UNIT 3 Festivals and customs
大观念之单元话题:节日与风俗是“人与社会”主题下一个重要的探讨领域。本单元围绕节日与风俗展开,探讨了不同文化背景下节日庆典的起源、发展、象征意义以及相关风俗习惯的社会功能,旨在帮助学生了解节日与风俗如何塑造社会认同、传承文化遗产、促进社会凝聚力,并激发学生对文化多样性的尊重与思考。通过学习,学生能够以开放和包容的态度看待不同文化中的节日与风俗,提升跨文化交流能力,推动自身全面发展。
①tapestry / t p stri/ n.挂毯
②vibrant / va br nt/ adj.充满活力的
③solemn / s l m/ adj.庄严的
④renewal /r nju l/ n.更新
⑤gratitude / ɡr t tju d/ n.感激
⑥ritual / r t u l/ n.仪式
类文悦读·情境导学
不同的传统节日体现了不同的文化。你了解泼水节和感恩节吗
The world is a tapestry① woven with countless threads of traditions and celebrations.Each festival and custom,a unique pattern,tells a story of a people’s history,beliefs,and values.From the vibrant② parades of Chinese New Year to the solemn③ gatherings of Day of the Dead,I’ve been fortunate to witness the beauty and diversity of human expression.
One year,I found myself in a small village in Thailand during Songkran,the Thai New Year.The streets were filled with laughter and water fights,a joyous celebration of renewal④ and cleansing.I was soaked to the bone,but the infectious happiness of the locals made me feel like I belonged.It was a chaotic yet beautiful experience,a reminder that joy can be found in the simplest of acts.
Another time,I spent Thanksgiving with a family in the United States.The day was filled with the aroma of roasted turkey and the warmth of shared stories.It was a time for reflection and gratitude⑤,a moment to appreciate the bonds of family and friendship.The quiet intimacy of the gathering was a stark contrast to the boisterous (喧闹的) energy of Songkran,yet both were equally meaningful.
These experiences have taught me that festivals and customs are more than just rituals⑥;they are the heartbeats of a culture.They connect us to our past,ground us in the present,and inspire us for the future.They remind us that despite our differences,we are all part of the same human family,sharing the same hopes,dreams,and the need to celebrate life.
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Step One:Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage and the picture below,and predict what the passage is about.
This passage might focus on Alex’s experiences when travelling around the world.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What’s the main idea of the passage
A.Describe Alex’s experiences at cultural events and their significance.
B.Highlight the differences between Indian and Brazilian celebrations.
C.Explain the importance of traditions in cultural events.
D.Share Alex’s personal reflections on cultural diversity and joy.
答案 A
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What impressed Alex most about the Indian wedding
A.The bride’s red silk sari.
B.The bridegroom’s entrance on a white horse and the fire rituals.
C.The large number of guests.
D.The colorful decorations in the hotel.
2.What was the most notable feature of the Rio Carnival for Alex
A.The samba music and dancing.
B.The flags carried by the performers.
C.The roasted meat sold at street stands.
D.The costumes worn by the dancers.
3.Why did the new couple join hands and walk around a small fire
A.To warm themselves.
B.To show their romantic love.
C.To make promises to support each other and wish for a happy life.
D.To show their thanks to the guests coming to their wedding ceremony.
4.What is Alex’s attitude toward cultural diversity
A.Indifferent. B.Critical.
C.Appreciative. D.Doubtful.
5.What does Alex’s experience at the Rio Carnival reveal about celebrations
A.They are exhausting and time-consuming.
B.They bring people together in a shared sense of joy.
C.They are only enjoyable for locals.
D.They are primarily about food and drink.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.
学会断句:本句为复合句,主句中“took seven steps together by the fire”和“made a different promise”为并列谓语,“how they were going to support each other and live together happily”是“how”引导的宾语从句,其中包含两个并列的谓语动词“support”和“live”,由“and”连接。
尝试翻译:然后他们在火堆旁一起迈了七步,每走一步都立一条不同的誓言,承诺他们将如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。
2.To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.
学会断句:本句为复合句,主句为“I went to a street party”。“To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself”是不定式短语,作目的状语,表示“为了亲身体验狂欢节的精神”。
尝试翻译:为了切身体验狂欢节的精神,我去了一个街头派对。
3.Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.
学会断句:本句为复合句,包含两个并列主句:“Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets”和“the smell of roasted meat filled the air”。“as we passed wave after wave of street stands”是时间状语从句,表示“当我们经过一波又一波的街头摊位时”。“wave after wave”是固定短语,表示“接连不断的,一波又一波”。
尝试翻译:我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时,装着汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狭窄的街道两边,空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Recently,I attended a wedding in India and the Rio Carnival.The wedding in India took place in a 1.brightly(bright) decorated hotel room,with many guests 2.dressed(dress) up in formal,colourful clothes.A few customs made a very deep 3.impression(impress) on me.On one scene,the bridegroom rode 4.on a beautiful white horse and entered.And then the bride’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.Later the couple 5.joined(join) hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made 6.a different promise.
The other one,the Rio Carnival,Brazil,was quite different.A group of around 20 Brazilian 7.dancers(dancer) and a band in fancy costumes stood in the street,with some of them carrying flags 8.which/that blew in the wind.Then there was an explosion of bright colors and lively music,and the group jumped into action and the crowd began 9.to cheer(cheer),clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people,10.dancing(dance) all the way.Though in different cultures,the two occasions have the similar tastes—happy,lively and exciting.
[原文呈现]
Alex around the world
10 January,a wedding ceremony①,India
When Nadim invited me to his sister’s wedding,I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime②.I was definitely not wrong!
The wedding ceremony took place③ in a brightly decorated hotel room.There were hundreds of guests,all dressed up in formal,colourful clothes④.According to tradition⑤,the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.
I did not understand all of the traditional customs,but a few made a deep impression on me⑥.One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white horse.I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.It reminded me of my sister’s wedding⑦.Although our cultures are so different,the smiling faces are the same.
The customs that followed were anything but ordinary⑧.The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise⑨ about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.[1]It was very romantic!
[1]句中how they were going to support...为宾语从句,充当介词about的宾语。
After the ceremony,it was time for the celebrations.That is a story for another day,but let’s just say there was a lot of dancing.Now I know I have two left feet⑩...and both of them hurt!
26 February,Rio Carnival,Brazil
The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight.No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion.I could feel it already—the Carnival was in the air!
To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.Luckily,I arrived just in time—the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street.[2]Some of them carried flags,which blew in the wind.The crowd waited with excitement.
[2]句中standing in the street为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语,修饰a band,相当于定语从句who were standing in the street。
Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music,and the group jumped into action.The band started playing an energetic samba beat,the dancers twisted and turned,and the crowd began to cheer,clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people,dancing all the way.[3]Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.[4]I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by!
[3]句中dancing all the way为动词-ing形式短语作状语,表示伴随的动作。
[4]句中as we passed wave after wave...为as引导的时间状语从句。
Even as I lay in bed that evening,the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me.What an amazing first day in Rio!
[名师圈点]
①a wedding ceremony一个婚礼仪式
②the opportunity of a lifetime千载难逢的机会
③take place 发生,举行
④dress up in formal,colourful clothes穿着正式的色彩鲜艳的服饰
⑤according to tradition根据传统
⑥make a deep impression on me 给我留下深刻的印象
⑦remind sb of sth使想起/提醒某人某事
⑧anything but ordinary一点也不普通
⑨make a different promise立不同的誓言
⑩have two left feet 笨手笨脚
get off the flight 下飞机
take a week off 放假一周
this happy occasion这欢乐的庆典
in the air 可感觉到;在传播中
the merry crowd 欢乐的人群
wait with excitement兴奋地等待
an explosion of bright colours and lively music鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐喷薄而出
jump into action 立刻行动起来
march down the street 沿街前行
the ever-growing sea of people 越来越多的人
be caught up in被卷入,陷入
[译文参考]
亚力克斯环游世界
一月十日,一场婚礼,印度
当纳迪姆邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼时,我就知道这将是个千载难逢的机会。我绝对没有搞错!
婚礼在一间装饰华美的酒店房间内举行。到场宾客数以百计,个个身着正式的、色彩艳丽的礼服。遵照传统,新娘身穿一袭分外夺目的红丝绸莎丽。
不是所有的传统习俗我都了解,但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。一个是新郎骑着一匹俊美的白马入场。这我在国内可从未见过!再就是纳迪姆的父亲自豪地领着女儿,穿过一排排座位走向新郎的环节。这一幕让我想起了我妹妹的婚礼。尽管我们的文化如此不同,但含笑的面孔却是一样的。
接下来的风俗绝对不寻常。新婚夫妇携手围着一个小火堆走上四圈。然后他们在火堆旁一起迈了七步,每走一步都立一条不同的誓言,承诺他们将如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。真是太浪漫了!
仪式之后,就是欢庆的时刻了。这个话题改日再聊,但是先这么说吧,(那天)舞跳了不少。现在我只知道我“有两只左脚”……而且两只都疼得不行!
二月二十六日,里约狂欢节,巴西
我一下飞机就有一股暑热袭来。难怪里约人民要为这场欢乐的庆典放假一周。我已经感觉到了——这狂欢节的气氛!
为了切身体验狂欢节的精神,我去了一个街头派对。幸运的是我来的时间刚好——我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置,表演就要开始了。我可以看到大约二十名巴西舞者和一支穿着华丽的服装的乐队正站在街头。有人还拿着旗子,旗子随风飘荡着。人们兴奋地等待着。
突然,鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐喷薄而出,歌舞队应声一跃而起。乐队奏起劲爆的桑巴节拍,跳舞的人扭动腰身,人群开始欢呼、鼓掌和歌唱。歌舞队全体开始沿街前行。狂欢节的人潮带着我们穿过不断扩张的人海,一路上跳舞不停。我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时,装着汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狭窄的街道两边,空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。我深深地沉迷于派对的狂热中,不知不觉五个小时已经过去了!
甚至当我晚上躺在床上的时候,那鲜艳的色彩和欢快的音乐依然在我脑海中盘旋游弋。里约首日,多么奇妙的一天!
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
(2025·扬州市高一上期中)
Four Popular Festivals in Liuzhou
If you are a party animal in Liuzhou,join us to explore some of the popular festivals in this area.
Temple Fair Day
It is believed to be the oldest and the largest temple fair day celebrated in Fengshan,Liuzhou.It is an event known to easily attract more than 30,000 people to take part in the parades (游行).It is a day for enjoying temple wishes,dancing to non-stop ethnic (民族的) songs,and tasting lots of local dishes.
Time:February Price:Free
March 3rd Festival
This is an annual event that takes place every March in Sanjiang county.The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.You can also expect to enjoy live ethnic music and dances performed by famous local dancers.
Time:March 3rd Price:3 RMB
Liuzhou Marathon Festival
This event started more than 10 years ago.Currently,it is an attractive weekend that sees attendance go way past 12,000 people.During the festival,participants take part in exciting activities,with the major ones like funny marathon,and food sales.
Time:April Price:12 RMB
Dragon Boat Show
Longtan park is usually the place of Dragon Boat Show—a festival for boating lovers that occurs in May.It is the largest dragon boat show in Liuzhou.A great deal of people will be there at that time.Welcome to join the show.
Time:May Price:5 RMB
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了柳州四大流行节日。
1.What is special about Temple Fair Day
A.It is for boating lovers.
B.It lasts two months.
C.It’s free of charge.
D.It started 10 years ago.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据Temple Fair Day中关键信息“Price:Free(价格:免费)”可知,庙会日可以免费参加,故选C项。]
2.What can tourists do at March 3rd Festival
A.Buy some books.
B.Taste homemade food.
C.Watch boat shows.
D.Join a parade.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据March 3rd Festival中关键句“The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.(这个节日有许多少数民族的自制食物)”可知,在3月3节那天,游客可以品尝家庭自制食物,故选B项。]
3.Which of the following festivals takes place in April
A.Liuzhou Marathon Festival.
B.March 3rd Festival.
C.Dragon Boat Show.
D.Temple Fair Day.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据Liuzhou Marathon Festival中关键信息“Time:April(时间:四月)”可知,柳州马拉松节在4月举办,故选A项。]
B
(2025·常州市高一联考期末)
As a Chinese native religion,Taoism has a close relationship with Chinese folk customs.With the development of Taoism,it has become deep-rooted in,and the practices of,the ordinary people.This can be seen both in Taoist religious festivals and sacrifice-offerings.
There are many Taoist festivals,and quite a few of them have evolved into folk festivals.For example,the Double Ninth Festival on September 9 of lunar calendar came from the Taoist festival.It is said that in the Eastern Han Dynasty,there was a Taoist immortal named Fei Changfang,who was resourceful enough to drive all devils away.At that time,he had a pupil called Huan Jing.One day,Fei Changfang foresaw a disaster on September 9 in Huan Jing’s family,and told Huan Jing to fasten a bundle of dogwood onto his arm,and drink chrysanthemum wine in an elevated place so as to prevent the disaster.Having done what he had been told,Huan Jing’s family was indeed safe and sound.Along with the spreading of Taoism,this legend has evolved into the Double Ninth Festival.When the day comes,people will carry dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine in elevated places.
Many immortals in Taoism came into being on the basis of earthy folk gods,and thus the Taoist god-worshiping system has much in common with the earthy folk god-worshiping.On the one hand,a number of earthy folk gods such as Caishen(mammon),Chenghuangshen(city god),Dongyuedadi(god of East Mountain) and Guanshengdi(god of Saint Guan) have become part of the pedigree of folk gods;on the other hand,Taoist immortals such as Laojun(Holy Lord),Yuhuangdadi(Jade Emperor) and Baxian(eight immortals) have become widespread and part of people’s life.
Moreover,some Taoist taboo tricks have an extensive influence on the folk society,especially in the countryside;or rather,they have constituted a necessary part of folk customs.The combination of Taoism and Chinese folk customs is in various aspects,but it is mainly embodied in celebrations of festivals and seasonal changes and spirit worshiping.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道教和民间习俗的密切关系。
4.Where can you probably find this article
A.From a history textbook.
B.From a travel brochure.
C.From a research paper.
D.From a cultural website.
答案 D [文章出处题。通读全文,并结合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介绍了道教和民间习俗的密切关系。属于文化习俗的范畴,由此推知,本文很有可能出现在一个文化网站,故选D项。]
5.How are Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly developed
A.By analyzing causes and effects.
B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By following time order.
答案 B [写作手法题。根据第二段的“There are many Taoist...the Taoist festival.”中的for example,第三段的“Many immortals in Taoism...earthy folk god-worshiping.”以及本段中的on the one hand,on the other hand推知,第二和第三段都是通过举例的方式展开的,故选B项。]
6.What is the genre or type of literature of this article
A.A story.
B.An argumentation.
C.An exposition.
D.A news report.
答案 C [文章类型题。文章第一段提出道教与中国民间习俗有密切的关系,接下来通过第二段举例重阳来源于道教和第三段举例民间土神崇拜与道教神仙崇拜体系相同来说明第一段提出的“道教与中国民间习俗有密切的关系”。由此推知,本文是一篇说明文,故选C项。]
8.What can be a suitable title for the article
A.Taoism and folk customs
B.Taoism,a Chinese native religion
C.The origin of Chinese folk customs
D.The development of Taoism
答案 A [标题归纳题。通读全文,并结合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介绍了道教和民间习俗的密切关系。因此A项“道教和民间习俗”可以作为本文的最佳标题,故选A项。]
C
(2025·重庆市高一统考期末)
The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on Feb 21,almost a month after the Spring Festival.The celebration usually starts on the first day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar and ends after 15 days.Just like the Spring Festival,the Tibetan New Year marks the perfect opportunity for Tibetans to reunite with their relatives and friends.
With a sweet smell coming from the pot,Tsewang,74,stirred the soup ladle from time to time at her Singpori home.She was cooking “gutu”,a kind of soup made of flour and a traditional dish for the night of the 29th of the 12th month in the Tibetan calendar.
“Gu” in Tibetan means nine,which is a lucky number.“Tu” means “pasta.” Nine different fillings like wool,charcoal and chili are placed inside the dough drops,and each of these fillings has a meaning.
“It is the Tibetan New Year’s Eve tomorrow.The family and relatives will be gathered together and welcoming a warm New Year at the new home,” Tsewang said on Sunday.
For 46-year-old Li Xijun,from northwest China’s Gansu Province,celebrating Tibetan New Year with his wife Drolma Tsering has become a part of his life after living in Tibet for 26 years.
“We celebrate both Spring Festival and Tibetan New Year at home,” he said.Li started his commercial trade business in Tibet after retiring from the army in 1997.He met his wife in 2000,and has since settled in the border county of Yadong to take care of Drolma Tsering’s parents and younger sister.
It is the third Tibetan New Year for Yuan Yubing from Shanghai.Yuan came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting in 2017 and married Losang Samkhar,her studio teacher,the following year.
“I was more of a spectator when I first celebrated the festival,” Yuan said.But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.
Yuan and her mother-in-law have cleaned up the windows at home,and all the New Year’s goods are ready.She has even replaced her mother-in-law to cook for the family for New Year’s Eve.“Coming to Tibet makes me feel that my heart has found a home,” she said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了藏历新年的一些习俗以及人们庆祝藏历新年的经历。
8.The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on .
A.Sunday B.Monday
C.Tuesday D.Wednesday
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段“‘It is the...said on Sunday.”可知,周一是2023年藏历新年,故选B项。]
9.Tibetan New Year and Spring Festival share the same features except that .
A.it is a great opportunity for reunion
B.people will enjoy traditional dishes like “gutu”
C.people will gather and welcome the arrival of New Year
D.people will prepare New Year’s goods ahead of time
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段“With a sweet smell...in the Tibetan calendar.”可知,B选项“人们会享用传统的菜肴,比如‘gutu’”不是共同点,故选B项。]
10.In the last but one paragraph,by saying “I was more of a spectator”,Yuan wants to express that .
A.she was not interested in Tibetan New Year at all
B.she celebrated Spring Festival only all the time
C.she had no sense of belonging there at that time
D.she had no idea about the Tibetan New Year customs then
答案 D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.”可推知,袁女士生活了多年才了解了藏历新年的习俗,所以她说“我更多的是一个旁观者”来表达她当时对藏历新年的习俗一无所知,故选D项。]
11.About Li Xijun and Yuan Yubin,which of the statements is TRUE
A.They both came from Gansu Province.
B.They both came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting.
C.They both probably married a local in Tibet.
D.They both have settled down in Yadong.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第五段“For 46-year-old Li Xijun...in Tibet for 26 years.”以及倒数第二段“It is the third...the following year.”可知,关于这二人,C选项“他们可能都和西藏当地人结婚了”正确,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
Most Americans love Chinese food.However,the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine (烹饪) enjoyed daily by people living in China.The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s. 1 To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.Over the years,Chinese cuisine has made its way into the mainstream and has been adapted to reflect Western influences.
One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying.Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods. 2 Instead,methods such as baking,steaming,boiling and stewing (煨),are more commonly used.
3 Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.Some ingredients—like broccoli (西兰花),carrots,onions,tomatoes and dairy products (乳制品)—are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.
In addition,most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume.Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc. 4 Meanwhile,many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.Sweet and Sour Chicken,for example,has no equivalent in traditional Chinese cuisine. 5
A.Another big difference is the ingredients used.
B.Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.
C.There are so many traditional Chinese dishes in China.
D.Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.
E.Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.
F.However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.
G.Most cultural groups brought their customs and cuisines along with them.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国菜在西方的餐馆中西方化的历史过程,同时也指出了二者在烹饪方法、选材等方面的不同。
1.D [根据前文“The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.”可知,中国菜是19世纪传入西方的,交代了西方化中餐的历史背景。同时根据下文“To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.”可知,此处表示人们将开设中餐馆作为谋生手段。D选项“Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.”承接上文,引起下文,指出因为许多中国移民在美国找工作都遇到了困难,所以为了谋生,他们中的一些人开了餐馆。下文中them指代的D选项中的many Chinese immigrants。故选D。]
2.F [根据前文“One of the main...in cooking methods.”以及前文“Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.”可知,本段介绍传统中国菜与西化的中国菜在烹饪方法上的区别。F选项“However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.”承接前文,指出传统中国菜的烹饪方法与西化中国菜之间的区别,符合语境。故选F。]
3.A [根据后文的“Westernized Chinese food...in authentic Chinese cooking.”可知,本段主要介绍的是西化的中餐和传统中餐两者之间原料选用的不同。A选项“Another big difference is the ingredients used.(另一个很大的不同是所用的原料。)”概括本段主旨。故选A。]
4.B [根据前文“Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc.”可知,西方人不太喜欢吃中国菜中常用的肉菜。B选项“Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.(西方人一般不会选择吃它们。)”中的them指代前文的protein sources,与前文呼应。故选B。]
5.E [根据前文“Meanwhile,many of...Chinese cuisine.”可知,有很多菜在传统的中餐馆是没有供应的,而是在西方化的中国菜中进行了重新创作和本土化的过程,此处以糖醋鸡为例。E选项“Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.(同样,幸运饼干完全是美国人的发明。)”以幸运饼干为例,与前文的糖醋鸡构成并列,指出这些菜都是只在西方出现的中国菜式。故选E。](共75张PPT)
主题语境:人与社会——节日与风俗
UNIT 3 Festivals and customs
大观念之单元话题:节日与风俗是“人与社会”主题下一个重要的探讨领域。本单元围绕节日与风俗展开,探讨了不同文化背景下节日庆典的起源、发展、象征意义以及相关风俗习惯的社会功能,旨在帮助学生了解节日与风俗如何塑造社会认同、传承文化遗产、促进社会凝聚力,并激发学生对文化多样性的尊重与思考。通过学习,学生能够以开放和包容的态度看待不同文化中的节日与风俗,提升跨文化交流能力,推动自身全面发展。
①tapestry / t p stri/ n.挂毯
②vibrant / va br nt/ adj.充满活力的
③solemn / s l m/ adj.庄严的
④renewal /r nju l/ n.更新
⑤gratitude / ɡr t tju d/ n.感激
⑥ritual / r t u l/ n.仪式
类文悦读·情境导学
不同的传统节日体现了不同的文化。你了解泼水节和感恩节吗
The world is a tapestry① woven with countless threads of traditions and celebrations.Each festival and custom,a unique pattern,tells a story of a people’s history,beliefs,and values.From the vibrant② parades of Chinese New Year to the solemn③ gatherings of Day of the Dead,I’ve been fortunate to witness the beauty and diversity of human expression.
One year,I found myself in a small village in Thailand during Songkran,the Thai New Year.The streets were filled with laughter and water fights,a joyous celebration of renewal④ and cleansing.I was soaked to the bone,but the infectious happiness of the locals made me feel like I belonged.It was a chaotic yet beautiful experience,a reminder that joy can be found in the simplest of acts.
Another time,I spent Thanksgiving with a family in the United States.The day was filled with the aroma of roasted turkey and the warmth of shared stories.It was a time for reflection and gratitude⑤,a moment to appreciate the bonds of family and friendship.The quiet intimacy of the gathering was a stark contrast to the boisterous (喧闹的) energy of Songkran,yet both were equally meaningful.
These experiences have taught me that festivals and customs are more than just rituals⑥;they are the heartbeats of a culture.They connect us to our past,ground us in the present,and inspire us for the future.They remind us that despite our differences,we are all part of the same human family,sharing the same hopes,dreams,and the need to celebrate life.
文本整体理解
内
容
索
引
语篇助解释疑
课时精练
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage and the picture below,and predict what the passage is about.
This passage might focus on Alex’s experiences when travelling around the world.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What’s the main idea of the passage
A.Describe Alex’s experiences at cultural events and their significance.
B.Highlight the differences between Indian and Brazilian celebrations.
C.Explain the importance of traditions in cultural events.
D.Share Alex’s personal reflections on cultural diversity and joy.
√
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again
and fill in the blanks.
a red silk sari
a white horse
her husband
joined hands
made promises
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What impressed Alex most about the Indian wedding
A.The bride’s red silk sari.
B.The bridegroom’s entrance on a white horse and the fire rituals.
C.The large number of guests.
D.The colorful decorations in the hotel.
√
2.What was the most notable feature of the Rio Carnival for Alex
A.The samba music and dancing.
B.The flags carried by the performers.
C.The roasted meat sold at street stands.
D.The costumes worn by the dancers.
√
3.Why did the new couple join hands and walk around a small fire
A.To warm themselves.
B.To show their romantic love.
C.To make promises to support each other and wish for a happy life.
D.To show their thanks to the guests coming to their wedding ceremony.
√
4.What is Alex’s attitude toward cultural diversity
A.Indifferent. B.Critical.
C.Appreciative. D.Doubtful.
√
5.What does Alex’s experience at the Rio Carnival reveal about celebrations
A.They are exhausting and time-consuming.
B.They bring people together in a shared sense of joy.
C.They are only enjoyable for locals.
D.They are primarily about food and drink.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.
学会断句:本句为复合句,主句中“took seven steps together by the fire”和“ ”为并列谓语,“how they were going to support each other and live together happily”是“how”引导的 从句,其中包含两个并列的谓语动词“support”和“live”,由“and”连接。
尝试翻译:
made a different promise
宾语
然后他们在火堆旁一起迈了七步,每走一步都立一条不同的誓言,承诺他们将如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。
2.To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.
学会断句:本句为复合句,主句为“I went to a street party”。“To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself”是不定式短语,作
状语,表示“为了亲身体验狂欢节的精神”。
尝试翻译:
目的
为了切身体验狂欢节的精神,我去了一个街头派对。
3.Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.
学会断句:本句为复合句,包含两个并列主句:“Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets”和“the smell of roasted meat filled the air”。“as we passed wave after wave of street stands”是
从句,表示“当我们经过一波又一波的街头摊位时”。“wave after wave”是固定短语,表示“接连不断的,一波又一波”。
尝试翻译:
时间状语
我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时,装着汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狭窄的街道两边,空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Recently,I attended a wedding in India and the Rio Carnival.The wedding in India took place in a 1. (bright) decorated hotel room,with many guests 2. (dress) up in formal, colourful clothes.A few customs made a very deep 3.______________ (impress) on me.On one scene,the bridegroom rode 4. a beautiful white horse and entered.And then the bride’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.Later the couple 5. (join) hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made 6. different promise.
brightly
dressed
impression
on
joined
a
The other one,the Rio Carnival,Brazil,was quite different.A group of around 20 Brazilian 7. (dancer) and a band in fancy costumes stood in the street,with some of them carrying flags 8.______________ blew in the wind.Then there was an explosion of bright colors and lively music,and the group jumped into action and the crowd began 9. (cheer),clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people,10. (dance) all the way.Though in different cultures,the two occasions have the similar tastes—happy,lively and exciting.
dancers
which/that
to cheer
dancing
语 篇 助 解 释 疑
[原文呈现]
Alex around the world
10 January,a wedding ceremony①,India
When Nadim invited me to his sister’s wedding,I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime②.I was definitely not wrong!
The wedding ceremony took place③ in a brightly decorated hotel room.There were hundreds of guests,all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes④.According to tradition⑤,the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.
I did not understand all of the traditional customs,but a few made a deep impression on me⑥.One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white horse.I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.It reminded me of my sister’s wedding⑦.Although our cultures are so different,the smiling faces are the same.
The customs that followed were anything but ordinary⑧.The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise⑨ about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.[1]It was very romantic!
[1]句中how they were going to support...为宾语从句,充当介词about的宾语。
After the ceremony,it was time for the celebrations.That is a story for another day,but let’s just say there was a lot of dancing.Now I know I have two left feet⑩...and both of them hurt!
26 February,Rio Carnival,Brazil
The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight .No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion .I could feel it already—the Carnival was in the air !
To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.Luckily,I arrived just in time—the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd . I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street.[2]Some of them carried flags,which blew in the wind.The crowd waited with excitement .
[2]句中standing in the street为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语,修饰a band,相当于定语从句who were standing in the street。
Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music , and the group jumped into action .The band started playing an energetic samba beat,the dancers twisted and turned,and the crowd began to cheer,clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street .The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people ,dancing all the way.[3]Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.[4]I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by!
[3]句中dancing all the way为动词-ing形式短语作状语,表示伴随的动作。
[4]句中as we passed wave after wave...为as引导的时间状语从句。
Even as I lay in bed that evening,the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me.What an amazing first day in Rio!
[名师圈点]
①a wedding ceremony一个婚礼仪式
②the opportunity of a lifetime千载难逢的机会
③take place 发生,举行
④dress up in formal,colourful clothes穿着正式的色彩鲜艳的服饰
⑤according to tradition根据传统
⑥make a deep impression on me 给我留下深刻的印象
⑦remind sb of sth使想起/提醒某人某事
⑧anything but ordinary一点也不普通
⑨make a different promise立不同的誓言
⑩have two left feet 笨手笨脚
get off the flight 下飞机
take a week off 放假一周
this happy occasion这欢乐的庆典
in the air 可感觉到;在传播中
the merry crowd 欢乐的人群
wait with excitement兴奋地等待
an explosion of bright colours and lively music
鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐喷薄而出
jump into action 立刻行动起来
march down the street 沿街前行
the ever-growing sea of people 越来越多的人
be caught up in被卷入,陷入
[译文参考]
亚力克斯环游世界
一月十日,一场婚礼,印度
当纳迪姆邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼时,我就知道这将是个千载难逢的机会。我绝对没有搞错!
婚礼在一间装饰华美的酒店房间内举行。到场宾客数以百计,个个身着正式的、色彩艳丽的礼服。遵照传统,新娘身穿一袭分外夺目的红丝绸莎丽。
不是所有的传统习俗我都了解,但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。一个是新郎骑着一匹俊美的白马入场。这我在国内可从未见过!再就是纳迪姆的父亲自豪地领着女儿,穿过一排排座位走向新郎的环节。这一幕让我想起了我妹妹的婚礼。尽管我们的文化如此不同,但含笑的面孔却是一样的。
接下来的风俗绝对不寻常。新婚夫妇携手围着一个小火堆走上四圈。然后他们在火堆旁一起迈了七步,每走一步都立一条不同的誓言,承诺他们将如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。真是太浪漫了!
仪式之后,就是欢庆的时刻了。这个话题改日再聊,但是先这么说吧,(那天)舞跳了不少。现在我只知道我“有两只左脚”……而且两只都疼得不行!
二月二十六日,里约狂欢节,巴西
我一下飞机就有一股暑热袭来。难怪里约人民要为这场欢乐的庆典放假一周。我已经感觉到了——这狂欢节的气氛!
为了切身体验狂欢节的精神,我去了一个街头派对。幸运的是我来的时间刚好——我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置,表演就要开始了。我可以看到大约二十名巴西舞者和一支穿着华丽的服装的乐队正站在街头。有人还拿着旗子,旗子随风飘荡着。人们兴奋地等待着。
突然,鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐喷薄而出,歌舞队应声一跃而起。乐队奏起劲爆的桑巴节拍,跳舞的人扭动腰身,人群开始欢呼、鼓掌和歌唱。歌舞队全体开始沿街前行。狂欢节的人潮带着我们穿过不断扩张的人海,一路上跳舞不停。我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时,装着汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狭窄的街道两边,空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。我深深地沉迷于派对的狂热中,不知不觉五个小时已经过去了!
甚至当我晚上躺在床上的时候,那鲜艳的色彩和欢快的音乐依然在我脑海中盘旋游弋。里约首日,多么奇妙的一天!
课 时 精 练
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
(2025·扬州市高一上期中)
Four Popular Festivals in Liuzhou
If you are a party animal in Liuzhou,join us to explore some of the popular festivals in this area.
Temple Fair Day
It is believed to be the oldest and the largest temple fair day celebrated in Fengshan,Liuzhou.It is an event known to easily attract more than 30,000 people to take part in the parades (游行).It is a day for enjoying temple wishes,dancing to non-stop ethnic (民族的) songs,and tasting lots of local dishes.
Time:February Price:Free
March 3rd Festival
This is an annual event that takes place every March in Sanjiang county.The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.You can also expect to enjoy live ethnic music and dances performed by famous local dancers.
Time:March 3rd Price:3 RMB
Liuzhou Marathon Festival
This event started more than 10 years ago.Currently,it is an attractive weekend that sees attendance go way past 12,000 people.During the festival,participants take part in exciting activities,with the major ones like funny marathon,and food sales.
Time:April Price:12 RMB
Dragon Boat Show
Longtan park is usually the place of Dragon Boat Show—a festival for boating lovers that occurs in May.It is the largest dragon boat show in Liuzhou.A great deal of people will be there at that time.Welcome to join the show.
Time:May Price:5 RMB
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了柳州四大流行节日。
1.What is special about Temple Fair Day
A.It is for boating lovers.
B.It lasts two months.
C.It’s free of charge.
D.It started 10 years ago.
解析 细节理解题。根据Temple Fair Day中关键信息“Price:Free (价格:免费)”可知,庙会日可以免费参加,故选C项。
√
2.What can tourists do at March 3rd Festival
A.Buy some books. B.Taste homemade food.
C.Watch boat shows. D.Join a parade.
解析 细节理解题。根据March 3rd Festival中关键句“The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.(这个节日有许多少数民族的自制食物)”可知,在3月3节那天,游客可以品尝家庭自制食物,故选B项。
√
3.Which of the following festivals takes place in April
A.Liuzhou Marathon Festival.
B.March 3rd Festival.
C.Dragon Boat Show.
D.Temple Fair Day.
解析 细节理解题。根据Liuzhou Marathon Festival中关键信息“Time:April(时间:四月)”可知,柳州马拉松节在4月举办,故选A项。
√
B
(2025·常州市高一联考期末)
As a Chinese native religion,Taoism has a close relationship with Chinese folk customs.With the development of Taoism,it has become deep-rooted in,and the practices of,the ordinary people.This can be seen both in Taoist religious festivals and sacrifice-offerings.
There are many Taoist festivals,and quite a few of them have evolved into folk festivals.For example,the Double Ninth Festival on September 9 of lunar calendar came from the Taoist festival.It is said that in the Eastern Han Dynasty,there was a Taoist immortal named Fei Changfang,who was resourceful enough to drive all devils away.At that time,he had a pupil called Huan Jing.One day,Fei Changfang foresaw a disaster on September 9 in Huan Jing’s family,and told Huan Jing to fasten a bundle of dogwood onto his arm,and drink
chrysanthemum wine in an elevated place so as to prevent the disaster. Having done what he had been told,Huan Jing’s family was indeed safe and sound.Along with the spreading of Taoism,this legend has evolved into the Double Ninth Festival.When the day comes,people will carry dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine in elevated places.
Many immortals in Taoism came into being on the basis of earthy folk gods,and thus the Taoist god-worshiping system has much in common with the earthy folk god-worshiping.On the one hand,a number of earthy folk gods such as Caishen(mammon), Chenghuangshen(city god),Dongyuedadi(god of East Mountain) and Guanshengdi(god of Saint Guan) have become part of the pedigree of folk gods;on the other hand,Taoist immortals such as Laojun(Holy Lord),Yuhuangdadi(Jade Emperor) and Baxian(eight immortals) have become widespread and part of people’s life.
Moreover,some Taoist taboo tricks have an extensive influence on the folk society,especially in the countryside;or rather,they have constituted a necessary part of folk customs.The combination of Taoism and Chinese folk customs is in various aspects,but it is mainly embodied in celebrations of festivals and seasonal changes and spirit worshiping.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道教和民间习俗的密切关系。
4.Where can you probably find this article
A.From a history textbook. B.From a travel brochure.
C.From a research paper. D.From a cultural website.
解析 文章出处题。通读全文,并结合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介绍了道教和民间习俗的密切关系。属于文化习俗的范畴,由此推知,本文很有可能出现在一个文化网站,故选D项。
√
5.How are Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly developed
A.By analyzing causes and effects.
B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By following time order.
解析 写作手法题。根据第二段的“There are many Taoist...the Taoist festival.”中的for example,第三段的“Many immortals in Taoism...earthy folk god-worshiping.”以及本段中的on the one hand,on the other hand推知,第二和第三段都是通过举例的方式展开的,故选B项。
√
6.What is the genre or type of literature of this article
A.A story. B.An argumentation.
C.An exposition. D.A news report.
解析 文章类型题。文章第一段提出道教与中国民间习俗有密切的关系,接下来通过第二段举例重阳来源于道教和第三段举例民间土神崇拜与道教神仙崇拜体系相同来说明第一段提出的“道教与中国民间习俗有密切的关系”。由此推知,本文是一篇说明文,故选C项。
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7.What can be a suitable title for the article
A.Taoism and folk customs
B.Taoism,a Chinese native religion
C.The origin of Chinese folk customs
D.The development of Taoism
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文,并结合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介绍了道教和民间习俗的密切关系。因此A项“道教和民间习俗”可以作为本文的最佳标题,故选A项。
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C
(2025·重庆市高一统考期末)
The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on Feb 21,almost a month after the Spring Festival.The celebration usually starts on the first day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar and ends after 15 days.Just like the Spring Festival,the Tibetan New Year marks the perfect opportunity for Tibetans to reunite with their relatives and friends.
With a sweet smell coming from the pot,Tsewang,74,stirred the soup ladle from time to time at her Singpori home.She was cooking “gutu”,a kind of soup made of flour and a traditional dish for the night of the 29th of the 12th month in the Tibetan calendar.
“Gu” in Tibetan means nine,which is a lucky number.“Tu” means “pasta.” Nine different fillings like wool,charcoal and chili are placed inside the dough drops,and each of these fillings has a meaning.
“It is the Tibetan New Year’s Eve tomorrow.The family and relatives will be gathered together and welcoming a warm New Year at the new home,” Tsewang said on Sunday.
For 46-year-old Li Xijun,from northwest China’s Gansu Province,celebrating Tibetan New Year with his wife Drolma Tsering has become a part of his life after living in Tibet for 26 years.
“We celebrate both Spring Festival and Tibetan New Year at home,” he said.Li started his commercial trade business in Tibet after retiring from the army in 1997.He met his wife in 2000,and has since settled in the border county of Yadong to take care of Drolma Tsering’s parents and younger sister.
It is the third Tibetan New Year for Yuan Yubing from Shanghai.Yuan came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting in 2017 and married Losang Samkhar,her studio teacher,the following year.
“I was more of a spectator when I first celebrated the festival,” Yuan said.But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.
Yuan and her mother-in-law have cleaned up the windows at home,and all the New Year’s goods are ready.She has even replaced her mother-in-law to cook for the family for New Year’s Eve.“Coming to Tibet makes me feel that my heart has found a home,” she said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了藏历新年的一些习俗以及人们庆祝藏历新年的经历。
8.The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on .
A.Sunday B.Monday
C.Tuesday D.Wednesday
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘It is the...said on Sunday.”可知,周一是2023年藏历新年,故选B项。
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9.Tibetan New Year and Spring Festival share the same features except that .
A.it is a great opportunity for reunion
B.people will enjoy traditional dishes like “gutu”
C.people will gather and welcome the arrival of New Year
D.people will prepare New Year’s goods ahead of time
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“With a sweet smell...in the Tibetan calendar.”可知,B选项“人们会享用传统的菜肴,比如‘gutu’”不是共同点,故选B项。
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10.In the last but one paragraph,by saying “I was more of a spectator”,Yuan wants to express that .
A.she was not interested in Tibetan New Year at all
B.she celebrated Spring Festival only all the time
C.she had no sense of belonging there at that time
D.she had no idea about the Tibetan New Year customs then
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.”可推知,袁女士生活了多年才了解了藏历新年的习俗,所以她说“我更多的是一个旁观者”来表达她当时对藏历新年的习俗一无所知,故选D项。
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11.About Li Xijun and Yuan Yubin,which of the statements is TRUE
A.They both came from Gansu Province.
B.They both came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting.
C.They both probably married a local in Tibet.
D.They both have settled down in Yadong.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段“For 46-year-old Li Xijun...in Tibet for 26 years.”以及倒数第二段“It is the third...the following year.”可知,关于这二人,C选项“他们可能都和西藏当地人结婚了”正确,故选C项。
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Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
Most Americans love Chinese food.However,the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine (烹饪) enjoyed daily by people living in China.The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s. 1 To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.Over the years,Chinese cuisine has made its way into the mainstream and has been adapted to reflect Western influences.
One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying.Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods. 2 Instead,methods such as baking,steaming,boiling and stewing (煨),are more commonly used.
3 Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.Some ingredients—like broccoli (西兰花),carrots,onions,tomatoes and dairy products (乳制品)—are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.
In addition,most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume.Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc. 4 Meanwhile,many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.Sweet and Sour Chicken,for example,has no equivalent in traditional Chinese cuisine. 5
A.Another big difference is the ingredients used.
B.Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.
C.There are so many traditional Chinese dishes in China.
D.Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.
E.Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.
F.However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.
G.Most cultural groups brought their customs and cuisines along with them.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国菜在西方的餐馆中西方化的历史过程,同时也指出了二者在烹饪方法、选材等方面的不同。
1.D [根据前文“The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.”可知,中国菜是19世纪传入西方的,交代了西方化中餐的历史背景。同时根据下文“To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.”可知,此处表示人们将开设中餐馆作为谋生手段。D选项“Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.”承接上文,引起下文,指出因为许多中国移民在美国找工作都遇到了困难,所以为了谋生,他们中的一些人开了餐馆。下文中them指代的D选项中的many Chinese immigrants。故选D。]
2.F [根据前文“One of the main...in cooking methods.”以及前文“Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.”可知,本段介绍传统中国菜与西化的中国菜在烹饪方法上的区别。F选项“However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.”承接前文,指出传统中国菜的烹饪方法与西化中国菜之间的区别,符合语境。故选F。]
3.A [根据后文的“Westernized Chinese food...in authentic Chinese cooking.”可知,本段主要介绍的是西化的中餐和传统中餐两者之间原料选用的不同。A选项“Another big difference is the ingredients used.(另一个很大的不同是所用的原料。)”概括本段主旨。故选A。]
4.B [根据前文“Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc.”可知,西方人不太喜欢吃中国菜中常用的肉菜。B选项“Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.(西方人一般不会选择吃它们。)”中的them指代前文的protein sources,与前文呼应。故选B。]
5.E [根据前文“Meanwhile,many of...Chinese cuisine.”可知,有很多菜在传统的中餐馆是没有供应的,而是在西方化的中国菜中进行了重新创作和本土化的过程,此处以糖醋鸡为例。E选项“Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.(同样,幸运饼干完全是美国人的发明。)”以幸运饼干为例,与前文的糖醋鸡构成并列,指出这些菜都是只在西方出现的中国菜式。故选E。]
