Period 3 Grammar and usage—Modal verbs
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的练习
1．Tom could have got to school on time yesterday morning，but he was held up on the way to school in a heavy traffic jam.
2．“Tom，you should have said sorry to me for coming late，” said Mr Smith.
3．“I must be so eager that I can’t go into the classroom.I can’t be too sorry for my coming late！” said Tom.
“Oh，no，I must have left my English textbook at home after I finished my homework last night，” said Tom.4.“Shall/May I share it with my deskmate？”
“OK！5.You may/might as well bring your own textbook next time，but for this time you can share it with your deskmate，” said Mr Smith.“Now，class,6.would you please turn to page 11？7.Shall we begin our lesson？”
[自主发现]
情态动词可以表示能力、许可、必要性、可能性、责任和义务、建议、要求和打算等。例如：句1中的could 表示能力；句2中的should表示应该；句3中的must表示必须；句4、6和7中的shall/may、would和shall表示许可；句5中的may/might表示可能性。
情态动词
一、概述
情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常跟动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观设想。常见的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，ought to，shall，should，will和would。另外，dare，need，have to和used to也具有情态动词的某些特性。
二、情态动词的基本用法
1．can与could的用法
(1)表示能力，此时could 是can 的过去式，意思相当于be able to。
My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn’t last year.
我奶奶会网购了，但是去年她还不会。
[疑难点津]
在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通常表示经过一番努力能够并已经做……，could 仅表示能力。
I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.
当船下沉时，我已经游到岸边了。
I could lift the heavy box.
我能把那个沉重的盒子举起来。
(2)表示可能性，一般用于疑问句和否定句中，can’t/couldn’t 意为“不可能”。
Can this news be true？这则消息可能是真的吗？
Your description can’t/couldn’t be true.
你的描述不可能是真的。
(3)表示请求和许可，could表示更委婉的语气。
—Can/Could I go now
—Yes，you can.
——我现在可以走了吗？
——是的，可以。
(4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时会”。
As we all know，anyone can make mistakes.
我们都知道，任何人都可能会犯错。
[疑难点津] 习惯用法“cannot...too...”表示“无论怎么……都不过分”，有时cannot可用can never替代。
One cannot be too careful in choosing friends.择友越谨慎越好。
2．may与might的用法
(1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。
May/Might I play computer games after supper？晚饭后我可以玩电脑游戏吗？
(2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。
I think the author may come tomorrow.
我认为明天这位作家可能会来。
3．must与need的用法
(1)表示必要性。must意为“必须”，其否定式为mustn’t(不准，禁止)。need 意为“需要”，其否定式为needn’t(不必)。
You mustn’t do that，because you must keep your word.
你不准那么做，因为你必须得遵守诺言。
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to.
如果你不想做，你就不必做。
(2)must表示可能性，只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。
Your mother must be on duty now.你妈妈现在一定在值班。
(3)must带有感彩，意为“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。
Must you make so much noise when I have a rest
你非得在我休息时弄出这么大的声音吗？
4．will与would的用法
(1)表示意志、意愿和决心。will指现在，would指过去。
I will never do that again.我再也不那样做了。
They said that they would fight against the smog.他们说他们会与雾霾作斗争的。
(2)表示请求。would表示更委婉的语气。
Will/Would you please take a message for me
你能帮我捎个口信吗？
(3)表示规律性的“注定会”或习惯性的动作，意为“总是；习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。
Fish will die without water.没有水，鱼儿就会死。
We would sit around Grandpa after supper，listening to his stories.过去，晚饭后我们总会坐在爷爷周围，听他讲故事。
[疑难点津]
used to也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否定形式是didn’t use to或used not to。
He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening.
他过去常在晚间到森林附近散步。(现在已不在那里散步了)
5．shall的用法
(1)shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。
What shall I/we do next？我/我们下一步该做什么？
When shall my brother be able to leave hospital？我哥哥什么时候可以出院？
(2)shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。
You shall go with me.你跟我走。
You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你在生日时会得到一件新连衣裙。
He shall suffer for this.他会为此事吃苦头的。
(3)用于第三人称的陈述句中，表示正式文件、法律、规章制度等中的义务或规定。
Students shall not use calculators during exams.学生在考试中不得使用计算器。
No readers shall remove a book from the library without the permission of the librarian.
未经图书管理员的同意，读者不得把书带出图书馆。
6．should与ought to的用法
(1)should表示义务或建议，意为“应该”，其同义词是ought to。
You should/ought to go to class right away.
你应该立刻去上课。
(2)should与ought to也可以表示主观判断，意为“可能会，应该会”。
It’s nine o’clock now.My mother should come back.现在九点钟了，我妈妈应该回来了。
(3)should可以表示惊讶、难以置信或不应该发生某事，意为“竟然”。
It’s unbelievable that you should break the record.
你竟然打破了纪录，真令人难以置信。
7．dare与need的用法
dare和need既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。
(1)dare和need作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句中。
I dare not walk through the wood at night.
夜间我不敢在树林里走。
You needn’t worry about it.你不必担心它。
(2)dare作实义动词时，在否定句、疑问句中不定式符号to可以省略。need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。
The children don’t dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping.
孩子们在父母睡觉时不敢弄出一点声音。
The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。
三、情态动词后的动词的时态形式
情态动词后接的动词可以有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种形式。其一般式为“情态动词＋动词原形”，表示情态动词的基本含义。
1．后接动词的进行式，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。
He must be doing his homework now.
他现在肯定在做他的家庭作业。
2．后接动词的完成式，表示对过去情况的推测或与事实相反的虚拟。
You couldn’t have seen Mary yesterday because she was in Paris.
你昨天不可能见到玛丽，因为她在巴黎。
You failed again.You should have done it much better.你又失败了。你本该做得更好的。
3．后接动词的完成进行式，表示对持续动作的推测。
They are too tired now.They must have been working all day.
他们现在太累了。他们肯定一整天都在工作。
四、“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去的推测
1．must have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的肯定推测，把握性大，意为“一定做过某事”，只用于肯定句中。
Since she had not answered his letter，she must have left there.
既然她没有给他回信，她一定已经离开那里了。
2．may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，把握性小，意为“也许已经做过某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。
John isn’t at home.I think he may/might have gone to school.
约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。
3．can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”，可通用。can’t语气更加强烈一些。
She can’t/couldn’t have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能听见你敲门。
五、“情态动词＋have done”结构还可表示虚拟语气
1．could have done表示本来有能力做却没有做。
Mom complained that you could have done better in the examination.
妈妈抱怨说你本可以考得更好。
2．ought to/should have done表示过去本应该做某事但实际上没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了。
You ought not to have made fun of him，and you should have learned from him.
你本不应该取笑他的，你本应该向他学习。
3．needn’t have done表示本不必做却已经做了。
We needn’t have worried about the maths exam.It was a piece of cake actually.
我们本不必担心数学考试，实际上它很容易。
4．would have done表示本要做却没有做。
If the alarm clock had worked，I would have awakened on time，but I overslept.如果闹钟响了，我本来会按时醒来的，但我睡过头了。
Ⅰ.从括号中选出适当的情态动词填空
When my English teacher suggested that I read Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol，I thought，“I 1.can’t(can’t/shouldn’t) read this! It 2.must(has to/must) be very boring！” Surprisingly，it turned out the exact opposite.I 3.could(could/might) not stop turning the pages!
The book’s main character is Scrooge，a rich but mean old man.He hates all kinds of celebrations.On Christmas Eve，he is transported to different points in his life by three spirits.In the end，he reflects on these moments and realizes his mistakes.Then he decides that he 4.must(might/must) change himself.On Christmas morning，he sends a large turkey to a poor man for Christmas dinner.He also tries to make his family and friends happy by spending time with them.
There is something that 5.can(can/must) be learned from A Christmas Carol：we 6.should(should/may) treat others with kindness，generosity and love.I think everyone 7.ought to(would/ought to) read this book.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．I am feeling sick and I shouldn’t have eaten(本不应该吃) so much chocolate.
2．Two years later，he was able to speak Chinese well(能把汉语说得很好)．
3．We were badly in need of help then，but we dared not to turn to him for help(不敢向他求助)．
4．You can’t be too careful(再怎么小心都不为过) when crossing the street.
5．My father suggested that I (should) set a clear goal(我树立一个明确的目标) and struggle for it.
作业3 Grammar and usage
[分值：71.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分)
1．Why must you interrupt me while I am watching TV
2．—Is Jack still doing his homework
—Yes，I asked him to stop and have a rest，but he would not listen.
3．You should have given him some advice.He was too upset at that time.
4．One of our rules is that all students shall wear school uniforms while at school.
5．The weather in my hometown is fairly cold in winter，but it can be warm sometimes.
6．Now that my sister won’t be with us for dinner，we need not have bought so much food.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．你能帮我去机场接他并开车送他去酒店吗？
Can you help me pick him up at the airport and drive him to the hotel
2．我想，你作为一个外国人，肯定一直对唐诗很好奇。
I suppose you，as a foreigner，must have been curious about Tang poems.
3．如果没有妈妈的鼓励，在比赛中我不可能成为一个成功的讲解员。
Without Mom’s encouragement，I couldn’t have become a successful narrator in the competition.
4．看着爸爸做好的完美早餐，他们突然意识到本该先跟他请教怎么做早餐的！
Looking at the perfect breakfast cooked by their father，they suddenly realized that they should have asked him how to make breakfast first!
5．按照我们中国的传统习俗，你应该稍微早点到以便你能帮助主人准备饭菜，这不仅有意义而且有趣。
According to Chinese traditional customs，you should arrive a little earlier so that you can help the host prepare the dishes，which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·江苏南通高一上期末)
Masaki Takahashi started writing poetry when he was 15 years old.“I was writing these raps and then it gradually grew into spoken words when I got a little bit older，” he said.
Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人)．
“It is a pretty big deal，” Robin Theatre owner Dylan Rogers said.“The Poet Laureate doesn’t just represent Lansing；it represents the tri-county(三县) area.So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有机会获得) funds to do that work.”
The two-year title and $2,000 salary come from the Lansing Economic Area Partnership，and Lansing Poetry Club.“Takahashi’s got some great ideas about how to spend the next two years in this role，” Rogers added.
Takahashi，who has lived in Lansing for almost 20 years，said that a Poet Laureate is，“in a sense，an ambassador of poetry in the city.” “There are a lot of things that we can do.I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”
Now he is inspiring people like his friend Rose Jangmi Cooper，who he met on the MSU Slam Poetry Team.“I’m just as happy as I could ever have been to see him go from where he started in Lansing as，‘just another poet on the scene，’to being really，a community organizer，” Cooper said.“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”
Takahashi said the next The Poetry Room event is scheduled for May 13 at the Robin Theatre.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了Masaki Takahashi如何从一名年轻的诗人发展成为Lansing地区的桂冠诗人，以及他在推动诗歌艺术方面所做的贡献。
1．What is the current situation of Takahashi
A．He is running a theater.
B．He is taking up pop music.
C．He is recognized for his poems.
D．He is a popular writer in the US.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人)．”可知，Takahashi因为诗歌获得了认可。故选C。
2．What do the underlined words “do that work” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Reach a large audience.
B．Raise money for the needy.
C．Set up a club for college students.
D．Make trade deals in the Lansing area.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有机会获得) funds to do that work.”可知，他们还可以获得资金来面向广大观众开展工作。“do that work”指的是面向广大观众开展工作。故选A。
3．What does Takahashi like doing
A．Create poems with other Poet Laureates.
B．Share his knowledge of poetry with students.
C．Read poems on social media with his friend.
D．Hunt for talents in poetry for his poetry room.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”可知，Takahashi喜欢与学生分享他的诗歌知识。故选B。
4．What does Cooper think of Takahashi
A．He has great luck.
B．He keeps his word.
C．He brings joy to people.
D．He is worthy of the title.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第六段中的“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”可推知，Cooper对Takahashi的评价是他值得拥有这个称号。故选D。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·湖北武汉高一上期末)
If all the world’s a stage and all the men and women merely players，where does that leave non-human figures，like artificial intelligence chatbots As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry.AI chatbots can imitate famous poets like William Shakespeare well enough to fool many human readers，according to a new paper published Thursday in the journal Scientific Reports.In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.
In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韵律) to originality.The participants were given a mix of poems written by humans and by AI，and the scientists didn’t share anything about the poems’ authorship.The team uncovered a surprise：The participants who didn’t know anything about the poems’ origins gave higher ratings，on average，to those written by the chatbot.
Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry It’s not entirely clear，but part of guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.Understanding poems written by humans requires deep，critical thinking—and that’s a big part of poetry’s appeal.But modern readers don’t seem to want to do this labor，preferring texts that give them “instant answers”．
The study’s findings seem to confirm(证实) some fears about AI，which is that they’ll one day replace human artists and put them out of work.But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.“Poetry will always be necessary，” Lasky tells the Washington Post.“If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一篇发表于《科学报告》的新论文表明，在诗歌创作领域，人工智能 AI 可与人类抗衡。AI 聊天机器人能模仿如莎士比亚等著名诗人的诗作，足以迷惑众多读者，不少研究参与者甚至更青睐聊天机器人创作的诗歌。
5．What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A．AI is a player on the world stage.
B．AI performs well in poetry writing.
C．AI is so playful that it fools the readers.
D．AI works well together with all humans.
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。根据第一段中“As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry...In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.”可知，第一段主要讲的是AI在写诗方面表现很好。故选B项。
6．What were participants asked to do with the given poems in the experiment
A．Identify their authors.
B．Discuss their meanings.
C．Grade them from different aspects.
D．Compare them with their own poems.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韵律) to originality.”可知，在实验中，参与者被要求对给定的诗歌从不同方面打分。故选C项。
7．What is a feature of AI-generated poems according to paragraph 3
A．They promote critical thinking.
B．They widen readers’ views.
C．They require immediate feedback.
D．They are easy to understand.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry？...but part of the guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.”可知，人工智能生成的诗歌的特点之一是容易理解。故选D项。
8．What’s Lasky’s attitude towards AI-generated poems
A．Welcoming. B．Doubtful.
C．Passionate. D．Indifferent.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“But Dorothea Lasky，...，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems...‘If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.’”可推知，拉斯基对人工智能生成的诗歌持欢迎的态度。故选A项。
[词汇积累]
1．hold one’s own坚守住；不被打败
2．when it comes to当谈到；涉及
3．rate n．→v.划分等级；评价，评估
4．originality n．独创性；创造力
5．uncover v．揭露；发现
6．on average 平均
7．straightforward adj.简单的；易懂的
8．comprehend v．理解；懂
[句式分析]
But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.
分析：此句为复合句。主语为Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet为同位语，whose引导定语从句，谓语动词says后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句，该从句中it为形式主语，that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems是真正的主语。
翻译：但唯一一位作品被纳入实验的在世诗人多萝西娅·拉斯基表示，读者喜欢人工智能生成的诗歌并不一定是件坏事。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·湖南长沙高一下期中)
Writing poetry can seem frightening，especially if you don’t feel you’re naturally creative.But with the right inspiration and approach，you can also write a poem you can be proud to share with others.
◆Pick a specific theme or idea.The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about.You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. 1
◆Choose a poetic form.Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem.There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韵的对句)． 2 Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.
◆Use concrete imagery. 3 You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.Using concrete imagery will immerse(沉浸) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them.
◆ 4 Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry.Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers.Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you don’t use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.
◆Read the poem out loud.Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself. 5 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.
A．Use literary devices.
B．Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C．This can give your creation a clear goal.
D．If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E．You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F．Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G．You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写诗的几个方法。
1．答案 C
解析 上文“You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating.”提到以选定一个主题或者想法开始，C选项“这可以给你的诗歌创作一个明确的目标”说明了上文做法的好处，故选C。
2．答案 E
解析 上文“There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韵的对句)．”提到几种诗歌形式，根据后文“Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.”可知，空处是在对诗歌形式的选择进行建议，E选项“你可以选择一种你觉得容易使用的诗歌形式”承上启下，该项中“a poetic form”对应后文中“one poetic form”。故选E。
3．答案 F
解析 根据本段主题句“Use concrete imagery.”以及空后“You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.”可知，本段是建议使用具体的形象，F项“避免抽象的意象，在你的诗中使用具体的描述”符合语境，故选F。
4．答案 A
解析 根据本段内容“Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry...Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.”可知，本段建议使用文学手法，A项“使用文学手法”符合语境，故选A。
5．答案 B
解析 上文“Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself.”提到大声朗读给自己听，结合后文“Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.”可知，B选项“注意这些单词听起来是怎样的”符合语境，和下文并列，都是描述如何听，故选B。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·江苏常州高一上期末)
Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical.It 1. (practise) in China for thousands of years.Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture，it is also regarded 2._______a part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)．
It’s said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官)．A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance.A peaceful state of mind has to 3. (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health.
Qigong is 4. art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses，making life more pleasant.As is widely recognized，Qigong 5. (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions.Good for 6. (treat) mental disabilities and stress，the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 7. _______ pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased.In this state,8. (concentrate) can also be achieved easily.9. Qigong may not be magical in treating acute(急性的) illnesses or medical emergencies，it’s ideal for preventing some diseases and treating certain chronic(慢性的) conditions or disabilities.
Increasingly，Qigong is being recommended to more and more people now，including foreigners.It will 10. (certain) do more contributions to the world.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气功的历史以及对身心的好处。
1．答案 has been practised
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语It与谓语practise构成被动关系，根据后文for thousands of years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been practised。
2．答案 as
解析 考查介词。短语be regarded as表示“被视为”。故填as。
3．答案 be sought
解析 考查语态。主语A peaceful state of mind与seek之间是被动关系，且 has to 后接动词原形，故填be sought。
4．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。art 在这里表泛指，表示“一门艺术”，是可数名词，且读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
5．答案 smooths
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。根据and连接并列成分，由improves可知，此处也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填smooths。
6．答案 treating
解析 考查非谓语动词。for为介词，其后跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填treating。
7．答案 where
解析 考查定语从句。先行词是“a state of relaxation”，在定语从句中作抽象地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
8．答案 concentration
解析 考查名词。此处作主语，应用名词形式，concentrate的名词形式是concentration，意为“专注；专心”，故填concentration。
9．答案 While/Although/Though
解析 考查状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用while、though或although，句首首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。
10．答案 certainly
解析 考查副词。空处修饰动词do，需用副词形式，作状语，故填certainly。(共72张PPT)
Period 3
Grammar and usage—Modal verbs
Unit 4
Exploring literature
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
作业3
达标检测
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成下面的练习
1.Tom could have got to school on time yesterday morning，but he was held up on the way to school in a heavy traffic jam.
2.“Tom，you should have said sorry to me for coming late，” said Mr Smith.
3.“I must be so eager that I can’t go into the classroom.I can’t be too sorry for my coming late！” said Tom.
“Oh，no，I must have left my English textbook at home after I finished my homework last night，” said Tom.4.“Shall/May I share it with my deskmate？”
“OK！5.You may/might as well bring your own textbook next time，but for this time you can share it with your deskmate，” said Mr Smith.“Now，class,6.would you please turn to page 11？7.Shall we begin our lesson？”
返 回
[自主发现]
情态动词可以表示能力、许可、必要性、可能性、责任和义务、建议、要求和打算等。例如：句1中的could 表示 ；句2中的should表示_____；句3中的must表示 ；句4、6和7中的shall/may、would和shall表示 ；句5中的may/might表示 。
能力
应该
必须
许可
可能性
语法精讲
情态动词
一、概述
情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常跟动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观设想。常见的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，ought to，shall，should，will和would。另外，dare，need，have to和used to也具有情态动词的某些特性。
二、情态动词的基本用法
1.can与could的用法
(1)表示能力，此时could 是can 的过去式，意思相当于be able to。
My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn’t last year.
我奶奶会网购了，但是去年她还不会。
[疑难点津]
在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通常表示经过一番努力能够并已经做……，could 仅表示能力。
I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.
当船下沉时，我已经游到岸边了。
I could lift the heavy box.
我能把那个沉重的盒子举起来。
(2)表示可能性，一般用于疑问句和否定句中，can’t/couldn’t 意为“不可能”。
Can this news be true？这则消息可能是真的吗？
Your description can’t/couldn’t be true.
你的描述不可能是真的。
(3)表示请求和许可，could表示更委婉的语气。
—Can/Could I go now
—Yes，you can.
——我现在可以走了吗？
——是的，可以。
(4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时会”。
As we all know，anyone can make mistakes.
我们都知道，任何人都可能会犯错。
[疑难点津] 习惯用法“cannot...too...”表示“无论怎么……都不过分”，有时cannot可用can never替代。
One cannot be too careful in choosing friends.择友越谨慎越好。
2.may与might的用法
(1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。
May/Might I play computer games after supper？晚饭后我可以玩电脑游戏吗？
(2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。
I think the author may come tomorrow.
我认为明天这位作家可能会来。
3.must与need的用法
(1)表示必要性。must意为“必须”，其否定式为mustn’t(不准，禁止)。need 意为“需要”，其否定式为needn’t(不必)。
You mustn’t do that，because you must keep your word.
你不准那么做，因为你必须得遵守诺言。
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to.
如果你不想做，你就不必做。
(2)must表示可能性，只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。
Your mother must be on duty now.你妈妈现在一定在值班。
(3)must带有感彩，意为“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。
Must you make so much noise when I have a rest
你非得在我休息时弄出这么大的声音吗？
4.will与would的用法
(1)表示意志、意愿和决心。will指现在，would指过去。
I will never do that again.我再也不那样做了。
They said that they would fight against the smog.他们说他们会与雾霾作斗争的。
(2)表示请求。would表示更委婉的语气。
Will/Would you please take a message for me
你能帮我捎个口信吗？
(3)表示规律性的“注定会”或习惯性的动作，意为“总是；习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。
Fish will die without water.没有水，鱼儿就会死。
We would sit around Grandpa after supper，listening to his stories.过去，晚饭后我们总会坐在爷爷周围，听他讲故事。
[疑难点津]
used to也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否定形式是didn’t use to或used not to。
He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening.
他过去常在晚间到森林附近散步。(现在已不在那里散步了)
5.shall的用法
(1)shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。
What shall I/we do next？我/我们下一步该做什么？
When shall my brother be able to leave hospital？我哥哥什么时候可以出院？
(2)shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。
You shall go with me.你跟我走。
You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你在生日时会得到一件新连衣裙。
He shall suffer for this.他会为此事吃苦头的。
(3)用于第三人称的陈述句中，表示正式文件、法律、规章制度等中的义务或规定。
Students shall not use calculators during exams.学生在考试中不得使用计算器。
No readers shall remove a book from the library without the permission of the librarian.
未经图书管理员的同意，读者不得把书带出图书馆。
6.should与ought to的用法
(1)should表示义务或建议，意为“应该”，其同义词是ought to。
You should/ought to go to class right away.
你应该立刻去上课。
(2)should与ought to也可以表示主观判断，意为“可能会，应该会”。
It’s nine o’clock now.My mother should come back.现在九点钟了，我妈妈应该回来了。
(3)should可以表示惊讶、难以置信或不应该发生某事，意为“竟然”。
It’s unbelievable that you should break the record.
你竟然打破了纪录，真令人难以置信。
7.dare与need的用法
dare和need既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。
(1)dare和need作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句中。
I dare not walk through the wood at night.
夜间我不敢在树林里走。
You needn’t worry about it.你不必担心它。
(2)dare作实义动词时，在否定句、疑问句中不定式符号to可以省略。need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。
The children don’t dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping.
孩子们在父母睡觉时不敢弄出一点声音。
The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。
三、情态动词后的动词的时态形式
情态动词后接的动词可以有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种形式。其一般式为“情态动词＋动词原形”，表示情态动词的基本含义。
1.后接动词的进行式，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。
He must be doing his homework now.
他现在肯定在做他的家庭作业。
2.后接动词的完成式，表示对过去情况的推测或与事实相反的虚拟。
You couldn’t have seen Mary yesterday because she was in Paris.
你昨天不可能见到玛丽，因为她在巴黎。
You failed again.You should have done it much better.你又失败了。你本该做得更好的。
3.后接动词的完成进行式，表示对持续动作的推测。
They are too tired now.They must have been working all day.
他们现在太累了。他们肯定一整天都在工作。
四、“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去的推测
1.must have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的肯定推测，把握性大，意为“一定做过某事”，只用于肯定句中。
Since she had not answered his letter，she must have left there.
既然她没有给他回信，她一定已经离开那里了。
2.may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，把握性小，意为“也许已经做过某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。
John isn’t at home.I think he may/might have gone to school.
约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。
3.can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”，可通用。can’t语气更加强烈一些。
She can’t/couldn’t have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能听见你敲门。
五、“情态动词＋have done”结构还可表示虚拟语气
1.could have done表示本来有能力做却没有做。
Mom complained that you could have done better in the examination.
妈妈抱怨说你本可以考得更好。
2.ought to/should have done表示过去本应该做某事但实际上没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了。
You ought not to have made fun of him，and you should have learned from him.
你本不应该取笑他的，你本应该向他学习。
3.needn’t have done表示本不必做却已经做了。
We needn’t have worried about the maths exam.It was a piece of cake actually.
我们本不必担心数学考试，实际上它很容易。
4.would have done表示本要做却没有做。
If the alarm clock had worked，I would have awakened on time，but I overslept.如果闹钟响了，我本来会按时醒来的，但我睡过头了。
返 回
达标检测
When my English teacher suggested that I read Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol，I thought，“I 1. (can’t/shouldn’t) read this! It 2._______(has to/must) be very boring！” Surprisingly，it turned out the exact opposite.I 3. (could/might) not stop turning the pages!
Ⅰ.从括号中选出适当的情态动词填空
can’t
must
could
The book’s main character is Scrooge，a rich but mean old man.He hates all kinds of celebrations.On Christmas Eve，he is transported to different points in his life by three spirits.In the end，he reflects on these moments and realizes his mistakes.Then he decides that he 4._______ (might/must) change himself.On Christmas morning，he sends a large turkey to a poor man for Christmas dinner.He also tries to make his family and friends happy by spending time with them.
There is something that 5. (can/must) be learned from A Christmas Carol：we 6. (should/may) treat others with kindness，generosity and love.I think everyone 7. (would/ought to) read this book.
must
can
should
ought to
1.I am feeling sick and I (本不应该吃) so much chocolate.
2.Two years later，he (能把汉语说得很好).
3.We were badly in need of help then，but we _______________________
_________(不敢向他求助).
4.You (再怎么小心都不为过) when crossing the street.
5.My father suggested that (我树立一个明确的目标) and struggle for it.
Ⅱ.补全句子
shouldn’t have eaten
was able to speak Chinese well
dared not to turn to him
for help
can’t be too careful
I (should) set a clear goal
返 回
作业3
1.Why you interrupt me while I am watching TV
2.—Is Jack still doing his homework
—Yes，I asked him to stop and have a rest，but he not listen.
3.You have given him some advice.He was too upset at that time.
4.One of our rules is that all students wear school uniforms while at school.
5.The weather in my hometown is fairly cold in winter，but it be warm sometimes.
6.Now that my sister won’t be with us for dinner，we not have bought so much food.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
must
would
should
shall
can
need
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.你能帮我去机场接他并开车送他去酒店吗？
at the airport and drive him to the hotel
2.我想，你作为一个外国人，肯定一直对唐诗很好奇。
I suppose you，as a foreigner，___________________________________
________.
3.如果没有妈妈的鼓励，在比赛中我不可能成为一个成功的讲解员。
Without Mom’s encouragement， a successful narrator in the competition.
Can you help me pick him up
must have been curious about Tang
poems
I couldn’t have become
4.看着爸爸做好的完美早餐，他们突然意识到本该先跟他请教怎么做早餐的！
Looking at the perfect breakfast cooked by their father，they suddenly realized that how to make breakfast first!
5.按照我们中国的传统习俗，你应该稍微早点到以便你能帮助主人准备饭菜，这不仅有意义而且有趣。
According to Chinese traditional customs，you ______________________
________ so that ，which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
they should have asked him
should arrive a little
earlier
you can help the host prepare the dishes
A
(2025·江苏南通高一上期末)
Masaki Takahashi started writing poetry when he was 15 years old.“I was writing these raps and then it gradually grew into spoken words when I got a little bit older，” he said.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了Masaki Takahashi如何从一名年轻的诗人发展成为Lansing地区的桂冠诗人，以及他在推动诗歌艺术方面所做的贡献。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人).
“It is a pretty big deal，” Robin Theatre owner Dylan Rogers said.“The Poet Laureate doesn’t just represent Lansing；it represents the tri-county(三县) area.So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有机会获得) funds to do that work.”
The two-year title and $2,000 salary come from the Lansing Economic Area Partnership，and Lansing Poetry Club.“Takahashi’s got some great ideas about how to spend the next two years in this role，” Rogers added.
Takahashi，who has lived in Lansing for almost 20 years，said that a Poet Laureate is，“in a sense，an ambassador of poetry in the city.” “There are a lot of things that we can do.I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”
Now he is inspiring people like his friend Rose Jangmi Cooper，who he met on the MSU Slam Poetry Team.“I’m just as happy as I could ever have been to see him go from where he started in Lansing as，‘just another poet on the scene，’to being really，a community organizer，” Cooper said.“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”
Takahashi said the next The Poetry Room event is scheduled for May 13 at the Robin Theatre.
1.What is the current situation of Takahashi
A.He is running a theater.
B.He is taking up pop music.
C.He is recognized for his poems.
D.He is a popular writer in the US.
√
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人).”可知，Takahashi因为诗歌获得了认可。故选C。
解析
2.What do the underlined words “do that work” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Reach a large audience.
B.Raise money for the needy.
C.Set up a club for college students.
D.Make trade deals in the Lansing area.
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有机会获得) funds to do that work.”可知，他们还可以获得资金来面向广大观众开展工作。“do that work”指的是面向广大观众开展工作。故选A。
解析
√
3.What does Takahashi like doing
A.Create poems with other Poet Laureates.
B.Share his knowledge of poetry with students.
C.Read poems on social media with his friend.
D.Hunt for talents in poetry for his poetry room.
√
细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”可知，Takahashi喜欢与学生分享他的诗歌知识。故选B。
解析
4.What does Cooper think of Takahashi
A.He has great luck.
B.He keeps his word.
C.He brings joy to people.
D.He is worthy of the title.
推理判断题。根据文章第六段中的“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”可推知，Cooper对Takahashi的评价是他值得拥有这个称号。故选D。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·湖北武汉高一上期末)
If all the world’s a stage and all the men and women merely players，where does that leave non-human figures，like artificial intelligence chatbots
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一篇发表于《科学报告》的新论文表明，在诗歌创作领域，人工智能(AI)可与人类抗衡。AI 聊天机器人能模仿如莎士比亚等著名诗人的诗作，足以迷惑众多读者，不少研究参与者甚至更青睐聊天机器人创作的诗歌。
As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry.AI chatbots can imitate famous poets like William Shakespeare well enough to fool many human readers，according to a new paper published Thursday in the journal Scientific Reports.In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.
In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韵律) to originality.The participants were given a mix of poems written by humans and by AI，and the scientists didn’t share anything about the poems’ authorship.The team uncovered a surprise：The participants who didn’t know anything about the poems’ origins gave higher ratings，on average，to those written by the chatbot.
Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry It’s not entirely clear，but part of guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.Understanding poems written by humans requires deep，critical thinking—and that’s a big part of poetry’s appeal.But modern readers don’t seem to want to do this labor，preferring texts that give them “instant answers”.
The study’s findings seem to confirm(证实) some fears about AI，which is that they’ll one day replace human artists and put them out of work.But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.“Poetry will always be necessary，” Lasky tells the Washington Post.“If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.”
5.What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A.AI is a player on the world stage.
B.AI performs well in poetry writing.
C.AI is so playful that it fools the readers.
D.AI works well together with all humans.
√
段落大意题。根据第一段中“As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry...In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.”可知，第一段主要讲的是AI在写诗方面表现很好。故选B项。
解析
6.What were participants asked to do with the given poems in the experiment
A.Identify their authors.
B.Discuss their meanings.
C.Grade them from different aspects.
D.Compare them with their own poems.
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韵律) to originality.”可知，在实验中，参与者被要求对给定的诗歌从不同方面打分。故选C项。
解析
√
7.What is a feature of AI-generated poems according to paragraph 3
A.They promote critical thinking.
B.They widen readers’ views.
C.They require immediate feedback.
D.They are easy to understand.
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry？...but part of the guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.”可知，人工智能生成的诗歌的特点之一是容易理解。故选D项。
解析
√
8.What’s Lasky’s attitude towards AI-generated poems
A.Welcoming. B.Doubtful.
C.Passionate. D.Indifferent.
观点态度题。根据最后一段中“But Dorothea Lasky，...，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems...‘If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.’”可推知，拉斯基对人工智能生成的诗歌持欢迎的态度。故选A项。
解析
√
1.hold one’s own坚守住；不被打败
2.when it comes to当谈到；涉及
3.rate n.→v.划分等级；评价，评估
4.originality n.独创性；创造力
5.uncover v.揭露；发现
6.on average 平均
7.straightforward adj.简单的；易懂的
8.comprehend v.理解；懂
词汇积累
But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.
分析：此句为复合句。主语为Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet为同位语，whose引导定语从句，谓语动词says后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句，该从句中it为形式主语，that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems是真正的主语。
翻译：但唯一一位作品被纳入实验的在世诗人多萝西娅·拉斯基表示，读者喜欢人工智能生成的诗歌并不一定是件坏事。
句式分析
(2024·湖南长沙高一下期中)
Writing poetry can seem frightening，especially if you don’t feel you’re naturally creative.But with the right inspiration and approach，you can also write a poem you can be proud to share with others.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写诗的几个方法。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
◆Pick a specific theme or idea.The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about.You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. 1
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
上文“You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating.”提到以选定一个主题或者想法开始，C选项“这可以给你的诗歌创作一个明确的目标”说明了上文做法的好处，故选C。
解析
◆Choose a poetic form.Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem.There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韵的对句). 2 Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
上文“There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韵的对句).”提到几种诗歌形式，根据后文“Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.”可知，空处是在对诗歌形式的选择进行建议，E选项“你可以选择一种你觉得容易使用的诗歌形式”承上启下，该项中“a poetic form”对应后文中“one poetic form”。故选E。
解析
◆Use concrete imagery. 3 You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.Using concrete imagery will immerse(沉浸) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
根据本段主题句“Use concrete imagery.”以及空后“You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.”可知，本段是建议使用具体的形象，F项“避免抽象的意象，在你的诗中使用具体的描述”符合语境，故选F。
解析
◆ 4 Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry.Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers.Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you don’t use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
根据本段内容“Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry...Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.”可知，本段建议使用文学手法，A项“使用文学手法”符合语境，故选A。
解析
◆Read the poem out loud.Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself. 5 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
上文“Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself.”提到大声朗读给自己听，结合后文“Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.”可知，B选项“注意这些单词听起来是怎样的”符合语境，和下文并列，都是描述如何听，故选B。
解析
(2025·江苏常州高一上期末)
Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical.It 1.________________(practise) in China for thousands of years.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气功的历史以及对身心的好处。
Ⅴ.语法填空
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语It与谓语practise构成被动关系，根据后文for thousands of years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been practised。
解析
has been practised
Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture，it is also regarded 2._____a part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).
It’s said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官).A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance.A peaceful state of mind has to 3. (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health.
as
be sought
2.考查介词。短语be regarded as表示“被视为”。故填as。
3.考查语态。主语A peaceful state of mind与seek之间是被动关系，且 has to 后接动词原形，故填be sought。
解析
Qigong is 4. art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses，making life more pleasant.As is widely recognized，Qigong 5. (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions.
an
smooths
4.考查冠词。art 在这里表泛指，表示“一门艺术”，是可数名词，且读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
5.考查时态和主谓一致。根据and连接并列成分，由improves可知，此处也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填smooths。
解析
Good for 6. (treat) mental disabilities and stress，the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 7. _______ pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased.
treating
where
6.考查非谓语动词。for为介词，其后跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填treating。
7.考查定语从句。先行词是“a state of relaxation”，在定语从句中作抽象地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
解析
In this state,8. (concentrate) can also be achieved easily. 9._____________________ Qigong may not be magical in treating acute(急性的) illnesses or medical emergencies，it’s ideal for preventing some diseases and treating certain chronic(慢性的) conditions or disabilities.
concentration
While/Although/Though
8.考查名词。此处作主语，应用名词形式，concentrate的名词形式是concentration，意为“专注；专心”，故填concentration。
9.考查状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用while、though或although，句首首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。
解析
Increasingly，Qigong is being recommended to more and more people now，including foreigners.It will 10. (certain) do more contributions to the world.
certainly
考查副词。空处修饰动词do，需用副词形式，作状语，故填certainly。
解析
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