Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
一、动词-ing形式作表语
[先感知]
①The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.(人教选一U4)
②A good way of saying“I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.(人教选一U4)
③One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys.(外研选一U4)
④We are using resources as if we had two planets,not one. There can be no “Plan B” because there is no “Planet B”.(北师必三U8)
[会发现] 句①②③中,动词-ing形式作表语,说明主语的内容。句④中,动词-ing形式是进行时态。
[明规则]
1.动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于形容词,用于说明主语的特征或性质,意为“令人……的”,常修饰物。常见的有:moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing、disappointing等。
The development of our aviation industry is quite encouraging.
我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。
From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing.
从观赏野生动物到观看日出,整个经历都令人惊叹。
2.动词-ing形式作表语有时用于说明主语的内容,这时动词-ing形式可以带有逻辑主语或宾语,并且主语和表语两者可互换。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
=Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the students.
=Getting to know the needs of the students is the real question.
真正的问题是了解学生的需求。
3.动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别
His job is cleaning the classroom.(动词-ing形式作表语)
他的工作是打扫教室。
He is cleaning the classroom now.(谓语,现在进行时)
他现在正在打扫教室。
小题集训1 完成句子
①It is always interesting to hear other people’s points of view.
听到其他人的观点总是有趣的。
②It is worrying for you not to know where he is.
对你来说,不知道他在哪里是令人担心的。
③It’s amazing that no one else has applied for the job.
没有其他人申请这份工作是令人吃惊的。
④The job is appealing to the new graduates.
这项工作对于应届大学毕业生来说是有吸引力的。
二、动词-ed形式作表语
[先感知]
①The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.(人教选二U4)
②I thought China would be very crowded,given its large population.(人教选二U4)
③I work at night because I’m fascinated by the stars,and I have been since I was a little boy.(北师选三U7)
④He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”.(外研选一U4)
[会发现] 句①③④中,动词-ed形式作表语,表示主语所处的状态。句②中,动词-ed形式作表语,表示主语所具备的特征。
[明规则]
1.动词-ed形式作表语,多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征,常用的系动词有be、remain、feel、seem、look、become等。
He looked worried after reading the letter.
看完信后,他看起来很忧虑。
Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired
也许她在窗边挣扎太久了,太累了
2.动词-ed形式作表语与被动语态的区别
动词-ed形式作表语时,强调主语所处的状态或所具备的特征,而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。
All the doors are locked.
所有的门都是锁着的。(-ed形式作表语,表示状态)
All the doors were locked by the guard.
所有的门都被卫兵锁上了。(被动语态,表示动作)
小题集训2 完成句子
①We were so bored with the lecture that we wanted to leave.
我们对这个演讲很厌烦,所以我们想离开。
②Because he was lost in the strange city,he felt frightened.
因为他在陌生的城市里迷路了,所以他感到害怕。
③He was disappointed to find they’d already gone.
发现他们已经离开,他很失望。
④I am determined to finish the task by myself and I am prepared to face various difficulties.
我下定决心独立完成这项任务,并且准备好面对各种各样的困难。
三、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式作表语的区别
[先感知]
①So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.(人教选一U4)
②Van Gogh became depressed after he moved to London.(译林选一U3)
③It’ll be too tiring to walk or dance for a long time in those shoes.(人教必三U1)
④It was amazing to be standing in front of her at last!(外研选一U4)
[会发现] 句①②中,动词-ed形式作表语,表示人自身的感受,常译作“感到……的”。句③④中,动词-ing形式作表语,表示事物自身具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”。
[明规则]
动词-ing形式 表示事物自身具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”
动词-ed形式 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“感到……的”
这类词常见的有:
interesting 令人感兴趣的—interested感到有趣的
exciting令人激动的—excited感到激动的
encouraging令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的
confusing令人费解的—confused感到费解的
pleasing令人愉快的—pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人迷惑的—puzzled感到迷惑的
satisfying令人满意的—satisfied感到满意的
moving令人感动的—moved感到感动的
His music is so moving that I am often moved to tears.
他的音乐如此感人,以至于我经常感动地流泪。
It’s exciting to know that so many people are pleased with our plan.
知道这么多人满意我们的计划是令人兴奋的。
[名师指津] 某些动词的过去分词可用来修饰名词look、expression、face等。如:a surprised look一个惊讶的表情;a tired face 一张疲倦的脸;a discouraged expression一个沮丧的表情。
小题集训3 单句语法填空
①I am interested in what you have told me because your story is very interesting.(interest)
②The work is so tiring that Mr Smith feels tired.(tire)
③I was amazed at the letter,which was amazing to my classmates.(amaze)
④Mary’s parents are worried that she is in a situation that is worrying.(worry)
1.shade n.阴影部分;色度;阴凉处;略微;少量 v.给……遮挡(光线),把……涂暗
教材原文 I wondered at the skill of the artists,their use of colour and how they played with light and shade. 我对这些艺术家们的技艺、他们对色彩的运用,以及他们处理明暗的方式感到惊奇。
感知 语言先输入
①He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
②Before Vinnie could say yes,the President hurried on,a shade of apology in his voice.(2020·天津7月卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)in/under the shade of 在……的阴凉处
put sb/sth in the shade 使某人/物相形见绌;使某人/物黯然失色
a shade of 一点(后面接名词)
(2)shade sb/sth from/against sth 给某人/物遮挡……
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The children played in/under the shade of a large beach umbrella.
②The narrow road is shaded (shade) by tall and thick trees.
③I had tried my best,but her work still put mine in the shade.
我已经尽力了,但她的工作还是使我的相形见绌。
④You can’t look directly into the strong light; you’ve got to shade your eyes from/against it.
你不能直视强光;你得把眼睛遮住。
2.bathe vt.以(光线)洒满,覆盖,使沐浴(在光线里);用水清洗vi.游泳 ·bath n.沐浴,洗澡;浴盆
教材原文 I enjoyed the whole experience—to be able to bathe my senses in this palace of human creativity. 我很享受整个体验——能够让我的感官沐浴在这个人类创造力的宫殿里。
感知 语言先输入
①The bay was bathed in the sunshine,and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.
②On hot days we often bathe/go bathing in the river.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be bathed in the light/sunshine 沐浴在光/阳光中
be bathed in sweat 汗流浃背
(2)take/have a bath 洗澡
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Last night,a full moon bathed (bathe) the countryside in a silver light.
②Do you want a room with a bath (bathe) or one without
③Tian’anmen Square is bathed in morning sunshine.
④The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden sunshine.(景物描写)
太阳开始在天空中升起,这使大山沐浴在了金色的阳光之中。
[基础语境练]
维度一 类比填空(每小题1分,共5分)
1.This news was exciting so all of us were excited at it.(excite)
2.The result was surprising so we were surprised at it.(surprise)
3.Her question was so embarrassing that I was too embarrassed to answer it.(embarrass)
4.I was puzzled as to why she said that but when I asked her about it,her reaction was more puzzling.(puzzle)
5.It is encouraging news that our team has won the match.Now I am really encouraged.(encourage)
维度二 单句语法填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The portraits and landscape paintings displayed at the gallery possess striking (strike) features.
2.As I wandered around the gallery,I wondered why this portrait was so vivid and amusing (amuse).
3.Many tourists have been attracted (attract)to this neighbourhood in the past decades.
4.Their paintings focused on real life,as opposed (oppose) to the history paintings dominating European art.
5.The artist employed new brushwork to produce art works which were realistic,vivid and moving (move).
6.Visitors were surprised (surprise)to find many outstanding paintings on display in the exhibition hall.
7.Tourists are not satisfied (satisfy) because these scenic spots are not worthy of being visited.
8.The exhibition contains nothing interesting (interest) that is worthy of note.
9.If you get lost(lose) in a strange place,you’d better not move and wait for help there.
10.It was astonishing(astonish) to everyone that the court had made such a decision.
维度三 语法与写作(每小题2分,共10分)
1.当他听到结果时,他似乎很失望。
He seemed disappointed when he heard the result.
2.这位老人的工作是粉刷墙。
The old man’s job is painting the walls.
3.他的表演非常感人,所以观众们不停地鼓掌。
His performance was very moving so the audience kept clapping.
4.这封电子邮件如此烦人以至于毁了我的一整天。
The email was so annoying that it ruined my whole day.
5.他们好像不是非常担心这种局面。
They don’t seem particularly worried about the situation.
维度四 语法与语篇(每小题2分,共12分)
1.I am very pleased (我很高兴) to receive your letter.Now I know 2.you are worried about your Chinese (你担心你的汉语) so I give you some advice.
First,3.you should be interested in Chinese (你应该对汉语感兴趣),for interest is the best teacher.Second,it’s a good idea that 4.you are devoted to reading more Chinese books (你致力于读更多的汉语书) with interesting stories.Lastly,listen to Chinese songs that 5.are interesting and fascinating (有趣的且吸引人的) and watch Chinese programs on TV as often as possible.Only when 6.you are determined (你下决心) to learn Chinese well and don’t give up can you make progress.
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
Picasso’s reputation as a major 20th-century sculptor came only after his death,because he had kept much of his sculpture in his own collection.Beginning in 1928,Picasso began to work in iron and sheet metal in Julio González’s studio in Paris.Then,in 1930,he acquired the Chateau Boisgeloup (northwest of Paris),where he had room for sculpture studios.There,with his mistress Marie-Thérèse Walter as his muse,Picasso began working in 1931 on large-scale plaster heads.In the 1930s he also made constructions incorporating found objects,and until the end of his life Picasso continued working in sculpture in a variety of materials.
Picasso’s ceramics (陶瓷制品) are usually set apart from his main body of work and are treated as less important,because at first glance they seem a somewhat frivolous exercise in the decoration of ordinary objects.Plates,jugs,and vases,made by craftsmen at the Madoura Pottery in Vallauris,were in Picasso’s hands reshaped or painted,gouged out,scratched,or marked by fingerprints and,for the most part,were rendered useless.In turning to craft,Picasso worked with a sense of liberation,experimenting with the play between decoration and form (between two and three dimensions) and between personal and universal meaning.
During that period Picasso’s fame increasingly attracted numerous visitors,including artists and writers,some of whom (Hélène Parmelin, douard Pignon, luard,and especially Louis Aragon) encouraged Picasso’s further political involvement.He contributed designs willingly (his dove was used for the World Peace Congress poster in Warsaw,Poland,in 1950),which was from sincere and lifelong sympathy with any group of repressed people.War and Peace,two panels begun in 1952 to adorn the Temple of Peace attached to an old chapel in Vallauris,reflect Picasso’s personal optimism of those years.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了毕加索的雕塑和陶瓷制品的特点。
1.Which of the following statements is NOT true
A.Picasso only became a famous sculptor after his death.
B.Picasso had a lot of his own collections.
C.In 1930 Picasso began to make incorporating objects.
D.Picasso started working in 1931 on large-scale plaster heads.
答案 C [正误判断题。根据文章第一段“In the 1930s he also made constructions incorporating found objects,and until the end of his life Picasso continued working in sculpture in a variety of materials.”可知,他是在20世纪30年代开始进行融合雕塑,而不是在1930年。故选C。]
2.What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “frivolous”
A.Not having any serious purpose or value.
B.Able to be used for a practical purpose.
C.Funny and ridiculous.
D.Expensive and elegant.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“Picasso’s ceramics are usually set apart from his main body of work and are treated as less important”可知,毕加索的陶瓷作品通常与他的主要作品分开,显得不那么重要。说明这些陶瓷作品没有任何重要的目的或者价值。所以frivolous为“无足轻重的”之意。故选A。]
3.What may be the possible reason for Picasso’s artworks’ success
A.Picasso kept a lot of his artworks after his own death.
B.Picasso had the ability to attract many visitors and writers.
C.Picasso’s artworks carried his sense of liberation and were designed specially.
D.Picasso’s artworks are worth a lot of money.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知,毕加索的作品之所以成功,可能是因为毕加索的作品承载了他的解放意识和独特的设计。故选C。]
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.Picasso’s Outstanding Sculpture
B.Why We All Love Picasso’s Art
C.Picasso’s Works of Sculpture and Ceramics
D.Picasso’s In-depth Influence on Art and Politics
答案 C [标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了毕加索的雕塑和陶瓷制品的特点。因此C项“Picasso’s Works of Sculpture and Ceramics”是本文的最佳标题。故选C。]
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
It is hard to give a precise definition of Western art.Perhaps the best way 1. (understand) Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.During the Middle Ages,the purpose 2. Western art was to teach people about Christianity.Thus,artists were not interested in painting realistic 3. (scene).This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone,4. paintings showed real people in a real environment.Next came the Renaissance,when old ideas and values 5. (replace) gradually by new ones from the Middle Ages.Painters adopted a more humanistic attitude to life,6. (use) perspective and oil paints.The emphasis 7. (increasing) shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us.After the invention of photography,paintings were no longer needed to preserve 8. people and the world looked like.As a result,Impressionism emerged in France.The name of this new movement came from 9. painting by Claude Monet called Impression,Sunrise.In this work,Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.After impressionism,Picasso,one of the painters of Modern Art,used Cubism,a new way,to analyse the shapes which 10. (exist) in the natural world.What modern artists attempted to do was no longer show reality,but instead to ask the question,“What is art ”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西方艺术绘画几个世纪以来的发展。
1.to understand [考查非谓语动词。句意:也许了解西方艺术的最好方法是看看西方绘画几个世纪以来的发展。此处修饰名词way应用不定式作后置定语,短语the best way to do sth“做某事最好的方式”。故填to understand。]
2.of [考查介词。句意:在中世纪,西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。表示“……的目的”短语为the purpose of。故填of。]
3.scenes [考查名词的数。句意:因此,艺术家们对绘制现实场景不感兴趣。空处需填名词作宾语,scene是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需填名词复数形式。故填scenes。]
4.whose [考查定语从句。句意:这种情况在13世纪的乔托·迪·邦多纳开始改变,他的画作展示了真实环境中的真实人物。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Giotto di Bondone在从句中作定语,需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。]
5.were replaced [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:接下来是文艺复兴时期,这个时候旧的思想和价值观逐渐被中世纪的新思想和价值观所取代。when引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词,根据“came”可知,此处为一般过去时,主语old ideas and values和replace为被动关系,需用被动语态,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were replaced。]
6.using [考查非谓语动词。句意:画家们对生活采取了更加人性化的态度,运用透视法和油画颜料。分析句子结构可知,use在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语Painters构成主谓关系,故应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填using。]
7.increasingly [考查词性转换。句意:重点越来越多地从宗教主题转移到人们和我们周围的世界上。修饰动词shifted应用副词increasingly,作状语。故填increasingly。]
8.what [考查宾语从句。句意:在摄影术发明之后,人们不再需要绘画来保存人和世界的样子。空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。]
9.the [考查冠词。句意:这个新运动的名字来自克劳德·莫奈的画作《日出·印象》。名词painting此处特指克劳德·莫奈的《日出·印象》这幅画,应用定冠词。故填the。]
10.existed [考查时态。句意:继印象派之后,现代艺术画家之一的毕加索采用了立体主义这一新的方法来分析自然界中存在的形状。which引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词,此处陈述过去的事实,使用一般过去时。故填existed。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 阅读理解:sculptor n.雕刻家,雕塑家 incorporating adj.合并的 render v.使成为;使变得 involvement n.参与 语法填空:perspective n.透视法;态度;观点;思考方法
主题词块 阅读理解:for the most part在极大程度上,多半 语法填空:give a precise definition给出一个精确的定义 humanistic attitude人文主义的态度
熟词生义 阅读理解:treat熟义:v.对待;医治;请客,招待 生义:v.把……看作,把……视为 Picasso’s ceramics are usually set apart from his main body of work and are treated as less important... 毕加索的陶瓷作品通常与他的主要作品分开,被认为不那么重要…… I decided to treat his remark as a joke. 我决定把他的话当作戏言。
难句剖析 阅读理解:Then,in 1930,he acquired the Chateau Boisgeloup (northwest of Paris),where he had room for sculpture studios. [译文] 然后,在1930年,他收购了Chateau Boisgeloup(巴黎西北部),在那里他有了雕塑工作室的空间。 [分析] 本句是复合句,主句是he acquired the Chateau Boisgeloup,where引导非限制性定语从句,在定语从句中作地点状语。(共61张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
语法知识过关
内
容
索
引
课时测评作业
语言知识精析
语 法 知 识 过 关
一、动词－ing形式作表语
[先感知]
①The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.(人教选一U4)
②A good way of saying“I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.(人教选一U4)
③One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys.(外研选一U4)
④We are using resources as if we had two planets,not one. There can be no “Plan B” because there is no “Planet B”.(北师必三U8)
[会发现] 句①②③中,动词－ing形式作 ,说明主语的内容。句④中,动词－ing形式是 。
表语
进行时态
[明规则]
1.动词－ing形式作表语有时相当于形容词,用于说明主语的特征或性质,意为“令人……的”,常修饰物。常见的有:moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing、disappointing等。
The development of our aviation industry is quite encouraging.
我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。
From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing. 从观赏野生动物到观看日出,整个经历都令人惊叹。
2.动词－ing形式作表语有时用于说明主语的内容,这时动词－ing形式可以带有逻辑主语或宾语,并且主语和表语两者可互换。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the students.
＝Getting to know the needs of the students is the real question.
真正的问题是了解学生的需求。
3.动词－ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别
His job is cleaning the classroom.(动词－ing形式作表语)
他的工作是打扫教室。
He is cleaning the classroom now.(谓语,现在进行时)
他现在正在打扫教室。
小题集训1 完成句子
① to hear other people’s points of view.
听到其他人的观点总是有趣的。
② for you not to know where he is.
对你来说,不知道他在哪里是令人担心的。
It is always interesting
It is worrying
③ that no one else has applied for the job.
没有其他人申请这份工作是令人吃惊的。
④ to the new graduates.
这项工作对于应届大学毕业生来说是有吸引力的。
It’s amazing
The job is appealing
二、动词－ed形式作表语
[先感知]
①The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.(人教选二U4)
②I thought China would be very crowded,given its large population.(人教选二U4)
③I work at night because I’m fascinated by the stars,and I have been since I was a little boy.(北师选三U7)
④He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”.(外研选一U4)
[会发现] 句①③④中,动词－ed形式作 ,表示主语所处的 。句②中,动词－ed形式作 ,表示主语所具备的 。
表语
状态
表语
特征
[明规则]
1.动词－ed形式作表语,多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征,常用的系动词有be、remain、feel、seem、look、become等。
He looked worried after reading the letter.
看完信后,他看起来很忧虑。
Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired.
也许她在窗边挣扎太久了,太累了。
2.动词－ed形式作表语与被动语态的区别
动词－ed形式作表语时,强调主语所处的状态或所具备的特征,而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。
All the doors are locked.
所有的门都是锁着的。(－ed形式作表语,表示状态)
All the doors were locked by the guard.
所有的门都被卫兵锁上了。(被动语态,表示动作)
小题集训2 完成句子
① with the lecture that we wanted to leave.
我们对这个演讲很厌烦,所以我们想离开。
②Because in the strange city, he .
因为他在陌生的城市里迷路了,所以他感到害怕。
We were so bored
he was lost
felt frightened
③ to find they’d already gone.
发现他们已经离开,他很失望。
④ to finish the task by myself and ______________ to face various difficulties.
我下定决心独立完成这项任务,并且准备好面对各种各样的困难。
He was disappointed
I am determined
I am prepared
三、动词－ing形式与动词－ed形式作表语的区别
[先感知]
①So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.
(人教选一U4)
②Van Gogh became depressed after he moved to London.
(译林选一U3)
③It’ll be too tiring to walk or dance for a long time in those shoes.(人教必三U1)
④It was amazing to be standing in front of her at last!(外研选一U4)
[会发现] 句①②中,动词－ed形式作 ,表示人自身的 ,常译作“感到……的”。句③④中,动词－ing形式作 ,表示事物自身具有的 ,常译作“令人……的”。
表语
感受
表语
特性
[明规则]
动词－ing形式 表示事物自身具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”
动词－ed形式 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“感到……的”
这类词常见的有:
interesting 令人感兴趣的—interested感到有趣的
exciting令人激动的—excited感到激动的
encouraging令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的
confusing令人费解的—confused感到费解的
pleasing令人愉快的—pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人迷惑的—puzzled感到迷惑的
satisfying令人满意的—satisfied感到满意的
moving令人感动的—moved感到感动的
His music is so moving that I am often moved to tears.
他的音乐如此感人,以至于我经常感动地流泪。
It’s exciting to know that so many people are pleased with our plan.
知道这么多人满意我们的计划是令人兴奋的。
[名师指津] 某些动词的过去分词可用来修饰名词look、expression、face等。如:a surprised look一个惊讶的表情;a tired face 一张疲倦的脸;a discouraged expression一个沮丧的表情。
小题集训3 单句语法填空
①I am in what you have told me because your story is very . (interest)
②The work is so that Mr Smith feels .(tire)
③I was at the letter, which was to my classmates. (amaze)
④Mary’s parents are that she is in a situation that is . (worry)
interested
interesting
tiring
tired
amazed
amazing
worried
worrying
语 言 知 识 精 析
1.shade n.阴影部分;色度;阴凉处;略微;少量 v.给……遮挡(光线),把……涂暗
教材原文 I wondered at the skill of the artists,their use of colour and how they played with light and shade.
我对这些艺术家们的技艺、他们对色彩的运用,以及他们处理明暗的方式感到惊奇。
感知 语言先输入
①He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
②Before Vinnie could say yes,the President hurried on,a shade of apology in his voice.(2020·天津7月卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)in/under the shade of 在……的阴凉处
put sb/sth in the shade 使某人/物相形见绌;使某人/物黯然失色
a shade of 一点(后面接名词)
(2)shade sb/sth from/against sth 给某人/物遮挡……
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The children played the shade of a large beach umbrella.
②The narrow road (shade) by tall and thick trees.
③I had tried my best,but her work still .
我已经尽力了,但她的工作还是使我的相形见绌。
in/under
is shaded
put mine in the shade
④You can’t look directly into the strong light; you’ve got to .
你不能直视强光;你得把眼睛遮住。
shade your eyes from/against it
2.bathe vt.以(光线)洒满,覆盖,使沐浴(在光线里);用水清洗vi.游泳
·bath n.沐浴,洗澡;浴盆
教材原文 I enjoyed the whole experience—to be able to bathe my senses in this palace of human creativity. 我很享受整个体验——能够让我的感官沐浴在这个人类创造力的宫殿里。
感知 语言先输入
①The bay was bathed in the sunshine,and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.
②On hot days we often bathe/go bathing in the river.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be bathed in the light/sunshine 沐浴在光/阳光中
be bathed in sweat 汗流浃背
(2)take/have a bath 洗澡
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Last night,a full moon (bathe) the countryside in a silver light.
②Do you want a room with a (bathe) or one without
③Tian’anmen Square is bathed morning sunshine.
④The sun began to rise in the sky,
.(景物描写)
太阳开始在天空中升起,这使大山沐浴在了金色的阳光之中。
bathed
bath
in
bathing the mountain
in golden sunshine
课 时 测 评 作 业
基础语境练
素能提升练
[基础语境练]
维度一 类比填空(每小题1分,共5分)
1.This news was so all of us were at it.(excite)
2.The result was so we were at it.(surprise)
3.Her question was so that I was too to answer it.(embarrass)
4.I was as to why she said that but when I asked her about it,her reaction was more .(puzzle)
exciting
excited
surprising
surprised
embarrassing
embarrassed
puzzled
puzzling
5.It is news that our team has won the match.Now I am really .(encourage)
encouraging
encouraged
维度二 单句语法填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The portraits and landscape paintings displayed at the gallery possess (strike) features.
2.As I wandered around the gallery,I wondered why this portrait was so vivid and (amuse).
3.Many tourists have been (attract) to this neighbourhood in the past decades.
striking
amusing
attracted
4.Their paintings focused on real life,as (oppose) to the history paintings dominating European art.
5.The artist employed new brushwork to produce art works which were realistic,vivid and _________________(move).
6.Visitors were (surprise)to find many outstanding paintings on display in the exhibition hall.
7.Tourists are not (satisfy) because these scenic spots are not worthy of being visited.
opposed
moving
surprised
satisfied
8.The exhibition contains nothing (interest) that is worthy of note.
9.If you get (lose) in a strange place,you’d better not move and wait for help there.
10.It was (astonish) to everyone that the court had made such a decision.
interesting
lost
astonishing
维度三 语法与写作(每小题2分,共10分)
1.当他听到结果时,他似乎很失望。
2.这位老人的工作是粉刷墙。
3.他的表演非常感人,所以观众们不停地鼓掌。
He seemed disappointed when he heard the result.
The old man’s job is painting the walls.
His performance was very moving so the audience kept clapping.
4.这封电子邮件如此烦人以至于毁了我的一整天。
5.他们好像不是非常担心这种局面。
The email was so annoying that it ruined my whole day.
They don’t seem particularly worried about the situation.
维度四 语法与语篇(每小题2分,共12分)
1. (我很高兴) to receive your letter.Now I know 2. (你担心你的汉语) so I give you some advice.
First,3. (你应该对汉语感兴趣),for interest is the best teacher.Second,it’s a good idea that 4. (你致力于读更多的汉语书) with interesting stories.Lastly,listen to Chinese songs
I am very pleased
you are worried about your Chinese
you should be interested in Chinese
you are devoted to reading more Chinese books
that 5. (有趣的且吸引人的) and watch Chinese programs on TV as often as possible.Only when 6._____________________________ (你下决心) to learn Chinese well and don’t give up can you make progress.
are interesting and fascinating
you are determined
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
Picasso’s reputation as a major 20th-century sculptor came only after his death,because he had kept much of his sculpture in his own collection.Beginning in 1928,Picasso began to work in iron and sheet metal in Julio González’s studio in Paris.Then,in 1930,he acquired the Chateau Boisgeloup (northwest of Paris),where he had room for sculpture studios.There,with his mistress Marie-Thérèse Walter as his muse,Picasso began working in 1931 on large-scale plaster heads.In the 1930s he also made constructions incorporating found objects,and until the end of his life Picasso continued working in sculpture in a variety of materials.
Picasso’s ceramics (陶瓷制品) are usually set apart from his main body of work and are treated as less important,because at first glance they seem a somewhat frivolous exercise in the decoration of ordinary objects.Plates,jugs,and vases,made by craftsmen at the Madoura Pottery in Vallauris,were in Picasso’s hands reshaped or painted,gouged out,scratched,or marked by fingerprints and,for the most part,were rendered useless.In turning to craft,Picasso worked with a sense of liberation,experimenting with the play between decoration and form (between two and three dimensions) and between personal and universal meaning.
During that period Picasso’s fame increasingly attracted numerous visitors,including artists and writers,some of whom (Hélène Parmelin, douard Pignon, luard,and especially Louis Aragon) encouraged Picasso’s further political involvement.He contributed designs willingly (his dove was used for the World Peace Congress poster in Warsaw,Poland,in 1950),which was from sincere and lifelong sympathy with any group of repressed people.War and Peace,two panels begun in 1952 to adorn the Temple of Peace attached to an old chapel in Vallauris,reflect Picasso’s personal optimism of those years.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了毕加索的雕塑和陶瓷制品的特点。
1.Which of the following statements is NOT true
A.Picasso only became a famous sculptor after his death.
B.Picasso had a lot of his own collections.
C.In 1930 Picasso began to make incorporating objects.
D.Picasso started working in 1931 on large-scale plaster heads.
解析 正误判断题。根据文章第一段“In the 1930s he also made constructions incorporating found objects,and until the end of his life Picasso continued working in sculpture in a variety of materials.”可知,他是在20世纪30年代开始进行融合雕塑,而不是在1930年。故选C。
√
2.What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “frivolous”
A.Not having any serious purpose or value.
B.Able to be used for a practical purpose.
C.Funny and ridiculous.
D.Expensive and elegant.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“Picasso’s ceramics are usually set apart from his main body of work and are treated as less important”可知,毕加索的陶瓷作品通常与他的主要作品分开,显得不那么重要。说明这些陶瓷作品没有任何重要的目的或者价值。所以frivolous为“无足轻重的”之意。故选A。
√
3.What may be the possible reason for Picasso’s artworks’ success
A.Picasso kept a lot of his artworks after his own death.
B.Picasso had the ability to attract many visitors and writers.
C.Picasso’s artworks carried his sense of liberation and were designed specially.
D.Picasso’s artworks are worth a lot of money.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知,毕加索的作品之所以成功,可能是因为毕加索的作品承载了他的解放意识和独特的设计。故选C。
√
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.Picasso’s Outstanding Sculpture
B.Why We All Love Picasso’s Art
C.Picasso’s Works of Sculpture and Ceramics
D.Picasso’s In-depth Influence on Art and Politics
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了毕加索的雕塑和陶瓷制品的特点。因此C项“Picasso’s Works of Sculpture and Ceramics”是本文的最佳标题。故选C。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
It is hard to give a precise definition of Western art.Perhaps the best way 1. (understand) Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.During the Middle Ages,the purpose 2. Western art was to teach people about Christianity.Thus,artists were not interested in painting realistic 3. (scene).This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone,4. paintings showed
real people in a real environment.Next came the Renaissance,when old ideas and values 5. (replace) gradually by new ones from the Middle Ages.Painters adopted a more humanistic attitude to life,6. (use) perspective and oil paints.The emphasis 7._________ (increasing) shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us.After the invention of photography,paintings were no longer needed to preserve 8. people and the world looked like.As a result,Impressionism emerged in France.The
name of this new movement came from 9. painting by Claude Monet called Impression,Sunrise.In this work,Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.After impressionism, Picasso,one of the painters of Modern Art,used Cubism,a new way,to analyse the shapes which 10. (exist) in the natural world.What modern artists attempted to do was no longer show reality,but instead to ask the question,“What is art ”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西方艺术绘画几个世纪以来的发展。
1.to understand [考查非谓语动词。句意:也许了解西方艺术的最好方法是看看西方绘画几个世纪以来的发展。此处修饰名词way应用不定式作后置定语,短语the best way to do sth“做某事最好的方式”。故填to understand。]
2.of [考查介词。句意:在中世纪,西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。表示“……的目的”短语为the purpose of。故填of。]
3.scenes [考查名词的数。句意:因此,艺术家们对绘制现实场景不感兴趣。空处需填名词作宾语,scene是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需填名词复数形式。故填scenes。]
4.whose [考查定语从句。句意:这种情况在13世纪的乔托·迪·邦多纳开始改变,他的画作展示了真实环境中的真实人物。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Giotto di Bondone在从句中作定语,需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。]
5.were replaced [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:接下来是文艺复兴时期,这个时候旧的思想和价值观逐渐被中世纪的新思想和价值观所取代。when引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词,根据“came”可知,此处为一般过去时,主语old ideas and values和replace为被动关系,需用被动语态,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were replaced。]
6.using [考查非谓语动词。句意:画家们对生活采取了更加人性化的态度,运用透视法和油画颜料。分析句子结构可知,use在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语Painters构成主谓关系,故应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填using。]
7.increasingly [考查词性转换。句意:重点越来越多地从宗教主题转移到人们和我们周围的世界上。修饰动词shifted应用副词increasingly,作状语。故填increasingly。]
8.what [考查宾语从句。句意:在摄影术发明之后,人们不再需要绘画来保存人和世界的样子。空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。]
9.the [考查冠词。句意:这个新运动的名字来自克劳德·莫奈的画作《日出·印象》。名词painting此处特指克劳德·莫奈的《日出·印象》这幅画,应用定冠词。故填the。]
10.existed [考查时态。句意:继印象派之后,现代艺术画家之一的毕加索采用了立体主义这一新的方法来分析自然界中存在的形状。which引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词,此处陈述过去的事实,使用一般过去时。故填existed。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 阅读理解:sculptor n.雕刻家,雕塑家 incorporating adj.合并的 render v.使成为;使变得 involvement n.参与
语法填空:perspective n.透视法;态度;观点;思考方法
主题词块 阅读理解:for the most part在极大程度上,多半
语法填空:give a precise definition给出一个精确的定义 humanistic attitude人文主义的态度
熟词生义 阅读理解:treat熟义:v.对待;医治;请客,招待
生义:v.把……看作,把……视为
Picasso’s ceramics are usually set apart from his main body of work and are treated as less important... 毕加索的陶瓷作品通常与他的主要作品分开,被认为不那么重要……
I decided to treat his remark as a joke. 我决定把他的话当作戏言。
难句剖析 阅读理解:Then,in 1930,he acquired the Chateau Boisgeloup (northwest of Paris),where he had room for sculpture studios.
[译文] 然后,在1930年,他收购了Chateau Boisgeloup(巴黎西北部),在那里他有了雕塑工作室的空间。
[分析] 本句是复合句,主句是he acquired the Chateau Boisgeloup,where引导非限制性定语从句,在定语从句中作地点状语。
Thanks！
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