Section Ⅳ Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．Traffic problems make people stressed out and angry.
B．Traffic problems have effects on people but there are solutions to it.
C．Traffic pollution makes people choose to walk or cycle，leaving people healthy.
D．Traffic pollution is the major cause of climate change and it’s hard to solve the problem.
答案 B
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Traffic Problems Effects Personal: angry，stressed out，tired
Social：the ever increasing number of cars；about 2,500 deaths related to 1.traffic accidents every year；2.global warming and climate change；3.deaths caused by air pollution；some types of 4.cancer are related to traffic pollution
Possible solutions Use your legs
5.Use public transport
6.Think before you go
7.Share cars
8.Take action
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
1．Why does the writer mention the excuse in the first paragraph
A．To find the cause of being late.
B．To give a reason for using cars.
C．To complain about the traffic jams.
D．To show us that cars are bad for us.
答案 B
2．How many cars were there in Britain 20 years ago
A．12.6 million. B．24 million.
C．18.4 million. D．25.6 million.
答案 D
3．What does the writer advise us to do
A．Use our head.
B．Drive our car alone.
C．Avoid long journeys.
D．Buy public transport.
答案 C
4．What can we infer about the writer from the last paragraph
A．He can’t go without cars.
B．He has a beautiful daughter.
C．He will take action immediately.
D．He gives his son a busy schedule.
答案 A
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
Cars have made people 1.angry(anger)，stressed out and caused the real costs socially.Take Britain for example.In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads 2.has gone(go) up by 25%.Over the last decade,3.an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.Traffic is one of the major 4.causes(cause) of global warming and climate change.Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.Some types of cancer 5.are related(relate) to traffic pollution.
Here is some advice about how 6.to give(give) up driving.Firstly，use your legs.Regular exercise can cut the risk of heart disease by 50%！Secondly，use public transport.Thirdly，think before you go.Before 7.getting(get) into your car，think about 8.whether you really need to make that journey.Besides，share cars.It is much cheaper and 9.more friendly(friendly) to the environment.Lastly，take action! Don’t just sit 10.around and complain!
1．Traffic is one of the major causes(cause) of global warming and climate change，as car engines produce various types(type) of greenhouse gases.(P59 Part 1)
结构分析：此句为复合句，其中as引导原因状语从句。
汉语翻译：交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。
2．We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise，pollution and danger of traffic.(P59 Part 2)
结构分析：此句为复合句，think后面为省略了引导词that的宾语从句；we can do about...traffic为省略关系词that的定语从句。
汉语翻译：我们经常觉得面对噪声、污染和交通危险，自己无能为力。
3．Do whichever of these things(thing) that suit you.(P59 Part 2)
结构分析：此句为复合句，that引导定语从句。
汉语翻译：做这些事情中适合你的任何一件。
4．Well，I’m sorry I have to finish this article，but I’ve got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm.(P59 Part 2)
结构分析：此句为并列复合句，由表转折的连词but连接；在but前的分句中，I have to finish this article为宾语从句。
汉语翻译：好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。
annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的(annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼 annoying adj.使人烦恼的 annoyance n．生气；令人烦恼的事物)
be annoyed with sb about/at sth为某事对某人生气
be annoyed to do sth因做某事而恼怒
What annoys sb most is that...最让某人生气的是……
to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是
(1)It is annoying(annoy) to get stuck in the traffic jam for 5 hours，making us late for work.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)我对他令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪感到恼火。最让我生气的是他满嘴食物大声喧哗。此外，令我气恼的是，他甚至用筷子指着别人。最后，我是如此烦和他一起吃饭，以至于我很早就离开了，气得满脸通红。
I was annoyed with him about/at his annoying table manners.What annoyed me most was that he talked loudly with his mouth full of food.Moreover，to my annoyance，he even pointed at others with his chopsticks.Finally，I was so annoyed to have dinner together with him that I left early，with my face flaming with anger.
stressed out 焦虑的 (stress n．压力；重音；重要性 vt.强调；重读 stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的 stressed adj.焦虑不安的)
·lay/place/put stress on sth 强调某事；给某物压力
under stress在压力下
·stress out(使)焦虑不安，疲惫不堪
(1)Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.
(2)Before becoming a designer，I was not aware that it would be a stressful(stress) job.
(3)It upset me that the more I put stress on the importance of being careful，the more distracted my son became.
[写作佳句]
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)尽管我们心力交瘁，我们眼中却闪烁着希望的光芒。
Though we were stressed out，our eyes were glittering with hope.
go up 上升
go through经历；通过；仔细检查；用完
go by(时间)流逝；消逝
go over复习；温习
(1)用go短语的正确形式填空
①It makes countless people worried that the price of houses has gone up in some cities.
②I will share with you some advice because I went through the same thing last year.
③With time going by，he forgot the whole thing，making everyone surprised and sad.
④In addition，to improve your academic performance，you’d better go over the lessons before the exams.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之慰问、建议信)我完全理解你在高考前所经历的一切，因为很多课程都需要复习。
I entirely understand what you are going through before the College Entrance Examination，because many lessons need going over.
relate vi.相联系，有关联 (related adj.相联系的 relation n．关联，联系)
·relate to...和……有关联；和……合得来
be related to...和……有关联；和……有联系
·in relation to关于；与……相比
(1)I have nothing to say in relation to the feedback of those customers.
(2)If you are curious about Chinese culture，you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity to read the article related(relate) to table manners.
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)不断增加的私家车和大气污染密切相关。
The ever-increasing private cars are closely related to air pollution.
suit vt.适合；满足(某人)需要，合(某人)心意；相配，合身 n．套装(suitable adj.适合的 unsuitable adj.不适合的)
·suit one’s need/taste 满足某人的需要/适合某人的口味
·be suitable for适合……
be suitable to do sth 做某事是合适的
(1)How can we seek out a really suitable(suit) person to replace the chairman of the important meeting
(2)Your jeans are not suitable for such a formal occasion，so you’d better replace it with a suit.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之推荐信)我深信没人比我们班长更适合在幼儿园帮你了。
I hold the strong belief that nobody is more suitable to assist you in the kindergarten than our monitor.
训练4 Lesson 3
[分值：62.5分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)
1．随着越来越多的人进入城市，房价持续快速上涨。(go up)
With more and more people moving into cities，the price of houses keeps going up rapidly.
2．在进入这座城市的新学校后，很多人在网上攻击她，这个女孩感到很紧张。(stressed out)
With many people attacking her online after moving to a new school in the city，the girl felt stressed out.
3．与此同时，她的父母对那些对他们的女儿不友好的人感到恼火。(be annoyed with)
Meanwhile，her parents were annoyed with those who were unfriendly to their daughter.
4．无论女孩什么时候遇到与学习有关的难题，她都会求助于她的父母。(be related to)
No matter when the girl met with a difficult problem related to study，she would turn to her parents.
5．令我们惊讶的是，现在这个女孩不仅外向，还全身心投入到阅读一本适合初学者的英语小说中。(be suitable for)
Much to our amazement，now not only is the girl outgoing but also she devotes herself to reading an English novel suitable for beginners.
组句成篇 以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
参考范文
With more and more people moving into cities，the price of houses keeps going up rapidly.However，Mary’s parents still bought a new house and moved to the city and Mary entered a new school.Unfortunately，with many people attacking her online after moving to a new school in the city，the girl felt stressed out.Meanwhile，her parents were annoyed with those who were unfriendly to their daughter.Then no matter when the girl met with a difficult problem related to study，she would turn to her parents.Soon the problem was solved.Much to our amazement，now not only is the girl outgoing but also she devotes herself to reading an English novel suitable for beginners.
Ⅱ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban(城市的) areas is becoming harder to find.If you’re lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park-goers，asking them to submit(呈递) a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding(编码) experiences into different kinds.For example，one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the kinds “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”．
Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen kinds were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic(家庭的) form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项基于大型城市公园的游客体验的研究表明，城市地区的野生环境对人类福祉至关重要，并强调了保护自然环境的必要性。
1．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban(城市的) areas is becoming harder to find...but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.”可知，作者在开头描述了在城市里很难找到相对野生的自然环境的现象。故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “emerge” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Imagine. B．Obtain.
C．Appear. D．Integrate.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen kinds were noted most often as important to visitors.”可知，根据编码的结果得出重要的类别，由此推知，此处指“自然语言”的类别模式从结果中显现，画线词意思与appear“出现，显现”相近。故选C。
3．Why did the researchers code participants’ submissions into categories
A．To compare different types of park-goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen kinds were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.”可知，根据编码的结果，研究人员得出了哪些类别的自然体验对人们来说最重要。由此可知，研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行分类是为了在游客的总结中找到特定模式。故选D。
4．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A．Language study.
B．Environmental protection.
C．Public education.
D．Intercultural communication.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Peter Kahn所说的话“we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，Kahn认为在我们与自然互动之前，我们应该保护环境。故选B。
B
(2025·江苏扬州高二上期中)
Everyone knows this: Slowly turn up the heat on a frog in a pot of water，and the frog won’t hop out.Unaware of the slight increase in heat，it will stay until—well，until it dies.When it comes to the effect of rising global temperatures on amphibians(两栖动物)，the frog-boiling story is more than just a metaphor(隐喻)．
Climate change is becoming one of the biggest threats to frogs and other amphibians，according to a major study published in the journal Nature.Between 2004 and 2022，rising temperatures became the main reason why more than 100 amphibian species were nearly dying out.
The spread of disease among frogs and the destruction of their habitats have long been recognized as reasons why many amphibians are decreasing.But this new study establishes climate change as a major risk for amphibians around the world，too.The soft-skinned animals lack the fur and feathers to help adjust(调节) their temperature in this hotter and drier world.
Less attention is paid to frogs and other amphibians compared to more well-known groups like birds.But losing amphibians would be serious because they often act as a key link in the food web of ecosystems，wolfing insects down and，in turn，being eaten by larger predators(捕食者)．“Without those amphibians to fill that role，we will see the breakdown of this food web，” said Neam，who works for an Austin-based environmental group.
Luckily，habitat protection and other measures have been taken to help recover more than five dozen amphibian species from Costa Rica to Malaysia.“It’s not all bad news，” said Jennifer Luedtke，an amphibian group leader with the International Union for Conservation of Nature.“But we really must build on this improvement and significantly increase the amphibian conservation.”
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现气候变化在导致两栖动物数量减少，并分析了两栖动物数量减少会带来的影响。
5．How is the topic introduced
A．By sharing a story.
B．By raising a question.
C．By explaining ideas.
D．By listing facts.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone knows this: Slowly turn up...When it comes to the effect of rising global temperatures on amphibians(两栖动物)，the frog-boiling story is more than just a metaphor(隐喻)．”可知，文章通过分享温水煮青蛙的故事引入主题——当谈到全球气温上升对两栖动物的影响时，煮青蛙的寓言不仅仅是一个隐喻。故选A。
6．What is the main reason for the decrease of amphibians according to the new study
A．The loss of habitats.
B．The lack of feathers.
C．The spread of disease.
D．The rise of temperature.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Between 2004 and 2022，rising temperatures became the main reason why more than 100 amphibian species were nearly dying out.”可知，这项新研究表明，两栖动物数量减少的主要原因是温度的升高。故选D。
7．What will happen if the number of amphibians decreases continuously
A．Wolves will depend more on insects.
B．Predators will be the key role of the web.
C．The ecosystem will become more diverse.
D．The food chain will be destroyed.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Without those amphibians to fill that role，we will see the breakdown of this food web”可知，如果两栖动物的数量持续减少，食物网将崩溃，即食物链会遭到破坏。故选D。
8．How does Luedtke feel about the future of amphibians
A．Uncertain. B．Curious.
C．Hopeful. D．Worried.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s not all bad news”以及“But we really must build on this improvement and significantly increase the amphibian conservation.”可知，Jennifer Luedtke认为并不全是坏消息，但必须大幅增加对两栖动物的保护。由此可推知Luedtke对两栖动物的未来抱有希望。故选C。
Ⅲ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·海南文昌高二上月考)
Wherever you go，you’ll notice the plastic crisis(危机) faced by the planet.Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem. 1 You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles—a brilliant idea which can be adapted to suit almost any household in any environment.
An example from India shows how this inventive technique is truly changing lives.The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden they had created at their home.The family used over 175,000 plastic bottles to create the garden，fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. 2 Incredibly，this has lowered the internal temperature of their home.
3 If you have a wall，you can have a vertical bottle garden.With space so limited around urban areas，this is a vital benefit，especially to urban residents.
If you struggle with ordinary gardening due to joint or muscle problems，vertical gardening can help you enjoy caring for plants without having to bend too much. 4 Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself，but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world.
Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home，or increasingly，whether large institutions get on board with the concept，every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant，actively reducing local pollution. 5
A．You don’t need a lot of space.
B．As a result，you feel a sense of your own worth.
C．The key is，what can be used to replace plastic products
D．The plants are watered using a simple drip irrigation system.
E．Besides，interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health.
F．Additionally，vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well.
G．What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何通过使用废弃塑料瓶建造垂直花园来应对塑料危机，并介绍了这种方法的多种好处。
1．答案 G
解析 根据上文“Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem.”可知，许多人正在为地球面临的塑料危机寻求创造性的解决方案，下文“You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles”提出可以通过用塑料瓶建造垂直花园来做到this，可推知空处应该是提出一个解决思路。G选项“如果我们把废塑料好好利用，同时丰富生活呢？”符合语境，且下文中的this就是指的这个做法。故选G。
2．答案 D
解析 根据空前一句可知，这个家庭用了超过17.5万个塑料瓶来建造花园，把瓶子固定在房子的外墙上，里面种满了33种植物。空后一句提到这降低了他们家的内部温度，是垂直花园的效果，可推知空处承接空前内容继续讲家庭花园的具体做法。D选项“这些植物被用一种简单的滴灌系统浇灌”符合语境。故选D。
3．答案 A
解析 空处为本段首句，根据本段下文可知，本段在强调垂直花园的一个重要优势是所需空间小。故A选项“你不需要太多空间”可总领本段下文，符合语境。故选A。
4．答案 E
解析 根据下文“...but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world.”可知，与植物互动对心理健康有积极影响。故E选项“此外，与植物的互动对心理健康有积极的影响”引起下文，E选项中mental health呼应下文中的inner balance and have further calming benefits，符合语境。故选E。
5．答案 B
解析 根据本段上文可知，创建自己的小型垂直塑料花园是回收塑料的有益行为，这种做法减少了当地污染，B选项“因此，你会感觉到自己的价值”进一步说明了这种做法带来的心理层面的益处，符合语境。故选B。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·浙江高二上期中)
With the proposed Law on National Parks,1. is the first of its kind，the domestic national parks will hopefully get better，more systemic and more sustainable protection.
The first five national parks,2. (include) the Sanjiangyuan National Park，were established in October,2021.The past three years 3. (see) the river sources being well protected.
Precious experience 4. (gain) from managing the national parks helped the proposed law to come into being.It is expected 5. (provide) legal support for enforcing the law against animal poaching or destruction of protected plants，and more.
More importantly，the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated.6. (global)，having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; 7. the contrary，most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks.It also helps the national park management 8. (body) to raise some income of their own.
That’s what makes the job of national park management more sustainable,9. such activities need strict standards to avoid harming the ecology.The proposed Law on National Parks will establish a legal framework for this job，so as to protect national parks in 10. more sustainable and efficient manner.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拟议中的《国家公园法》旨在通过严格标准和法律框架使国内国家公园得到更好、更系统和更可持续的保护。
1．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the proposed Law on National Parks，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
2．答案 including
解析 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知空处为非谓语动词，include与其逻辑主语The first five national parks之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填including。
3．答案 have/has seen
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。The past three years作主语，表示一个整体时间段，可看作单数也可看作复数，谓语动词用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，助词用have/has。故填have/has seen。
4．答案 gained
解析 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语Precious experience与gain之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填gained。
5．答案 to provide
解析 考查不定式。be expected to do sth是固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”。故填to provide。
6．答案 Globally
解析 考查副词。副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母大写。故填Globally。
7．答案 on
解析 考查介词。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反”，符合句意。故填on。
8．答案 bodies
解析 考查名词复数。body在此作可数名词“团体，机构”，结合后面的of their own可知，这里指的是多个国家公园管理机构。故填bodies。
9．答案 but/yet
解析 考查连词。空前提到高效管理国家公园的商业活动可以传播知识、创造收益，使得国家公园的管理工作更可持续，空后半句则指出这些活动需要严格的标准以避免伤害生态，可推知本空前后为转折关系，应用转折连词but或yet连接两个分句。故填but/yet。
10．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。in a．..manner是固定搭配，意为“以一种……的方式”，符合句意，且空后单词more的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 (共78张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction
CONSERVATION
UNIT 3
内容索引
Part 1 课文深度理解
Part 2 长句难句分析
Part 3 语言知识梳理
训练4
课文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Traffic problems make people stressed out and angry.
B.Traffic problems have effects on people but there are solutions to it.
C.Traffic pollution makes people choose to walk or cycle，leaving people
healthy.
D.Traffic pollution is the major cause of climate change and it’s hard to
solve the problem.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Traffic Problems Effects Personal: angry，stressed out，tired
Social：the ever increasing number of cars；about 2,500 deaths related to 1.______________
every year；2. and climate change；3. caused by air pollution；some types of 4. are related to traffic pollution
traffic accidents
global warming
deaths
cancer
Traffic Problems Possible solutions Use your legs
5.___________________
6.___________________
7.___________
8.___________
Use public transport
Think before you go
Share cars
Take action
1.Why does the writer mention the excuse in the first paragraph
A.To find the cause of being late.
B.To give a reason for using cars.
C.To complain about the traffic jams.
D.To show us that cars are bad for us.
√
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
2.How many cars were there in Britain 20 years ago
A.12.6 million. B.24 million.
C.18.4 million. D.25.6 million.
√
3.What does the writer advise us to do
A.Use our head.
B.Drive our car alone.
C.Avoid long journeys.
D.Buy public transport.
√
4.What can we infer about the writer from the last paragraph
A.He can’t go without cars.
B.He has a beautiful daughter.
C.He will take action immediately.
D.He gives his son a busy schedule.
√
Cars have made people 1. (anger)，stressed out and caused the real costs socially.Take Britain for example.In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads 2. (go) up by 25%.Over the last decade,3. average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.Traffic is one of the major 4. (cause) of global warming and climate change.Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.Some types of cancer 5. (relate) to traffic pollution.
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
angry
has gone
an
causes
are related
Here is some advice about how 6. (give) up driving.Firstly，use your legs.Regular exercise can cut the risk of heart disease by 50%！Secondly，use public transport.Thirdly，think before you go.Before
7. (get) into your car，think about 8. you really need to make that journey.Besides，share cars.It is much cheaper and 9._______
(friendly) to the environment.Lastly，take action! Don’t just sit 10. and complain!
to give
getting
more
friendly
whether
返 回
around
长句难句分析
1.Traffic is one of the major (cause) of global warming and climate change，as car engines produce various (type) of greenhouse gases.(P59 Part 1)
结构分析：此句为 句，其中as引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
causes
types
复合
原因状语
交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。
2.We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise，pollution
danger of traffic.(P59 Part 2)
结构分析：此句为 句，think后面为省略了引导词 的 从句；we can do about...traffic为省略关系词 的 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
and
复合
that
宾语
我们经常觉得面对噪声、污染和交通危险，自己无能为力。
that
定语
3.Do whichever of these (thing) that suit you.(P59 Part 2)
结构分析：此句为 句，that引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
things
复合
定语
做这些事情中适合你的任何一件。
4.Well，I’m sorry I have to finish this article，but I’ve got to pick up my daughter school 4 pm.(P59 Part 2)
结构分析：此句为 句，由表转折的连词 连接；在but前的分句中，I have to finish this article为 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
from
at
并列复合
but
好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。
返 回
宾语
语言知识梳理
adj.烦恼的，生气的(annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼 annoying adj.使人烦恼的 annoyance n.生气；令人烦恼的事物)
1
annoyed
·be annoyed with sb about/at sth为某事对某人生气
be annoyed to do sth因做某事而恼怒
·What annoys sb most is that...最让某人生气的是……
·to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是
(1)It is (annoy) to get stuck in the traffic jam for 5 hours，making us late for work.
annoying
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)我对他令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪感到恼火。最让我生气的是他满嘴食物大声喧哗。此外，令我气恼的是，他甚至用筷子指着别人。最后，我是如此烦和他一起吃饭，以至于我很早就离开了，气得满脸通红。
I .
he talked loudly with his mouth full of food.Moreover， ，he even pointed at others with his chopsticks.Finally，I _________________________________
together with him that I left early，with my face flaming with anger.
was annoyed with him about/at his annoying table manners
写作佳句
What annoyed me most was that
to my annoyance
was so annoyed to have dinner
焦虑的 (stress n.压力；重音；重要性 vt.强调；重读 stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的 stressed adj.焦虑不安的)
2
stressed out
·lay/place/put stress on sth 强调某事；给某物压力
under stress在压力下
·stress out(使)焦虑不安，疲惫不堪
(1)Things can easily go wrong when people are stress.
(2)Before becoming a designer，I was not aware that it would be a
(stress) job.
(3)It upset me that the more I put stress the importance of being careful，the more distracted my son became.
under
stressful
on
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)尽管我们心力交瘁，我们眼中却闪烁着希望的光芒。
Though ，our eyes were glittering with hope.
写作佳句
we were stressed out
上升
3
go up
go through经历；通过；仔细检查；用完
go by(时间)流逝；消逝
go over复习；温习
(1)用go短语的正确形式填空
①It makes countless people worried that the price of houses ___________
in some cities.
②I will share with you some advice because I the same thing last year.
③With time ，he forgot the whole thing，making everyone surprised and sad.
④In addition，to improve your academic performance，you’d better
the lessons before the exams.
has gone up
went through
going by
go over
(2)(应用文写作之慰问、建议信)我完全理解你在高考前所经历的一切，因为很多课程都需要复习。
I entirely understand before the College Entrance Examination，because many lessons _______
.
写作佳句
what you are going through
need
going over
vi.相联系，有关联 (related adj.相联系的 relation n.关联，联系)
4
relate
·relate to...和……有关联；和……合得来
be related to...和……有关联；和……有联系
·in relation to关于；与……相比
(1)I have nothing to say in relation the feedback of those customers.
(2)If you are curious about Chinese culture，you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity to read the article (relate) to table manners.
to
related
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)不断增加的私家车和大气污染密切相关。
The ever-increasing private cars _______________________
_________.
写作佳句
are closely related to air
pollution
vt.适合；满足(某人)需要，合(某人)心意；相配，合身 n.套装(suitable adj.适合的 unsuitable adj.不适合的)
5
suit
·suit one’s need/taste 满足某人的需要/适合某人的口味
·be suitable for适合……
be suitable to do sth 做某事是合适的
(1)How can we seek out a really (suit) person to replace the chairman of the important meeting
(2)Your jeans are not suitable such a formal occasion，so you’d better replace it with suit.
suitable
for
a
(3)(应用文写作之推荐信)我深信没人比我们班长更适合在幼儿园帮你了。
I hold the strong belief that ______________________________
in the kindergarten than our monitor.
写作佳句
nobody is more suitable to assist
you
返 回
训练4
1.随着越来越多的人进入城市，房价持续快速上涨。(go up)
With more and more people moving into cities，_____________________
.
2.在进入这座城市的新学校后，很多人在网上攻击她，这个女孩感到很紧张。(stressed out)
With many people attacking her online after moving to a new school in the city， .
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)
the price of houses keeps
going up rapidly
the girl felt stressed out
3.与此同时，她的父母对那些对他们的女儿不友好的人感到恼火。(be annoyed with)
Meanwhile，her parents who were unfriendly to their daughter.
4.无论女孩什么时候遇到与学习有关的难题，她都会求助于她的父母。(be related to)
No matter when the girl met with ，she would turn to her parents.
were annoyed with those
a difficult problem related to study
5.令我们惊讶的是，现在这个女孩不仅外向，还全身心投入到阅读一本适合初学者的英语小说中。(be suitable for)
Much to our amazement，now not only is the girl outgoing but also she devotes herself to reading an English novel .
组句成篇 以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
suitable for beginners
参考范文
With more and more people moving into cities，the price of houses keeps going up rapidly.However，Mary’s parents still bought a new house and moved to the city and Mary entered a new school.Unfortunately，with many people attacking her online after moving to a new school in the city，the girl felt stressed out.Meanwhile，her parents were annoyed with those who were unfriendly to their daughter.Then no matter when the girl met with a difficult problem related to study，she would turn to her parents.Soon the problem was solved.Much to our amazement，now not only is the girl outgoing but also she devotes herself to reading an English novel suitable for beginners.
A
As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban(城市的) areas is becoming harder to find.If you’re lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Ⅱ.主题语篇阅读
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项基于大型城市公园的游客体验的研究表明，城市地区的野生环境对人类福祉至关重要，并强调了保护自然环境的必要性。
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park-goers，asking them to submit(呈递) a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding(编码) experiences into different kinds.For example，one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the kinds “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”.
Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen kinds were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic(家庭的) form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.
1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A.Pocket parks are now popular.
B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C.Many cities are overpopulated.
D.People enjoy living close to nature.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段“As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban(城市的) areas is becoming harder to find...but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.”可知，作者在开头描述了在城市里很难找到相对野生的自然环境的现象。故选B。
解析
2.What does the underlined word “emerge” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Imagine. B.Obtain.
C.Appear. D.Integrate.
词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen kinds were noted most often as important to visitors.”可知，根据编码的结果得出重要的类别，由此推知，此处指“自然语言”的类别模式从结果中显现，画线词意思与appear“出现，显现”相近。故选C。
解析
√
3.Why did the researchers code participants’ submissions into categories
A.To compare different types of park-goers.
B.To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C.To analyze the main features of the park.
D.To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen kinds were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.”可知，根据编码的结果，研究人员得出了哪些类别的自然体验对人们来说最重要。由此可知，研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行分类是为了在游客的总结中找到特定模式。故选D。
解析
4.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A.Language study.
B.Environmental protection.
C.Public education.
D.Intercultural communication.
√
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Peter Kahn所说的话“we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，Kahn认为在我们与自然互动之前，我们应该保护环境。故选B。
解析
B
(2025·江苏扬州高二上期中)
Everyone knows this: Slowly turn up the heat on a frog in a pot of water，and the frog won’t hop out.Unaware of the slight increase in heat，it will stay until—well，until it dies.When it comes to the effect of rising global temperatures on amphibians(两栖动物)，the frog-boiling story is more than just a metaphor(隐喻).
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现气候变化在导致两栖动物数量减少，并分析了两栖动物数量减少会带来的影响。
Climate change is becoming one of the biggest threats to frogs and other amphibians，according to a major study published in the journal Nature.Between 2004 and 2022，rising temperatures became the main reason why more than 100 amphibian species were nearly dying out.
The spread of disease among frogs and the destruction of their habitats have long been recognized as reasons why many amphibians are decreasing.But this new study establishes climate change as a major risk for amphibians around the world，too.The soft-skinned animals lack the fur and feathers to help adjust(调节) their temperature in this hotter and drier world.
Less attention is paid to frogs and other amphibians compared to more well-known groups like birds.But losing amphibians would be serious because they often act as a key link in the food web of ecosystems，wolfing insects down and，in turn，being eaten by larger predators(捕食者).“Without those amphibians to fill that role，we will see the breakdown of this food web，” said Neam，who works for an Austin-based environmental group.
Luckily，habitat protection and other measures have been taken to help recover more than five dozen amphibian species from Costa Rica to Malaysia.“It’s not all bad news，” said Jennifer Luedtke，an amphibian group leader with the International Union for Conservation of Nature.“But we really must build on this improvement and significantly increase the amphibian conservation.”
5.How is the topic introduced
A.By sharing a story.
B.By raising a question.
C.By explaining ideas.
D.By listing facts.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone knows this: Slowly turn up...When it comes to the effect of rising global temperatures on amphibians(两栖动物)，the frog-boiling story is more than just a metaphor(隐喻).”可知，文章通过分享温水煮青蛙的故事引入主题——当谈到全球气温上升对两栖动物的影响时，煮青蛙的寓言不仅仅是一个隐喻。故选A。
解析
6.What is the main reason for the decrease of amphibians according to the new study
A.The loss of habitats.
B.The lack of feathers.
C.The spread of disease.
D.The rise of temperature.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Between 2004 and 2022，rising temperatures became the main reason why more than 100 amphibian species were nearly dying out.”可知，这项新研究表明，两栖动物数量减少的主要原因是温度的升高。故选D。
解析
7.What will happen if the number of amphibians decreases continuously
A.Wolves will depend more on insects.
B.Predators will be the key role of the web.
C.The ecosystem will become more diverse.
D.The food chain will be destroyed.
√
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Without those amphibians to fill that role，we will see the breakdown of this food web”可知，如果两栖动物的数量持续减少，食物网将崩溃，即食物链会遭到破坏。故选D。
解析
8.How does Luedtke feel about the future of amphibians
A.Uncertain. B.Curious.
C.Hopeful. D.Worried.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s not all bad news”以及“But we really must build on this improvement and significantly increase the amphibian conservation.”可知，Jennifer Luedtke认为并不全是坏消息，但必须大幅增加对两栖动物的保护。由此可推知Luedtke对两栖动物的未来抱有希望。故选C。
解析
(2024·海南文昌高二上月考)
Wherever you go，you’ll notice the plastic crisis(危机) faced by the planet.Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何通过使用废弃塑料瓶建造垂直花园来应对塑料危机，并介绍了这种方法的多种好处。
Ⅲ.七选五
1 You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles—a brilliant idea which can be adapted to suit almost any household in any environment.
A.You don’t need a lot of space.
B.As a result，you feel a sense of your own worth.
C.The key is，what can be used to replace plastic products
D.The plants are watered using a simple drip irrigation system.
E.Besides，interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health.
F.Additionally，vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well.
G.What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time
√
根据上文“Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem.”可知，许多人正在为地球面临的塑料危机寻求创造性的解决方案，下文“You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles”提出可以通过用塑料瓶建造垂直花园来做到this，可推知空处应该是提出一个解决思路。G选项“如果我们把废塑料好好利用，同时丰富生活呢？”符合语境，且下文中的this就是指的这个做法。故选G。
解析
An example from India shows how this inventive technique is truly changing lives.The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden they had created at their home.The family used over 175,000 plastic bottles to create the garden，fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants.
2 Incredibly，this has lowered the internal temperature of their home.
A.You don’t need a lot of space.
B.As a result，you feel a sense of your own worth.
C.The key is，what can be used to replace plastic products
D.The plants are watered using a simple drip irrigation system.
E.Besides，interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health.
F.Additionally，vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health
as well.
G.What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the
same time
√
根据空前一句可知，这个家庭用了超过17.5万个塑料瓶来建造花园，把瓶子固定在房子的外墙上，里面种满了33种植物。空后一句提到这降低了他们家的内部温度，是垂直花园的效果，可推知空处承接空前内容继续讲家庭花园的具体做法。D选项“这些植物被用一种简单的滴灌系统浇灌”符合语境。故选D。
解析
3 If you have a wall，you can have a vertical bottle garden.With space so limited around urban areas，this is a vital benefit，especially to urban residents.
A.You don’t need a lot of space.
B.As a result，you feel a sense of your own worth.
C.The key is，what can be used to replace plastic products
D.The plants are watered using a simple drip irrigation system.
E.Besides，interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health.
F.Additionally，vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well.
G.What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time
√
空处为本段首句，根据本段下文可知，本段在强调垂直花园的一个重要优势是所需空间小。故A选项“你不需要太多空间”可总领本段下文，符合语境。故选A。
解析
If you struggle with ordinary gardening due to joint or muscle problems，vertical gardening can help you enjoy caring for plants without having to bend too much.
4 Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself，but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world.
A.You don’t need a lot of space.
B.As a result，you feel a sense of your own worth.
C.The key is，what can be used to replace plastic products
D.The plants are watered using a simple drip irrigation system.
E.Besides，interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health.
F.Additionally，vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well.
G.What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time
√
根据下文“...but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world.”可知，与植物互动对心理健康有积极影响。故E选项“此外，与植物的互动对心理健康有积极的影响”引起下文，E选项中mental health呼应下文中的inner balance and have further calming benefits，符合语境。故选E。
解析
Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home，or increasingly，whether large institutions get on board with the concept，every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant，actively reducing local pollution. 5
A.You don’t need a lot of space.
B.As a result，you feel a sense of your own worth.
C.The key is，what can be used to replace plastic products
D.The plants are watered using a simple drip irrigation system.
E.Besides，interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health.
F.Additionally，vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well.
G.What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time
√
根据本段上文可知，创建自己的小型垂直塑料花园是回收塑料的有益行为，这种做法减少了当地污染，B选项“因此，你会感觉到自己的价值”进一步说明了这种做法带来的心理层面的益处，符合语境。故选B。
解析
(2025·浙江高二上期中)
With the proposed Law on National Parks,1. is the first of its kind，the domestic national parks will hopefully get better，more systemic and more sustainable protection.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拟议中的《国家公园法》旨在通过严格标准和法律框架使国内国家公园得到更好、更系统和更可持续的保护。
Ⅳ.语法填空
which
考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the proposed Law on National Parks，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
解析
The first five national parks,2. (include) the Sanjiangyuan National Park，were established in October,2021.The past three years
3. (see) the river sources being well protected.
including
have/has seen
2.考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知空处为非谓语动词，include与其逻辑主语The first five national parks之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填including。
3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。The past three years作主语，表示一个整体时间段，可看作单数也可看作复数，谓语动词用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，助词用have/has。故填have/has seen。
解析
Precious experience 4. (gain) from managing the national parks helped the proposed law to come into being.It is expected
5.__________(provide) legal support for enforcing the law against animal poaching or destruction of protected plants，and more.
4.考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语Precious experience与gain之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填gained。
5.考查不定式。be expected to do sth是固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”。故填to provide。
解析
gained
to provide
More importantly，the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated.6. (global)，having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; 7. the contrary，most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks.
Globally
on
6.考查副词。副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母大写。故填Globally。
7.考查介词。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反”，符合句意。故填on。
解析
It also helps the national park management 8. (body) to raise some income of their own.
bodies
考查名词复数。body在此作可数名词“团体，机构”，结合后面的of their own可知，这里指的是多个国家公园管理机构。故填bodies。
解析
That’s what makes the job of national park management more sustainable,9. such activities need strict standards to avoid harming the ecology.The proposed Law on National Parks will establish a legal framework for this job，so as to protect national parks in 10.______
more sustainable and efficient manner.
but/yet
a
9.考查连词。空前提到高效管理国家公园的商业活动可以传播知识、创造收益，使得国家公园的管理工作更可持续，空后半句则指出这些活动需要严格的标准以避免伤害生态，可推知本空前后为转折关系，应用转折连词but或yet连接两个分句。故填but/yet。
10.考查冠词。in a...manner是固定搭配，意为“以一种……的方式”，符合句意，且空后单词more的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
解析
返 回
本课结束
