Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
Grammar——现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态的基本用法
[先感知]
①This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre!(外研必三U4)
本次直播地点是地球上最大的博物馆之一——卢浮宫!
②These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable.(人教必二U2)
这些大型动物被非法捕杀,因为人们觉得它们的身体部位很值钱。
③The telephone isn’t being used now,so you can use it.
电话现在没有被使用,所以你可以使用它了。
④Is the date for the next meeting being discussed now
现在正在讨论下次会议的日期吗
⑤Who is hunting the kangaroos Where are they being hunted (人教必二U2)
谁在猎杀袋鼠 它们在哪里被猎杀
[会发现]
句①和句②为现在进行时的被动语态的肯定式
句③为现在进行时的被动语态的否定式
句④为现在进行时的被动语态的一般疑问式
句⑤为现在进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问式
[明规则]
(一)现在进行时的被动语态的结构
肯定式 be (am/is/are) being done
否定式 be (am/is/are) not being done
一般疑问式 Be (am/is/are)(not)+主语+being done
特殊疑问式 疑问词+be (am/is/are)(not)+主语+being done
(二)现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常有now、at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is now being interviewed.
我妹妹现在正在接受采访。
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
这些动物正以如此速度被捕杀,它们很快就会消失。
3.表示习惯性的被动行为,常与always、constantly、often等词连用,有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
Tom is always being praised by the teacher.
汤姆总是被老师表扬。
4.与某些情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯正在做什么吗
——他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
[名师指津]
(1)stay、love、have、want、belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
(2)“be+under/in等介词+名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.=The telephone is being used.电话正在使用中。
[再运用] 完成句子
1.I’m working at home today because my office is being painted.
我今天在家工作,因为我的办公室正在被粉刷。
2.Right now,the deer are being watched over by many volunteers.
现在,许多志愿者正在照看这些鹿。
3.It is reported that living spaces for wildlife are being reduced due to the cutting of trees.
据报道,由于砍伐树木,野生动物的生存空间正在缩小。
4.What do you know is being done in your neighbourhood to protect animals and plants
你知道你的社区正在采取什么措施来保护动植物吗
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态的基本用法
[先感知]
①Imagine you have been invited by your junior secondary school to give an English speech to the graduating students.(北师必一U3)
想象一下,你的初中学校邀请你给即将毕业的学生做一个英语演讲。
②The plan for this weekend has not been made.(人教必三U3)
这周的计划还没有做。
③Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you (人教必二U3)
Wi-Fi密码是否已由您确认
④How have we been changed by the Internet
互联网是如何改变我们的
[会发现]
句①为现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式
句②为现在完成时的被动语态的否定式
句③为现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问式
句④为现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问式
[明规则]
(一)现在完成时的被动语态的结构
肯定式 主语+have/has been done
否定式 主语+have/has not been done
一般疑问式 Have/Has(not)+主语+been done
特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+(not)been done
(二)现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的被动动作对现在的影响或结果,通常与already、yet、just、never、recently等副词连用。
The machine has already been repaired.
机器已经被修好了。
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long... ”句式中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown
这部电影已经放映多长时间了
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的被动动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。
[名师指津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语:
already已经;yet已经,尚,还;recently/lately最近;since then从那时起;ever since自那以来;ever曾经;so far迄今为止;for a long time很长一段时间;by now到现在为止;in recent years在最近几年里;in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
[再运用] 完成句子
1.It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说这个问题已经被调查过了。
2.People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.(人教必二U3)
人们的生活已经被线上社区和社交网络所改变。
3.Has the button been pressed to copy the file by you
您是否按了复制文件的按钮
1.announce vt.宣布,宣告;通知
·announcement n.通告;宣告 ·announcer n.宣告者;播音员
教材原文 We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again!
我们很高兴地宣布,社区体育中心将很快再次向公众开放!
感知 语言先输入
①The principal announced to/make an announcement to the students that the school would be closed for a week.
校长向学生们宣布学校将关闭一周。
②It was announced that the annual sports day would take place next month,exciting everyone. 据宣布,年度运动会将于下个月举行,令每个人都感到兴奋。
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)announce (sth) to sb 向某人宣布(某事)
It is announced that... 据宣布/通知……
(2)make an announcement to sb 向某人发表声明
[名师指津] 若要表达“向某人宣布某事”时,要用announce sth to sb,类似用法的动词还有:suggest,explain,report等。
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①An announcement (announce) was made that the amusement park would be closed.
②The manager will announce the results to the team after the meeting concludes.
经理将在会议结束后向团队宣布结果。
③It is announced that the concert has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances.
据通知,音乐会因不可预见的情况已被推迟。
2.replace vt.用……替换;代替,取代;更换,更新 ·replacement n.替代品;接替者;替换
教材原文 In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
为了满足公众的喜好,我们的有氧运动课程已经停开,取而代之的是一些有趣的课程,包括现代舞。
感知 语言先输入
①In place of the old manager,a new leader was appointed to guide the team through challenges.
新经理被任命以取代旧经理,引导团队应对挑战。
②It is essential to replace unhealthy habits with healthier ones for a better lifestyle.
用更健康的习惯替代不健康的习惯对改善生活方式至关重要。
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)replace sb/sth=take the place of sb/sth 取代某人/某物
replace...with... 用……替换……
(2)in place of sb/sth=in sb’s/sth’s place 取代,代替某人/某物
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It is difficult to find a new replacement(replace) for this cure.
②The technician will replace the broken part with a new one during the repair process.
③我将代替你们的老师给你们上课。
→I will replace your teacher to give lessons to you.(replace v.)
→I will take the place of your teacher to give lessons to you.(place n.)
④经过一番激烈的讨论,我们同意制作一段视频来代替相册。
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video in place of an album.
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video to take the place of an album.
3.in response to对……作出反应;作为对……的回复
教材原文 In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
为了满足公众的喜好,我们的有氧运动课程已经停开,取而代之的是一些有趣的课程,包括现代舞。
感知 语言先输入
①In response to the recent events,the organization issued a statement to clarify its position on the matter.
针对最近的事件,该组织发表声明以澄清其立场。
②The teacher made a response to the students’ questions,ensuring everyone understood the topic. 老师对学生的问题作出了回应,确保每个人都理解了主题。
记牢 知识再梳理
make a response to=respond to... 对……作出反应/回答
make no response (to) (对……)未作出回应
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①She made a response(respond) to my praise with a smile.
②The company made a response/responded to customer feedback by improving their product quality and service.
公司通过提高产品质量和服务来回应客户的反馈。
③让我生气的是,她没有回复我的信件。
→To my anger,she didn’t respond to my letter.(respond)
→To my anger,she made no response to/didn’t make a response to my letter.(response)
4.句型公式:“疑问词+不定式”结构
教材原文 To be honest though,I don’t know how to make exercise a regular part of my life.
不过,老实说,我不知道如何让锻炼成为我生活当中有规律的一部分。
感知 语言先输入
①What to do when you feel overwhelmed by stress is a common question among students.
当你感到压力过大时,该做什么是学生们常问的问题。
②Where to find the best resources for studying is essential for academic success.
在哪里找到最佳学习资源对学业成功至关重要。
记牢 知识再梳理
句中how to make exercise a regular part of my life为“疑问词+不定式”结构,在句中作宾语。
(1)“疑问词+不定式”结构中的特殊疑问词主要有when,where,what,which,who及how等连接词;
(2)“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,用作宾语的情况比较多,尤其是用在advise,ask,consider,decide,discuss,explain,forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,tell,wonder等动词后面;
(3)特殊疑问词与构成不定式的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义;
(4)该结构作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式;
(5)该结构常常可以转换成相应的名词性从句。
运用 完成句子
①Knowing how to improve your communication skills can greatly enhance your career prospects. 知道如何提高你的沟通技巧可以大大提升你的职业前景。
②When to start preparing for exams is crucial for effective time management.
何时开始准备考试对有效的时间管理至关重要。
③Why to choose this particular method for solving the problem is often debated among experts.
专家们常就为什么选择这种特定的方法来解决问题而展开争论。
[基础语境练]
维度一 基础题——用所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what is being discussed(discuss) now in the secret room.
2.More than 100 famous films have been shown(show) in the city since July.
3.My watch doesn’t work.It is being repaired(repair) in the factory now.
4.It is the first time that the old computer has been checked(check) since I bought it.
5.Wait for a minute.The dishes for dinner are being cooked(cook) in the kitchen.
6.This dictionary is being used(use) at the moment,so I can’t lend it to you now.
7.Paper money has been used(use) for over one thousand years.
8.As you can see,many trees are being cut(cut) down by humans now.
9.Many new things have been invented(invent) in the last ten years.
10.To our relief,up to now the injured in the crash have been carried(carry) to the nearby hospital.
维度二 语法与写作——同义句转换(每小题2分,共10分)
1.At the moment people are carrying out further research into the virus.
→At the moment further research into the virus is being carried out.
2.Don’t worry! We are taking measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
→Don’t worry!Measures are being taken at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
3.Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is under repair at the garage.
→Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is being repaired at the garage.
4.Our English teacher has already praised us for our devotion to reading.
→We have already been praised by our English teacher for our devotion to reading.
5.We have asked some friends of hers to join us.
→Some friends of hers have been asked to join us.
维度三 语法与语篇——根据汉语提示补全语段(每小题2分,共10分)
As is known to all,waste 1.has become a more and more serious problem(已经成为一个越来越严重的问题).
We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them.Many disposable (一次性的) products 2.are being used (正在被使用) in our daily life.Some good food 3.has been seen everywhere (已经到处可见) in the garbage can.In the office,some equipment 4.has been operated (已经被运行) for a long time but remains unused.What’s worse/Moreover,a great deal of paper 5.has been wasted (已经被浪费了).
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2025·镇江市高一上期末)
There’s more evidence that what’s good for your heart is good for your head.A new study shows that people who run,swim or do other moderate intensity (中等强度) exercise have brains that look,on average,10 years younger than the brains of couch potatoes.
“Our study showed that for older people,getting moderate intensity exercise may be protective,helping them keep their brains work better,” said Dr.Clinton Wright of the University of Miami,who led the study.But it’s not necessarily easy.Walking,golf,bowling and yoga don’t count,and people need to start before they begin showing memory loss,Wright’s team reported in the journal Neurology.
The study of nearly 900 people who exercise regularly showed that 90 percent fell into the low-intensity group.These people are part of a larger group taking part in a bigger study called Northern Manhattan Study.They were asked how long and how often they exercised during the past two weeks.Five years later,they were tested for memory and thinking skills and got a brain MRI (核磁共振).Seven years after that,they took the memory and thinking tests again.The 10 percent who said they took part in moderate intensity exercise scored better on the tests.These included running,climbing,swimming,riding bicycles and so on.
“We found that those with moderate intensity activity had higher scores and slower memory decline (下降) than inactive people when comparing the results,” the study team wrote.
Many studies have shown that exercise may not prevent Alzheimer’s disease but may delay it.The findings fit in with a study that found two years of exercising,eating healthier food and brain training can promote people’s memory function.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现中等强度的锻炼让人的大脑更年轻。
1.What can we learn from the study
A.High-intensity exercise is better.
B.Ten people scored best on the tests.
C.Only 900 people took part in the bigger study.
D.Most people surveyed took low-intensity exercise.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study of nearly...low-intensity group.”可知,在被调查的经常运动的900人中,90%的人属于低强度组,由此可知,被调查的人中大部分进行的是低强度运动,故选D项。]
2.How did the study team come to the conclusion
A.By using examples.
B.By doing a brain MRI.
C.By making a comparison.
D.By observing people exercise.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The 10 percent...bicycles and so on.”可知,从事中等强度运动的10%的被研究对象的得分更高,结合第四段中的“‘We found that those...results,’the study team wrote.”可知,研究发现,与不活跃的人相比,运动适当的人得分更高,记忆力下降得更慢,所以,本文中的研究是通过对比得出研究的结论,故选C项。]
3.What do we know from the last paragraph
A.The findings fit in with the study of healthy food.
B.Exercise can put off the beginning of memory decline.
C.Exercise will definitely strengthen people’s memory.
D.Alzheimer’s disease may be held back by exercise.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据尾段“Many studies have shown...promote people’s memory function.”可知,这一发现与多项研究表明,运动不会阻止阿尔茨海默病的发生,但可以减缓该疾病的发生,还可以促进人们的记忆功能,故选B项。]
4.What’s the main idea of this passage
A.To exercise or not remains to be seen.
B.How to keep healthy is very important.
C.There are many ways to make your brain work better.
D.Moderate intensity exercise keeps your brain younger.
答案 D [主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A new study shows...of couch potatoes.”并结合下文对该项研究的介绍可知,本文介绍的是一项新的研究发现,中等强度的运动可以使人的大脑更年轻,故选D项。]
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·苏州市高一联考期末)
For many years there has been a standing yoga position 1. has been and continues to be one of my favourite sports.It includes balance,trust and support.Each time I take part 2. this practice,I feel a deep sense of connection with all those in the group.And it makes me smile.
Instead of 3. (stand) alone,the class stands in a circle close enough for us to hold hands,with our left palms (手掌) up and right palms down.As a unit,we shift our weight to one foot and pick up 4. other foot.Then slowly we change the hand position so that we are palm to palm.We raise our 5. (arm) above our heads,respecting the reach of the person on either side of us.
A gentle sway (摇摆) may start,and soon we realize we have the support of each person in the circle,trusting them 6. (protect) us from falling.We feel a sense of security,knowing we 7. (support) safely.In time we’re back on our two feet.
8. (eventual),there is a moment of silence for us to absorb the love and support we have received.We stand strong together in community and it is so much 9. (good) than standing alone.Above all,all of us feel 10. (relax) and happy.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了多年来,站立瑜伽一直是作者最喜欢的运动之一。
1.that/which [考查定语从句。句意:多年来,站立瑜伽一直是并将继续是我最喜欢的运动之一。分析句子可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是standing yoga position,关系词在从句中作主语成分,故填that/which。]
2.in [考查介词。句意:每次我参加这个练习,我都感到与小组中的所有人都有很深的联系。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语take part in“参加”,满足句意要求,故填in。]
3.standing [考查非谓语动词。句意:全班同学不是单独站着,而是围成一个圈,让我们手拉手,左手掌心向上,右手掌心向下。根据空前介词of以及提示词为动词可知,此处为动名词形式,构成短语Instead of doing“而不是做某事”,故填standing。]
4.the [考查冠词。句意:作为一个整体,我们把重心转移到一只脚上,然后抬起另一只脚。根据句意以及前面的one foot可知,此处表示“另一只脚”,用the other foot。表示两者中另外一个,所以空前需接定冠词the,故填the。]
5.arms [考查名词的单复数。句意:我们把手臂举过头顶,同时注意放在我们两边的人够得着的地方。根据句意以及句子的主语We及空格前的our可知,此处为名词复数形式,故填arms。]
6.to protect [考查非谓语动词。句意:一种轻缓的摇摆可能会开始,很快我们就会意识到我们得到了圈子里每个人的支持,相信她们会保护我们不掉下去。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语trust sb to do sth“相信某人做某事”,满足句意要求,所以此处为动词不定式形式,故填to protect。]
7.are supported [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:我们感到一种安全感,知道我们得到了安全的支持。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,we和动词support为被动关系,结合前面动词feel可知,此处应为一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词为复数形式,故填are supported。]
8.Eventually [考查词性转换。句意:最后,我们会有片刻的沉默来吸收我们所得到的爱和支持。分析句子可知,此处为单个副词作状语放在句首修饰整个句子,且句首首字母大写,故填Eventually。]
9.better [考查形容词比较级。句意:我们在团体中坚强地站在一起,这比独自一人要好得多。根据该句中的than可知,此处为形容词比较级,故填better。]
10.relaxed [考查词性转换。句意:最重要的是,我们都感到放松和快乐。根据句意以及空前feel系动词可知,此处为修饰人的形容词-ed形式,relaxed“放松的”作表语,满足句意要求,故填relaxed。](共67张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
内
容
索
引
语法知识过关
语言知识精析
课时精练
语 法 知 识 过 关
Grammar——现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态的基本用法
[先感知]
①This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre!(外研必三U4)
本次直播地点是地球上最大的博物馆之一——卢浮宫!
②These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable.(人教必二U2)
这些大型动物被非法捕杀,因为人们觉得它们的身体部位很值钱。
③The telephone isn’t being used now,so you can use it.
电话现在没有被使用,所以你可以使用它了。
④Is the date for the next meeting being discussed now
现在正在讨论下次会议的日期吗
⑤Who is hunting the kangaroos Where are they being hunted
(人教必二U2)
谁在猎杀袋鼠 它们在哪里被猎杀
[会发现]
句①和句②为现在进行时的被动语态的 式
句③为现在进行时的被动语态的 式
句④为现在进行时的被动语态的 式
句⑤为现在进行时的被动语态的 式
肯定
否定
一般疑问
特殊疑问
[明规则]
(一)现在进行时的被动语态的结构
肯定式 be (am/is/are) being done
否定式 be (am/is/are) not being done
一般疑问式 Be (am/is/are)(not)+主语+being done
特殊疑问式 疑问词+be (am/is/are)(not)+主语+being done
(二)现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常有now、at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is now being interviewed.
我妹妹现在正在接受采访。
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.这些动物正以如此速度被捕杀,它们很快就会消失。
3.表示习惯性的被动行为,常与always、constantly、often等词连用,有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
Tom is always being praised by the teacher.汤姆总是被老师表扬。
4.与某些情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯正在做什么吗
——他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
[名师指津]
(1)stay、love、have、want、belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
(2)“be+under/in等介词+名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.=The telephone is being used.电话正在使用中。
[再运用] 完成句子
1.I’m working at home today because .
我今天在家工作,因为我的办公室正在被粉刷。
2.Right now,the deer
by many volunteers.
现在,许多志愿者正在照看这些鹿。
my office is being painted
are being watched over
3.It is reported that living spaces for wildlife
due to the cutting of trees.
据报道,由于砍伐树木,野生动物的生存空间正在缩小。
4.What do you know in your neighbourhood to protect animals and plants
你知道你的社区正在采取什么措施来保护动植物吗
are being reduced
is being done
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态的基本用法
[先感知]
①Imagine you have been invited by your junior secondary school to give an English speech to the graduating students.(北师必一U3)
想象一下,你的初中学校邀请你给即将毕业的学生做一个英语演讲。
②The plan for this weekend has not been made.(人教必三U3)
这周的计划还没有做。
③Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you (人教必二U3)
Wi-Fi密码是否已由您确认
④How have we been changed by the Internet
互联网是如何改变我们的
[会发现]
句①为现在完成时的被动语态的 式
句②为现在完成时的被动语态的 式
句③为现在完成时的被动语态的 式
句④为现在完成时的被动语态的 式
肯定
否定
一般疑问
特殊疑问
[明规则]
(一)现在完成时的被动语态的结构
肯定式 主语+have/has been done
否定式 主语+have/has not been done
一般疑问式 Have/Has(not)+主语+been done
特殊疑问式 疑问词+have/has+主语+(not)been done
(二)现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的被动动作对现在的影响或结果,通常与already、yet、just、never、recently等副词连用。
The machine has already been repaired.
机器已经被修好了。
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long... ”句式中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown
这部电影已经放映多长时间了
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的被动动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。
[名师指津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语:
already已经;yet已经,尚,还;recently/lately最近;since then从那时起;
ever since自那以来;ever曾经;so far迄今为止;for a long time很长一段时间;by now到现在为止;in recent years在最近几年里;in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
[再运用] 完成句子
1.It is said that the problem .
据说这个问题已经被调查过了。
2.People’s lives by online communities and social networks.(人教必二U3)
人们的生活已经被线上社区和社交网络所改变。
3. to copy the file by you
您是否按了复制文件的按钮
has been looked into
have been changed
Has the button been pressed
语 言 知 识 精 析
1.announce vt.宣布,宣告;通知
·announcement n.通告;宣告 ·announcer n.宣告者;播音员
教材原文 We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again!
我们很高兴地宣布,社区体育中心将很快再次向公众开放!
感知 语言先输入
①The principal announced to/make an announcement to the students that the school would be closed for a week.
校长向学生们宣布学校将关闭一周。
②It was announced that the annual sports day would take place next month,exciting everyone.
据宣布,年度运动会将于下个月举行,令每个人都感到兴奋。
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)announce (sth) to sb 向某人宣布(某事)
It is announced that... 据宣布/通知……
(2)make an announcement to sb 向某人发表声明
[名师指津] 若要表达“向某人宣布某事”时,要用announce sth to sb,类似用法的动词还有:suggest,explain,report等。
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①An (announce) was made that the amusement park would be closed.
②The manager will
after the meeting concludes. 经理将在会议结束后向团队宣布结果。
③ the concert has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances.
据通知,音乐会因不可预见的情况已被推迟。
announcement
announce the results to the team
It is announced that
2.replace vt.用……替换;代替,取代;更换,更新
·replacement n.替代品;接替者;替换
教材原文 In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
为了满足公众的喜好,我们的有氧运动课程已经停开,取而代之的是一些有趣的课程,包括现代舞。
感知 语言先输入
①In place of the old manager,a new leader was appointed to guide the team through challenges.
新经理被任命以取代旧经理,引导团队应对挑战。
②It is essential to replace unhealthy habits with healthier ones for a better lifestyle.
用更健康的习惯替代不健康的习惯对改善生活方式至关重要。
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)replace sb/sth=take the place of sb/sth 取代某人/某物
replace...with... 用……替换……
(2)in place of sb/sth=in sb’s/sth’s place 取代,代替某人/某物
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It is difficult to find a new (replace) for this cure.
②The technician will replace the broken part a new one during the repair process.
③我将代替你们的老师给你们上课。
→I will to give lessons to you.(replace v.)
→I will to give lessons to you.
(place n.)
replacement
with
replace your teacher
take the place of your teacher
④经过一番激烈的讨论,我们同意制作一段视频来代替相册。
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video
.
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video
.
in place of an album
to take the place of an album
3.in response to对……作出反应;作为对……的回复
教材原文 In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
为了满足公众的喜好,我们的有氧运动课程已经停开,取而代之的是一些有趣的课程,包括现代舞。
感知 语言先输入
①In response to the recent events,the organization issued a statement to clarify its position on the matter.
针对最近的事件,该组织发表声明以澄清其立场。
②The teacher made a response to the students’ questions,ensuring everyone understood the topic.
老师对学生的问题作出了回应,确保每个人都理解了主题。
记牢 知识再梳理
make a response to=respond to... 对……作出反应/回答
make no response (to) (对……)未作出回应
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①She made a (respond) to my praise with a smile.
②The company
by improving their product quality and service.
公司通过提高产品质量和服务来回应客户的反馈。
③让我生气的是,她没有回复我的信件。
→To my anger,she my letter.(respond)
→To my anger,she
my letter.(response)
response
made a response/responded to customer feedback
didn’t respond to
made no response to/didn’t make a response to
4.句型公式:“疑问词+不定式”结构
教材原文 To be honest though,I don’t know how to make exercise a regular part of my life.
不过,老实说,我不知道如何让锻炼成为我生活当中有规律的一部分。
感知 语言先输入
①What to do when you feel overwhelmed by stress is a common question among students.
当你感到压力过大时,该做什么是学生们常问的问题。
②Where to find the best resources for studying is essential for academic success.
在哪里找到最佳学习资源对学业成功至关重要。
记牢 知识再梳理
句中how to make exercise a regular part of my life为“疑问词+不定式”结构,在句中作宾语。
(1)“疑问词+不定式”结构中的特殊疑问词主要有when,where,what,which,who及how等连接词;
(2)“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,用作宾语的情况比较多,尤其是用在advise,ask,consider,decide,discuss,explain, forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,tell,wonder等动词后面;
(3)特殊疑问词与构成不定式的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义;
(4)该结构作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式;
(5)该结构常常可以转换成相应的名词性从句。
运用 完成句子
①
can greatly enhance your career prospects.
知道如何提高你的沟通技巧可以大大提升你的职业前景。
② is crucial for effective time management.
何时开始准备考试对有效的时间管理至关重要。
Knowing how to improve your communication skills
When to start preparing for exams
③
for solving the problem is often debated among experts.
专家们常就为什么选择这种特定的方法来解决问题而展开争论。
Why to choose this particular method
课 时 精 练
基础语境练
素能提升练
[基础语境练]
维度一 基础题——用所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what
(discuss) now in the secret room.
2.More than 100 famous films (show) in the city since July.
3.My watch doesn’t work.It (repair) in the factory now.
is being discussed
have been shown
is being repaired
4.It is the first time that the old computer (check) since I bought it.
5.Wait for a minute.The dishes for dinner (cook) in the kitchen.
6.This dictionary (use) at the moment,so I can’t lend it to you now.
7.Paper money (use) for over one thousand years.
has been checked
are being cooked
is being used
has been used
8.As you can see,many trees (cut) down by humans now.
9.Many new things (invent) in the last ten years.
10.To our relief,up to now the injured in the crash
(carry) to the nearby hospital.
are being cut
have been invented
have been carried
维度二 语法与写作——同义句转换(每小题2分,共10分)
1.At the moment people are carrying out further research into the virus.
→At the moment further research into the virus
.
2.Don’t worry! We are taking measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
→Don’t worry!Measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
is being carried out
are being taken
3.Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is under repair at the garage.
→Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car
at the garage.
4.Our English teacher has already praised us for our devotion to reading.
→We by our English teacher for our devotion to reading.
5.We have asked some friends of hers to join us.
→Some friends of hers to join us.
is being repaired
have already been praised
have been asked
维度三 语法与语篇——根据汉语提示补全语段(每小题2分,共10分)
As is known to all,waste 1. (已经成为一个越来越严重的问题).
We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them.Many disposable (一次性的) products 2. (正在被使用) in our daily life.Some good food 3. (已经到处可见) in the garbage can.In the office, some equipment 4. (已经被运行) for a long time but remains unused.What’s worse/Moreover,a great deal of paper 5. (已经被浪费了).
has become a more and more
serious problem
are being used
has been seen
everywhere
has been operated
has been wasted
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2025·镇江市高一上期末)
There’s more evidence that what’s good for your heart is good for your head.A new study shows that people who run,swim or do other moderate intensity (中等强度) exercise have brains that look,on average,10 years younger than the brains of couch potatoes.
“Our study showed that for older people,getting moderate intensity exercise may be protective,helping them keep their brains work better,” said Dr.Clinton Wright of the University of Miami,who led the study.But it’s not necessarily easy.Walking,golf,bowling and yoga don’t count,and people need to start before they begin showing memory loss,Wright’s team reported in the journal Neurology.
The study of nearly 900 people who exercise regularly showed that 90 percent fell into the low-intensity group.These people are part of a larger group taking part in a bigger study called Northern Manhattan Study.They were asked how long and how often they exercised during the past two weeks.Five years later,they were tested for memory and thinking skills and got a brain MRI (核磁共振).Seven years after that,they took the memory and thinking tests again.The 10 percent who said they took part in moderate intensity exercise scored better on the tests.These included running,climbing,swimming,riding bicycles and so on.
“We found that those with moderate intensity activity had higher scores and slower memory decline (下降) than inactive people when comparing the results,” the study team wrote.
Many studies have shown that exercise may not prevent Alzheimer’s disease but may delay it.The findings fit in with a study that found two years of exercising,eating healthier food and brain training can promote people’s memory function.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现中等强度的锻炼让人的大脑更年轻。
1.What can we learn from the study
A.High-intensity exercise is better.
B.Ten people scored best on the tests.
C.Only 900 people took part in the bigger study.
D.Most people surveyed took low-intensity exercise.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study of nearly...low-intensity group.”可知,在被调查的经常运动的900人中,90%的人属于低强度组,由此可知,被调查的人中大部分进行的是低强度运动,故选D项。
√
2.How did the study team come to the conclusion
A.By using examples. B.By doing a brain MRI.
C.By making a comparison. D.By observing people exercise.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The 10 percent...bicycles and so on.”可知,从事中等强度运动的10%的被研究对象的得分更高,结合第四段中的“‘We found that those...results,’the study team wrote.”可知,研究发现,与不活跃的人相比,运动适当的人得分更高,记忆力下降得更慢,所以,本文中的研究是通过对比得出研究的结论,故选C项。
√
3.What do we know from the last paragraph
A.The findings fit in with the study of healthy food.
B.Exercise can put off the beginning of memory decline.
C.Exercise will definitely strengthen people’s memory.
D.Alzheimer’s disease may be held back by exercise.
解析 细节理解题。根据尾段“Many studies have shown...promote people’s memory function.”可知,这一发现与多项研究表明,运动不会阻止阿尔茨海默病的发生,但可以减缓该疾病的发生,还可以促进人们的记忆功能,故选B项。
√
4.What’s the main idea of this passage
A.To exercise or not remains to be seen.
B.How to keep healthy is very important.
C.There are many ways to make your brain work better.
D.Moderate intensity exercise keeps your brain younger.
解析 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A new study shows...of couch potatoes.”并结合下文对该项研究的介绍可知,本文介绍的是一项新的研究发现,中等强度的运动可以使人的大脑更年轻,故选D项。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·苏州市高一联考期末)
For many years there has been a standing yoga position 1.______ has been and continues to be one of my favourite sports.It includes balance,trust and support.Each time I take part 2. this practice,I feel a deep sense of connection with all those in the group.And it makes me smile.
Instead of 3. (stand) alone,the class stands in a circle close enough for us to hold hands,with our left palms (手掌) up and right palms down.As a unit,we shift our weight to one foot and pick up 4. other foot.Then slowly we change the hand position so that we are palm to palm.We raise our 5. (arm) above our heads,respecting the reach of the person on either side of us.
A gentle sway (摇摆) may start,and soon we realize we have the support of each person in the circle,trusting them 6. (protect) us from falling.We feel a sense of security,knowing we 7.___________ (support) safely.In time we’re back on our two feet.
8. (eventual),there is a moment of silence for us to absorb the love and support we have received.We stand strong together in community and it is so much 9. (good) than standing alone.Above all,all of us feel 10. (relax) and happy.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了多年来,站立瑜伽一直是作者最喜欢的运动之一。
1.that/which [考查定语从句。句意:多年来,站立瑜伽一直是并将继续是我最喜欢的运动之一。分析句子可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是standing yoga position,关系词在从句中作主语成分,故填that/which。]
2.in [考查介词。句意:每次我参加这个练习,我都感到与小组中的所有人都有很深的联系。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语take part in“参加”,满足句意要求,故填in。]
3.standing [考查非谓语动词。句意:全班同学不是单独站着,而是围成一个圈,让我们手拉手,左手掌心向上,右手掌心向下。根据空前介词of以及提示词为动词可知,此处为动名词形式,构成短语Instead of doing“而不是做某事”,故填standing。]
4.the [考查冠词。句意:作为一个整体,我们把重心转移到一只脚上,然后抬起另一只脚。根据句意以及前面的one foot可知,此处表示“另一只脚”,用the other foot。表示两者中另外一个,所以空前需接定冠词the,故填the。]
5.arms [考查名词的单复数。句意:我们把手臂举过头顶,同时注意放在我们两边的人够得着的地方。根据句意以及句子的主语We及空格前的our可知,此处为名词复数形式,故填arms。]
6.to protect [考查非谓语动词。句意:一种轻缓的摇摆可能会开始,很快我们就会意识到我们得到了圈子里每个人的支持,相信她们会保护我们不掉下去。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语trust sb to do sth“相信某人做某事”,满足句意要求,所以此处为动词不定式形式,故填to protect。]
7.are supported [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:我们感到一种安全感,知道我们得到了安全的支持。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,we和动词support为被动关系,结合前面动词feel可知,此处应为一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词为复数形式,故填are supported。]
8.Eventually [考查词性转换。句意:最后,我们会有片刻的沉默来吸收我们所得到的爱和支持。分析句子可知,此处为单个副词作状语放在句首修饰整个句子,且句首首字母大写,故填Eventually。]
9.better [考查形容词比较级。句意:我们在团体中坚强地站在一起,这比独自一人要好得多。根据该句中的than可知,此处为形容词比较级,故填better。]
10.relaxed [考查词性转换。句意:最重要的是,我们都感到放松和快乐。根据句意以及空前feel系动词可知,此处为修饰人的形容词-ed形式,relaxed“放松的”作表语,满足句意要求,故填relaxed。]
