2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：必修5 Unit5 First Aid

2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：必修5Unit5
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　话题：医学　词数：271　时间：6′
As
cold
season
appro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aches，many
Americans
will
buy
a
lot
of
vitamin
C
and
echinacea(紫锥菊)in
order
to
avoid
catching
a
cold.But
paying
attention
to
an
old
piece
of
advice
about
having
enough
sleep
every
day
might
be
more
important.
Research
suggests
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
poor
sleep
can
increase
the
chance
to
colds.Studies
have
shown
that
poor
sleep
and
a
chance
to
catch
a
cold
go
hand
in
hand，and
scientists
think
sleep
plays
an
important
role
in
the
body's
defenses.
In
a
recent
study
for
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
The
Archives
of
Internal
Medicine，scientists
followed
153
men
and
women
for
two
weeks，keeping
an
eye
on
their
quality
and
duration(持续性)of
sleep.Then，during
a
five－day
period，they
exposed
them
to
cold
viruses.Those
who
slept
an
average
of
fewer
than
seven
hours
a
night，it
turned
out，were
three
times
as
likely
to
get
sick
as
those
who
averaged
at
least
eight
hours
a
night.
Sleep
and
imm
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unity(免疫)，it
seems，are
tightly
linked.Studies
have
found
that
mammals
that
require
the
most
sleep
also
produce
greater
levels
of
disease－fighting
white
blood
cells—but
not
red
blood
cells，even
though
both
are
produced
in
bone
marrow(骨髓)
and
stem
from
the
same
precursor.And
researchers
at
the
Max
Planck
Institute
for
Evolutionary
Anthropology
have
shown
that
species
that
sleep
more
have
greater
resistance
against
pathogens(病原体)．
“People
who
have
lo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nger
sleep
every
night，”
the
Planck
scientists
wrote，“appear
to
be
able
to
strengthen
their
immune
systems
and
be
better
protected.”
【语篇解读】　随着天气变冷，越来越多的人将会感冒。如何才能在寒冷的季节避免感冒的侵袭？研究表明，充足的睡眠将会保护你不受感冒的威胁。
1．Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．The
Best
Way
to
Avoid
Catching
a
Cold
in
Winter.
B．The
Relationship
between
Sleep
and
Immunity.
C．Lack
of
Sleep
Increases
the
Risk
of
Catching
a
Cold.
D．How
to
Strengthen
Your
Immune
Systems
答案　C　[主旨大意题。通读全文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知本文主要讲述的是充足的睡眠可以减少得感冒的机会，也就是说缺乏睡眠会增加得感冒的风险。故C可作文章的标题。]
2．From
the
passage
we
can
infer
that
________．
A．vitamin
C
and
echinacea
can
help
resist
colds
B．the
longer
you
sleep，the
healthier
you
will
be
C．people
didn't
know
the
relationship
between
sleep
and
colds
before
D．people's
immunity
can
be
gained
mostly
from
sleep
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据短文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一句可知答案。B项没有依据；C项根据But
paying
attention
to
an
old
piece
of
advice
about
having
enough
sleep
every
day
might
be
more
important可排除；D项没有依据。]
3．We
can
draw
a
conclusion
from
the
third
paragraph
that
________．
A．most
people
sleep
less
than
seven
hours
a
day
B．sleep
less
may
easily
lead
to
some
illnesses
C．one
should
sleep
at
least
seven
hours
a
day
D．sleep
is
the
best
way
to
treat
illnesses
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，从这项研究中可以得出结论：睡眠少很容易导致疾病。]
4．How
does
the
author
express
his
idea
A．By
using
the
results
of
studies.
B．By
comparing
some
numbers.
C．By
telling
some
interesting
stories.
D．By
referring
to
some
theories.
答案　A　[细节理解题。作者为了说明睡眠不足可导致感冒的风险，多次提到了研究的结果。故答案为A。]
B
体裁：记叙文　话题：人物与医学　词数：303　时间：6′
Christian
Poincheval
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
65－year－old
French
inventor
who
has
dedicated
the
past
eight
years
of
his
life
to
making
farts(屁)
smell
better.He
claims
that
his
product—Lutin
Malin—which
has
another
name
“crafty
imp”—are
pills
that
can
help
ease
digestion
and
change
the
smell
of
farts.What's
more，the
pills
can
change
smelly
farts
into
smelling
like
roses
or
violets.Poincheval
claims
that
his
newest
invention，just
in
time
for
the
holidays，makes
farts
smell
like
chocolate.
According
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Poincheval's
website，the
idea
for
inventing
the
pills
apparently
came
from
a
dinner
with
friends
during
which
nobody
could
stop
farting.“We
were
at
table
with
friends
and
after
a
hearty
meal，almost
all
of
us
farted.We
almost
suffocated(窒息)
as
our
farts
were
really
smelly，”
Poincheval
writes
in
his
page.“The
winds
were
not
very
pleasant
for
our
fellow
diners.So
I
knew
it
was
time
for
me
to
do
something.I
can't
prevent
people
from
farting，but
I
can
change
the
smell
of
the
farts.”
That
horrifi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c
dinner，in
which
a
group
of
several
adults
seemingly
farted
uncontrollably
in
a
public
space，inspired
Poincheval
to
try
his
best
to
find
a
way
to
solve
the
problem
of
flatulence(肠胃胀气)
completely.He
claims
the
pills
are
made
from
organic
materials
like
blueberries，fennel
and
seaweed
and
that
he
sells
“several
hundred
bottles
a
month.”
Poincheval
told
The
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Telegraph
that
he
had
many
customers，especially
around
the
holidays.“I
sold
about
1，500
bottles
of
the
pills
this
Christmas.People
love
the
pills
and
I'm
very
happy
because
I
help
them
in
my
own
way，”
he
said.
A
bottle
of
60
pill
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
sells
for
￡9.99，or
$12.50，which
seems
shockingly
low
for
something
that
makes
terrible
things
smell
like
good
things.
5．The
pills
that
Christian
Poincheval
invented
can
________．
A．help
treat
some
diseases
B．make
people
live
longer
C．help
flowers
grow
better
D．make
farts
smell
better
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据短文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一段中的who
has
dedicated
the
past
eight
years
of
his
life
to
making
farts(屁)
smell
better.可知，Christian
Poincheval发明的药丸能使屁闻起来好闻一些。故选D。]
6．Christian
Poinchev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
had
the
idea
of
inventing
the
pills
when
________．
A．he
was
seriously
ill
in
hospital
B．he
had
dinner
with
his
friends
C．he
couldn't
digest
well
one
day
D．he
was
laughed
at
by
his
friends
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的the
idea
for
inventing
the
pills
apparently
came
from
a
dinner
with
friends
during
which
nobody
could
stop
farting.可知，Christian
Poincheva是在与朋友一起吃饭时产生发明这种药丸的主意的。]
7．It
can
be
known
from
the
passage
that
the
pills
________．
A．are
too
expensive
for
people
to
buy
B．can
prevent
people
from
farting
C．are
made
from
organic
materials
D．smell
like
roses
or
violets
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据He
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )laims
the
pills
are
made
from
organic
materials
like
blueberries，fennel
and
seaweed
and
that
he
sells
“several
hundred
bottles
a
month.”可知，这种药丸是由有机材料做成的。]
8．We
may
infer
from
the
passage
that
________．
A．people
become
ill
easily
on
holidays
B．the
pills
are
not
fit
for
everyone
C．the
pills
do
harm
to
people's
health
D．the
pills
are
popular
with
people
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第三段中的“several
hundred
bottles
a
month.”以及第四段中的he
has
many
customers和People
love
the
pills可知，这种药片受到了人们的喜爱。]
Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life
comes
in
a
pac
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kage.This
package
includes
happiness
and
sorrow，failure
and
success，hope
and
despair.Life
is
a
learning
process.__9__
With
each
passing
day
we
learn
to
handle
various
situations.
1．Love
Love
plays
a
key
role
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
on
our
life.__10__
In
the
early
stage
of
our
life，our
parents
are
the
ones
who
shower
us
with
unconditional
love
and
care，they
teach
us
about
what
is
right
and
wrong，good
and
bad.But
we
always
tend
to
take
this
for
granted.It
is
only
after
marriage
and
having
kids
that
a
person
understands
and
becomes
sensitive
to
others'
feelings.
2．Happiness
and
Sorrow
Materialistic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )happiness
is
short－lived，but
happiness
achieved
by
bringing
a
smile
on
others'
face
gives
a
certain
level
of
fulfillment.Peace
of
mind
is
the
main
link
to
happiness.__11__
We
realize
the
true
worth
of
happiness
when
we
are
in
sorrow.Sorrow
is
basically
due
to
death
of
a
loved
one，failure
and
despair.
3．Failure
and
Success
__12__
It
helps
us
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
touch
the
sky，teaches
us
to
survive
and
shows
us
a
specific
way.Success
brings
in
money，fame，pride
and
self－respect.Here
it
becomes
very
important
to
keep
our
head
on
our
shoulder.
4．Hope
and
Despair
Hope
is
what
keeps
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )life
going.Parents
always
hope
their
children
will
do
well.Hope
makes
us
dream.Hope
builds
in
patience.__13__
Because
after
every
night
there
is
a
day.Nothing
remains
the
same.
A．Failure
is
the
path
to
success.
B．No
mind
is
happy
without
peace.
C．Life
teaches
us
not
to
regret
over
yesterday.
D．Without
love
a
person
could
become
fierce
and
cruel.
E．Life
teaches
us
not
to
despair
even
in
the
darkest
hour.
F．Experiences
in
lif
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
teach
us
new
lessons
and
make
us
a
better
person.
G．The
only
choice
is
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ork
hard
today
so
that
we
will
enjoy
a
better
tomorrow.
答案
9．F　[空格前面的句子Life
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
learning
process.说明生活是学习的过程，空格后面的句子With
each
passing
day
we
learn
to
handle
various
situations.说明，随着每一天的过去，我们学会了处理各种各样的问题。由此可知，空格处的句子内容应该说明我们从生活经历中学习了什么。故选F。]
10．D　[本段标题为Love.选项D意为“没有爱，一个人将变得凶暴、残忍。”与标题相关。故选D。]
11．B　[空格前面的句子Peace
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of
mind
is
the
main
link
to
happiness.说明了心灵的平静与快乐之间的关系，选项B也是说明快乐与平静之间的关系的。故选B。]
12．A　[本段标题为Failure
and
Success.选项A正是说明失败与成功之间的关系的。故选A。]
13．E　[本段标题为Hope
and
Despair.选项E中的关键词not
to
despair与标题内容一致。故选E。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As
is
known
to
us
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
all，drunk
driving
can
cause
a
great
damage.Drunk
driving
will
direct
threaten
the
safety
of
drivers，passengers
and
pedestrians，resulting
from
traffic
accidents，injuries
and
even
deaths.What's
more，treat
the
injured
and
repairing
broken
cars
mean
a
great
waste
of
money，time
and
resource.
In
order
to
preven
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
drivers
from
drunk
driving，effective
measures
must
taken
before
things
get
worse.Firstly，it
is
essential
whether
laws
and
regulations
should
be
strengthened
to
punish
those
who
performs
drunken
driving.Secondly，drivers
must
strengthen
our
awareness
of
public
safety.
For
the
sake
of
saf
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
of
yourself
and
for
the
happiness
of
your
family，never
do
drunk
driving
in
your
life!
答案　
As
is
known
to
us
all，drunk
driving
can
cause
great
damage.Drunk
driving
will
threaten
the
safety
of
drivers，passengers
and
pedestrians，resulting
traffic
accidents，injuries
and
even
deaths.What's
more，
the
injured
and
repairing
broken
cars
mean
a
great
waste
of
money，time
and
.
In
order
to
prevent
drivers
from
drunk
driving，effective
measures
must
taken
before
things
get
worse.Firstly，it
is
essential
laws
and
regulations
should
be
strengthened
to
punish
those
who
drunken
driving.Secondly，drivers
must
strengthen
awareness
of
public
safety.For
the
sake
of
of
yourself
and
for
the
happiness
of
your
family，never
do
drunk
driving
in
your
life!