Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures
短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。本单元主要介绍的是名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
[先感知]
①I had to choose extra-curricular activities,too.(人教必一U1)
②I’m a freshman at senior high school.(人教必一U1)
③Every Wednesday,we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.(人教必一U1)
④Second,we practiced singing a song about the school basketball team.(人教必一U1)
⑤I joined a volunteer club instead.(人教必一U1)
[会发现] 从上述例句中可知名词短语的组成:
句①形容词+名词;句②冠词+名词;句③(冠词+)形容词+名词;句④(冠词/物主代词/不定代词/指示代词+)名词+介词短语;句⑤(冠词+)名词+名词。
[明规则]
1.名词短语的定义:指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词,一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语。
2.名词短语的组成:(限定词)+(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)。
[点津] 名词短语中的限定词包括四类:(1)冠词(a、an、the);(2)指示代词(this、that、these、those等);(3)物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their等);(4)不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。
3.句法功能
(1)作主语
These interesting books are for you.
这些有趣的书是给你的。
(2)作表语
He is my old friend.
他是我的老朋友。
(3)作宾语
My daughter had a great time there.
我女儿在那里玩得很好。
(4)作宾语补足语
We made Tom monitor of our class.
我们选汤姆当我们班的班长。
[再运用] 写出下列句子中加黑的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分,并注意其组成
①These ideas may seem strange to you.作主语
②We love our great motherland very much.作宾语
③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.作表语
④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan.作主语
⑤We made him capital of our team.
作宾语补足语
⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games.作宾语
⑦The tall building was built last year.作主语
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
[先感知]
①Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.(人教必一U1)
②Adventure travel has become more and more popular,not only among the youth but even among the middle-aged.(人教必一U1)
③My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.(人教必一U1)
④To our left,snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.(人教必二 U2)
[会发现] 从上述例句中可知形容词短语的组成:
句①副词+形容词;句②副词短语+形容词;句③形容词+介词短语;句④形容词+enough。
[明规则]
1.形容词短语的定义:指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于形容词,一般用作定语(修饰名词或代词)、表语或宾语补足语。
2.形容词短语的组成:(副词、副词短语)+形容词+(介词短语、enough)。
3.副词enough在修饰形容词构成形容词短语时, 一般放在所修饰的形容词的后面。
4.句法功能
(1)作表语(与连系动词构成系表结构,说明主语的性质或特征)
The bridge is long and wide.
这座桥又长又宽。
(2)作宾语补足语(说明宾语的性质、状态或特征)
You must keep the room clean and tidy.
你必须保持房间干净整洁。
(3)作定语(修饰名词、代词,说明其性质、特征等)
This pretty little Spanish girl is Linda’s cousin.
这个漂亮的西班牙小女孩是琳达的表妹。
I think he is a man suitable for the job.
我认为他是适合做这项工作的人。
(4)作状语(说明主语的性质、状态或特征)
He stood there, full of fear.
他站在那里,充满了恐惧。
[再运用] 补全句子
①I think your idea is really good for us.
我认为你的想法对我们真的很好。
②I hope that it will become even more popular.
我希望它会变得更加受欢迎。
③Don’t worry about the children.They’re old enough to take care of themselves.
不要担心孩子们。他们足够大,能照顾自己了。
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
[先感知]
①First,I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.(人教必一U1)
②He finally ended up playing college ball at a small,little-known school,Davidson College,not too far from where he lived.(外研选一U3)
③I tried to join the school football team,but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.(人教必一U1)
[会发现] 从上述例句中可知副词短语的组成:
句①副词+副词;句②副词+副词短语;
句③副词+enough。
[明规则]
1.副词短语的定义:指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词,一般用作状语。
2.副词短语的组成:(副词、副词短语)+副词+(enough)。
3.副词enough在修饰副词构成副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的副词后面。
4.句法功能
(1)作状语,修饰动词
She’s a clever girl,and has learnt the new skill very quickly.
她是个聪明的女孩,很快就学会了新技能。(very quickly修饰动词has learnt)
He drives extremely carefully.
他开车非常小心。(extremely carefully修饰动词drives)
(2)作状语,修饰形容词
The dress was rather too small for her.
这件衣服对她来说太小了。(rather too修饰形容词small)
(3)作状语,修饰副词
He is running much too fast in the match.
他在比赛中跑得太快了。(much too修饰副词fast)
[再运用] 写出下列句子中加黑的副词短语在句中所修饰的成分,并注意其组成
①He ran very quickly yesterday.修饰动词
②I am much too pleased to see you.修饰形容词
③She plays well enough as a beginner.修饰动词
④He worked much more carefully on the new design.修饰副词
[基础语境练]
维度一 写出下列句子中加黑部分的短语类型(每小题1分,共10分)
1.We were passing by a boat house when we met her.名词短语
2.Two of my brother’s friends came to see him off.名词短语
3.She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in the future.副词短语
4.Quite properly, she was punished.副词短语
5.He is inexperienced,but he is quite clever.形容词短语
6.The fruit is good to eat.形容词短语
7.The servant was afraid to wake up his master.形容词短语
8.I didn’t need to answer the questions,which saved me a lot of trouble.名词短语
9.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother.名词短语
10.Always nervous,the man opened the letters.形容词短语
维度二 语法与写作(每小题2分,共12分)
1.I am very interested in Chinese culture.
我对中国文化很感兴趣。
2.We will try to make our country more beautiful.
我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。
3.I won the first prize in the Chinese speech contest.
我在中文演讲比赛中得了第一名。
4.It sounds like a good idea.
它听起来像个好主意。
5.I think our city should develop healthily so that we can have a better hometown in the future.
我认为我们的城市应该健康发展以便我们将来能有一个更好的家乡。
6.Guangzhou is a beautiful place for people to live.
广州是一个美丽的地方,适合人们居住。
维度三 写出下列短文中加黑短语的类型,并写出其所作的成分(每小题2分,共20分)
In Canada,volunteering is extremely common① among people of all ages.They believe that being helpful is one of the most important qualities②to have.There are many forms of voluntary work③ and opportunities to help are everywhere,including schools or people’s gardens.
I’m volunteering for an organisation to assist the teachers there④.I’m in charge of a preschool class,where students are very lovely⑤.When I first started,I was quite nervous⑥as I’d never worked with little kids before.As time went on,I became more familiar with them.One teacher asked me to help the youngest girl⑦ in the class draw a picture based on the word “grateful”.As I was drawing and talking with her,I gradually felt warm and peaceful⑧, and I realized it was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over,I felt really excited and even a bit proud of⑨ what I had done.
Volunteering gives us not only an opportunity to change someone’s life but also the satisfaction of helping others.It is also a great way to develop social skills and valuable experience for our future.For example,I have learned to speak to others more kindly and clearly⑩.
答案 ①形容词短语;作表语 ②名词短语;作表语
③名词短语;作宾语 ④名词短语;作宾语 ⑤形容词短语;作表语 ⑥形容词短语;作表语 ⑦名词短语;作宾语 ⑧形容词短语;作表语 ⑨形容词短语;作表语 ⑩副词短语;作状语
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2025·石家庄高一期中)
The first week of September was a week that I had been expecting all summer.I didn’t want summer to end.But I was excited about going to high school for my first week.
When I got to school in the morning on the first day I realized how large the school was,and how many students went there.I ended up in the wrong classroom because of the size of the school.Luckily,a kind senior showed up and guided me to my homeroom before I was late.I was happy to see that in a class of unfamiliar (不熟悉的) faces,the only open seat was next to my good friend,Casey.My science teacher seemed like a good teacher.She was exciting and fun.
After finishing four periods without too much of a challenge,I didn’t feel too bad about ninth grade.However,the fifth period changed everything.I didn’t feel ready after all.My teacher’s name is Mr.Valassidis but he told us to call him Mr.V.Mr.V told us that we would have to write 40 essays (文章) and read AP-level books such as The Odyssey this year.I love reading and writing,but come on,40 ESSAYS AP-level books Now I was afraid.
The courses in high school seem like they’re going to get much harder,but they haven’t yet.Even though my classes look hard,they look really exciting too.
The first week passed quickly.Although a lot of things left me at a loss:the size of the campus,the crowds (人群) and the seniors,having a totally different experience than I had ever had before was really exciting.Now,I’m really happy about high school.I have lots of friends in my classes,I really like my teachers and I’m glad to meet new people.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者上九年级第一周的情况。
1.How did the writer feel when his high school life was about to start
A.Anxious. B.Happy.
C.Helpless. D.Relaxed.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段的“But I was excited about going to high school for my first week.”可知,当高中生活即将开始时,作者感到很高兴,故选B项。]
2.What happened to the writer on his first day of high school
A.He was praised by Mr.V.
B.He was late for class.
C.He met Casey for the first time.
D.He got lost on the campus.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段的“I ended up in the wrong classroom because of the size of the school.”可知,上高中的第一天作者在校园里迷路了,故选D项。]
3.What made the writer afraid
A.The strict rules in classes.
B.How his science teacher behaved.
C.What he was expected to do with his studies.
D.It was difficult to get on with his new classmates.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段的“Mr.V told us that...Now I was afraid.”可知,老师希望学生做的事情让作者害怕了,故选C项。]
4.Which of the following can best describe the writer’s first week of high school
A.Different and exciting.
B.Hard and frightening.
C.Busy but eye-opening.
D.Tiring but meaningful.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“having a totally different experience than I had ever had before was really exciting”可推知,“不同”和“兴奋”最能描述作者的高中第一周,故选A项。]
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·杭州市高一检测)
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges.Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities 1. (prefer) by others,such as organizing debates,studying literature,dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses.But more people sign up for advanced courses out of curiosity.Actually,some teenagers feel confused in their youth,and their behaviours are sometimes 2. (confuse).They think there is a generation gap between 3. (they) and adults,so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson,4. outgoing freshman,was so attracted to Chinese literature that he 5. (quit) his studies in Chicago and came to China.Obviously,with the help of his teacher,his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese 6. campus now.As 7. (schedule),he will graduate next year.8. he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is fascinated by Tang poetry.
The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”.An editor that acts 9. (responsible) has recommended him 10. (read) some classical Chinese literature first.The recommendation means a lot to him.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要以Johnson为例讲述了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
1.are preferred [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在一些青少年中,做志愿工作很受欢迎,而另一些人则更喜欢课外活动,比如组织辩论、学习文学、跳芭蕾舞和打扫温室。结合句意及“by others”可知,主语extra-curricular activities和动词prefer之间是被动关系,且句子是描述一个事实,使用一般现在时的被动语态,主语表示复数意义,故填are preferred。]
2.confusing [考查词性转换。句意:事实上,一些青少年在他们的青年时期感到困惑,他们的行为有时令人困惑。空处应填形容词作表语,主语behaviours指物,使用动词-ing形式的形容词,故填confusing。]
3.themselves [考查代词。句意:他们认为自己和成年人之间存在代沟,所以专家们正试图找到一个合适的解决方案。空处作between的宾语,和主语是同一指代对象,使用反身代词,故填themselves。]
4.an [考查冠词。句意:Johnson是一名外向的大一新生,他被中国文学深深吸引,于是放弃了在芝加哥的学业,来到了中国。此处泛指“一名外向的大一新生”,使用不定冠词,且outgoing是以元音音素开头,故填an。]
5.quit [考查动词的时态。句意:Johnson因被中国文学吸引而放弃了在芝加哥的学业。结合came可知此处使用一般过去时,quit的过去式是quit,故填quit。]
6.on [考查介词。句意:显然,在老师的帮助下,他的汉语有了很大的提高,现在他在校园里可以说一口流利的汉语。on campus “在校园”,为固定搭配,故填on。]
7.scheduled [考查固定短语。句意:按计划,他将于明年毕业。as scheduled“按照计划”,为固定短语,故填scheduled。]
8.What [考查名词性从句。句意:他所专注的是中国古代文学,他对唐诗着迷。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少介词on的宾语,指物,首字母应大写,故填What。]
9.responsibly [考查词性转换。句意:一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。空处修饰动词acts,因此需要使用副词,故填responsibly。]
10.to read [考查非谓语动词。句意:编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学作品。“推荐某人做某事”为recommend sb to do sth,故填to read。](共45张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures
语法知识过关
内
容
索
引
课时精练
语 法 知 识 过 关
短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。本单元主要介绍的是名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
[先感知]
①I had to choose extra-curricular activities,too.(人教必一U1)
②I’m a freshman at senior high school.(人教必一U1)
③Every Wednesday,we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.(人教必一U1)
④Second,we practiced singing a song about the school basketball team.(人教必一U1)
⑤I joined a volunteer club instead.(人教必一U1)
[会发现] 从上述例句中可知名词短语的组成:
句① +名词;句② +名词;句③(冠词+) _________ +名词;句④(冠词/物主代词/不定代词/指示代词+)名词+ _____________短语;句⑤(冠词+) +名词。
形容词
冠词
形容词
介词
名词
[明规则]
1.名词短语的定义:指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词,一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语。
2.名词短语的组成:(限定词)+(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)。
[点津] 名词短语中的限定词包括四类:(1)冠词(a、an、the);(2)指示代词(this、that、these、those等);(3)物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their等);(4)不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。
3.句法功能
(1)作主语
These interesting books are for you. 这些有趣的书是给你的。
(2)作表语
He is my old friend. 他是我的老朋友。
(3)作宾语
My daughter had a great time there. 我女儿在那里玩得很好。
(4)作宾语补足语
We made Tom monitor of our class. 我们选汤姆当我们班的班长。
[再运用] 写出下列句子中加黑的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分,并注意其组成
①These ideas may seem strange to you.
②We love our great motherland very much.
③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.
④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan.
⑤We made him capital of our team.
⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games.
⑦The tall building was built last year.
作主语
作宾语
作表语
作主语
作宾语补足语
作宾语
作主语
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
[先感知]
①Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.(人教必一U1)
②Adventure travel has become more and more popular,not only among the youth but even among the middle-aged.(人教必一U1)
③My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and Im good at it.(人教必一U1)
④To our left,snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.(人教必二 U2)
[会发现] 从上述例句中可知形容词短语的组成:
句① +形容词;句② 短语+形容词;句③形容词+ 短语;句④ +enough。
副词
副词
介词
形容词
[明规则]
1.形容词短语的定义:指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于形容词,一般用作定语(修饰名词或代词)、表语或宾语补足语。
2.形容词短语的组成:(副词、副词短语)+形容词+(介词短语、enough)。
3.副词enough在修饰形容词构成形容词短语时, 一般放在所修饰的形容词的后面。
4.句法功能
(1)作表语(与连系动词构成系表结构,说明主语的性质或特征)
The bridge is long and wide.
这座桥又长又宽。
(2)作宾语补足语(说明宾语的性质、状态或特征)
You must keep the room clean and tidy.
你必须保持房间干净整洁。
(3)作定语(修饰名词、代词,说明其性质、特征等)
This pretty little Spanish girl is Lindas cousin.
这个漂亮的西班牙小女孩是琳达的表妹。
I think he is a man suitable for the job.
我认为他是适合做这项工作的人。
(4)作状语(说明主语的性质、状态或特征)
He stood there, full of fear.
他站在那里,充满了恐惧。
[再运用] 补全句子
①I think your idea is .
我认为你的想法对我们真的很好。
②I hope that it will become .
我希望它会变得更加受欢迎。
③Don’t worry about the children.They’re to take care of themselves.
不要担心孩子们。他们足够大,能照顾自己了。
really good for us
even more popular
old enough
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
[先感知]
①First,I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.(人教必一U1)
②He finally ended up playing college ball at a small,little-known school,Davidson College,not too far from where he lived.
(外研选一U3)
③I tried to join the school football team,but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.(人教必一U1)
[会发现] 从上述例句中可知副词短语的组成:
句① +副词;句②副词+ 短语;句③__________ +enough。
副词
副词
副词
[明规则]
1.副词短语的定义:指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词,一般用作状语。
2.副词短语的组成:(副词、副词短语)+副词+(enough)。
3.副词enough在修饰副词构成副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的副词后面。
4.句法功能
(1)作状语,修饰动词
She’s a clever girl,and has learnt the new skill very quickly.
她是个聪明的女孩,很快就学会了新技能。
(very quickly修饰动词has learnt)
He drives extremely carefully.
他开车非常小心。(extremely carefully修饰动词drives)
(2)作状语,修饰形容词
The dress was rather too small for her.
这件衣服对她来说太小了。(rather too修饰形容词small)
(3)作状语,修饰副词
He is running much too fast in the match.
他在比赛中跑得太快了。(much too修饰副词fast)
[再运用] 写出下列句子中加黑的副词短语在句中所修饰的成分,并注意其组成
①He ran very quickly yesterday.
②I am much too pleased to see you.
③She plays well enough as a beginner.
④He worked much more carefully on the new design.
修饰动词
修饰形容词
修饰动词
修饰副词
课 时 精 练
基础语境练
素能提升练
[基础语境练]
维度一 写出下列句子中加黑部分的短语类型(每小题1分,共10分)
1.We were passing by a boat house when we met her.______________
2.Two of my brother’s friends came to see him off.________________
3.She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in the future.
_____________
4.Quite properly, she was punished._______________
名词短语
名词短语
副词短语
副词短语
5.He is inexperienced,but he is quite clever.__________________
6.The fruit is good to eat. __________________
7.The servant was afraid to wake up his master. __________________
8.I didn’t need to answer the questions,which saved me a lot of trouble. __________________
9.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. __________________
10.Always nervous,the man opened the letters. __________________
形容词短语
形容词短语
形容词短语
名词短语
名词短语
形容词短语
维度二 语法与写作(每小题2分,共12分)
1.I Chinese culture.
我对中国文化很感兴趣。
2.We will try to .
我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。
3.I won in the Chinese speech contest.
我在中文演讲比赛中得了第一名。
am very interested in
make our country more beautiful
the first prize
4.It sounds like .
它听起来像个好主意。
5.I think our city ___________________________________ so that we can in the future.
我认为我们的城市应该健康发展以便我们将来能有一个更好的家乡。
6.Guangzhou is for people to live.
广州是一个美丽的地方,适合人们居住。
a good idea
should develop healthily
have a better hometown
a beautiful place
维度三 写出下列短文中加黑短语的类型,并写出其所作的成分(每小题2分,共20分)
In Canada,volunteering is extremely common① among people of all ages.They believe that being helpful is one of the most important qualities②to have.There are many forms of voluntary work③ and opportunities to help are everywhere,including schools or people’s gardens.
I’m volunteering for an organisation to assist the teachers there④.I’m in charge of a preschool class,where students are very lovely⑤.When I first started,I was quite nervous⑥as I’d never worked with little kids before.As time went on,I became more familiar with them. One teacher asked me to help the youngest girl⑦ in the class draw a picture based on the word “grateful”.As I was drawing and talking with her,I gradually felt warm and peaceful⑧, and I realized it was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over,I felt really excited and even a bit proud of⑨ what I had done.
Volunteering gives us not only an opportunity to change someone’s life but also the satisfaction of helping others.It is also a great way to develop social skills and valuable experience for our future.For example,I have learned to speak to others more kindly and clearly⑩.
答案 ①形容词短语;作表语 ②名词短语;作表语
③名词短语;作宾语 ④名词短语;作宾语 ⑤形容词短语;作表语
⑥形容词短语;作表语 ⑦名词短语;作宾语 ⑧形容词短语;作表语 ⑨形容词短语;作表语 ⑩副词短语;作状语
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2025·石家庄高一期中)
The first week of September was a week that I had been expecting all summer.I didn’t want summer to end.But I was excited about going to high school for my first week.
When I got to school in the morning on the first day I realized how large the school was,and how many students went there.I ended up in the wrong classroom because of the size of the school.Luckily,a kind senior showed up and guided me to my homeroom before I was late.I was happy to see that in a class of unfamiliar (不熟悉的) faces,the only open seat was next to my good friend,Casey.My science teacher seemed like a good teacher.She was exciting and fun.
After finishing four periods without too much of a challenge,I didn’t feel too bad about ninth grade.However,the fifth period changed everything.I didn’t feel ready after all.My teacher’s name is Mr.Valassidis but he told us to call him Mr.V.Mr.V told us that we would have to write 40 essays (文章) and read AP-level books such as The Odyssey this year.I love reading and writing,but come on,40 ESSAYS AP-level books Now I was afraid.
The courses in high school seem like they’re going to get much harder,but they haven’t yet.Even though my classes look hard,they look really exciting too.
The first week passed quickly.Although a lot of things left me at a loss:the size of the campus,the crowds (人群) and the seniors,having a totally different experience than I had ever had before was really exciting.Now,I’m really happy about high school.I have lots of friends in my classes,I really like my teachers and I’m glad to meet new people.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者上九年级第一周的情况。
1.How did the writer feel when his high school life was about to start
A.Anxious. B.Happy. C.Helpless. D.Relaxed.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的“But I was excited about going to high school for my first week.”可知,当高中生活即将开始时,作者感到很高兴,故选B项。
√
2.What happened to the writer on his first day of high school
A.He was praised by Mr.V.
B.He was late for class.
C.He met Casey for the first time.
D.He got lost on the campus.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I ended up in the wrong classroom because of the size of the school.”可知,上高中的第一天作者在校园里迷路了,故选D项。
√
3.What made the writer afraid
A.The strict rules in classes.
B.How his science teacher behaved.
C.What he was expected to do with his studies.
D.It was difficult to get on with his new classmates.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Mr.V told us that...Now I was afraid.”可知,老师希望学生做的事情让作者害怕了,故选C项。
√
4.Which of the following can best describe the writer’s first week of high school
A.Different and exciting. B.Hard and frightening.
C.Busy but eye-opening. D.Tiring but meaningful.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“having a totally different experience than I had ever had before was really exciting”可推知,“不同”和“兴奋”最能描述作者的高中第一周,故选A项。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·杭州市高一检测)
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges.Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities 1. (prefer) by others,such as organizing debates, studying literature,dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced courses out of curiosity. Actually,some teenagers feel confused in their youth,and their behaviours are sometimes 2. (confuse).They think there is a generation gap between 3. (they) and adults,so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson,4. outgoing freshman,was so attracted to Chinese literature that he 5. (quit) his studies in Chicago and came to China.Obviously,with the help of his teacher,his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese 6._____________ campus now.As 7. (schedule),he will graduate next year.8. he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is fascinated by Tang poetry.
The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”.An editor that acts 9._____________ (responsible) has recommended him 10. (read) some classical Chinese literature first.The recommendation means a lot to him.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要以Johnson为例讲述了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
1.are preferred [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在一些青少年中,做志愿工作很受欢迎,而另一些人则更喜欢课外活动,比如组织辩论、学习文学、跳芭蕾舞和打扫温室。结合句意及“by others”可知,主语extra-curricular activities和动词prefer之间是被动关系,且句子是描述一个事实,使用一般现在时的被动语态,主语表示复数意义,故填are preferred。]
2.confusing [考查词性转换。句意:事实上,一些青少年在他们的青年时期感到困惑,他们的行为有时令人困惑。空处应填形容词作表语,主语behaviours指物,使用动词-ing形式的形容词,故填confusing。]
3.themselves [考查代词。句意:他们认为自己和成年人之间存在代沟,所以专家们正试图找到一个合适的解决方案。空处作between的宾语,和主语是同一指代对象,使用反身代词,故填themselves。]
4.an [考查冠词。句意:Johnson是一名外向的大一新生,他被中国文学深深吸引,于是放弃了在芝加哥的学业,来到了中国。此处泛指“一名外向的大一新生”,使用不定冠词,且outgoing是以元音音素开头,故填an。]
5.quit [考查动词的时态。句意:Johnson因被中国文学吸引而放弃了在芝加哥的学业。结合came可知此处使用一般过去时,quit的过去式是quit,故填quit。]
6.on [考查介词。句意:显然,在老师的帮助下,他的汉语有了很大的提高,现在他在校园里可以说一口流利的汉语。on campus “在校园”,为固定搭配,故填on。]
7.scheduled [考查固定短语。句意:按计划,他将于明年毕业。as scheduled“按照计划”,为固定短语,故填scheduled。]
8.What [考查名词性从句。句意:他所专注的是中国古代文学,他对唐诗着迷。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少介词on的宾语,指物,首字母应大写,故填What。]
9.responsibly [考查词性转换。句意:一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。空处修饰动词acts,因此需要使用副词,故填responsibly。]
10.to read [考查非谓语动词。句意:编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学作品。“推荐某人做某事”为recommend sb to do sth,故填to read。]
Thanks！
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