Section Ⅳ The Rest of the Unit
[核心单词·练通]
1.style /staIl/ n.方式,特点
2.forwards / f w dz/ adv.向前
3.fashion / f n/ n.时尚
4.entrance / entr ns/ n.进入许可;入口
5.income / I k m/ n.收入;收益
6.label / leIb l/ n.标签,标记 vt.贴标签于
[拓展单词·用活]
1.recognised / rek ɡnaIzd/ adj.公认的;经过检验的→recognise vt.承认;认出→recognition n.认出;认可;承认
2.contribute /k n trIbju t/ vi.& vt.增进;捐献;促成→contribution n.捐献;贡献
3.retire /rI taI / vi.退休;退职→retired adj.退休的→retirement n.退休;引退
4.devotion /dI v n/ n.奉献;忠心→devote vt.献身;专心→devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
5.advanced / d v nst/ adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的→advance n.前进,行进;进步;进展 v.前进,行进
6.reference / ref r ns/ n.推荐信;谈到,提及→refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考
7.faith /feIθ/ n.相信;信任→faithful adj.忠实的;守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地
8.found /fa nd/ vt.创立;创建→founder n.创建者,创办者→foundation n.基础
9.rejection /rI d ek n/ n.嫌弃;拒绝接受→
reject vt.嫌弃;拒绝
10.designer /dI zaIn / n.设计师,设计者→
design n.& v.设计
11.bitterly / bIt li/ adv.痛苦地;愤恨地→
bitter adj.严寒的;味苦的;痛苦的
12.promotion /pr m n/ n.提升,晋升→
promote vt.提升;促销;晋升→promoter n.发起者,赞助者;倡导者
[阅读单词·识记]
1.iron / aI n/ n.铁;熨斗
2.hammer / h m / n.榔头;锤子
3.leadership / li d Ip/ n.领导;领导地位
4.collapse /k l ps/ vi.突然倒下;倒塌
5.discipline / dIsIplIn/ n.自制力 vt.惩罚,处罚
6.bridal / braIdl/ adj.婚礼的;新娘的
[重点短语·再现]
1.take on 接受,接纳;呈现;雇用
2.stand out 突出;显眼
3.retire from 从……退休
4.come back to the top 重回巅峰
5.in urgent need of 急需……
6.be diagnosed with 被诊断出……
7.stick to 坚持
8.be obsessive about 对……着迷
9.set up 成立,建立
10.make it 获得成功
[典型句式·默背]
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.[句型公式] not only...but also...
[教材原句] She is loved not only because of her devotion to her career,but also because of her huge influence on the sport of volleyball.
她倍受爱戴不仅因为她对事业的付出,还因为她对排球运动的巨大影响。
2.[句型公式] 过去分词短语作状语
[教材原句] He had a good job and a life there,but he gave it all up to return home,driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country.
在那里他有一份好工作,生活优裕,但是受为国家做贡献的想法的驱使,他放弃了这一切回到了家乡。
3.[句型公式] 动词 ing形式短语作伴随状语
[教材原句] Even from his hospital bed,he continued his work,writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students.
甚至在病床上,他还继续工作,为同事写推荐信,回复学生的问题。
4.[句型公式] either...or...
[教材原句] Ang Lee,a worldwide famous director,wasn’t successful either as a student or as an actor. 李安,世界知名导演,无论作为学生还是演员,都不是成功的。
1.recognised adj.公认的;经过检验的
教材原文 Lang Ping is one of China’s most recognised athletes.
郎平是中国最为人们所认可的运动员之一。
感知 语言先输入
①He is universally recognised as/to be one of the greatest scientists in the world.
②It is recognised that these stories can relieve our stress and expand our horizons.(新高考Ⅰ卷)
③The city has been built up so fast that it has changed beyond recognition.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be recognised as/to be... 被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出;认识
beyond recognition/out of recognition 认不出来
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①After he retired,he went back to his hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond all recognition (recognise).
②The village,which lay in ruins after the earthquake,was totally beyond/out of recognition.
那个在地震后变成废墟的村庄已面目全非。
③最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。(全国乙卷)
→Online learning has been recognised as/to be an important way to study recently.
→It has been recognised that online learning is an important way to study recently.
2.contribute vi.& vt.增进;捐献;促成;投稿
教材原文 She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty five years and has contributed greatly to the sport,which has made her the most popular figure in China’s volleyball history.
她成为排球明星已经超过35年了,并且为这项运动做出了巨大贡献,这使她成为中国排球史上最受欢迎的人物。
感知 语言先输入
①We contributed 50 thousand yuan to the earthquake fund.
②Besides,making a schedule is a must,for good time arrangement will contribute to our efficiency.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)contribute...to... 把……捐献给……;向……投稿
contribute to 有助于;导致;投稿
(2)contribution n. 捐献;贡献;投稿
make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
[名师指津] 表示“引起;导致”的词语还有:cause、lead to、result in、bring about等。
运用 单句语法填空/完成语段
①Many people make great contributions (contribute) to the development of our country,among whom Zhang Qian stands out particularly.(2023·全国甲卷)
②It was a real effort—everyone contributed something to the success of the project.
③Many people contributed money to the Hope Project,which contributed to many children returning to school.A teacher wrote an article about this and contributed it to a newspaper.
许多人给希望工程捐了钱,使许多孩子重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。
3.retire vi.退休;退职;退出,离开(去安静的地方) vt.(尤指因病)使退职
教材原文 After retiring as an athlete in 1986,she became a successful volleyball coach in the United States and Italy.
1986年作为运动员退役后,她在美国和意大利成为了一名成功的排球教练。
感知 语言先输入
①She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.
②He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)retire from 从……退休/退职
retire as 以……身份退休/退职
(2)retired adj. 退休的;退役的
retirement n. 退休;退役
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①You are sincerely invited to a celebration for Mr.Michael Brown on his retirement (retire).
②Now that I’ve made enough money,I’m going to retire from the firm.
既然我已经挣到了足够的钱,我打算退休离开这家公司了。
③Do you think by the time you retire as a doctor you will be doing this pretty regularly
你认为当你从医生的位置上退休时,你还会经常这样做吗
4.advanced adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的
教材原文 Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme,developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it.
黄大年被任命为中国深地探测项目的首席科学家,他开发了可以穿透地壳的先进相机,这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下对其进行分析。
感知 语言先输入
①The enemy advanced on/towards Rome,and at last conquered it.
②China has made great advances in science and technology in the past decade.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)advance v.前进;促进;预付;提前;提出(想法、理论、计划等) n.前进;进步
advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/某物前进
(2)in advance(=ahead of time) 预先;事先
make an advance/advances in 在……方面取得进步
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The classes are keyed to the needs of advanced (advance) students.
②I’d appreciate it if you could let me know whether you are available or not in advance/ahead of time.(邀请信)
如果您能提前告知我您是否有空,我将不胜感激。
③China has made great advances in science and technology.
中国在科技方面进步很大。
5.faith n.相信;信任
教材原文 He had great faith in the talent of the up and coming generation.
他对未来一代的才能有很大的信心。
感知 语言先输入
①Yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements.
②After repeated failure,he lost faith in himself.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)have/lose faith in 对……有/失去信心
keep/break faith with 信守/违背对……的承诺
(2)faithful adj. 忠实的;守信的
faithfully adv. 忠实地;如实地;诚心诚意地
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She had been faithful (faith) to her promise to guard this secret.
②There are a lot of difficulties in front of us,yet we still have faith in victory.
我们面前有很多困难,然而我们对胜利仍充满信心。
③You cannot expect your friends to trust you if you don’t keep faith with them.
假如你对朋友不守信义,你就不要指望他们会信任你。
6.found vt.创立;创建
教材原文 The late Apple CEO Steve Jobs experienced failure early in his career,when he was fired from the company he had co founded.
已故的苹果首席执行官史蒂夫·乔布斯在其职业生涯的早期经历了失败,当时他被联合创立的公司解雇。
感知 语言先输入
①Founded in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
②The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)found sth on sth 把……建立在……
(be) founded by/in 由……创立/创立于……
(2)founder n. 创建者;创始人
(3)foundation n. 创立;创建
[名师指津]
found 和find 的过去式、过去分词的区别:
found(建立) founded founded
find(发现) found found
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The workers are now beginning to lay the foundation (found) of the new school.
②His theory is founded on facts and experiments.
他的理论建立在事实和实验的基础上。
③The club,which was founded in 2012,is located in the center of the city.
这家俱乐部成立于2012年,位于市中心。
④It is on mutual respect that our friendship is founded.
我们的友谊是建立在互相尊重的基础之上的。
7.label n.标签,标记 vt.贴标签于
教材原文 However,this setback prompted her to set up her own bridal fashion label.
然而,这一挫折促使她建立了自己的新娘时尚品牌。
感知 语言先输入
①When we are going to buy canned food,we must pay attention to a price label on it.
②We grade,measure,evaluate and label countless aspects of every product.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)a price label 价格标签
have/bear a label 有/带有标签
put/place a label on sth 在……上贴标签
(2)label sth 贴标签于某物
label sb/sth (as) sth
(尤指不公平地)把某人/某物称为某物
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There’s a label on the handle with my name and address on it.
②They refuse to market their beers and don’t place labels on their bottles.
他们拒绝将啤酒在市场上交易,也不在酒瓶上贴标签。
③She was labelled as a troublemaker by her classmates,which was unfair.
她被同学们称为捣乱分子,这是不公平的。
[基础语境练]
Ⅰ.单词情景运用(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The house collapsed (倒塌) suddenly and people in it got injured.
2.Suddenly the woman leaned forwards (向前) and fainted,leading to a short chaos.
3.The carpenter told him to hit the very head of the nail with an iron hammer (锤).
4.The chief editor had to retire (退休) from his position because of the enormous pressure.
5.He took up painting when he was 5 and his dream is to become one of famous designers (设计师).
6.The employee complains about his low income / I k m/ occasionally.
7.Students haven’t got used to the teaching style /staIl/ of the professor.
8.Don’t throw away your old clothes;maybe they will come into fashion again.
9.I have a strong faith in the Party and believe we will live a happy life under its leadership.
10.Everything including the entrance,the exit,the dragon on the roof and even the mirrors was preserved well.
Ⅱ.词形转换填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.I have been a faithful (faith) reader of your newspaper for many years.
2.He was one of the founders (found) of the university’s medical faculty.
3.As a soldier,he showed selfless devotion (devote) to duty.
4.The troop was armed with the most advanced (advance) weapons.
5.My opinion hasn’t been well thought out and is only for your reference (refer).
6.These feelings of rejection (reject) still remain.
7.The news of her promotion (promote) went over well with her colleagues.
8.We are bitterly (bitter) upset at what has happened.
9.Qian Xuesen,one of the greatest scientists in China,made great contributions (contribute) to the national defence.
10.In his retirement (retire),he lived a life of ease.
Ⅲ.短语情景运用(每小题1.5分,共9分)
(
stand out
,
be diagnosed with
,
set up
,
in urgent need of
,
take on
,
retire from
)
1.Alliss retired from golf in 1969 and went on to become a successful broadcaster.
2.Yun worked hard in the new company and soon he stood out.
3.Eighteen months ago,he was diagnosed with throat cancer as a result of a lifetime of smoking.
4.We can’t take on any more work—we’re fully stretched as it is.
5.An inquiry was set up to determine the cause of the accident.
6.Now 2.5 million people are in urgent need of water,food,shelter and medical assistance.
Ⅳ.典型句式集训(每小题2分,共10分)
1.Not only have I tried something new,but also it allows me to take on responsibilities.(not only...but also...)
不仅我尝试了新事物,而且它让我能够承担责任。
2.Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty,Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society.(过去分词短语作状语)
作为中国宋代著名的作家和政治家,范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。
3.With a squeaking call,she dived towards me and hovered before my face,looking at me with her bright eyes.(动词 ing形式短语作伴随状语)
她尖叫了一声,扑向我,在我面前盘旋,用明亮的眼睛看着我。
4.Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar,either farm fields or highways,sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.(either...or...)
虽然中西部的风景往往很相似,要么是农田,要么是高速公路,但有时我会在山丘或湖泊中发现独特的特征。
5.From my point of view,it was her mother’s encouragement that helped her build up the confidence and make a change.(强调句型)
在我看来,正是她母亲的鼓励帮助她建立了信心并做出了改变。
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
It’s one of the most common questions adults ask children:what do you want to be when you grow up Although childhood is supposed to be fun,kids also discuss important topics regarding their futures.Now,a new study finds that children who set big goals regarding their future status and education often set themselves up for success as they age.
The findings,published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,are the first to reveal a connection between life goal development and future success in school or the workplace.Rodica Damian,an associate professor of psychology at the University of Houston,and other researchers discovered that as children grow up,their goals naturally begin to change.
However,as some childhood goals fall away,other goals related to a family stay strong.These include being close to relatives,building more friendships or finding a romantic partner,and even becoming more involved in the community or helping others.
During the study,researchers compared how their goals evolved as children moved from adolescence to adulthood and how a person’s goals impacted their success in school and as an employee later on.Overall,a child’s goals focusing on their education and future status were the most consistent predictors of income in adulthood.Simply,when a child dreams big about doing well in school or achieving great success as an adult,these goals accurately paint a picture of how successful these children will be.So,the message is simple:dream big and dream of success,kids! Those goals can drive you to success when you grow up!
“Our work proves a strong connection between a child’s life goals,educational achievement,and future occupational outcomes.This information is valuable for parents and educators who can use it to encourage children to set ambitious goals.Additionally,it helps develop strategies to support individuals in achieving their goals and reaching their full potential,” Damian concludes.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,即儿童设定的关于未来地位和教育的大目标往往会为他们成年后的成功奠定基础。
1.What does the study mainly focus on
A.Why children change their dreams over time.
B.Whether childhood goals relate to future success.
C.How childhood education determines future career.
D.What impact early experiences have on characters.
答案 B [主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Now,a new study finds that...up for success as they age.”以及第二段中“The findings,published in the...in school or the workplace.”可知,这项研究主要关注的是儿童时期的目标是否与未来的成功有关,故选B项。]
2.Which of the following goals remains strong as children grow up
A.Connecting with others.
B.Achieving academic success.
C.Hunting for a high salary job.
D.Improving personal social status.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,as some childhood goals...community or helping others.”可知,随着孩子的成长,与他人建立联系的目标依然强烈,故选A项。]
3.What message does the author convey in paragraph 4
A.Future careers is determined by childhood achievements.
B.Childhood ambition is potentially connected with success.
C.Setting small goals is more beneficial than dreaming big.
D.Adjusting goals can create new opportunities for success.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Overall,a child’s goals focusing...successful these children will be.”可知,作者在第四段传达的信息是,童年的雄心与成功潜在地相关,故选B项。]
4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To summarize learning strategies.
B.To offer suggestions for future studies.
C.To stress the significance of the study.
D.To point out the limitations of the study.
答案 C [写作目的题。根据文章最后一段可知,最后一段的目的是强调这项研究的重要性,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Two seconds were left on the clock,we were down by one point,and I was at the free throw line.If I 1 the first shot,I would take a second shot.If we 2 ,we were out.It was the finals.
I like playing basketball very much,though I’m not a(n) 3 athlete.I started playing basketball in the sixth grade.I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days and my 4 had become very good.In every game I played as hard as I could.I was 5 able to make the team in the eighth grade,and even worked my way up to being a starter.Although I could not run as fast or jump as high as my naturally athletic teammates,that never 6 me.I strongly believed that my effort would 7 .
Now this was my 8 ,all eyes on me.I was a good free throw shooter.I’d 9 thousands of times. 10 ,on that day,on that shot,I missed.I 11 jumped up for the rebound.Someone from the other team 12 it,though,and the game was over.We were out.
After the game,our coach 13 everyone for a great season.Then he turned to me,saying,“Excellent!” And everyone present clapped.
I learned that day that there is no such thing as “your moment”.Who you are does not come down to one success or one 14 .What you do and how hard you work every single day do 15 .
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一场关键的篮球比赛中的经历,尽管最终未能帮助球队获胜,但教练和队友的认可让他意识到,日常的努力和坚持比一时的成败更为重要。
1.A.threw B.recorded
C.made D.demanded
答案 C [根据“I would take a second shot”可知,此处指如果第一次投篮投中,作者就可以投第二次;make the shot“击中,投中”,故选C项。]
2.A.managed B.lost
C.agreed D.succeeded
答案 B [根据“we were out”可知,如果失败就会出局,故选B项。]
3.A.flexible B.determined
C.intelligent D.natural
答案 D [结合“though”表达的让步语气和下文“I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”中作者强调的反复练习可推知,作者喜欢篮球,但不是一个天赋型的运动员,故选D项。]
4.A.shot B.personality
C.will D.shape
答案 A [结合“I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”和下一段中“I was a good free throw shooter.”可知,经过不断练习,作者投篮投得非常好,故选A项。]
5.A.directly B.eventually
C.personally D.equally
答案 B [根据上文“I started playing basketball in the sixth grade.I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”可知,作者六年级时开始打篮球,经过日复一日的练习,最终进入了球队,故选B项。]
6.A.failed B.struck
C.upset D.injured
答案 C [根据“Although I could not run as fast or jump as high as my naturally athletic teammates”和下文“I strongly believed...”可知,作者虽然有不足,但并不感到烦恼,故选C项。]
7.A.pay off B.break out
C.make up D.fall apart
答案 A [结合“I strongly believed that my effort”可知,此处指作者坚信自己的努力会有回报,故选A项。]
8.A.focus B.affair
C.moment D.attempt
答案 C [根据第一段中“Two seconds were left on the clock,we were down by one point,and I was at the free throw line.”以及空后“all eyes on me”可知,在决赛还剩两秒钟时作者站在罚球线上,这一次投篮至关重要,是属于作者的时刻,最后一段中“I learned that day that there is no such thing as ‘your moment’.”也是提示,故选C项。]
9.A.missed B.counted
C.reflected D.practiced
答案 D [根据上文“I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”可知,作者已经练习几千次了,故选D项。]
10.A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
答案 B [上文中作者信心满满,结合下文“on that day,on that shot,I missed”可知,作者没投中,上下文之间有转折关系,故选B项。]
11.A.probably B.blindly
C.finally D.immediately
答案 D [结合语境及“jumped up for the rebound”可知,在比赛的最后时刻,作者应是立即去抢篮板,故选D项。]
12.A.got B.blocked
C.tracked D.moved
答案 A [根据“We were out.”可知,作者的队伍出局了,由此可知,作者没有抢到板,另一个队的人抢到了球,故选A项。]
13.A.admired B.defined
C.praised D.appreciated
答案 C [根据“everyone for a great season”可知,教练称赞了大家,故选C项。]
14.A.survival B.failure
C.honour D.example
答案 B [此处与“success”相对,应用“failure”,故选B项。]
15.A.differ B.happen
C.impact D.matter
答案 D [根据上文“Who you are does not come down to one success or one .”可知,你是谁不能归结为一次成功或一次失败,日常的努力很重要,故选D项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
I have 1. preference for traditional things,but reality has persuade me 2. (use) these words and phrases to describe my daily routine in the future.If I forget to switch off my electrical appliances like my air conditioners and I’m in a 3. (distance) place,my integrated sensors in my smart home system will do it for me instead of remote controls or automatic knobs.These sensors 4. (be) very efficient and send many 5. (command).The home system will obey the orders and give constant warnings until the appliances enter the secure mode.In addition,my smart home can warn me early on whether there is something abnormal or whether I have a critical 6. (ill),like cancer,and 7. (potential) save my life.If something 8. (go) wrong with the electrical structure or the wiring starts leaking electricity,my smart home will detect it and provide me with the relevant information.9. this sense,I will take preventive measures before my home catches fire.10. ,this smart technology is not a fantasy.Many of these innovations are already available and being used in some homes.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来智能家居的功能。
1.a [考查冠词。短语have a preference for表示“偏爱”,用不定冠词,故填a。]
2.to use [考查非谓语动词。短语persuade sb to do sth表示“说服某人做某事”,use用不定式形式,故填to use。]
3.distant [考查词性转换。修饰名词place应用形容词作定语,故填distant。]
4.are [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为sensors,系动词用复数形式,故填are。]
5.commands [考查名词的单复数。根据上文many可知,可数名词command应用复数形式,故填commands。]
6.illness [考查词性转换。空处作宾语,根据不定冠词可知用单数名词,故填illness。]
7.potentially [考查词性转换。空处修饰动词save应用副词作状语,故填potentially。]
8.goes [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。条件状语从句中,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,主语为something,谓语用单数形式,故填goes。]
9.In [考查介词。短语in this sense表示“在这个意义上”,首字母大写,故填In。]
10.However [考查副词。结合前后文语境可知该句与上文为转折关系,且有逗号隔开,应用副词however,首字母大写,故填However。](共77张PPT)
Section Ⅳ The Rest of the Unit
内
容
索
引
必备知识自测
核心考点突破
课时测评作业
必 备 知 识 自 测
[核心单词·练通]
1. /staIl/ n.方式,特点
2. / f w dz/ adv.向前
3. / f n/ n.时尚
4. / entr ns/ n.进入许可;入口
5. / I k m/ n.收入;收益
6. / leIb l/ n.标签,标记 vt.贴标签于
style
forwards
fashion
entrance
income
label
[拓展单词·用活]
1. / rek ɡnaIzd/ adj.公认的;经过检验的→recognise vt.承认;认出→recognition n.认出;认可;承认
2. /k n trIbju t/ vi.& vt.增进;捐献;促成→contribution n.捐献;贡献
3. /rI taI / vi.退休;退职→ retired adj.退休的→retirement n.退休;引退
4. /dI v n/ n.奉献;忠心→devote vt.献身;专心→devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
recognised
contribute
retire
devotion
5. / d va nst/ adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的→advance n.前进,行进;进步;进展 v.前进,行进
6. / ref r ns/ n.推荐信;谈到, 提及→refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考
7. /feIθ/ n.相信;信任→faithful adj.忠实的;守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地
8. /fa nd/ vt.创立;创建→founder n.创建者,创办者→foundation n.基础
advanced
reference
faith
found
9. /rI d ek n/ n.嫌弃;拒绝接受→reject vt.嫌弃;拒绝
10. /dI zaIn / n.设计师,设计者→design n.& v.设计
11. / bIt li/ adv.痛苦地;愤恨地→bitter adj.严寒的;味苦的;痛苦的
12. /pr m n/ n.提升,晋升→promote vt.提升;促销;晋升→promoter n.发起者,赞助者;倡导者
rejection
designer
bitterly
promotion
[阅读单词·识记]
1.iron / aI n/ n.
2.hammer / h m / n.
3.leadership / li d Ip/ n.
4.collapse /k l ps/ vi.
5.discipline / dIsIplIn/ n.
vt.
6.bridal / braIdl/ adj.
铁;熨斗
榔头;锤子
领导;领导地位
突然倒下;倒塌
自制力
惩罚,处罚
婚礼的;新娘的
[重点短语·再现]
1. 接受,接纳;呈现;雇用
2. 突出;显眼
3. 从……退休
4. 重回巅峰
5. 急需……
6. 被诊断出……
take on
stand out
retire from
come back to the top
in urgent need of
be diagnosed with
7.stick to
8.be obsessive about
9.set up
10.make it
坚持
对……着迷
成立,建立
获得成功
[典型句式·默背]
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.[句型公式] not only...but also...
[教材原句] She is loved .
她倍受爱戴不仅因为她对事业的付出,还因为她对排球运动的巨大影响。
not only because of her devotion to
her career,but also because of her huge influence on the sport of volleyball
2.[句型公式] 过去分词短语作状语
[教材原句] He had a good job and a life there,but he gave it all up to return home,
.
在那里他有一份好工作,生活优裕,但是受为国家做贡献的想法的驱使,他放弃了这一切回到了家乡。
driven by the idea that he needed to contribute
to his country
3.[句型公式] 动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语
[教材原句] Even from his hospital bed,he continued his work,
.
甚至在病床上,他还继续工作,为同事写推荐信,回复学生的问题。
writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying
to questions from his students
4.[句型公式] either...or...
[教材原句] Ang Lee,a worldwide-famous director,wasn’t
successful .
李安,世界知名导演,无论作为学生还是演员,都不是成功的。
either as a student or as an actor
核 心 考 点 突 破
1.recognised adj.公认的;经过检验的
教材原文 Lang Ping is one of China’s most recognised athletes.
郎平是中国最为人们所认可的运动员之一。
感知 语言先输入
①He is universally recognised as/to be one of the greatest scientists in the world.
②It is recognised that these stories can relieve our stress and expand our horizons.(新高考Ⅰ卷)
③The city has been built up so fast that it has changed beyond recognition.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be recognised as/to be... 被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出;认识
beyond recognition/out of recognition 认不出来
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①After he retired,he went back to his hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond all (recognise).
②The village,which lay in ruins after the earthquake,
.
那个在地震后变成废墟的村庄已面目全非。
recognition
was totally beyond/out of recognition
③最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。(全国乙卷)
→Online learning
an important way to study recently.
→ online learning
is an important way to study recently.
has been recognised as/to be
It has been recognised that
2.contribute vi.& vt.增进;捐献;促成;投稿
教材原文 She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport,which has made her the most popular figure in China’s volleyball history.
她成为排球明星已经超过35年了,并且为这项运动做出了巨大贡献,这使她成为中国排球史上最受欢迎的人物。
感知 语言先输入
①We contributed 50 thousand yuan to the earthquake fund.
②Besides,making a schedule is a must,for good time arrangement will contribute to our efficiency.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)contribute...to... 把……捐献给……;向……投稿
contribute to 有助于;导致;投稿
(2)contribution n. 捐献;贡献;投稿
make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
[名师指津] 表示“引起;导致”的词语还有:cause、lead to、result in、bring about等。
运用 单句语法填空/完成语段
①Many people make great (contribute) to the development of our country,among whom Zhang Qian stands out particularly.(2023·全国甲卷)
②It was a real effort—everyone contributed something ____________
the success of the project.
contributions
to
③Many people the Hope Project,which
many children returning to school.A teacher wrote an article about this and .
许多人给希望工程捐了钱,使许多孩子重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。
contributed money to
contributed to
contributed it to a newspaper
3.retire vi.退休;退职;退出,离开(去安静的地方) vt.(尤指因病)使退职
教材原文 After retiring as an athlete in 1986,she became a successful volleyball coach in the United States and Italy.
1986年作为运动员退役后,她在美国和意大利成为了一名成功的排球教练。
感知 语言先输入
①She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.
②He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)retire from 从……退休/退职
retire as 以……身份退休/退职
(2)retired adj. 退休的;退役的
retirement n. 退休;退役
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①You are sincerely invited to a celebration for Mr.Michael Brown on his (retire).
②Now that I’ve made enough money,I’m going to
.
既然我已经挣到了足够的钱,我打算退休离开这家公司了。
③Do you think by the time you
you will be doing this pretty regularly
你认为当你从医生的位置上退休时,你还会经常这样做吗
retirement
retire from the firm
retire as a doctor
4.advanced adj.先进的;高级的;晚期的
教材原文 Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme,developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it.
黄大年被任命为中国深地探测项目的首席科学家,他开发了可以穿透地壳的先进相机,这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下对其进行分析。
感知 语言先输入
①The enemy advanced on/towards Rome,and at last conquered it.
②China has made great advances in science and technology in the past decade.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)advance v.前进;促进;预付;提前;提出(想法、理论、计划等)
n.前进;进步
advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/某物前进
(2)in advance(=ahead of time) 预先;事先
make an advance/advances in 在……方面取得进步
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The classes are keyed to the needs of (advance) students.
②I’d appreciate it if you could let me know
.(邀请信)
如果您能提前告知我您是否有空,我将不胜感激。
③China
and technology.
中国在科技方面进步很大。
advanced
whether you are available or not in advance/ahead of time
has made great advances in science
5.faith n.相信;信任
教材原文 He had great faith in the talent of the up-and-coming generation.
他对未来一代的才能有很大的信心。
感知 语言先输入
①Yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements.
②After repeated failure,he lost faith in himself.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)have/lose faith in 对……有/失去信心
keep/break faith with 信守/违背对……的承诺
(2)faithful adj. 忠实的;守信的
faithfully adv. 忠实地;如实地;诚心诚意地
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She had been (faith) to her promise to guard this secret.
②There are a lot of difficulties in front of us,yet we still
.
我们面前有很多困难,然而我们对胜利仍充满信心。
③You cannot expect your friends to trust you if you don’t
.
假如你对朋友不守信义,你就不要指望他们会信任你。
faithful
have faith in victory
keep faith with them
6.found vt.创立;创建
教材原文 The late Apple CEO Steve Jobs experienced failure early in his career,when he was fired from the company he had co-founded.
已故的苹果首席执行官史蒂夫·乔布斯在其职业生涯的早期经历了失败,当时他被联合创立的公司解雇。
感知 语言先输入
①Founded in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
②The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)found sth on sth 把……建立在……
(be) founded by/in 由……创立/创立于……
(2)founder n. 创建者;创始人
(3)foundation n. 创立;创建
[名师指津]
found 和find 的过去式、过去分词的区别:
found(建立)-founded-founded
find(发现)-found-found
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The workers are now beginning to lay the (found) of the new school.
②His theory and experiments.
他的理论建立在事实和实验的基础上。
③The club, ,
is located in the center of the city.
这家俱乐部成立于2012年,位于市中心。
foundation
is founded on facts
which was founded in 2012
④It is on mutual respect that .
我们的友谊是建立在互相尊重的基础之上的。
our friendship is founded
7.label n.标签,标记 vt.贴标签于
教材原文 However,this setback prompted her to set up her own bridal fashion label.
然而,这一挫折促使她建立了自己的新娘时尚品牌。
感知 语言先输入
①When we are going to buy canned food,we must pay attention to a price label on it.
②We grade,measure,evaluate and label countless aspects of every product.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)a price label 价格标签
have/bear a label 有/带有标签
put/place a label on sth 在……上贴标签
(2)label sth 贴标签于某物
label sb/sth (as) sth (尤指不公平地)把某人/某物称为某物
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There’s a label the handle with my name and address on it.
②They refuse to market their beers and don’t
.
他们拒绝将啤酒在市场上交易,也不在酒瓶上贴标签。
③She by her classmates,which was unfair.
她被同学们称为捣乱分子,这是不公平的。
on
place labels on their bottles
was labelled as a troublemaker
课 时 测 评 作 业
基础语境练
素能提升练
Ⅰ.单词情景运用(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The house (倒塌) suddenly and people in it got injured.
2.Suddenly the woman leaned (向前) and fainted, leading to a short chaos.
3.The carpenter told him to hit the very head of the nail with an iron
(锤).
collapsed
forwards
hammer
4.The chief editor had to (退休) from his position because of the enormous pressure.
5.He took up painting when he was 5 and his dream is to become one of famous (设计师).
6.The employee complains about his low / I k m/ occasionally.
7.Students haven’t got used to the teaching /staIl/ of the professor.
retire
designers
income
style
8.Don’t throw away your old clothes;maybe they will come into
f again.
9.I have a strong f in the Party and believe we will live a happy life under its leadership.
10.Everything including the e ,the exit,the dragon on the roof and even the mirrors was preserved well.
ashion
aith
ntrance
Ⅱ.词形转换填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.I have been a (faith) reader of your newspaper for many years.
2.He was one of the (found) of the university’s medical faculty.
3.As a soldier,he showed selfless (devote) to duty.
4.The troop was armed with the most (advance) weapons.
faithful
founders
devotion
advanced
5.My opinion hasn’t been well thought out and is only for your
(refer).
6.These feelings of (reject) still remain.
7.The news of her (promote) went over well with her colleagues.
8.We are (bitter) upset at what has happened.
9.Qian Xuesen,one of the greatest scientists in China,made great
(contribute) to the national defence.
10.In his (retire),he lived a life of ease.
reference
rejection
promotion
bitterly
contributions
retirement
Ⅲ.短语情景运用(每小题1.5分,共9分)
stand out,be diagnosed with,set up,in urgent need of,take on,retire from
1.Alliss golf in 1969 and went on to become a successful broadcaster.
2.Yun worked hard in the new company and soon he .
3.Eighteen months ago,he throat cancer as a result of a lifetime of smoking.
retired from
stood out
was diagnosed with
4.We can’t any more work—we’re fully stretched as it is.
5.An inquiry was to determine the cause of the accident.
6.Now 2.5 million people are water,food,shelter and medical assistance.
take on
set up
in urgent need of
Ⅳ.典型句式集训(每小题2分,共10分)
1.
it allows me to take on responsibilities.(not only...but also...)
不仅我尝试了新事物,而且它让我能够承担责任。
2. ,
Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society.(过去分词短语作状语)
作为中国宋代著名的作家和政治家,范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。
Not only have I tried something new,but also
Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty
3.With a squeaking call,she dived towards me and hovered before my face, .
(动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语)
她尖叫了一声,扑向我,在我面前盘旋,用明亮的眼睛看着我。
4.Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar,
,sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.(either...or...)
虽然中西部的风景往往很相似,要么是农田,要么是高速公路,但有时我会在山丘或湖泊中发现独特的特征。
looking at me with her bright eyes
either farm fields or highways
5.From my point of view,
and make a change.(强调句型)
在我看来,正是她母亲的鼓励帮助她建立了信心并做出了改变。
it was her mother’s encouragement
that helped her build up the confidence
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
It’s one of the most common questions adults ask children:what do you want to be when you grow up Although childhood is supposed to be fun,kids also discuss important topics regarding their futures. Now,a new study finds that children who set big goals regarding their future status and education often set themselves up for success as they age.
The findings,published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,are the first to reveal a connection between life goal development and future success in school or the workplace.Rodica Damian,an associate professor of psychology at the University of Houston,and other researchers discovered that as children grow up,their goals naturally begin to change.
However,as some childhood goals fall away,other goals related to a family stay strong.These include being close to relatives,building more friendships or finding a romantic partner,and even becoming more involved in the community or helping others.
During the study,researchers compared how their goals evolved as children moved from adolescence to adulthood and how a person’s goals impacted their success in school and as an employee later on.Overall,a child’s goals focusing on their education and future status were the most consistent predictors of income in adulthood. Simply,when a child dreams big about doing well in school or achieving great success as an adult,these goals accurately paint a picture of how successful these children will be.So,the message is simple:dream big and dream of success,kids! Those goals can drive you to success when you grow up!
“Our work proves a strong connection between a child’s life goals,educational achievement,and future occupational outcomes.This information is valuable for parents and educators who can use it to encourage children to set ambitious goals.Additionally,it helps develop strategies to support individuals in achieving their goals and reaching their full potential,” Damian concludes.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,即儿童设定的关于未来地位和教育的大目标往往会为他们成年后的成功奠定基础。
1.What does the study mainly focus on
A.Why children change their dreams over time.
B.Whether childhood goals relate to future success.
C.How childhood education determines future career.
D.What impact early experiences have on characters.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Now,a new study finds that...up for success as they age.”以及第二段中“The findings,published in the...in school or the workplace.”可知,这项研究主要关注的是儿童时期的目标是否与未来的成功有关,故选B项。
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2.Which of the following goals remains strong as children grow up
A.Connecting with others.
B.Achieving academic success.
C.Hunting for a high-salary job.
D.Improving personal social status.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,as some childhood goals...community or helping others.”可知,随着孩子的成长,与他人建立联系的目标依然强烈,故选A项。
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3.What message does the author convey in paragraph 4
A.Future careers is determined by childhood achievements.
B.Childhood ambition is potentially connected with success.
C.Setting small goals is more beneficial than dreaming big.
D.Adjusting goals can create new opportunities for success.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Overall,a child’s goals focusing...successful these children will be.”可知,作者在第四段传达的信息是,童年的雄心与成功潜在地相关,故选B项。
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4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To summarize learning strategies.
B.To offer suggestions for future studies.
C.To stress the significance of the study.
D.To point out the limitations of the study.
解析 写作目的题。根据文章最后一段可知,最后一段的目的是强调这项研究的重要性,故选C项。
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Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Two seconds were left on the clock,we were down by one point,and I was at the free-throw line.If I 1 the first shot,I would take a second shot.If we 2 ,we were out.It was the finals.
I like playing basketball very much,though I’m not a(n) 3 athlete.I started playing basketball in the sixth grade.I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days and my 4 had become very good.In every game I played as hard as I could.I was 5 able to make the team in the eighth grade,and even worked my way up to being a starter.Although I could not run as fast or jump as high as my naturally athletic teammates,that never 6 me.I strongly believed that my effort would 7 .
Now this was my 8 ,all eyes on me.I was a good free-throw shooter.I’d 9 thousands of times. 10 ,on that day,on that shot,I missed.I 11 jumped up for the rebound.Someone from the other team 12 it,though,and the game was over.We were out.
After the game,our coach 13 everyone for a great season. Then he turned to me,saying,“Excellent!” And everyone present clapped.
I learned that day that there is no such thing as “your moment”. Who you are does not come down to one success or one 14 .What you do and how hard you work every single day do 15 .
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一场关键的篮球比赛中的经历,尽管最终未能帮助球队获胜,但教练和队友的认可让他意识到,日常的努力和坚持比一时的成败更为重要。
1.A.threw B.recorded C.made D.demanded
解析 根据“I would take a second shot”可知,此处指如果第一次投篮投中,作者就可以投第二次;make the shot“击中,投中”,故选C项。
2.A.managed B.lost C.agreed D.succeeded
解析 根据“we were out”可知,如果失败就会出局,故选B项。
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3.A.flexible B.determined C.intelligent D.natural
解析 结合“though”表达的让步语气和下文“I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”中作者强调的反复练习可推知,作者喜欢篮球,但不是一个天赋型的运动员,故选D项。
4.A.shot B.personality C.will D.shape
解析 结合“I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”和下一段中“I was a good free-throw shooter.”可知,经过不断练习,作者投篮投得非常好,故选A项。
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5.A.directly B.eventually C.personally D.equally
解析 根据上文“I started playing basketball in the sixth grade.I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”可知,作者六年级时开始打篮球,经过日复一日的练习,最终进入了球队,故选B项。
6.A.failed B.struck C.upset D.injured
解析 根据“Although I could not run as fast or jump as high as my naturally athletic teammates”和下文“I strongly believed...”可知,作者虽然有不足,但并不感到烦恼,故选C项。
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7.A.pay off B.break out C.make up D.fall apart
解析 结合“I strongly believed that my effort”可知,此处指作者坚信自己的努力会有回报,故选A项。
8.A.focus B.affair C.moment D.attempt
解析 根据第一段中“Two seconds were left on the clock,we were down by one point,and I was at the free-throw line.”以及空后“all eyes on me”可知,在决赛还剩两秒钟时作者站在罚球线上,这一次投篮至关重要,是属于作者的时刻,最后一段中“I learned that day that there is no such thing as ‘your moment’.”也是提示,故选C项。
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9.A.missed B.counted C.reflected D.practiced
解析 根据上文“I practiced outside for hours and hours,days and days”可知,作者已经练习几千次了,故选D项。
10.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise
解析 上文中作者信心满满,结合下文“on that day,on that shot,I missed”可知,作者没投中,上下文之间有转折关系,故选B项。
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11.A.probably B.blindly C.finally D.immediately
解析 结合语境及“jumped up for the rebound”可知,在比赛的最后时刻,作者应是立即去抢篮板,故选D项。
12.A.got B.blocked C.tracked D.moved
解析 根据“We were out.”可知,作者的队伍出局了,由此可知,作者没有抢到板,另一个队的人抢到了球,故选A项。
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13.A.admired B.defined C.praised D.appreciated
解析 根据“everyone for a great season”可知,教练称赞了大家,故选C项。
14.A.survival B.failure C.honour D.example
解析 此处与“success”相对,应用“failure”,故选B项。
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15.A.differ B.happen C.impact D.matter
解析 根据上文“Who you are does not come down to one success or one .”可知,你是谁不能归结为一次成功或一次失败,日常的努力很重要,故选D项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
I have 1. preference for traditional things,but reality has persuade me 2. (use) these words and phrases to describe my daily routine in the future.If I forget to switch off my electrical appliances like my air conditioners and I’m in a 3.__________ (distance) place,my integrated sensors in my smart home system will do it for me instead of remote controls or automatic knobs.These sensors 4. (be) very efficient and send many
5. (command).The home system will obey the orders and give constant warnings until the appliances enter the secure mode.In addition,my smart home can warn me early on whether there is something abnormal or whether I have a critical 6. (ill), like cancer,and 7. (potential) save my life.If something 8.__________ (go) wrong with the electrical structure or the wiring starts leaking electricity,my smart home will detect it and provide me
with the relevant information.9. this sense,I will take preventive measures before my home catches fire.10. , this smart technology is not a fantasy.Many of these innovations are already available and being used in some homes.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来智能家居的功能。
1.a [考查冠词。短语have a preference for表示“偏爱”,用不定冠词,故填a。]
2.to use [考查非谓语动词。短语persuade sb to do sth表示“说服某人做某事”,use用不定式形式,故填to use。]
3.distant [考查词性转换。修饰名词place应用形容词作定语,故填distant。]
4.are [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为sensors,系动词用复数形式,故填are。]
5.commands [考查名词的单复数。根据上文many可知,可数名词command应用复数形式,故填commands。]
6.illness [考查词性转换。空处作宾语,根据不定冠词可知用单数名词,故填illness。]
7.potentially [考查词性转换。空处修饰动词save应用副词作状语,故填potentially。]
8.goes [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。条件状语从句中,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,主语为something,谓语用单数形式,故填goes。]
9.In [考查介词。短语in this sense表示“在这个意义上”,首字母大写,故填In。]
10.However [考查副词。结合前后文语境可知该句与上文为转折关系,且有逗号隔开,应用副词however,首字母大写,故填However。]
