UNIT 3 The art of painting——绘画艺术
主题语境:人与社会——绘画艺术
大观念之单元话题:本单元在“人与社会”的主题语境下,探讨了“绘画艺术”。涉及的语篇类型多样,有旅行日记、博客文章、操作指南、海报等。旨在帮助学生更多地了解中外绘画知识,增强文化意识,提高艺术修养。
①feature / fi t (r)/ v.以……特色
②architecture / k tekt (r)/n.建筑学
③precious / pre s/adj.珍奇的;珍稀的
④giant / d a nt/n.伟人,卓越人物
⑤manuscript / m nj skr pt/n.手稿;草稿
⑥documentary / d kju ment( )ri/n.纪录影片;纪实广播(或电视)节目
类文悦读·情境导学
中国国家博物馆正在举办一个新的特别展览,包括中国国家博物馆精心挑选的350多件藏品。展览结合他们的生活用品、视频和照片,旨在全面了解这些中国大师。
Masterpieces on display at National Museum of China
The National Museum of China is hosting a new special exhibition featuring① masters in various areas like the fine arts,literature and architecture②. The new exhibition,which occupies two exhibition halls at the museum over six sections,includes over 350 items carefully selected by the National Museum of China.
These precious③ art treasures include Qi Baishi’s painting Pine,Crane and the Rising Sun and Xu Beihong’s painting Jiu Fang Gao,or Horse Master as well as literature giant④ Lu Xun’s manuscripts⑤,musician Xian Xinghai’s music scores and personal letters from writers Cao Yu and Li Siguang.
Together with their life items,videos and photos,the exhibition aims to give a full picture of these Chinese masters.
According to Wang Chunfa,director of the National Museum of China,the exhibition,based on the documentary⑥ series,offers visitors a chance to get close to 100 masters who made great contributions to Chinese culture.
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the pictures,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
答案 The title “First impressions”,together with the pictures,reminds me of the Impressionist painters and their unique techniques. The travel journal could mention how painters used the techniques,what effects they created,as well as the reasons why they used the techniques.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The author’s first impression of the Impressionists.
B.The author’s first impression of the Impressionist art museum—Musée d’Orsay.
C.The author’s first impression of the Impressionists’ masterpieces.
D.The author’s first impression of the Post-Impressionist painters.
答案 B
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each part.
Part1(Para.1) A.Impressionist painters shared some similarities in terms of their subject matter and painting techniques,and influenced future painters and modern art.
Part 2(Paras.2-4) B.Seeing the Musée d’Orsay was what I was looking forward to most about my trip to Paris.
Part 3(Paras.5 & 6) C.I was impressed by two of the greatest Impressionist painters Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir the most.
答案 Part 1 B Part 2 C Part 3 A
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the text type of the passage
A.An advertisement. B.A book review.
C.A diary. D.An interview.
2.What do we know about the Musée d’Orsay
A.It is located in an old railway building.
B.It is the most famous in the world.
C.There are paintings of all kinds of movements.
D.It is a place everyone expects to visit.
3.What does the phrase “laid eyes on” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Buy. B.View.
C.Draw. D.Place.
4.What can we learn about Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette
A.It’s Renoir’s most famous painting.
B.It was painted by Renoir in 1876.
C.It is made up of small areas of light.
D.It shows so much clear details.
5.What can we infer from the passage
A.There is only an Impressionist gallery in the Musée d’Orsay.
B.Impressionists seldom painted everyday subject matter.
C.Not only Post-Impressionist painters but also modern artists have been influenced by Impressionism.
D.Impressionist painters paid attention to every detail.
答案 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen,nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.(P30 Para.2)
[学会断句] 此句为主从复合句。主句为nothing could have prepared me for the wonder,句中Even though引导让步状语从句;I felt为省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句,修饰先行词the wonder;when I finally...为时间状语从句。
尝试翻译:尽管我曾在电脑屏幕上数百次地欣赏过它们,但当我最终看到实物时,我所感受到的惊奇令我怎么也没想到。
2.Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail in a scene—just a brief “impression” they had at that moment,burning with vivid colours and light,before it disappeared.(P31 Para.5)
[学会断句] 此句为主从复合句。主句为Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail,句中they had at the moment 为省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词impression;burning with vivid colours and light为现在分词短语作伴随状语;before引导时间状语从句。
尝试翻译:印象派画家不会试图描绘场景中的每一个细节——只是他们在那一刻产生的瞬间“印象”,在它消失之前,迸发着鲜明的光彩。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
1.Visiting (visit) museums is a very rewarding experience. On June 3rd this year,I paid a visit 2.to the Musée d’Orsay in Paris,which features some of the best-known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.
Among so many amazing works,I 3.was impressed(impress) by two of the greatest Impressionist painters,Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. 4.Inspired (inspire) by nature,Monet spent thirty 5.years (year) of life painting mostly scenes from his garden.Monet’s famous piece Blue Water Lilies shows one of these scenes. Around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond 6.are (be)all in different colours and styles. Renoir, I noticed,preferred to paint scenes of everyday life. His 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette shows life in 7.a busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon. It was their similarities 8.which/that can be seen throughout the Impressionists’ paintings that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay.
The Impressionists’ vision inspired a whole new generation of Post-Impressionist painters such 9.as Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin. The Impressionist movement has also made a 10.difference (different)to modern art. It certainly left a lasting impression on me too!
[原文呈现] First impressions
3 June
Paris,France
As a huge art fan,I knew exactly what I was looking forward to① most about my trip to Paris: visiting the Musée d’Orsay[1].Housed② in an old railway building[2],this world-famous art museum features③ some of the best-known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.
[1]此处what 引导宾语从句。
[2]此处house活用为动词,Housed in an old railway building为过去分词短语作状语。
As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery④,I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen,nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on ⑤ the real thing[3]. While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works,the artists who made the deepest impression on⑥ me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters,Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
[3]句中Even though引导让步状语从句,when引导时间状语从句,I felt是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰wonder。
I could see from Monet’s works that he was greatly inspired by nature.In the last three decades⑦ of his life he painted mostly⑧ scenes from his garden.One of these scenes is shown in the famous piece Blue Water Lilies,which I studied for quite a while in the gallery.I couldn’t believe it when I heard he did around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond⑨,all in different colours and styles[4]. It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene,he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas⑩ in a unique way.
[4]句中when引导时间状语从句,从句中heard后跟一个省略了that的宾语从句。
Renoir,I noticed,preferred to paint scenes of everyday life.For me,the most interesting of his paintings is his 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette,which shows life in a busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon.When I saw it up close ,I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting,and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together[5].There’s so much going on,but so little clear detail.This effect makes the lively movement of the dance almost jump out at the viewer.
[5]句中When引导时间状语从句,主句由and连接的两个并列分句组成。
Although the paintings had very different settings ,it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists’ paintings.Monet and Renoir,along with other like-minded artists ,sought liberation from the rules of the old style.Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works,as opposed to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art[6].They employed free brushwork and used colours to show the effect of light on things,creating paintings that were far less realistic than the works that came before.To me,these techniques are the essence of the Impressionist view of art.Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail in a scene—just a brief “impression” they had at that moment[7],burning with vivid colours and light,before it disappeared[8].
[6]此处that引导定语从句。
[7]此处为定语从句,前面省略that/which。
[8]画线部分为现在分词短语作状语。
The Impressionists’ vision inspired a whole new generation of Post-Impressionist painters such as Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin,whose works are also displayed at the Musée d’Orsay[9].It is also worthy of note that Post-Impressionist painters were not the only ones to be influenced by Impressionism—the movement has had a lasting influence on modern art,encouraging artists to look at the world from an entirely new point of view.It certainly left a lasting impression on me too!
[9]此处whose引导非限制性定语从句。
[名师圈点]
①look forward to
(高兴地)盼望,期待;其中to是介词
②house /haus/ v.[熟词生义] 安置,收藏
③feature / fi t (r)/ vt.以……为特色 n.特征,特色
④gallery / ɡ l ri/ n.展览馆,画廊;长廊,走廊;楼上旁听席
⑤lay/set eyes on sb/sth看见某人某物(lay的过去式和过去分词均为 laid)
⑥make/leave a(n)...impression on
给……留下……印象
impress / m pres/ vi.& vt.
(使)留下深刻印象
impressive / m pres v/ adj.
令人敬佩的;令人赞叹的
⑦decade / deke d;d ke d/
n.十年,十年期
⑧mostly / m stli/ adv.主要地,一般地
⑨pond /p nd/ n.池塘,水池
⑩canvas / k nv s/ n.画布,油画;帆布
neighbourhood / ne b h d/ (AmE neighborhood) n.街区,城区;邻近的地方
up close在近处,很近地
strike /stra k/ vt. & vi.(struck,struck) 突然想到;撞,碰;打;突击;罢工;划(火柴) n.罢工;袭击;击,打
be stuck by 被……打动,迷恋……
jump out at...(某人)一眼就看得出来,极易引起(某人)注意
setting / set / n.环境,背景;情节背景
similarity / s m l r ti/ n.[C]相似处;[U]相似性,类似性
along with与……一起(along with连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与along with 前面的主语保持一致)
like-minded artists
志趣相投的艺术家们
like-minded / la k ma nd d/ adj.
想法相同的,志趣相投的
liberation / l b re n/ n.解放,摆脱
subject matter n.[U](著作、讲话,绘画等的)主题,题材,主要内容
opposed / p zd/ adj.
截然不同的;强烈反对的
as opposed to (表示对比)而,相对于
dominate / d m ne t/ vt.& vi.
在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色;支配,控制;占有优势;俯视
employ / m pl / vt.
运用,使用;雇用
brushwork / br w k/ n.
(画家的)笔触,画法
essence / esns/ n.
本质,精髓;香精,精油
in essence本质上
vivid / v v d/ adj.鲜明的,耀眼的;生动的
give a vivid description /account of...生动地描述……
vision / v n/ [U]远见卓识;视力,视野;[C]想象
have good/perfect/poor /normal vision 视力好/极好/差/正常
[拓展] visible / v z b( )l/ adj.看得见的;可见的;明显的
display /d sple / vt.陈列,展出;显示,表现 n.陈列,展览;表现;展示
on display 陈列,展出
worthy / w i/ adj.值得(或应得)……的;值得尊敬的,值得注意的
point of view n.[C]考虑角度,判断方法;观点,态度
[拓展] from one’s point of view
在某人看来;从某人的角度来看
[参考译文] 第一印象
6月3日
法国巴黎
作为一个超级艺术迷,我确切地知道这次巴黎之行我最期待的是什么: 参观奥赛博物馆。这座举世闻名的艺术博物馆设于一座古老的铁路建筑中,重点展出十九世纪印象派运动中最著名的一些画作。
当我漫步在印象派画廊时,我欣赏到了像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。尽管我曾在电脑屏幕上数百次地欣赏过它们,但当我最终看到实物时,我所感受到的惊奇令我怎么也没想到。虽然很难从这么多令人惊叹的作品中挑选出一幅最喜欢的画,但给我印象最深的艺术家是两位最伟大的印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔-奥古斯特·雷诺阿。
我可以从莫奈的作品中看出他受到了大自然的极大启发。在他生命的最后30年里,他画的大多是他花园的场景。其中一个场景出现在著名作品《蓝睡莲》中,我在美术馆里仔细看了很长一段时间。当我听说他为同一个睡莲池画了大约250幅不同颜色和风格的画时,我简直不敢相信。令人惊叹的是,每次莫奈观察这处简单的风景时,他都以一种独特的方式让池塘的美跃然于画布之上。
我注意到,雷诺阿更喜欢画日常生活的场景。对我来说,他最有趣的绘画作品是他1876年的杰作《煎饼磨坊的舞会》,它展示了周日下午巴黎繁忙街区的生活。我靠近观察,画面上遍布着小面积的光斑,人物柔和的轮廓好像融为一体,令我惊叹不已。有这么多事情发生,但很少有清晰的细节。这种效果使舞蹈的活泼动作几乎一下子吸引住观众。
尽管这些画的背景截然不同,但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里,它们的相似之处一直留在我的脑海中——这种相似之处在印象派画家的画作中随处可见。莫奈和雷诺阿,以及其他志趣相投的艺术家,寻求从旧风格的规则中解放出来。日常题材是他们作品的重点,这有别于传统上在欧洲艺术中占主导地位的历史题材画作。他们运用了自由的笔触,用色彩来展示光投射在物体上的效果,创作出的绘画作品远不像前人所作的那么写实。对我来说,这些技巧是印象派艺术的精髓。印象派画家不会试图描绘场景中的每一个细节——只是他们在那一刻产生的瞬间“印象”,在它消失之前,迸发着鲜明的光彩。
印象派画家的远见卓识启发了新一代的后印象派画家,如文森特·凡·高和保罗·高更,他们的作品也在奥赛博物馆展出。同样值得注意的是,后印象派画家并不是唯一受到印象派影响的人——印象派运动对现代艺术产生了持久的影响,鼓励艺术家从一个全新的角度看世界。这当然也给我留下了难以磨灭的印象!
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
What’s On
Master’s teens
Forceful Cuts,now running at the Art Museum of China Profiles,through to Sept 17,shows the late artist Huang Yongyu’s efforts in woodcut art. His woodcuts show a good assessment of human nature,with wisdom and humor. Huang once said he lived every day in the same serious way as he worked on wood,“paying great attention to every cut”.
9 am—5 pm,closed on Mondays.
66 Shapowei,Daxue Road,Siming district,Xiamen,Fujian Province.
Art into soul
Two artists Xu Li and Andrey Kovalchuk are presenting an exhibition at Shanghai’s New Art Museum,through to July 30.Xu is showing dozens of his oil paintings. Kovalchuk,who chairs the Russian artists association,brings 24 sculptures. The show compares the cultural traditions and individual concerns of the two cultures.
9 am—5 pm,closed on Mondays.
1528 Gumei Road,Shanghai.
Eternal glare
The use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects,such as bowls,and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the Neolithic culture in China. Throughout centuries,lacquer art has been viewed as an important part of Hubei’s cultural heritage (遗产). Dozens of fine examples of this art from the collection of the Hubei Museum of Art are now on show at World of Lacquer,an exhibition running through to July 30,at the Anhui Art Museum.
9 am—5 pm,closed on Mondays.
1 Chengdu Road,Binhu New District,Hefei,Anhui Province.
Academy work
Over 240 paintings,prints,sculptures and seal engravings (篆刻) are on show at the gallery of the China National Academy of Painting until July 8,offering a look of the works of academy artists all over the country. The exhibition shows works done in the traditional style and new explorations.
9 am—4:30 pm,closed on Mondays.
54 Xisanhuan Beilu,Haidian district,Beijing.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个艺术博物馆的展出内容以及相关的信息。
1.What can you enjoy at the Art Museum of China Profiles
A.Lacquer art. B.Oil paintings.
C.Woodcuts. D.Seal engravings.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据Master’s teens中“Forceful Cuts,now running at...with wisdom and humor.”可知,你能在中国艺术博物馆欣赏到木刻艺术。故选C项。]
2.In which museum can you learn about an ancient art of preserving objects
A.The Anhui Art Museum.
B.Shanghai’s New Art Museum.
C.The Art Museum of China Profiles.
D.The China National Academy of Painting.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据Eternal glare中“The use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects,such as bowls,and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the Neolithic culture in China.”以及“Dozens of fine examples of this art from...at the Anhui Art Museum.”可知,在安徽美术馆你能了解到保存文物的古老艺术。故选A项。]
3.What is special about the exhibition held in Beijing
A.It is not open to the public on Mondays.
B.It compares two different cultural traditions.
C.It tells the story of a late artist.
D.It shows works of academy artists across the country.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据Academy work中“Over 240 paintings,...works of academy artists all over the country.”以及“54 Xisanhuan Beilu,Haidian district,Beijing.”可知,在北京举办的展览会展示了全国各地学院艺术家的作品。故选D项。]
B
People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years.The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals.They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain.No one knows why they were painted there.Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.
About 5,000 years ago,the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as a kind of writing.They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas,and also to represent the sounds of their language.The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet (字母表).The Egyptians used to record information and tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together.When an important person died,scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried(埋葬).For the Egyptians,pictures still had magic power.So they did not try to make their way of writing simple.The ordinary people could not understand it.
These days,we can write down a story,or record information,without using pictures.But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing,photographs,signs and diagrams.We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers,in the street,and on the walls of the places where we live and work.Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily,and they can make a story much more interesting.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绘画的历史以及今天图画的用途。
4.Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because .
A.the hunters wanted to see the pictures
B.the painters were animal lovers
C.the painters wanted to show imagination
D.the pictures were thought to be helpful
答案 D [细节理解题。 根据文章第一段中的“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知,古代人以为他们的绘画会对捕捉动物有所帮助,故选D。]
5.How did the Egyptians record information and tell stories
A.By combining picture writing and pictures.
B.By painting pictures of the animals.
C.By writing them down in a book.
D.By singing them.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Egyptians used to record information and tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together.”可知,埃及人过去把象形文字和绘画放在一起来记录信息和讲述故事。故选A。]
6.Why did the Egyptians make their way of writing complex
A.Because they wanted to show they were educated.
B.Because they wanted to express their mixed feelings.
C.Because they thought pictures had magic power.
D.Because they thought writing was better than pictures.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For the Egyptians,pictures still had magic power.So they did not try to make their way of writing simple.”可知,在埃及人看来,图画还具有魔力。所以他们不去简化他们的书写形式。故选C。]
7.What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A.Pictures should be made comprehensible.
B.Pictures should be made interesting.
C.Pictures are of much use in our life.
D.Pictures have disappeared from our life.
答案 C [段落大意题。文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途,故选C。]
C
Throughout history,many of the world’s greatest artists never achieved tremendous fame until after their death.That’s the case of Vivian Maier,who’s now considered to be one of the most important American street photographers of the last century,alongside famous names like Diane Arbus and Henri Cartier-Bresson.But she remained unknown for much of her life,and it was only a chance encounter with a box of negatives that put her in the spotlight.
Details of her life are unclear,but she was born in New York City in the 1920s to European parents.Maier grew up in France before returning to the U.S.,where she spent several decades working as a nanny in Chicago to wealthy families.During her days off Maier is thought to have taken more than 100,000 photographs of people and city scenes in Chicago,yet she kept the photos to herself—many of them never developed.
Skip ahead to 2007,a Chicago historian and collector,John Maloof,came across Maier’s work by accident after purchasing a box of tens of thousands of undeveloped negatives for $380 Sat an auction (拍卖).As he developed them,Maloof realized they were more than just photos.He was looking at evocative (唤起回忆的) art illustrating a Chicago of the mid-20-century that nobody had never seen.Maloof worked to uncover who the photographer was,acquiring more and more of her work.But before he could locate her,Maier had already passed away in 2009,having slipped on ice and never recovering from her head injury.
While Maloof researched Maier’s work,more details emerged.She kept to herself,her employers said,and she would spend her free days taking photos on the streets of Chicago with a Rolleiflex camera.According to Maloof,the children Maier took care of knew she was constantly taking photos,yet she never showed her photos to anyone.Maier also traveled around the world,as indicated by some of her photos.
Other collectors began to acquire Maier’s photos,but Maloof owns much of her work.He released a book,Vivian Maier: Street Photographer,in 2011,and his documentary, Finding Vivian Maier,came out in 2013.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国业余街头摄影师Vivian Maier及其作品的发现过程。
8.Which word can be used to describe Vivian’s life
A.Risky. B.Wealthy.
C.Mysterious. D.Miserable.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But she remained unknown...put her in the spotlight.”及第二段第一句“Details of her life are...to European parents.”可知,关于Vivian Maier的生活,人们了解的并不多,因此可以用“神秘”来形容她的一生。]
9.What do we know about Vivian Maier
A.She was born in France.
B.She never developed her photos.
C.She enjoyed great fame in her life.
D.She took photos of Chicago and other cities.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“She kept to herself,her...with a Rolleiflex camera.”和最后一句“Maier also traveled around...by some of her photos.”可知,Vivian Maier拍摄了芝加哥及其他城市的照片。]
10.What did Maloof do after he found Maier’s photos
A.He approached Maier’s former employers.
B.He managed to meet the artist in the flesh.
C.He released a collection of Maier’s work.
D.He purchased more developed negatives.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“While Maloof researched Maier’s...with a Rolleiflex camera.”可推知,Maloof在发现Maier的作品后,为了更好地了解她,联系了她之前的雇主。]
11.What can be inferred about Vivian Maier’s photos
A.They were presented to her employers.
B.They were meant to earn her a fortune.
C.They were taken by a professional artist.
D.They were of artistic and historical value.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和第三句“As he developed...nobody had never seen.”可知,Vivian Maier所拍摄的照片兼具艺术和历史价值。]
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
The Steps in Restoring a Painting
Every work is different. The only thing they all have in common is it takes time! Below we have broken the restoration (修复) process into 6 major steps.
Step 1 The Test Clean
We use “Ultraviolet Light (紫外光)” to check which generally shows up any previous restoration. Once satisfied,we then “Spot Clean” in several places using a cotton stick to carefully remove the varnish (亮光漆) and determine what lies beneath! 1
Step 2 Client Communication
We always contact the client at this stage! 2 After detailed discussions it was decided to reveal and restore the original painting.
Step 3 Total Clean
3 It involves extreme care in removing the many years of old varnish and any previous restoration or repainting work done by other restorers to reveal the original painting.
Step 4 Stretchers and Relining
It’s at this stage where the canvas (画布) is relined. 4 We always try to keep the painting as original as possible.
Step 5 Retouching
Retouching is extremely time-consuming and must be undertaken with great care! Although we are literally “drawing” paint to infill the damaged areas,the style and brushwork of the original artist must be respected and copied to maintain the authenticity (真实性) of the work.
Step 6 Varnishing and Finishing
5 We offer a choice from Matt,Semi Matt through to full Gloss to meet the clients’ taste. They are applied by hand or spray to suit the work and style of the painting.
A.We discuss the way forward.
B.This stage frightens many people.
C.Total clean is a slow and painful job.
D.We use a range of top quality varnishes to protect the work.
E.The effect must match the original painting as closely as possible.
F.And only in the most extreme circumstances would we fit a new or recycled stretcher.
G.This is the first time we can truly know what work is required to complete the restoration.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了修复绘画的步骤。
1.G [根据小标题和上文内容可推知,进行“检查清洁”是修复绘画的第一步,通过检查来发现需要对什么地方进行修复,并先对其进行清洁,即G选项“This is the first time we can truly know what work is required to complete the restoration.”符合题意,故选G项。]
2.A [上文“We always contact the client at this stage!”提出联系客户,A项“We discuss the way forward.”承接上文,说明联系客户的目的,上下文语意连贯。故选A项。]
3.C [C项“Total clean is a slow and painful job.”对应该部分的小标题,对其做进一步的说明,上下文语意连贯。故选C项。]
4.F [下文“We always try to keep the painting as original as possible.”是对F项“And only in the most extreme circumstances would we fit a new or recycled stretcher.”的解释说明,即只有在极端情况下才会更换画框,因为原则是保持画原来的样子。F项中“stretcher”与小标题相照应。故选F项。]
5.D [下文“We offer a choice...style of the painting.”讲述了修复用漆的选择,是对D项“We use a range of top quality varnishes to protect the work.”内容的说明,上下文语意连贯。故选D项。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 A篇:woodcut n.木刻 sculpture n.雕塑 B篇:represent v.代表 C篇:variation n.变化,变动;变奏曲 七选五:maintain v.维持;保持
主题词块 A篇:a good assessment of human nature对人性的良好评价 C篇:in comparison with与……比较,同……比较起来 in terms of就……而言;从……角度来看
熟词生义 A篇:chair熟义:n.椅子;主席;委员长 生义:v.担任;主持;管理 He was about to chair a meeting in Venice of E.U. foreign ministers. 他将担任威尼斯欧盟外交部部长会议的主席。
难句剖析 C篇:Different ways of creating lines are used when painting a landscape,flowers and birds,clouds,and bamboos. [译文] 在画风景、花鸟、云、竹时,用不同的方法来画线。 [分析] 本句是复合句,主句是Different ways are used。when painting a landscape,flowers and birds,clouds,and bamboos是状语从句的省略,相当于when they were painting a landscape,flowers and birds,clouds,and bamboos。(共84张PPT)
主题语境:人与社会——绘画艺术
UNIT 3 The art of painting——绘画艺术
大观念之单元话题:本单元在“人与社会”的主题语境下,探讨了“绘画艺术”。涉及的语篇类型多样,有旅行日记、博客文章、操作指南、海报等。旨在帮助学生更多地了解中外绘画知识,增强文化意识,提高艺术修养。
①feature / fi t (r)/ v.以……特色
②architecture / k tekt (r)/ n.建筑学
③precious / pre s/ adj.珍奇的;珍稀的
④giant / d a nt/ n.伟人,卓越人物
⑤manuscript / m nj skr pt/ n.手稿;草稿
⑥documentary / d kju ment( )ri/ n.纪录影片;纪实广播(或电视)节目
类文悦读·情境导学
中国国家博物馆正在举办一个新的特别展览,包括中国国家博物馆精心挑选的350多件藏品。展览结合他们的生活用品、视频和照片,旨在全面了解这些中国大师。
Masterpieces on display at National Museum of China
The National Museum of China is hosting a new special exhibition featuring① masters in various areas like the fine arts,literature and architecture②. The new exhibition,which occupies two exhibition halls at the museum over six sections,includes over 350 items carefully selected by the National Museum of China.
These precious③ art treasures include Qi Baishi’s painting Pine,Crane and the Rising Sun and Xu Beihong’s painting Jiu Fang Gao,or Horse Master as well as literature giant④ Lu Xun’s manuscripts⑤,musician Xian Xinghai’s music scores and personal letters from writers Cao Yu and Li Siguang.
Together with their life items,videos and photos,the exhibition aims to give a full picture of these Chinese masters.
According to Wang Chunfa,director of the National Museum of China,the exhibition,based on the documentary⑥ series,offers visitors a chance to get close to 100 masters who made great contributions to Chinese culture.
文本整体理解
内
容
索
引
语篇助解释疑
课时测评作业
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the pictures,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
The title “First impressions”,together with the pictures,reminds me of the Impressionist painters and their unique techniques. The travel journal could mention how painters used the techniques,what effects they created,as well as the reasons why they used the techniques.
Step Two:While－reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The author’s first impression of the Impressionists.
B.The author’s first impression of the Impressionist art museum—Musée d’Orsay.
C.The author’s first impression of the Impressionists’ masterpieces.
D.The author’s first impression of the Post－Impressionist painters.
√
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Para.1) A.Impressionist painters shared some similarities in terms of their subject matter and painting techniques,and influenced future painters and modern art.
Part 2(Paras.2－4)B.Seeing the Musée d’Orsay was what I was looking forward to most about my trip to Paris.
Part 3(Paras.5 & 6)C.I was impressed by two of the greatest Impressionist painters Claude Monet and Pierre－Auguste Renoir the most.
答案 Part 1 B Part 2 C Part 3 A
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
visiting
Impressionist
gallery
works
masterpiece
similarities
influence
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the text type of the passage
A.An advertisement.
B.A book review.
C.A diary.
D.An interview
√
2.What do we know about the Musée d’Orsay
A.It is located in an old railway building.
B.It is the most famous in the world.
C.There are paintings of all kinds of movements.
D.It is a place everyone expects to visit.
√
3.What does the phrase “laid eyes on” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Buy. B.View.
C.Draw. D.Place.
√
4.What can we learn about Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette
A.It’s Renoir’s most famous painting.
B.It was painted by Renoir in 1876.
C.It is made up of small areas of light.
D.It shows so much clear details.
√
5.What can we infer from the passage
A.There is only an Impressionist gallery in the Musée d’Orsay.
B.Impressionists seldom painted everyday subject matter.
C.Not only Post－Impressionist painters but also modern artists have been influenced by Impressionism.
D.Impressionist painters paid attention to every detail.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen,nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.(P30 Para.2)
[学会断句] 此句为 句。主句为
, 句中Even though引导让步状语从句;I felt为省略了关系代词 的定语从句,修饰先行词the wonder;when I finally...为时间状语从句。
尝试翻译:
主从复合
nothing could have
prepared me for the wonder
that或which
尽管我曾在电脑屏幕上数百次地欣赏过它们,但当我最终看到实物时,我所感受到的惊奇令我怎么也没想到。
2.Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail in a scene—just a brief “impression” they had at that moment,burning with vivid colours and light,before it disappeared.(P31 Para.5)
[学会断句] 此句为 句。主句为______________________
____________________________, 句中they had at the moment 为省略了关系词的 从句,修饰先行词impression;burning with vivid colours and light为现在分词短语作 ;before引导时间状语从句。
主从复合
Impressionist artists
did not try to paint every detail
定语
伴随状语
尝试翻译:
印象派画家不会试图描绘场景中的每一个细节——只是他们在那一刻产生的瞬间“印象”,在它消失之前,迸发着鲜明的光彩。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
1. (visit) museums is a very rewarding experience. On June 3rd this year,I paid a visit 2. the Musée d’Orsay in Paris,which features some of the best－known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.
Among so many amazing works,I 3. (impress) by two of the greatest Impressionist painters,Claude Monet and Pierre－Auguste Renoir. 4. (inspire) by nature,Monet spent
Visiting
to
was impressed
Inspired
thirty 5. (year) of life painting mostly scenes from his garden.Monet’s famous piece Blue Water Lilies shows one of these scenes. Around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond 6.__________ (be)all in different colours and styles. Renoir, I noticed,preferred to paint scenes of everyday life. His 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette shows life in 7. busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon. It was their similarities 8._____________ can be seen throughout the Impressionists’ paintings that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay.
years
are
a
which/that
The Impressionists’ vision inspired a whole new generation of Post－Impressionist painters such 9.______________ Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin. The Impressionist movement has also made a 10. (different)to modern art. It certainly left a lasting impression on me too!
as
difference
语 篇 助 解 释 疑
[1]此处what 引导宾语从句。
[2]此处house活用为动词,Housed in an old railway building为过去分词短语作状语。
[3]句中Even though引导让步状语从句,when引导时间状语从句,I felt是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰wonder。
[4]句中when引导时间状语从句,从句中heard后跟一个省略了that的宾语从句。
[5]句中When引导时间状语从句,主句由and连接的两个并列分句组成。
[6]此处that引导定语从句。
[7]此处为定语从句,前面省略that/which。
[8]画线部分为现在分词短语作状语。
[9]此处whose引导非限制性定语从句。
[名师圈点]
①look forward to(高兴地)盼望,期待;其中to是介词
②house /haus/ v.[熟词生义] 安置,收藏
③feature / fi t (r)/ vt.以……为特色 n.特征,特色
④gallery / ɡ l ri/ n.展览馆,画廊;长廊,走廊;楼上旁听席
⑤lay/set eyes on sb/sth看见某人某物(lay的过去式和过去分词均为 laid
⑥make/leave a(n)...impression on给……留下……印象
impress / m pres/ vi.& vt.(使)留下深刻印象
impressive / m pres v/ adj.令人敬佩的;令人赞叹的
⑦decade / deke d;d ke d/n.十年,十年期
⑧mostly / m stli/ adv.主要地,一般地
⑨pond /p nd/ n.池塘,水池
⑩canvas / k nv s/ n.画布,油画;帆布
neighbourhood / ne b h d/ (AmE neighborhood) n.街区,城区;邻近的地方
up close在近处,很近地
strike /stra k/ vt. & vi.(struck,struck) 突然想到;撞,碰;打;突击;罢工;划(火柴) n.罢工;袭击;击,打
be stuck by 被……打动,迷恋……
jump out at...(某人)一眼就看得出来,极易引起(某人)注意
setting / set / n.环境,背景;情节背景
similarity / s m l r ti/ n.[C]相似处;[U]相似性,类似性
along with与……一起(along with连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与along with 前面的主语保持一致)
like－minded artists志趣相投的艺术家们
like－minded / la k ma nd d/ adj.想法相同的,志趣相投的
liberation / l b re n/ n.解放,摆脱
subject matter n.[U](著作、讲话,绘画等的)主题,题材,主要内容
opposed / p zd/ adj.截然不同的;强烈反对的
as opposed to (表示对比)而,相对于
dominate / d m ne t/ vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色;支配,控制;占有优势;俯视
employ / m pl / vt.运用,使用;雇用
brushwork / br w k/ n.(画家的)笔触,画法
essence / esns/ n.本质,精髓;香精,精油
in essence本质上
vivid / v v d/ adj.鲜明的,耀眼的;生动的
give a vivid description /account of...生动地描述……
vision / v n/ [U]远见卓识;视力,视野;[C]想象
have good/perfect/poor /normal vision 视力好/极好/差/正常
[拓展] visible / v z b( )l/ adj.看得见的;可见的;明显的
display /d sple / vt.陈列,展出;显示,表现 n.陈列,展览;表现;展示
on display 陈列,展出
worthy / w i/ adj.值得(或应得)……的;值得尊敬的,值得注意的
point of view n.[C]考虑角度,判断方法;观点,态度
[拓展] from one’s point of view在某人看来;从某人的角度来看
[参考译文] 第一印象
6月3日
法国巴黎
作为一个超级艺术迷,我确切地知道这次巴黎之行我最期待的是什么: 参观奥赛博物馆。这座举世闻名的艺术博物馆设于一座古老的铁路建筑中,重点展出十九世纪印象派运动中最著名的一些画作。
当我漫步在印象派画廊时,我欣赏到了像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。尽管我曾在电脑屏幕上数百次地欣赏过它们,但当我最终看到实物时,我所感受到的惊奇令我怎么也没想到。虽然很难从这么多令人惊叹的作品中挑选出一幅最喜欢的画,但给我印象最深的艺术家是两位最伟大的印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔－奥古斯特·雷诺阿。
我可以从莫奈的作品中看出他受到了大自然的极大启发。在他生命的最后30年里,他画的大多是他花园的场景。其中一个场景出现在著名作品《蓝睡莲》中,我在美术馆里仔细看了很长一段时间。当我听说他为同一个睡莲池画了大约250幅不同颜色和风格的画时,我简直不敢相信。令人惊叹的是,每次莫奈观察这处简单的风景时,他都以一种独特的方式让池塘的美跃然于画布之上。
我注意到,雷诺阿更喜欢画日常生活的场景。对我来说,他最有趣的绘画作品是他1876年的杰作《煎饼磨坊的舞会》,它展示了周日下午巴黎繁忙街区的生活。我靠近观察,画面上遍布着小面积的光斑,人物柔和的轮廓好像融为一体,令我惊叹不已。有这么多事情发生,但很少有清晰的细节。这种效果使舞蹈的活泼动作几乎一下子吸引住观众。
尽管这些画的背景截然不同,但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里,它们的相似之处一直留在我的脑海中——这种相似之处在印象派画家的画作中随处可见。莫奈和雷诺阿,以及其他志趣相投的艺术家,寻求从旧风格的规则中解放出来。日常题材是他们作品的重点,这有别于传统上在欧洲艺术中占主导地位的历史题材画作。他们运用了自由的笔触,用色彩来展示光投射在物体上的效果,创作出的绘画作品远不像前人所作的那么写实。对我来说,这些技巧是印象派艺术的精髓。印象派画家不会试图描绘场景中的每一个细节——只是他们在那一刻产生的瞬间“印象”,在它消失之前,迸发着鲜明的光彩。
印象派画家的远见卓识启发了新一代的后印象派画家,如文森特·凡·高和保罗·高更,他们的作品也在奥赛博物馆展出。同样值得注意的是,后印象派画家并不是唯一受到印象派影响的人——印象派运动对现代艺术产生了持久的影响,鼓励艺术家从一个全新的角度看世界。这当然也给我留下了难以磨灭的印象!
课 时 测 评 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
What’s On
Master’s teens
Forceful Cuts,now running at the Art Museum of China Profiles,through to Sept 17,shows the late artist Huang Yongyu’s efforts in woodcut art. His woodcuts show a good assessment of human nature,with wisdom and humor. Huang once said he lived every day in the same serious way as he worked on wood,“paying great attention to every cut”.
9 am—5 pm,closed on Mondays.
66 Shapowei,Daxue Road,Siming district,Xiamen,Fujian Province.
Art into soul
Two artists Xu Li and Andrey Kovalchuk are presenting an exhibition at Shanghai’s New Art Museum,through to July 30.Xu is showing dozens of his oil paintings. Kovalchuk,who chairs the Russian artists association,brings 24 sculptures. The show compares the cultural traditions and individual concerns of the two cultures.
9 am—5 pm,closed on Mondays.
1528 Gumei Road,Shanghai.
Eternal glare
The use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects,such as bowls,and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the Neolithic culture in China. Throughout centuries,lacquer art has been viewed as an important part of Hubei’s cultural heritage (遗产). Dozens of fine examples of this art from the collection of the Hubei Museum of Art are now on show at World of Lacquer,an exhibition running through to July 30,at the Anhui Art Museum.
9 am—5 pm,closed on Mondays.
1 Chengdu Road,Binhu New District,Hefei,Anhui Province.
Academy work
Over 240 paintings,prints,sculptures and seal engravings (篆刻) are on show at the gallery of the China National Academy of Painting until July 8,offering a look of the works of academy artists all over the country. The exhibition shows works done in the traditional style and new explorations.
9 am—4:30 pm,closed on Mondays.
54 Xisanhuan Beilu,Haidian district,Beijing.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个艺术博物馆的展出内容以及相关的信息。
1.What can you enjoy at the Art Museum of China Profiles
A.Lacquer art. B.Oil paintings.
C.Woodcuts. D.Seal engravings.
解析 细节理解题。根据Master’s teens中“Forceful Cuts,now running at...with wisdom and humor.”可知,你能在中国艺术博物馆欣赏到木刻艺术。故选C项。
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2.In which museum can you learn about an ancient art of preserving objects
A.The Anhui Art Museum.
B.Shanghai’s New Art Museum.
C.The Art Museum of China Profiles.
D.The China National Academy of Painting.
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解析 细节理解题。根据Eternal glare中“The use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects,such as bowls,and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the Neolithic culture in China.”以及“Dozens of fine examples of this art from...at the Anhui Art Museum.”可知,在安徽美术馆你能了解到保存文物的古老艺术。故选A项。
3.What is special about the exhibition held in Beijing
A.It is not open to the public on Mondays.
B.It compares two different cultural traditions.
C.It tells the story of a late artist.
D.It shows works of academy artists across the country.
解析 细节理解题。根据Academy work中“Over 240 paintings,...works of academy artists all over the country.”以及“54 Xisanhuan Beilu,Haidian district,Beijing.”可知,在北京举办的展览会展示了全国各地学院艺术家的作品。故选D项。
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B
People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years.The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals.They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain.No one knows why they were painted there.Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.
About 5,000 years ago,the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as a kind of writing.They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas,and also to represent the sounds of their language.The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet (字母表).The Egyptians used to record information and tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together.When an important person died,scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried(埋葬).For the Egyptians,pictures still had magic power.So they did not try to make their way of writing simple.The ordinary people could not understand it.
These days,we can write down a story,or record information,without using pictures.But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing,photographs,signs and diagrams.We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers,in the street,and on the walls of the places where we live and work.Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily,and they can make a story much more interesting.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绘画的历史以及今天图画的用途。
4.Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because .
A.the hunters wanted to see the pictures
B.the painters were animal lovers
C.the painters wanted to show imagination
D.the pictures were thought to be helpful
解析 细节理解题。 根据文章第一段中的“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知,古代人以为他们的绘画会对捕捉动物有所帮助,故选D。
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5.How did the Egyptians record information and tell stories
A.By combining picture writing and pictures.
B.By painting pictures of the animals.
C.By writing them down in a book.
D.By singing them.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Egyptians used to record information and tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together.”可知,埃及人过去把象形文字和绘画放在一起来记录信息和讲述故事。故选A。
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6.Why did the Egyptians make their way of writing complex
A.Because they wanted to show they were educated.
B.Because they wanted to express their mixed feelings.
C.Because they thought pictures had magic power.
D.Because they thought writing was better than pictures.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For the Egyptians,pictures still had magic power.So they did not try to make their way of writing simple.”可知,在埃及人看来,图画还具有魔力。所以他们不去简化他们的书写形式。故选C。
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7.What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A.Pictures should be made comprehensible.
B.Pictures should be made interesting.
C.Pictures are of much use in our life.
D.Pictures have disappeared from our life.
解析 段落大意题。文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途,故选C。
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C
Throughout history,many of the world’s greatest artists never achieved tremendous fame until after their death.That’s the case of Vivian Maier,who’s now considered to be one of the most important American street photographers of the last century,alongside famous names like Diane Arbus and Henri Cartier-Bresson.But she remained unknown for much of her life,and it was only a chance encounter with a box of negatives that put her in the spotlight.
Details of her life are unclear,but she was born in New York City in the 1920s to European parents.Maier grew up in France before returning to the U.S.,where she spent several decades working as a nanny in Chicago to wealthy families.During her days off Maier is thought to have taken more than 100,000 photographs of people and city scenes in Chicago,yet she kept the photos to herself—many of them never developed.
Skip ahead to 2007,a Chicago historian and collector,John Maloof,came across Maier’s work by accident after purchasing a box of tens of thousands of undeveloped negatives for $380 Sat an auction (拍卖).As he developed them,Maloof realized they were more than just photos.He was looking at evocative (唤起回忆的) art illustrating a Chicago of the mid-20-century that nobody had never seen.Maloof worked to uncover who the photographer was,acquiring more and more of her work.But before he could locate her,Maier had already passed away in 2009,having slipped on ice and never recovering from her head injury.
While Maloof researched Maier’s work,more details emerged. She kept to herself,her employers said,and she would spend her free days taking photos on the streets of Chicago with a Rolleiflex camera.According to Maloof,the children Maier took care of knew she was constantly taking photos,yet she never showed her photos to anyone.Maier also traveled around the world,as indicated by some of her photos.
Other collectors began to acquire Maier’s photos,but Maloof owns much of her work.He released a book,Vivian Maier: Street Photographer,in 2011,and his documentary, Finding Vivian Maier,came out in 2013.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国业余街头摄影师Vivian Maier及其作品的发现过程。
8.Which word can be used to describe Vivian’s life
A.Risky. B.Wealthy.
C.Mysterious. D.Miserable.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But she remained unknown...put her in the spotlight.”及第二段第一句“Details of her life are...to European parents.”可知,关于Vivian Maier的生活,人们了解的并不多,因此可以用“神秘”来形容她的一生。
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9.What do we know about Vivian Maier
A.She was born in France.
B.She never developed her photos.
C.She enjoyed great fame in her life.
D.She took photos of Chicago and other cities.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“She kept to herself,her...with a Rolleiflex camera.”和最后一句“Maier also traveled around...by some of her photos.”可知,Vivian Maier拍摄了芝加哥及其他城市的照片。
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10.What did Maloof do after he found Maier’s photos
A.He approached Maier’s former employers.
B.He managed to meet the artist in the flesh.
C.He released a collection of Maier’s work.
D.He purchased more developed negatives.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“While Maloof researched Maier’s...with a Rolleiflex camera.”可推知,Maloof在发现Maier的作品后,为了更好地了解她,联系了她之前的雇主。
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11.What can be inferred about Vivian Maier’s photos
A.They were presented to her employers.
B.They were meant to earn her a fortune.
C.They were taken by a professional artist.
D.They were of artistic and historical value.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和第三句“As he developed...nobody had never seen.”可知,Vivian Maier所拍摄的照片兼具艺术和历史价值。
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Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
The Steps in Restoring a Painting
Every work is different. The only thing they all have in common is it takes time! Below we have broken the restoration (修复) process into 6 major steps.
Step 1 The Test Clean
We use “Ultraviolet Light (紫外光)” to check which generally shows up any previous restoration. Once satisfied,we then “Spot Clean” in several places using a cotton stick to carefully remove the varnish (亮光漆) and determine what lies beneath! 1
Step 2 Client Communication
We always contact the client at this stage! 2 After detailed discussions it was decided to reveal and restore the original painting.
Step 3 Total Clean
3 It involves extreme care in removing the many years of old varnish and any previous restoration or repainting work done by other restorers to reveal the original painting.
Step 4 Stretchers and Relining
It’s at this stage where the canvas (画布) is relined. 4 We always try to keep the painting as original as possible.
Step 5 Retouching
Retouching is extremely time-consuming and must be undertaken with great care! Although we are literally “drawing” paint to infill the damaged areas,the style and brushwork of the original artist must be respected and copied to maintain the authenticity (真实性) of the work.
Step 6 Varnishing and Finishing
5 We offer a choice from Matt,Semi Matt through to full Gloss to meet the clients’ taste. They are applied by hand or spray to suit the work and style of the painting.
A.We discuss the way forward.
B.This stage frightens many people.
C.Total clean is a slow and painful job.
D.We use a range of top quality varnishes to protect the work.
E.The effect must match the original painting as closely as possible.
F.And only in the most extreme circumstances would we fit a new or recycled stretcher.
G.This is the first time we can truly know what work is required to complete the restoration.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了修复绘画的步骤。
1.G [根据小标题和上文内容可推知,进行“检查清洁”是修复绘画的第一步,通过检查来发现需要对什么地方进行修复,并先对其进行清洁,即G选项“This is the first time we can truly know what work is required to complete the restoration.”符合题意,故选G项。]
2.A [上文“We always contact the client at this stage!”提出联系客户,A项“We discuss the way forward.”承接上文,说明联系客户的目的,上下文语意连贯。故选A项。]
3.C [C项“Total clean is a slow and painful job.”对应该部分的小标题,对其做进一步的说明,上下文语意连贯。故选C项。]
4.F [下文“We always try to keep the painting as original as possible.”是对F项“And only in the most extreme circumstances would we fit a new or recycled stretcher.”的解释说明,即只有在极端情况下才会更换画框,因为原则是保持画原来的样子。F项中“stretcher”与小标题相照应。故选F项。]
5.D [下文“We offer a choice...style of the painting.”讲述了修复用漆的选择,是对D项“We use a range of top quality varnishes to protect the work.”内容的说明,上下文语意连贯。故选D项。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 A篇:woodcut n.木刻 sculpture n.雕塑 B篇:represent v.代表
C篇:variation n.变化,变动;变奏曲 七选五:maintain v.维持;保持
主题词块 A篇:a good assessment of human nature对人性的良好评价
C篇:in comparison with与……比较,同……比较起来 in terms of就……而言;从……角度来看
熟词生义 A篇:chair熟义:n.椅子;主席;委员长 生义:v.担任;主持;管理
He was about to chair a meeting in Venice of E.U. foreign ministers. 他将担任威尼斯欧盟外交部部长会议的主席。
难句剖析 C篇:Different ways of creating lines are used when painting a landscape,flowers and birds,clouds,and bamboos.
[译文] 在画风景、花鸟、云、竹时,用不同的方法来画线。
[分析] 本句是复合句,主句是Different ways are used。when painting a landscape,flowers and birds,clouds,and bamboos是状语从句的省略,相当于when they were painting a landscape,flowers and birds,clouds,and bamboos。
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