Unit 5 Into the wild Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
photographer ________________
button ________________
recover ________________
shock ________________
element ________________
the elements ________________
brave the elements
________________
encounter ________________
variety ________________
per ________________
path ________________
eagle ________________
concentrate ________________
freeze ________________
stare ________________
image ________________
after all ________________
reaction ________________
file ________________
（二）汉译英
n. 按钮 ________________
v. 专注，专心 ________________
n. 基本部分，要素
________________
天气（尤指坏天气）
________________
不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
________________
n. 鹰 ________________
毕竟，终究 ________________
n. 吃惊，震惊 ________________
n. 小径，小道 ________________
n. 多样化，变化 ________________
v. 突然停止，呆住
________________
n. 摄影师 ________________
n. 档案，文件 ________________
n. 意外的相遇，邂逅
________________
v. 凝视，盯着看 ________________
v.（从糟糕经历中）恢复
________________
n. 图像，影像 ________________
prep. 每 ________________
n.（对某一情形或事件的）反应
________________
1._______ (stare) at the stars, she felt a sense of peace wash over her, as if all the worries had suddenly faded away.
2.The system developed into different forms, leading to many _______ (variety) of dialects and characters.
3.We found ourselves _______ (shock) by the beauty of the mountain village.
4.The stolen painting is expected _______ (recover) by the police soon.
5.We can download software, documents, and _______ (image) whenever we need them.
6.While listening to the speech, you should keep your attention _______ (concentrate) on it as much as you can.
7.One of the most important _______ (element) of being a good friend is listening carefully.
8.This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing _______ (path) through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.
9.Older people should be forgiven for their difficulty in using electronic devices. _______ all, they can’t accept new things quickly.
10.As an excellent _______ (photograph), he is good at capturing the splendid moments.
（一）完形填空
It is quite a challenge to get close to an animal in the wild, so much of our 1 of wildlife comes from pictures taken by 2 professionals that know how to go near to these animals. These professionals are wildlife photographers.
Wildlife photographers depend not only on their photographic skills but also on their knowledge of wildlife. To get good pictures, they sometimes have to 3 long waits, awful weather, and even the 4 of animal attacks.
Once they have become 5 with a location, photographers can begin to get 6 enough to animals to take pictures. Some photographers 7 in hut-like (茅舍样的) structures called blinds. This method works well with animals such as birds that depend mainly on their sight to 8 danger. Blinds, 9 , do not work well for taking pictures of animals with a sharp sense of 10 . Photographers may get close to these animals on foot, stay downwind and 11 sudden movements. Food or noises, such as bird calls, may also be used to attract wildlife into 12 . For difficult animals, a photographer may even 13 a camera in the wild with a trip line (绊脚线). Animals that touch the line start it to take pictures of them. Each or these 14 requires great patience and knowledge, but the reward can be a 15 sight of nature.
1. A. protection B. fear C. knowledge D. respect
2. A. skilled B. strong C. young D. curious
3. A. stand B. admit C. expect D. enjoy
4. A. game B. danger C. plan D. idea
5. A. bored B. careful C. familiar D. excited
6. A. paid B. anxious C. satisfied D. close
7. A. sleep B. hide C. rest D. live
8. A. adapt B. cover C. face D. sense
9. A. otherwise B. moreover C. however D. therefore
10. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. smell
11. A. refuse B. avoid C. make D. adopt
12. A. view B. trap C. action D. attack
13. A. leave B. take C. lose D. remove
14. A. animals B. approaches C. lines D. cameras
15. A. common B. boring C. frightening D. amazing
（二）短文填空
Homegrown nature documentary “Snow Leopards and Friends” is the first Chinese factual film about snow leopards (雪豹).
It ①_______ (document) how three herdsmen (牧民) photographers from Xizang, who may be the people ②_______ (close) to snow leopards in the world, track the trail (踪迹) of snow leopards and finally become protectors of the species. ③_______ addition to being about snow leopards, the film also explores a new way of coexistence between human beings and wild animals. The documentary ④_______ (screen) during the 25th Shanghai International Film Festival, which kicked off on June 9, and won great praise.
It took director Xi Zhinong and the photographers six years ⑤_______ (shoot) the film on the snow-covered highland, ⑥_______ the severe environment is tough not only for snow leopards, but also for other species like brown bears and antelopes.
Many of the movie’s viewers were touched by the power and ⑦_______ (strong) of life shown in the film. The documentary presents the most primitive forces of nature through its visual wonders and ⑧_______ (act) creatures. It also caused viewers to reflect on wildlife and conservation of nature.⑨_______ movie viewer said that the film is also a course on ⑩_______ (respect) life and nature and everyone needs to learn this lesson.
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
n. 摄影师
n. 按钮
v.（从糟糕经历中）恢复
n. 吃惊，震惊
n. 基本部分，要素
天气（尤指坏天气）
不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
n. 意外的相遇，邂逅
n. 多样化，变化
prep. 每
n. 小径，小道
n. 鹰
v. 专注，专心
v. 突然停止，呆住
v. 凝视，盯着看
n. 图像，影像
毕竟，终究
n.（对某一情形或事件的）反应
n. 档案，文件
（二）汉译英
button
concentrate
element
the elements
brave the elements
eagle
after all
shock
path
variety
freeze
photographer
file
encounter
stare
recover
image
per
reaction
1.答案：Staring
解析：考查非谓语。句意：她凝视着星空，一种平静感涌上心头，仿佛所有的忧虑都突然消失了。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，she与stare at为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Staring。
2.答案：varieties
解析：考查名词。句意：系统发展成不同的形式，导致了许多方言和文字的变体。本空作介词to的宾语，且由many修饰，应用名词复数varieties“变体，种类”。故填varieties。
3.答案：shocked
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现自己被这个山村的美丽所震撼。本句谓语为found，此处为非谓语动词，作宾语补足语。宾语ourselves与shock“使震惊”为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填shocked。
4.答案：to be recovered
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：这幅被盗的画预计很快就会被警方找回。be expected to do sth预计做某事，The stolen painting与recover为被动关系，用不定式的被动语态。故填to be recovered。
5.答案：images
解析：考查名词复数。句意：无论何时我们需要，都可以下载软件、文档和图片。可数名词image意为“图片”，作宾语，结合常识和语境可知，应该用复数形式images表泛指。故填images。
6.答案：concentrated
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：听演讲时，你应该尽可能地集中注意力。concentrate(集中注意力，聚精会神)作宾语补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语attention之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填concentrated。
7.答案：elements
解析：考查名词复数。句意：做一个好朋友最重要的因素之一就是认真倾听。这里考查 one of+名词复数形式，为固定用法。故填elements。
8.答案：paths
解析：考查名词的数。句意：这场为期四天的徒步旅行将带你在前往马丘比丘市的途中，沿着安第斯山脉的奇妙小路前行。path意为“小路”，为可数名词，且其前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用复数形式，表示泛指。故填paths。
9.答案：After
解析：考查固定短语。句意：老年人在使用电子设备方面遇到困难，应该得到原谅。毕竟，他们不能很快接受新事物。after all为固定短语，意为“毕竟”符合语境，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填After。
10.答案：photographer
解析：考查名词。句意：作为一名优秀的摄影师，他善于捕捉精彩的瞬间。根据he以及句意可知，此空应填photographer，表“摄影师”，在本句中作介词后宾语。故填photographer。
（一）完形填空
答案：1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了摄影师在野外拍摄的困难以及克服的方法。
1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在野外接近动物是一个相当大的挑战，所以我们对野生动物的很多知识都来自于那些知道如何接近这些动物的熟练专业人士拍摄的照片。A. protection保护；B. fear恐惧；C. knowledge知识；D. respect尊敬。根据本句中“pictures taken by 2 professionals”以及下文“their knowledge of wildlife”可知，专业人士拍摄的照片提供给我们对野生动物的知识。故选C。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在野外接近动物是一个相当大的挑战，所以我们对野生动物的很多知识都来自于那些知道如何接近这些动物的熟练专业人士拍摄的照片。A. skilled熟练的；B. strong强壮的；C. young年轻的；D. curious好奇的。根据空后“professionals”可知，专业人士自然是熟练的。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了拍出好照片，他们有时不得不忍受漫长的等待，恶劣的天气，甚至动物袭击的危险。A. stand忍受；B. admit承认；C. expect期待；D. enjoy享受。根据空后“long waits, awful weather”可知，为了拍出好照片，他们不得不忍受这些糟糕的情况。故选A。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了拍出好照片，他们有时不得不忍受漫长的等待，恶劣的天气，甚至动物袭击的危险。A. game游戏；B. danger危险；C. plan计划；D. idea主意。根据常识以及空后“of animal attacks”可知，动物袭击是危险的。故选B。
5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们熟悉了一个地点，摄影师就可以开始接近动物拍照。A. bored厌烦的；B. careful仔细的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. excited兴奋的。根据常识可知，得先熟悉周围环境，才能进一步拍摄。故选C。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们熟悉了一个地点，摄影师就可以开始接近动物拍照。A. paid有偿的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. satisfied满意的；D. close接近的。根据常识可知，拍摄动物要尽可能地近才可以更好。且get close to为固定搭配“接近”。故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些摄影师躲在被称为百叶窗的茅屋状结构中。A. sleep睡觉；B. hide躲藏；C. rest休息；D. live居住。根据前文“It is quite a challenge to get close to an animal in the wild”可知，接近动物是很大的挑战，所以摄影师不得不躲藏在茅屋状结构中。故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种方法对鸟类等主要依靠视觉感知危险的动物很有效。A. adapt适应；B. cover覆盖；C. face面对；D. sense感知。根据常识以及前文“Some photographers 7 in hut-like (茅舍样的) structures called blinds”可知，躲藏起来拍摄的办法是针对依靠视觉感知危险的动物。故选D。
9.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，百叶窗在拍摄嗅觉灵敏的动物时效果不佳。A. otherwise否则；B. moreover而且；C. however然而；D. therefore因此。根据前文“This method works well with animals such as birds”以及本句“do not work well for taking pictures of animals”可知，前后为转折含义。故选C。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，百叶窗在拍摄嗅觉灵敏的动物时效果不佳。A. sight视觉；B. hearing听力；C. touch触觉；D. smell嗅觉。根据常识，前文“This method works well with animals such as birds that depend mainly on their sight to 8 danger.”以及本句“do not work well for taking pictures of animals with a sharp sense”可知，前后为转折关系，百叶窗对于主要依靠视觉感知危险的动物很有效，但是对于嗅觉的动物却效果不好。故选D。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：摄影师可以步行接近这些动物，待在顺风处，避免突然移动。A. refuse拒绝；B. avoid避免；C. make制作；D. adopt采纳。根据常识以及空后宾语“sudden movements”可知，拍摄动物，应避免突然移动。故选B。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：食物或噪音，如鸟叫声，也可以用来吸引野生动物进入视野。A. view视野；B. trap陷阱；C. action行动；D. attack攻击。根据本句“Food or noises, such as bird calls, may also be used to attract wildlife”可知，这些都是吸引动物进入视线进行拍摄的办法。故选A。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于难缠的动物，摄影师甚至可以在野外留下带着绊脚线的相机。A. leave留下；B. take带着；C. lose失去；D. remove移除。根据本句“a camera in the wild with a trip line (绊脚线)”以及下文“Animals that touch the line start it to take pictures of them.”可知，对于难缠的动物，摄影师甚至可以在野外留下带着绊脚线的相机，当动物触碰到线，相机就启动拍摄。所以，摄影师是把相机留在了野外。故选A。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些方法都需要极大的耐心和知识，但回报可能是一个惊人的自然景观。A. animals动物；B. approaches方法；C. lines线；D. cameras相机。根据前文“professionals that know how to go near to these animals”可知，作者介绍了拍摄野外动物的方法。故选B。
15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些方法都需要极大的耐心和知识，但回报可能是一个惊人的自然景观。A. common普通的；B. boring无聊的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. amazing惊人的。根据本句“requires great patience and knowledge”以及“but”引导的前后转折含义可知，这些方法都需要极大的耐心和知识，但回报也是惊人的。故选D。
（二）短文填空
答案：documents closest In was screened to shoot where strength active A respecting
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国产自然纪录片《雪豹与朋友们》，这是首部关于雪豹的中国纪实电影，展现了西藏牧民摄影师追踪雪豹、终成保护者的故事，提出人与野生动物共存新思路，在上海电影节获赞。历经六年艰辛拍摄，影片揭示自然之力与生命坚韧，促观众反思自然保护，被赞为尊重生命与自然的必修课。
①考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它记录了三位来自西藏的牧民摄影师如何追踪雪豹的踪迹，并最终成为该物种的保护者，他们可能是世界上最接近雪豹的人。描述事物的一般情况，句子应用一般现在时，It作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填documents。
②考查形容词的最高级。句意：它记录了三位来自西藏的牧民摄影师如何追踪雪豹的踪迹，并最终成为该物种的保护者，他们可能是世界上最接近雪豹的人。空处应用形容词最高级closest“最近的”，在句中作后置定语。故填closest。
③考查介词。句意：除了讲述雪豹之外，影片还探索了人与野生动物共存的新方式。In addition to“除…之外”为固定搭配，位于句首首字母大写。故填In。
④考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这部纪录片在上海国际电影节第25届期间被放映，电影节于6月9日开幕，赢得了极大的赞誉。描述过去发生的动作，句子应用一般过去时，动词screen与主语The documentary构成被动关系，应用被动语态，单数名词作主语，be动词用was。故填was screened。
⑤考查非谓语。句意：导演奚志农和摄影师们花了六年时间在白雪覆盖的高地上拍摄这部电影，那里的严峻环境不仅对雪豹构成了挑战，对棕熊、羚羊等其他物种来说也同样艰难。It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. “某人花费时间做某事”为固定句型。故填to shoot。
⑥考查定语从句。句意：导演奚志农和摄影师们花了六年时间在白雪覆盖的高地上拍摄这部电影，那里的严峻环境不仅对雪豹构成了挑战，对棕熊、羚羊等其他物种来说也同样艰难。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词highland，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。
⑦考查名词。句意：许多电影观众被影片中展现的生命力量和韧性所感动。and连接两个并列成分，空处应填名词strength“力量”与power并列作介词by的宾语。故填strength。
⑧考查形容词。句意：纪录片通过视觉奇观和活跃的生物展现了自然界最原始的力量。空处应用形容词active“活跃的”修饰名词creatures。故填active。
⑨考查冠词。句意：一位电影观众说，这部电影也是一门关于尊重生命和自然的课程，每个人都需要学习这门课。空处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，movie以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a，位于句首需大写。故填A。
⑩考查非谓语。句意：一位电影观众说，这部电影也是一门关于尊重生命和自然的课程，每个人都需要学习这门课。介词on后应用动词的动名词形式作宾语。故填respecting。Unit 5 Into the wild Using Language
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
accommodation ________________
idiom ________________
kill two birds with one stone
________________
when the cat’s away (the mice will play)
________________
hold your horses ________________
rain cats and dogs ________________
authority ________________
source ________________
found ________________
（二）汉译英
慢点，别急 ________________
n. 来源，出处 ________________
一举两得，一箭双雕
________________
n. 住处，工作场所
________________
猫儿不在，老鼠作怪（指管事的不在，下面的人玩个痛快）
________________
n. 当权，权力 ________________
下倾盆大雨 ________________
v. 创立，创建 ________________
n. 习语，成语 ________________
（三）语法检测
定语从句（2）
定语从句：在复合句中用来限制、描绘或说明主句中某一名词或代词而起定语作用的从句。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的1._______叫作先行词。先行词可以是人、物，也可以是整个句子或者句子的一部分，先行词一般位于定语从句之前。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。按照关系词在定语从句中所作的成分，可将关系词分为2._______和3._______。
关系词 关系词 先行词 充当的成分
关系代词 that 指人、物 主语、宾语、表语
which 指物、句子 主语、宾语、表语
who 指人 主语、宾语、表语
whom 指人 宾语
whose 指人、物 定语
as 指人、物或句子 主语、宾语、表语
关系副词 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词 原因状语
一、定语从句的分类
1. 限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制作用，是句中不可缺少的部分，主句和从句关系非常紧密，不能用逗号分开。
2. 非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句往往是对先行词或整个主句进行4._______，主从句的关系并不十分密切，若将其去掉，主句的意义仍然完整清楚。从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。除了5._______以外，其他的关系代词及关系副词都和限制性定语从句用法相同，只是所有关系词都必须写上，不能省略。
二、关系副词
1. when
when引导定语从句，其先行词是表示6._______的名词，如time, morning, day, week, month, year等，when 在从句中作时间状语。
2. where
where引导定语从句,其先行词往往是表示7._______的名词，如place, room, house, school, city等，where在从句中作地点状语。这里说的“地点”名词包含着：
①具体的地点,如place, house;
②抽象的地点,如case, stage, situation, position;
③隐性的地点,如news, story等。
3. why
why引导定语从句，表示原因或理由，其先行词是8._______。why在定语从句中作原因状语。
注意：
关系代词与关系副词的选用：
1. 若从句的谓语动词是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用9._______；是不及物动词则用10._______。
2. 若关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用11._______；若作状语，则用12._______。
当先行词为situation, case, stage, point等抽象地点名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也要用关系副词13._______引导。
如果先行词14._______后面的定语从句中缺少宾语，则用that/which或省略关系词。
先行词occasion作“时机”讲时，用关系副词when；作“场合”讲时，用关系副词where。
关系副词when, where可用于非限制性定语从句，而关系副词15._______不可以。
1.I shall have to report this to the _______ (authority).
2.You might as well choose package tour, which includes the plane tickets and _______ (accommodate).
3.Please find more details about the origin and history of both common _______ (idiom) and rare ones.
4.There are alternative _______ (source) of nutrition to animal meat. He has shared one view and I have expressed an alternative way of seeing it.
5.Pingluo Senior High _______ (found) in 1946, which is one of the best high schools in Ningxia.
6.The reason _______ he came late for the meeting was that his car broke down on the way.
7.In 1933, Einstein took up a position _______ he worked as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.)
8.The background music created an atmosphere _______ the students could exchange their ideas freely.
9.Festivals are always occasions _______ we gather together to enjoy ourselves and forget about our work for a while.
10.There was a time _______ I was a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.
（一）完形填空
Wildlife has been greatly threatened (威胁) in the modern age. There are species that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their reproduction (繁殖). Emma, a female crane, has been in their 3 since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 4 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 5 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 6 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 7 to live with male cranes, and even had a 8 for killing some of them, which made it 9 for her to become a mother.
10 , the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 11 of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 12 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their 13 work. But before they can be sure, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 14 , and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 15 , not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
1. A. surviving B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
2. A. kill B. save C. determine D. remove
3. A. care B. eye C. mind D. mystery
4. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
5. A. effect B. consequence C. victory D. solution
6. A. never B. always C. occasionally D. ever
7. A. destroyed B. refused C. measured D. recovered
8. A. gift B. skill C. trend D. reputation
9. A. amazing B. unbelievable C. important D. impossible
10. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
11. A. combination B. collection C. solution D. accommodation
12. A. forced B. forbade C. sought D. enabled
13. A. ordinary B. temporary C. productive D. hard
14. A. list B. rise C. way D. decline
15. A. In all B. After all C. In particular D. By contrast
（二）短文填空
One of the most endangered animals in the world is the Siberian tiger, known as the Northeast Tiger in China. There are less than 500 of these beautiful animals still ①_______ (live) in the wild The Siberian tiger is the largest of all tigers. ②_______ adult male can grow up to 3.3 meters in ③_______ (long) and weigh as much as 300 kilograms.
Long ago, Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia and Russian Far East. However, today they ④_______ (find) mainly along the Chinese-Russian border and ⑤_______ (possible) in North Korea. The main reason ⑥_______ they decrease in numbers is the disappearance of their natural habitat. Fortunately, local organizations ⑦_______ (take) steps to save this huge creature in recent years and as a result numbers are on the rise.
There is also a fairly large population of Siberian tigers in zoos, some of ⑧_______ are expected to be reintroduced to the wild. Of course, they would need to learn how to hunt and take care of ⑨_______ (they), and it is easier said than done. Another big issue is the problem of space. At present, there is not enough unspoilt forest available ⑩_______ (support) reintroducing many Siberian tigers into the wild.
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
n. 住处，工作场所
n. 习语，成语
一举两得，一箭双雕
猫儿不在，老鼠作怪（指管事的不在，下面的人玩个痛快）
慢点，别急
下倾盆大雨
n. 当权，权力
n. 来源，出处
v. 创立，创建
（二）汉译英
hold your horses
source
kill two birds with one stone
accommodation
when the cat’s away (the mice will play)
authority
rain cats and dogs
found
idiom
（三）语法检测
名词或代词
关系代词
关系副词
附加说明
that
时间
地点
reason
关系代词
关系副词
关系代词
关系副词
where
way
why
1.答案：authorities
解析：考查名词的数。句意：我应该向当局报告这件事。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入名词作介词to的宾语。提示词authority意为“权利，威权”是为不可数名词，意为“当局，官方，当权者”时为可数名词，且常用复数。结合句意可知空格处意为“当局，官方，当权者”符合题意。故填authorities。
2.答案：accommodations
解析：考查名词。句意：你不妨选择一个包价旅游，包括机票和住宿。空处需要名词形式与and前的“the plane tickets”并列作宾语，所给的动词“accommodate”的名词形式为accommodation“住宿”，指包价旅行中包含具体住宿设施或地点，应用复数形式。故填accommodations。
3.答案：idioms
解析：考查名词。句意：请了解更多关于常见成语和罕见成语的起源和历史的细节。分析句子可知空格前修饰语为形容词“common adj.常见的；共同的；普通的”，以及空格后and并列关系，因此空格处需要使用名词，又因为“idiom n.成语”为可数名词。故填idioms。
4.答案：sources
解析：考查名词。句意：除了动物肉，还有其他的营养来源。他赞同一种观点，而我表达了另一种看待它的方式。空处需填名词作主语，source为可数名词，结合“are”可知，应填名词复数形式sources。故填sources。
5.答案：was founded
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：平洛高中创建于1946年，是宁夏最好的高中之一。句子主语是Pingluo Senior High，与动词found之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。根据时间状语“in 1946”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，即was founded。故填was founded。
6.答案：why
解析：考查定语从句。句意：他开会迟到的原因是他的车在路上抛锚了。空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词reason是原因，因此用why引导定语从句，故填why。
7.答案：where
解析：考查定语从句。句意：1933年，爱因斯坦在普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a position，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
8.答案：where
解析：考查定语从句。句意：背景音乐营造了一种学生能够自由交流想法的氛围。这里考查定语从句，先行词an atmosphere ，为抽象地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
9.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。句意：节日总是我们聚在一起玩乐、暂时忘记工作的时刻。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为occasions，意为“时刻”，引导词在定语从句中作时间状语，即“在这些时刻里”，应用关系副词when来引导。故填when。
10.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。句意：有一段时间，我是一个非常以自我为中心的人，但在过去的两年里，我真的改变了。空处引导定语从句，先行词是time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，There was a time when“曾经有一段时间……”，故填when。
（一）完形填空
答案：1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一只雌白枕鹤从小被人类喂养长大，她拒绝与雄丹顶鹤生活在一起。为了让她担负起繁育后代的重任，动物园的两位管理员绞尽脑汁，最终成功地让她产下五只小丹顶鹤。在解决问题的过程中，大脑固然重要，但是全心全意地投入可能更能引导我们找到解决问题的方法。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天都有物种在消失。A. surviving生存；B. migrating迁徙；C. competing比赛；D. disappearing消失。根据上文“Wildlife has been greatly threatened (威胁) in the modern age.(在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁)”可知，在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁，说明每天都有物种消失。故选D。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救这个物种免于灭绝。A. kill杀死；B. save挽救，免于；C. determine决定；D. remove去除。根据后文“the species from going out of existence”以及“helping endangered cranes”可知，科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救这个物种免于灭绝。故选B。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾玛是一只雌性鹤，自从2004年来到这里，就一直在他们的照顾下。A. care关心；B. eye眼睛；C. mind思维；D. mystery秘密。根据上文“helping endangered cranes with their reproduction”可知，指这只雌性鹤被他们照顾着。故选A。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾玛出生在国际鹤类基金会，由人类看护人抚养长大。A. found发现，找到；B. chosen选择；C. raised抚养，饲养；D. seized抓住。根据上文的“Born at an international crane foundation”可推知，这只雌丹顶鹤是被人类的管理员饲养长大的。故选C。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了一个意想不到的后果，尽管她在那里度过了一段美好的时光。A. effect影响；B. consequence后果；C. victory胜利；D. solution解决方案。根据后文“Emma had never taken herself as a crane”可知，艾玛从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，说明导致了意想不到的后果，故选B。
6.考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾玛从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，也没有深深地依恋人类。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. occasionally偶尔；D. ever曾经。根据后文“to live with male cranes”提到她拒绝和雄性鹤生活在一起，推测从没有把自己当成一只鹤，故选A。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝和雄性鹤生活在一起，甚至因为杀死了一些雄性鹤而声名狼藉，这使得她不可能成为一个母亲。A. destroyed破坏；B. refused拒绝；C. measured测量；D. recovered恢复。根据后文“for killing some of them”可知，她拒绝和雄性鹤生活在一起，还杀死了一只同类。故选B。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝和雄性鹤生活在一起，甚至因为杀死了一些雄性鹤而声名狼藉，这使得她不可能成为一个母亲。A. gift礼物；B. skill技能；C. trend趋势；D. reputation名誉。根据后文“for killing some of them”可知，指她因为杀死了同类而得到了坏名声。故选D。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝与雄性鹤生活在一起，甚至有杀死一些雄性鹤的名声，这使她不可能成为一个母亲。A. amazing惊人的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. important重要的；D. impossible不可能的。根据句中“had a reputation for killing some of them”可推知，让Emma和雄性鹤生活在一起并成为一个母亲是不可能的。故选D。
10.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，两个动物园饲养员不想看到这种珍贵的物种灭绝。A. Therefore因此，所以；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Instead代替，反而。上文介词了Emma的特殊情况，说明她不可能成为一个母亲，但下文“the two zoo keepers didn’t want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species.”中两位饲养员并不想就此放弃，上下文有转折关系，用表示转折关系的连接副词however连接。故选C。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的耐心和努力下，他们成功地开发出了人工繁殖和自然繁殖相结合的方法。A. combination组合，结合；B. collection聚集，收集； C. solution解决方案；D. accommodation住宿。根据句中“artificial breeding and natural reproduction”和下句“Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.”可知，两位饲养员采用人工繁殖与自然繁殖相结合的方式，使Emma成功地当上了妈妈。故选A。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样使艾玛生下了五只小鹤。A. forced强迫；B. forbade禁止；C. sought寻找；D. enabled使能够。“This”指代上文人工繁殖和自然繁殖相结合的方法，结句中“give birth to five baby cranes”可知，这种方法使Emma能够产下五只小鹤。故选D。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个饲养员对他们卓有成效的工作感到自豪。A. ordinary普通的；B. temporary暂时的；C. productive多产的，卓有成效的；D. hard努力的。根据上文可知，工作人员让艾玛生下了五只小鹤，说明工作卓有成效。故选C。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他们还没有十足的把握，他们还必须做出更多的努力，因为野生鹤的数量正在减少，许多其他物种正处于灭绝的边缘。A. list列表，清单；B. rise增加；C. way方法；D. decline下降。根据句中“many other species are on the verge of extinction”可推知，前景堪忧，野生丹顶鹤的数量也在不断下降。on the decline“在逐渐下降”。故选D。
15.考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想，有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。 A. In all总之；B. After all毕竟；C. In particular特别；D. By contrast相比之下。承接前文“because the population of the crane in the wild is on the…and many other species appear headed toward extinction”，用after all进一步解释说明为什么要付出更多努力。故选B。
（二）短文填空
答案：living An length are found possibly why have taken which themselves to support
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西伯利亚虎（东北虎）的生存现状、体型特征、分布变化及保护措施，强调了栖息地消失和野化放归面临的挑战。
①考查非谓语动词。句意：这些美丽的动物中只有不到500只仍然生活在野外。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词animals，animals和live为逻辑上的主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填living。
②考查冠词。句意：一只成年雄性西伯利亚虎可以长到3.3米长，重达300公斤。adult male为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一只成年雄性老虎”，且adult发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填An。
③考查名词。句意同上。介词in后需接名词作宾语，long的名词为length“长度”，in length表示“在长度方面”。故填length。
④考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，今天它们主要分布在中俄边境，可能还有朝鲜。根据时间状语today可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语they和find为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为they，be动词用are。故填are found。
⑤考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰介词短语in North Korea，需填副词possibly作状语，表示“可能”。故填possibly。
⑥考查定语从句。句意：它们数量减少的主要原因是自然栖息地的消失。空处引导定语从句，先行词reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导。故填why。
⑦考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：幸运的是，近年来，当地组织已经采取措施来拯救这种巨大的生物，因此数量正在增加。根据时间状语in recent years可知，动作从过去持续到现在，此处使用现在完成时，主语local organizations为复数，助动词用have。故填have taken。
⑧考查定语从句。句意：动物园里也有相当多的西伯利亚虎，其中一些预计将被重新引入野外。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Siberian tigers，指物，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
⑨考查代词。句意：当然，它们需要学习如何狩猎和照顾自己，说起来容易做起来难。主语they与宾语指代同一对象，需用反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，没有足够的未受破坏的森林来支持将许多西伯利亚虎重新引入野外。句中已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词，available to do sth.意为“可用来做某事”，故空处需填动词不定式。故填to support。Unit 5 Into the wild Starting out & Understanding ideas
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
charity ________________
monarch ________________
monarch butterfly
________________
Atlantic ________________
whale ________________
annual ________________
seek ________________
professor ________________
measure ________________
position ________________
determine ________________
eventually ________________
solution ________________
amazing ________________
crash ________________
per cent ________________
destroy ________________
chemical ________________
creature ________________
survive ________________
effect ________________
flow chart ________________
（二）汉译英
adj. 一年一度的，每年的
________________
v. 暴跌 ________________
n. 君主，国王 ________________
黑脉金斑蝶 ________________
n. 教授 ________________
流程图，作业图 ________________
v. 破坏，毁掉 ________________
n. 鲸 ________________
v. 寻找，寻求 ________________
n. 化学品 ________________
v. 测定，确定 ________________
n. 位置 ________________
n. 百分比 ________________
n. 解决，解决方法
________________
adj. 惊人的，了不起的
________________
v. 活下来，幸存 ________________
n. 慈善机构，慈善团体
________________
n. 影响，结果 ________________
adv. 终于，最终
________________
v. 量，测量 ________________
n. 生物，动物 ________________
adj. 大西洋的 ________________
1.Chinese tea culture started about 4000 years ago and gradually became an _______ (amaze) tradition.
2.The equipment _______ (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals.
3.The scientist successfully _______ (seek) answers to the complex questions that had puzzled researchers for decades.
4.Despite facing financial hardships, he _______ (eventual) graduated with honors and landed a well-paying job in his chosen field.
5.Part of the forest, located in the reserve, _______ (destroy) in the fire one week ago.
6.The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of _______ (chemistry) in agriculture.
7.The director got the actors _______ (position) so that everyone could fit into the picture.
8.Human life is regarded as part of nature, and the only way for us _______ (survive) is to live in harmony with nature.
9.The Monarch’s population _______ (crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.
10. After much discussion, they finally came up with a _______ (solve) that satisfied everyone.
（一）完形填空
My PhD project is to protect a tiny species of fish, whose color is greenish. To 1 eggs, Clanwilliam sandfish (沙鱼) swim to 2 tributaries (支流) of the Doring river system in South Africa. Local people say it was once a 3 event: The water seemed to change 4 as thousands of sandfish migrated to the shallower tributaries. Now, 5 those numbers have reduced to dangerous levels.
My PhD project at South Africa’s University of Cape Town is in 6 with a nongovernmental organization in saving sandfish. Human activity, climate change, etc, are drying up the rivers. As newly young sandfish try to 7 to the upstream (上游), they now get 8 in shallow tributaries. The sandfish population has decreased by more than 90% since we began keeping count. They’re now regarded as 9 species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.When the river starts to dry up, we 10 young sandfish and put them into buckets of water, then move them by truck to prepared fish nurseries (鱼种场) 11 by local people. The support from local people is amazing. Once the sandfish are large enough to be less threatened, we will 12 them to the natural ecosystem.
The data so far show the project has been 13 . We’ve 14 about 36,000 young sandfish over the past three years. I’m looking forward to 15 those numbers next year.
1. A. lay B. hide C. drag D. lie
2. A. shorter B. quieter C. shallower D. smaller
3. A. sad B. puzzling C. moving D. wonderful
4. A. speed B. colour C. environment D. climate
5. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. moreover
6. A. relationship B. schedule C. solution D. cooperation
7. A. keep B. lead C. swim D. turn
8. A. stuck B. hurt C. annoyed D. punished
9. A. balanced B. injured C. endangered D. changeable
10. A. keep B. control C. fool D. catch
11. A. repaired B. donated C. discovered D. required
12. A. return B. devote C. sell D. show
13. A. serious B. extra C. successful D. convenient
14. A. received B. rescued C. recorded D. cleared
15. A. resulting from B. adding to C. talking about D. cutting off
（二）短文填空
Great white sharks in the Pacific Ocean. Wildebeest in Africa. Arctic terns in the Atlantic. At first, these animals seem ①_______ (complete) different. One swims, one walks, and the other flies. But they all have one thing ②_______ common. They all migrate.
Some migrating animals move to a place ③_______ has a better temperature. Some go to find food or water. The groups travel as one, trying to survive. During the trip, they face ④_______ (many) challenges than we can imagine.
One challenge is distance (距离). Some migrating animals take very long trips. They go far away from ⑤_______ (they) home areas. For example, one great white shark swam from Australia to South Africa and back. In nine months, it swam about 20,000 kilometers.
Another challenge is finding enough food and water during the journey. For example, each Mali elephant needs more ⑥_______ 200 liters (公升) of water each day. To get this, they need ⑦_______ (go) from one waterhole to another.
In addition, migrating animals have to avoid other animals that want to eat them. For example, the zebra has to stay away from lions. Traveling as a group ⑧_______ (help) keep them safe. All the zebras in the group can watch for danger. When one zebra is in trouble, the other members make a circle around it.
By ⑨_______ (work) as a group, migrating animals can survive some of the world’s most ⑩_______ (wonder) journeys.
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
n. 慈善机构，慈善团体
n. 君主，国王
黑脉金斑蝶
adj. 大西洋的
n. 鲸
adj. 一年一度的，每年的
v. 寻找，寻求
n. 教授
v. 量，测量
n. 位置
v. 测定，确定
adv. 终于，最终
n. 解决，解决方法
adj. 惊人的，了不起的
v. 暴跌
n. 百分比
v. 破坏，毁掉
n. 化学品
n. 生物，动物
v. 活下来，幸存
n. 影响，结果
流程图，作业图
（二）汉译英
annual
crash
monarch
monarch butterfly
professor
flow chart
destroy
whale
seek
chemical
determine
position
per cent
solution
amazing
survive
charity
effect
eventually
measure
creature
Atlantic
1.答案：amazing
解析：考查形容词。句意：中国茶文化始于约4000年前，并逐渐成为一种令人惊叹的传统。此处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词“tradition”，所给词“amaze”为动词，意为“使惊奇”，其形容词形式有amazing和amazed。其中，amazing表示“令人惊叹的”，用于修饰事物；amazed表示“感到惊叹的”，用于修饰人，此处修饰的是“tradition”（事物），因此应用amazing。故填amazing。
2.答案：measuring
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这台长度仅为三毫米的设备能够探测电子信号。此处为非谓语动词作定语，句中已有谓语动词can detect，故空格处应用非谓语动词形式，The equipment和measure之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填measuring。
3.答案：sought
解析：考查动词时态。句意：这位科学家成功地找到了困扰研究人员几十年的复杂问题的答案。空处作主句的谓语，根据“had puzzled”可知，从句是过去完成时，即过去的过去，因此主句是叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，应用seek“找到，找出”的过去式。故填sought。
4.答案：eventually
解析：考查副词。句意：尽管面临经济困难，他最终以优异的成绩毕业，并在自己选择的领域找到了一份高薪工作。此处应为副词作状语修饰动词graduated，eventual的副词为eventually意为“最终”符合句意。故填eventually。
5.答案：was destroyed
解析：考查时态语态。句意：这片森林的一部分，位于保护区之内，一周前在那场火灾中遭到了破坏。主语Part of the forest与谓语构成被动关系，发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was destroyed。
6.答案：chemicals
解析：考查名词。句意：农业中化学药品的过度使用会影响整个食物链。of为介词，后接名词作宾语，chemistry意为“化学”，而此处需表示 “化学药品”，应用其相应的名词形式 chemical，且 chemical表示具体的“化学制品”时为可数名词，空前无限定词，所以应用复数形式chemicals表示泛指意义。故填chemicals。
7.答案：positioned
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：导演让演员们摆好姿势，以便每个人都能融入画面。空处作got的宾语补足语，position和宾语the actors之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填positioned。
8.答案：to survive
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：人类的生命被视为自然的一部分，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。“the (only) way for sb. to do sth.”是常用搭配，意为“某人做某事的(唯一)方法”，其中不定式to do作后置定语，用来修饰名词way；the only way for sb. to survive意为“某人生存的唯一途径”。故填to survive。
9.答案：has crashed
解析：考查现在完成时。句意：黑脉金斑蝶的数量在最近几年里已经减少了多达90%。crash是动词，意思是“下跌”，在句中充当谓语。根据时间状语in the last few years可知，句子应该使用现在完成时，主语population是不可数名词，故答案是has crashed。
10.答案：solution
解析：考查名词。句意：经过多次讨论，他们终于想出了一个让每个人都满意的解决方案。根据句子分析可知，此处需用名词“solution”（解决方案）作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填solution。
（一）完形填空
答案：1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.B
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者详细描述了自己的博士项目——保护一种绿色的小型鱼类，即Clanwilliam sandfish。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了产卵，克兰威廉沙鱼游到南非多林河系较浅的支流。A. lay（鸟、昆虫、鱼等）下（蛋）；B. hide隐藏；C. drag拖；D. lie躺。根据后文的“eggs”以及“Clanwilliam sandfish”结合选项，应是沙鱼产卵之意。故选A项。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了产卵，克兰威廉沙鱼游到南非多林河系较浅的支流。A. shorter较短的；B. quieter较安静的；C. shallower较浅的；D. smaller较小的。根据后文“migrated to the shallower tributaries.”可知是游到南非多林河系较浅的支流。故选C项。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地人说，这曾经是一件奇妙的事情：成千上万的沙鱼迁徙到较浅的支流，水似乎改变了颜色。A. sad悲哀的；B. puzzling令人困惑的；C. moving令人感动的；D. wonderful精彩的，奇妙的。根据后文“The water seemed to change 4 as thousands of sandfish migrated to the shallower tributaries.”可知，成千上万的沙鱼迁徙到较浅的支流，水似乎改变了颜色，应是一件奇妙的事。故选D项。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人说，这曾经是一件奇妙的事情：成千上万的沙鱼迁徙到较浅的支流，水似乎改变了颜色。A. speed速度；B. colour颜色；C. environment环境；D. climate气候。根据前文“The water seemed to change”以及后文“as thousands of sandfish migrated to the shallower tributaries”以及“whose color is greenish”可知，成千上万的沙鱼迁徙到较浅的支流，应是水的颜色看起来改变了，符合语境。故选B项。
5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在这些数字已经降到了危险的水平。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. besides此外；D. moreover此外。根据后文“those numbers have reduced to dangerous levels.”可知，这些数字已经降到了危险的水平和前文的成千上万的沙鱼构成转折关系。故选A项，
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在南非开普敦大学的博士项目是与一个非政府组织合作拯救沙鱼。A. relationship关系；B. schedule工作计划；C. solution解决方案；D. cooperation合作。根据后文“We’ve 14 about 36,000 young sandfish over the past three years.”可知，是作者和这个组织一起拯救了36,000只小沙鱼，所以是作者与这个组织合作。故选D项。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚出生的小沙鱼想逆流而上，却被困在了浅水支流里。A. keep保持；B. lead引领；C. swim游泳；D. turn转动。根据前文“young sandfish”可知，小沙鱼应该是游向上游。故选C项。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刚出生的小沙鱼想逆流而上，却被困在了浅水支流里。A. stuck困(于)；B. hurt受伤的；C. annoyed生气；D. punished惩罚。根据前文“Human activity, climate change, etc, are drying up the rivers.”可知，河流干涸，所以小沙鱼被困在了浅水支流里。故选A项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们现在被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种。A. balanced平衡的；B. injured受伤的；C. endangered濒危的；D. changeable可变的。根据前文“The sandfish population has decreased by more than 90% since we began keeping count.”可知，沙鱼的数量已经减少了90%以上，所以是被列为濒危物种。故选C项。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当河水开始干涸时，我们捕捉小沙鱼，把它们放在水桶里，然后用卡车把它们运到当地人捐赠的准备好的养鱼场。A. keep保持；B. control控制；C. fool欺骗；D. catch捕捉。根据后文“put them into buckets of water”可知，应是捕捉小沙鱼，然后放在水桶里。故选D项。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当河水开始干涸时，我们捕捉小沙鱼，把它们放在水桶里，然后用卡车把它们运到当地人捐赠的准备好的养鱼场。A. repaired修理；B. donated捐赠；C. discovered发现；D. required需要。根据后文“The support from local people is amazing.”可知，当地人的支持是惊人的，所以应是当地人捐赠的准备好的养鱼场。故选B项。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦沙鱼长到不受威胁的程度，我们就会把它们放回自然生态系统。A. return返回；B. devote致力于；C. sell出售；D. show显示。根据前文“Once the sandfish are large enough to be less threatened”以及后文“to the natural ecosystem”可知，沙鱼长到不受威胁的程度，应是把它们放回自然生态系统。故选A项。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止的数据表明这个项目是成功的。A. serious严重的；B. extra额外的；C. successful成功的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文“We’ve 14 about 36,000 young sandfish over the past three years.”可知，作者他们在过去的三年里，拯救了大约36000只小沙鱼，所以这个项目是成功的。故选C项。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三年里，我们拯救了大约36000只小沙鱼。A. received收到；B. rescued营救；C. recorded记录；D. cleared清理。根据前文“My PhD project at South Africa’s University of Cape Town is in 16 with a nongovernmental organization in saving sandfish.”可知，作者的项目是拯救沙鱼。故选B项。
15.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我期待着明年增加这些数字。A. resulting from由于；B. adding to增加；C. talking about谈论；D. cutting off切断。根据前文“My PhD project is to protect a tiny species of fish”可知，作者想要保护沙鱼，所以是期望沙鱼数量的增加。故选B项。
（二）短文填空
答案：completely in that/which more their than to go helps working wonderful
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述动物迁移的原因，以及在迁移过程中遇到的挑战和困难等。
①考查副词。句意：起初，这些动物看起来完全不同。此空应填副词completely作状语，修饰后面形容词different。故填completely。
②考查介词。句意：但它们都有一个共同点。这里考查have ... in common表“有共同之处”，为固定搭配。故填in。
③考查定语从句。句意：一些迁徙的动物会迁移到温度较高的地方。此空引导限制性定语从句，先行词a place，为物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which/that引导。故填that/which。
④考查形容词比较级。句意：在旅途中，它们面临的挑战超出了我们的想象。由than可知，这里应填形容词的比较级。故填more。
⑤考查代词。句意：它们远离它们的家乡。分析句子可知，这里表示“它们的家乡”，所以此空应填形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
⑥考查固定搭配。句意：例如，每头马里大象每天需要超过200升水。more than表“超过”，为固定搭配。故填than。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：要做到这一点，它们需要从一个水坑到另一个水坑。need to do sth.表“需要做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用不定式形式作宾语。故填to go。
⑧考查时态。句意：团队迁移有助于保护它们的安全。help谓语动词，时态与前后文保持一致，用一般现在表示客观情况，且动名词作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：通过团队合作，迁徙的动物可以在世界上一些最美妙的旅程中幸存下来。介词by后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填working。
⑩考查形容词。句意：通过团队合作，迁徙的动物可以在世界上一些最美妙的旅程中幸存下来。此空应填形容词wonderful作定语，修饰后面名词journeys。故填wonderful。
