Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.A sudden f of lightning lit up everything in the room for a second.
2.Darcy， the main character in Pride and Prejudice， manages to d his pride as he falls deeply in love with Elizabeth.
3.After the earthquake， nearly everything was d .
4.As we know， the great scientist is a man of n mind.
5.The new restaurant is e popular， so you ought to book a table in advance.
6.After repeated a ， they finally succeeded.
7. （挺直） up slowly， then repeat the exercise ten times.
8.To his delight， the author has （完成） his biography ahead of schedule.
9.The children gave a （不清楚的） description of what had happened.
10.He found success as an actor in the film Space Jam （与……一起）the famous cartoon character Bugs Bunny！
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.Two years ago， he published a （collect） of short stories.
2.Writing （poet） freed her from the routine of everyday life.
3.Even though the book is helpful， however， I still feel （confuse）.
4.He was a warm， （generosity） and kind-hearted man.
5.No matter what the season is， it’s （extreme） important to wear sunglasses.
6.Marie Curie made herself known to the world through her scientific （accomplish）.
7.Try not to lean against anything and （straight） your back.
8.This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being （destroy） now.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.当熊走近时，我感到混乱，不知道该做什么。（what引导宾语从句）
When the bear was approaching， I got confused，not knowing .
2.他们几乎没有意识到他们在科学领域有了一个重大发现。（部分倒装）
that they had made an important discovery in science.
3.我正要上床睡觉，这时门铃响了。（be on the point of doing ...when ...）
the door bell rang.
4.随着冬天的临近，是时候买暖和的衣服了。（with复合结构）
，it’s time to buy warm clothes.
5.直到凌晨4点，他才睡着了。（部分倒装）
Not until 4：00 in the morning .
6.在所有的动物中，我尤其害怕熊。（particular）
Of all the animals， I’m afraid of .
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The old man pulled on him all that he could 1. （bring） him closer when the fish was coming in on his circle.He 2. （straight） himself and began another circle.He felt faint again but he held 3. the great fish all the strain that he could.Though he put all of his effort on， 4. （pull） with all his strength， the fish swam away.
That way nothing 5. （accomplish）， he thought.This time he nearly had him and again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.Never has he seen a 6. （great）， or more beautiful， or a calmer or more noble thing than him.Now he was getting 7. （confuse） in the head.He must
keep his head clear.He said to himself “Clear 8. ， head.” Twice more it was the same on the turns.He had been 9. the point of feeling himself go each time.He tried it more again and it was the same.He felt himself 10. （go） before starting again， but he will try it once again.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Eric Carle， the author behind The Very Hungry Caterpillar and dozens of other children’s books， has passed away at the age of 91. Mr Carle’s lively， creative and colourful works were loved by children around the world.
Mr Carle was the author or illustrator of over 70 books for children， including The Grouchy Ladybug， The Mixed-Up Chameleon and Papa， Please Get the Moon for Me.The Very Hungry Caterpillar was Mr Carle’s best-known book.It was published in 1969.Since then， over 55 million copies of the book have been sold， and it has been translated into more than 70 different languages.
Mr Carle was born in Syracuse， New York in 1929.His parents were German.As he was growing up， Mr Carle spent a lot of time with his father， who would take him out walking in nature.His father would show him small creatures， explaining their life cycles and filling the young boy’s head with wonder.
Mr Carle thinks this helps explain why so many of his books are about nature.Many are about bugs like crickets， fireflies， ladybugs and butterflies.Others are about animals， like foxes， squirrels， kangaroos and bears.
In 1952， Mr Carle got a job as a graphic designer at The New York Times.Author Bill Martin， Jr asked Mr Carle to illustrate a story he had written.Brown Bear， Brown Bear， What Do You See？was the result of their cooperation， which is Mr Carle’s first try.The book came out in 1967 and was a big hit.After that， he created many children’s books that were very popular with children.
Most of Mr Carle’s books are meant for younger readers.He said that he wanted to help make school a fun and welcoming place.“I believe that children are naturally creative and eager to learn，” he said.“I want to show them that learning is really both fascinating and fun.”
Mr Carle will be missed， and his creative art and sweet， funny stories will continue to bring joy to very eager readers all around the world.
1.When was The Very Hungry Caterpillar published？（ ）
A.In 1929. B.In 1952.
C.In 1967. D.In 1969.
2.Why are most of Mr Carle’s books about nature according to him？（ ）
A.His parents grew up in the countryside.
B.His father led him close to nature.
C.Nature gave him a lot of inspiration.
D.The topic on nature is child-friendly.
3.Which of the following is the first picture book illustrated by Eric Carle？（ ）
A.The Mixed-Up Chameleon.
B.The Very Hungry Caterpillar.
C.Papa， Please Get the Moon for Me.
D.Brown Bear， Brown Bear， What Do You See？
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？（ ）
A.To remember a great writer.
B.To introduce children’s books.
C.To encourage kids to read more.
D.To draw more concern for kids.
B
When I talk to kids about writing， I often compare it to the roller coaster to remind them to mix laughs with thrills in writing， because nobody wants to ride a roller coaster that is long， never-ending and terrifying.Even Shakespeare， in his darkest tragedies， opens each act with a funny scene before the swords and daggers or poison come out.We need comic relief in literature， a break in the tension.
I have always tried to write stories for kids that mix the heart-racing thrill of a mystery with a few jokes.Maybe this is because， when I was in the fifth and sixth grades， the fun comic magazine was my favourite reading material.Then in high school， I was the class clown.When I first moved to New York City， I performed with one of the city’s top comedy edy， I have discovered， is a great teaching tool.It is also a wonderful defense against fear.
One of my favourite e-mails I’ve ever received was sent to me in 2009 by a young reader who loved my stories.Here’s what he wrote：
Dear Mr Grabenstein，
I just want to let you know that I really， absolutely love your books.I’m in 6th grade and recently have finished The Hanging Hill after reading The Crossroads.Your stories mix action， humour and horror together in a perfect combination.
Thanks so much！
Will R.
Comedy is a writer’s tool for releasing tension and it also simply makes books more fun to read.I used humour in my novel The Island of Dr. Libris to make classic literature feel more accessible to young readers.I also think it’s why so many reluctant readers — including kids who haven’t read a book in years — have been crazy about Escape from Mr Lemoncello’s Library and Mr Lemoncello’s Library Olympics.Learning the Dewey Decimal System in the class can be fun if it is presented in a funny way.Because when we’re laughing， we never think we’re working too hard.
5.Why does the author mention the e-mail from a student in Paragraph 3？（ ）
A.To prove a theory.
B.To explain a concept.
C.To support his opinion.
D.To introduce the topic.
6.Which of the following best describes Dewey Decimal System in the last paragraph？（ ）
A.Efficient. B.Boring.
C.Simple. D.Effective.
7.Where is the text probably from？（ ）
A.A literature textbook.
B.An autobiography.
C.A writing guidebook.
D.A writing outline.
8.Which can be a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A.Fun， an Element in Writing
B.Magazine， a Guide to Writing
C.Imagination， the Soul of Writing
D.The Clown Suit， a Decoration for Writing
Ⅱ.完形填空
Victor Hugo’s novel Les Mis rables was first published in France in 1862 and has been a popular novel ever since.It has been 9 for the stage and screen many times.It is a comment on society and on the 10 of people through the tale of a man whose life is changed by an act of forgiveness.Forgiveness is a（n） 11 repeated throughout the novel.
12 in the early 19th century in France， the novel records the ups and downs of the prisoner Jean Valjean， a man who has spent nineteen years in prison for 13 a piece of bread to feed his sister’s hungry children and made many attempted escapes.After being allowed to come out of prison， Valjean cannot get a job because nobody wants to give a job to a former prisoner. 14 ， his life changes when a priest forgives him for stealing from a church. 15 the priest forgives him， he goes out and steals some money from a child.He soon remembers the priest’s forgiveness and 16 what he has done.He searches for the 17 to return the money but now it is too 18 — the police are searching for him.If they catch him， he will spent the 19 of his life in prison.To 20 the police， he changes his name from Valjean to Madeleine and eventually becomes a 21 man and even a mayor of a town.In his role as a mayor， he helps a woman called Fantine and promises to take care of her daughter， Cosette.He treats Cosette like his own daughter and risks his safety for her happiness.Valjean’s new life becomes 22 when a policeman guesses who Valjean really is and wants to send him back to prison.What follows is a long 23 of cat and mouse which eventually takes Valjean into the dangerous streets of Paris during the 1832 Revolution.
9.（ ）A.adopted B.approved
C.adapted D.adjusted
10.（ ）A.love B.nature
C.thought D.wish
11.（ ）A.event B.noun
C.theme D.name
12.（ ）A.Set B.Placed
C.Said D.Told
13.（ ）A.buying B.accepting
C.wanting D.stealing
14.（ ）A.Therefore B.However
C.So D.Thus
15.（ ）A.After B.Before
C.Until D.If
16.（ ）A.realizes B.remembers
C.regrets D.recalls
17.（ ）A.priest B.policeman
C.mayor D.child
18.（ ）A.early B.sad
C.sorry D.late
19.（ ）A.rest B.whole
C.best D.worst
20.（ ）A.catch B.avoid
C.beg D.respect
21.（ ）A.dangerous B.successful
C.generous D.secret
22.（ ）A.glorious B.easy
C.bright D.difficult
23.（ ）A.film B.relation
C.game D.event
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grocery shopping was the task I hated most.I could always find plenty to complain about on any shopping trip.What did I forget to put on the list？Why did they have to keep moving things around？ Whoever thought that self-checkouts were a good idea？And how come these plastic bags last 500 years in a wasteyard， but won’t make it to my car without breaking？
On the worst grocery-shopping day of the whole year， the day before Thanksgiving， I stood with a full cart （购物车） waiting to check out.I counted eleven carts ahead of mine as I stood in a line.Every line was filled with shoppers in a big hurry.And I was no exception.My in-laws were coming for Thanksgiving and everything had to be perfect.Every moment I was stuck in the store put my schedule at risk.There were pies to make， dressing to prepare， and my salad， which had to be made the night before.
As I stood there feeling sorry for myself， the ladies in front of me began talking.
“I feel almost sorry standing here，” one said.I don’t know who she was talking about， but she went on to say， “You wouldn’t believe how poor they are.They work all week， and the food they can buy with their income fits in their two hands.”
The ladies moved on to other topics but I started thinking.I’d never spent a week’s income on groceries.I only used a part of our weekly income even when I planned a holiday like Thanksgiving.I bought treats often and threw money at expensive things whenever I wanted.Also， I couldn’t possibly carry all of the groceries I bought every week.And then there were even workers to bag our groceries and help put them in our cars if we bought more than we could manage alone.
How had I never noticed all this before？The shelves were full of food from around the world.Anything we wanted was trucked in or even flown in for us.The store was comfortable， safe and well-lit， and there was a bank and a flower shop in the store， too， just to make life even more convenient.Everywhere I looked — amazing.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
By the time I got to the cash desk， I was filled with excitement.
I rode to my comfortable， warm house and cooked a fine dinner that night.
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.flash 2.defeat 3.destroyed 4.noble 5.extremely
6.attempts 7.Straighten 8.accomplished 9.confused 10.alongside
维度二
1.collection 2.poetry 3.confused 4.generous
5.extremely 6.accomplishments 7.straighten
8.destroyed
维度三
1.what I should do
2.Little did they realize
3.I was on the point of going to bed when
4.With winter approaching
5.did he fall asleep
6.bears in particular
维度四
1.to bring 2.straightened 3.on 4.pulling
5.is accomplished 6.greater 7.confused 8.up 9.on 10.going
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了儿童文学作家埃里克·卡尔的生平及他的作品。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The Very Hungry Caterpillar was Mr Carle’s best-known book.It was published in 1969.可知，《好饿的毛毛虫》一书出版于1969年。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段内容及第四段中的Mr Carle thinks this helps explain why so many of his books are about nature.可知，卡尔的书大部分是关于自然这一主题是因为在他成长的过程中他的父亲经常带他亲近大自然。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Brown Bear， Brown Bear， What Do You See？... which is Mr Carle’s first try.可知，埃里克·卡尔的第一本绘本是《棕熊，棕熊，你看到了什么？》。
4.A 写作意图题。根据第一段内容及下文对埃里克·卡尔生平和作品的介绍可知，本文讲述了一位儿童文学作家的成长及创作经历。再结合最后一段内容可知，作者写本文的目的是纪念这位多产的伟大作家。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的阅读和写作经历告诉热爱写作的人们：无论你创作什么类型的作品，都要学会使用幽默。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of my ... loved my stories.可知，作者提到这封邮件是为了证明自己的观点和写作方式深受读者喜爱。
6.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Learning the Dewey Decimal System ... in a funny way.可以推断，杜威十进制系统应该是无聊的，但是如果可以以一种有趣的方式呈现的话，或许就有意思了。
7.C 文章出处题。根据第一段内容和最后一段首句可以判断，本文主要讲述了如何写作可以让读者更有兴趣阅读，这篇文章可能出自写作指南。
8.A 标题归纳题。第一段提出We need comic relief in literature， a break in the tension.的观点；第二、三段又以自己的亲身经历告诉读者，幽默的文风可以吸引读者；第四段再次强调Comedy is a writer’s tool for releasing tension and it also simply makes books more fun to read.的观点，故A项最适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维克多·雨果的小说《悲惨世界》的主要内容。
9.C 根据for the stage and screen many times可知，此处指这部小说多次被改编，搬上舞台和银幕。adapt改编；adopt采纳；收养；approve赞成；adjust调整；校正。
10.B 根据下文讲述的故事可知，小说围绕主人公冉·阿让的经历展开，结合法国十九世纪初期的时代背景，反映了当时的社会状况，刻画了人的本性，因此本书是对社会和人的本性的写照。nature本性；love 爱；thought 思考；wish愿望。
11.C 根据repeated throughout the novel可知，此处指宽恕是该小说的主题。theme主题；event 事件；noun名词；name名字。
12.A 根据in the early 19th century in France可知，此处是指该小说以19世纪初的法国为背景。set以……为背景。
13.D 根据下文的forgives him for stealing from a church可知，此处是指冉·阿让因为偷面包而入狱。steal 偷。buy 买；accept 接受；want 想要。
14.B 根据上文可知，冉·阿让出狱后生活潦倒，找不到工作；再根据设空处后的his life changes可知，在获得原谅后他的生活发生了变化，因此上下文为转折关系。however然而；但是；therefore 因此；so 所以；thus因此。
15.A 根据下文He soon remembers the priest’s forgiveness可知，冉·阿让在牧师原谅他后，又出去偷钱。
16.C 根据下文的to return the money可知，冉·阿让后悔自己再一次偷窃，想把钱还回去。regret后悔；realize意识到；实现；remember记得；recall回忆起。
17.D 根据上文的he goes out and steals some money from a child可知，冉·阿让偷了一个孩子的钱，因此他要寻找这个孩子，把钱还给他。
18.D 根据空后的the police are searching for him可知，此处指为时已晚，警察已经开始搜捕他了。
19.A 根据上文a man who has spent nineteen years in prison可知，冉·阿让已经坐过一次牢，如果再次被抓，冉·阿让将在监狱度过剩下的人生。
20.B 根据下文的he changes his name from Valjean to Madeleine可知，冉·阿让改名字是为了避免被警察抓到，即躲避警察。avoid 躲避；避开；catch赶上；抓住；beg 祈求；respect 尊重。
21.B 根据下文的even a mayor of a town可知，他成了一个成功的人。successful 成功的。dangerous危险的；generous慷慨的；secret秘密的。
22.D 根据when a policeman guesses who Valjean really is and wants to send him back to prison可知，警察的怀疑让冉·阿让的生活变得非常艰难。difficult艰难的；困难的；glorious光荣的；easy容易的；bright有希望的。
23.C 根据of cat and mouse可知，此处把冉·阿让继续躲避警察的事情比喻为猫捉老鼠的游戏。
Ⅲ.
By the time I got to the cash desk， I was filled with excitement.How wonderful my life was！The cashier looked tired， so I told her she was doing a great job and she relaxed a little.I thanked her and the bagger， telling them what a pleasure it was to have their help.I wished them a happy Thanksgiving.People stared at me， and then I heard others doing the same thing.On my way out， I told the manager how much I appreciate his store.He smiled and stood straighter， thanking me for saying that.
I rode to my comfortable， warm house and cooked a fine dinner that night.Praise was showered upon me by my family the next day， and I said that it was my pleasure.Going to the grocery store is no longer an unpleasant task.Ever since that day， I have seen it as a gift that many people in the world don’t have.Whenever I enter a store， I’m reminded of all I have to be thankful for in my life.With a heart full of gratitude， I’m beginning to offer help to others.Gratitude — it’s spreading.
6 / 6Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
The Old Man and the Sea
（Excerpt）
[1]Ernest Hemingway （1899－1961）， an American writer of novels and short stories， is well thought of① for his unique writing style.[2]He is extremely② good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed③ but not defeated④”.The Old Man and the Sea， one of his most important novels， tells the story of a fisherman named Santiago.After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days， Santiago attempts⑤ to catch a huge fish.
[1]句中an American writer of novels and short stories是Ernest Hemingway的同位语。
[2]句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词tough men，who在定语从句中作主语；he believes是插入语。
The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.[3]The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring him closer.For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side.Then he straightened⑥ himself and began another circle.
“I moved him，” the old man said.“I moved him then.”
He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain⑦ that he could.I moved him， he thought.Maybe this time I can get him over.Pull， hands， he thought.Hold up⑧， legs.Last for me， head.Last for me.You never went.This time I’ll pull him over.
[4]But when he put all of his effort on， starting it well out before the fish came alongside⑨ and pulling with all his strength， the fish pulled part way⑩ over and then righted himself and swam away.
[3]此处all是with all his strength的省略形式；that he could是定语从句，修饰先行词all；could之后省略了gather；动词不定式短语to bring him closer作目的状语。
[4]when引导时间状语从句，两个动词-ing短语starting ...and pulling ...作伴随状语；before引导时间状语从句。
“Fish，” the old man said.“Fish， you are going to have to die anyway .Do you have to kill me too？”
That way nothing is accomplished ， he thought.His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.I must get him alongside this time， he thought.I am not good for many more turns.Yes you are， he told himself.You’re good for ever.
On the next turn， he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away .
You are killing me， fish， the old man thought.But you have a right to.[5]Never have I seen a greater， or more beautiful， or a calmer or more noble thing than you， e on and kill me.I do not care who kills who.
Now you are getting confused in the head， he thought.You must keep your head clear .Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like a man.Or a fish， he thought.
“Clear up ， head，” he said in a voice he could hardly hear.“Clear up.”
Twice more it was the same on the turns.
I do not know， the old man thought.He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time.I do not know.But I will try it once more .
[6]He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.[7]The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.
[5]否定副词Never置于句首，句子使用部分倒装；“否定词never＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。
[6]and连接并列句。第二个分句中felt himself going为“feel＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；when引导时间状语从句。
[7]with the great tail weaving in the air为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，tail与weave之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
I’ll try it again， the old man promised， although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes .
He tried it again and it was the same.So he thought， and he felt himself going before he started； I will try it once again.
【读文清障】
①be well thought of 受到好评的；令人敬佩的
think well highly of sb/sth对某人/某事评价很高
②extremely adv.极其，非常，极端
extreme adj.极度的，异乎寻常的
n.极端；极度；极限
go to the extremes 走极端
③destroy vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏
④defeat vt.击败，战胜 n.失败，战败；击败
⑤attempt vt.& n.努力，尝试，试图
attempt to do sth 尝试做某事，努力做某事
⑥straighten vt.挺直；（使）变直，变正
straighten oneself 挺直身子
⑦strain n.用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负
all the strain that one could竭尽全力
⑧hold up 支撑；举起；耽搁
hold on 抓住，抓紧
⑨alongside adv.在……旁边；与……一起
⑩part way 半途，部分地
pull part way over 侧过一半身子
anyway adv.无论如何；不管怎样
accomplish vt.完成
accomplishment n.完成；成就
reach for 伸手去拿
right [熟词生义]vt.使回到正常位置，把……扶正
right oneself 竖直身子
swim away/off 游走
noble adj.贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的
a noble mind/soul 崇高的思想/高尚的心灵
come on 过来；快点；加油
confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
get confused in the head 头脑糊涂的
confusing adj.令人迷惑的
keep one’s head clear 保持头脑清醒
clear up （头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理
be on the point of doing sth
正要做某事
feel oneself go 感觉自己快不行了
try it once more 再试一次
weave vi. & vt.（weaved，weaved）迂回行进，穿行；（wove，woven）编
mushy adj.糊状的，软而稠的
flash n.闪光；闪现
vt. & vi.（使）闪光；（使）闪现
in flashes 在闪烁
【参考译文】
老人与海（节选）
欧内斯特·海明威（1899－1961），美国小说家、短篇小说作家，因其独特的写作风格而广受好评，他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被击败”。《老人与海》是他最重要的小说之一，讲述了一个名叫圣地亚哥的渔夫的故事。在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
这条鱼正打着转靠近，既冷静又美丽，只有它的大尾巴在动，老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些，有那么一小会儿，鱼稍稍偏向一边。接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。
“我拉动它了，”老人说，“我刚才拉动它了。”
现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。我拉动它了，他想，也许这次我能搞定它。手，快点拉，他想。腿，挺住。脑袋，拜托坚持住。你从来没有误过事。这次我要把它拉过来。
但是，大鱼还不曾游到船边，他便使尽平生力气，拼命拉扯，大鱼被拉歪了一点，然后正正身子，游开了。
“鱼啊，”老人说，“鱼啊，反正你都得死。你非要把我也杀了吗？”
这样下去要一无所获了，他想。他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝，我这次一定要把它拉到船边，他想。它再多转几圈，我就不行了。不，你行，他告诉自己。你永远都行。
在接下来的一圈，他差点就把它拉过来了。但是这鱼又正了正身子，慢慢游走了。
你快弄死我了，鱼啊，老人想。不过你有权这么做。我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。来，杀了我吧。我不在乎谁弄死谁。
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。你必须保持头脑清醒，保持头脑清醒，要像条汉子，懂得怎么受苦。或者像条鱼，他想。
“清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒起来。”
那鱼跟之前一样，又转了两圈。
我不明白，老人想。每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。我不明白。但我还要再试一次。
他又试了一次，当他把鱼拉转过来时，他感觉自己快不行了。鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
我要再试一下，老人答应自己，尽管他的双手这时已经软弱无力，而且大部分时间双眼都看不清。
他又试了一次，依然如故。还没动手他就感觉要不行了，他这样想，我还要再试一次。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Where is the story set？（ ）
A.On the shore. B.On the sea.
C.In the kitchen. D.On the land.
2.Who did the old man say “Clear up， head” to？（ ）
A.Himself. B.The fish.
C.His fellow worker. D.His wife.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the fisherman？（ ）
A.The fisherman hadn’t been defeated.
B.The fisherman was playing a cat-and-mouse game.
C.The fisherman was exhausted and on the point of giving up.
D.The fisherman nearly got killed on several occasions.
4.What’s the right order of the events？（ ）
①The old man felt faint again but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could.
②The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring the fish closer.
③The fish was coming in on his circle calm and beautiful looking， his great tail moving.
④The old man’s mouth was too dry to speak.
⑤The fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.
A.③①②⑤④ B.③②①⑤④
C.③②①④⑤ D.②③①⑤④
5.What is the tone of the story？（ ）
A.Happy. B.Joyful.
C.Humorous. D.Sad.
6.The theme of this story might be linked with .（ ）
A.morals and values
B.human spirit
C.man and nature
D.environmental protection
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）形容词＋-ly→副词
extreme→extremely adv.极其，非常，极端
slight→slightly adv.稍微，略微
loose→loosely adv.宽松地
complete→completely adv.完全地
exact→exactly adv.恰好
entire→entirely adv.完全地
anxious→anxiously adv.焦虑地
calm→calmly adv.冷静地
definite→definitely adv.肯定
eager→eagerly adv.热切地
fortunate→fortunately adv.幸亏
immediate→immediately adv.立即，马上
（2）形容词＋-en→动词
straight adj.直的＋-en→straighten vt.挺直；（使）变直，变正
例如：broad→broaden v.变宽；变阔
weak→weaken v.削弱；（使）减弱
short→shorten v.缩短；（使）变短
black→blacken v.（使）变黑
quick→quicken v.（使）变快；增速
soft→soften v.缓和；减轻；变软
hard→harden v.（使）硬化；变硬
less→lessen v.减弱；（使）变小
worse→worsen v.（使）恶化
sharp→sharpen v.（使）变得锋利
deep→deepen v.（使情感、感觉等）加强
wide→widen v.（使）变宽；加宽
red→redden v.（使）变红
light→lighten v.减轻，减少
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
对话描写能够刻画人物的性格，生动再现故事发生地的语言场景，使情节更加引人入胜。本篇课文多处使用对话，请找出你最喜欢的几处。
（1）
（2）
（3）
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
attempt vt.& n.努力，尝试，试图
【教材原句】 After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days， Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
【用法】
（1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
（2）attempt to do sth＝try/seek to do sth努力做某事，试图做某事
（3）attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的
the attempted murder 谋杀未遂
【佳句】 Every time I attempt to convince her， but in vain.
每一次我都试图说服她，但都不起作用。
She made an attempt to overcome her weakness.她努力克服自己的缺点。
【点津】 attempt/try/seek to do sth表示“努力做某事”，不一定成功；而manage to do sth则表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He attempted （compete） for the position of chairman of the Students’ Union.
②It is said that the case is an （attempt） murder.
③Parents are making attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they have.
④If you fail the first attempt， there is no need to care about that.
【写美】 同义句转换
⑤He attempted to pass the exam， but failed in the end.
→He the exam， but failed in the end.（attempt n.）
hold up 支撑；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起
【教材原句】 Pull， hands， he thought.Hold up， legs.手，快点拉，他想。腿，挺住。
【用法】
hold back 阻挡；抑制；控制
hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住
hold on to 抓紧，不放开；坚持；保留
hold out （在困境中）坚持；伸出；维持
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
hold the line （打电话时）等待，不挂断
【佳句】 He held up the map so it could be seen more clearly.
他举起地图，这样可以看得更清楚些。
【练透】 用hold的相关短语填空
①The train he took was for over 2 hours.
②Hearing her grandmother’s death， she couldn’t her tears.
③When he left the telephone to find a pencil，he asked me to .
【写美】 翻译句子
④她举起手示意安静。
confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
【教材原句】 Now you are getting confused in the head， he thought.你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。
【用法】
（1）be confused about 对……感到迷惑
（2）confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑，混淆
confuse ... with/and ... 把……和……混淆
（3）confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的
confusion n. 混乱；困惑
【佳句】 The teacher is explaining what we are confused about.
老师正在讲解我们迷惑不解的问题。
The confused look on her face suggested she was confused about the confusing instructions.
她脸上困惑的表情表明她对那些令人困惑的说明感到困惑。
【点津】 confused常用来修饰人或人的情感；confusing常用来修饰事物。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I always confuse you your twin sister — you two look so alike.
②The film is so （confuse） that I can’t understand it.
③Some of the questions he asked were very （confuse）.
④From the （confuse） look on his face， I could tell that he couldn’t follow me.
【写美】 句式升级
⑤He was confused with the present situation so he was at a loss what to do next.
→
， he was at a loss what to do
next.（形容词短语作状语）
clear up （头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理；（天气）放晴，变晴朗；解决；治愈
【教材原句】 “Clear up， head，” he said in a voice he could hardly hear.“Clear up.”
“清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒起来。”
【用法】
（1）clear v. 移走，清除；（使）变清醒；放晴
clear away 把……清除掉（以留出空间）；（尤指）收拾餐具；澄清
clear off 离开；逃离；逃跑
clear out 把……清空；清理；丢掉
（2）clear adj. 明白的，清楚的；未接触的；无阻碍的；晴朗的
be clear about 明白
make clear 显示；解释清楚
it is clear＋that/wh-从句 ……是清楚的
【佳句】 It is raining now， but I think it will clear up soon.
现在还在下雨，不过我想天很快就会放晴。
【练透】 完成句子
①This skin disease will .
这种皮肤病一两天之内就会好的。
②The man when a nurse asked who he was.
当一名护士问他是谁时，那人突然走开了。
③The waitress had and brought coffee.
女服务生收拾走盘子，端来了咖啡。
【写美】 翻译句子
④雨依然下，而且没有放晴的迹象。
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：too ...to ...太……而不能……
【教材原句】 His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.
他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝。
【用法】
too ...to ...常用于too＋形容词/副词（＋for sb/sth）＋to ...结构中，表示“（对某人/某物来说）太……以至于不能……”。
（1）too前有not、 never等否定词时，整个句子表示肯定意义。
（2）too前有only、 all、 but时，肯定语气加强，相当于very或very much。
（3）too后面的形容词是anxious、 ready、 eager、 pleased、 glad、 satisfied等表示心理活动、情感态度的词语时，句子表示肯定意义。
【品悟】 When I was a young boy， I was too shy to talk to anyone.
当我是个小男孩的时候，我太腼腆，不敢与任何人说话。
【写美】 完成句子/翻译句子
①This room is so many people.
这个房间太小了，容不下这么多人。
②This book is .
这本书太难了，我读不懂。
③You can never be .
开车时，你越小心越好。
④这位母亲太感动了，无法控制眼泪，伸出双臂搂住她的孩子们。
句型公式：否定副词 never位于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Never have I seen a greater， or more beautiful， or a calmer or more noble thing than you， brother.我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。
【用法】
（1）否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
（2）常用的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语还有not、 little、 seldom、 hardly、 scarcely、 neither、 nor、 at no time、 by no means、 in no case、 in no way、 on no condition等。
【品悟】 Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
她以前从来没有见过有人可以打网球打得和罗伯特一样好。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级
① have time to listen to music.
她几乎没时间听音乐。
② his own safety， though he was in great danger himself.
尽管他自己正处于巨大的危险中，他却几乎不关心自己的安全。
③The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
→
（部分倒装）
句型公式：with复合结构作状语
【教材原句】 The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
【用法】
（1）句中with the great tail weaving in the air是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作伴随状语。该结构作状语时还可以表示原因、条件等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。
（2）with复合结构的具体构成：
with＋宾语＋
【品悟】 The boy rushed into the room， with his face covered with sweat.
那个男孩满脸是汗地冲进屋来。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级
①David stood there .
大卫低着头站在那儿。
②The family live in a house .
那家人住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。
③I can’t go out .
所有这些碟子都要洗，我不能出去。
④As time went by， the woman gradually forgot that accident.
→ ， the woman gradually forgot that accident.（with复合结构）
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.introduction 2.faint 3.confused 4.going 5.gave up
第二步
1－6 BAABDC
第三步
2.（1）“I moved him，” the old man said.“I moved him then.”
（2）“Fish，” the old man said.“Fish， you are going to have to die anyway.Do you have to kill me too？”
（3）“Clear up， head，” he said in a voice he could hardly hear.“Clear up.”
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to compete ②attempted ③an ④at
⑤made an attempt at passing/to pass
2.①held up ②hold back ③hold on
④She held up her hand for silence.
3.①with/and ②confusing ③confusing ④confused
⑤Confused with the present situation
4.①clear up in a day or two ②suddenly cleared off
③cleared away the plates
④The rain is still falling and there’s no sign to clear up.
Part Ⅱ
1.①too small to hold ②too difficult for me to understand ③too careful to drive ④The mother was too moved to control her tears and threw her arms around her children.
2.①Hardly does she ②Little did he care about
③By no means is the problem as simple as we first thought.
3.①with his head down ②with many flowers around it
③with all these dishes to wash ④With time going by(共111张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解 · 释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The Old Man and the Sea
（Excerpt）
[1]Ernest Hemingway （1899－1961）， an American writer of
novels and short stories， is well thought of① for his unique writing
style.[2]He is extremely② good at describing the adventures of tough
men who he believes “can be destroyed③ but not defeated④”.The Old
Man and the Sea， one of his most important novels， tells the story of a
fisherman named Santiago.After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four
days， Santiago attempts⑤ to catch a huge fish.
[1]句中an American writer of novels and short stories是Ernest
Hemingway的同位语。
[2]句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词tough men，who在定语
从句中作主语；he believes是插入语。
【读文清障】
①be well thought of 受到好评的；令人敬佩的
think well highly of sb/sth对某人/某事评价很高
②extremely adv.极其，非常，极端
extreme adj.极度的，异乎寻常的
n.极端；极度；极限
go to the extremes 走极端
③destroy vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏
④defeat vt.击败，战胜 n.失败，战败；击败
⑤attempt vt.& n.努力，尝试，试图
attempt to do sth 尝试做某事，努力做某事
The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking
and only his great tail moving.[3]The old man pulled on him all that he
could to bring him closer.For just a moment the fish turned a little on his
side.Then he straightened⑥ himself and began another circle.
“I moved him，” the old man said.“I moved him then.”
He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain⑦
that he could.I moved him， he thought.Maybe this time I can get him
over.Pull， hands， he thought.Hold up⑧， legs.Last for me，
head.Last for me.You never went.This time I’ll pull him over.
[4]But when he put all of his effort on， starting it well out before
the fish came alongside⑨ and pulling with all his strength， the fish pulled
part way⑩ over and then righted himself and swam away.
[3]此处all是with all his strength的省略形式；that he could是定语
从句，修饰先行词all；could之后省略了gather；动词不定式短语to
bring him closer作目的状语。
[4]when引导时间状语从句，两个动词-ing短语starting ...and
pulling ...作伴随状语；before引导时间状语从句。
⑥straighten vt.挺直；（使）变直，变正
straighten oneself 挺直身子
⑦strain n.用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负
all the strain that one could竭尽全力
⑧hold up 支撑；举起；耽搁
hold on 抓住，抓紧
⑨alongside adv.在……旁边；与……一起
⑩part way 半途，部分地
pull part way over 侧过一半身子
“Fish，” the old man said.“Fish， you are going to have to die
anyway .Do you have to kill me too？”
That way nothing is accomplished ， he thought.His mouth was
too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.I must get him
alongside this time， he thought.I am not good for many more turns.Yes
you are， he told himself.You’re good for ever.
On the next turn， he nearly had him.But again the fish righted
himself and swam slowly away .
You are killing me， fish， the old man thought.But you have a right
to.[5]Never have I seen a greater， or more beautiful， or a calmer or
more noble thing than you， e on and kill me.I do not
care who kills who.
Now you are getting confused in the head， he thought.You must
keep your head clear .Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like
a man.Or a fish， he thought.
“Clear up ， head，” he said in a voice he could hardly
hear.“Clear up.”
Twice more it was the same on the turns.
I do not know， the old man thought.He had been on the point of
feeling himself go each time.I do not know.But I will try it once more .
[6]He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the
fish.[7]The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great
tail weaving in the air.
[5]否定副词Never置于句首，句子使用部分倒装；“否定词
never＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。
[6]and连接并列句。第二个分句中felt himself going为“feel＋宾
语＋宾语补足语”结构；when引导时间状语从句。
[7]with the great tail weaving in the air为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足
语”结构，tail与weave之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
anyway adv.无论如何；不管怎样
accomplish vt.完成
accomplishment n.完成；成就
reach for 伸手去拿
right [熟词生义]vt.使回到正常位置，把……扶正
right oneself 竖直身子
swim away/off 游走
noble adj.贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的
a noble mind/soul 崇高的思想/高尚的心灵
come on 过来；快点；加油
confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
get confused in the head 头脑糊涂的
confusing adj.令人迷惑的
keep one’s head clear 保持头脑清醒
clear up （头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理
be on the point of doing sth正要做某事
feel oneself go 感觉自己快不行了
try it once more 再试一次
weave vi. & vt.（weaved，weaved）
迂回行进，穿行；（wove，woven）编
I’ll try it again， the old man promised， although his hands were
mushy now and he could only see well in flashes .
He tried it again and it was the same.So he thought， and he felt
himself going before he started； I will try it once again.
mushy adj.糊状的，软而稠的
flash n.闪光；闪现
vt. & vi.（使）闪光；（使）闪现
in flashes 在闪烁
【参考译文】
老人与海（节选）
欧内斯特·海明威（1899－1961），美国小说家、短篇小说作家，
因其独特的写作风格而广受好评，他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经
历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被击败”。《老人与海》是
他最重要的小说之一，讲述了一个名叫圣地亚哥的渔夫的故事。在两
手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
这条鱼正打着转靠近，既冷静又美丽，只有它的大尾巴在动，老
人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些，有那么一小会儿，鱼稍稍偏向一
边。接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。
“我拉动它了，”老人说，“我刚才拉动它了。”
现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。我拉动它
了，他想，也许这次我能搞定它。手，快点拉，他想。腿，挺住。脑
袋，拜托坚持住。你从来没有误过事。这次我要把它拉过来。
但是，大鱼还不曾游到船边，他便使尽平生力气，拼命拉扯，大
鱼被拉歪了一点，然后正正身子，游开了。
“鱼啊，”老人说，“鱼啊，反正你都得死。你非要把我也杀了
吗？”
这样下去要一无所获了，他想。他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现
在不能伸手去拿水喝，我这次一定要把它拉到船边，他想。它再多转
几圈，我就不行了。不，你行，他告诉自己。你永远都行。
在接下来的一圈，他差点就把它拉过来了。但是这鱼又正了正身
子，慢慢游走了。
你快弄死我了，鱼啊，老人想。不过你有权这么做。我从没见过
比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。来，杀了我
吧。我不在乎谁弄死谁。
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。你必须保持头脑清醒，保持头
脑清醒，要像条汉子，懂得怎么受苦。或者像条鱼，他想。
“清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒
起来。”
那鱼跟之前一样，又转了两圈。
我不明白，老人想。每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。我不明白。但
我还要再试一次。
他又试了一次，当他把鱼拉转过来时，他感觉自己快不行了。鱼
正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
我要再试一下，老人答应自己，尽管他的双手这时已经软弱无
力，而且大部分时间双眼都看不清。
他又试了一次，依然如故。还没动手他就感觉要不行了，他这样
想，我还要再试一次。
文本透析 · 剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill
in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. Where is the story set？（ ）
A. On the shore. B. On the sea.
C. In the kitchen. D. On the land.
2. Who did the old man say “Clear up， head” to？（ ）
A. Himself. B. The fish.
C. His fellow worker. D. His wife.
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the fisherman？
（ ）
A. The fisherman hadn’t been defeated.
B. The fisherman was playing a cat-and-mouse game.
C. The fisherman was exhausted and on the point of giving up.
D. The fisherman nearly got killed on several occasions.
4. What’s the right order of the events？（ ）
①The old man felt faint again but he held on the great fish all the strain
that he could.
②The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring the fish closer.
③The fish was coming in on his circle calm and beautiful looking， his
great tail moving.
④The old man’s mouth was too dry to speak.
⑤The fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam
away.
A. ③①②⑤④ B. ③②①⑤④
C. ③②①④⑤ D. ②③①⑤④
5. What is the tone of the story？（ ）
A. Happy. B. Joyful.
C. Humorous. D. Sad.
6. The theme of this story might be linked with .（ ）
A. morals and values
B. human spirit
C. man and nature
D. environmental protection
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）形容词＋-ly→副词
extreme→extremely adv.极其，非常，极端
slight→slightly adv.稍微，略微
loose→loosely adv.宽松地
complete→completely adv.完全地
exact→exactly adv.恰好
entire→entirely adv.完全地
anxious→anxiously adv.焦虑地
calm→calmly adv.冷静地
definite→definitely adv.肯定
eager→eagerly adv.热切地
fortunate→fortunately adv.幸亏
immediate→immediately adv.立即，马上
（2）形容词＋-en→动词
straight adj.直的＋-en→straighten vt.挺直；（使）变
直，变正
例如：broad→broaden v.变宽；变阔
weak→weaken v.削弱；（使）减弱
short→shorten v.缩短；（使）变短
black→blacken v.（使）变黑
quick→quicken v.（使）变快；增速
soft→soften v.缓和；减轻；变软
hard→harden v.（使）硬化；变硬
less→lessen v.减弱；（使）变小
worse→worsen v.（使）恶化
sharp→sharpen v.（使）变得锋利
deep→deepen v.（使情感、感觉等）加强
wide→widen v.（使）变宽；加宽
red→redden v.（使）变红
light→lighten v.减轻，减少
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
对话描写能够刻画人物的性格，生动再现故事发生地的语言场景，
使情节更加引人入胜。本篇课文多处使用对话，请找出你最喜欢的
几处。
（1）
（2）
（3）
“I moved him，” the old man said.“I moved him
then.”
“Fish，” the old man said.“Fish， you are going to have
to die anyway.Do you have to kill me too？”
“Clear up， head，” he said in a voice he could hardly
hear.“Clear up.”
核心知识·巧突破探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
attempt vt.& n.努力，尝试，试图
【教材原句】 After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days，
Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.
在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
【用法】
（1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
（2）attempt to do sth＝try/seek to do sth 努力做某事，试图做某事
（3）attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的
the attempted murder 谋杀未遂
【佳句】 Every time I attempt to convince her， but in vain.每一次我
都试图说服她，但都不起作用。
She made an attempt to overcome her weakness.
她努力克服自己的缺点。
【点津】 attempt/try/seek to do sth表示“努力做某事”，不一定成
功；而manage to do sth则表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He attempted （compete） for the position of chairman
of the Students’ Union.
②It is said that the case is an （attempt） murder.
③Parents are making attempt to protect their kids by giving
whatever they have.
④If you fail the first attempt， there is no need to care about that.
to compete
attempted
an
at
【写美】 同义句转换
⑤He attempted to pass the exam， but failed in the end.
→He the exam， but failed in the
end.（attempt n.）
made an attempt at passing/to pass
hold up 支撑；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起
【教材原句】 Pull， hands， he thought.Hold up， legs.手，快点
拉，他想。腿，挺住。
【用法】
hold back 阻挡；抑制；控制
hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住
hold on to 抓紧，不放开；坚持；保留
hold out （在困境中）坚持；伸出；维持
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
hold the line （打电话时）等待，不挂断
【佳句】 He held up the map so it could be seen more clearly.他举起
地图，这样可以看得更清楚些。
【练透】 用hold的相关短语填空
①The train he took was for over 2 hours.
②Hearing her grandmother’s death， she couldn’t her
tears.
③When he left the telephone to find a pencil，he asked me to
.
【写美】 翻译句子
④她举起手示意安静。
held up
hold back
hold
on
She held up her hand for silence.
confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
【教材原句】 Now you are getting confused in the head， he thought.
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。
【用法】
（1）be confused about 对……感到迷惑
（2）confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑，混淆
confuse ... with/and ... 把……和……混淆
（3）confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的
confusion n. 混乱；困惑
【佳句】 The teacher is explaining what we are confused about.
老师正在讲解我们迷惑不解的问题。
The confused look on her face suggested she was confused about the
confusing instructions.
她脸上困惑的表情表明她对那些令人困惑的说明感到困惑。
【点津】 confused常用来修饰人或人的情感；confusing常用来修饰
事物。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I always confuse you your twin sister — you two look so
alike.
②The film is so （confuse） that I can’t understand it.
③Some of the questions he asked were very （confuse）.
④From the （confuse） look on his face，I could tell that
he couldn’t follow me.
with/and
confusing
confusing
confused
【写美】 句式升级
⑤He was confused with the present situation so he was at a loss what to do
next.
→ ， he was at a loss what to do
next.（形容词短语作状语）
Confused with the present situation
clear up （头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理；（天气）放晴，变晴朗；
解决；治愈
【教材原句】 “Clear up， head，” he said in a voice he could
hardly hear.“Clear up.”
“清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒起
来。”
（1）clear v. 移走，清除；（使）变清醒；放晴
clear away 把……清除掉（以留出空间）；
（尤指）收拾餐具；澄清
clear off 离开；逃离；逃跑
clear out 把……清空；清理；丢掉
（2）clear adj. 明白的，清楚的；未接触的；
无阻碍的；晴朗的
be clear about 明白
make clear 显示；解释清楚
it is clear＋that/wh-从句 ……是清楚的
【用法】
【练透】 完成句子
①This skin disease will .
这种皮肤病一两天之内就会好的。
②The man when a nurse asked who he was.
当一名护士问他是谁时，那人突然走开了。
③The waitress had and brought coffee.
女服务生收拾走盘子，端来了咖啡。
【佳句】It is raining now， but I think it will clear up soon.
现在还在下雨，不过我想天很快就会放晴。
clear up in a day or two
suddenly cleared off
cleared away the plates
【写美】 翻译句子
④雨依然下，而且没有放晴的迹象。
The rain is still falling and there’s no sign to clear up.
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：too ...to ...太……而不能……
【教材原句】 His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach
for the water now.
他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝。
【用法】
too ...to ...常用于too＋形容词/副词（＋for sb/sth）＋to ...结构
中，表示“（对某人/某物来说）太……以至于不能……”。
（1）too前有not、 never等否定词时，整个句子表示肯定意义。
（2）too前有only、 all、 but时，肯定语气加强，相当于very或very
much。
（3）too后面的形容词是anxious、 ready、 eager、 pleased、
glad、 satisfied等表示心理活动、情感态度的词语时，句子
表示肯定意义。
【品悟】 When I was a young boy， I was too shy to talk
to anyone.当我是个小男孩的时候，我太腼腆，不敢与任何
人说话。
【写美】 完成句子/翻译句子
①This room is so many people.
这个房间太小了，容不下这么多人。
②This book is .
这本书太难了，我读不懂。
③You can never be .
开车时，你越小心越好。
④这位母亲太感动了，无法控制眼泪，伸出双臂搂住她的孩子们。
too small to hold
too difficult for me to understand
too careful to drive
The mother was too moved to control her tears and threw her arms around
her children.
句型公式：否定副词 never位于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Never have I seen a greater， or more beautiful， or a
calmer or more noble thing than you， brother.我从没见过比你更巨大、
更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。
【用法】
（1）否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装，即把助动词、情
态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
（2）常用的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语还有not、 little、
seldom、 hardly、 scarcely、 neither、 nor、 at no time、 by no
means、 in no case、 in no way、 on no condition等。
【品悟】 Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as
well as Robert.
她以前从来没有见过有人可以打网球打得和罗伯特一样好。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级
① have time to listen to music.
她几乎没时间听音乐。
② his own safety， though he was in great
danger himself.
尽管他自己正处于巨大的危险中，他却几乎不关心自己的安全。
Hardly does she
Little did he care about
③The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
→ （部分
倒装）
By no means is the problem as simple as we first thought.
句型公式：with复合结构作状语
【教材原句】 The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with
the great tail weaving in the air.
鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
【用法】
（1）句中with the great tail weaving in the air是“with＋宾语＋宾语补
足语”结构，在句中作伴随状语。该结构作状语时还可以表示
原因、条件等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。
（2）with复合结构的具体构成：
with＋宾语＋
【品悟】 The boy rushed into the room， with his face covered with
sweat.
那个男孩满脸是汗地冲进屋来。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级
①David stood there .
大卫低着头站在那儿。
②The family live in a house .
那家人住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。
③I can’t go out .
所有这些碟子都要洗，我不能出去。
with his head down
with many flowers around it
with all these dishes to wash
④As time went by， the woman gradually forgot that accident.
→ ， the woman gradually forgot that accident.
（with复合结构）
With time going by
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. A sudden f of lightning lit up everything in the room for a
second.
2. Darcy， the main character in Pride and Prejudice， manages to
d his pride as he falls deeply in love with Elizabeth.
3. After the earthquake， nearly everything was d .
lash
efeat
estroyed
4. As we know， the great scientist is a man of n mind.
5. The new restaurant is e popular， so you ought to book a
table in advance.
6. After repeated a ， they finally succeeded.
7. （挺直） up slowly， then repeat the exercise ten
times.
8. To his delight， the author has （完成） his
biography ahead of schedule.
oble
xtremely
ttempts
Straighten
accomplished
9. The children gave a （不清楚的） description of what
had happened.
10. He found success as an actor in the film Space Jam
（与……一起）the famous cartoon character Bugs Bunny！
confused
alongside
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Two years ago， he published a （collect） of short
stories.
2. Writing （poet） freed her from the routine of everyday
life.
3. Even though the book is helpful， however， I still feel
（confuse）.
4. He was a warm， （generosity） and kind-hearted man.
collection
poetry
confused
generous
5. No matter what the season is， it’s （extreme）
important to wear sunglasses.
6. Marie Curie made herself known to the world through her
scientific （accomplish）.
7. Try not to lean against anything and （straight） your
back.
8. This species has nearly died out because its habitat is
being （destroy） now.
extremely
accomplishments
straighten
destroyed
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 当熊走近时，我感到混乱，不知道该做什么。（what引导宾语
从句）
When the bear was approaching， I got confused，not knowing
.
2. 他们几乎没有意识到他们在科学领域有了一个重大发现。（部
分倒装）
that they had made an important discovery in
science.
what
I should do
Little did they realize
3. 我正要上床睡觉，这时门铃响了。（be on the point of
doing ...when ...）
the door bell rang.
4. 随着冬天的临近，是时候买暖和的衣服了。（with复合结构）
，it’s time to buy warm clothes.
5. 直到凌晨4点，他才睡着了。（部分倒装）
Not until 4：00 in the morning .
6. 在所有的动物中，我尤其害怕熊。（particular）
Of all the animals， I’m afraid of .
I was on the point of going to bed when
With winter approaching
did he fall asleep
bears in particular
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
The old man pulled on him all that he could 1.
（bring） him closer when the fish was coming in on his circle.He
2. （straight） himself and began another circle.He felt
faint again but he held 3. the great fish all the strain that he
could.Though he put all of his effort on， 4. （pull） with all
his strength， the fish swam away.
to bring
straightened
on
pulling
That way nothing 5. （accomplish）， he
thought.This time he nearly had him and again the fish righted himself and
swam slowly away.Never has he seen a 6. （great）， or
more beautiful， or a calmer or more noble thing than him.Now he was
getting 7. （confuse） in the head.He must keep his head
clear.He said to himself “Clear 8. ， head.” Twice more it was
the same on the turns.He had been 9. the point of feeling himself
go each time.He tried it more again and it was the same.He felt himself
10. （go） before starting again， but he will try it once again.
is accomplished
greater
confused
up
on
going
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Eric Carle， the author behind The Very Hungry Caterpillar and
dozens of other children’s books， has passed away at the age of 91. Mr
Carle’s lively， creative and colourful works were loved by children
around the world.
Mr Carle was the author or illustrator of over 70 books for children，
including The Grouchy Ladybug， The Mixed-Up Chameleon and Papa，
Please Get the Moon for Me.The Very Hungry Caterpillar was Mr
Carle’s best-known book.It was published in 1969.Since then， over 55
million copies of the book have been sold， and it has been translated into
more than 70 different languages.
Mr Carle was born in Syracuse， New York in 1929.His parents were
German.As he was growing up， Mr Carle spent a lot of time with his
father， who would take him out walking in nature.His father would show
him small creatures， explaining their life cycles and filling the young
boy’s head with wonder.
Mr Carle thinks this helps explain why so many of his books are about
nature.Many are about bugs like crickets， fireflies， ladybugs and
butterflies.Others are about animals， like foxes， squirrels， kangaroos
and bears.
In 1952， Mr Carle got a job as a graphic designer at The New York
Times.Author Bill Martin， Jr asked Mr Carle to illustrate a story he had
written.Brown Bear， Brown Bear， What Do You See？was the result of
their cooperation， which is Mr Carle’s first try.The book came out in
1967 and was a big hit.After that， he created many children’s books
that were very popular with children.
Most of Mr Carle’s books are meant for younger readers.He said
that he wanted to help make school a fun and welcoming place.“I believe
that children are naturally creative and eager to learn，” he said.“I want
to show them that learning is really both fascinating and fun.”
Mr Carle will be missed， and his creative art and sweet， funny
stories will continue to bring joy to very eager readers all around the
world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了儿童文学作家埃里克·卡
尔的生平及他的作品。
1. When was The Very Hungry Caterpillar published？（ ）
A. In 1929. B. In 1952.
C. In 1967. D. In 1969.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The Very Hungry
Caterpillar was Mr Carle’s best-known book.It was published in
1969.可知，《好饿的毛毛虫》一书出版于1969年。
2. Why are most of Mr Carle’s books about nature according to him？
（ ）
A. His parents grew up in the countryside.
B. His father led him close to nature.
C. Nature gave him a lot of inspiration.
D. The topic on nature is child-friendly.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段内容及第四段中的Mr Carle
thinks this helps explain why so many of his books are about nature.可
知，卡尔的书大部分是关于自然这一主题是因为在他成长的过程中
他的父亲经常带他亲近大自然。
3. Which of the following is the first picture book illustrated by Eric
Carle？（ ）
A. The Mixed-Up Chameleon.
B. The Very Hungry Caterpillar.
C. Papa， Please Get the Moon for Me.
D. Brown Bear， Brown Bear， What Do You See？
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Brown Bear， Brown
Bear， What Do You See？... which is Mr Carle’s first try.可知，
埃里克·卡尔的第一本绘本是《棕熊，棕熊，你看到了什么？》。
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？（ ）
A. To remember a great writer.
B. To introduce children’s books.
C. To encourage kids to read more.
D. To draw more concern for kids.
解析： 写作意图题。根据第一段内容及下文对埃里克·卡尔生平
和作品的介绍可知，本文讲述了一位儿童文学作家的成长及创作经
历。再结合最后一段内容可知，作者写本文的目的是纪念这位多产
的伟大作家。
B
When I talk to kids about writing， I often compare it to the roller
coaster to remind them to mix laughs with thrills in writing， because
nobody wants to ride a roller coaster that is long， never-ending and
terrifying.Even Shakespeare， in his darkest tragedies， opens each act
with a funny scene before the swords and daggers or poison come out.We
need comic relief in literature， a break in the tension.
I have always tried to write stories for kids that mix the heart-racing
thrill of a mystery with a few jokes.Maybe this is because， when I was in
the fifth and sixth grades， the fun comic magazine was my favourite
reading material.Then in high school， I was the class clown.When I first
moved to New York City， I performed with one of the city’s top
comedy edy， I have discovered， is a great teaching tool.It
is also a wonderful defense against fear.
One of my favourite e-mails I’ve ever received was sent to me in
2009 by a young reader who loved my stories.Here’s what he wrote：
Dear Mr Grabenstein，
I just want to let you know that I really， absolutely love your
books.I’m in 6th grade and recently have finished The Hanging Hill after
reading The Crossroads.Your stories mix action， humour and horror
together in a perfect combination.
Thanks so much！
Will R.
Comedy is a writer’s tool for releasing tension and it also simply
makes books more fun to read.I used humour in my novel The Island of
Dr. Libris to make classic literature feel more accessible to young
readers.I also think it’s why so many reluctant readers — including kids
who haven’t read a book in years — have been crazy about Escape from
Mr Lemoncello’s Library and Mr Lemoncello’s Library
Olympics.Learning the Dewey Decimal System in the class can be fun if it
is presented in a funny way.Because when we’re laughing， we never
think we’re working too hard.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的阅读和写作经历告诉热爱写作的人们：无论你创作什么类型的作品，都要学会使用幽默。
5. Why does the author mention the e-mail from a student in Paragraph
3？（ ）
A. To prove a theory.
B. To explain a concept.
C. To support his opinion.
D. To introduce the topic.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of my ... loved my
stories.可知，作者提到这封邮件是为了证明自己的观点和写作方
式深受读者喜爱。
6. Which of the following best describes Dewey Decimal System in the
last paragraph？（ ）
A. Efficient. B. Boring.
C. Simple. D. Effective.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Learning the Dewey
Decimal System ... in a funny way.可以推断，杜威十进制系统应
该是无聊的，但是如果可以以一种有趣的方式呈现的话，或许就有
意思了。
7. Where is the text probably from？（ ）
A. A literature textbook.
B. An autobiography.
C. A writing guidebook.
D. A writing outline.
解析： 文章出处题。根据第一段内容和最后一段首句可以判
断，本文主要讲述了如何写作可以让读者更有兴趣阅读，这篇文章
可能出自写作指南。
8. Which can be a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A. Fun， an Element in Writing
B. Magazine， a Guide to Writing
C. Imagination， the Soul of Writing
D. The Clown Suit， a Decoration for Writing
解析： 标题归纳题。第一段提出We need comic relief in
literature， a break in the tension.的观点；第二、三段又以自
己的亲身经历告诉读者，幽默的文风可以吸引读者；第四段再
次强调Comedy is a writer’s tool for releasing tension and it
also simply makes books more fun to read.的观点，故A项最适
合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Victor Hugo’s novel Les Mis rables was first published in
France in 1862 and has been a popular novel ever since.It has been 9
for the stage and screen many times.It is a comment on society and on
the 10 of people through the tale of a man whose life is changed by an
act of forgiveness.Forgiveness is a（n） 11 repeated throughout the
novel.
12 in the early 19th century in France， the novel records the ups
and downs of the prisoner Jean Valjean， a man who has spent nineteen
years in prison for 13 a piece of bread to feed his sister’s hungry
children and made many attempted escapes.After being allowed to come
out of prison， Valjean cannot get a job because nobody wants to give a
job to a former prisoner. 14 ， his life changes when a priest forgives
him for stealing from a church.
15 the priest forgives him， he goes out and steals some money from a
child.He soon remembers the priest’s forgiveness and 16 what he
has done.He searches for the 17 to return the money but now it is
too 18 — the police are searching for him.If they catch him， he will
spent the 19 of his life in prison.To 20 the police， he changes
his name from Valjean to Madeleine and eventually becomes a 21
man and even a mayor of a town.In his role as a mayor， he helps a
woman called Fantine and promises to take care of her daughter， Cosette.
He treats Cosette like his own daughter and risks his safety for her
happiness.Valjean’s new life becomes 22 when a policeman guesses
who Valjean really is and wants to send him back to prison.What follows
is a long 23 of cat and mouse which eventually takes Valjean into the
dangerous streets of Paris during the 1832 Revolution.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维克多·雨果的小说
《悲惨世界》的主要内容。
9. A. adopted B. approved
C. adapted D. adjusted
解析： 根据for the stage and screen many times可知，此处指这部
小说多次被改编，搬上舞台和银幕。adapt改编；adopt采纳；收
养；approve赞成；adjust调整；校正。
10. A. love B. nature
C. thought D. wish
解析： 根据下文讲述的故事可知，小说围绕主人公冉·阿让的
经历展开，结合法国十九世纪初期的时代背景，反映了当时的社
会状况，刻画了人的本性，因此本书是对社会和人的本性的写
照。nature本性；love 爱；thought 思考；wish愿望。
11. A. event B. noun C. theme D. name
解析： 根据repeated throughout the novel可知，此处指宽恕是
该小说的主题。theme主题；event 事件；noun名词；name名字。
12. A. Set B. Placed C. Said D. Told
解析： 根据in the early 19th century in France可知，此处是指该
小说以19世纪初的法国为背景。set以……为背景。
13. A. buying B. accepting
C. wanting D. stealing
解析： 根据下文的forgives him for stealing from a church可知，
此处是指冉·阿让因为偷面包而入狱。steal 偷。buy 买；accept 接
受；want 想要。
14. A. Therefore B. However
C. So D. Thus
解析： 根据上文可知，冉·阿让出狱后生活潦倒，找不到工
作；再根据设空处后的his life changes可知，在获得原谅后他的生
活发生了变化，因此上下文为转折关系。however然而；但是；
therefore 因此；so 所以；thus因此。
15. A. After B. Before C. Until D. If
解析： 根据下文He soon remembers the priest’s forgiveness可
知，冉·阿让在牧师原谅他后，又出去偷钱。
16. A. realizes B. remembers
C. regrets D. recalls
解析： 根据下文的to return the money可知，冉·阿让后悔自己
再一次偷窃，想把钱还回去。regret后悔；realize意识到；实现；
remember记得；recall回忆起。
17. A. priest B. policeman
C. mayor D. child
解析： 根据上文的he goes out and steals some money from a
child可知，冉·阿让偷了一个孩子的钱，因此他要寻找这个孩子，
把钱还给他。
18. A. early B. sad C. sorry D. late
解析： 根据空后的the police are searching for him可知，此处指
为时已晚，警察已经开始搜捕他了。
19. A. rest B. whole C. best D. worst
解析： 根据上文a man who has spent nineteen years in prison可
知，冉·阿让已经坐过一次牢，如果再次被抓，冉·阿让将在监狱度
过剩下的人生。
20. A. catch B. avoid C. beg D. respect
解析： 根据下文的he changes his name from Valjean to
Madeleine可知，冉·阿让改名字是为了避免被警察抓到，即躲
避警察。avoid 躲避；避开；catch赶上；抓住；beg 祈求；
respect 尊重。
21. A. dangerous B. successful
C. generous D. secret
解析： 根据下文的even a mayor of a town可知，他成了一个成
功的人。successful 成功的。dangerous危险的；generous慷慨的；
secret秘密的。
22. A. glorious B. easy
C. bright D. difficult
解析： 根据when a policeman guesses who Valjean really is and
wants to send him back to prison可知，警察的怀疑让冉·阿让的生活
变得非常艰难。difficult艰难的；困难的；glorious光荣的；easy容
易的；bright有希望的。
23. A. film B. relation C. game D. event
解析： 根据of cat and mouse可知，此处把冉·阿让继续躲避警
察的事情比喻为猫捉老鼠的游戏。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
Grocery shopping was the task I hated most.I could always find
plenty to complain about on any shopping trip.What did I forget to put on
the list？Why did they have to keep moving things around？ Whoever
thought that self-checkouts were a good idea？And how come these plastic
bags last 500 years in a wasteyard， but won’t make it to my car without
breaking？
On the worst grocery-shopping day of the whole year， the day
before Thanksgiving， I stood with a full cart （购物车） waiting to
check out.I counted eleven carts ahead of mine as I stood in a line.Every
line was filled with shoppers in a big hurry.And I was no exception.My
in-laws were coming for Thanksgiving and everything had to be
perfect.Every moment I was stuck in the store put my schedule at
risk.There were pies to make， dressing to prepare， and my salad，
which had to be made the night before.
As I stood there feeling sorry for myself， the ladies in front of me
began talking.
“I feel almost sorry standing here，” one said.I don’t know who
she was talking about， but she went on to say， “You wouldn’t
believe how poor they are.They work all week， and the food they can
buy with their income fits in their two hands.”
The ladies moved on to other topics but I started thinking.I’d never
spent a week’s income on groceries.I only used a part of our weekly
income even when I planned a holiday like Thanksgiving.I bought treats
often and threw money at expensive things whenever I wanted.Also， I
couldn’t possibly carry all of the groceries I bought every week.And then
there were even workers to bag our groceries and help put them in our cars
if we bought more than we could manage alone.
How had I never noticed all this before？The shelves were full of
food from around the world.Anything we wanted was trucked in or even
flown in for us.The store was comfortable， safe and well-lit， and there
was a bank and a flower shop in the store， too， just to make life even
more convenient.Everywhere I looked — amazing.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
By the time I got to the cash desk， I was filled with
excitement.
I rode to my comfortable， warm house and cooked a fine dinner
that night.
参考范文：
By the time I got to the cash desk， I was filled with excitement.How
wonderful my life was！The cashier looked tired， so I told her she was
doing a great job and she relaxed a little.I thanked her and the bagger，
telling them what a pleasure it was to have their help.I wished them a
happy Thanksgiving.People stared at me， and then I heard others doing
the same thing.On my way out， I told the manager how much I
appreciate his store.He smiled and stood straighter， thanking me for
saying that.
I rode to my comfortable， warm house and cooked a fine dinner that
night.Praise was showered upon me by my family the next day， and I
said that it was my pleasure.Going to the grocery store is no longer an
unpleasant task.Ever since that day， I have seen it as a gift that many
people in the world don’t have.Whenever I enter a store， I’m
reminded of all I have to be thankful for in my life.With a heart full of
gratitude， I’m beginning to offer help to others.Gratitude — it’s
spreading.
谢谢观看！
