Section Ⅳ Lesson 3
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the whole text
A．Two blogs about friendships.
B．Friendships in the virtual world.
C．The influence of the Internet on friendships.
D．The Internet plays an important role in friendships.
答案 C
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Robert’s arguments Talking online is no replacement for 1.face-to-face contact.
The Internet can make people 2.self-centred.
Online relationships may not be 3.what they appear to be.
Cathy’s arguments The Internet makes communication 4.much more convenient.
The Internet has also made communication 5.more fun.
Online communication can bring people 6.closer to each other.
Main idea: 7.Different views on the effect of the Internet on friendships.
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
1．According to Robert，what can enable us to develop lifelong friendships
A．Writing letters.
B．Telephoning each other.
C．Chatting frequently online.
D．Communicating face to face.
答案 D
2．Which of the following is the basis of friendship according to Robert
A．Honesty. B．Trust.
C．Personality. D．Ability.
答案 B
3．What does Cathy think of the Internet
A．The Internet limits people’s creativity.
B．The Internet does harm to one’s health.
C．The Internet can help develop friendship.
D．The Internet makes people self-focused.
答案 C
4．What do Robert and Cathy have in common about the effect of the Internet
A．The Internet can harm friendships.
B．The Internet can help develop friendships.
C．The Internet has no effects on friendships.
D．The Internet can bring people closer together.
答案 D
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
There are two blog posts about the effect of the Internet on friendships.One is from Robert，who holds 1.the view that while the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also be 2.harmful(harm) to friendships.Because 3.talking(talk) online can’t replace face-to-face contact，through 4.which important social skills are developed.He thinks that the Internet can make people think of only 5.themselves(they)．In addition，a lot of content 6.posted(post) on social media is shallow or trivial.Last，the people with whom you are chatting online may not be what they appear to be.So it is 7.particularly(particular) dangerous for those who are too trusting.However，the post from Cathy doesn’t subscribe 8.to his opinion.As far as she is 9.concerned(concern)，the Internet makes communication much more convenient and fun.Besides，online communication can actually bring people closer to each other.Whenever someone needs help，friends can immediately provide useful 10.recommendations(recommend) or information.So，what is your opinion？
1．As we know，important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people.(P15 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为复合句，as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”。
汉语翻译：众所周知，重要的社交技能是通过直接与他人接触培养的。
2．It is these skills that enable us to develop(develop) lifelong friendships.(P15 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为强调句，其结构为“it is＋被强调部分＋that...”，此句的被强调部分为主语these skills。
汉语翻译：正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。
3．Friendships are built on the basis(base) of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are.(P15 Para.4)
结构分析：此句为并列复合句，其中and连接两个并列分句。在后一个分句中，that引导宾语从句，who引导宾语从句，作about的宾语。
汉语翻译：友谊建立在信任的基础上，通过线上交流，你永远不能百分之百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。
4．Because of this，going online can be particularly(particular) dangerous for people who are easily(easy) influenced or too trusting.(P15 Para.4)
结构分析：此句为复合句，who引导定语从句，修饰people。
汉语翻译：因此，对于那些容易受影响或过于信任他人的人来说，上网尤其危险。
5．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(P16 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为复合句。其中no matter where/what引导让步状语从句。
汉语翻译：无论你在哪里，又或者在做什么，都可以和朋友们保持联系。
6．Using(use) a smartphone，a tablet or a computer，you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the move.(P16 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句；on the move意为“在行进，在迁移”。
汉语翻译：通过使用智能手机、平板电脑或电脑，无论你在家里还是在外面都能与他人联络。
7．To me，this is a very thought-provoking argument(argue)，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(P16 Para.4)
结构分析：此句为复合句。as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。
汉语翻译：对我来说，这非常发人深省，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。
8．Finally，I believe the Internet brings people closer(close) together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting.(P16 Para.5)
结构分析：此句为复合句。believe后面为省略从属连词that的宾语从句，其中makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
汉语翻译：最后，我相信互联网能使人们更紧密地联系在一起，让与朋友的交流更加方便和有趣。
harm n．& vt.伤害，损害(harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的harmless adj.无害的)
do harm to sb＝do sb harm伤害某人
There is no harm in doing...做……无害处。
be harmful to对……有害
(1)While the sun’s rays can be harmful(harm) to our skin，they also give us beneficial vitamin D.
(2)You should at least give him a chance.After all，there is no harm in listening(listen) to his opinion.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)此外，整天盯着屏幕会伤害我们的眼睛。
In addition，staring at the screen all day long is harmful to/does harm to our eyes.
argument n．论点；论据；争论；争辩(argue v．争论；劝说；主张)
beyond argument无可争辩
argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事
argue for/against (doing) sth据理支持/反对(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
(1)It is beyond argument(argue) that we will benefit from the latest technology innovation.
(2)They are arguing with each other about/over the solution to the problem.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令我非常高兴的是，我终于说服了大卫参加越野跑，这是一项被认为很有意义的活动。
To my great joy，I finally argued David into taking part in the cross-country run，which was viewed as a rewarding activity.
replace vt.取代；代替；接替[replacement n．替换的人(物)]
replace A with/by B 用B替代A
take the place of＝take one’s place代替；替代
in place of代替
(1)More and more families replace bicycles with/by private cars，which，in turn，results in air pollution.
(2)You can use an avata in place of the real image of yourself in online communication.
[写作佳句]
(3)毫无疑问，没有什么能取代母亲的爱和关怀。
There is no doubt that nothing can replace/take the place of mother’s love and care.
rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的(reward vt.奖励；酬谢n.报酬；奖励)
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人
reward sb with sth用某物奖赏/回报某人
in reward for为奖赏……；为报答……
as a reward for作为对……的奖赏/回报
(1)I hugged him tightly，whispering，“You will be rewarded for your generosity in the future.”
(2)I firmly believe that it will be a rewarding(reward) and worthwhile experience for you.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之感谢信)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨帮助。
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for/as a reward for your generous help.
content n．内容；目录；容量 adj.满意的，满足的
·be content with＝be satisfied with对……满意；满足
be content to do sth乐于做某事
·with content 满意地
(1)Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no big difference in life.
(2)My parents are content to live(live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and fresh.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之高兴情绪描写)我的老师立刻咯咯笑了起来，脸上洋溢着满足的微笑。他很满足地对我说：“我对你在写作比赛中的表现很满意。”
Giggling instantly with a content smile spreading on his face, my teacher said to me with content，“I am/feel quite content with your performance in the writing contest.”
basis n．基准，准则；基础；基点(base n．根基；底座；基地；基础vt.以……为根据basic adj.基础的 basically adv.基本上；总的来说)
on the basis of在……的基础上
on a daily/regular basis每天/定期
base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon以……为根据(基础)
(1)It is essential that opinions should be expressed on the basis(base) of fact.
(2)Based on/upon true stories，the movie has an emotional impact on the audience.
(3)Basically speaking，education is about teaching learning skills rather than basic knowledge.(base)
[写作佳句]
(4)如果你想提升英语口语能力，就应该养成每天练习的习惯。
If you want to improve your oral English，you should make it a rule to practice on a daily basis.
focus vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n．焦点
focus (...) on/upon...(把……)集中于……
the focus of...……的焦点/中心
(1)Getting addicted to the virtual world makes it hard for him to focus on/upon the other things in real life.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了那些观看这条网上视频的人关注的焦点。
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I became the focus of the attention of those who viewed the video posted online.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)那么多眼睛盯着我，我的脸涨得通红，开始结结巴巴地进行我的演讲。
With so many eyes focused on/upon me，I blushed and began to stumble over my speech.
make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth
According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(P15 Para.2)
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
结构分析：此句为简单句。communicating through a screen为动名词短语作主语；本句应用了make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth结构，其中it是形式宾语，more difficult是宾语补足语，真正的宾语是后边的不定式to concentrate...to others。
————————————————————————————————————————
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语前。常用的动词有make，think，believe，find，consider，feel等。
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)你最好把每天练习说英语当作一种惯例。
You had better make it a rule to practice speaking English every day.
(2)我到了那儿以后，我发现跟新同事相处很容易。
When I settled there，I found it easy to get along with my new workmates.
(3)我从5岁起就开始学习英语，这让我可以方便地与他人交流。
I have been learning English since I was 5，which makes it possible for me to communicate with others conveniently.
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成其后的练习。
The Internet makes it easier for people to communicate with each other.Using a smartphone，people can talk online，browse the websites，and develop lifelong friendships online.However，many people think that talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact，and the Internet may make teenagers self-centred.The best way to maintain healthy relationships is to have face-to-face communication.
语段中的加黑单词由两个或两个以上单词组合而成。这类词被称作合成词。合成词可以是名词，如smartphone，websites，friendships，relationships。也可以是其他词性，如lifelong，face-to-face，self-centred是合成形容词，online在文中是合成副词。
合成词
由两个或两个以上的单词组合而成的词叫合成词或复合词。高中英语中的合成词非常多，主要包括合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成代词等。
1．合成名词
构成方法 示例
名词＋名词 friendship友谊 bookstore书店 baby-sitter临时保姆
形容词＋名词 greenhouse温室 gentleman 绅士
动词-ing形式＋名词 dining room餐厅 driving license驾照 sleeping bag睡袋
名词＋动词-ing形式 air-conditioning空调 handwriting书法
动词＋名词 pickpocket扒手 driveway私人车道 typewriter打字机
名词＋动词 waterfall瀑布 sunset日落
副词＋动词 outbreak爆发 downfall垮台 income收入
动词＋副词 breakthrough突破 check-up检查
其他形式 well-being安康 editor-in-chief主编 touch-me-not凤仙花 good-for-nothing无用的人 go-between中间人 mother-in-law岳母；婆婆
2.合成形容词
构成方法 示例
形容词＋过去分词或带-ed后缀的词 absent-minded心不在焉的 broken-hearted 心碎的 cold-blooded冷血的 good-tempered脾气好的 middle-aged中年的 short-sighted近视的
其他词＋动词-ing形式 easy-going随和的 hard-working勤奋的 well-meaning好心的 long-standing悠久的
形容词＋名词/名词＋形容词 deep-sea深海的 late-night深夜的 second-hand二手的 ice-cold冰冷的 duty-free免税的
包含副词的合成形容词 broken-down状况很差的 outdoor户外的 off-peak非高峰时期的 all-round全面的
3.合成动词
构成方法 示例
名词＋动词 babysit代人临时照看孩子 sleepwalk梦游 tape-record用磁带录制 spoon-feed用勺子喂
副词＋动词 overcharge超额收费 undergo经历 uplift抬起；振奋
形容词＋动词 safeguard保护 ill-treat虐待
其他形式 blow-dry吹干 deep-fry油炸 stir-fry翻炒
4.合成代词
构成方法 示例
反身代词 myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 yourselves你们自己 ourselves我们自己 themselves他们自己
不定代词 anyone/anybody任何人 everyone/everybody每个人 nobody没有人 something某事 anything任何事 everything所有事 nothing无事
Ⅰ.选词填空
grown up，man made，newly born，passer by，warm hearted，freezing cold
1.The water in the river is freezing-cold，so you’d better not swim in it.
2．My neighbors are warm-hearted and they are always ready to help people in trouble.
3．Grown-ups need to be patient and understanding when dealing with children.
4．My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely newly-born baby.
5．Many countries have launched man-made satellites to circle the earth.
6．Some passers-by lent me a hand when they saw me fall down.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．令我们非常高兴的是，他们帮我们制定了一个长远的计划。
To our great delight，they helped us to map out a long-term plan.
2．他最终到达了一个十字路口，站在那里犹豫不决，琢磨着该走哪条路。
He finally reached a crossroads and stood there，hesitating and wondering which way to choose.
3．我不知道计算机硬件和计算机软件之间的区别。
I have no idea of the difference between computer hardware and computer software.
4．湖中，一只雪白的天鹅飞快地游着去追赶一条慢慢游动的蛇。
A snow-white swan swam swiftly to catch a slowly-swimming snake in a lake.
Ⅲ.根据提示写出正确的合成词
The 1.middle-aged(中年的) man who is 2.hard-working(勤劳的) often works far into the night.To realize his 3.lifelong(一生的) dream，he and his team have decided to have another 4.greenhouse(温室) in this town.While they know the development does not take place 5.overnight(一夜之间)，they are confident that they can 6.overcome(克服) difficulties and achieve success in the end.
训练4 Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．I’d like to begin by briefly(brief) introducing the goods we produce.
2．One should be content with what he has and never regret for what he has done.
3．Both the Winter and Summer Olympics are held every four years on a regular basis(base)．
4．The best way to learn(learn) is to keep yourself informed of the latest information.
5．As we all know，important social skills are developed through direct contact with others.
6．While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
7．The authority encouraged young people to think critically and creatively(creative)．
8．The factory replaced some of its workers with/by robots last year.
9．The boy looked out of the window blankly. Obviously，he was not concentrating on his study.
10．Additionally(addition)，you should confirm the accuracy of the materials you’ve quoted.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)
1．网络非常强大，使得人们足不出户就可以购物。(make it＋adj.＋for sb＋to do...，分词作状语)
The network is very powerful，making it possible for people to shop without leaving home.
2．不论你想买什么，按几个按钮你就可以让人送货上门。(no matter what，deliver)
No matter what you want to buy，press a few buttons and you can have the goods delivered to your house.
3．有些人支持网购，因为网购更便宜、更方便。(because引导原因状语从句)
Some people support online shopping，because it is cheaper and more convenient.
4．而有些人不同意这个观点，他们认为网购不能保证质量。(subscribe to，argument)
Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.
5．在我看来，网络购物不能取代传统的购物。(replace)
In my opinion，shopping online can’t replace traditional shopping.
组句成篇 以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
参考范文
The network is very powerful，making it possible for people to shop without leaving home.No matter what you want to buy，press a few buttons and you can have the goods delivered to your house.Some people support online shopping，because it is cheaper and more convenient.Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.In my opinion，shopping online can’t replace traditional shopping.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·广东深圳高一上期末)
Whale communication has long been a puzzle for scientists，with their underwater sound—“click...click...click”—remaining largely unexplained.However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.
The program is called the Whale Translation Project(WTP)，whose meaning is to know what whales are saying.Its goal is clear but very difficult to achieve.Understanding the communication of whales and other animals could inspire conservation efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.
The WTP started when Gruber，a biologist at Harvard University，turned to a computer scientist for help about dealing with a large amount of data on whale sounds.They thought of applying machine learning，used for improving human language translations，to whales.The sound of click，similar to a binary code(二进制)，is easy for AI to analyze.
Scientists once presented the sounds of a whale using a series of lines to show the number of clicks per second.Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.Gruber can use AI to analyze the differences and the specific context，like the behavior of moving to the surface and hunting for food，and thus understand the meaning of the whale sound easily.He can also discover how whales interact，getting 99% right in predicting(预测) the next click.
This kind of work isn’t limited to whales.Suresh Neethirajan，a computer science and agriculture professor，studies how farmers can use real-time observation to explain animal behaviors.He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家如何利用人工智能技术来解读鲸鱼的声音。
1．What is the purpose of mentioning the discovery in the 1960s
A．To show the success of protecting the environment.
B．To explain the difficulty of saving humpback whales.
C．To stress the value of studying animal communication.
D．To introduce the challenge of understanding whale language.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Understanding the communication of whales...efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.”可知，提到20世纪60年代的发现的目的是强调研究动物交流的价值。故选C。
2．How can AI help according to paragraph 4
A．It records whale sound quickly.
B．It processes sound data effectively.
C．It reads musical notes correctly.
D．It promotes whale interactions directly.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.”可推知，人工智能可以有效地处理声音数据。故选B。
3．What can we learn about AI according to the last paragraph
A．It cures diseases of animals.
B．It improves farmers’ well-being.
C．It aims to change animal behavior.
D．It helps to understand animals’ needs.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.”可知，关于人工智能我们可以了解到的是它有助于理解动物的需求。故选D。
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Scientists develop machine learning.
B．Scientists discover a new whale sound.
C．AI creates a unique type of musical note.
D．AI unlocks the secrets of animal language.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据第一段中“However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家如何利用人工智能技术来解读鲸鱼的声音，所以本文的主旨是人工智能揭开了动物语言的秘密。故选D。
B
(2025·湖南衡阳高一上期末)
Australia has passed a law that aims to prevent people younger than 16 from using social media.The law is meant to protect young people，but some people say it could create more problems than it solves.Under the new law，social media companies must take “reasonable steps” to prevent anyone under 16 from creating an account.If the companies do not follow the law，they could be fined up to US $32 million.
Many people in Australia seem to agree.Recent surveys show that 77% of people in Australia are in favor of the law.People are worried about how social media can hurt young people’s mental health.Many people have heard stories about young people who have been bullied(霸凌) online and later hurt themselves.
But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.Some people believe the law will make it harder for young people to connect with others who can support them.Others worry that the social media ban(禁令) will push young people toward less safe parts of the Internet.
One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.The law says the companies must give people a way to prove their age without sending in a government ID，but it’s not clear how this might work.The demand that the companies collect even more information raises worries about the privacy of young people.
Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 cannot use social media without agreement from a parent.Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people，though these laws have been challenged in court.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚通过了一项旨在阻止16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的法律，但是澳大利亚民众对此持有不同的观点，并且该法律执行起来有一定的难度。
5．What does the underlined word “fined” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Added. B．Cheated.
C．Punished. D．Lent.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的“up to US $32 million”可知，如果有公司不遵守，那么他们会受到罚款的惩罚。画线单词fined意为“惩罚”，与“punished”意思相同。故选C。
6．What do Australians think of the new law
A．They all agree to it.
B．They are all against it.
C．They hold different opinions.
D．They are very worried about it.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many people in Australia seem to agree.”和第三段中“But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.”可推知，澳大利亚人对于新法律的观点不一致。故选C。
7．What is one of the biggest problems in carrying out the law for social media companies
A．How to find out users’ ages.
B．How to use users’ ID cards.
C．How to protect users’ privacy.
D．How to collect users’ thoughts.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.”可知，社交媒体公司执法中最大的问题是如何识别用户的年龄。故选A。
8．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．Many European countries are passing similar laws.
B．France also has no age limit for using social media.
C．A number of laws of the US have been challenged.
D．Teenagers’ use of social media has attracted global attention.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段“Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 can not use social media...Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people...”可知，最后一段主要讲了青少年对社交媒体的使用引起了全球的关注。故选D。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏南通高一上期中)
The Internet offers us an opportunity to know more people (without actually needing to “know them”)，with very little effort.But are online friendships the same as in-real-life(IRL) friendships
1 While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support scientist John Suler’s belief that people “separate their online lives from their offline lives”，the digital natives(such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with social media find differences between online and offline friendships more unclear.
The Pew Research Center(PRC) finds that 57% of American teens make new friends online.But，it also finds that most “digital friendships” stay in the digital space with only 20% of teens having met an online friend in person.It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives. 2 Online meetings come a close third.The reason why online friendships are placed below IRL friendships is the absence of physical intimacy(亲密)．
So，is the Internet bad for relationships Obviously not.But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century. 3 83% of teen social media users believe that social media makes them feel more connected to their friends’ lives.However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships.68% of teen social media users report having experienced unpleasant feelings toward their friends on social media. 4
The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance. 5 And a balance of online and offline interactions will pave the way for better relationships in the world.
A．Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B．People from different countries hold different opinions.
C．But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D．How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E．And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F．26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that happened online.
G．54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom they play games.
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了网络友谊和现实生活中友谊的异同，以及人们对这两种友谊的看法。
1．答案 D
解析 根据下文“While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support...the digital natives (such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with...friendships more unclear.”可知，不同年龄层对网络友谊和现实生活友谊有着不同看法，是对D项“人们如何看待网络友谊和现实生活中的友谊取决于他们的年龄”中观点的举例说明，语意连贯。故选D项。
2．答案 A
解析 上文“It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.”提到现实友谊在数字原住民中也被认为更有价值。A选项“最好的朋友经常在学校和家里见面”承接上文，进一步说明现实友谊的重要性，并能引出下文 “Online meetings come a close third.”。故选A项。
3．答案 E
解析 上文“But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century.”提到网络帮助作者与旧友保持联系。E选项“数字原住民似乎觉得与现实生活中的朋友进行在线互动是有益的”与上文构成并列关系，通过举例来论证段首观点，说明网络对人际关系是有益的。故选E项。
4．答案 F
解析 上文“However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships...on social media.”提到在线互动也可能对现有关系产生负面影响并举例说明这样的负面影响。F选项“26%的青少年曾因为网上发生的事情与朋友发生过争执”承接上文，进一步举例说明在线互动可能带来的负面影响，即青少年可能因为网上的事情与朋友发生争执。故选F项。
5．答案 C
解析 上文“The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance.”提到互联网是远距离人们之间的一个宝贵联系。C选项“但这种联系必须建立在亲密和熟悉的基础上”承接上文，且“this link”指代上文中的“an invaluable link”。故选C项。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·湖南长沙高一上期中)
It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one.Jenny and I 1.________(be) best friends since we were primary school students.Whether we are walking to school，doing homework 2. just hanging out at the weekend，we are hardly out of each other’s sight.But last Saturday，she broke my heart when I found out I was tricked by her.
Our 3. (origin) plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon，but it was canceled because Jenny was sick.Later a classmate told me that she had seen Jenny chatting with another girl in the café on Saturday afternoon.I felt so angry that I not only avoided her during school all day but also didn’t respond to any of her online 4. (message)．
At a loss what to do next，I turned to online communities 5. advice about maintaining friendships.I realized that this friendship was worth saving and I found an opportunity 6. (have) a full and frank talk with her.She explained that she spent 7. morning recovering at home and then she got a call from a long-lost friend who asked her out for coffee.She made an apology to me and said she didn’t want to let go of our friendship.
The incident left me 8. (think) about what it really means to be a good friend.Friendships are like flowers 9. need to be taken good care of.Through our conversation，I know that our friendship will grow 10. (strong) than ever.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友珍妮之间发生误会并修复友谊的故事。
1．答案 have been
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语since we were primary school students可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为Jenny and I，助动词使用have。故填have been。
2．答案 or
解析 考查连词。固定句型whether...or...“无论是……还是……”。故填or。
3．答案 original
解析 考查形容词。空处应为形容词修饰空后的名词plan作定语。故填original。
4．答案 messages
解析 考查名词复数。设空处为名词作介词的宾语，结合空前的any of可知，设空处为名词复数的形式。故填messages。
5．答案 for
解析 考查介词。固定短语turn to sb for advice“向某人征求意见”。故填for。
6．答案 to have
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，不定式to have作后置定语修饰名词opportunity。故填to have。
7．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。根据上文“but it was canceled because Jenny was sick”可知，此处表示珍妮生病的那天的上午，为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
8．答案 thinking
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词，构成“leave＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，设空处和me之间是逻辑上的主动关系。故填thinking。
9．答案 which/that
解析 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为flowers。故填which/that。
10．答案 stronger
解析 考查形容词的比较级。设空处为形容词作表语，根据空后的than可知，设空处为比较级的形式。故填stronger。(共103张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
UNIT 4
内容索引
Part 1 课文深度理解
Part 2 长句难句分析
Part 3 语言知识梳理
Part 4 语法项目精讲
训练4
课文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the whole text
A.Two blogs about friendships.
B.Friendships in the virtual world.
C.The influence of the Internet on friendships.
D.The Internet plays an important role in friendships.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Robert’s arguments Talking online is no replacement for 1. .
The Internet can make people 2. .
Online relationships may not be 3. .
Cathy’s arguments The Internet makes communication 4. .
The Internet has also made communication 5. .
Online communication can bring people 6. .
Main idea: 7. .
face-to-face contact
self-centred
what they appear to be
much more convenient
more fun
closer to each other
Different views on the effect of the Internet on friendships
1.According to Robert，what can enable us to develop lifelong friendships
A.Writing letters.
B.Telephoning each other.
C.Chatting frequently online.
D.Communicating face to face.
√
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
2.Which of the following is the basis of friendship according to Robert
A.Honesty. B.Trust.
C.Personality. D.Ability.
√
3.What does Cathy think of the Internet
A.The Internet limits people’s creativity.
B.The Internet does harm to one’s health.
C.The Internet can help develop friendship.
D.The Internet makes people self-focused.
√
4.What do Robert and Cathy have in common about the effect of the Internet
A.The Internet can harm friendships.
B.The Internet can help develop friendships.
C.The Internet has no effects on friendships.
D.The Internet can bring people closer together.
√
There are two blog posts about the effect of the Internet on friendships.One is from Robert，who holds 1. view that while the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also be 2. (harm) to friendships.Because 3. (talk) online can’t replace face-to-face contact，through 4. important social skills are developed.He thinks that the Internet can make people think of only 5. (they).In addition，a lot of content 6. (post) on social media is shallow or trivial.Last，the people with whom you are chatting online may not be what they appear to be.
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
the
harmful
talking
which
themselves
posted
So it is 7. (particular) dangerous for those who are too trusting.
However，the post from Cathy doesn’t subscribe 8. his opinion.As far as she is 9. (concern)，the Internet makes communication much more convenient and fun.Besides，online communication can actually bring people closer to each other.Whenever someone needs help，friends can immediately provide useful 10. (recommend) or information.So，what is your opinion？
particularly
concerned
to
recommendations
返 回
长句难句分析
1.As we know，important social skills are developed direct contact with other people.(P15 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为 句，as引导 从句，意为“ ”。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
through
复合
非限制性定语
众所周知，重要的社交技能是通过直接与他人接触培养的。
正如，正像
2.It is these skills that enable us (develop) lifelong friendships.
(P15 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为 句，其结构为“ ”，此句的被强调部分为 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
to develop
强调
it is＋被强调部分＋that...
正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。
主语these skills
3.Friendships are built on the (base) of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting are being honest about who they are.(P15 Para.4)
结构分析：此句为 句，其中and连接两个并列分句。在后一个分句中，that引导 从句，who引导 从句，作about的 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
basis
并列复合
宾语
宾语
宾语
友谊建立在信任的基础上，通过线上交流，你永远不能百分之
百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。
to
4.Because of this，going online can be (particular) dangerous for people who are (easy) influenced or too trusting.(P15 Para.4)
结构分析：此句为 句，who引导 从句，修饰 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
particularly
复合
定语
easily
people
因此，对于那些容易受影响或过于信任他人的人来说，上网
尤其危险。
5.You can stay in touch friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(P16 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为 句。其中no matter where/what引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
with
复合
让步状语
无论你在哪里，又或者在做什么，都可以和朋友们保持联系。
6. (use) a smartphone，a tablet or a computer，you can be ____ contact at home and also when you are on the move.(P16 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为 句。when引导 从句；on the move意为“ ”。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Using
复合
时间状语
在行进，在迁移
in
通过使用智能手机、平板电脑或电脑，无论你在家里还是在
外面都能与他人联络。
7.To me，this is a very thought-provoking (argue)，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(P16 Para.4)
结构分析：此句为 句。as引导 从句，意为“ ”。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
argument
复合
原因状语
因为
对我来说，这非常发人深省，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。
8.Finally，I believe the Internet brings people (close) together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting.(P16 Para.5)
结构分析：此句为 句。believe后面为省略从属连词that的 从句，其中makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting为“ ”结构。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
closer
复合
返 回
make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
宾语
最后，我相信互联网能使人们更紧密地联系在一起，让与朋
友的交流更加方便和有趣。
语言知识梳理
n.& vt.伤害，损害(harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的harmless adj.无害的)
1
harm
do harm to sb＝do sb harm伤害某人
There is no harm in doing...做……无害处。
be harmful to对……有害
(1)While the sun’s rays can be (harm) to our skin，they also give us beneficial vitamin D.
(2)You should at least give him a chance.After all，there is no harm in ________(listen) to his opinion.
harmful
listening
(3)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)此外，整天盯着屏幕会伤害我们的眼睛。
In addition，staring at the screen all day long _______________
_______________.
is harmful to/does
写作佳句
harm to our eyes
n.论点；论据；争论；争辩(argue v.争论；劝说；主张)
2
argument
beyond argument无可争辩
argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事
argue for/against (doing) sth据理支持/反对(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
(1)It is beyond (argue) that we will benefit from the latest technology innovation.
(2)They are arguing each other the solution to the problem.
argument
with
about/over
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令我非常高兴的是，我终于说服了大卫参加越野跑，这是一项被认为很有意义的活动。
To my great joy，I finally ________________________________
________________，which was viewed as a rewarding activity.
写作佳句
argued David into taking part in the
cross-country run
vt.取代；代替；接替[replacement n.替换的人(物)]
3
replace
replace A with/by B 用B替代A
take the place of＝take one’s place代替；替代
in place of代替
(1)More and more families replace bicycles private cars，which，in turn，results in air pollution.
(2)You can use an avata place of the real image of yourself in online communication.
with/by
in
(3)毫无疑问，没有什么能取代母亲的爱和关怀。
There is no doubt that ___________________________________
____________________.
写作佳句
nothing can replace/take the place of
mother’s love and care
adj.有益的；有意义的(reward vt.奖励；酬谢n.报酬；奖励)
4
rewarding
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人
reward sb with sth用某物奖赏/回报某人
in reward for为奖赏……；为报答……
as a reward for作为对……的奖赏/回报
(1)I hugged him tightly，whispering，“You will be rewarded your generosity in the future.”
(2)I firmly believe that it will be a (reward) and worthwhile experience for you.
for
rewarding
(3)(应用文写作之感谢信)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨帮助。
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing ____________
_______________________________.
写作佳句
in reward for
/as a reward for your generous help
n.内容；目录；容量 adj.满意的，满足的
5
content
be content with＝be satisfied with对……满意；满足
be content to do sth乐于做某事
with content 满意地
(1)Those who are content their present situations will surely make no big difference in life.
(2)My parents are content (live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and fresh.
with
to live
(3)(读后续写之高兴情绪描写)我的老师立刻咯咯笑了起来，脸上洋溢着满足的微笑。他很满足地对我说：“我对你在写作比赛中的表现很满意。”
Giggling instantly with spreading on his face, my teacher said to me ，“I _______________________
your performance in the writing contest.”
写作佳句
a content smile
with content
am/feel quite content with
n.基准，准则；基础；基点(base n.根基；底座；基地；基础vt.以……为根据basic adj.基础的 basically adv.基本上；总的来说)
6
basis
on the basis of在……的基础上
on a daily/regular basis每天/定期
base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon以……为根据(基础)
(1)It is essential that opinions should be expressed on the (base) of fact.
(2)Based true stories，the movie has an emotional impact on the audience.
(3) speaking，education is about teaching learning skills rather than knowledge.(base)
basis
on/upon
Basically
basic
(4)如果你想提升英语口语能力，就应该养成每天练习的习惯。
If you want to improve your oral English，you should make it a rule to .
写作佳句
practice on a daily basis
vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n.焦点
7
focus
focus (...) on/upon...(把……)集中于……
the focus of...……的焦点/中心
(1)Getting addicted to the virtual world makes it hard for him to focus ________ the other things in real life.
on/upon
(2)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了那些观看这条网上视频的人关注的焦点。
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I __________
__________________ of those who viewed the video posted online.
写作佳句
became the
focus of the attention
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)那么多眼睛盯着我，我的脸涨得通红，开始结结巴巴地进行我的演讲。
With so many eyes ，I blushed and began to stumble over my speech.
focused on/upon me
8
make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth
According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(P15 Para.2)
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
结构分析：此句为简单句。communicating through a screen为动名词短语作主语；本句应用了make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth结构，其中it是形式宾语，more difficult是宾语补足语，真正的宾语是后边的不定式to concentrate...to others。
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语前。常用的动词有make，think，believe，find，consider，feel等。
(1)你最好把每天练习说英语当作一种惯例。
You had better .
(2)我到了那儿以后，我发现跟新同事相处很容易。
When I settled there，____________________________________________.
(3)我从5岁起就开始学习英语，这让我可以方便地与他人交流。
I have been learning English since I was 5，_________________________
_______________________________________.
返 回
make it a rule to practice speaking English every day
which makes it possible for
I found it easy to get along with my new workmates
me to communicate with others conveniently
语法项目精讲
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成其后的练习。
The Internet makes it easier for people to communicate with each other.Using a smartphone，people can talk online，browse the websites，and develop lifelong friendships online.However，many people think that talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact，and the Internet may make teenagers self-centred.The best way to maintain healthy relationships is to have face-to-face communication.
情境导读
语段中的加颜色单词由 单词组合而成。这类词被称作_______。合成词可以是名词，如__________________________________
___________。也可以是其他词性，如______________________________
是合成形容词， 在文中是合成副词。
两个或两个以上
合成词
smartphone，websites，friendships，
relationships
lifelong，face-to-face，self-centred
online
合成词
由两个或两个以上的单词组合而成的词叫合成词或复合词。高中英语中的合成词非常多，主要包括合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成代词等。
语法精讲
1.合成名词
构成方法 示例
名词＋名词 friendship友谊 bookstore书店
baby-sitter临时保姆
形容词＋名词 greenhouse温室 gentleman 绅士
动词-ing形式＋名词 dining room餐厅 driving license驾照 sleeping bag睡袋
名词＋动词-ing形式 air-conditioning空调 handwriting书法
动词＋名词 pickpocket扒手 driveway私人车道 typewriter打字机
名词＋动词 waterfall瀑布 sunset日落
副词＋动词 outbreak爆发 downfall垮台 income收入
动词＋副词 breakthrough突破 check-up检查
其他形式 well-being安康 editor-in-chief主编
touch-me-not凤仙花 good-for-nothing无用的人
go-between中间人 mother-in-law岳母；婆婆
2.合成形容词
构成方法 示例
形容词＋过去分词或带-ed后缀的词 absent-minded心不在焉的 broken-hearted 心碎的 cold-blooded冷血的 good-tempered脾气好的 middle-aged中年的 short-sighted近视的
其他词＋动词-ing形式 easy-going随和的 hard-working勤奋的
well-meaning好心的 long-standing悠久的
形容词＋名词/名词＋形容词 deep-sea深海的 late-night深夜的 second-hand二手的 ice-cold冰冷的 duty-free免税的
包含副词的合成形容词 broken-down状况很差的 outdoor户外的 off-peak非高峰时期的 all-round全面的
3.合成动词
构成方法 示例
名词＋动词 babysit代人临时照看孩子 sleepwalk梦游
tape-record用磁带录制 spoon-feed用勺子喂
副词＋动词 overcharge超额收费 undergo经历 uplift抬起；振奋
形容词＋动词 safeguard保护 ill-treat虐待
其他形式 blow-dry吹干 deep-fry油炸 stir-fry翻炒
4.合成代词
构成方法 示例
反身代词 myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 yourselves你们自己 ourselves我们自己 themselves他们自己
不定代词 anyone/anybody任何人 everyone/everybody每个人 nobody没有人 something某事 anything任何事 everything所有事 nothing无事
Ⅰ.选词填空
达标检测
1.The water in the river is ，so you’d better not swim in it.
2.My neighbors are and they are always ready to help people in trouble.
3. need to be patient and understanding when dealing with children.
grown -up，man -made，newly- born，passer -by，warm -hearted，freezing -cold
freezing-cold
warm-hearted
Grown-ups
4.My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely baby.
5.Many countries have launched satellites to circle the earth.
6.Some lent me a hand when they saw me fall down.
newly-born
man-made
passers-by
grown -up，man -made，newly- born，passer -by，warm -hearted，freezing -cold
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.令我们非常高兴的是，他们帮我们制定了一个长远的计划。
To our great delight，they helped us to map out .
2.他最终到达了一个十字路口，站在那里犹豫不决，琢磨着该走哪条路。
He finally and stood there，hesitating and wondering which way to choose.
a long-term plan
reached a crossroads
3.我不知道计算机硬件和计算机软件之间的区别。
I have no idea of the difference __________________________________
_________________.
4.湖中，一只雪白的天鹅飞快地游着去追赶一条慢慢游动的蛇。
________________________swiftly to catch a ______________________ in a lake.
between computer hardware and
computer software
A snow-white swan swam
slowly-swimming snake
Ⅲ.根据提示写出正确的合成词
The 1. (中年的) man who is 2. (勤劳的) often works far into the night.To realize his 3. (一生的) dream，he and his team have decided to have another 4. (温室) in this town.While they know the development does not take place 5.__________
(一夜之间)，they are confident that they can 6. (克服) difficulties and achieve success in the end.
middle-aged
hard-working
返 回
lifelong
greenhouse
overnight
overcome
训练4
1.I’d like to begin by (brief) introducing the goods we produce.
2.One should be content what he has and never regret for what he has done.
3.Both the Winter and Summer Olympics are held every four years on a regular (base).
4.The best way (learn) is to keep yourself informed of the latest information.
5. we all know，important social skills are developed through direct contact with others.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
briefly
with
basis
to learn
As
6. I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
7.The authority encouraged young people to think critically and ________
(creative).
8.The factory replaced some of its workers robots last year.
9.The boy looked out of the window blankly. Obviously，he was not concentrating his study.
10. (addition)，you should confirm the accuracy of the materials you’ve quoted.
While
creatively
with/by
on
Additionally
1.网络非常强大，使得人们足不出户就可以购物。(make it＋adj.＋for sb＋to do...，分词作状语)
The network is very powerful，___________________________________
____________________.
2.不论你想买什么，按几个按钮你就可以让人送货上门。(no matter what，deliver)
____________________________，press a few buttons and you can _____
_____________________________.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)
making it possible for people to shop
without leaving home
No matter what you want to buy
have
the goods delivered to your house
3.有些人支持网购，因为网购更便宜、更方便。(because引导原因状语从句)
Some people support online shopping，_____________________________
___________.
4.而有些人不同意这个观点，他们认为网购不能保证质量。(subscribe to，argument)
________________________________________________，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.
5.在我看来，网络购物不能取代传统的购物。(replace)
In my opinion，shopping online .
组句成篇 以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
because it is cheaper and more
convenient
Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument
can’t replace traditional shopping
参考范文
The network is very powerful，making it possible for people to shop without leaving home.No matter what you want to buy，press a few buttons and you can have the goods delivered to your house.Some people support online shopping，because it is cheaper and more convenient.Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.In my opinion，shopping online can’t replace traditional shopping.
A
(2025·广东深圳高一上期末)
Whale communication has long been a puzzle for scientists，with their underwater sound—“click...click...click”—remaining largely unexplained.
However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家如何利用人工智能技术来解读鲸鱼的声音。
The program is called the Whale Translation Project(WTP)，whose meaning is to know what whales are saying.Its goal is clear but very difficult to achieve.Understanding the communication of whales and other animals could inspire conservation efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.
The WTP started when Gruber，a biologist at Harvard University，turned to a computer scientist for help about dealing with a large amount of data on whale sounds.They thought of applying machine learning，used for improving human language translations，to whales.The sound of click，similar to a binary code(二进制)，is easy for AI to analyze.
Scientists once presented the sounds of a whale using a series of lines to show the number of clicks per second.Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.Gruber can use AI to analyze the differences and the specific context，like the behavior of moving to the surface and hunting for food，and thus understand the meaning of the whale sound easily.He can also discover how whales interact，getting 99% right in predicting(预测) the next click.
This kind of work isn’t limited to whales.Suresh Neethirajan，a computer science and agriculture professor，studies how farmers can use real-time observation to explain animal behaviors.He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.
1.What is the purpose of mentioning the discovery in the 1960s
A.To show the success of protecting the environment.
B.To explain the difficulty of saving humpback whales.
C.To stress the value of studying animal communication.
D.To introduce the challenge of understanding whale language.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Understanding the communication of whales...efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.”可知，提到20世纪60年代的发现的目的是强调研究动物交流的价值。故选C。
解析
2.How can AI help according to paragraph 4
A.It records whale sound quickly.
B.It processes sound data effectively.
C.It reads musical notes correctly.
D.It promotes whale interactions directly.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.”可推知，人工智能可以有效地处理声音数据。故选B。
解析
3.What can we learn about AI according to the last paragraph
A.It cures diseases of animals.
B.It improves farmers’ well-being.
C.It aims to change animal behavior.
D.It helps to understand animals’ needs.
√
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.”可知，关于人工智能我们可以了解到的是它有助于理解动物的需求。故选D。
解析
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Scientists develop machine learning.
B.Scientists discover a new whale sound.
C.AI creates a unique type of musical note.
D.AI unlocks the secrets of animal language.
√
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据第一段中“However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家如何利用人工智能技术来解读鲸鱼的声音，所以本文的主旨是人工智能揭开了动物语言的秘密。故选D。
解析
B
(2025·湖南衡阳高一上期末)
Australia has passed a law that aims to prevent people younger than 16 from using social media.The law is meant to protect young people，but some people say it could create more problems than it solves.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚通过了一项旨在阻止16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的法律，但是澳大利亚民众对此持有不同的观点，并且该法律执行起来有一定的难度。
Under the new law，social media companies must take “reasonable steps” to prevent anyone under 16 from creating an account.If the companies do not follow the law，they could be fined up to US $32 million.
Many people in Australia seem to agree.Recent surveys show that 77% of people in Australia are in favor of the law.People are worried about how social media can hurt young people’s mental health.Many people have heard stories about young people who have been bullied(霸凌) online and later hurt themselves.
But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.Some people believe the law will make it harder for young people to connect with others who can support them.Others worry that the social media ban(禁令) will push young people toward less safe parts of the Internet.
One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.The law says the companies must give people a way to prove their age without sending in a government ID，but it’s not clear how this might work.The demand that the companies collect even more information raises worries about the privacy of young people.
Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 cannot use social media without agreement from a parent.Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people，though these laws have been challenged in court.
5.What does the underlined word “fined” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Added. B.Cheated.
C.Punished. D.Lent.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的“up to US $32 million”可知，如果有公司不遵守，那么他们会受到罚款的惩罚。画线单词fined意为“惩罚”，与“punished”意思相同。故选C。
解析
6.What do Australians think of the new law
A.They all agree to it.
B.They are all against it.
C.They hold different opinions.
D.They are very worried about it.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many people in Australia seem to agree.”和第三段中“But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.”可推知，澳大利亚人对于新法律的观点不一致。故选C。
解析
7.What is one of the biggest problems in carrying out the law for social media companies
A.How to find out users’ ages.
B.How to use users’ ID cards.
C.How to protect users’ privacy.
D.How to collect users’ thoughts.
√
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.”可知，社交媒体公司执法中最大的问题是如何识别用户的年龄。故选A。
解析
8.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A.Many European countries are passing similar laws.
B.France also has no age limit for using social media.
C.A number of laws of the US have been challenged.
D.Teenagers’ use of social media has attracted global attention.
√
段落大意题。根据最后一段“Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 can not use social media...Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people...”可知，最后一段主要讲了青少年对社交媒体的使用引起了全球的关注。故选D。
解析
(2025·江苏南通高一上期中)
The Internet offers us an opportunity to know more people (without actually needing to “know them”)，with very little effort.But are online friendships the same as in-real-life(IRL) friendships
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了网络友谊和现实生活中友谊的异同，以及人们对这两种友谊的看法。
Ⅳ.七选五
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
1 While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support scientist John Suler’s belief that people “separate their online lives from their offline lives”，
根据下文“While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support...the digital natives (such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with...friendships more unclear.”可知，不同年龄层对网络友谊和现实生活友谊有着不同看法，是对D项“人们如何看待网络友谊和现实生活中的友谊取决于他们的年龄”中观点的举例说明，语意连贯。故选D项。
解析
the digital natives(such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with social media find differences between online and offline friendships more unclear.
The Pew Research Center(PRC) finds that 57% of American teens make new friends online.But，it also finds that most “digital friendships” stay in the digital space with only 20% of teens having met an online friend in person.It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
2 Online meetings come a close third.The reason why online friendships are placed below IRL friendships is the absence of physical intimacy(亲密).
上文“It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.”提到现实友谊在数字原住民中也被认为更有价值。A选项“最好的朋友经常在学校和家里见面”承接上文，进一步说明现实友谊的重要性，并能引出下文 “Online meetings come a close third.”。故选A项。
解析
So，is the Internet bad for relationships Obviously not.But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century.
3 83% of teen social media users believe that social media makes them feel more connected to their friends’ lives.However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships.
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
上文“But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century.”提到网络帮助作者与旧友保持联系。E选项“数字原住民似乎觉得与现实生活中的朋友进行在线互动是有益的”与上文构成并列关系，通过举例来论证段首观点，说明网络对人际关系是有益的。故选E项。
解析
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends
beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with
whom they play games.
√
68% of teen social media users report having experienced unpleasant feelings toward their friends on social media. 4
上文“However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships...on social media.”提到在线互动也可能对现有关系产生负面影响并举例说明这样的负面影响。F选项“26%的青少年曾因为网上发生的事情与朋友发生过争执”承接上文，进一步举例说明在线互动可能带来的负面影响，即青少年可能因为网上的事情与朋友发生争执。故选F项。
解析
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance. 5 And a balance of online and offline interactions will pave the way for better relationships in the world.
上文“The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance.”提到互联网是远距离人们之间的一个宝贵联系。C选项“但这种联系必须建立在亲密和熟悉的基础上”承接上文，且“this link”指代上文中的“an invaluable link”。故选C项。
解析
(2025·湖南长沙高一上期中)
It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友珍妮之间发生误会并修复友谊的故事。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Jenny and I 1.___________(be) best friends since we were primary school students.Whether we are walking to school，doing homework 2._____just hanging out at the weekend，we are hardly out of each other’s sight.But last Saturday，she broke my heart when I found out I was tricked by her.
have been
or
1.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语since we were primary school students可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为Jenny and I，助动词使用have。故填have been。
2.考查连词。固定句型whether...or...“无论是……还是……”。故填or。
解析
Our 3. (origin) plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon，but it was canceled because Jenny was sick.Later a classmate told me that she had seen Jenny chatting with another girl in the café on Saturday afternoon.I felt so angry that I not only avoided her during school all day but also didn’t respond to any of her online 4.___________(message).
original
messages
3.考查形容词。空处应为形容词修饰空后的名词plan作定语。故填original。
4.考查名词复数。设空处为名词作介词的宾语，结合空前的any of可知，设空处为名词复数的形式。故填messages。
解析
At a loss what to do next，I turned to online communities 5.____ advice about maintaining friendships.I realized that this friendship was worth saving and I found an opportunity 6. (have) a full and frank talk with her.
for
5.考查介词。固定短语turn to sb for advice“向某人征求意见”。故填for。
6.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，不定式to have作后置定语修饰名词opportunity。故填to have。
解析
to have
She explained that she spent 7. morning recovering at home and then she got a call from a long-lost friend who asked her out for coffee.She made an apology to me and said she didn’t want to let go of our friendship.
the
考查冠词。根据上文“but it was canceled because Jenny was sick”可知，此处表示珍妮生病的那天的上午，为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
解析
The incident left me 8. (think) about what it really means to be a good friend.Friendships are like flowers 9. need to be taken good care of.
thinking
8.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词，构成“leave＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，设空处和me之间是逻辑上的主动关系。故填thinking。
9.考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为flowers。故填which/that。
解析
which/that
Through our conversation，I know that our friendship will grow 10._________(strong) than ever.
考查形容词的比较级。设空处为形容词作表语，根据空后的than可知，设空处为比较级的形式。故填stronger。
解析
stronger
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本课结束
