初中英语五大题型解题方法梳理——完成图表

人教版初中九年级英语五大题型解题方法梳理
【完成图表】
（一）题型特点
- 题目要求：根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。
- 考查方向（4个）：
1. 对学生识别图表框架能力的考查。
2. 对学生识别图表关键信息能力的考查。
3. 对学生定位短文关键信息能力的考查。
4. 对学生语义的理解和语法转换能力的考查。
答题时既要保证信息完整，又要保证形式统一和语法结构正确。
真题展示
A good book is like a teacher and it can teach you lots of useful things out of your class. There are many advantages(优点) of reading. It can open your eyes to see the world better and it can clear your mind to think about things in an all-round way(全面地). It can also help you kill much boring time and be with you like a friend. There are some ways to develop(养成) a good reading habit.
...
Find a quiet place
Find a quiet place you like. And you can find a comfortable chair to sit on. When you read a book there, no one will trouble you. There should be no television, computer, music or noisy family members around you.
Find a quiet place Find a quiet place with 4 .
There should be no trouble, no entertainment (娱乐) and no noise in the place.
思路导航
1. 阅读图表和短文，根据图表中的句子 “Find a quiet place with .（找一个有的安静地方。）” 提示，以及短文内容 “Find a quiet place you like. And you can find a comfortable chair to sit on.（找一个你喜欢的安静的地方。而且你可以找到一个坐上去舒服的椅子。）” 可找出关键信息。
2. 需补全图表中空缺的部分 “a comfortable chair”。
（二）名师点拨
- 解题步骤（4步）：
1. 识别图表框架：确定图表结构，形式统一（图表框架：总—分—总、并列、一一对应）。
2. 找出图表关键信息：所填空前后的单词或短语。
3. 定位图表关键信息在短文中的位置。
4. 结合关键信息填空：保证所填内容与短文内容语义相同，并且语法形式正确。
真题精选
Saturday, July 14th
After making the questionnaire(问卷), I sent it to five QQ groups. At 3:00 p. m., I started to check(检查) the results.
200 students answered the questionnaire. To my surprise, all of them do housework. 120 students do housework once or twice a week. 60 students do housework three to five times a week. The rest of the students do housework every day.
The most popular kind of housework is taking out the rubbish, followed by making the bed and watering the flowers. Almost all the students dislike washing the dishes.
The results for “washing clothes” are interesting. Sixty students wash clothes once or twice a week. They often wash clothes on Saturdays or Sundays. Ten students wash clothes three to five times a week. They only wash their own clothes. The rest of the students never wash clothes. And most of them are boys.
Sunday, July 15th
After having breakfast, we got into a car and headed for Bailu Town. The ride took us more than one and a half hours. After arriving there, we walked straight to the stream(小溪). The water was kind of cold, but in such hot weather, it made us happier. The water splashed(溅在……上) onto our faces and clothes. Luckily, we took other clothes. We couldn’t help shouting. We had noodles at a noodle house. I didn’t finish the noodles because they tasted so awful! In the afternoon, we walked around the town, enjoyed houses of French style. I bought two nice hats for my cousins. At about 5:00 p. m., we went back home.
图表填空（需结合文章分析）
名师点拨（真题精选解析）
1. the top three：
- 找出图表关键信息 “taking out the rubbish, making the bed, watering the flowers”。
- 定位文中关键信息：“The most popular kind of housework is taking out the rubbish, followed by making the bed and watering the flowers.”（最受欢迎的家务种类是倒垃圾，紧跟着的是整理床铺和浇花。）
- 同义转换：倒垃圾、整理床铺和浇花是最受欢迎的三种家务 → 填 “the top three”。
2. 5%：
- 图表逻辑：“How often do you wash clothes ” 中，“once or twice a week” 占30%，“never” 占65% → 剩余 “three to five times a week” 占 5%。
- 文中验证：“Ten students wash clothes three to five times a week.”（10人占200人的5%）→ 填 “5%”。
3. Activities：
- 表格结构：“Played with water... Had noodles... Walked around...” 是周日的活动 → 填 “Activities”（活动）。
4. happy; excited：
- 文中关键句：“The water was kind of cold, but in such hot weather, it made us happier.”（水冷，但炎热天气里让我们更开心）→ 第一空 happy；
- 又 “We couldn’t help shouting.”（忍不住喊叫，体现兴奋）→ 第二空 excited。
5. bought two (nice) hats：
- 文中关键句：“I bought two nice hats for my cousins.” → 对应表格中缺失的活动 → 填 “bought two (nice) hats”。
（三）实战演练
Some people like their names, but others are not happy with them. Usually, children’s names have an important meaning to their parents.
Some parents name their children after a member of the family. For example, children may be named after(以……命名) a grandmother or an uncle. Some parents give children special names so that the children may feel like they have a goal(目标) and try to reach it. For example, parents name their children after people who are winners of life. At times, parents name their children something unusual. For example, they name their children Apple or Peace.
Children can’t choose their names, so they may feel bad. Some may want to change(改变) their names as they grow up. But should parents allow(允许) their children to change their names
Some people say children should change their names, especially if their names are very unusual. This is because some people may make fun of the children with unusual names. And some children may not like the member of the family they are named after, or they may not agree with their parents about the ideas related to(与……有关) their names.
Other people think children shouldn’t change their names. This is mainly because children change a lot as they grow. One name may not seem good in childhood, but then may seem very good in adulthood(成年). Children may also be easily influenced by(受……影响) their friends. Children who only listen to their friends do not always make good decisions. Parents, not friends, should be the main influence in a child’s life. And as parents give their children a lot of love and care, they may feel sad if the child wants to change his or her name.
图表填空（Children’s Names 主题）