初中英语五大题型解题方法梳理——任务型阅读

初中英语五大题型解题方法梳理——任务型阅读
【任务型阅读】
（一）题型特点
- 题目要求：根据短文内容，回答问题。
- 考查方向（4个）：
1. 对学生抓取题目关键信息能力的考查。
2. 对学生定位短文关键信息能力的考查。
3. 对学生语义的理解和总结能力的考查。
4. 对学生语法和表达能力的考查。
- 答题提示：答题时既要保证信息完整，又要保证符合题目的答题要求。
真题展示
Aerobic exercise(有氧运动) is now getting promoted(推广) at work. A lot of companies(公司) have found people are more quick - minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies are now running sports programs, holding sports competitions and so on.
How do you exercise There are many fun and exciting kinds of aerobic exercise. Find one that you like and keep it. It is healthy for the mind and the body.
8. Why do many companies ask their workers to do aerobic exercise
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思路导航
1. 提取关键信息：题目关键信息为 “many companies ask their workers to do aerobic exercise”；文中关键信息为 “A lot of companies (公司) have found people are more quick - minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies are now running sports programs，holding sports competitions and so on.”
2. 语义理解：文中表明“公司发现员工常做有氧运动，工作中思维更敏捷、更有创意，因此推广有氧运动”。
3. 总结答案：Because workers are more quick - minded and creative in their jobs. 或 Because aerobic exercise can help workers be more quick - minded and creative in their jobs.
（二）名师点拨
解题步骤（4步）
1. 读懂题目，明确题意，找出关键词。
2. 读短文，定位与题目关键词相关的关键信息位置。
3. 围绕关键信息找答案，理解语义，结合题目要求总结。
4. 依据语法结构，完整准确表述答案。
真题精选
“Do you want to grow your own vegetables ” Mum asked. “Yes!” My eyes got big. Mom smiled at my excitement. She gave me a book on gardening，and I carefully planted some seeds(种子) in the backyard.
After supper，I rushed to see how much they might grow. Nothing! My mouth dropped. “Someone stole my seeds!” Mum laughed from ear to ear. She said，“Johnny，go and check the book.” I read the book and I knew something needed to be done.
Early the next morning，I ran to the backyard. Everything looked the same but I wasn’t that disappointed(失望的). As the book said，I slowly watered my seeds and put my finger in the soil (泥土) to make sure it wasn’t too dry. That evening，I couldn’t help going to check my garden again. No sign of anything green. Just dirt.
The next morning I raced to the garden again. No changes. “Why is it taking so long for the seeds to grow ” I asked. “Grow up!” I shouted. “Please，just grow，” I almost cried. Mum was too busy with housework to help. “Read the book，and wait patiently.” So I read again. I removed(除去) the grass from the soil and watered the seeds.
Then one morning，I walked out to my garden. I wasn’t expecting to see anything yet. To my surprise，a little bit of green came into my eyes. I got down on my knees for a closer look. “They grew!” I shouted. I could see little green leaves growing everywhere! I was so excited! “They finally grew! The book is right. It took several days for the seeds to be in the soil before popping up.”
6. Why did Johnny’s eyes get big when answering his mother’s question
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7. Where did Johnny plant the seeds
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8. Why did Johnny think someone stole his seeds after checking them in the evening
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9. Soil and water helped. What else did it take for the seeds to grow according to the passage (List 2 things.)
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10. Do you think if Mum teaches Johnny in a good way Why or why not
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名师点拨
6. 答案：Because he was excited to grow his own vegetables.
- 解析：题目关键信息 “Johnny’s eyes get big”，对应文中 “‘Do you want to grow your own vegetables ’ Mum asked. ‘Yes!’ My eyes got big.”，可知Johnny因兴奋于种蔬菜而睁大眼睛。
7. 答案：In the backyard.
- 解析：题目关键信息 “Johnny plant the seeds”，对应文中 “I carefully planted some seeds (种子) in the backyard”，可知种子种在后院。
8. 答案：Because he didn’t see any growth. / The seeds didn’t grow. / There was no sign of anything green.
- 解析：题目关键信息 “someone stole his seeds”，对应文中 “After supper，I rushed to see how much they might grow. Nothing! My mouth dropped. ‘Someone stole my seeds!’”，因种子没发芽，Johnny怀疑被偷。
9. 答案：Patience/Time/Taking good care of the seeds/Care/Careful work/Knowledge/…
- 解析：结合全文，种子生长需耐心（patience）、时间（time），或悉心照料（Taking good care of the seeds）、知识（knowledge）等（列举2项即可）。
10. 答案示例：
- Yes. Because it helps Johnny become patient enough when facing problems. / Yes. It makes Johnny know he can learn basic life skills from books.
- No. Because giving Johnny help in time is important. If not，he would give up easily. And he would be braver when his parents are always there.
- 解析：开放性题目，围绕“妈妈的教育方式是否好”，结合文中妈妈让Johnny读书、耐心等待等行为，阐述理由（语法正确、逻辑合理即可）。
（三）实战演练
When you travel in Chengdu，don’t forget to watch the wonderful face - changing at the local tea houses. How much do you know about this traditional skill Let’s learn something about it.
Face - changing is a special skill in Sichuan Opera. There are different characters in the play. It is also a wonderful way to show their feelings and thoughts.
It is believed that the skill of face - changing started from ancient times(古代). To scare away the dangerous animals，people made themselves look scary. Later，during the Qing Dynasty，it became a famous art form and popular in Sichuan，Chongqing，and some parts of Yunnan and Guizhou.
Most people just know three kinds of skills of face - changing：wiping the face (抹脸)，blowing the face and pulling the face(扯脸). However，few people know the breathing(呼吸) skill.
The skill of pulling the face is very difficult. Under the cover of the dancing movements，the actor pulls each piece of the facial make - up which is tied with a thin thread(线). The actor must do the performance with much care and finish it in a very short time. This skill master Peng Denghuai changed 14 masks in 25 seconds. This was his latest Guinness World Record.
6. What does face - changing show in a play
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7. How many kinds of skills of face - changing are mentioned in the passage
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8. Where is face - changing popular
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9. What does Paragraph 5 talk about
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10. What do you think of face - changing performers
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