Section Ⅳ Lesson 3
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．Any exercise is better than none.
B．The advice to a new runner.
C．Benefits of long-distance running and some advice on it.
D．Advice on how to avoid injuries in long-distance running.
答案 C
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
1．What should you do to be a runner
A．Have a gym membership.
B．Have a pair of good running shoes.
C．Keep on running for thirty minutes every day.
D．Have some special equipment such as a running machine.
答案 B
2．What must you do to avoid hurting yourself while running
A．Jog slowly before running.
B．Relax your body before running.
C．Cheer yourself up before running.
D．Warm up and cool down before and after running.
答案 D
3．What does “warm-down” refer to according to the passage
A．The exercise to strengthen your body.
B．The exercise to make you warm enough.
C．The relaxing exercise before a long-distance running.
D．The relaxing exercise after a long-distance running.
答案 D
4．Where may the passage come from
A．A textbook.
B．A website.
C．An advertisement.
D．A guide book.
答案 B
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1.In particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you don’t need a membership of a gym or any special 2.equipment(equip)．It is a good way 3.to know(know) yourself and understand 4.what you are capable of.
Running can help you be 5.healthy(health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and make your heart 6.stronger(strong)．It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of serious health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 7.up and make you 8.relieve(relief) from aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down 9.properly(proper) before and after running to avoid 10.hurting(hurt) yourself.And keep in mind that you should not stop immediately after a long run.
1．As people often say，any exercise is better than none，but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.(P37 Para.1)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，but 为连词，后面句子的主语为long-distance running，谓语为has，宾语为benefits。
汉语翻译： 正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好，特别是长跑有很多益处。
2．There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.(P37 Para.2)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句，句中to know yourself and to see...为动词不定式作定语，修饰way；what引导宾语从句。
汉语翻译：跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。
3．You are also somebody who worries about getting(get) sick. (P37 Para.3)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句。
汉语翻译：你像很多人一样，也担心自己生病。
4．Besides，anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves(them) up.(P37 Para.3)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句，包含一个who 引导的定语从句，先行词是anybody；主句中的to cheer...up是不定式短语作目的状语。
汉语翻译：此外，任何心情低落的人都可以选择跑步让自己振作起来。
5．Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.(P37 Para.3)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词aches or tension，that在从句中作宾语。
汉语翻译：即使跑30分钟也能缓解你因压力而感到的疼痛或紧张。
6．...it is important to warm up and cool down properly(proper) before and after running...(P37 Para.4)
结构分析：此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
汉语翻译：跑步前和跑步后做适当的热身和放松活动很重要。
7．Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.(P38 Para.1)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。make sure意思是“确保”，其后是一个宾语从句，省略了引导词that；amount后的that引导定语从句。
汉语翻译： 确保运动量在心脏、肌肉和骨骼的承受范围之内，以免受伤。
particular n．特别，尤其 adj.特别的；特定的；讲究；挑剔(particularly adv.尤其，特别)
in particular (＝particularly) 尤其，特别
be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究
(1)I’m interested in Chinese traditional culture，particularly(particular) paper-cutting.
(2)We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment and air pollution in particular.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)这个小女孩太挑食以至于她父母感到特别担心。
The little girl was so particular about/over food that her parents felt very worried.
benefit n．好处，益处v.(使)受益；得益于(beneficial adj.有益的)
be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益
for one’s benefit (＝for the benefit of sb) 为了某人的利益
benefit from/by从……中受益
(1)You’d better keep a balanced diet for the benefit of your health.
(2)She often puts forward ideas that are beneficial (benefit) to the company’s business and development.
(3)To be frank，I benefit a lot from/by online learning because so many learning materials are available.
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之活动类)这次比赛不仅有益于改善我们的身心状态，还帮助我们树立积极的生活态度。
①This race is not only beneficial to improving our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
②This race is not only of benefit to improving our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
equipment n．设备，装备(equip v．装备；配备)
a piece of equipment一件设备
equip...with...用……来装备……
be equipped with...配有……
(1)The charity contributed some money to the school that was very short of equipment(equip)．
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之人物描写)Mr Li is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us.
＝Equipped with much experience in teaching，Mr Li is well respected by all of us.(过去分词短语作状语)
prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡(prevention n．预防，防范)
阻止某人做某事
注意：在被动语态中，以上结构中的from都不可省略。
keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”
(1)We are really sorry to keep you waiting(wait) for so long，and sincerely appreciate your patience and understanding.
(2)To prevent athletes from cheating(cheat)，they ought to take a blood test before a sports event.
[写作佳句]
(3)(环境保护倡议书)必须采取有效的措施阻止环境污染。
Effective measures must be taken to keep/prevent/stop the environment from being polluted.
relief n．减轻，缓解(relieve v．减轻 relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的)
in/with relief欣慰地，释然地
breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气
to one’s relief (＝to the relief of sb) 令某人欣慰的是
what a relief总算松了一口气；终于解脱了
relieve sb of...缓解/减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
(1)Learning that their efforts finally paid off，the crowd sighed in/with relief.
(2)Your tips are so practical that they will surely relieve us of the potential trouble.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之情感描写)当医生宣布她的孩子已经脱离危险时，她感到一阵宽慰涌上心头。
When the doctor announced that her child was out of danger，she felt a wave of relief washing over her.
amount n．金额；数量，数额 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于
the amount of... ……的数量
“大量/少量的”表达：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
(1)Large amounts of money have been spent(spend) on teaching equipment in recent years.
(2)The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars，which could help support my family.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。
In order to keep healthy，a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary.
satisfaction n．满足，满意；令人满意(或欣慰)的事(satisfy vt.使满意；使满足 satisfied adj.满意的 satisfactory＝satisfying adj.令人满意的)
with satisfaction满意地
to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是
satisfy one’s needs/demands满足某人的需要
be satisfied with sth/sb对某事/某人感到满意
(1)The teacher was satisfied with the students’ performance in the class discussion.
(2)He said he wouldn’t quit trying unless he got satisfying/satisfactory(satisfy) scores in his studies.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)看着我的成绩单，我父亲满意地点了点头，脸上绽开了微笑。
Looking at my report card，my father nodded with satisfaction，a smile spreading across his face.
suggest引导宾语从句
My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.(P36)
我的朋友建议我试试长跑。
结构分析：此句为主从复合句。suggest引导宾语从句，该从句中使用了虚拟语气。
————————————————————————————————————————
suggest表示“建议”时，后面的从句用“should＋动词原形”构成虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。
suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，后面的从句用陈述语气。
suggest doing sth 建议做某事
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)Many experts suggest eating(eat) more fruit and vegetables for better health.
(2)我建议你在进行长跑之前寻求专业建议。
I suggest that you (should) seek professional advice before engaging in long-distance running.
(3)医生建议病人每天有规律地运动，他的健康状况的改善表明医生的建议是非常有益的。
The doctor suggested that the patient (should) do exercise regularly every day and his improvement in health suggested that the doctor’s suggestion was of great benefit.
“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end.(P38 Para.2)
当你最终发现，所有的汗水和辛劳都是值得的，没有什么比这更令人满足了。
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。“Nothing...more...than”是“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义，意思是“没有比……更……的了”；that引导宾语从句，作动词realise的宾语。
————————————————————————————————————————
·“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级含义，意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……的了”，常用的否定词有 no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等
·can/could＋never/not＋be＋形容词＋enough
can/could＋never/not＋be＋too＋形容词
越……越好；再……也不为过
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更有意义的了。
To us，nothing is more meaningful than passing on kindness to those in trouble.
(2)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地说。
“I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother said excitedly.
(3)过马路时，你再小心也不为过。
You can’t be too careful/You can’t be careful enough when crossing the street.
感知下文中的黑体部分，完成下面的练习
①Every student in my class has a dream university，and ②nobody is aimless. We can always share ③something special and interesting with ④one another.To keep healthy，any exercise is better than ⑤none，so we have PE class every day. However，my deskmate and I are ⑥both lazy，so ⑦neither of us love PE classes. To be honest，though we are lazy，we also agree that ⑧nothing gives ⑨one more satisfaction than sweating on the playground.⑩Everyone in my class will become somebody in the future!
上文中的①Every为不定代词，在句中作定语；②nobody 和③something为复合不定代词，在句中分别作主语和宾语；④one another为不定代词，意为“彼此”；⑤none为不定代词，在句中作宾语；⑥both表两者都；⑦neither表两者都不；⑧nothing为复合不定代词，在宾语从句中作主语，⑨one作宾语；⑩Everyone和 somebody为复合不定代词，在句中分别作主语和表语。
不定代词
不定代词是不具体指代某个特定名词的代词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
一、常见不定代词
可数/不可数 不定代词
代替可数名词 one，each，many，another，other，either，neither，(a) few等
代替不可数名词 much，(a) little等
代替可数/不可数名词 none，any，all，some等
复合不定代词 anyone，anybody，anything；someone，somebody，something；everyone，everybody，everything；nobody，no one，nothing等
I’m not satisfied with everything that he did.
我对他做的一切并不满意。
Someone/Somebody is waiting for you on campus.有人在校园里等你。
But I don’t know anyone/anybody in the company.
但是在这家公司里我谁也不认识。
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
只要你用心去做，没有什么是不可能的。
The boxing match will be held in September，but nobody/no one knows the date for sure.
拳击赛将在九月份举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。
二、几组常见不定代词的区别
1．many，much，few，a few，little，a little
含义 对象 许多 有点/些(表示肯定) 几乎没有(表示否定)
可数 many a few few
不可数 much a little little
I have a lot of friends but I don’t have much money.我有很多朋友，但是我没有很多钱。
Just as the saying goes，“Many hands make light work.”
俗话说：“人多力量大。”
The expert’s theory is so difficult that few people can understand and accept it.
这位专家的理论很深奥，几乎没有人能理解并接受它。
In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.
用这种方式，他们只需要一点钱就能去旅游。
2．another，other，the other，others，the others
不定代词 词义 用法
another 另一个，又一个 泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个，后接可数名词单数
other 其他的，另外的 表泛指，作定语，后接名词复数
the other 特指两者中的另一个 常与one连用，构成“one...the other...”(一个……另一个……)结构
others 泛指别的人或物 是other的复数形式，不能作定语，常构成“some...others...”结构
the others 特指其余的人或物 是the other 的复数形式，常构成“some...the others...”结构
We have two hands.One is on the left，and the other is on the right.
我们有两只手。一只在左边，另一只在右边。
There are 40 students in our class.Three are Americans，and the others are Chinese.我们班有40名学生，3名是美国人，其余的都是中国人。
I have eaten an apple，but I still want another(apple)．我已经吃了一个苹果了，但是我还想要一个。
Some students like English while other students/others like physics.
一些学生喜欢英语而另外一些学生喜欢物理。
3．one，the one，ones，the ones，that，those
不定代词 用法
one 用来代替前面提到的可数名词，泛指其同类中的某一个
the one 用来代替前面提到的可数名词单数，特指其同类中的某一个
ones 用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数，为泛指
the ones 用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数，为特指
that 代替“the＋不可数名词”，也可代替“the＋可数名词单数”，这时可以和the one 互换
those 代替前面出现的可数名词复数，避免重复，且表示特指，后有定语修饰，可与the ones通用
A house which is built of bricks lasts longer than the one that is made of woods.
用砖建造的房子比用木头建造的房子耐用。
As we all know，the population of Beijing is larger than that of Jinan.
众所周知，北京的人口比济南的人口多。
The athletes of this team are more dynamic and confident than those/the ones of that team.
这个队的运动员比那个队的运动员更有活力、更自信。
There are various laptops in the store，and I want to buy one.
商店里有各种各样的笔记本电脑，我想买一台。
I don’t like coloured envelopes.I like white ones.我不喜欢彩色信封，我喜欢白色的。
4．both，neither，either
不定代词 意义 在句中所作成分 谓语动词的形式
both 两者都 作主语、宾语、定语或同位语，可以和of短语连用 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
neither 两者都不 作主语、宾语或定语，可以和of短语连用 作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式
either 两者中任一个 作主语、宾语或定语，可以和of短语连用 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
She invited both of us to her birthday party.
她邀请我们两个都去参加她的生日宴会。
It was hard for him to learn English in a family，in which neither of his parents spoke the language.
在一个父母都不说英语的家庭中，学英语对他来说很难。
You can choose either of the topics，but do not attempt both.
你可以选择任意的一个话题，但不能两个都选。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To our surprise，the pens in this shop are cheaper than those in that one.
2．There are two packs on the desk.You can take either/both of them.
3．Nothing is impossible if you have confidence as well as work hard.
4．There’s something wrong with the machine.We must have it repaired.
5.Cycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is another.
6．Helping others is a habit，one that you can learn even at an early age.
7．Of all the books on the desk，none is of any benefit to your study.
8．You can ask anyone/anybody here for help when you are in trouble.
9.Make sure you’ve got everything before you leave，such as the passport and the ticket.
10．On Sundays，some people go to play basketball，and others stay at home watching TV.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．如果我们再有两周的时间，我们就能完美地完成任务。
We will finish the task perfectly if we are given another two weeks.
2．他有一对双胞胎儿子，一个是律师，一个是医生。
He has two twin sons.One is a lawyer while the other is a doctor.
3．他饿了，但在厨房里他找不到吃的东西。
He felt hungry，but he could find nothing to eat in the kitchen.
4．我们应该把注意力集中在真正重要的事情上。
We should focus our attention on something that really matters.
5．令他失望的是，他的朋友们没有一个来参加他的生日派对。
To his disappointment，none of his friends came to attend his birthday party.
Ⅲ.选择适当的不定代词完成以下语段
As senior high school students,1.all of us have too much homework 2.every day.Only 3.some of us can finish it during the day，so the 4.others have to stay up at night.Fortunately，our teachers told us 5.many ways to study effectively，among which the two are beneficial to me in particular.6.One is previewing before class and the 7.other is being attentive in class.I think 8.both of them can be applied to 9.everyone.
训练4 Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．She spoke up in defence(defend) of her friend who had been misunderstood.
2．First you should set a goal which is achievable(achieve) at the moment.
3．To our relief(relieve)，we finally know the details of the gymnastics competition.
4．This meeting is beneficial(benefit) to strengthening the friendship between the two countries.
5．The doctor gave him some guidelines(guideline) to help him relieve his ache.
6．A large amount of time and money was wasted(waste) on the meaningless activity last year.
7．After a fire broke out in the company，a lot of equipment(equip) was destroyed.
8．His story serves as an inspiration(inspire) and reminds us of the value of working hard.
9．Seeing the big stone removed from the major road，the old man smiled with satisfaction(satisfy)．
10．With the help of these volunteers，I am capable of organizing the big event to be held in this city.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)
1．听说你现在厌倦学习并想放弃，我很伤心。(be fed up with)
I am sorry to hear that you are now fed up with your study and want to give up.
2．我建议你采取一些有效措施来减轻你的学习压力。(suggest＋虚拟语气)
I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures to relieve your study stress.
3．你可以报名参加一些课外活动，如打篮球、画画等。(sign up for)
You can sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball and painting.
4．这些活动不仅能帮助你强健身体，还能让你心情愉快。(cheer up)
Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，but they can also cheer you up.
5．没有什么比被一群朋友围绕更令人开心的了。(否定词＋比较级)
Nothing is happier than being surrounded by a group of friends.
组句成篇 以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
参考范文
I am sorry to hear that you are now fed up with your study and want to give up.I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures to relieve your study stress.For example，you can sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball and painting.Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，but they can also cheer you up.Besides，nothing is happier than being surrounded by a group of friends，so you should make some friends through these activities.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Many of us are not happy with our physical appearance.We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies...Indeed，there is a multibillion-dollar industry built around people’s desire to look “better”．
I think we all have an idea that our society’s preference for body image is not completely healthy，and it isn’t.There is plenty of research showing that poor body image is connected with depression and eating disorders，especially among women.
Research also has shown that exercise can improve a person’s own body image，regardless of any actual change in their body.One study showed that just 30 minutes of physical activity had a clear positive effect on women’s body image.But why is this
A small study in the magazine Psychology of Sport and Exercise tested different possibilities.They chose 75 college-age women who were dissatisfied with their physical appearance，as measured by several previous questionnaires.The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.Then，half of the women exercised actively for 30 minutes on an exercise bike，while the other half sat in a room and read magazines.Then they all repeated the questionnaires，right away and again 20 minutes later.
The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.The authors suggest that these positive changes may last longer than 20 minutes，and thus may help to explain why people who exercise regularly have better self-images regardless of any actual change in their appearance.They call for further research examining different types of exercise and increasing the post-exercise study time.
Though this is a small study，it does support previous findings.I think it’s safe to say that exercise is clearly connected with improvements in body image，and there is little disadvantage.I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression，and for those who also suffer from poor self-image，this recommendation could be even more important.
1．What does the underlined phrase “a multibillion-dollar industry” probably refer to
A．The fashion industry.
B．The health and fitness industry.
C．The beauty and body care industry.
D．The TV and movie making industry.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段的“We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies”和“around people’s desire to look ‘better’”可知，许多人对自己的外表不满意，想改变自己，于是围绕着人们追求变得更好看的愿望产生了一个产业。由此可知，这个价值数十亿美元的产业会让人变得更好看，所以应该是美容美体行业。故选C。
2．What can we know from the process of the study mentioned in paragraph 4
A．The questionnaire covers various subjects.
B．Women were asked about types of exercise.
C．The questionnaire needs to be done for just one time.
D．The positive changes from exercise last only for 20 minutes.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.”可知，调查问卷涉及的问题是多方面的。故选A。
3．What can we know from the passage
A．A good body image can prevent depression.
B．Exercise has a mental effect on body image.
C．Young women are satisfied with their physical image.
D．Women are more likely to have a good body image than men.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.”可知，锻炼会有一定的心理作用，让人感觉自己变得更好看。故选B。
4．What can be inferred about the writer
A．He may be a professional psychologist.
B．He disagrees with the research findings.
C．He cares more about his physical appearance.
D．He advises researchers to carry out further research.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression...”可推知，作者可能是一名专业的心理医生。故选A。
B
(2025·湖北新高考联考高一上期中)
Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.The research，published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine，found that every extra step above 2,200 steps a day—up to about 10,000—reduces these risks，regardless of how much of the remaining time is spent sitting.
Researchers found the lowest risk of early death was among people who walked 9,000 to 10,500 steps a day.When it came to avoiding stroke and heart attack，the lowest risks were in people walking about 9,700 steps a day.
For the research，experts led by the University of Sydney used UK Biobank data(数据) from 72,174 people who were aged about 61.They all wore a device(设备) for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke were recorded.The study concluded that between 9,000 and 10,500 steps a day cut the risk of early death by 39% and the risk of a heart attack or stroke by over a fifth.
This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of early death and heart disease.Even low levels of activity could reduce the risk of stroke.
Julie Ward，a senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation，said，“Daily physical activity is important to help maintain a healthy lifestyle and reduce your risk of developing heart conditions and your risk of stroke.This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”
5．How did the researchers get the result of the study
A．By analyzing data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By interviewing experts.
D．By explaining reasons.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For the research，experts...used UK Biobank data(数据) from 72,174 people...for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular...The study concluded that...”可知，专家使用了来自72 174名约61岁人群的英国生物银行数据，在七年的跟踪调查后，记录了1 633例死亡和6 190例心血管事件，最后得出结论，由此推知研究者是通过分析数据来得到研究结果的。故选A。
6．What’s the author’s attitude towards the study
A．Concerned. B．Positive.
C．Objective. D．Unclear.
答案 B
解析 观点态度题。根据文章第四段“This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of...”可知，作者使用“hopeful”来描述这项研究，表明他对这项研究持积极态度。故选B。
7．What activity might Julie Ward disagree with
A．Staying up late to surf the Internet.
B．Going to the gym and enjoying exercise classes.
C．Getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.
D．Taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Daily physical activity is important to...This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”可知，Julie Ward强调了日常身体活动的重要性，并给出了几个例子，但熬夜上网不属于此列，可推知她会对此表示不赞同。故选A。
8．What’s the main idea of the text
A．Walking 2,200 steps a day makes us healthier and live longer.
B．Walking 10,000 steps a day makes us avoid stroke and heart attack.
C．Walking 2,200 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early death.
D．Walking 10,000 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early death.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第一段中“Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.”和第四段内容可知，文章主要介绍了每日走10 000步可以降低心脏病和早亡的风险。B选项中的avoid用词不当。故选D。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
How to Make Exercise a Habit
The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit.But by the third week of January，that all seems to go out the window.I’ve seen this happen almost every year：my workout(锻炼) classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit，helping you stay healthier in the long run.
Focus on the routine and not the results.
These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results，particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit.Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place.
3
Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions.But realistically，if you’re not used to this，it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit.Given this，doing workouts even as small as 5－10 minutes is a good place to start.
Forget the “all or nothing” view.
When it comes to exercise，the all or nothing approach does not serve you.Say you plan a workout for today，but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 4 Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.Just remember your results are from your every effort，no matter how small.
Find joy in your workouts.
Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun.Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. 5
A．Life happens sometimes.
B．Start with mini workouts.
C．Build yourself workout time-zone.
D．But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E．There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F．A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G．But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
1．答案 G
解析 根据上文可知，人们很快就会忘记自己的锻炼和健身目标，作者几乎每年都目睹这一现象：作者的锻炼课上满是新面孔。G项“但仅仅几周后，人数就会恢复到正常水平”承接上文，说明新年开始确实会有很多新人参加锻炼，但他们很快又会消失。故选G项。
2．答案 D
解析 本段小标题强调“关注过程，而不是结果”。上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results...”提出人们都想找到捷径，尤其是提到健康和健身的时候，D项“但在现实中，结果需要时间才能显现”与上文构成转折关系，指出这一想法的不切实际，并照应小标题。故选D项。
3．答案 B
解析 设空句是段首小标题。根据段落内容“每个人似乎都想设定一个大目标……但实际上，如果你不习惯这样做，它只会让你难以承受，最终导致你放弃。考虑到这一点，即使是5到10分钟的小锻炼也是一个很好的开始”可知，本段建议从小锻炼开始，B项“从小型锻炼开始”能概括本段主旨。故选B项。
4．答案 A
解析 根据上文“Say you plan a workout for today...you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.”可知，我们可能因为工作而错过计划好的锻炼时间，但这并不意味着失败。结合下文“Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.” 可知，即使你错过了锻炼，也不意味着你已经放弃了。A项“生活中总会发生意外”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
5．答案 F
解析 根据本段小标题和上文可知，本段讲要在锻炼中找到乐趣，鼓励读者找到有趣的锻炼方式，F项“适合你的锻炼会提升你的动力和乐趣”承接上文，呼应小标题。故选F项。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·四川成都高一上期中)
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen，who speaks 11 different languages with foreigners while 1.____________(sell) water，postcards and headdress flowers，have brought her instant fame and received many positive comments.Xu’s village is located at the base of Moon Hill，a popular scenic spot 2. (know) for a moon-shaped hole at the summit.
3． (support) her family，Xu，who dropped out of junior school in the 4. (three) grade，began to learn different languages in order to attract more foreign customers.She has been working 5. a guide and vendor in a county and resort town in Yangshuo since 1998，when the area 6. (become) famous with foreign backpackers and organized tours.Over the past two decades，Xu 7. (teach) herself 11 foreign languages，including English，Spanish，Japanese，German，Hebrew，Korean and so on.In addition to making her very popular，her linguistic prowess(造诣) has made 8.__________ easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists.As a result，Xu has also become one of the 9. (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo.Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day，especially foreign visitors,e to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了徐秀珍通过自学11种语言成为阳朔著名导游的故事。
1．答案 selling
解析 考查非谓语动词。空处应用非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，sell和逻辑主语Xu Xiuzhen之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填selling。
2．答案 known
解析 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词“is located”，空处应用非谓语动词，scenic spot与know之间为被动关系，需用过去分词known作后置定语。故填known。
3．答案 To support
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需用不定式to support作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To support。
4．答案 third
解析 考查序数词。根据句意和空前“dropped out of junior school in the”可知，空处需用序数词third修饰grade，表示“三年级”。故填third。
5．答案 as
解析 考查介词。work as“以……(身份)工作”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填as。
6．答案 became
解析 考查动词时态。空处在when引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据“1998”可知，从句描述的是1998年的事情，时态需用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式。故填became。
7．答案 has taught/has been teaching
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Over the past two decades”可知，这里应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has taught/has been teaching。
8．答案 it
解析 考查代词。根据句意可知，空处需用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式to communicate with foreign tourists。故填it。
9．答案 busiest
解析 考查形容词最高级。one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数“最……的……之一”，空处需用形容词最高级busiest作定语，表示“最忙的”。故填busiest。
10．答案 who
解析 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，指人，且从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。(共111张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3
SPORTS AND FITNESS
UNIT 2
内容索引
Part 1 课文深度理解
Part 2 长句难句分析
Part 3 语言知识梳理
Part 4 语法项目精讲
训练4
课文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Any exercise is better than none.
B.The advice to a new runner.
C.Benefits of long-distance running and some advice on it.
D.Advice on how to avoid injuries in long-distance running.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
beginners
running
prevent
strength
immune
risk
relief
Warm-up
Warm-down
5
1.What should you do to be a runner
A.Have a gym membership.
B.Have a pair of good running shoes.
C.Keep on running for thirty minutes every day.
D.Have some special equipment such as a running machine.
√
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
2.What must you do to avoid hurting yourself while running
A.Jog slowly before running.
B.Relax your body before running.
C.Cheer yourself up before running.
D.Warm up and cool down before and after running.
√
3.What does “warm-down” refer to according to the passage
A.The exercise to strengthen your body.
B.The exercise to make you warm enough.
C.The relaxing exercise before a long-distance running.
D.The relaxing exercise after a long-distance running.
√
4.Where may the passage come from
A.A textbook.
B.A website.
C.An advertisement.
D.A guide book.
√
Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1. particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you don’t need a membership of a gym or any special 2. (equip).It is a good way 3. (know) yourself and understand 4. you are capable of.
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
In
equipment
to know
what
Running can help you be 5. (health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and make your heart 6. (strong).It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of serious health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 7. and make you 8. (relief) from aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down 9. (proper) before and after running to avoid 10.________(hurt) yourself.And keep in mind that you should not stop immediately after a long run.
返 回
healthy
stronger
up
relieve
properly
hurting
长句难句分析
1.As people often say，any exercise is better none，but long-distance running particular has a lot of benefits.(P37 Para.1)
结构分析：此句是 句。as引导 从句，意为“______”，but 为连词，后面句子的主语为 ，谓语为 ，宾语为 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好，特别是长跑有很多益处。
than
in
主从复合
非限制性定语
正如
long-distance running
has
benefits
2.There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable .(P37 Para.2)
结构分析：此句是 句，句中to know yourself and to see...为动词不定式作 语，修饰 ；what引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。
of
主从复合
定
way
宾语
3.You are also somebody who worries about (get) sick. (P37 Para.3)
结构分析：此句是 句。who引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
你像很多人一样，也担心自己生病。
getting
主从复合
定语
4.Besides，anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer ____________(them) up.(P37 Para.3)
结构分析：此句是 句，包含一个who 引导的 从句，先行词是 ；主句中的to cheer...up是不定式短语作 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
此外，任何心情低落的人都可以选择跑步让自己振作起来。
themselves
主从复合
定语
anybody
目的状语
5.Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief aches or tension that you may be suffering due stress.(P37 Para.3)
结构分析：此句是 句。that引导 从句，修饰先行词_________________，that在从句中作 语。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
即使跑30分钟也能缓解你因压力而感到的疼痛或紧张。
from
to
主从复合
定语
aches or tension
宾
6....it is important to warm up and cool down (proper) before and after running...(P37 Para.4)
结构分析：此处it作 ，真正的主语是后面的 短语。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
跑步前和跑步后做适当的热身和放松活动很重要。
properly
形式主语
动词不定式
7.Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones can take getting hurt.(P38 Para.1)
结构分析：此句是 句。make sure意思是“ ”，其后是一个宾语从句，省略了引导词 ；amount后的that引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
确保运动量在心脏、肌肉和骨骼的承受范围之内，以免受伤。
返 回
without
主从复合
确保
that
定语
语言知识梳理
n.特别，尤其 adj.特别的；特定的；讲究；挑剔(particularly adv.尤其，特别)
1
particular
·in particular (＝particularly) 尤其，特别
·be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究
(1)I’m interested in Chinese traditional culture， (particular) paper-cutting.
(2)We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment and air pollution particular.
particularly
in
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)这个小女孩太挑食以至于她父母感到特别担心。
The little girl was her parents felt very worried.
写作佳句
so particular about/over food that
n.好处，益处v.(使)受益；得益于(beneficial adj.有益的)
2
benefit
·be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益
for one’s benefit (＝for the benefit of sb) 为了某人的利益
·benefit from/by从……中受益
(1)You’d better keep a balanced diet the benefit of your health.
(2)She often puts forward ideas that are (benefit) to the company’s business and development.
(3)To be frank，I benefit a lot online learning because so many learning materials are available.
for
beneficial
from/by
(4)(应用文写作之活动类)这次比赛不仅有益于改善我们的身心状态，还帮助我们树立积极的生活态度。
①This race our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
②This race our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
写作佳句
is not only beneficial to improving
is not only of benefit to improving
n.设备，装备(equip v.装备；配备)
3
equipment
·a piece of equipment一件设备
·equip...with...用……来装备……
be equipped with...配有……
(1)The charity contributed some money to the school that was very short of (equip).
equipment
(2)(应用文写作之人物描写)Mr Li is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us.
＝ ，Mr Li is well respected by all of us.(过去分词短语作状语)
写作佳句
Equipped with much experience in teaching
vt.预防；阻止，阻挡(prevention n.预防，防范)
4
prevent
注意：在被动语态中，以上结构中的from都不可省略。
keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”
prevent sb (from) doing sth
stop sb (from) doing sth
keep sb from doing sth
阻止某人做某事
(1)We are really sorry to keep you (wait) for so long，and sincerely appreciate your patience and understanding.
(2)To prevent athletes from (cheat)，they ought to take a blood test before a sports event.
waiting
cheating
(3)(环境保护倡议书)必须采取有效的措施阻止环境污染。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
写作佳句
Effective measures must be taken to keep/prevent/stop the environment from being polluted.
n.减轻，缓解(relieve v.减轻 relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的)
5
relief
·in/with relief欣慰地，释然地
breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气
to one’s relief (＝to the relief of sb) 令某人欣慰的是
what a relief总算松了一口气；终于解脱了
·relieve sb of...缓解/减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
(1)Learning that their efforts finally paid off，the crowd sighed ________ relief.
(2)Your tips are so practical that they will surely relieve us the potential trouble.
in/with
of
(3)(读后续写之情感描写)当医生宣布她的孩子已经脱离危险时，她感到一阵宽慰涌上心头。
When the doctor announced that her child was out of danger，_________________________ washing over her.
写作佳句
she felt a wave of relief
n.金额；数量，数额 v.总计，共计；相当于，等于
6
amount
·the amount of... ……的数量
·“大量/少量的”表达：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
·amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
(1)Large amounts of money (spend) on teaching equipment in recent years.
(2)The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted 300 dollars，which could help support my family.
have been spent
to
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。
In order to keep healthy，________________________________
__________________.
写作佳句
a proper amount of regular exercise
is quite necessary
n.满足，满意；令人满意(或欣慰)的事(satisfy vt.使满意；使满足 satisfied adj.满意的 satisfactory＝satisfying adj.令人满意的)
7
satisfaction
·with satisfaction满意地
to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是
·satisfy one’s needs/demands满足某人的需要
·be satisfied with sth/sb对某事/某人感到满意
(1)The teacher was satisfied the students’ performance in the class discussion.
(2)He said he wouldn’t quit trying unless he got ______________________
(satisfy) scores in his studies.
with
satisfying/satisfactory
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)看着我的成绩单，我父亲满意地点了点头，脸上绽开了微笑。
Looking at my report card， ，a smile spreading across his face.
写作佳句
my father nodded with satisfaction
8
suggest引导宾语从句
My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.(P36)
我的朋友建议我试试长跑。
结构分析：此句为主从复合句。suggest引导宾语从句，该从句中使用了虚拟语气。
·suggest表示“建议”时，后面的从句用“should＋动词原形”构成虚拟语
气，其中should可以省略。
·suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，后面的从句用陈述语气。
·suggest doing sth 建议做某事
(1)Many experts suggest (eat) more fruit and vegetables for better health.
(2)我建议你在进行长跑之前寻求专业建议。
I suggest that before engaging in long-distance running.
(3)医生建议病人每天有规律地运动，他的健康状况的改善表明医生的建议是非常有益的。
_____________________________________________________ regularly every day and his improvement in health ___________________________
_____________________________.
eating
you (should) seek professional advice
The doctor suggested that the patient (should) do exercise
suggested that the doctor’s
suggestion was of great benefit
9
“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end.(P38 Para.2)
当你最终发现，所有的汗水和辛劳都是值得的，没有什么比这更令人满足了。
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。“Nothing...more...than”是“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义，意思是“没有比……更……的了”；that引导宾语从句，作动词realise的宾语。
·“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级含义，意为“没有比……更……；
没有像……一样……的了”，常用的否定词有 no，not，never，
nothing，nobody，hardly等
·can/could＋never/not＋be＋形容词＋enough
can/could＋never/not＋be＋too＋形容词
越……越好；再……也不为过
(1)对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更有意义的了。
To us， passing on kindness to those in trouble.
(2)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地说。
“ ” the mother said excitedly.
(3)过马路时，你再小心也不为过。
_______________________________________________ when crossing the street.
返 回
nothing is more meaningful than
I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！
You can’t be too careful/You can’t be careful enough
语法项目精讲
感知下文中的加颜色部分，完成下面的练习
①Every student in my class has a dream university，and ②nobody is aimless. We can always share ③something special and interesting with ④one another.To keep healthy，any exercise is better than ⑤none，so we have PE class every day. However，my deskmate and I are ⑥both lazy，so ⑦neither of us love PE classes. To be honest，though we are lazy，we also agree that ⑧nothing gives ⑨one more satisfaction than sweating on the playground.⑩Everyone in my class will become somebody in the future!
情境导读
上文中的①Every为不定代词，在句中作 ；②nobody 和③something为复合不定代词，在句中分别作 和 ；④one another为不定代词，意为“ ”；⑤none为不定代词，在句中作 ；⑥both表 ；⑦neither表 ；⑧nothing为复合不定代词，在宾语从句中作 ，⑨one作 ；⑩Everyone和 somebody为复合不定代词，在句中分别作 和 。
定语
主语
宾语
彼此
宾语
两者都
两者都不
主语
宾语
主语
表语
不定代词
不定代词是不具体指代某个特定名词的代词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
一、常见不定代词
语法精讲
可数/不可数 不定代词
代替可数名词 one，each，many，another，other，either，neither，(a) few等
代替不可数名词 much，(a) little等
代替可数/不可数名词 none，any，all，some等
语法精讲
可数/不可数 不定代词
复合不定代词 anyone，anybody，anything；someone，somebody，something；everyone，everybody，everything；nobody，no one，nothing等
I’m not satisfied with everything that he did.
我对他做的一切并不满意。
Someone/Somebody is waiting for you on campus.有人在校园里等你。
But I don’t know anyone/anybody in the company.
但是在这家公司里我谁也不认识。
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
只要你用心去做，没有什么是不可能的。
The boxing match will be held in September，but nobody/no one knows the date for sure.
拳击赛将在九月份举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。
二、几组常见不定代词的区别
1.many，much，few，a few，little，a little
含义 对象 许多 有点/些(表示肯定) 几乎没有(表示否定)
可数 many a few few
不可数 much a little little
I have a lot of friends but I don’t have much money.我有很多朋友，但是我没有很多钱。
Just as the saying goes，“Many hands make light work.”
俗话说：“人多力量大。”
The expert’s theory is so difficult that few people can understand and accept it.
这位专家的理论很深奥，几乎没有人能理解并接受它。
In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.
用这种方式，他们只需要一点钱就能去旅游。
2.another，other，the other，others，the others
不定代词 词义 用法
another 另一个，又一个 泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个，后接可数名词单数
other 其他的，另外的 表泛指，作定语，后接名词复数
the other 特指两者中的另一个 常与one连用，构成“one...the other...”
(一个……另一个……)结构
others 泛指别的人或物 是other的复数形式，不能作定语，常构成“some...others...”结构
the others 特指其余的人或物 是the other 的复数形式，常构成“some...the others...”结构
We have two hands.One is on the left，and the other is on the right.
我们有两只手。一只在左边，另一只在右边。
There are 40 students in our class.Three are Americans，and the others are Chinese.我们班有40名学生，3名是美国人，其余的都是中国人。
I have eaten an apple，but I still want another(apple).我已经吃了一个苹果了，但是我还想要一个。
Some students like English while other students/others like physics.
一些学生喜欢英语而另外一些学生喜欢物理。
3.one，the one，ones，the ones，that，those
不定代词 用法
one 用来代替前面提到的可数名词，泛指其同类中的某一个
the one 用来代替前面提到的可数名词单数，特指其同类中的某一个
ones 用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数，为泛指
the ones 用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数，为特指
that 代替“the＋不可数名词”，也可代替“the＋可数名词单数”，这时可以和the one 互换
those 代替前面出现的可数名词复数，避免重复，且表示特指，后有定语修饰，可与the ones通用
A house which is built of bricks lasts longer than the one that is made of woods.
用砖建造的房子比用木头建造的房子耐用。
As we all know，the population of Beijing is larger than that of Jinan.
众所周知，北京的人口比济南的人口多。
The athletes of this team are more dynamic and confident than those/the ones of that team.
这个队的运动员比那个队的运动员更有活力、更自信。
There are various laptops in the store，and I want to buy one.
商店里有各种各样的笔记本电脑，我想买一台。
I don’t like coloured envelopes.I like white ones.我不喜欢彩色信封，我喜欢白色的。
4.both，neither，either
不定代词 意义 在句中所作成分 谓语动词的形式
both 两者都 作主语、宾语、定语或同位语，可以和of短语连用 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
neither 两者都不 作主语、宾语或定语，可以和of短语连用 作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式
either 两者中任一个 作主语、宾语或定语，可以和of短语连用 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
She invited both of us to her birthday party.
她邀请我们两个都去参加她的生日宴会。
It was hard for him to learn English in a family，in which neither of his parents spoke the language.
在一个父母都不说英语的家庭中，学英语对他来说很难。
You can choose either of the topics，but do not attempt both.
你可以选择任意的一个话题，但不能两个都选。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.To our surprise，the pens in this shop are cheaper than in that one.
2.There are two packs on the desk.You can take of them.
3. is impossible if you have confidence as well as work hard.
4.There’s wrong with the machine.We must have it repaired.
5.Cycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is .
6.Helping others is a habit， that you can learn even at an early age.
达标检测
those
either/both
Nothing
something
another
one
7.Of all the books on the desk， is of any benefit to your study.
8.You can ask here for help when you are in trouble.
9.Make sure you’ve got before you leave，such as the passport and the ticket.
10.On Sundays，some people go to play basketball，and stay at home watching TV.
none
anyone/anybody
everything
others
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.如果我们再有两周的时间，我们就能完美地完成任务。
We will finish the task perfectly if .
2.他有一对双胞胎儿子，一个是律师，一个是医生。
He has two twin sons. .
3.他饿了，但在厨房里他找不到吃的东西。
He felt hungry，but he could find in the kitchen.
we are given another two weeks
One is a lawyer while the other is a doctor
nothing to eat
4.我们应该把注意力集中在真正重要的事情上。
We that really matters.
5.令他失望的是，他的朋友们没有一个来参加他的生日派对。
To his disappointment， came to attend his birthday party.
should focus our attention on something
none of his friends
Ⅲ.选择适当的不定代词完成以下语段
everyone，every，all，other，others，both，one，some，many
As senior high school students,1. of us have too much homework 2. day.Only 3. of us can finish it during the day，so the 4._________ have to stay up at night.Fortunately，our teachers told us 5._______ ways to study effectively，among which the two are beneficial
to me in particular.6. is previewing before class and the 7. is
being attentive in class.I think 8. of them can be applied to 9. .
返 回
all
every
others
many
One
other
everyone
both
some
训练4
1.She spoke up in (defend) of her friend who had been misunderstood.
2.First you should set a goal which is (achieve) at the moment.
3.To our (relieve)，we finally know the details of the gymnastics competition.
4.This meeting is (benefit) to strengthening the friendship between the two countries.
5.The doctor gave him some (guideline) to help him relieve his ache.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
defence
achievable
relief
beneficial
guidelines
6.A large amount of time and money (waste) on the meaningless activity last year.
7.After a fire broke out in the company，a lot of (equip) was destroyed.
8.His story serves as an (inspire) and reminds us of the value of working hard.
9.Seeing the big stone removed from the major road，the old man smiled with (satisfy).
10.With the help of these volunteers，I am capable organizing the big event to be held in this city.
was wasted
equipment
inspiration
satisfaction
of
1.听说你现在厌倦学习并想放弃，我很伤心。(be fed up with)
I am sorry to hear that you and want to give up.
2.我建议你采取一些有效措施来减轻你的学习压力。(suggest＋虚拟语气)
___________________________________________________ to relieve your study stress.
3.你可以报名参加一些课外活动，如打篮球、画画等。(sign up for)
You can _______________________________________________________
______________.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)
are now fed up with your study
I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures
sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball
and painting
4.这些活动不仅能帮助你强健身体，还能让你心情愉快。(cheer up)
Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，__________
_____________________.
5.没有什么比被一群朋友围绕更令人开心的了。(否定词＋比较级)
_________________________________________ a group of friends.
组句成篇 以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
but they
can also cheer you up
Nothing is happier than being surrounded by
参考范文
I am sorry to hear that you are now fed up with your study and want to give up.I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures to relieve your study stress.For example，you can sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball and painting.Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，but they can also cheer you up.Besides，nothing is happier than being surrounded by a group of friends，so you should make some friends through these activities.
A
Many of us are not happy with our physical appearance.We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies...Indeed，there is a multibillion-dollar industry built around people’s desire to look “better”.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了运动对改善自我身体形象的积极作用。
I think we all have an idea that our society’s preference for body image is not completely healthy，and it isn’t.There is plenty of research showing that poor body image is connected with depression and eating disorders，especially among women.
Research also has shown that exercise can improve a person’s own body image，regardless of any actual change in their body.One study showed that just 30 minutes of physical activity had a clear positive effect on women’s body image.But why is this
A small study in the magazine Psychology of Sport and Exercise tested different possibilities.They chose 75 college-age women who were dissatisfied with their physical appearance，as measured by several previous questionnaires.The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.Then，half of the women exercised actively for 30 minutes on an exercise bike，while the other half sat in a room and read magazines.Then they all repeated the questionnaires，right away and again 20 minutes later.
The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.The authors suggest that these positive changes may last longer than 20 minutes，and thus may help to explain why people who exercise regularly have better self-images regardless of any actual change in their appearance.They call for further research examining different types of exercise and increasing the post-exercise study time.
Though this is a small study，it does support previous findings.I think it’s safe to say that exercise is clearly connected with improvements in body image，and there is little disadvantage.I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression，and for those who also suffer from poor self-image，this recommendation could be even more important.
1.What does the underlined phrase “a multibillion-dollar industry” probably refer to
A.The fashion industry.
B.The health and fitness industry.
C.The beauty and body care industry.
D.The TV and movie making industry.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段的“We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies”和“around people’s desire to look ‘better’”可知，许多人对自己的外表不满意，想改变自己，于是围绕着人们追求变得更好看的愿望产生了一个产业。由此可知，这个价值数十亿美元的产业会让人变得更好看，所以应该是美容美体行业。故选C。
解析
2.What can we know from the process of the study mentioned in paragraph 4
A.The questionnaire covers various subjects.
B.Women were asked about types of exercise.
C.The questionnaire needs to be done for just one time.
D.The positive changes from exercise last only for 20 minutes.
√
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.”可知，调查问卷涉及的问题是多方面的。故选A。
解析
3.What can we know from the passage
A.A good body image can prevent depression.
B.Exercise has a mental effect on body image.
C.Young women are satisfied with their physical image.
D.Women are more likely to have a good body image than men.
√
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.”可知，锻炼会有一定的心理作用，让人感觉自己变得更好看。故选B。
解析
4.What can be inferred about the writer
A.He may be a professional psychologist.
B.He disagrees with the research findings.
C.He cares more about his physical appearance.
D.He advises researchers to carry out further research.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression...”可推知，作者可能是一名专业的心理医生。故选A。
解析
B
(2025·湖北新高考联考高一上期中)
Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.The research，published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine，found that every extra step above 2,200 steps a day—up to about 10,000—reduces these risks，regardless of how much of the remaining time is spent sitting.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于每日步数与心脏病及早亡风险之间关系的研究。
Researchers found the lowest risk of early death was among people who walked 9,000 to 10,500 steps a day.When it came to avoiding stroke and heart attack，the lowest risks were in people walking about 9,700 steps a day.
For the research，experts led by the University of Sydney used UK Biobank data(数据) from 72,174 people who were aged about 61.They all wore a device(设备) for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke were recorded.The study concluded that between 9,000 and 10,500 steps a day cut the risk of early death by 39% and the risk of a heart attack or stroke by over a fifth.
This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of early death and heart disease.Even low levels of activity could reduce the risk of stroke.
Julie Ward，a senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation，said，“Daily physical activity is important to help maintain a healthy lifestyle and reduce your risk of developing heart conditions and your risk of stroke.This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”
5.How did the researchers get the result of the study
A.By analyzing data.
B.By giving examples.
C.By interviewing experts.
D.By explaining reasons.
√
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For the research，experts...used UK Biobank data(数据) from 72,174 people...for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular...The study concluded that...”可知，专家使用了来自72 174名约61岁人群的英国生物银行数据，在七年的跟踪调查后，记录了1 633例死亡和6 190例心血管事件，最后得出结论，由此推知研究者是通过分析数据来得到研究结果的。故选A。
解析
6.What’s the author’s attitude towards the study
A.Concerned. B.Positive.
C.Objective. D.Unclear.
√
观点态度题。根据文章第四段“This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of...”可知，作者使用“hopeful”来描述这项研究，表明他对这项研究持积极态度。故选B。
解析
7.What activity might Julie Ward disagree with
A.Staying up late to surf the Internet.
B.Going to the gym and enjoying exercise classes.
C.Getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.
D.Taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen.
√
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Daily physical activity is important to...This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”可知，Julie Ward强调了日常身体活动的重要性，并给出了几个例子，但熬夜上网不属于此列，可推知她会对此表示不赞同。故选A。
解析
8.What’s the main idea of the text
A.Walking 2,200 steps a day makes us healthier and live longer.
B.Walking 10,000 steps a day makes us avoid stroke and heart attack.
C.Walking 2,200 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early
death.
D.Walking 10,000 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early
death.
√
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第一段中“Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.”和第四段内容可知，文章主要介绍了每日走10 000步可以降低心脏病和早亡的风险。B选项中的avoid用词不当。故选D。
解析
How to Make Exercise a Habit
The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit.But by the third week of January，that all seems to go out the window.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何养成运动习惯提出建议。
Ⅳ.七选五
I’ve seen this happen almost every year：my workout(锻炼) classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit，helping you stay healthier in the long run.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
根据上文可知，人们很快就会忘记自己的锻炼和健身目标，作者几乎每年都目睹这一现象：作者的锻炼课上满是新面孔。G项“但仅仅几周后，人数就会恢复到正常水平”承接上文，说明新年开始确实会有很多新人参加锻炼，但他们很快又会消失。故选G项。
解析
Focus on the routine and not the results.
These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results，particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit.Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
本段小标题强调“关注过程，而不是结果”。上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results...”提出人们都想找到捷径，尤其是提到健康和健身的时候，D项“但在现实中，结果需要时间才能显现”与上文构成转折关系，指出这一想法的不切实际，并照应小标题。故选D项。
解析
3
Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions.But realistically，if you’re not used to this，it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit.Given this，doing workouts even as small as 5－10 minutes is a good place to start.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
设空句是段首小标题。根据段落内容“每个人似乎都想设定一个大目标……但实际上，如果你不习惯这样做，它只会让你难以承受，最终导致你放弃。考虑到这一点，即使是5到10分钟的小锻炼也是一个很好的开始”可知，本段建议从小锻炼开始，B项“从小型锻炼开始”能概括本段主旨。故选B项。
解析
Forget the “all or nothing” view.
When it comes to exercise，the all or nothing approach does not serve you.Say you plan a workout for today，but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.
4 Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.Just remember your results are from your every effort，no matter how small.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
根据上文“Say you plan a workout for today...you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.”可知，我们可能因为工作而错过计划好的锻炼时间，但这并不意味着失败。结合下文“Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.” 可知，即使你错过了锻炼，也不意味着你已经放弃了。A项“生活中总会发生意外”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
解析
Find joy in your workouts.
Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun.Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. 5
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
根据本段小标题和上文可知，本段讲要在锻炼中找到乐趣，鼓励读者找到有趣的锻炼方式，F项“适合你的锻炼会提升你的动力和乐趣”承接上文，呼应小标题。故选F项。
解析
(2025·四川成都高一上期中)
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen，who speaks 11 different languages with foreigners while 1._________(sell) water，postcards and headdress flowers，have brought her instant fame and received many positive comments.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了徐秀珍通过自学11种语言成为阳朔著名导游的故事。
Ⅴ.语法填空
selling
考查非谓语动词。空处应用非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，sell和逻辑主语Xu Xiuzhen之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填selling。
解析
Xu’s village is located at the base of Moon Hill，a popular scenic spot 2._________(know) for a moon-shaped hole at the summit.
考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词“is located”，空处应用非谓语动词，scenic spot与know之间为被动关系，需用过去分词known作后置定语。故填known。
解析
known
3. (support) her family，Xu，who dropped out of junior school in the 4. (three) grade，began to learn different languages in order to attract more foreign customers.
3.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需用不定式to support作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To support。
4.考查序数词。根据句意和空前“dropped out of junior school in the”可知，空处需用序数词third修饰grade，表示“三年级”。故填third。
解析
To support
third
She has been working 5. a guide and vendor in a county and resort town in Yangshuo since 1998，when the area 6. (become) famous with foreign backpackers and organized tours.
5.考查介词。work as“以……(身份)工作”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填as。
6.考查动词时态。空处在when引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据“1998”可知，从句描述的是1998年的事情，时态需用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式。故填became。
解析
as
became
Over the past two decades，Xu 7. (teach) herself 11 foreign languages，including English，Spanish，Japanese，German，Hebrew，Korean and so on.
考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Over the past two decades”可知，这里应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has taught/has been teaching。
解析
has taught/has been teaching
In addition to making her very popular，her linguistic prowess(造诣) has made 8.____ easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists.
考查代词。根据句意可知，空处需用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式to communicate with foreign tourists。故填it。
解析
it
As a result，Xu has also become one of the 9. (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo.Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day，especially foreign visitors,e to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration.
9.考查形容词最高级。one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数“最……的……之一”，空处需用形容词最高级busiest作定语，表示“最忙的”。故填busiest。
10.考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，指人，且从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
解析
返 回
busiest
who
本课结束
