Unit 1 Growing up Using language
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
1. routine ________________
2. varied ________________
（二）汉译英
1. n. 惯例，习惯 ________________
2. adj. 各种各样的 ________________
（三）语法检测
1. 将来进行时的基本含义：主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作, 或表示要在将来某一时间开始, 并继续下去的动作。
2.将来进行时的构成:
肯定形式：will/shall be +doing（will 用于各种人称；shall 用于第一人称）
肯定回答：1. ________________
否定回答：2. ________________
一般疑问句：Will/Shall +主语+be +doing？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will/shall +主语+be +doing？
3.时间状语
①明确时间点或日期, 例如3. ________________, on Sunday, 4. ________________
②包含时间段的短语。表示未来某一时间段内持续进行的动作, 常使用5. ________________, 6. ________________等状语。
③模糊或近期未来的状语, 例如7. ________________, in the future等强调动作即将发生或未来可能重复的状态。
④特殊时间状语8. ________________________________表示“到某个未来时间为止”, 动作可能已开始并持续进行。
⑤与时间状语从句连用, 如when, while引导的从句, 进一步明确动作发生的背景。
4.用法
①表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作, 常与9. ________________, at 4o' clock tomorrow afternoon, 10. ________________ 等时间状语连用。
②表示已经安排好要发生的动作。
③ 用于询问别人的计划、打算, 比用一般将来时显得更礼貌；也可用于表示语气较缓和的命令。
④表示对将来的情况或结果的预测。
1. Dressing is a task which we do every day as a matter of r_____ (惯例).
2. The responsibilities of government are numerous, and they are v_____ (各种各样的).
3. Now as Hangzhou has grabbed the world’s attention, tourists from _____ (vary) places have gathered in this heavenly city to enjoy its slow life space and beautiful natural surroundings.
4. Rain forests are home to a rich _____ (vary) of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals.
5. Tastes and preferences are _____ (vary) from individual to individual.
6. At 6 o’ clock tomorrow afternoon, we ________ (practise) basketball skills.
7. Don’t call me at 2 tomorrow afternoon because I ________ (occupy) myself with a scientific experiment then.
8. I won’t be free on Saturday afternoon. I __________ (see) a friend off at the airport.
9. Don’t phone me between 8:00 am and 9:00 am tomorrow, for I_____ (attend) an academic lecture then.
10. I am going on a dream vacation to Hawaii. While you are doing paperwork, I _____ (lie) on a sunny beach.
（一）完形填空
I have received many gifts in my life. I've never been the kind of person to say "It's the thought that 1 " when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present that 2 me away.
For years, I've been wanting to 3 our house, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much 4 just a building. In the front room, there's a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the 5 of my children's growth. Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child's name and the date when they were 6 . Over the years, I've talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the 7 marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.
So one day, while I was at work, my children 8 a professional photographer whose work was about 9 the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ball gowns. She came to our house and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings, 10 and little grey fingerprints. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories 11 . Afterwards, she put all the 12 together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful 13 of my family.
Three weeks later, my children's 14 gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represented the lifetime of all my family members, especially of my children's love and 15 .
1. A. helps B. troubles C. counts D. improves
2. A. sent B. blew C. gave D. put
3. A. sell B. build C. afford D. return
4. A. less than B. more than C. better than D. worse than
5. A. memory B. progress C. influence D. story
6. A. described B. told C. found D. measured
7. A. last B. early C. unforgettable D. bittersweet
8. A. found B. became C. hired D. went
9. A. taking B. covering C. enjoying D. recording
10. A. spots B. circles C. prints D. lines
11. A. happily B. fortunately C. eagerly D. perfectly
12. A. fingerprints B. marks C. photos D. drawings
13. A. history B. future C. difference D. experience
14. A. powerful B. encouraging C. wonderful D. legal
15. A. growth B. courage C. commitment D. need
（二）短文填空
For better or for worse, the widespread and ①_____ (limit) use of drones will affect our lives in different ways. It is certain that as the technology gets more advanced, more drones ②_____ (fly) in the sky. ③_____ all the wonderful functions that drones perform, they may also cause trouble.
Take air traffic for example. When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large
④ _____ (quantity), the sky will be getting more and more crowded. As a result, they are ⑤_____ (likely) to crash into each other. In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, ⑥_____ (pose) a threat to planes that are taking off or landing. Another risk is
⑦_____ people might take advantage of drones to harm others. For instance, as more people will be using drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge. ⑧_____ (legal) hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals.
Such issues must be addressed. The government needs to make laws ⑨_____ (monitor) the production and use of drones. For example, in some countries, ⑩_____ remote pilot licence is required in order to fly a drone for business purposes. At the moment, different countries are developing air traffic control systems that can manage large numbers of drones. Police forces around the world are also looking at ways of stopping drones from flying near airports and stadiums.
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
1. n. 惯例，习惯
2. adj. 各种各样的
（二）汉译英
1. routine
2. varied
（三）语法检测
1. Yes, 主语 + shall/will
2. No, 主语 + shall/will + not
this evening
tomorrow at 8 PM
next week
in two days
soon
“by this time”+未来时间
at this time tomorrow
this time next week
1. 答案：routine
解析：句意: 穿衣打扮是我们每天必须做的事情。routine名词, 意为“惯例, 生活习惯”。
2. 答案：varied
解析：句意: 政府职责很多, 它们各不相同。varied 形容词, 意为“各种各样的”。
3. 答案：various/varied
解析：句意为: 如今, 随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光, 来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市, 享受这里的慢生活空间和美丽的自然环境。设空处修饰名词places, 应用形容词, 表示“各种各样的”。故填 various/ varied。
4. 答案：variety
解析：考查名词。句意: (热带)雨林是种类丰富的药用植物、食物、鸟类和动物的家园。根据空前的“a rich”和空后的“of”可知, 设空处应用名词。a variety of 表示“各种各样的”, variety前可用 wide、rich等词来修饰。故填 variety。
5. 答案：varied
解析：句意: 个人的口味和喜好各不相同。在系动词are后面, 用形容词作表语。
6. 答案：will be practising
解析：考查将来进行时。句意：明天下午六点, 我们将正在练习篮球技巧。根据“At 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon”可知, 是将来某个具体时间点正在进行的动作, 要用将来进行时, 其构成是“will be + 现在分词”, practise的现在分词是practising。故填will be practising。
7. 答案：will be occupying
解析：根据时间状语 “at 2 tomorrow afternoon” 可知, 这里说的是明天下午两点这个将来的时刻正在进行的动作, 要用将来进行时, 其结构为 will be doing, occupy oneself with sth. 是 “忙于某事” 的意思, 所以填 will be occupying。
8. 答案：will be seeing
解析：根据 “I won’t be free on Saturday afternoon. ” 可知, 周六下午这个时间点正在进行送朋友去机场的动作, 所以用将来进行时 will be doing, 故填 will be seeing。
9. 答案：will be attending
解析：句意为: 明天上午8点到9点之间不要给我打电话, 因为那时我正在参加一个学术讲座。时间状语then 指between 8:00 am and 9:00 am tomorrow这个将来时间。结合句意可知, 明天上午8点到9点之间“我”将正在听讲座, 使用将来进行时表原因。故填 will be attending。
10. 答案：will be lying
解析：句意为: 我要去夏威夷度过一个梦幻般的假期。当你在做文书工作的时候, 我将躺在阳光明媚的海滩上。根据I am going on a dream vacation to Hawaii. 可知, 度假是即将发生的动作, 结合时间状语 While you are doing paperwork 可知, 此处强调的是“当你在做文书工作的时候”, 表示在这个特定的将来的时间, “我”正在做的事, 故使用将来进行时。故填 will be lying。
（一）完形填空
答案：1-5. CBABB 6-10. DACDD 11-15. DCACA
解析：1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:说到礼物,我从来不是那种说“心意更重要”的人。A. 帮助; B. 麻烦; C. 重要; D. 改善。结合上下文语境,作者不是那种认为送礼物“心意更重要”的人,it's the thought that counts意为“情意(或心意)更重要”。故选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:直到几周前,我的孩子们送了我一份礼物时,才让我深受感动。结合上文That was until a couple of weeks ago可知孩子们的礼物让作者之前的想法有了改变,让作者深受感动,短语blow sb. away意为“使某人深受感动”,故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:多年来,我一直想卖掉我们的房子,那是我和丈夫养育孩子的地方。A. 出售; B. 创建; C. 买得起; D. 返回。结合后文leaving that wall behind when I moved可知作者想要卖掉房子搬走,故选A。
4. 考查短语辨析。句意:但对我来说,这座房子远不仅仅是一栋建筑。A. 少于; B. 多于,不仅仅; C. 好于; D. 比……糟。结合下文Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child's name及作者对房子细节的描述可知,对作者来说,这远不仅仅是一栋建筑而已。故选B。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。A. 记忆; B. 进展; C. 影响; D. 故事。根据下文Every growth stage is marked in grey可知这些铅笔线记录了孩子们成长的进展。故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个成长阶段都用灰色标记着每个孩子的名字和他们被测量的日期。A. 描述; B. 告诉; C. 发现; D. 测量。结合上文可知墙壁记录了孩子们的成长阶段、每个孩子的名字以及当时测量的日期。故选D。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:……即使最近的印记是在10年前我的孩子们停止成长时做的。A. 最近的; B. 早先的; C. 难忘的; D. 苦乐参半的。根据后文made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing可知最近的印记是在10年前作者的孩子们停止成长时做的。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以有一天,当我在工作的时候,我的孩子们雇了一个专业的摄像师,她的工作是记录生活中美丽的事物。A. 发现; B. 成为; C. 雇用; D. 走。结合下文a professional photographer可知孩子们雇了一个专业的摄像师。故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. 拿走; B. 覆盖; C. 享受; D. 记录。根据下文the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ball gowns可知摄像师的工作是记录生活中美丽的事物。故选D。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:她来到我们的房子,在之后的几个小时,拍了数百幅画、线条和小小的灰色指印的照片。A. 斑点; B. 圆圈; C. 手印; D. 线条。结合上文that has hundreds of pencil lines可知摄像师拍下了作者家里墙壁上的那些灰色线条。故选D。
11. 考查副词词义辨析。A. 快乐地; B. 幸运地; C. 急切地; D. 完美地。根据下文gift made its way to me可知摄像师的工作做得很完美,故选D。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来,她把所有的照片合成了一张影像,把它们变成了我家的美好历史。A. 指印; B. 标记; C. 照片; D. 图画。根据上文孩子们请摄像师来家里拍照可知此处指将所有的照片合成了一张影像。故选C。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. 历史; B. 未来; C. 不同; D. 经验。结合上文房子里的痕迹记录了孩子们的成长可知,这张照片成了作者家庭的历史。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. 强有力的; B. 鼓舞人心的; C. 绝妙的; D. 合法的。结合下文the lifetime of all my family members, especially of my children's love可知作者认为这份礼物非常棒,故选C。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意. 其是我的孩子们的爱和成长。A. 成长; B. 勇气; C. 承诺; D. 需要。根据第二段中my children's growth可知家里的痕迹记录了孩子们的成长,因此照片也代表了孩子们的爱和成长。故选A。
（二）短文填空
答案：unlimited; will be flying/will fly; Despite; quantities; more likely; posing; that; Illegal; to monitor; a
解析：①句意为:不管是好是坏,无人机的广泛和无限制的使用将以不同的方式影响我们的生活。设空处与形容词widespread 共同作定语修饰名词use,设空处也应用形容词,表示“无限制的”。故填unlimited。
②句意为:可以肯定的是,随着技术的进步,更多的无人机将在天空中飞行。设空处在句中作谓语,结合句意可知,此处表示将来发生的事情,所以应用一般将来时或将来进行时。故填 will be flying/will fly。
③句意为:尽管无人机有各种奇妙的功能,但它们也可能带来麻烦。根据句意及空后的名词短语 all the wonderful functions可知,此处应填介词,表示“尽管”。故填 Despite。
④句意为:当大量的客运无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时,天空将变得越来越拥挤。in large quantities为固定短语,意为“大量地”。故填 quantities。
⑤句意为:因此,它们更有可能相互碰撞。根据the sky will be getting more and more crowded 和句意可知,此处表示“更有可能”,应用比较级。故填more likely。
⑥句意为:此外,无人机给航空公司带来了很多麻烦,因为其中一些无人机在机场附近飞行,对起飞或降落的飞机构成威胁。设空处作结果状语,应用非谓语形式,pose和其逻辑主语some of them fly near airports之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填 posing。
⑦句意为:另一个风险是,人们可能会利用无人机伤害他人。设空处引导表语从句,从句语义及结构完整,引导词在从句中不充当成分,无实义,应用 that引导该从句。故填 that。
⑧句意为:非法猎人也可能使用无人机追踪和猎杀动物。由空后hunters为名词可知,设空处作定语,修饰hunters; 根据句意可知,此处表示“非法的”。故填Illegal。
⑨句意为:政府需要制定法律来监控无人机的生产和使用。此处表示“来……; 以……”,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to monitor。
⑩句意为:例如,在一些国家,出于商业目的驾驶无人机需要远程飞行员执照。licence为可数名词,此处泛指“一个远程飞行员执照”,且 remote的读音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。Unit 1 Growing up Starting out & Understanding ideas
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
licence ________________
have a say ________________
election ________________
virtue ________________
behind the wheel ________________
loan ________________
tax ________________
suitable ________________
legal ________________
approval ________________
librarian ________________
gradual ________________
household ________________
mature ________________
commitment ________________
ambulance ________________
minimum ________________
integrity ________________
instantly ________________
wage ________________
organ donation ________________
（二）汉译英
1. adv. 立即，马上 ________________
2. n. 赞成，同意 ________________
3. adj. 合适的 ________________
4. n. 投入，花费 ________________
5. n. （按小时、日或周计算的）工资，薪金
________________
有发言权 ________________
7. adj. 逐渐的，逐步的 ________________
8. n. 美德 ________________
9. 在驾驶汽车 ________________
10. n. 正直诚实 ________________
11. adj. 合法的 ________________
12. n. 执照 ________________
13. n. 选举 ________________
14. n. （银行等的）贷款
________________
15. n. 税 ________________
16. 器官捐献 ________________
17. adj. 最小的，最少的 ________________
18.n. 救护车 ________________
19. adj. 成熟的，明白事理的
________________
20. n. 图书馆管理员 ________________
21. adj. 家庭的 ________________
1. To lead a better life is the Party's ______ (commit) to the people.
2. It's common knowledge that it's ______ (legal) to hunt and kill rare animals.
3. Many schools did not approve ______ students wearing jeans to school.
4. By doing well at school, he hoped to win his parents' _____ (approve).
5. As a teen, have you ever been called childish or ______ (mature) by adults or older peers in your life
6. High-intensity exercise is more _____ (suit) for the young.
7. Being the world's first astronaut, Gagarin ________ (instant) became an international celebrity.
8. It's impossible to draw a conclusion that she will win the next _____ (elect).
9. The old man has two daughters, one of whom is a _____ (library).
10. 年轻人应该对政策的制定有发言权。(say)
Young people______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the formulation of policies.
（一）完形填空
New York woman earned plenty of praise online after she wrote a message offering to help her elderly neighbors.
Maggie Connolly, who lives in Brooklyn's Carroll Gardens neighborhood, 1 her handwritten letter 2 several grocery stores in her community were short of supplies, according to Fox News.
The letter, which was 3 to "elderly neighbors and those with poor health", included Connolly's email address and an offer to help those 4 people.
Connolly's neighbor reposted a picture of the letter, after which it was 5 by several popular online accounts. One post even earned nearly 50,000 6 and hundreds of comments from users who called the effort "sweet" and " 7 ".
Others used the message as a source of 8 , saying it served as a reminder as to how people should 9 during emergencies.
Connolly told Fox News she received plenty of responses to the 10 , with people of all age ranges asking for help. She 11 that she also got emails from other people who were following 12 in their own neighborhoods.
"Many people 13 to others not only in the neighborhood, but also all over the world, sending me pictures of their signs that they're making, which I think is so huge," she said.
Connolly says she's 14 working with around 70 volunteers in her own neighborhood — a community she's hoping to grow by working with the initiative Invisible Hands, which offers delivery 15 to those in need throughout New York City and Jersey City.
1. A. posted B. announced C. delivered D. composed
2. A. before B. after C. until D. unless
3. A. attached B. applied C. referred D. written
4. A. lucky B. anxious C. ambitious D. needy
5. A. witnessed B. copied C. shared D. designed
6. A. likes B. thumbs C. flowers D. dollars
7. A. puzzling B. unhelpful C. amazing D. boring
8. A. explanation B. inspiration C. determination D. satisfaction
9. A. feel B. behave C. survive D. cook
10. A. bill B. notice C. warning D. letter
11. A. complained B. commented C. added D. predicted
12. A. suit B. law C. routes D. rules
13. A. work out B. reach out C. turn out D. make out
14. A. simply B. possibly C. instantly D. currently
15. A. aid B. love C. machine D. medicine
（二）短文填空
In most countries, turning 18 ①______ (mark) the start of adulthood. Here, three young people talk about their ②______ (view) on turning 18.
Bethany, now 16, thinks ③______ is unreasonable that she doesn't have the right to vote in elections although she has been working since leaving school. Also, she has been taking driving lessons, but she isn't allowed to get her driving licence. In fact, she ④______ (take) the driving test on the very day she turns 18. She can't wait to be 18.
Lin Ning, 19, thought he would feel ⑤______ (instant) different after celebrating his 18th birthday, but it wasn't. Crowing up is a gradual process. Instead of being the selfish teenager he used ⑥______ (be), he has begun to become more thoughtful and to have a sense of ⑦______ (responsible). Turning 18 also means he has the freedom to plan his own life and make many decisions ⑧______ (make) independently.
In Morgan's eyes, adult life is different from ⑨______ he has expected. He has to live with his parents because he finds it hard to save money after contributing ⑩______ the household bills and paying for his commute. He believes that some responsibilities are more about attitude than age.
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
n. 执照
有发言权
n. 选举
n. 美德
在驾驶汽车
n. （银行等的）贷款
n. 税
adj. 合适的
adj. 合法的
n. 赞成，同意
n. 图书馆管理员
adj. 逐渐的，逐步的
adj. 家庭的
adj. 成熟的，明白事理的
n. 投入，花费
n. 救护车
adj. 最小的，最少的
n. 正直诚实
adv. 立即，马上
n. （按小时、日或周计算的）工资，薪金
器官捐献
（二）汉译英
instantly
approval
suitable
commitment
wage
have a say
gradual
virtue
behind the wheel
integrity
legal
licence
election
loan
tax
organ donation
minimum
ambulance
mature
librarian
household
1. 答案：commitment
解析：考查词形转换。句意: 过上更好的生活是党对老百姓的承诺。分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词。commitment意为"承诺, 保证"。
2. 答案：illegal
解析：考查词形转换。句意: 猎杀珍稀动物是违法的,这是常识。根据句意可知, 此处表示"违法的", 应用形容词illegal。
3. 答案：of
解析：句意为: 许多学校不赞成学生穿牛仔裤上学。approve of为固定搭配, 意为“同意, 赞成”。故填of。
4. 答案：答案：approval
解析：考查词性转换。句意: 通过在学校的良好表现, 他希望得到父母的认可。所有格后面跟名词形式, 故填approval。
5. 答案：immature
解析：句意为: 作为一名青少年, 在你的生活中, 你是否曾经被成年人或年长的同龄人认为幼稚或不成熟 设空处与形容词 childish并列作宾补, 结合句意, 设空处应和 childish意义相近, 表示“不成熟的”。故填immature。
6. 答案：suitable
解析：考查形容词。句意: 高强度运动更适合年轻人。根据句意可知, 此处使用的是固定搭配“be suitable for”, 意为“适合 ”。故填 suitable。
7. 答案：instantly
解析：考查词性转换。句意: 加加林是世界上第一位宇航员, 因此他立刻成了国际名人。此处应用副词修饰动词became, 故填instantly。
8. 答案：election
解析：句意: 得出她将赢得下一次选举的结论是不可能的。形容词next修饰名词。
9. 答案：librarian
解析：句意: 这位老人有两个女儿, 其中一个是图书管理员。librarian 名词, 意为"图书管理员"。
10. 答案： should have a say on
解析：have a say on . . . 意为“对……有发言权”。与have a say经常搭配的介词还有in, 侧重指“在……中/方面有发言权”。
（一）完形填空
答案：1-5. ABDDC 6-10. ACBBD 11-15. CABDA
解析1. 由下文中的"Connolly's neighbor reposted a picture of the letter"可知, 此处表示在网上发
布她的手写信。故A项符合文意。
2. 根据语境可知, Connolly这样做是在社区的几个食品杂货店供应紧缺之后, 故选B。
3. 根据语境可知, 此处表示这封信是写给上了年纪的邻居和身体不好的人的。故选D。
4. 由空前的help以及最后一段中的"those in need"可知, needy"缺食物(钱)的"符合文意。
5. 根据下文描述可知, 此处表示这封信被几个受欢迎的网上账户分享了。故选C。
6. 由下文中的"comments from users who called the effort 'sweet'"可知, 此处表示有一个帖子甚至获得了差不多五万个赞(likes), 故选A。
7. 根据空前的"sweet"可知, 空处要选表示积极意义的形容词, 再结合上文描述可知,amazing"令人惊喜的"最符合文意。
8. 由下文中的"it served as a reminder"可知, 这封信给他人带来了灵感。故选B。
9. 这封信提醒人们在紧急情况下该如何表现(behave), 故选B。
10. 由语境可知空处说的是Connolly发的那封信, 故选D。
11. 由上文中的"Connolly told Fox News"以及下文中的"she also got emails from other people"可知此处是她接着说的内容。add"补充说, 继续说"符合文意。
12. 根据语境可知, 此处表示很多人仿效她的做法。follow suit为固定搭配, 意为"照着做, 仿效"。故选A。
13. 根据语境可知, 此处指许多人表示愿意给他人提供援助。reach out to sb. "表示愿意提供援助"符合文意。
14. Connolly 说她目前正在和她自己社区的大约70名志愿者一起工作, 故currently"目前, 当前"符合文意。
15. 结合语境可知, Invisible Hands倡议提供送达帮助。故aid"援助, 帮助"符合文意。
（二）短文填空
答案：marks; views; it; will be taking/will take; instantly; to be; responsibility; made; what; to
解析：①设空处为句子的谓语动词, 主语为动名词短语turning 18, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式; 此处陈述客观事实, 应用一般现在时。故填 marks。
②view作“观点”时为可数名词, 根据 their及语境可知, 此处应用复数形式。
③分析句子结构可知, thinks后为省略 that的宾语从句, 此处为“it is adj. +that从句”结构, it为形式主语, that引导的从句为真正的主语。
④根据时间状语 on the very day she turns 18可知, 此处表示未来某一具体时间发生的动作, 应用将来进行时或一般将来时。
⑤此处修饰动词 feel, 应用副词形式。
⑥ used to be为固定结构, 表示“曾是……”。
⑦a sense of responsibility 为固定用法, 意为“责任感”。
⑧此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构, 设空处作宾补, make与decisions之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词。
⑨设空处引导宾语从句, 从句中缺少 expected的宾语, 表示“……的样子”。故填what。
⑩contribute to为固定搭配, 意为“有助于”, 此处表示“分担家用”。Unit 1 Growing up Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
lay aside ________________
conclusion ________________
devote oneself to ________________
evidence ________________
at a glance ________________
chew ________________
consequence ________________
bond ________________
digestion ________________
digest ________________
golf ________________
politics ________________
airline ________________
boa constrictor ________________
（二）汉译英
1.n. 后果 ________________
2. n. 消化（过程） ________________
3. v. 消化（食物） ________________
4. 致力于，献身于 ________________
5. 蟒蛇 ________________
6. n. 证据 ________________
7. v. 咀嚼 ________________
8. 把…… 搁置一边 ________________
9. n. 纽带，关系 ________________
10. n. 结论 ________________
11. n. 高尔夫球运动 _______________
12. n. 政治 ________________
13. n. 航空公司 ________________
14. 一瞥，看一眼 ________________
1. There was ________ (evident) that a sudden and complete change in weather probably led to a long dry period.
2. I've come to the ________ (conclude) that he's not the suitable candidate for the job.
3. This ________ (evident) supports the view that there is a connection between vehicle exhaust-emissions and environmental pollution.
4. ________ (consequent), she understood it and became interested in traditional Chinese culture.
5. My parents live a simple life in order to lay ________ enough money for my higher education.
6. As the saying goes, reading without reflecting is like eating without ________ (digest).
7. The librarian is not only a famous ________ (politics) but also a great poet.
8. ________ a consequence of his hard work and perseverance, he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University.
9. The nurses in Fangcang Hospital devoted all their spare time to ________ (help) the children with their studies.
10. We have come ________ the conclusion that he's not the right person for the job.
（一）完形填空
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time,
1 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no
4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I'd 5 minimum wage. I'd see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their 7 .
Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd 12 .
Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Bernardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
1. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
2. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
3. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
4. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
5. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
6. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
7. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
8. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
9. A. Save В. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
10. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
11. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
12. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
13. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
14. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
15. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
（二）短文填空
When Joe began his school, all ①_______ (sign) pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite disheartening. He even found ②_______ (he) at the bottom of the class in the fourth grade. Joe struggled ③_______ (handle) his school work day and night, but what was tiresome was that it did not work-until one stormy afternoon.
On that afternoon, the math teacher was introducing a difficult concept ④_______ dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in. Although she tried to make the kids concentrate, the thunder won the battle for their attention. No one grasped the concept except for Joe. He understood and answered all ⑤_______ questions correctly. The teacher patted him on the back and told him to go around to the others and explain how he had managed it. ⑥_______ (encourage) by his newfound success, Joe moved quickly throughout the room. Soon math ⑦_______ (follow) by the art class. All children naturally drew dark pictures ⑧_______ such a day except for Joe.
Since then, Joe started to take on more ⑨_______ (challenge) tasks than before. His math teacher was ⑩_______ (frequent) pondering over the amazing change: "Why had that stormy day changed Joe "
At the graduation ceremony, Joe presented the teacher with his most familiar collection—the picture of a bright yellow sun. On the picture Joe had written; This is the day I woke up to my brightness.
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
1. 把…… 搁置一边
2. n. 结论
3. 致力于，献身于
4. n. 证据
5. 一瞥，看一眼
6. v. 咀嚼
7. n. 后果
8. n. 纽带，关系
9. n. 消化（过程）
10. v. 消化（食物）
11. n. 高尔夫球运动
12. n. 政治
13. n. 航空公司
14. 蟒蛇
（二）汉译英
consequence
digestion
digest
devote oneself to
boa constrictor
evidence
chew
lay aside
bond
conclusion
golf
politics
airline
at a glance
1. 答案：evidence
解析：考查名词。句意：有证据表明，天气的突然大变可能导致长期的干旱。根据句意可知，此处使用的是“there was evidence that. . . ”句型，空处要用名词作主语，后面是that引导的同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词evidence 的具体内容。故填 evidence。
2. 答案：conclusion
解析：句意：我得出结论，他不是这份工作的合适人选。come to the conclusion that. . . “得出结论……, 断定……”。
3. 答案：evidence
解析：句意：这一证据支持车辆排放物与环境污染之间存在联系的观点。所填词在句中作主语，且谓语动词为第三人称单数，用名词的单数形式。
4. 答案：Consequently
解析：句意：结果，她明白了并且对中国传统文化产生了兴趣。分析句法结构可知，空格处作整个句子的状语，故用其副词形式，又因为位于句首，所以首字母大写。
5. 答案：aside
解析：句意：为了存够让我接受高等教育的钱，我父母过着俭朴的生活。lay sth. aside把……放在一边；储存。
6. 答案：digesting/digestion
解析：句意：正如谚语所说，“读书不思考犹如吃饭不消化”。without为介词，后接v. -ing形式或名词作宾语，故填digesting或digestion。
7. 答案：politician
解析：句意：这位图书馆管理员不仅是著名的政治家，而且是伟大的诗人。politician名词，意为“政治家”。
8. 答案：As
解析：考查固定短语。句意：因为他的努力学习和坚持不懈，他最终被南京大学录取了。as a consequence of为固定短语，表示“因为”，故填As。
9. 答案：helping
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：方舱医院的护士们把所有的业余时间都用来帮助那些孩子学习。devote. . . to. . . 的to为介词，其后跟动词的-ing形式，故填helping。
10. 答案：to
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我们已得出结论，他不是这份工作的合适人选。come to the conclusion为固定搭配，表示“得出结论”，故填to。
（一）完形填空
答案：1-5. CADAB 6-10. ABCDA 11-15. BCBDD
1. 答案：C
解析：根据上文中的“ . . . I worked in a baking factory. ”可知，烘焙工厂自然应该“制作”蛋糕。C项意为“制作”，故C项正确。
2. 答案：A
解析：根据本句的逻辑关系，its的逻辑主语Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙工厂的名字；再结合常识可知，烘焙工厂要向它的门店供货。A项意为“商店”，故A项正确。
3. 答案：D
解析：根据空后的“during our spring break”可知，这家烘焙工厂需要的只是临时工。D项意为“临时的”，故D项正确。
4. 答案：A
解析：根据空前的“for which”可知，which指代的应该是our spring break。所以空处所在句是说春假期间“我”除了听“我”最喜欢的唱片外没有别的“计划”。故A项正确。
5. 答案：B
解析：根据第一段的内容可知，“我”最终在这家烘焙工厂工作了；再结合空后的“minimum wage”可知，“我”能挣得最低工资。故B项正确。
6. 答案：A
解析：下文一系列的描写性语言如“Place cakes on a moving belt. ”正是对一家工厂的日常运作情况的描写，故此处表示“我”会看到一家工厂是如何运作的。A项意为“运转；使运作”，故A项正确。
7. 答案：B
解析：根据空前的“My parents thought tall of this was a grand idea”可知，“我”的父母认为这是个好主意，于是“准许”了并给“我”朋友的父亲打了电话。B项意为“准许”，故B项正确。
8. 答案：C
解析：根据空处所在句“Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. ”以及下文一系列对行动的描写可知，此处表示“我们”在工厂的角色很简单。C项意为“角色”，故C项正确。
9. 答案：D
解析：根据上文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt. ”可知，此处表达的意思与其相呼应，表示把蛋糕从传送带上“取下来”。D项意为“移开，拿走”，故D项正确。
10. 答案：A
解析：根据本段最后一句中的“it was all a little more high-pressure than. . . ”可以判断，工厂实际的工作压力比“我”预料的要大。由此可知，空处所在句是说工作要比听上去更难。A项意为“更困难的”，故A项正确。
11. 答案：B
解析：根据空后的“a bit and the cakes pile up”并结合常识可知，工人的动作如果稍微慢下来，蛋糕就会堆积起来。B项意为“慢下来”，故B项正确。
12. 答案：C
解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”原以为在烘焙工厂的工作会很简单，但其实工作的压力比“我”预料的要大；再结合空前的“it was all a little more high-pressure than”可以判断，C项符合语境，意为“预计，预料”。
13. 答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood. . . ”可知，“我”的父亲儿时也曾经在暑期“打工”。他对这种工作深有体会，所以在“我”讲述第一天工作的感受时，父亲笑了。B项符合父亲的心境。故B项正确。
14. 答案：D
解析：根据上文中的“The son of a grocer”可知，作者的父亲是食品杂货商的儿子；再结合常识可知，作者的父亲需要给他人“运送”食物，故D项正确。
15. 答案：D
解析：根据空后的“the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work”可知，父亲在说这种工作能教会人什么道理；再结合常识可知，此处表示这种工作能让你“重视”自己的劳动所得。故D项正确。
（二）短文填空
答案：signs; himself; to handle ;when; the; Encouraged; was followed; on; challenging; frequently
解析：①考查名词的数。句意：当Joe开始上学时，所有迹象都指向成功。分析可知设空处为主句的主语，结合空前的all可知设空处应用名词的复数形式作主语，故填 signs。
②考查代词。句意：四年级时他甚至发现自己是班里的最后一名。设空处作found的宾语，此句主语与宾语都是指Joe, 当主语和宾语是同一个人时，宾语要用反身代词。故填 himself。
③考查动词不定式。句意：Joe夜以继日地努力应付他的功课，但烦人的是，这并未奏效一直到一个暴风雨的下午。struggle to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示“努力做某事”，故填to handle。
④考查连词。句意：那天下午，数学老师正在引入难懂的概念，这时乌云笼罩着天空，暴风雨来了。由句意可知，此处表示“正在做某事，这时……”，应用句式“be doing sth. when. . . ”。故填when。
⑤考查冠词。句意：他理解并回答正确了所有问题。此处指“老师提出的那些问题”，表示特指，故填the。
⑥考查过去分词。句意：受到他的新成就的鼓舞，Joe在教室里迅速移动。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语；主语Joe 和encourage 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Encouraged。
⑦考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：很快，数学课之后是美术课。由时间状语“Soon”和语境可知，本句和上文都是描述过去的事件，应用一般过去时。主语math 和 follow 之间是被动关系，且math为第三人称单数形式，谓语也应用第三人称单数形式。故填 was followed。
⑧考查介词。句意：除了Joe, 所有的孩子在这样的日子里自然而然地画出黑暗的画面。此处指在暴风雨的这一天，表示在具体的某一天要用介词on。故填on。
⑨考查形容词。句意：从那以后，Joe开始承担比以前更具挑战性的任务。设空处修饰名词tasks, 且空前有more修饰，则设空处应用形容词作定语；结合语境可知设空处表示“具有挑战性的”，故填 challenging。
⑩考查副词。句意：“为什么那个暴风雨的日子改变了Joe ”他的数学老师经常思考这个惊人的变化。设空处修饰谓语 was pondering, 应用副词作状语，故用frequent的副词形式 frequently, 表示“经常”。
