Period 5 Extended reading
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us the struggle/battle between the old man and the huge fish.
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Where is the story set
A．On the shore. B．On the sea.
C．In the kitchen. D．On the land.
答案 B
2．Why couldn’t the old man reach for the water
A．Because the water was on another boat.
B．Because his arms were not long enough.
C．Because there was no water left on the boat.
D．Because both of his hands were used to control the fish.
答案 D
3．What can we learn about the old man
A．He hasn’t been defeated.
B．He nearly got killed on several occasions.
C．He seemed to be playing a cat-and-mouse game.
D．He was dramatically exhausted and on the point of giving up.
答案 A
4．Which of the following best describes the old man
A．Stubborn. B．Distant.
C．Pessimistic. D．Determined.
答案 D
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．受到好评be well thought of
2．独特的写作风格 unique writing style
3．擅长做某事 be good at doing sth
4．尝试做某事，努力做某事attempt to do sth
5．用力拉住 pull on
6．挺直身子straighten oneself
7．抓住 hold on
8．举起；支撑；耽搁hold up
9．拼尽全力 put all of one’s effort on
10．用尽全力拉pull with all one’s strength
11．竖直身子right oneself
12．游走swim away/off
13．一事无成 accomplish nothing
14．伸手去拿reach for
15．有权利做 have a right to do
16．过来；快点；加油come on
17．头脑糊涂的get confused in the head
18．保持头脑清醒keep one’s head clear
19．(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理clear up
20．正要做某事 be on the point of doing sth
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”．(P53，Lines 2－3)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句，在该从句中，he believes为插入语。
[汉语翻译] 他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被击败”。
2．The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring him closer.(P53，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。句中all是with all his strength的省略形式；that he could是定语从句，could之后省略了gather；动词不定式短语to bring him closer作目的状语。
[汉语翻译] 老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些。
3．But when he put all of his effort on，starting it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength，the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.(P53，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句；从句中starting...and pulling...是现在分词短语作伴随状语；before引导时间状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 可是当他使出浑身力气，在鱼靠近之前就开始用尽全力拉线时，那鱼中途就挣扎着偏向一边，然后正正身子游走了。
4．He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.(P54，Para.13)
[结构分析] 此句是由and连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中，felt himself going为“feel＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；when引导时间状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 他又试了一次，当他把鱼拉转过来时，他感到自己快不行了。
particular adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的(particularly adv.特别，尤其)
[教材原句P48]Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.
尤其是老师可以为有趣的阅读材料提供建议，这些材料在图书馆或书店很容易找到。
[外研版]Is there anything else in particular that you’d like to share with us
你还有没有其他特别想和大家分享的事情呢？
be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究 in particular尤其，特别
(1)The company has launched several types of cars this year，and one in particular appeals to the young.
(2)The girl is on a diet. Therefore，she is particular about/over the food.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)在中国参加朋友的晚宴时，你最好行为举止恰当，尤其要注意你的餐桌礼仪。
When you attend your friend’s dinner party in China，you’d better behave properly，particularly paying attention to your table manners/paying attention to your table manners in particular.
attempt vt.& n．试图，尝试，努力(attempted adj.未遂的，企图的)
[教材原句P53]After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days，Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
[北师大版]Then decide if the sentences contain a main idea (MI) about rescue attempts or a detail (D)．然后判断句中是否含有关于救援尝试的主要信息或细节。
·attempt to do...尝试做…… ·make an attempt to do/at doing...尝试做…… at the first attempt第一次尝试 in an attempt to do...企图做……；为了做……
(1)The young man was caught because of an attempted(attempt) robbery.
(2)We failed to make popcorn at the first attempt，but we didn’t give way to the difficulty.
(3)The experts plan to do an experiment in an attempt to figure out how drinking coffee in the morning affects our health.
[写作佳句]
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)我抓起一块石头，对准那只狼，试图把它吓跑。
I seized a stone，aimed it at the wolf and attempted to/made an attempt to scare it away/off.
hold up支撑起；延误，耽搁；举起，抬起
[教材原句P53]Pull，hands，he thought.Hold up，legs.手，快点拉，他想。腿，站稳。
hold back阻挡，抑制，控制 hold on别挂断；坚持住，挺住 hold on to抓住不放；坚持；保留 hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持
用hold短语的适当形式完成下列语段
坚持住！暴风雨越来越猛烈，但杰克紧紧抓住绳索不放。他的朋友们大喊：“再坚持一下！救援马上到！”杰克努力抑制住内心的恐惧，狂风呼啸着。终于，救援人员赶到，举起梯子让他爬到了安全地带。
Hold on！The storm was getting worse，but Jack held on to the rope tightly.His friends shouted，“Hold out a little longer！Help is coming！”Jake tried to hold back his fear as the wind howled.Finally，rescuers arrived，holding up a ladder for him to climb to safety.
confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的(confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑 confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的 confusion n．不确定，困惑；混淆)
[教材原句P54]Now you are getting confused in the head，he thought.
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。
[北师大版]He was confused and didn’t know if he should carry on hitting me，or stop and help Mr Zhao—so he just stood there.
他不知所措，不知道是继续打我还是停下来帮助赵先生，所以他只是呆呆地站在那里。
·confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆 ·be/get confused about对……感到困惑
(1)From the author’s confused look，we could see that he hadn’t expected that we could raise such a confusing question to him.(confuse)
(2)Study without thinking leads to confusion(confuse)；thinking without study ends in puzzlement.
(3)Many beginners of English learning often confuse the word “weather” with/and “whether”．
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你对未来的工作和职业规划感到困惑，我写信来分享我的观点，并给你一些建议。
Learning that you are confused about your future job and career plan，I’m writing to share my views and give you some suggestions on it.
否定副词置于句首引起的部分倒装
[教材原句P54]Never have I seen a greater，or more beautiful，or a calmer or more noble thing than you，brother.我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。
[结构分析] 此句为简单句。句中否定副词 never 位于句首，句子使用部分倒装。
·表示否定意义的副词或短语置于句首时，其后的句子要使用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。 ·表示否定意义的副词或短语有：never，seldom，little，hardly，rarely，in no way，in no case，at no time，by no means，in/under no circumstances，nowhere等。 ·主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
(1)Never will you be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.
如果你沉迷于网络游戏，你将不会被你理想的大学录取。
(2)(话题写作之活动介绍)In summary，not only did the race build up our bodies，but it also tested our will.
总之，这次比赛不仅增强了我们的体质，而且考验了我们的意志。
(3)We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off.
→No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.
(4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)The twins would in no case give in to their failure in cooking the breakfast.
→In no case would the twins give in to their failure in cooking the breakfast.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The athlete is nervous because she is going to the stage(舞台) to give a speech.
2．When Tom was attempting(试图) to cheat in the exam，he was caught by the teacher on the spot.
3．The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities.
4．It can be very hard to accept defeat，but if we overcome it，we will make progress.
5．So far some specific measures have been taken to protect the forest from being destroyed.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．It is the rule of our school that the students who are on duty should clear up(清理) the classroom.
2．He was well thought of(受到好评) by all the teachers and students in our school for what he did.
3．She attempted to/made an attempt to(尝试) finish the novel in one sitting，but the plot forced her to take breaks.
4．He is particular about/over(对……讲究) the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
5．The company was on the point of(正要) launching the new product when market researchers pointed out potential safety issues.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Pulling on the fish，the old man made an effort 1.to bring(bring) the fish closer.For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side.Then the fish straightened 2.itself(it) and began another circle.The old man felt faint again now but he 3.held(hold) on the great fish all the strain that he could.When he put all of his effort on,4.starting(start) it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his 5.strength(strong)，the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.The old man’s mouth was so dry 6.that he couldn’t speak but he could not reach for the water now.On the next several 7.turns(turn)，he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.Twice more it was the same on the turns.The old man had been on 8.the point of feeling himself go each time.He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly 9.with the great tail weaving in the air.10.Although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes，the old man would try it once again.
作业4 Extended reading
[分值：65分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．We were on the point of giving up hope when he turned up.
2．It was extremely(extreme) hot as we came out of our apartment.
3．The whole meal was good and the wine in particular was excellent.
4．Traffic was held up for a few hours because of the serious accident.
5．Little did(do) he care about his own safety，though he was in great danger himself.
6．I was able to straighten(straight) up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders.
7．We’ve collected $50,000 for the poor，thanks to the generosity(generous) of the public.
8．His collection(collect) involves more than 300 paintings from famous contemporary artists.
9．In an attempt to improve(improve) his grades，Tom spent extra hours reviewing his notes every night.
10．The team entered the crucial stage of the project，where every decision could determine its success or failure.
Ⅱ.主题微写作(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．在所有的动物中，我特别害怕熊。(in particular)
Of all the animals，I’m afraid of bears in particular.
2．当熊走近时，我感到一片混乱，不知道该做什么。(现在分词短语作状语)
When the bear was approaching，I got confused，not knowing what to do.
3．由于熊一直跟着我，我试图逃跑，但失败了。(with的复合结构)
With the bear following me all the way，I made an attempt to run away，but failed.
4．熊正要攻击我，这时救援队到了。(be on the point of doing...when...)
The bear was on the point of attacking me when the rescue team arrived.
5．我从未有过如此可怕的经历。(部分倒装)
Never have I had such a frightening experience.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·广东高一下期中)
Stories of immigrants attract me a lot，especially the life stories of Italians who have come to America since the 1700s.In each of these stories I see elements of my own story，that of leaving my birthplace and family and creating a new life in a different culture and in a different language.
The child of Italian immigrants and an award-winning scholar of Italian literature，in the book My Two Italies，Joseph Luzzi struggled to create or find his own identity from an early age.Even more problematic for him was “which” Italy to “choose”， the one he inherited from his family，poor and linked to old traditions and customs he finds rude and somewhat cruel，or the one he finds in literature and art books that show him a country with a modern literary culture.
The choice becomes even sadder as in his professional life he becomes a scholar of Italian literature and culture.He describes episodes of his youth that show the clash between the first and the second generation immigrants that are both funny and tragicomic(悲喜剧式的)．These episodes highlight the daily customs his parents brought from their hometown are in conflict with Joseph’s desire to “fit in” the American culture.Joseph’s visits to Italy as a student and then as a scholar deepen the divide between his two Italies and highlight his quest for identity.
The author’s personal changes are full of quotes and comments on the cultural and political landscape of Italy.I find that his insights on contemporary Italian cultural and political phenomena are particularly interesting.In this book，Joseph touches or comments in depth about several issues concerning Italian life，such as the relationship between dialects and the official “Italian” language，and the Southern “question” or the uneasy interaction between Northern and Southern Italians.
I enjoyed reading this book.It is personal，moving，educational and entertainment.I hope you will enjoy it too!
语篇解读 本文是一篇书评。文章主要推荐了作家Joseph Luzzi的书《我的两个意大利》，谈论了这本书的写作背景、内容以及作者对这本书的看法。
1．Why is the author interested in stories of immigrants
A．He left his birthplace to go to America.
B．He was a child of Italian immigrants.
C．He lived in America as an immigrant.
D．He likes to learn the Italian language.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Stories of immigrants attract me a lot，especially the life stories of Italians who have come to America since the 1700s.In each of these stories I see elements of my own story，that of leaving my birthplace and family and creating a new life in a different culture and in a different language.”可知，作者对移民的故事感兴趣是因为他自己作为移民生活在美国。故选C。
2．Which of the following is more difficult for Joseph to deal with
A．Seeking out the true Italian within himself.
B．Inheriting traditions and customs from his family.
C．Bridging the gap between the rude and modern culture.
D．Finding the country with a modern literacy culture.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Even more problematic for him was ‘which’ Italy to ‘choose’，the one he inherited from his family，poor and linked to old traditions and customs he finds rude and somewhat cruel，or the one he finds in literature and art books that show him a country with a modern literary culture.”可知，对Joseph来说更难处理的是寻找自己内心真正的意大利人。故选A。
3．What does the underlined word “clash” mean in paragraph 3
A．Interaction. B．Divide.
C．Difference. D．Conflict.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句“These episodes highlight the daily customs his parents brought from their hometown are in conflict with Joseph’s desire to ‘fit in’ the American culture.”可知，画线词所在句子表示他描述了自己年轻时第一代和第二代移民之间的冲突，画线词的意思是“冲突”，和conflict意思相近。故选D。
4．What can we learn from Joseph’s life
A．He developed the desire of fitting in American culture after his first visit to Italy.
B．Deep understanding of Italian culture and politics helped him settle inner changes.
C．Joseph’s parents hardly required him to inherit traditional Italian culture and customs.
D．Issues concerning Italian life had a positive impact on the relation within his family.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The author’s personal changes are full of quotes and comments on the cultural and political landscape of Italy.I find that his insights on contemporary Italian cultural and political phenomena are particularly interesting.”可知，对意大利文化和政治的深刻理解帮助Joseph解决了内心的变化。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
(2024·江苏淮安高一下期中)
Jules Verne was born on 8 February 1828 in the French city of Nantes.From an early age，he had a fascination with exploration and discovery.When he was six，his teacher，Madame Sambin，told him stories about her husband，who was missing while travelling the world on a ship 30 years before.She told her class that he was like Robinson Crusoe，a fictional(虚构的) castaway(坐船遇难者) who lived on a desert island.Verne would later write stories about similar characters.
In 1847，Verne was sent by his family to study law at a university in Paris，but he preferred to write novels，poems and plays.After graduating，he realized he wanted to write science adventure stories.This had never been done before，but Verne was sure that it would be a success.His first story，Five Weeks in a Balloon，was published in September 1862.His career lasted for more than 40 years，during which time he wrote more than 60 fascinating stories.
To begin with，Verne wrote positive and optimistic books.Many of these were to be his most popular creations.Although some included fantastical elements，they were usually based on scientific facts，making them believable.These positive stories weren’t to last.As he got older，Verne became less confident in the idea that science and technology were always good for the planet.His books started to include more scientists who used technology for their own—sometimes evil—purposes.Verne died on 24 March 1905，but new books continued to be published until 1919.These stories were based on ideas Verne had written about while he was still alive，but featured new characters and plots created by his son，Michel.
In the 20th century，his books were translated into more than 140 languages and several successful film versions came out.His creations have been recognized as an inspiration for many scientists and inventors.Many of the futuristic ideas from his most popular books have since come true.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作家儒勒·凡尔纳及其作品和成就。
5．What did the author intend to do in paragraph 1
A．Describe Verne’s discovery.
B．Introduce the characters of his stories.
C．Present the adventure of Sambin’s husband.
D．Show the teacher’s impact on Verne’s writing.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When he was six，his teacher，Madame Sambin，told him stories about her husband，who was missing while travelling the world on a ship 30 years before...Verne would later write stories about similar characters.”可知，老师给全班同学讲述了自己丈夫失踪的事情，这件事对凡尔纳产生了影响，他后来的作品中也会写类似人物的故事；由此可知，作者想要展示这位老师对凡尔纳写作的影响。故选D项。
6．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Studying law.
B．Graduating from university.
C．Writing novels，poems and plays.
D．Writing science adventure stories.
答案 D
解析 代词指代题。根据文章画线单词前句“After graduating，he realized he wanted to write science adventure stories.”可知，凡尔纳想写科学冒险故事；由此可推断出，“This”指代上文提到的“write science adventure stories”，也就是说，以前从未有人写科学冒险故事，但凡尔纳确信这会成功。故选D项。
7．Which of the following words can best describe Verne
A．Productive. B．Honest.
C．Optimistic. D．Friendly.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“His career lasted for more than 40 years，during which time he wrote more than 60 fascinating stories.”可知，凡尔纳作品很多，是多产的作家，故选A项。
8．What can we infer about Verne’s later works
A．They covered scientific elements.
B．They were unbelievable stories.
C．They showed Verne’s doubt on science.
D．They were partly written by Verne’s son.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“As he got older，Verne became less confident in the idea that science and technology were always good for the planet.His books started to include more scientists who used technology for their own—sometimes evil—purposes.”可推知，凡尔纳后期的作品表现出他对科学的怀疑。故选C项。
[词汇积累]
1．have a fascination with对……着迷；迷恋
2．to begin with首先；一开始
3．optimistic adj.乐观的，抱乐观看法的
4．believe v．相信→belief n．相信；信仰；信念→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.(反)难以置信的；惊人的
5．come out出现；结果是；出版
6．come true变成现实；(梦想等)成真
[句式分析]
When he was six，his teacher，Madame Sambin，told him stories about her husband，who was missing while travelling the world on a ship 30 years before.
分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句，Madame Sambin是his teacher的同位语，who引导非限制性定语从句，while引导的时间状语从句省略了主语和be动词was。
翻译：当他六岁的时候，他的老师桑宾夫人给他讲了她丈夫的故事，她丈夫30年前乘船环游世界时失踪了。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·陕西西安高一上期末)
The sun is setting.I’m sitting on a rock top on the Jurassic Coast with my family.We are 1 and dusty after a long day of hiking.We are on a 630-mile route plan.Our only 2 is to complete it as a family by the time the children have finished secondary school.
Out in the wild，I have 3 something magical happening.My children are 4 all the time.They are capable of 5 10 miles a day carrying their own pack.On the trail，they don’t 6 eating simple noodles or the rain that pours down.It 7 me how they do it，waking each morning totally 8 ，like someone hits the reset button.
After resting，with packs returned to our 9 ，we set off with no real plan other than walking onwards.I love the freedom that we just walk 10 until something catches our fancy.
As I walk ahead，I reflect on why we want to be out here.Mostly，I think it’s because it slows us down and 11 us deep in nature.It’s also turned out to be about the people we meet along the way，like the kind couple who 12 to give us a lift back，or the group of teens who 13 us to join in their game.The trail gifted us meaningful 14 with these kind strangers.So far we’ve walked 120 miles.Maybe it’ll take us several years to complete the whole thing，but I’m sure there will be much 15 waiting for us ahead.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与家人一起徒步旅行的经历和感悟。
1．A.disappointed B．tired
C．surprised D．annoyed
答案 B
解析 disappointed失望的；tired疲惫的；surprised惊讶的；annoyed生气的。根据下文“after a long day of hiking”可知，经过一整天的徒步旅行，作者和家人应该是疲惫的。故选B。
2．A.difficulty B．assumption
C．goal D．effort
答案 C
解析 difficulty困难；assumption假设；goal目标；effort努力。根据下文“to complete it as a family by the time the children have finished secondary school”可知，这是作者和家人的目标。故选C。
3．A.promoted B．arranged
C．missed D．observed
答案 D
解析 promote促进；arrange安排；miss错过；observe观察。根据下文“something magical happening”可知，作者在野外观察到一些神奇的事情。故选D。
4．A.energized B．centralized
C．knowledgeable D．teachable
答案 A
解析 energized精力充沛的；centralized集中的；knowledgeable知识渊博的；teachable可教的。根据下文“They are capable of 10 miles a day carrying their own pack.”可知，孩子们精力充沛。故选A。
5．A.covering B．planning
C．cycling D．designing
答案 A
解析 cover行走(一段路程)；plan计划；cycle骑行；design设计。根据下文“10 miles a day carrying their own pack”可知，这里指孩子们每天能走10英里。故选A。
6．A.desire for B．prepare for
C．complain about D．talk about
答案 C
解析 desire for渴望；prepare for准备；complain about抱怨；talk about谈论。根据下文“eating simple noodles or the rain that pours down”可知，孩子们从不抱怨食物简单或天气不好。故选C。
7．A.frightens B．supports
C．amazes D．disturbs
答案 C
解析 frighten使惊吓；support支持；amaze使惊讶；disturb打扰。根据下文“how they do it，waking each morning totally ，like someone hits the reset button”可知，孩子们的表现让作者感到惊讶。故选C。
8．A.different B．lucky
C．confident D．fresh
答案 D
解析 different不同的；lucky幸运的；confident自信的；fresh精神饱满的。根据下文“like someone hits the reset button”可知，孩子们每天早上醒来都精神饱满。故选D。
9．A.destinations B．vision
C．shoulders D．memory
答案 C
解析 destination目的地；vision视力；shoulder肩膀；memory记忆。根据上文“with packs returned to”可知，这里指把背包扛在肩上。故选C。
10．A.calmly B．cautiously
C．wildly D．aimlessly
答案 D
解析 calmly冷静地；cautiously谨慎地；wildly疯狂地；aimlessly漫无目的地。根据上文“with no real plan”可知，作者和家人只是漫无目的地往前走。故选D。
11．A.traps B．brings
C．expresses D．influences
答案 B
解析 trap困住；bring带来；express表达；influence影响。根据下文“us deep in nature”可知，徒步旅行让作者和家人深深地融入大自然。故选B。
12．A.offered B．challenged
C．promised D．pretended
答案 A
解析 offer主动提供；challenge挑战；promise承诺；pretend假装。根据下文“give us a lift back”可知，善良的夫妇主动提出让作者和家人搭便车回去。故选A。
13．A.refused B．invited
C．stopped D．expected
答案 B
解析 refuse拒绝；invite邀请；stop停止；expect期待。根据下文“join in their game”可知，一群青少年邀请作者和家人加入他们的游戏。故选B。
14．A.lessons B．interaction
C．comparisons D．progress
答案 B
解析 lesson教训；interaction互动；comparison比较；progress进步。根据上文“like the kind couple who to give us a lift back，or the group of teens who to join in their game”可知，作者和家人在徒步旅行中与他人有了很多有意义的互动。故选B。
15．A.guidance B．reward
C．greeting D．pleasure
答案 D
解析 guidance指导；reward奖励；greeting问候；pleasure快乐，乐趣。根据上文“The trail gifted us meaningful with these kind strangers.”可知，作者和家人的徒步旅行是有意义的，一路上的互动是快乐的，相信前方会有更多的快乐等着他们。故选D。(共79张PPT)
Period 5
Extended reading
Unit 4
Exploring literature
内容索引
Part 1 课文深度理解
Part 2 语言知识梳理
Part 3 基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
Ernest Hemingway
The Old Man and the Sea
failed
second
encouraged himself
exhausted
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us the struggle/battle between and ______________.
the old man
the huge fish
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Where is the story set
A.On the shore. B.On the sea.
C.In the kitchen. D.On the land.
√
2.Why couldn’t the old man reach for the water
A.Because the water was on another boat.
B.Because his arms were not long enough.
C.Because there was no water left on the boat.
D.Because both of his hands were used to control the fish.
√
3.What can we learn about the old man
A.He hasn’t been defeated.
B.He nearly got killed on several occasions.
C.He seemed to be playing a cat-and-mouse game.
D.He was dramatically exhausted and on the point of giving up.
√
4.Which of the following best describes the old man
A.Stubborn. B.Distant.
C.Pessimistic. D.Determined.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.受到好评
2.独特的写作风格
3.擅长做某事
4.尝试做某事，努力做某事
5.用力拉住
6.挺直身子
7.抓住
8.举起；支撑；耽搁
_________________
__________________
___________________
________________
_______
_________________
________
________
be well thought of
unique writing style
be good at doing sth
attempt to do sth
pull on
straighten oneself
hold on
hold up
9.拼尽全力
10.用尽全力拉
11.竖直身子
12.游走
13.一事无成
14.伸手去拿
15.有权利做
16.过来；快点；加油
______________________
________________________
____________
______________
__________________
_________
________________
________
put all of one’s effort on
pull with all one’s strength
right oneself
swim away/off
accomplish nothing
reach for
have a right to do
come on
17.头脑糊涂的
18.保持头脑清醒
19.(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理
20.正要做某事
______________________
____________________
________
________________________
get confused in the head
keep one’s head clear
clear up
be on the point of doing sth
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”.(P53，Lines 2－3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。who引导 从句，在该从句中，he believes为 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
插入语
他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被击败”。
定语
2.The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring him closer.(P53，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。句中all是with all his strength的 形式；that he could是 从句，could之后省略了gather；动词不定式短语to bring him closer作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些。
主从复合
省略
定语
目的状语
3.But when he put all of his effort on，starting it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength，the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.(P53，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 。when引导 从句；从句中starting...and pulling...是现在分词短语作 ；before引导________从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
可是当他使出浑身力气，在鱼靠近之前就开始用尽全力拉线时，那鱼中途就挣扎着偏向一边，然后正正身子游走了。
主从复合句
时间状语
伴随状语
时间状语
4.He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.(P54，Para.13)
[结构分析] 此句是由and连接的 句。第二个分句中，felt himself going为“feel＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；when引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
他又试了一次，当他把鱼拉转过来时，他感到自己快不行了。
并列复合
时间状语
返 回
语言知识梳理
[教材原句P48]Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.
尤其是老师可以为有趣的阅读材料提供建议，这些材料在图书馆或书店很容易找到。
[外研版]Is there anything else in particular that you’d like to share with us
你还有没有其他特别想和大家分享的事情呢？
adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的
(particularly adv.特别，尤其)
1
particular
(1)The company has launched several types of cars this year，and one __ particular appeals to the young.
(2)The girl is on a diet. Therefore，she is particular the food.
be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究
in particular尤其，特别
in
about/over
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)在中国参加朋友的晚宴时，你最好行为举止恰当，尤其要注意你的餐桌礼仪。
When you attend your friend’s dinner party in China，you’d better behave properly，__________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
写作佳句
particularly paying attention to your table manners/paying attention to your table manners in particular
vt.& n.试图，尝试，努力
(attempted adj.未遂的，企图的)
2
attempt
[教材原句P53]After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days，Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
[北师大版]Then decide if the sentences contain a main idea (MI) about rescue attempts or a detail (D).然后判断句中是否含有关于救援尝试的主要信息或细节。
·attempt to do...尝试做……
·make an attempt to do/at doing...尝试做……
at the first attempt第一次尝试
in an attempt to do...企图做……；为了做……
(1)The young man was caught because of an (attempt) robbery.
(2)We failed to make popcorn the first attempt，but we didn’t give way to the difficulty.
(3)The experts plan to do an experiment an attempt to figure out how drinking coffee in the morning affects our health.
attempted
at
in
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)我抓起一块石头，对准那只狼，试图把它吓跑。
I seized a stone，aimed it at the wolf and ____________________
_________________________.
写作佳句
attempted to/made an attempt to scare it away/off
支撑起；延误，耽搁；举起，抬起
hold up
3
[教材原句P53] Pull，hands，he thought.Hold up，legs.手，快点拉，他想。腿，站稳。
hold back阻挡，抑制，控制
hold on别挂断；坚持住，挺住
hold on to抓住不放；坚持；保留
hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持
用hold短语的适当形式完成下列语段
坚持住！暴风雨越来越猛烈，但杰克紧紧抓住绳索不放。他的朋友们大喊：“再坚持一下！救援马上到！”杰克努力抑制住内心的恐惧，狂风呼啸着。终于，救援人员赶到，举起梯子让他爬到了安全地带。
！The storm was getting worse，but Jack the rope tightly.His friends shouted，“ a little longer！Help is coming！”Jake tried to his fear as the wind howled.Finally，rescuers arrived， a ladder for him to climb to safety.
Hold on
held on to
Hold out
hold back
holding up
[教材原句P54]Now you are getting confused in the head，he thought.
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。
[北师大版]He was confused and didn’t know if he should carry on hitting me，or stop and help Mr Zhao—so he just stood there.
他不知所措，不知道是继续打我还是停下来帮助赵先生，所以他只是呆呆地站在那里。
adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的(confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑 confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的 confusion n.不确定，困惑；混淆)
confused
4
·confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆
·be/get confused about对……感到困惑
(1)From the author’s look，we could see that he hadn’t expected that we could raise such a question to him.(confuse)
(2)Study without thinking leads to (confuse)；thinking without study ends in puzzlement.
(3)Many beginners of English learning often confuse the word “weather” __________ “whether”.
confused
confusing
confusion
with/and
(4)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你对未来的工作和职业规划感到困惑，我写信来分享我的观点，并给你一些建议。
Learning that __________________________________________
____________，I’m writing to share my views and give you some suggestions on it.
写作佳句
you are confused about your future job and
career plan
[教材原句P54]Never have I seen a greater，or more beautiful，or a calmer or more noble thing than you，brother.我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。
[结构分析]此句为简单句。句中否定副词never位于句首，句子使用部分倒装。
否定副词置于句首引起的部分倒装
5
·表示否定意义的副词或短语置于句首时，其后的句子要使用部分倒装，
即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
·表示否定意义的副词或短语有：never，seldom，little，hardly，
rarely，in no way，in no case，at no time，by no means，in/under no
circumstances，nowhere等。
·主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
(1)Never your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.
如果你沉迷于网络游戏，你将不会被你理想的大学录取。
(2)(话题写作之活动介绍)In summary，not only _____________________
__________，but it also tested our will.
总之，这次比赛不仅增强了我们的体质，而且考验了我们的意志。
(3)We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off.
→No sooner than the plane took off.
will you be admitted to
did the race build up
our bodies
had we reached the airport
(4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)The twins would in no case give in to their failure in cooking the breakfast.
→In no case in cooking the breakfast.
would the twins give in to their failure
返 回
基础达标检测
1.The athlete is nervous because she is going to the (舞台) to give a speech.
2.When Tom was (试图) to cheat in the exam，he was caught by the teacher on the spot.
3.The produce was then by water to markets in the cities.
4.It can be very hard to accept ，but if we overcome it，we will make progress.
5.So far some specific measures have been taken to protect the forest from being .
Ⅰ.单词拼写
stage
attempting
transported
defeat
destroyed
1.It is the rule of our school that the students who are on duty should ________(清理) the classroom.
2.He (受到好评) by all the teachers and students in our school for what he did.
3.She (尝试) finish the novel in one sitting，but the plot forced her to take breaks.
4.He (对……讲究) the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
5.The company (正要) launching the new product when market researchers pointed out potential safety issues.
Ⅱ.短语填空
clear up
was well thought of
attempted to/made an attempt to
is particular about/over
was on the point of
Pulling on the fish，the old man made an effort 1. (bring) the fish closer.For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side.Then the fish straightened 2. (it) and began another circle.The old man felt faint again now but he 3. (hold) on the great fish all the strain that he could.When he put all of his effort on,4. (start) it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his 5. (strong)，the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.The old man’s mouth was so dry 6. he couldn’t speak but he could not reach for the water now.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
to bring
itself
held
starting
strength
that
On the next several 7. (turn)，he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.Twice more it was the same on the turns.The old man had been on 8. point of feeling himself go each time.He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly 9. the great tail weaving in the air.10. his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes，the old man would try it once again.
turns
the
with
Although
返 回
作业4
1.We were on the point of giving up hope he turned up.
2.It was (extreme) hot as we came out of our apartment.
3.The whole meal was good and the wine particular was excellent.
4.Traffic was held for a few hours because of the serious accident.
5.Little (do) he care about his own safety，though he was in great danger himself.
6.I was able to (straight) up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
when
extremely
in
up
did
straighten
7.We’ve collected $50,000 for the poor，thanks to the (generous) of the public.
8.His (collect) involves more than 300 paintings from famous contemporary artists.
9.In an attempt (improve) his grades，Tom spent extra hours reviewing his notes every night.
10.The team entered the crucial stage of the project， every decision could determine its success or failure.
generosity
collection
to improve
where
1.在所有的动物中，我特别害怕熊。(in particular)
Of all the animals， .
2.当熊走近时，我感到一片混乱，不知道该做什么。(现在分词短语作状语)
When the bear was approaching，I got confused，____________________.
3.由于熊一直跟着我，我试图逃跑，但失败了。(with的复合结构)
，I made an attempt to run away，but failed.
Ⅱ.主题微写作
I’m afraid of bears in particular
not knowing what to do
With the bear following me all the way
4.熊正要攻击我，这时救援队到了。(be on the point of doing...when...)
The bear the rescue team arrived.
5.我从未有过如此可怕的经历。(部分倒装)
such a frightening experience.
was on the point of attacking me when
Never have I had
A
(2024·广东高一下期中)
Stories of immigrants attract me a lot，especially the life stories of Italians who have come to America since the 1700s.In each of these stories I see elements of my own story，that of leaving my birthplace and family and creating a new life in a different culture and in a different language.
语篇解读 本文是一篇书评。文章主要推荐了作家Joseph Luzzi的书《我的两个意大利》，谈论了这本书的写作背景、内容以及作者对这本书的看法。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
The child of Italian immigrants and an award-winning scholar of Italian literature，in the book My Two Italies，Joseph Luzzi struggled to create or find his own identity from an early age.Even more problematic for him was “which” Italy to “choose”， the one he inherited from his family，poor and linked to old traditions and customs he finds rude and somewhat cruel，or the one he finds in literature and art books that show him a country with a modern literary culture.
The choice becomes even sadder as in his professional life he becomes a scholar of Italian literature and culture.He describes episodes of his youth that show the clash between the first and the second generation immigrants that are both funny and tragicomic(悲喜剧式的).These episodes highlight the daily customs his parents brought from their hometown are in conflict with Joseph’s desire to “fit in” the American culture.Joseph’s visits to Italy as a student and then as a scholar deepen the divide between his two Italies and highlight his quest for identity.
The author’s personal changes are full of quotes and comments on the cultural and political landscape of Italy.I find that his insights on contemporary Italian cultural and political phenomena are particularly interesting.In this book，Joseph touches or comments in depth about several issues concerning Italian life，such as the relationship between dialects and the official “Italian” language，and the Southern “question” or the uneasy interaction between Northern and Southern Italians.
I enjoyed reading this book.It is personal，moving，educational and entertainment.I hope you will enjoy it too!
1.Why is the author interested in stories of immigrants
A.He left his birthplace to go to America.
B.He was a child of Italian immigrants.
C.He lived in America as an immigrant.
D.He likes to learn the Italian language.
√
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Stories of immigrants attract me a lot，especially the life stories of Italians who have come to America since the 1700s.In each of these stories I see elements of my own story，that of leaving my birthplace and family and creating a new life in a different culture and in a different language.”可知，作者对移民的故事感兴趣是因为他自己作为移民生活在美国。故选C。
解析
2.Which of the following is more difficult for Joseph to deal with
A.Seeking out the true Italian within himself.
B.Inheriting traditions and customs from his family.
C.Bridging the gap between the rude and modern culture.
D.Finding the country with a modern literacy culture.
√
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Even more problematic for him was ‘which’ Italy to ‘choose’，the one he inherited from his family，poor and linked to old traditions and customs he finds rude and somewhat cruel，or the one he finds in literature and art books that show him a country with a modern literary culture.”可知，对Joseph来说更难处理的是寻找自己内心真正的意大利人。故选A。
解析
3.What does the underlined word “clash” mean in paragraph 3
A.Interaction. B.Divide.
C.Difference. D.Conflict.
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词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句“These episodes highlight the daily customs his parents brought from their hometown are in conflict with Joseph’s desire to ‘fit in’ the American culture.”可知，画线词所在句子表示他描述了自己年轻时第一代和第二代移民之间的冲突，画线词的意思是“冲突”，和conflict意思相近。故选D。
解析
4.What can we learn from Joseph’s life
A.He developed the desire of fitting in American culture after his first
visit to Italy.
B.Deep understanding of Italian culture and politics helped him settle
inner changes.
C.Joseph’s parents hardly required him to inherit traditional Italian
culture and customs.
D.Issues concerning Italian life had a positive impact on the relation
within his family.
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推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The author’s personal changes are full of quotes and comments on the cultural and political landscape of Italy.I find that his insights on contemporary Italian cultural and political phenomena are particularly interesting.”可知，对意大利文化和政治的深刻理解帮助Joseph解决了内心的变化。故选B。
解析
B(此篇精读)
(2024·江苏淮安高一下期中)
Jules Verne was born on 8 February 1828 in the French city of Nantes.From an early age，he had a fascination with exploration and discovery.When he was six，his teacher，Madame Sambin，told him stories about her husband，who was missing while travelling the world on a ship 30 years before.She told her class that he was like Robinson Crusoe，a fictional(虚构的) castaway(坐船遇难者) who lived on a desert island.Verne would later write stories about similar characters.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作家儒勒·凡尔纳及其作品和成就。
In 1847，Verne was sent by his family to study law at a university in Paris，but he preferred to write novels，poems and plays.After graduating，he realized he wanted to write science adventure stories.This had never been done before，but Verne was sure that it would be a success.His first story，Five Weeks in a Balloon，was published in September 1862.His career lasted for more than 40 years，during which time he wrote more than 60 fascinating stories.
To begin with，Verne wrote positive and optimistic books.Many of these were to be his most popular creations.Although some included fantastical elements，they were usually based on scientific facts，making them believable.These positive stories weren’t to last.As he got older，Verne became less confident in the idea that science and technology were always good for the planet.His books started to include more scientists who used technology for their own—sometimes evil—purposes.Verne died on 24 March 1905，but new books continued to be published until 1919. These stories were based on ideas Verne had written about while he was still alive，but featured new characters and plots created by his son，Michel.
In the 20th century，his books were translated into more than 140 languages and several successful film versions came out.His creations have been recognized as an inspiration for many scientists and inventors. Many of the futuristic ideas from his most popular books have since come true.
5.What did the author intend to do in paragraph 1
A.Describe Verne’s discovery.
B.Introduce the characters of his stories.
C.Present the adventure of Sambin’s husband.
D.Show the teacher’s impact on Verne’s writing.
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推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When he was six，his teacher，Madame Sambin，told him stories about her husband，who was missing while travelling the world on a ship 30 years before...Verne would later write stories about similar characters.”可知，老师给全班同学讲述了自己丈夫失踪的事情，这件事对凡尔纳产生了影响，他后来的作品中也会写类似人物的故事；由此可知，作者想要展示这位老师对凡尔纳写作的影响。故选D项。
解析
6.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Studying law.
B.Graduating from university.
C.Writing novels，poems and plays.
D.Writing science adventure stories.
代词指代题。根据文章画线单词前句“After graduating，he realized he wanted to write science adventure stories.”可知，凡尔纳想写科学冒险故事；由此可推断出，“This”指代上文提到的“write science adventure stories”，也就是说，以前从未有人写科学冒险故事，但凡尔纳确信这会成功。故选D项。
解析
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7.Which of the following words can best describe Verne
A.Productive. B.Honest.
C.Optimistic. D.Friendly.
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“His career lasted for more than 40 years，during which time he wrote more than 60 fascinating stories.”可知，凡尔纳作品很多，是多产的作家，故选A项。
解析
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8.What can we infer about Verne’s later works
A.They covered scientific elements.
B.They were unbelievable stories.
C.They showed Verne’s doubt on science.
D.They were partly written by Verne’s son.
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推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“As he got older，Verne became less confident in the idea that science and technology were always good for the planet.His books started to include more scientists who used technology for their own—sometimes evil—purposes.”可推知，凡尔纳后期的作品表现出他对科学的怀疑。故选C项。
解析
1.have a fascination with对……着迷；迷恋
2.to begin with首先；一开始
3.optimistic adj.乐观的，抱乐观看法的
4.believe v.相信→belief n.相信；信仰；信念→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.(反)难以置信的；惊人的
5.come out出现；结果是；出版
6.come true变成现实；(梦想等)成真
词汇积累
When he was six，his teacher，Madame Sambin，told him stories about her husband，who was missing while travelling the world on a ship 30 years before.
分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句，Madame Sambin是his teacher的同位语，who引导非限制性定语从句，while引导的时间状语从句省略了主语和be动词was。
翻译：当他六岁的时候，他的老师桑宾夫人给他讲了她丈夫的故事，她丈夫30年前乘船环游世界时失踪了。
句式分析
(2025·陕西西安高一上期末)
The sun is setting.I’m sitting on a rock top on the Jurassic Coast with my family.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与家人一起徒步旅行的经历和感悟。
Ⅳ.完形填空
We are 1 and dusty after a long day of hiking.We are on a 630-mile route plan.Our only 2 is to complete it as a family by the time the children have finished secondary school.
1.A.disappointed B.tired C.surprised D.annoyed
2.A.difficulty B.assumption C.goal D.effort
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1.disappointed失望的；tired疲惫的；surprised惊讶的；annoyed生气的。根据下文“after a long day of hiking”可知，经过一整天的徒步旅行，作者和家人应该是疲惫的。故选B。
2.difficulty困难；assumption假设；goal目标；effort努力。根据下文“to complete it as a family by the time the children have finished secondary school”可知，这是作者和家人的目标。故选C。
解析
Out in the wild，I have 3 something magical happening.My children are 4 all the time.They are capable of 5 10 miles a day carrying their own pack.
3.A.promoted B.arranged
C.missed D.observed
4.A.energized B.centralized
C.knowledgeable D.teachable
5.A.covering B.planning
C.cycling D.designing
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3.promote促进；arrange安排；miss错过；observe观察。根据下文“something magical happening”可知，作者在野外观察到一些神奇的事情。故选D。
4.energized精力充沛的；centralized集中的；knowledgeable知识渊博的；teachable可教的。根据下文“They are capable of 10 miles a day carrying their own pack.”可知，孩子们精力充沛。故选A。
5.cover行走(一段路程)；plan计划；cycle骑行；design设计。根据下文“10 miles a day carrying their own pack”可知，这里指孩子们每天能走10英里。故选A。
解析
On the trail，they don’t 6 eating simple noodles or the rain that pours down.It 7 me how they do it，waking each morning totally 8 ，like someone hits the reset button.
6.A.desire for B.prepare for C.complain about D.talk about
7.A.frightens B.supports C.amazes D.disturbs
8.A.different B.lucky C.confident D.fresh
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6.desire for渴望；prepare for准备；complain about抱怨；talk about谈论。根据下文“eating simple noodles or the rain that pours down”可知，孩子们从不抱怨食物简单或天气不好。故选C。
7.frighten使惊吓；support支持；amaze使惊讶；disturb打扰。根据下文“how they do it，waking each morning totally ，like someone hits the reset button”可知，孩子们的表现让作者感到惊讶。故选C。
8.different不同的；lucky幸运的；confident自信的；fresh精神饱满的。根据下文“like someone hits the reset button”可知，孩子们每天早上醒来都精神饱满。故选D。
解析
After resting，with packs returned to our 9 ，we set off with no real plan other than walking onwards.I love the freedom that we just walk 10 until something catches our fancy.
9.A.destinations B.vision
C.shoulders D.memory
10.A.calmly B.cautiously
C.wildly D.aimlessly
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9.destination目的地；vision视力；shoulder肩膀；memory记忆。根据上文“with packs returned to”可知，这里指把背包扛在肩上。故选C。
10.calmly冷静地；cautiously谨慎地；wildly疯狂地；aimlessly漫无目的地。根据上文“with no real plan”可知，作者和家人只是漫无目的地往前走。故选D。
解析
As I walk ahead，I reflect on why we want to be out here.Mostly，I think it’s because it slows us down and 11 us deep in nature.It’s also turned out to be about the people we meet along the way，like the kind couple who 12 to give us a lift back，or the group of teens who 13 us to join in their game.
11.A.traps B.brings C.expresses D.influences
12.A.offered B.challenged C.promised D.pretended
13.A.refused B.invited C.stopped D.expected
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11.trap困住；bring带来；express表达；influence影响。根据下文“us deep in nature”可知，徒步旅行让作者和家人深深地融入大自然。故选B。
12.offer主动提供；challenge挑战；promise承诺；pretend假装。根据下文“give us a lift back”可知，善良的夫妇主动提出让作者和家人搭便车回去。故选A。
13.refuse拒绝；invite邀请；stop停止；expect期待。根据下文“join in their game”可知，一群青少年邀请作者和家人加入他们的游戏。故选B。
解析
The trail gifted us meaningful 14 with these kind strangers.So far we’ve walked 120 miles.Maybe it’ll take us several years to complete the whole thing，but I’m sure there will be much 15 waiting for us ahead.
14.A.lessons B.interaction
C.comparisons D.progress
15.A.guidance B.reward
C.greeting D.pleasure
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14.lesson教训；interaction互动；comparison比较；progress进步。根据上文“like the kind couple who to give us a lift back，or the group of teens who to join in their game”可知，作者和家人在徒步旅行中与他人有了很多有意义的互动。故选B。
15.guidance指导；reward奖励；greeting问候；pleasure快乐，乐趣。根据上文“The trail gifted us meaningful with these kind strangers.”可知，作者和家人的徒步旅行是有意义的，一路上的互动是快乐的，相信前方会有更多的快乐等着他们。故选D。
解析
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