UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
大观念之单元话题:本单元为“人与社会”主题语境下对“社会进步与人类文明”的探讨,以“未来智能家居”为主线,介绍了未来智能家居的发展情况,并探讨了科技进步给人类带来的利与弊。通过学习本单元内容,了解科学技术和智能家居对人类生活的影响和意义,能够辩证地思考其利弊。
①assistant / s st nt/n.助手,助理
②capacity /k p s ti/n.能力,才能;容量
③analyse / n la z/v.分析
④regulate / reɡjule t/ v.控制,管理
⑤in contrast 与此相反
⑥fall into the wrong hands落入坏人之手
⑦agree on 就……达成一致
类文悦读·情境导学
人工智能是人类最伟大的成就还是最大的威胁,你有什么不同的看法
Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT
Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to AI,I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant① built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her,and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast⑤,my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
Pink_haze
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity② to analyse③ and interpret vast amounts of data,which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history,if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands⑥,it could also be the most dangerous.However,AI is not going to go away.We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate④ it.One thing I think we all agree on⑦,though,is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!(选自外研版选必三Unit 4)
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
Step One:Pre-reading
1.What do the boy,the robot and the universe probably stand for
答案 the boy:human beings
the robot:science technology
the universe:infinite future ahead
2.Read the title and the three subtitles,and answer:
(1)What is the purpose of the passage
To give us an insight into smart homes.
(2)Who is the intended audience
People who are interested in advanced technology.
Step Two:While-reading
阅读策略——Identify purpose and audience
识别作者的写作意图及目标读者是阅读过程中的高阶思维活动。读者可以根据文章的主旨要义和体裁来判断作者的写作意图。
根据文章的大标题SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER以及三个小标题Intelligent Controls、Regular Health Checks和No More Disasters,我们可知文章的主旨是从智能控制、定期健康检查和避免意外三个方面介绍智能家居如何使我们未来的生活变得更加轻松。同时,结合语篇说明文的体裁,我们不难总结出本文的写作意图是:to inform the readers of the benefits of smart homes (向读者介绍智能家居给未来生活带来的便利与好处)。基于上述分析,结合文章开头的两个问句,我们可以推断本文的目标读者是对与生活相关的科技发展感兴趣的人群。
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
The passage mainly tells us about the benefits of smart homes.
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.Smart homes will check people’s health regularly.
Para.2 B.Smart homes will prevent serious damage from accidents.
Para.3 C.Intelligent controls in the home system.
Para.4 D.Smart technology will be used widely in the future.
Para.5E.Smart homes will bring us safe,energysaving and comfortable life in the future.
答案 Para.1 E Para.2 C Para.3 A Para.4 B Para.5 D
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What are the technologies used in smart homes
A.Integrated sensors. B.Switches.
C.Knobs. D.Remote controls.
2.What will the integrated sensors be used to do
A.To switch off TVs and air conditioners.
B.To remind you when you should start off.
C.To control the home automatically.
D.To tell you when the dinner is ready.
3.What will smart homes do when there is damage at home
A.They will fix the problem.
B.They will call a repairman.
C.They will keep constant track of it.
D.They will offer you some information.
4.How does the author develop the passage
A.Topic—Arguments—Description.
B.Opinion—Discussions—Explanations.
C.Topic—Supporting examples—Conclusion.
D.Topic—Arguments—Conclusion.
答案 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
学会断句:本句是so 连接的并列句,在第二个分句中,if you want to change your routine是条件状语从句;and连接两个并列分句you just say aloud what you want和the home system will obey,在第一个并列分句中what you want 是宾语从句。
尝试翻译:所有的控制都会响应语音命令,所以如果你想改变你的日常生活习惯,你只要大声说出你想要的,家居系统就会遵照执行。
2.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking,or if there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.
学会断句:本句是复合句,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information是主句,and连接并列谓语detect和 provide,or连接两个并列条件状语从句。
尝试翻译:例如,如果水管漏水或发生电线短路,你的智能家居将会探测出来,并给你提供相关的信息。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
In the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV 1.automatically(automatic).These smart homes will keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment 2.to live(live) in.
First,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.You will no longer have to think about turning switches 3.on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your 4.daily(day) routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on 5.the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already 6.prepared(prepare) for you.In addition,your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a 7.warning(warn) to your phone.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something 8.abnormal(normal) or if you have a critical illness.What’s more,smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.
Many of these new 9.innovations(innovate) are already available and being used in some homes.Nevertheless,it will take some years 10.before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
[原文呈现]
SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER
Have you ever forgotten to① lock the door of your house Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off② the TV or computer These kinds of things happen to③ us all the time④,waste resources,and can sometimes lead to⑤ problems.However,in the not-too-distant⑥ future,we will be living in smart homes[1]that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.These smart homes will[2] keep us secure⑦, save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment[3] to live in.
[1]此处that引导定语从句;when引导时间状语从句;and连接并列谓语。
[2]此处是“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语由形容词充当。此外,keep后的宾语补足语还可以由名词、动词-ing形式、过去分词和介词短语充当。
[3]此处是动词不定式短语作后置定语,修饰environment;由于live是不及物动词,介词in不可省略。
Intelligent Controls⑧
Today,we have to use switches for⑨ our lights,knobs⑩ for our appliances , and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners .In the future,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences , so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on[4] the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
[4]此处the instant意为“一……就……”,是名词短语,可用作连词引导时间状语从句;and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中含有“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
Regular Health Checks
In addition, your smart home[5] will be monitoring your health for you every day.Your bed,for example,will record how well you sleep every night.It will also be checking your body weight.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a warning to your phone.It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and[6] how to sleep better.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track ofyour health as well.[7]They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness,such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
[5]本段中的will be monitoring、will also be checking、will be keeping均是将来进行时。
[6]此处是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语。
[7]句中的两个if引导条件状语从句;or是并列连词,连接两个从句;and连接并列谓语。
No More Disasters
Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking, or if there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.This way,you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire.
This smart technology is not a fantasy.Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today.Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
[名师圈点]
①forget to do sth 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
②switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等)
switch /swIt / vt.转换;交换
vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变
n.开关;转换器;改变
③(sth) happen to sb(某事)发生在某人身上
④all the time始终,一直
⑤lead to导致;通向
⑥distant / dIst nt/ adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的
not-too-distant为复合形容词,意为“不远的”,相当于near。
⑦secure /sI kj (r)/ adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护
⑧intelligent control 智能控制
intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj.智能的
⑨for (表对象或用途等)给,对
a stick for walking 拐杖
⑩knob /n b/ n.旋钮;球形把手
appliance / plaI ns/ n.电器;器具
remote control遥控器;遥控
remote /rI m t/ adj.远程的;偏远的
air conditioner /k n dI n (r)/ 空调机;空调设备
automatic / t m tIk/ adj.自动的
integrated / IntIɡreItId/ adj.
各部分密切协调的;综合的
integrate / IntIɡreIt/ vi.& vt.
(使)合并;成为一体
sensor / sens (r)/ n.传感器;敏感元件
energy-efficient adj.
节能的,节约能源的;高能效的
efficient /I fI nt/ adj.效率高的;有功效的
mode /m d/ n.模式;方式;风格
daily routine 日常生活
routine /ru ti n/ n.常规;正常顺序 adj.常规的;日常的
preference / prefr ns/ n.爱好;偏爱
have a preference for... 偏爱……,更喜欢……
instant / Inst nt/ n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的
instantly / nst ntli/ adv.立刻,立即,马上
command /k mɑ nd/ n.指令;命令;控制
vt.命令;控制
obey / beI/ vi.& vt.服从;遵守
in addition 此外;另外
warning / w nI / n.警告;警示;先兆
constant / k nst nt/ adj.不断的;重复的;不变的 n.常数;常量
keep track of 记录;追踪;与……保持联系
as well也;同样
early on在初期;早先
abnormal / b n ml/ adj.不正常的;反常的
normal / n m/ adj.正常的,一般的
critical / krItIkl/ adj.
严重的;关键的;批判性的
cancer / k ns (r)/ n.癌;癌症;毒瘤
potentially /p ten li/ adv.潜在地;可能地
potential /p ten l/ adj.
可能的;潜在的 n.潜力;可能性
leak /li k/ vi.& vt.漏;渗漏;透露 n.漏洞;裂缝;透露
electrical /I lektrIkl/ adj.电的;用电的
wiring / waI rI / n.
电线线路;线路系统
wire / waI (r)/ n.电线;金属丝(或线)
vt.接通电源;将……连接到
detect /dI tekt/ vt.发现;查明
provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 提供给某人某物
relevant / rel v nt/ adj.有关的;有意义的
catch fire着火
fantasy / f nt si/ n.幻想;想象
innovation / In veI n/ n.创新;创造
available / veIl bl/ adj.
可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的
in this sense(in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
nevertheless / nev les/ adv.尽管如此;不过;然而
[参考译文] 智能家居让生活更简单
你忘记过锁你家的门吗 或是,你忘记过关掉电视或电脑吗 这些事情经常发生在我们身上,浪费资源,有时还会带来一些问题。然而,在不久的将来,我们将住进智能家居,当我们外出时,智能家居会为我们锁门,当我们忘记关电视时,智能家居会记得关闭它。这些智能家居将保证我们的安全,为我们节省能源,并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。
智能控制
如今,我们得用开关控制电灯,用旋钮控制电器,用遥控器控制我们的电视和空调。在未来,我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上什么时候离开家,然后自动进入节能模式。你不必再想着自己打开和关闭开关。你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好,所以当你每天晚上到家时,一切都会为你准备好。你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。所有的控制都会响应语音指令,所以如果你想改变你的日常生活习惯,你只要大声说出你想要的,家居系统就会遵照执行。
定期健康检查
此外,你的智能家居将每天监测你的健康状况。例如,你的床会记录你每晚的睡眠情况,也会检查你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题,它会向你的手机发送警告。它也会向你建议更健康的饮食以及如何睡得更好。智能卫生间也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。如果出现不正常的情况,或者你得了癌症之类的重病,它们会提前警告你,并有可能挽救你的生命。
不再有灾难
智能家居将能防止事故造成的严重损失。例如,如果水管漏水或发生电线短路,你的智能家居将会探测出来,并给你提供相关的信息。这样,你就能在你家被水淹没或着火之前解决问题。
这种智能技术并非空想。很多这些新近的创新已经可用并正在一些住宅中使用。从这种意义上来讲,明天的家已经是今天的家了。然而,要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Terrific New Technologies
·A fashionable smart speaker
The new Amazon Echo smart speaker has the same popular feature as the original—an always listening voice assistant ready to play music and news,set timers and use third-party apps.Only now it’s actually stylish.The $120 speaker comes in different finishes,including fabric and wood.
·A helping hand for parents
10 Suzy Snooze helps babies and kids sleep so parents can catch up on their own sleep.It’s a sound machine and a nightlight.It connects with an app over wi-fi and turns into an audio monitor.If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.It can also let early risers know when it’s OK to get out of bed.Made by Bleep Bleeps,the $249 “smart nightlight” has an adorable little face.
·Safety for ding dongs
Doorbells used to just ring,ding and dong.But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (监视) devices.Rings $249 Video Doorbell Pro can record HD video of your front steps,even at night.It includes motion sensors and two-way audio,so you can yell “get off my lawn” from anywhere.You can also use the app to see what’s going on in front of your house while you’re at work or in the backyard.
·The must-have kitchen gadget
The Instant Pot makes food fast in one pot.The surprise kitchen hit is a combination of pressure cooker,rice cooker,slow cooker and even yogurt maker.It has sensors and settings to make cooking as safe as possible.Starting at $80,an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几款新科技产品。
1.What can Suzy Snooze do for parents
A.Provide sunlight.
B.Play with babies.
C.Comfort crying babies.
D.Remind parents to wake up kids.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.”可知,Suzy Snooze可以帮助父母安抚哭闹的孩子,故选C项。]
2.What is the advantage of the Video Doorbell Pro compared with traditional doorbells
A.It can play HD videos.
B.It can make a sound of ding-dong.
C.It can communicate with the users.
D.It can take on the work of a monitor.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (监视) devices.”可知,专业版视频门铃与传统门铃相比,视频门铃可以承担监视器的工作,故选D项。]
3.Who are most probably interested in the Instant Pot
A.Those who love fast food.
B.Those who enjoy cooking.
C.Those who are busy working.
D.Those who like going camping.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them”可知,忙于工作的人们可能对这种锅感兴趣,故选C项。]
B
Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected the practice of surgery(外科手术).They have reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
One example is “keyhole surgery”,which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient.But in June 2022,surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two joysticks(操纵杆) to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor(癌症肿瘤).“My colleague said that this feels like cheating,” Ansell said to The Guardian.
Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery.Telesurgery,or remote surgery,is the use of technology that allows a surgeon to perform a procedure on a patient not in the same physical location.
Normally,telesurgery relies on a wired connection for fear that a wireless connection drops during surgery.But China has made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.
China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing,a distance totaling nearly 3,000 kilometers,reported CGTN.More recently,a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city,reported China Daily.The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou,Guangdong province,but the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou,Hainan province.
Looking to the future,people hope that remote surgery could become common to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance.Some even believe that robotic systems,combined with AI,could one day surpass(超过) human surgeons.
But,in consideration of current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots,the complete robot takeover of surgery may still have a long way to go.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医疗机器人技术的进步。机器人工具在手术实践中引起了巨大的变化。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求,并使某些手术成为可能。
4.What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show
A.The difficulty of robotic surgery.
B.The progress achieved by robotic tools.
C.The need for advanced 5G technology.
D.The physical challenges surgeons face.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第一段可知,第二段“keyhole surgery”是对第一段的举例,即机器人工具带来的进步,故选B项。]
5.What great achievement has China made in the field of telesurgery
A.Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B.Completing remote eye surgery on humans successfully.
C.Doing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.
D.Conducting the first 5G-based remote operation on rabbits.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第五段“China achieved the first...kilometers,reported CGTN.”可知,中国在远程手术方面实现了第一次基于5G的脑部手术,在三亚的一名外科医生和北京的一名患者之间进行了脑部手术,距离总计近3 000公里,故选C项。]
6.What can be inferred about robots in the medical field
A.They still need improving.
B.They have been widely adopted.
C.They are currently in great demand.
D.They have surpassed human capabilities.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段“But,in consideration of...a long way to go.”可知,机器人运用在医学领域的成本很高,由此可推断,他们的发展还有很长的路要走,还需要不断改善,故选A项。]
7.What is the passage mainly about
A.The benefits of robotic surgery.
B.China’s achievements in surgery.
C.The development in medical robotics.
D.The use of 5G technology in robotic surgery.
答案 C [主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected ...”以及通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了医疗机器人技术的进步,故选C项。]
C
Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.But they’re not talking about deliberately pushing buttons to trigger disaster.They mean accidentally killing ourselves with something that we invent for our benefit.
It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that accidental deaths are increasing in a world that our ancestors made safer for hundreds of years.Our grandparents saw the invention of the automobile,the bulldozer (推土机) and so on,and they made them all safer.However,nowadays,we put a smartphone on every hand,and now more than 1,000 distraction-related crashes happen on our roads every day.Kids and pets die of heatstroke (中暑) inside cars—we are on track to set a new record for hot car deaths.We may not have to worry about AI,but our innovations are quietly outpacing our ability.
We place blind trust in complex systems that reveal little about how they work.It seems that we have superhuman abilities,and consumers seem willing to play along.They drive at a speed of 80 mph with a phone and a cup of coffee,and they are proud of their multitasks.Sure,other people on phones are dangerous,but you can smoothly switch your attention and notice when any emergency occurs,right
When we misjudged a situation in the past,we got immediate feedback.But technology can place the consequences of our missteps at a distance.Delayed reactions,complex chain reactions—these are all part of how technology works.But having adapted to a world of new inventions,we are crazy about driverless cars,seldom stopping to consider what could go wrong later down the road.Worse still,technology is even hacking our feedback system.We get excited when we check our phone while driving.Edith Harbaugh,whose company Launch Darkly specializes in the controlled release of new technology into the wild,pointed out that we’re creating a dangerously unbalanced system of actions and rewards: “We are not given ice creams every time we do something safe.”
So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.The modern world is breaking everything we know about staying safe.If we have any hope of staying alive with the rise of the machines,we are going to need to learn to survive the things we have today.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技巨头们对科技可能带来的危险的警告,指出科技正在威胁人类的安全,并分析了其中的原因。
8.Why is the warning of tech giants mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.To give a definition.
B.To highlight their wisdom.
C.To offer background information.
D.To introduce the topic.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech...not talking about...”和第二段中“However,nowadays,we put a...distraction-related crashes happen...”可知,第一段提到了科技巨头们对科技可能带来的危险的警告,这是为了引出本文要讨论的话题,即科技对人类安全的威胁,故选D项。]
9.Which is NOT the reason why technology is threatening
A.We trust complex systems blindly.
B.We create too many inventions.
C.Our ability cannot keep pace with the innovations.
D.Technology can’t give us feedback immediately.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that...”和“We may not...are quietly outpacing our ability.”可知,我们的创新能力正在超越我们的能力,这是科技威胁人类的原因之一;根据第三段中“We place blind trust in...”可知,我们对复杂系统的盲目信任是科技威胁人类的另一个原因;根据第四段中“When we misjudged a situation...”可知,科技不能立即给我们反馈,这也是科技威胁人类的原因之一。B项“We create too many inventions.”并未在文中提及作为科技威胁人类的原因,故选B项。]
10.If the passage continues,what may be talked about
A.The rise of the machines.
B.The destruction of the world.
C.The measures to deal with the problem.
D.The worries about threatening technology.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“So it is too...the things we have today.”可知,文章最后提到了我们需要学会在现有的条件下生存下去,这暗示着接下来可能会讨论如何应对科技带来的威胁,即解决问题的措施,故选C项。]
11.What is the best title for the text
A.Every Coin Has Two Sides
B.Technology Is Benefiting Us
C.Technology Is Killing Us
D.How Should We Deal with Technology
答案 C [标题归纳题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.”和最后一段“So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.”可知,文章主要讨论了科技对人类安全的威胁,因此最好的标题是“Technology Is Killing Us(科技正在杀死我们)”,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
The age of space exploration started on April 12,1961,when the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans The answer is simple. 1 In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.
Promote the progress of medicine
2 For example,analyzing the effects of zero-gravity (零重力) on blood flow led to many discoveries on how to prevent some heart illnesses.The experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases.
Develop new technologies
The space race has birthed the most technological advancements in the shortest period of time. 3 For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.
Start space tourism
The biggest dream some of us have is being able to take a trip to outer space.However,it is still too expensive to go to space.As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower. 4
Inspire the next generation
Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children. 5 Not only is this good for them as STEM (Science,Technology,Engineering and Mathematics) jobs can secure them a comfortable future,but it also helps humans.
A.Technologies have advanced considerably.
B.It gets students interested in science and technology.
C.Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.
D.These include stepping up cooperation in space exploration.
E.The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.
F.Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.
G.Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索的四大好处。
1.E [根据空格前一句“But why do we go to...deadly to humans ”可知,此处是在提出问题,而空格后一句“In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.”是在回答这个问题,由此可知,空格处应该是在解释为什么我们要去对人类来说危险甚至致命的环境,选项E“The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.”解释了为什么我们要去探索太空,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选E项。]
2.F [根据本文小标题“Promote the progress of medicine”可知,本段是在讲太空探索对医学的影响,选项F“Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.”说明了太空探索能带来一些医疗好处,和本段的语境符合,故选F项。]
3.G [根据空格后一句“For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives...”可知,此处说明的是原本为宇航员开发的技术也应用到了普通人的生活中,G选项“Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.”说明了一些公司为探索太空所带来的技术找到了普通的消费者,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选G项。]
4.C [根据空格前一句“As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.”可知,太空旅行的成本大大降低了,空格处应该说明这会带来什么好处,选项C“Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.”说明很有可能将来我们所有人都可以进行太空旅行,是太空旅行成本降低带来的好处,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选C项。]
5.B [根据空格前一句“Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.”可知,此处是在讲太空探索对孩子们的影响,B选项“It gets students interested in science and technology.”说明了太空探索所激发的好奇心使学生对科学技术感兴趣,也是太空探索对孩子的影响,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选B项。](共87张PPT)
主题语境:人与社会——展望未来
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
大观念之单元话题:本单元为“人与社会”主题语境下对“社会进步与人类文明”的探讨,以“未来智能家居”为主线,介绍了未来智能家居的发展情况,并探讨了科技进步给人类带来的利与弊。通过学习本单元内容,了解科学技术和智能家居对人类生活的影响和意义,能够辩证地思考其利弊。
①assistant / s st nt/ n.助手,助理
②capacity /k p s ti/ n.能力,才能;容量
③analyse / n la z/ v.分析
④regulate / reɡjule t/ v.控制,管理
⑤in contrast 与此相反
⑥fall into the wrong hands 落入坏人之手
⑦agree on 就……达成一致
类文悦读·情境导学
人工智能是人类最伟大的成就还是最大的威胁,你有什么不同的看法
Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT
Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to AI,I’ve got my own super－smart personal assistant① built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her,and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast⑤, my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
Pink_haze
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity② to analyse③ and interpret vast amounts of data,which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
But while super－intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history,if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands⑥,it could also be the most dangerous.However,AI is not going to go away.We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate④ it.One thing I think we all agree on⑦,though,is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!(选自外研版选必三Unit 4)
文本整体理解
内
容
索
引
语篇助解释疑
课时测评作业
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
1.What do the boy,the robot and the universe probably stand for
答案 the boy:
the robot:
the universe:
human beings
science technology
infinite future ahead
2.Read the title and the three subtitles,and answer:
(1)What is the purpose of the passage
To give us an insight into smart homes.
(2)Who is the intended audience
People who are interested in advanced technology.
阅读策略——Identify purpose and audience
识别作者的写作意图及目标读者是阅读过程中的高阶思维活动。读者可以根据文章的主旨要义和体裁来判断作者的写作意图。
根据文章的大标题SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER以及三个小标题Intelligent Controls、Regular Health Checks和No More Disasters,我们可知文章的主旨是从智能控制、定期健康检查和避免意外三个方面介绍智能家居如何使我们未来的生活变得更加轻松。同时,
Step Two:While-reading
结合语篇说明文的体裁,我们不难总结出本文的写作意图是:to inform the readers of the benefits of smart homes (向读者介绍智能家居给未来生活带来的便利与好处)。基于上述分析,结合文章开头的两个问句,我们可以推断本文的目标读者是对与生活相关的科技发展感兴趣的人群。
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
The passage mainly tells us about .
the benefits of smart homes
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.Smart homes will check people’s health regularly.
Para.2 B.Smart homes will prevent serious damage from accidents.
Para.3 C.Intelligent controls in the home system.
Para.4 D.Smart technology will be used widely in the future.
Para.5 E.Smart homes will bring us safe,energysaving and comfortable life in the future.
答案 Para.1 E Para.2 C Para.3 A Para.4 B Para.5 D
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
smart homes
advanced technology
Checking your body weight
preventing serious damage from accidents
fantasy
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What are the technologies used in smart homes
A.Integrated sensors. B.Switches.
C.Knobs. D.Remote controls.
√
2.What will the integrated sensors be used to do
A.To switch off TVs and air conditioners.
B.To remind you when you should start off.
C.To control the home automatically.
D.To tell you when the dinner is ready.
√
3.What will smart homes do when there is damage at home
A.They will fix the problem.
B.They will call a repairman.
C.They will keep constant track of it.
D.They will offer you some information.
√
4.How does the author develop the passage
A.Topic—Arguments—Description.
B.Opinion—Discussions—Explanations.
C.Topic—Supporting examples—Conclusion.
D.Topic—Arguments—Conclusion.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
学会断句:本句是 连接的并列句,在第二个分句中,if you want to change your routine是 从句;and连接两个并列分句you just say aloud what you want和the home system will obey,在第一个并列分句中what you want 是 从句。
so
条件状语
宾语
尝试翻译:
所有的控制都会响应语音命令,所以如果你想改变你的日常生活习惯,你只要大声说出你想要的,家居系统就会遵照执行。
2.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking,or if there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.
学会断句:本句是 句,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information是主句,and连接并列谓语__________和 ,or连接两个并列_____________从句。
复合
detect
provide
条件状语
尝试翻译:
例如,如果水管漏水或发生电线短路,你的智能家居将会探测出来,并给你提供相关的信息。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
In the not－too－distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV 1.___________________ (automatic).These smart homes will keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment 2. (live) in.
automatically
to live
First,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.You will no longer have to think about turning switches 3. and off yourself.Your home will also learn your 4. (day) routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on 5.___________________
instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already 6.______________
on
daily
the
prepared
(prepare) for you.In addition,your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a 7. (warn) to your phone.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something 8. (normal) or if you have a critical illness.What’s more,smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.
warning
abnormal
Many of these new 9. (innovate) are already available and being used in some homes.Nevertheless,it will take some years 10. most new homes begin to use this new technology.
innovations
before
语 篇 助 解 释 疑
SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER
Have you ever forgotten to① lock the door of your house Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off② the TV or computer These kinds of things happen to③ us all the time④,waste resources,and can sometimes lead to⑤ problems.However,in the not－too－distant⑥ future,we will be living in smart homes[1]that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.These smart homes will[2] keep us secure⑦, save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment[3] to live in.
[原文呈现]
[1]此处that引导定语从句;when引导时间状语从句;and连接并列谓语。
[2]此处是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语由形容词充当。此外,keep后的宾语补足语还可以由名词、动词－ing形式、过去分词和介词短语充当。
[3]此处是动词不定式短语作后置定语,修饰environment;由于live是不及物动词,介词in不可省略。
Intelligent Controls⑧
Today,we have to use switches for⑨ our lights,knobs⑩ for our appliances , and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners .In the future,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.
[4]此处the instant意为“一……就……”,是名词短语,可用作连词引导时间状语从句;and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中含有“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
[5]本段中的will be monitoring、will also be checking、will be keeping均是将来进行时。
[6]此处是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语。
[7]句中的两个if引导条件状语从句;or是并列连词,连接两个从句;and连接并列谓语。
[名师圈点]
①forget to do sth 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
②switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等)
switch /swIt / vt.转换;交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变 n.开关;转换器;改变
③(sth) happen to sb(某事)发生在某人身上
④all the time始终,一直
⑤lead to导致;通向
⑥distant / dIst nt/ adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的
not－too－distant为复合形容词,意为“不远的”,相当于near。
⑦secure /sI kj (r)/ adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护
⑧intelligent control 智能控制
intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj.智能的
⑨for (表对象或用途等)给,对
a stick for walking 拐杖
⑩knob /n b/ n.旋钮;球形把手
appliance / plaI ns/ n.电器;器具
remote control遥控器;遥控
remote /rI m t/ adj.远程的;偏远的
air conditioner /k n dI n (r)/ 空调机;空调设备
automatic / t m tIk/ adj.自动的
integrated / IntIɡreItId/ adj. 各部分密切协调的;综合的
integrate / IntIɡreIt/ vi.& vt. (使)合并;成为一体
sensor / sens (r)/ n.传感器;敏感元件
energy－efficient adj.节能的,节约能源的;高能效的
efficient /I fI nt/ adj.效率高的;有功效的
mode /m d/ n.模式;方式;风格
daily routine 日常生活
routine /ru ti n/ n.常规;正常顺序 adj.常规的;日常的
preference / prefr ns/ n.爱好;偏爱
have a preference for... 偏爱……,更喜欢……
instant / Inst nt/ n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的
instantly / nst ntli/ adv.立刻,立即,马上
command /k mɑ nd/ n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制
obey / beI/ vi.& vt.服从;遵守
in addition 此外;另外
warning / w nI / n.警告;警示;先兆
constant / k nst nt/ adj.不断的;重复的;不变的 n.常数;常量
keep track of 记录;追踪;与……保持联系
as well也;同样
early on在初期;早先
abnormal / b n ml/ adj.不正常的;反常的
normal / n m/ adj.正常的,一般的
critical / krItIkl/ adj.严重的;关键的;批判性的
cancer / k ns (r)/ n.癌;癌症;毒瘤
potentially /p ten li/ adv.潜在地;可能地
potential /p ten l/ adj.可能的;潜在的 n.潜力;可能性
leak /li k/ vi.& vt.漏;渗漏;透露 n.漏洞;裂缝;透露
electrical /I lektrIkl/ adj.电的;用电的
wiring / waI rI / n.电线线路;线路系统
wire / waI (r)/ n.电线;金属丝(或线)vt.接通电源;将……连接到
detect /dI tekt/ vt.发现;查明
provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb提供给某人某物
relevant / rel v nt/ adj.有关的;有意义的
catch fire着火
fantasy / f nt si/ n.幻想;想象
innovation / In veI n/ n.创新;创造
available / veIl bl/ adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的
in this sense(in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
nevertheless / nev les/ adv.尽管如此;不过;然而
[参考译文] 智能家居让生活更简单
你忘记过锁你家的门吗 或是,你忘记过关掉电视或电脑吗 这些事情经常发生在我们身上,浪费资源,有时还会带来一些问题。然而,在不久的将来,我们将住进智能家居,当我们外出时,智能家居会为我们锁门,当我们忘记关电视时,智能家居会记得关闭它。这些智能家居将保证我们的安全,为我们节省能源,并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。
智能控制
如今,我们得用开关控制电灯,用旋钮控制电器,用遥控器控制我们的电视和空调。在未来,我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上什么时候离开家,然后自动进入节能模式。你不必再想着自己打开和关闭开关。你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好,所以当你每天晚上到家时,一切都会为你准备好。你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。所有的控制都会响应语音指令,所以如果你想改变你的日常生活习惯,你只要大声说出你想要的,家居系统就会遵照执行。
定期健康检查
此外,你的智能家居将每天监测你的健康状况。例如,你的床会记录你每晚的睡眠情况,也会检查你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题,它会向你的手机发送警告。它也会向你建议更健康的饮食以及如何睡得更好。智能卫生间也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。如果出现不正常的情况,或者你得了癌症之类的重病,它们会提前警告你,并有可能挽救你的生命。
不再有灾难
智能家居将能防止事故造成的严重损失。例如,如果水管漏水或发生电线短路,你的智能家居将会探测出来,并给你提供相关的信息。这样,你就能在你家被水淹没或着火之前解决问题。
这种智能技术并非空想。很多这些新近的创新已经可用并正在一些住宅中使用。从这种意义上来讲,明天的家已经是今天的家了。然而,要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。
课 时 测 评 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Terrific New Technologies
·A fashionable smart speaker
The new Amazon Echo smart speaker has the same popular feature as the original—an always listening voice assistant ready to play music and news,set timers and use third-party apps.Only now it’s actually stylish.The $120 speaker comes in different finishes,including fabric and wood.
·A helping hand for parents
10 Suzy Snooze helps babies and kids sleep so parents can catch up on their own sleep.It’s a sound machine and a nightlight.It connects with an app over wi-fi and turns into an audio monitor.If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.It can also let early risers know when it’s OK to get out of bed.Made by Bleep Bleeps,the $249 “smart nightlight” has an adorable little face.
·Safety for ding dongs
Doorbells used to just ring,ding and dong.But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (监视) devices.Rings $249 Video Doorbell Pro can record HD video of your front steps,even at night.It includes motion sensors and two-way audio,so you can yell “get off my lawn” from anywhere.You can also use the app to see what’s going on in front of your house while you’re at work or in the backyard.
·The must-have kitchen gadget
The Instant Pot makes food fast in one pot.The surprise kitchen hit is a combination of pressure cooker,rice cooker,slow cooker and even yogurt maker.It has sensors and settings to make cooking as safe as possible.Starting at $80,an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几款新科技产品。
1.What can Suzy Snooze do for parents
A.Provide sunlight.
B.Play with babies.
C.Comfort crying babies.
D.Remind parents to wake up kids.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.”可知,Suzy Snooze可以帮助父母安抚哭闹的孩子,故选C项。
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2.What is the advantage of the Video Doorbell Pro compared with traditional doorbells
A.It can play HD videos.
B.It can make a sound of ding-dong.
C.It can communicate with the users.
D.It can take on the work of a monitor.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (监视) devices.”可知,专业版视频门铃与传统门铃相比,视频门铃可以承担监视器的工作,故选D项。
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3.Who are most probably interested in the Instant Pot
A.Those who love fast food.
B.Those who enjoy cooking.
C.Those who are busy working.
D.Those who like going camping.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them”可知,忙于工作的人们可能对这种锅感兴趣,故选C项。
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B
Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected the practice of surgery(外科手术).They have reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
One example is “keyhole surgery”,which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient.But in June 2022,surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two joysticks(操纵杆) to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor(癌症肿瘤).“My colleague said that this feels like cheating,” Ansell said to The Guardian.
Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery.Telesurgery,or remote surgery,is the use of technology that allows a surgeon to perform a procedure on a patient not in the same physical location.
Normally,telesurgery relies on a wired connection for fear that a wireless connection drops during surgery.But China has made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.
China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing,a distance totaling nearly 3,000 kilometers,reported CGTN.More recently,a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city,reported China Daily.The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou,Guangdong province,but the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou,Hainan province.
Looking to the future,people hope that remote surgery could become common to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance.Some even believe that robotic systems,combined with AI,could one day surpass(超过) human surgeons.
But,in consideration of current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots,the complete robot takeover of surgery may still have a long way to go.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医疗机器人技术的进步。机器人工具在手术实践中引起了巨大的变化。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求,并使某些手术成为可能。
4.What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show
A.The difficulty of robotic surgery.
B.The progress achieved by robotic tools.
C.The need for advanced 5G technology.
D.The physical challenges surgeons face.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,第二段“keyhole surgery”是对第一段的举例,即机器人工具带来的进步,故选B项。
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5.What great achievement has China made in the field of telesurgery
A.Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B.Completing remote eye surgery on humans successfully.
C.Doing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.
D.Conducting the first 5G-based remote operation on rabbits.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段“China achieved the first...kilometers,reported CGTN.”可知,中国在远程手术方面实现了第一次基于5G的脑部手术,在三亚的一名外科医生和北京的一名患者之间进行了脑部手术,距离总计近3 000公里,故选C项。
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6.What can be inferred about robots in the medical field
A.They still need improving.
B.They have been widely adopted.
C.They are currently in great demand.
D.They have surpassed human capabilities.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But,in consideration of...a long way to go.”可知,机器人运用在医学领域的成本很高,由此可推断,他们的发展还有很长的路要走,还需要不断改善,故选A项。
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7.What is the passage mainly about
A.The benefits of robotic surgery.
B.China’s achievements in surgery.
C.The development in medical robotics.
D.The use of 5G technology in robotic surgery.
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected ...”以及通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了医疗机器人技术的进步,故选C项。
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C
Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.But they’re not talking about deliberately pushing buttons to trigger disaster.They mean accidentally killing ourselves with something that we invent for our benefit.
It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that accidental deaths are increasing in a world that our ancestors made safer for hundreds of years.Our grandparents saw the invention of the automobile,the bulldozer (推土机) and so on,and they made them all safer. However,nowadays,we put a smartphone on every hand,and now more than 1,000 distraction-related crashes happen on our roads every day.Kids and pets die of heatstroke (中暑) inside cars—we are on track to set a new record for hot car deaths.We may not have to worry about AI,but our innovations are quietly outpacing our ability.
We place blind trust in complex systems that reveal little about how they work.It seems that we have superhuman abilities,and consumers seem willing to play along.They drive at a speed of 80 mph with a phone and a cup of coffee,and they are proud of their multitasks.Sure,other people on phones are dangerous,but you can smoothly switch your attention and notice when any emergency occurs,right
When we misjudged a situation in the past,we got immediate feedback.But technology can place the consequences of our missteps at a distance.Delayed reactions,complex chain reactions—these are all part of how technology works.But having adapted to a world of new inventions,we are crazy about driverless cars,seldom stopping to consider what could go wrong later down the road.Worse still, technology is even hacking our feedback system.We get excited when we check our phone while driving.Edith Harbaugh,whose company Launch Darkly specializes in the controlled release of new technology into the wild,pointed out that we’re creating a dangerously unbalanced system of actions and rewards: “We are not given ice creams every time we do something safe.”
So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.The modern world is breaking everything we know about staying safe.If we have any hope of staying alive with the rise of the machines,we are going to need to learn to survive the things we have today.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技巨头们对科技可能带来的危险的警告,指出科技正在威胁人类的安全,并分析了其中的原因。
8.Why is the warning of tech giants mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.To give a definition. B.To highlight their wisdom.
C.To offer background information. D.To introduce the topic.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech...not talking about...”和第二段中“However,nowadays,we put a...distraction-related crashes happen...”可知,第一段提到了科技巨头们对科技可能带来的危险的警告,这是为了引出本文要讨论的话题,即科技对人类安全的威胁,故选D项。
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9.Which is NOT the reason why technology is threatening
A.We trust complex systems blindly.
B.We create too many inventions.
C.Our ability cannot keep pace with the innovations.
D.Technology can’t give us feedback immediately.
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解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that...”和“We may not...are quietly outpacing our ability.”可知,我们的创新能力正在超越我们的能力,这是科技威胁人类的原因之一;根据第三段中“We place blind trust in...”可知,我们对复杂系统的盲目信任是科技威胁人类的另一个原因;根据第四段中“When we misjudged a situation...”可知,科技不能立即给我们反馈,这也是科技威胁人类的原因之一。B项“We create too many inventions.”并未在文中提及作为科技威胁人类的原因,故选B项。
10.If the passage continues,what may be talked about
A.The rise of the machines.
B.The destruction of the world.
C.The measures to deal with the problem.
D.The worries about threatening technology.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“So it is too...the things we have today.”可知,文章最后提到了我们需要学会在现有的条件下生存下去,这暗示着接下来可能会讨论如何应对科技带来的威胁,即解决问题的措施,故选C项。
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11.What is the best title for the text
A.Every Coin Has Two Sides
B.Technology Is Benefiting Us
C.Technology Is Killing Us
D.How Should We Deal with Technology
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.”和最后一段“So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.”可知,文章主要讨论了科技对人类安全的威胁,因此最好的标题是“Technology Is Killing Us(科技正在杀死我们)”,故选C项。
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Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
The age of space exploration started on April 12,1961,when the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans The answer is simple. 1 In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.
Promote the progress of medicine
2 For example,analyzing the effects of zero-gravity (零重力) on blood flow led to many discoveries on how to prevent some heart illnesses.The experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases.
Develop new technologies
The space race has birthed the most technological advancements in the shortest period of time. 3 For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.
Start space tourism
The biggest dream some of us have is being able to take a trip to outer space.However,it is still too expensive to go to space.As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower. 4
Inspire the next generation
Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children. 5 Not only is this good for them as STEM (Science,Technology,Engineering and Mathematics) jobs can secure them a comfortable future,but it also helps humans.
A.Technologies have advanced considerably.
B.It gets students interested in science and technology.
C.Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.
D.These include stepping up cooperation in space exploration.
E.The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.
F.Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.
G.Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索的四大好处。
1.E [根据空格前一句“But why do we go to...deadly to humans ”可知,此处是在提出问题,而空格后一句“In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.”是在回答这个问题,由此可知,空格处应该是在解释为什么我们要去对人类来说危险甚至致命的环境,选项E“The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.”解释了为什么我们要去探索太空,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选E项。]
2.F [根据本文小标题“Promote the progress of medicine”可知,本段是在讲太空探索对医学的影响,选项F“Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.”说明了太空探索能带来一些医疗好处,和本段的语境符合,故选F项。]
3.G [根据空格后一句“For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives...”可知,此处说明的是原本为宇航员开发的技术也应用到了普通人的生活中,G选项“Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.”说明了一些公司为探索太空所带来的技术找到了普通的消费者,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选G项。]
4.C [根据空格前一句“As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.”可知,太空旅行的成本大大降低了,空格处应该说明这会带来什么好处,选项C“Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.”说明很有可能将来我们所有人都可以进行太空旅行,是太空旅行成本降低带来的好处,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选C项。]
5.B [根据空格前一句“Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.”可知,此处是在讲太空探索对孩子们的影响,B选项“It gets students interested in science and technology.”说明了太空探索所激发的好奇心使学生对科学技术感兴趣,也是太空探索对孩子的影响,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选B项。]
Thanks！
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