2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：选修8Unit3 Inventors and inventions

2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：选修8Unit3
选修8
Ⅰ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文　话题：友谊　词数：289　时间：16′
I have seen the man who works in a big factory for years but I never pay any attention to him.He was a little bit strange，a little bit short，a little bit__1__．He always wore an old red hat and he always carried a__2__ bag.He usually spent his break time and his lunchtime by walking around in that old big factory to collect the__3__ tins separated around the place.
I have been following him for years and years，does not__4__ it is hot or cold.I followed him__5__ he walked to his old pick－up car in a very cold weather when the__6__ fell down onto the earth.
Today，I was fixing one of the__7__ machines in the factory when this “tin man” came with his__8__．As usual，he looked for and__9__ the tins，which were around the place.My manager was standing there to__10__ me.He was worried about the__11__ caused by the machine that could__12__ the production in the factory.
When I finished my job，I__13__ my manager asked the “tin man” about what he's done with those tins that he had__14__．I never even thought about this kind of question，because I always had a(n)__15__ that this “tin man” would destroy those tins in the__16__ place.
Unexpectedly，this “tin man” took off his old__17__ and answered，“I will give these tins to my__18__，he had an epilepsy(癫痫) and he can not work”．
I was so__19__ to hear that，so I asked him，“You mean you collect all those tins just to__20__ your neighbor？”
“I know this does not help much”，he said.“But I give everything to him，because he can not work.He had a lot of weaknesses”．
1．A.gentle B．perfect C．pleasant D．dirty
答案　D　[根据后面一句He always wore an old red hat and...以及前面的两个形容词strange，short可以判断空格处应该填dirty。]
2．A.rubbish B．school C．book D．food
答案　A　[从后面短文内容可知，这个人用这个袋子装别人丢掉的罐头盒，因此该空格应该填rubbish。]
3．A.unsettled B．unforgettable
C．unused D．unearned
答案　C　[他在拾别人丢弃不用的罐头盒。]
4．A.matter B．separate
C．distinguish D．regard
答案　A　[matter表示“不管；在意”，根据句子意思，不管是热是冷，我都跟着他。]
5．A.unless B．whenever C．until D．if
答案　B　[根据上一句话可知，作者一直跟着这个人，用whenever表示“无论何时”，表示“一直”。]
6．A.rain B．snow C．wind D．fog
答案　B　[天气非常寒冷所以下雪。]
7．A.broken B．rotten
C．disabled D．productive
答案　A　[根据前面的fixing可知，我在修理一台“坏了的”机器。]
8．A.tin B．pot C．bag D．mask
答案　C　[第二个空格所在句子给出了提示。]
9．A.worked out B．made up
C．set out D．picked up
答案　D　[这个人寻找罐头盒并捡起罐头盒。work out“做出；解出”；make up“弥补；化妆”；set out“着手；开始”；pick up“捡；拾”。]
10．A.watch B．notice C．see D．glance
答案　A　[经理站在那儿一直看着我修理机器。watch含有“仔细观察”之意；notice“注意到”；see“看见”；glance“瞥见”。]
11．A.value B．construction
C．delay D．movement
答案　C　[根据句意可知，经理担心的是因为机器出了毛病而引起的工作的“延误”。]
12．A.examine B．expose C．complete D．affect
答案　D　[经理担心机器出故障会造成工作的延误，也就是说机器故障会“影响”工厂的产量。]
13．A.heard B．listened C．stared D．debated
答案　A　[根据后面经理问这位捡罐头盒的人的话，可知此处应该是“听到”。]
14．A.collected B．rejected C．reminded D．imitated
答案　A　[“捡拾；收集”罐头盒，用collect。]
15．A.opportunity B．occupation
C．profession D．imagination
答案　D　[根据句子意思可知，作者认为(想象)的是这位捡拾罐头盒的人捡拾罐头盒的目的是为了卖掉它们。故应该选imagination表示“想象”。]
16．A.poisonous B．recycled
C．authentic D．extraordinary
答案　B　[the recycled place“回收点”。]
17．A.clothes B．shoes C．hat D．jacket
答案　C　[根据上文的提示He always wore an old red hat可知选C。A、B、D三项文中没有提及。]
18．A.family B．neighbor C．manager D．co－worker
答案　B　[下文“You mean you collect all those tins just to________ your neighbor？”给出答案提示。]
19．A.shocked B．frightened C．scared D．absorbed
答案　A　[根据上文，作者认为这位捡拾罐头盒的人是为了将罐头盒卖给回收站，再结合这位捡拾罐头盒的人的话，作者感到非常“震惊”。]
20．A.attract B．approve C．help D．damage
答案　C　[由最后一段捡拾罐头盒的人所说的话不难推断作者话的含义，“你捡拾这些罐头盒是为了帮助你的邻居吗？”由此可知答案为C。]
Ⅱ.阅读理解
体裁：记叙文　话题：人物与事件　词数：313　时间：6′
11－year－old child prodigy(神童) Tanishq Abraham is in the news for graduating from college with not one，not two，but three different degrees.The talented kid from California made headlines last year as well，for completing high school at the age of ten and earning a congratulatory letter from President Barack Obama.And now，just a year later，he's finished college with three degrees.
Last week's graduation ceremony at the American River College in Sacramento was attended by Tanishq's parents—his mother Taji，a vet，and his father Bijou，a software engineer.They cheered for Tanishq as he was awarded degrees in math and physical sciences，general science，and language studies.
Tanishq told Chinadaily that he wasn't panic by the fact that his classmates were all twice his age.“A lot were really happy that there was a kid in their class，” he said.And his parents were pretty low－key(低调的) about the whole affair，being used to all his accomplishments since a young age.“Even in kindergarten，he was a few years ahead，” Taji told Chinadaily.“He finished a Calculus(微积分) course at the age of five.”
Interestingly，Tanishq has been home－schooled by his mother.He's also been taking classes at the American River College since he was seven years old.He joined Mensa International，a group of people whose IQ is in the top two percent of the population，at the age of four.
You'd think that Tanishq is probably done with books for his life，but he actually has no plans to stop learning.“I want to become a doctor，” he told China Daily after the ceremony.“But I also want to become a medical researcher，and also the president of the United States.” He revealed that he hopes to win the Nobel Prize some day in medicine or research.
21．What do you know about Tanishq Abraham?
A．He completed high school at the age of eleven.
B．Barack Obama attended his graduation ceremony.
C．He graduated from college with three different degrees.
D．He is a child with the highest IQ in the world.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一句可知，Tanishq Abraham大学毕业获得了三个不同的学位。故选项C正确。根据for completing high school at the age of ten可排除A；根据and earning a congratulatory letter from President Barack Obama.可排除B；文章中没有提及Tanishq Abraham是世界上智商最高的人，故排除D。]
22．When Tanishq was awarded three degrees at the graduation ceremony，his parents was ________．
A．proud B．excited C．doubtful D．worried
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据短文第二段中的They cheered for Tanishq as...可知，当Tanishq在毕业典礼上获得三个不同的学位时，他的父母非常兴奋，为他欢呼加油。]
23．Which of the following is the right order for Tanishq Abraham?
a．graduated from college with three degrees
b．completed high school
c．took classes at the American River College
d．joined Mensa International
e．finished a Calculus course
A．acdbe B．ecdba C．dbace D．decba
答案　D　[细节判断题。根据短文中出现的Tanishq Abraham在各个年龄阶段所做的事情可知，选项D为正确的时间顺序。]
24．It can be inferred from the passage that Tanishq Abraham ________．
A．will work after graduating from college
B．is panic with classmates twice his age
C．is a child prodigy with great dreams
D．has made great achievements in science
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据短文最后一段内容可知，Tanishq Abraham想成为医生，又想成为医学研究者，还想成为总统，还希望能够获得诺贝尔奖。由此推知他是一个有伟大梦想的孩子。故选C。]
Ⅲ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Robert De Vincenzo，the great Argentine golfer，after won a tournament(锦标赛) he walked __25__ (lonely) to his car in the parking lot and was approached by a young woman.
She __26__ (congratulation) him on his victory and then told him that her child was __27__(serious)ill and near death.She did not know __28__ she could pay the doctor's bills.
De Vincenzo was touched by her story，and he took __29__ a pen and wrote on his winning check for __30__ (pay) to the woman.
The next week he was having lunch in a country club __31__ a friend came to his table.“Some of the boys in the parking lot last week told me you __32__ (meet) a young woman there after you won that tournament.” De Vincenzo nodded.“Well，” said his friend，“I have news for you.She's a cheat.She has no sick baby.She robbed you by a trick，my friend.” “You mean there is no baby who is __33__ (die)？” said De Vincenzo.“That's right，” said his friend.“That's the __34__ (good) news I've heard all the week.” De Vincenzo said.
答案　
25．alone　[alone意为“独自地；单独地”，而lonely表示“孤独的”。]
26．congratulated　[分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，因为发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。]
27．seriously　[用副词修饰形容词。]
28．how　[how表示“如何；怎么样”。]
29．out　[take out是固定短语，意为“拿出”。]
30．payment　[for为介词，后面应该用名词作介词宾语。]
31．when　[when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。]
32．met　[表示发生在过去的事情用动词的过去式。]
33．dying　[be dying意为“要死的；濒临死亡的”。]
34．best　[根据句意可知，没有人死亡是最好的消息。]
Ⅳ.书面表达
你(Li Ming)的新加坡笔友Mike于5月5日给你写了一封信，询问你的学校生活情况。请给他写一封回信，主要内容包括：
1．有六门功课；
2．上学时间；
3．课外活动；
4．欢迎他来北京；
5．要求他介绍他的学校生活。
注意：1.信的格式已写好；
2．词数100左右；
3．信中不能出现你的真实情况。
Dear Mike，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours truly，
Li Ming
【参考范文】
Dear__Mike，
I was very glad to receive your letter on May 5th.At your request，I'll tell something about my school life.
In senior three at school，I have six subjects：Chinese，maths，English，physics，chemistry and P．E.Now，I am busy preparing for college entrance exams.School hours usually begin at 8 a．m.and end at 4 p．m.After class，we have sports，such as ball games and so on，or do some reading in the school library.Then I go home.
It's spring now in Beijing.It's really very beautiful.Welcome to Beijing，Mike.
I'll appreciate it if you can tell me something about your school life in your next letter.I am looking forward to it.
With best regards.
Yours__truly，
Li__Ming