2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：必修4 Unit4 Body language

2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：必修4Unit4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　话题：学习　词数：368　时间：6′
Students perform better when their instructors use hand gestures—a simple teaching tool that could generate benefits in higher－level math such as algebra(代数)．
A study published in Child Development，the top－ranked educational psychology journal，provides some of the strongest evidence yet that gesturing may have a unique effect on learning.Teachers in the United States tend to use gestures less than teachers in other countries.
“Gesturing can be a very beneficial tool that is completely free and easily employed in classrooms，” said Kimberly Fenn，study co－author and assistant professor of psychology at Michigan State University.“And I think it can have long－lasting effects.”
Fenn and Ryan Duffy of MSU and Susan Cook of the University of Iowa conducted an experiment with 184 second－，third－ and fourth－graders in Michigan elementary classrooms.
Half of the students were shown videos of an instructor teaching math problems using only speech.The others were shown videos of the instructor teaching the same problems using both speech and gestures.In the speech－only videos，the instructor simply explains the problem.In the other videos，the instructor uses two hand gestures while speaking，using different hands to refer to the two sides of the equation.Students who learned from the gesture videos performed better on a test given immediately afterward than those who learned from the speech－only video.
Another test was given 24 hours later，and the gesture students actually showed improvement in their performance while the speech－only students did not.
While previous research has shown the benefits of gestures in a one－on－one tutoring－style environment，the new study is the first to test the role of gestures in equivalence learning in a regular classroom.
The study also is the first to show that gestures can help students transfer learning to new contexts—such as transferring the knowledge learned in an addition－based equation to a multiplication－based equation.
Fenn noted that U．S.students lag behind those in many other Western countries in math and have a particularly hard time mastering equivalence problems in early grades.“So if we can help them grasp this foundational knowledge earlier，” she said，“it will help them as they learn algebra and higher levels of mathematics.”
1．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Learn Higher－level Math Well
B．Simple Teaching Tools Used in Math Learning
C．Teachers' Gestures Boost Math Learning
D．Why U．S.Students Can't Learn Math Well
答案　C　[主旨大意题。文章根据一项实验说明：老师在讲课时用手势语可以提高学生的数学学习能力。故选项C可以作文章的标题。]
2．Researchers explain their opinion in the educational psychology journal by ________．
A．setting down general rules
B．using a great many examples
C．making questionnaire survey
D．presenting research findings
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，研究者根据实验得出结论：手势语这种简单的教学手段可以让学生在数学学习上得到提高。他们是根据研究结果来解释这一观点的。]
3．What do you know about the experiment conducted by Kimberly Fenn?
A．The experiment was done with 184 students of the same age in elementary classrooms.
B．The students were divided into two groups and got different teaching methods.
C．Researchers drew the conclusion based on the only one test they did in the experiment.
D．Researchers had not done any research on the benefits of gestures before this one.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据Half of the students were shown videos of an instructor teaching math problems using only speech.The others were shown videos of the instructor teaching the same problems using both speech and gestures.可知，在实验中，学生们被分成两个部分并用不同的教学方法给他们讲解数学问题。]
B
体裁：记叙文　话题：人物与事件　词数：282　时间：5′
When I was in my first year of high school，I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster.I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible.
On one such day，I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home，with my head down，fighting tears of total hopelessness，when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me.Though I had never seen him before，I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits，so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past.I thought he'd walk on by，but he moved until he was directly in front of me，waited until I looked up，and then smiled.
Looking into my eyes，this stranger spoke in a quiet voice：“Whatever is wrong will pass.You're going to be OK，just hang on.” He，then，smiled again and walked away.
I can't explain the effect of that man's unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope.I looked for him in our school to thank him，but never saw him again.
That was thirty years ago.And I've never forgotten that moment.Over the years，whenever I see someone who is in trouble，I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can.I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them，sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy，or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything.
If you keep your head up，your heart will show you the place that needs hope.
【语篇解读】　一切不好的事情都会过去，只要你昂起自己的头，你就会充满希望！
4．Where did the writer meet with the young man?
A．In the school.
B．In the school bus.
C．In the classroom.
D．In the library.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home可知，作者是在学校里遇到的那位年轻人。]
5．From the passage we may infer that the author ________．
A．had known the young man for a long time
B．made friends with the young man afterwards
C．was grateful to that young man very much
D．avoided meeting the young man since then
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据短文第四段内容可以推测作者对这位年轻人非常感激。]
6．The author has given a lot of help to others in order to ________．
A．show his sympathy to those who are badly ill
B．give others hope of life when they are in trouble
C．realize his promise made to the young man
D．get respect from those who were helped by him
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can以及作者所做的对人有帮助的事情可知，作者帮助别人是为了给别人的生活带来希望。]
7．It can be known from the passage that ________．
A．the young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble
B．it was the young man's smile and words that made the author feel hopeful
C．the author had never been praised by others before he met with the young man
D．the author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope.可知，正是这位年轻人的微笑和话语使作者感到生活有了希望。]
Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Questions you should ask yourself when you fail
Let's face it.We all fail.The more new things we try the more failures we are likely to have.Experiencing failure can be a learning experience and an opportunity for a fresh start.__8__ A good way to begin this process is by asking yourself some tough questions.
1．What can I learn from this?
Take responsibility for what went wrong.OK，so it was not all your fault—but some of it was.Successful people don't make excuses or blame others.__9__ Be critical but constructive.Try to look at the experience objectively.Make a list of the key things that happened.Analyze the list step－by－step and look for the learning points.
2．Do I need to acquire or improve some skills?
Did the problem reveal some lack of skill on your part? How could you learn or improve those skills? Perhaps there are books or courses or people you could turn to.__10__
3．Who can I learn from?
Is there someone whom you can turn to for advice? Did a boss，colleague or a friend see what happened? __11__ Most people do not ask for help because they believe it to be a sign of weakness rather than strength.It's not.It shows that you are ready to learn and change.Any good friend will be happy to help.
4．What will I do next?
__12__ Will you try something similar or something different? Revisit your goals and objectives.This reversal has been a setback on your journey but think of it as a diversion rather than a halt.You can now reset your sights on your destination and plan a new course.
A．Now draw up an action plan.
B．Make them stepping stones to future success.
C．They take responsibility of the failure.
D．In fact the only way to avoid failure is to do nothing new.
E．The important thing is how we deal with failure.
F．Make a self－development plan to acquire the skills and experiences you need.
G．If they are constructive and supportive then ask them for some feedback and guidance.
答案
8．E　[空格后面的一句A good way to...正是如何处理失败的最好方法之一，由此推断，空格处应该是“重要的是如何处理失败”。故选E。]
9．C　[上面一句说成功人士不会找借口或责备别人，那么他们如何做呢？选项C意为“他们承担失败的责任”，符合语境。故选C。]
10．F　[本段标题为“我需要获得或提升一些技能吗？”根据选项F中的关键词to acquire the skills and experiences可知本空应该选F。]
11．G　[本段标题为“我向谁学习？”选项G中的关键词ask them for some feedback and guidance提升了应该向谁征求指导、向谁学习的问题。故选G。]
12．A　[本段标题为“接下来我该做什么？”而选项A意为“现在拟定一份行动计划”，这份计划里面的内容正是接下来你需要做的事情。故选A。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
During the summer of 2013，I started reading books in English，most stories.I would learn a lot of new words from these books，but I had terribly problems memorizing them.I had to look up to the same word many times，which were quite troublesome.I realized I do need a way to remember all this vocabulary.It was a great achievement for myself.I started writing down words from books that I read.I would come back from school，and then sit for an hour and two.I wrote down new words and added it to my collection.By the end of last year，my collection has grown to 3，000 words.
答案　
During the summer of 2013，I started reading books in English， stories.I would learn a lot of new words from these books，but I had problems memorizing them.I had to look up the same word many times，which quite troublesome.I realized I need a way to remember all this vocabulary.It was a great achievement for .I started writing down words from books that I read.I would come back from school，and then sit for an hour two.I wrote down new words and added to my collection.By the end of last year，my collection grown to 3，000 words.