Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
[核心单词·练通]
1.trap /tr p/ vt.使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
2.release /r li s/ vt.发布;释放;松开;发泄 n.释放;发行;排放,泄漏
3.ambulance / mbj l ns/ n.救护车
4.dozen / d zn/ n.许多;(一)打;十来个
5.scream /skri m/ vi.& vt.尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n.尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音
6.choke /t k/ vt.& vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来
7.false /f ls/ adj.错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的
8.sum /s m/ n.金额,款项;总和,总数;全部
[拓展单词·用活]
1.critical / kr t kl/ adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→critic n.批评家,评论家→criticize vt.& vi.批评,批判;指责,挑剔 vt.评论→critically adv.批判性地;危急地→criticism n.批评,批判;指责,挑剔;评论
2.extend / k stend/ vi.&vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展vt.提供;给予→extension n.延长,扩充;电话分机;延期
3.construction /k n str k n/ n.建筑,建造;建造物→construct vt.建造,建设
4.minor / ma n (r)/ adj.轻微的,次要的→minority n.少数,少数派;少数民族→minimum
/ m n m m/ n.最小值;最少量 adj.最低的,最小的→maximum / m ks m m/ n.最大量,最大限度 adj.最高的,最多的
5.bath /bɑ θ/ n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→bathe vi.&vt.洗澡;用水清洗
6.automatic / t m t k/ adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→automatically adv.自动地;无意识地,不假思索地
7.investigate / n vest ɡe t/ vt.&vi.侦查,调查;研究→investigation n.侦查,调查;探究
8.journalist / d n l st/ n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→journal n.报纸,刊物→journalism / d n l z m/ n.新闻业,新闻工作
9.contradict / k ntr d kt/ vt.相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥→contradiction n.矛盾,不一致→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的,对立的
10.factual / f kt u l/ adj.事实的,真实的→fact n.事实
11.differ / d f (r)/ vi.相异;意见相左→different adj.不同的,有差异的→difference n.差异,不同
12.conclusion /k n klu n/ n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→conclude vt.推断出 vt.& vi.(使)结束
13.accurate / kj r t/ adj.正确无误的;精确的→accuracy n.精确,准确→accurately adv.精确地,准确地
mitted /k m t d/ adj.尽心尽力的→commit vt.犯(罪/错误);承诺;花(钱或时间)→commitment/k m tm nt/ n.献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费
15.curiosity / kj ri s ti/ n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→curious adj.好奇的;稀奇的→curiously adv.好奇地
[阅读单词·识记]
1.bark /bɑ k/ vi.(狗)吠叫 vt.厉声发令 n.(狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮
2.cigarette / s ɡ ret/ n.香烟
3.carpet / kɑ p t/ n.地毯;覆盖地面的一层厚东西
4.priority /pra r ti/ n.优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
5.discrimination /d skr m ne n/ n.辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待
[重点短语·再现]
1.come about 发生
2.for instance 例如,比如
3.bring sth to light 揭露,披露
4.sum up 总结,概括
5.be committed to (doing) 致力于
6.put out 扑灭,熄灭;出版,发行
7.under control 处于控制之下
8.break out 爆发,突然发生
9.go off (爆竹、铃等)响,爆炸;(电灯)熄灭;(食物)变质,变坏
10.take...as an example 以……为例
11.dozens of 很多,许多
[典型句式·默背]
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.[句型公式] 主语+be thought+不定式
[教材原句] The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
2.[句型公式] Sb be about to do...when...
[教材原句] I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking.
我正要洗澡,这时听到有人在尖叫,有狗在吠叫。
核心单词练透
1.trap vt.(trapped;trapped;trapping)使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
教材原文 The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
感知 语言先输入
①If I ever get trapped outside my house again,my local telephone box will,sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人(做)某事
be/get trapped in 被困在……中,陷入困境
(2)fall into the trap (of doing sth) 落入(做某事的)的圈套
set a trap 设陷阱
运用 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Don’t fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.
③We get trapped (trap)in a cycle of anger and hurt,and miss out on the beauty of life as it happens.
④After they had been trapped in the mine for two days,the miners were finally rescued.
→Trapped in the mine for two days,the miners were finally rescued.(动词-ed形式短语作状语)
2.release vt.发布;释放;松开;发泄 n.释放;发行;排放,泄漏;新发行的东西;解脱,轻松感
教材原文 Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5,according to figures released by emergency services. 根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。
感知 语言先输入
①It took the rescuers half an hour to release the driver from the car trapped in the heavy snow.(动作描写)
②When practicing mindfulness,people can release emotions contributing to the physical stress.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)release sb/sth (from...) 把某人/某物(从……)释放/放出/放走
release pressure 释放压力
release a movie/book 发行电影/书
(2)on general release 正式上映
the latest new releases 最新发行的产品
a sense of release 轻松感,解脱感
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①On that festival,10,000 balloons were released (release)at the ceremony.
②Walking in the morning air has the potential to release you from stress.
③The film is on general release,or rather,it is being shown widely at local cinemas.
这部电影正在公映,更准确地说,它正在当地影院广泛放映。
④After the long meeting ended,everyone left the room with a sense of release.
长时间的会议结束后,每个人都带着一种解脱感离开了房间。
3.dozen n.许多;(一)打;十来个
教材原文 The fire has also left dozens of people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition.
大火还造成许多人受伤,其中5人情况危急。
感知 语言先输入
①This unbeatable price point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②Altogether,a dozen students in our class participated in the maths contest.(学校生活)
记牢 知识再梳理
dozens of 很多,许多
by the dozen 成打地;按打计算
in dozens = in large numbers 大批
half a dozen 半打,六个
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It appears in dozens (dozen)of movies,including all the Star Wars features.
②Surprisingly,in that bookstore,books are sold by the dozen.
③There was a big group of a dozen people at the table next to theirs.
他们旁边的那张桌子坐了一大群人,有十几个。
④This year they have introduced dozens of new products to extend their range.
今年他们发布了许多新产品,以扩大产品范围。
4.investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究 ·investigation n.调查;调查研究
教材原文 A team is currently investigating the accident further.
一个小组现正在对事故进行进一步调查。
感知 语言先输入
①I hope the customers’ complaints can be investigated quickly and efficiently.(投诉信)
②The source of infection for all three cases is still under investigation.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)investigate sb (for sth) (因为某事)调查某人
investigate into 对……进行调查
(2)under investigation 调查进行中;在调查研究中
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This is not the first time he has been investigated (investigate)by the police for fraud.
②An investigation (investigate) is underway to find out how the disaster happened.
③Both he and a crew member are being investigated for exposing people to danger,according to police.
据警方称,他和一名船员都因将人们置于危险之中而正在接受调查。
5.differ vi.相异,不同;意见相左 ·different adj.不同的,有区别的 ·difference n.不同之处;分歧
教材原文 For instance,the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. 例如,在这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道中,死亡人数截然不同。
感知 语言先输入
①The twins look similar.Nevertheless,they differ from each other in character and other aspects.
②All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about,let alone commit to memory.(2024·浙江1月卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)differ from 与……不同
differ in sth 在某方面不同
differ with sb (about/on/over sth) (在某事上)与某人意见相左
(2)A be different from B in sth 在某方面A和B不同
(3)make a difference (to sb/sth) (对……)有影响,起作用
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It’s clear that these carpets differ in colour and texture.
②I differed with him on/about/over how to deal with the second-hand books.
③西方国家的习俗和中国的习俗有着明显的不同。
→Customs in Western countries differ obviously from those in China.(differ)
→Customs in Western countries are obviously different from those in China.(different)
→There are obvious differences between customs in Western countries and those in China.(difference)
6.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 ·conclude v.得出结论;断定,推断出;结束
教材原文 When we come across such factual differences,we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information.
当我们发现这样的事实性差异时,不应该急于下结论,认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误的信息。
感知 语言先输入
①More tests should be conducted before we can come to a conclusion.
②Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion=to conclude 总之,最后
(2)conclude(...)with... 以……结束(……)
conclude (from...) that... (从……)推断出……
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It can be concluded (conclude) that the history of Great Britain is the history of English.
②I’ve come to the conclusion (conclude) that he’s not the right person for the job.
③我从我自己的经历中得出结论:有志者,事竟成。(演讲稿)
→I drew/came to/arrived at/reached a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will,there is a way.(conclusion)
→I concluded from my own experiences that where there is a will,there is a way.(conclude)
7.committed adj.尽心尽力的 ·commitment n.投入,献身;承诺;花费 ·commit v.犯(罪);承诺;忠于(某人);全心全意投入
教材原文 Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth,it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.
尽管记者致力于呈现真相,我们最好还是运用自己的判断力,而非完全依赖新闻报道。
感知 语言先输入
①All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about,let alone commit to memory.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②The achievement of your goal is assured the moment you commit yourself to it.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be committed to (doing) sth=commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/承诺(做)某事
(2)commit a crime 犯罪
commit (sth) to memory 把……学好记牢
(3)make a commitment 承诺
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment (commit).
②They committed to preserving (preserve)the rich heritage of the west-style house.
③致力于科学研究,他没有时间陪伴家人。(人物介绍)
→Committing himself to scientific research,he has no time to accompany his family.(commit)
→Committed to scientific research,he has no time to accompany his family.(committed)
片段巩固(学习压力) 用trap;release;dozen;investigate;differ;conclusion;committed完成片段
据调查,现在许多陷入学习恐慌的学生有很大的压力。他们的表现形式彼此不同,但共同点都是无处发泄他们紧张的情绪,因此许多教育学者也在致力于这方面的研究。总之,我们希望找到一种合适的方法来解决这个问题。 1.It is investigated(it作形式主语) that 2.dozens of students 3.who are trapped in(定语从句) study panic now have a lot of pressure. They 4.differ from each other in forms of expression,but the common thing is that they have nowhere 5.to release their nervous emotions(动词不定式), so many educational scholars 6.are also committed to the research(形容词短语) in this area.7.In conclusion(介词短语), we hope to find a suitable way to solve this problem.
短语句式通关
1.come about 发生
教材原文 How do these differences come about 这些差异是如何发生的呢
感知 语言先输入
①He felt confused about how the accident came about.(心理描写)
②How did the national park system come about (2024·全国甲卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
come across (偶然)遇见;碰见;被理解
come on 加油;开始;出场;得了吧
come out 出版;被获知;(花)开放
come up 走近;上来;被提及
come up with 找到;提出;想出
when it comes to... 当谈及……
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Can you tell me how the accident came about
②Several new books will have come out by the end of next month.
③Wolves cannot climb a tree so when you come across one,hide in the tree.
④He came up with a constructive idea at the meeting.
他在会上提出了一个建设性的想法。
2.bring sth to light 揭露,披露
教材原文 News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light.
随着新的事实被披露,在一个事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。
感知 语言先输入
①He is a journalist who dares to bring to light important issues affecting the community.(人物介绍)
②After a long journey,they finally managed to bring their adventure to an end.
记牢 知识再梳理
bring...(back)to life 使……苏醒,使有生气
bring...to an end 使……结束
bring up 养育;抚养;教育;
提出(话题);呕吐
bring about 引起;导致(事故、变化等)
bring down 使……降低;使……倒下
bring out 使显现;阐明
bring in 引进;挣得(钱)
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①New technology has brought about great changes to our life.
②She was brought up in the countryside by her grandparents.
③I have three part-time jobs,which bring in about ￡14,000 a year.
④The report brought dozens of unknown facts to light.
这篇报道披露了许多不为人知的事实。
⑤The museum’s collections bring this heritage back to life with a fascinating blend of working and static displays.
博物馆的藏品通过动态和静态展示的迷人融合,让这一遗产重获生命。
3.句型公式:主语+be thought+不定式
教材原文 The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
感知 语言先输入
①John Logie Baird is generally thought to have invented the television in 1925.
②He is said to have studied abroad for further education.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be thought to have done...意为“被认为做了……”,强调事情已经发生。
be thought+
(2)该结构还可以转换为“It is thought that...”的结构。
(3)常用于该结构的过去分词还有said、believed、considered、hoped、reported、suggested等。
运用 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①He is said to be doing (do) the experiment in the lab now.
②It is believed that he will be a promising athlete in the future.
③It is said that she wrote a report about wildlife protection the other day.
→She is said to have written a report about wildlife protection the other day.
④It is believed that she will go abroad for further study next month.
→She is believed to go abroad for further study next month.
4.句型公式:Sb be about to do...when...
教材原文 I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking.
我正要洗澡,这时听到有人在尖叫,有狗在吠叫。
感知 语言先输入
①Teri and Kim are about to leave the cottage when they hear someone come in.
②It was a cold night in Washington,D.C.,and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be doing...when... 正在做……,这时……
(2)be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
(3)had hardly done...when... 刚做完……这时……
[名师点津] 使用“had hardly done...when...”结构时,hardly如果放在句首,主句要用部分倒装句式。
运用 完成句子/同义句转换
①I was about to set out when it began to rain heavily.
我正要出发,这时开始下起大雨来了。
②I was about to give up the search when something in the bushes caught my eyes.
我正要放弃搜寻,这时灌木丛中有东西吸引了我的目光。
③I had hardly got home when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it.
→Hardly had I got home when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it.(倒装句式)
片段巩固(博士生李华) 用come about;主语+be+过去分词+不定式;Sb be about to do...when...完成片段
据说李华正在北京大学攻读博士学位。昨天晚上,他正要读报纸,突然看到了这样一条信息:“据报道,中国将在2030年前把宇航员送上月球。”他渴望这个愿望有一天能实现。 Li Hua 1.is said to be studying (主语+be+过去分词+不定式) for a doctorate at Peking University.Yesterday evening,2.he was about to read papers when (Sb be about to do...when...) he saw the information“3.It’s reported that (It is+过去分词+that...) China will send astronauts to the moon before the year of 2030.”He is eager for the wish 4.to come about one day.
高考热点微练
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①The successful conclusion of the deal was announced at a press conference.n.签订
②The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical.
adj.严重的;不稳定的;可能有危险的
③The escaped prisoners were eventually trapped in an underground garage and recaptured.vt.把……逼进,迫使……进入(不能逃脱的地方)
④The company extended a special discount to its local customers.vt.提供,给予
⑤A large sum has been allocated (划拨) for buying new books for the library.n.金额,款项
2.选出release的汉语意思
A.vt.发泄;宣泄 B.vt.松开;放开 C.vt.发布;公布 D.n.排放 E.vt.免除,解除;解雇
①The new law released employers from their obligation to recognize unions.E
②She burst into tears,releasing all her pent-up emotions.A
③Many countries have taken measures to cut back on the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.D
④The general ordered the soldiers not to release the rope,as it was so dangerous.B
⑤Up until now,the police have released no further details about the accident.C
[基础语境练]
Ⅰ.单词情景运用(每小题1分,共10分)
1.I’ve been asked to limit my speech to a maximum (最大限度) of ten minutes.
2.She choked(说不出话) up when she began to talk about her old friend.
3.Neither did they know how the discrimination (歧视) had come about nor did they care.
4.China’s National Highway 318,extending (延伸) over 5,000 kilometers is known for its amazing views.
5.My kids screamed (尖叫) with joy.We baked,iced and sprinkled for most of the day.
6.What you eat is critical / kr t kl/ to the amount of calcium (钙) in your bones.
7.He urged the participants of the meeting to set aside minor / ma n (r)/ differences.
8.Taking exercise can not only strengthen your body but also release you from stress.
9.Police are investigating possible links between the murders.
10.As a famous journalist,she has always had a nose for good news.
Ⅱ.词形转换填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The report presented at the meeting was highly factual (fact),providing accurate data and objective information.
2.Rescue workers were sent to relieve the trapped(trap) coal miners.
3.I have looked through dozens (dozen)of old books on economics.
4.I came to a conclusion(conclude) from my own experience,“No pains,no gains.”
5.The boy curiously(curious) followed and saw the sweet little dog in a yard.
6.Bathed(bath) in the warm sunshine,the old man felt at ease.
7.The local government has raised large sums of money for highway construction (construct).
8.He wants to make sure that schools are committed (commit) to providing alternative education.
9.To his surprise,the door opened automatically(automatic) as he approached.
10.Your contribution can make a big difference(differ) to the environmental protection.
Ⅲ.短语情景运用(每小题1.5分,共9分)
put out,draw a conclusion,differ from,bring...to light,to sum up,be committed to
1.To sum up,there are three main ways of tackling the problem.
2.The truth is unlikely to be brought to light by this investigation.
3.The President is committed to reforming health care.
4.She was rushing around madly,trying to put out the fire.
5.We can safely draw a conclusion from our discussion.
6.People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress.
Ⅳ.典型句式集训(每小题2分,共8分)
1.He was about to shut the door when an idea came to him.(be about to...when...)
他正准备关门时,突然想到了一个主意。
2.The expert is thought to have donated so much money to the quake-stricken area.(主语+be thought+不定式)
人们认为,那位专家向地震灾区捐赠了很多钱。
3.It is hoped that a new hospital should be built near the community.(it作形式主语)
人们希望在社区附近建一所新医院。
4.He adopts unique teaching methods,arousing the students’ curiosity.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
他采用独特的教学方法,这激起了学生们的求知欲。
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
Shoppers in the United States have many different retail stores (零售店) to choose from.You can shop at large department stores,furniture stores,jewelry stores,electronic equipment stores and many others.Another type of retail store—the catalog store,has become popular in the U.S.
Catalog stores offer much of the same goods as traditional retail stores.However,in these stores,shoppers select the items they wish to buy from large catalogs that are filled with photos and descriptions of all the different goods.The variety of products listed in the catalogs includes everything from baby clothing to video equipment and watches.The prices of these items are very low.In fact,the same items often cost more in other retail stores.And that’s the reason many people prefer to shop in catalog stores.
When shoppers go to a catalog store,they see many brand-name products on display.If they are interested in purchasing an item,they need to follow this simple procedure.
·First,they go to a counter to find the store’s catalog.
·They look in the catalog to find the exact item they wish to buy.
·Then,they fill out an order form with the name of the item,the item number from the catalog,the price,and their name and address.
·After completing the form,the customer gives it to a salesperson,who checks to see if the item is in stock.
If the item is available,the stockroom sends it on a conveyor belt (输送带) to the pick-up counter.When the item arrives at the pick-up counter,the customer’s name is called,and the customer pays for the item.
The whole procedure usually takes ten to twenty minutes.If the item isn’t available,the salesperson can usually check the store’s computer and find out when it will be in stock again.
Catalog stores usually don’t offer all the services that regular retail stores do.They usually don’t have many salespeople,so customers can’t expect to receive much assistance or attention from store employees.Customers need to know about the features and the quality of the items they wish to buy before they shop,since there isn’t much opportunity to ask questions or examine the product in the store.However,catalog stores offer quality items at lower prices,and consumers seem to appreciate this.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的一种新的零售商店形式the catalog store(目录商店),包括目录商店与传统零售商店的区别、购物流程及受欢迎的原因。
1.What is the difference between the traditional retail stores and the catalog stores
A.The prices of products in catalog stores are higher.
B.Shoppers select the items they need from large catalogs.
C.Catalog stores offer more products than the traditional stores.
D.Catalog stores usually offer all the services that regular retail stores do.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“However,in these stores,shoppers select the items...descriptions of all the different goods.”可推断出,传统零售店和目录商店的区别是在目录商店中,购物者从大目录中挑选他们需要的商品。故选B。]
2.Which of the following is the right procedure for a shopper in a catalog store
①Check the catalog to select the items.
②Fill out the order form.
③Wait at the pick-up counter.
④Find a catalog at a counter.
⑤Find a salesperson to check the form.
A.④-①-③-⑤-② B.①-④-②-③-⑤
C.④-①-②-⑤-③ D.④-②-⑤-③-①
答案 C [细节理解题。由第四段中“First,they go to...store’s catalog.”可知,顾客首先会去柜台找到商品目录;第五段中“They look in...wish to buy.”可知,接下来,他们在商品目录中查找他们想买的商品;由第六段中“Then,they fill out an order form with...name and address”可知,然后,他们需要填写一份订单;由第七段中“After completing...stock.”可知,填写完订单后,顾客把它交给销售人员,检查商品是否有存货;由第八段关键句“When the item...pays for the item.”可知,当商品到达提货柜台时,会叫顾客的名字,然后顾客付钱取货,也就是说顾客需要在提货柜台等待货物。故购物者在目录商店购物的正确程序是“④-①-②-⑤-③”。故选C。]
3.From the text we know that shopper of catalog stores .
A.become salespeople now
B.do the same as in retail stores
C.have more chances to examine the goods
D.should know the information of the goods ahead
答案 D [细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Customers need to know...the product in the store.”可推断出,在目录商店的购物者应该提前了解商品的信息。故选D。]
4.Catalog stores are popular mainly because they .
A.offer quality goods at lower prices
B.have many salespersons for service
C.can help save much time when doing shopping
D.offer the exact items the customer wishes to purchase
答案 A [细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“However,catalog stores offer quality items at lower prices,and consumers seem to appreciate this.”可推断出,目录商店受欢迎主要是因为它们以较低的价格提供高质量的商品。故选A。]
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Another branch of Lentil as Anything was opened in Melbourne’s St.Kilda in 2024.At the time, its founder,Shanaka Fernando,was living in a tent,so he knew something about what challenges those living a(n) 1 life faced.
Shanaka Fernando saw that lack of money was often the 2 to people who tried to connect and contribute to their community.The 3 of his Lentil as Anything from the onset was to re-engage those who were 4 .
What is special about Lentil as Anything is that it placed a 5 box on the counter instead of a cash register.Customers were asked to 6 what they felt their meal was worth and what they were 7 to donate towards the not-for-profit philosophy.The money left in the box was,and is 8 today,used to run the restaurant.
Shanaka Fernando 9 that instead of money alienating (使……疏远) people,it became a unifying force for his staff and his diners.The burden of paying Lentil as Anything’s 10 ,bills and rent is surrendered to the goodwill of the people.
Food is mostly 11 from local organic food suppliers and is prepared on-site and often served in buffet (自助餐) style allowing diners to 12 their own meals.For vegetarians (素食主义者) there are also a small range of vegan 13 .Over the past years,hundreds of the disadvantaged or 14 have worked at the Lentil as Anything restaurants.
In 2007,Shanaka Fernando was awarded the Australian of the Year award as local hero for his 15 culinary(烹饪的)company.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述澳大利亚人Shanaka Fernando创办了一家特殊的餐厅:Lentil as Anything。顾客们凭感觉付费,若囊中羞涩,可以少付钱,也欢迎热心人士慷慨解囊。这一善举帮助了无数人,同时也温暖了全世界。
1.A.normal B.hard
C.independent D.simple
答案 B [根据上文“living in a tent”和“challenges”可知,Shanaka Fernando知道那些生活艰难的(hard)人面临什么样的挑战。故选B。]
2.A.impression B.barrier
C.opportunity D.damage
答案 B [根据上文“lack of money”可知,他知道缺钱这个问题对于这些试图融入社区以及对社区做出贡献的人来说是一个障碍(barrier)。故选B。]
3.A.aim B.approach
C.interest D.condition
答案 A [根据语境可知,他的餐厅从一开始的目的(aim)就是让那些被抛弃的人重新参与进来。故选A。]
4.A.carried away B.left behind
C.looked after D.picked out
答案 B [根据上文内容可知,他想帮助那些生活艰难、被抛弃的人。leave behind “把……抛在后面”,符合语境。故选B。]
5.A.comment B.mail
C.litter D.donation
答案 D [根据下文“to donate”可知,这个餐厅的特殊之处在于柜台放的并不是收银机,而是一个捐款(donation)箱。故选D。]
6.A.count B.save
C.pay D.charge
答案 C [根据下文“what they felt their meal was worth”可知,餐厅的顾客认为这一餐值多少钱就可以付(pay)多少钱。故选C。]
7.A.happy B.hesitant
C.curious D.wise
答案 A [根据下文“to donate towards the not-for-profit philosophy”可知,对于愿意慷慨解囊的人来说,他们乐意(happy)额外捐多少就捐多少。故选A。]
8.A.therefore B.yet
C.still D.otherwise
答案 C [根据下文“used to run the restaurant”可知,捐款箱里的钱过去和现在仍(still)被用来经营餐馆。故选C。]
9.A.predicted B.imagined
C.demanded D.witnessed
答案 D [根据下文“instead of money...and his diners”可知,Shanaka Fernando见证了(witnessed)金钱并没有使人们疏远,反而成了他的员工和用餐者之间一股凝聚的力量。故选D。]
10.A.customers B.staff
C.budget D.cash
答案 B [根据上下文内容可知,支付员工(staff)薪水、水电账单和房租的负担也臣服于人们的好意了。故选B。]
11.A.processed B.developed
C.created D.sourced
答案 D [根据下文“from local organic...served in buffet style”可知,食品大多数从当地有机食品供应商处获得(sourced),现场准备,并且经常以自助的形式提供给顾客。source用作动词,意为“(从某处)获得”。故选D。]
12.A.choose B.share
C.deliver D.reserve
答案 A [根据上文“served in buffet style”可知,食品以自助餐形式呈现,用餐者可以随心选择(choose)自己想要的食物。故选A。]
13.A.topics B.options
C.limits D.restaurants
答案 B [根据上文“vegetarians”可知,对于素食主义者来说,也有一些全素的选择(options)。故选B。]
14.A.unemployed B.unsatisfied
C.misunderstood D.misbehaved
答案 A [根据上下文内容可知,在过去几年里,数以百计贫困的或失业的人在这个餐馆工作。此处指的是这个餐馆给失业人员(unemployed)提供工作机会。故选A。]
15.A.formal B.professional
C.unique D.temporary
答案 C [根据文章内容可知,Shanaka Fernando创办了一家旨在帮助弱势群体的特殊餐厅,因其独特性而被授予“澳大利亚年度人物”。unique与第三段中的“special”相呼应。故选C。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 阅读理解:salesperson n.售货员 完形填空:onset n.开始 re-engage vt.重新参与 unifying adj.统一的 surrender v.屈服
主题词块 阅读理解:the catalog store目录商店 完形填空:the not-for-profit philosophy非营利理念
熟词生义 完形填空:run熟义:v.跑;奔跑;生义:v.管理;经营 The money left in the box was,and is still today,used to run the restaurant. 盒子里剩下的钱过去是、现在仍然是用来经营餐馆的。 He has no idea how to run a business. 他丝毫不懂如何管理企业。
难句剖析 完形填空:At the time,its founder,Shanaka Fernando,was living in a tent,so he knew something about what challenges those living a hard life faced. [译文] 当时,它的创始人沙纳卡·费尔南多住在帐篷里,所以他对那些生活艰难的人面临的挑战有所了解。 [分析] 本句是并列复合句,so前边的分句,其主句是its founder was living in a tent,Shanaka Fernando是同位语;so后边的分句what引导宾语从句, living a hard life是现在分词短语作后置定语。(共110张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
内
容
索
引
必备知识自测
核心考点突破
课时测评作业
必 备 知 识 自 测
[核心单词·练通]
1. /tr p/ vt.使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
2. /r li s/ vt.发布;释放;松开;发泄 n.释放;发行;排放,泄漏
3. / mbj l ns/ n.救护车
4. / d zn/ n.许多;(一)打;十来个
trap
release
ambulance
dozen
5. /skri m/ vi.& vt.尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n.尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音
6. /t k/ vt.& vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来
7. /f ls/ adj.错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的
8. /s m/ n.金额,款项;总和,总数;全部
scream
choke
false
sum
[拓展单词·用活]
1. / kr t kl/ adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→critic n.批评家,评论家→criticize vt.& vi.批评,批判;指责,挑剔 vt.评论→critically adv.批判性地;危急地→criticism n.批评,批判;指责,挑剔;评论
2. / k stend/ vi.&vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展vt.提供;给予→extension n.延长,扩充;电话分机;延期
critical
extend
3. /k n str k n/ n.建筑,建造;建造物→construct vt.建造,建设
4. / ma n (r)/ adj.轻微的,次要的→minority n.少数,少数派;少数民族→ / m n m m/ n.最小值;最少量 adj.最低的,最小的→ / m ks m m/ n.最大量,最大限度 adj.最高的,最多的
5. /bɑ θ/ n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→bathe vi.&vt.洗澡;用水清洗
construction
minor
minimum
maximum
bath
6. / t m t k/ adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→automatically adv.自动地;无意识地,不假思索地
7. / n vest ɡe t/ vt.&vi.侦查,调查;研究→investigation n.侦查,调查;探究
8. / d n l st/ n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→journal n.报纸,刊物→ / d n l z m/ n.新闻业,新闻工作
9. / k ntr d kt/ vt.相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥→ contradiction n.矛盾,不一致→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的,对立的
automatic
investigate
journalist
journalism
contradict
10. / f kt u l/ adj.事实的,真实的→fact n.事实
11. / d f (r)/ vi.相异;意见相左→different adj.不同的,有差异的→difference n.差异,不同
12. /k n klu n/ n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→conclude vt.推断出 vt.& vi.(使)结束
13. / kj r t/ adj.正确无误的;精确的→accuracy n.精确,准确→accurately adv.精确地,准确地
factual
differ
conclusion
accurate
14. /k m t d/ adj.尽心尽力的→commit vt.犯(罪/错误);承诺;花(钱或时间)→commitment/k m tm nt/ n.献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费
15. / kj ri s ti/ n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→curious adj.好奇的;稀奇的→curiously adv.好奇地
committed
curiosity
[阅读单词·识记]
1.bark /bɑ k/ vi.
vt.
n.
2.cigarette / s ɡ ret/ n.
3.carpet / kɑ p t/ n.
4.priority /pra r ti/ n.
5.discrimination /d skr m ne n/ n.
(狗)吠叫
厉声发令
(狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮
香烟
地毯;覆盖地面的一层厚东西
优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待
[重点短语·再现]
1. 发生
2. 例如,比如
3. 揭露,披露
4. 总结,概括
5. 致力于
come about
for instance
bring sth to light
sum up
be committed to (doing)
6.put out
7.under control
8.break out
9.go off
10.take...as an example
11.dozens of
扑灭,熄灭;出版,发行
处于控制之下
爆发,突然发生
(爆竹、铃等)响,爆炸;(电灯)熄灭;(食物)变质,变坏
以……为例
很多,许多
[典型句式·默背]
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.[句型公式] 主语＋be thought＋不定式
[教材原句] The fire,which
from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
is thought to have started
2.[句型公式] Sb be about to do...when...
[教材原句] I
I heard people screaming and dogs barking.
我正要洗澡,这时听到有人在尖叫,有狗在吠叫。
was about to have a bath when
核 心 考 点 突 破
核心单词练透
高考热点微练
短语句式通关
核心单词练透
1.trap vt.(trapped;trapped;trapping)使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
教材原文 The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
感知 语言先输入
①If I ever get trapped outside my house again,my local telephone box will,sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys.
(2024·浙江1月卷)
②You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人(做)某事
be/get trapped in 被困在……中,陷入困境
(2)fall into the trap (of doing sth) 落入(做某事的)的圈套
set a trap 设陷阱
运用 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Don’t fall the trap of investing all your money in one place.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into (buy) their poor quality milk.
③We get (trap)in a cycle of anger and hurt,and miss out on the beauty of life as it happens.
into
buying
trapped
④After they had been trapped in the mine for two days,the miners were finally rescued.
→ ,the miners were finally rescued.(动词－ed形式短语作状语)
Trapped in the mine for two days
2.release vt.发布;释放;松开;发泄 n.释放;发行;排放,泄漏;新发行的东西;解脱,轻松感
教材原文 Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services.
根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。
感知 语言先输入
①It took the rescuers half an hour to release the driver from the car trapped in the heavy snow.(动作描写)
②When practicing mindfulness,people can release emotions contributing to the physical stress.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)release sb/sth (from...) 把某人/某物(从……)释放/放出/放走
release pressure 释放压力
release a movie/book 发行电影/书
(2)on general release 正式上映
the latest new releases 最新发行的产品
a sense of release 轻松感,解脱感
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①On that festival,10,000 balloons (release) at the ceremony.
②Walking in the morning air has the potential to release you __________stress.
③The film is ,or rather,it is being shown widely at local cinemas.
这部电影正在公映,更准确地说,它正在当地影院广泛放映。
were released
from
on general release
④After the long meeting ended,everyone left the room
.
长时间的会议结束后,每个人都带着一种解脱感离开了房间。
with a sense of release
3.dozen n.许多;(一)打;十来个
教材原文 The fire has also left dozens of people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition. 大火还造成许多人受伤,其中5人情况危急。
感知 语言先输入
①This unbeatable price point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying.
(2024·浙江1月卷)
②Altogether,a dozen students in our class participated in the maths contest.(学校生活)
记牢 知识再梳理
dozens of 很多,许多
by the dozen 成打地;按打计算
in dozens ＝ in large numbers 大批
half a dozen 半打,六个
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It appears in (dozen)of movies,including all the Star Wars features.
②Surprisingly,in that bookstore,books are sold the dozen.
③There was at the table next to theirs.
他们旁边的那张桌子坐了一大群人,有十几个。
dozens
by
a big group of a dozen people
④This year they have introduced
to extend their range.
今年他们发布了许多新产品,以扩大产品范围。
dozens of new products
4.investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究 ·investigation n.调查;调查研究
教材原文 A team is currently investigating the accident further.
一个小组现正在对事故进行进一步调查。
感知 语言先输入
①I hope the customers’ complaints can be investigated quickly and efficiently.(投诉信)
②The source of infection for all three cases is still under investigation.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)investigate sb (for sth) (因为某事)调查某人
investigate into 对……进行调查
(2)under investigation 调查进行中;在调查研究中
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This is not the first time he (investigate)by the police for fraud.
②An (investigate) is underway to find out how the disaster happened.
③Both he and a crew member _________________________________ exposing people to danger, according to police.
据警方称,他和一名船员都因将人们置于危险之中而正在接受调查。
has been investigated
investigation
are being investigated for
5.differ vi.相异,不同;意见相左
·different adj.不同的,有区别的 ·difference n.不同之处;分歧
教材原文 For instance,the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire.
例如,在这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道中,死亡人数截然不同。
感知 语言先输入
①The twins look similar.Nevertheless,they differ from each other in character and other aspects.
②All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about,let alone commit to memory.(2024·浙江1月卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)differ from 与……不同
differ in sth 在某方面不同
differ with sb (about/on/over sth) (在某事上)与某人意见相左
(2)A be different from B in sth 在某方面A和B不同
(3)make a difference (to sb/sth) (对……)有影响,起作用
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It’s clear that these carpets differ colour and texture.
②I differed with him how to deal with the second－hand books.
in
on/about/over
③西方国家的习俗和中国的习俗有着明显的不同。
→Customs in Western countries in China.(differ)
→Customs in Western countries _______________________________ in China.(different)
→There are between customs in Western countries and those in China.(difference)
differ obviously from those
are obviously different from those
obvious differences
6.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 ·conclude v.得出结论;断定,推断出;结束
教材原文 When we come across such factual differences,we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information.
当我们发现这样的事实性差异时,不应该急于下结论,认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误的信息。
感知 语言先输入
①More tests should be conducted before we can come to a conclusion.
②Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论
in conclusion＝to conclude 总之,最后
(2)conclude(...)with... 以……结束(……)
conclude (from...) that... (从……)推断出……
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It can be (conclude) that the history of Great Britain is the history of English.
②I’ve come to the (conclude) that he’s not the right person for the job.
concluded
conclusion
③我从我自己的经历中得出结论:有志者,事竟成。(演讲稿)
→I ________________________________________________________
______________ that where
there is a will,there is a way.(conclusion)
→I that where there is a will,there is a way.(conclude)
drew/came to/arrived at/reached a conclusion from my own experiences
concluded from my own experiences
7.committed adj.尽心尽力的 ·commitment n.投入,献身;承诺;花费
·commit v.犯(罪);承诺;忠于(某人);全心全意投入
教材原文 Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth,it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.
尽管记者致力于呈现真相,我们最好还是运用自己的判断力,而非完全依赖新闻报道。
感知 语言先输入
①All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about,let alone commit to memory.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②The achievement of your goal is assured the moment you commit yourself to it.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be committed to (doing) sth＝commit oneself to (doing) sth
致力于/承诺(做)某事
(2)commit a crime 犯罪
commit (sth) to memory 把……学好记牢
(3)make a commitment 承诺
运用 单句语法填空/一句多译
①A career as an actor requires one hundred percent ______________ (commit).
②They committed to (preserve)the rich heritage of the west－style house.
commitment
preserving
③致力于科学研究,他没有时间陪伴家人。(人物介绍)
→ ,he has no time to accompany his family.(commit)
→ ,he has no time to accompany his family.(committed)
Committing himself to scientific research
Committed to scientific research
片段巩固(学习压力)
用trap;release;dozen;investigate;differ;conclusion;committed完成片段
据调查,现在许多陷入学习恐慌的学生有很大的压力。他们的表现形式彼此不同,但共同点都是无处发泄他们紧张的情绪,因此许多教育学者也在致力于这方面的研究。总之,我们希望找到一种合适的方法来解决这个问题。
1. (it作形式主语) that 2.____________students 3. (定语从句) study panic now have a lot of pressure. They 4. in forms of expression, but the common thing is that they have nowhere 5.____________________ _____________________(动词不定式), so many educational scholars 6.____________________________________ (形容词短语) in this area. 7. (介词短语), we hope to find a suitable way to solve this problem.
It is investigated
dozens of
who are trapped in
differ from each other
to release their nervous
emotions
are also committed to the research
In conclusion
1.come about 发生
教材原文 How do these differences come about
这些差异是如何发生的呢
感知 语言先输入
①He felt confused about how the accident came about.(心理描写)
②How did the national park system come about (2024·全国甲卷)
短语句式通关
记牢 知识再梳理
come across (偶然)遇见;碰见;被理解
come on 加油;开始;出场;得了吧
come out 出版;被获知;(花)开放
come up 走近;上来;被提及
come up with 找到;提出;想出
when it comes to... 当谈及……
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Can you tell me how the accident came
②Several new books will have come by the end of next month.
③Wolves cannot climb a tree so when you come __________________ one,hide in the tree.
④He at the meeting.
他在会上提出了一个建设性的想法。
about
out
across
came up with a constructive idea
2.bring sth to light 揭露,披露
教材原文 News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light.
随着新的事实被披露,在一个事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。
感知 语言先输入
①He is a journalist who dares to bring to light important issues affecting the community.(人物介绍)
②After a long journey,they finally managed to bring their adventure to an end.
记牢 知识再梳理
bring...(back)to life 使……苏醒,使有生气
bring...to an end 使……结束
bring up 养育;抚养;教育;提出(话题);呕吐
bring about 引起;导致(事故、变化等)
bring down 使……降低;使……倒下
bring out 使显现;阐明
bring in 引进;挣得(钱)
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①New technology has brought great changes to our life.
②She was brought in the countryside by her grandparents.
③I have three part－time jobs,which bring about ￡14,000 a year.
about
up
in
④The report .
这篇报道披露了许多不为人知的事实。
⑤The museum’s collections ________________________________ with a fascinating blend of working and static displays.
博物馆的藏品通过动态和静态展示的迷人融合,让这一遗产重获生命。
brought dozens of unknown facts to light
bring this heritage back to life
3.句型公式:主语＋be thought＋不定式
教材原文 The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。
感知 语言先输入
①John Logie Baird is generally thought to have invented the television in 1925.
②He is said to have studied abroad for further education.
运用 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①He is said to be (do) the experiment in the lab now.
②It is believed he will be a promising athlete in the future.
③It is said that she wrote a report about wildlife protection the other day.
→She a report about wildlife protection the other day.
doing
that
is said to have written
④It is believed that she will go abroad for further study next month.
→She for further study next month.
is believed to go abroad
4.句型公式:Sb be about to do...when...
教材原文 I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡,这时听到有人在尖叫,有狗在吠叫。
感知 语言先输入
①Teri and Kim are about to leave the cottage when they hear someone come in.
②It was a cold night in Washington,D.C.,and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)be doing...when...正在做……,这时……
(2)be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
(3)had hardly done...when... 刚做完……这时……
[名师点津] 使用“had hardly done...when...”结构时,hardly如果放在句首,主句要用部分倒装句式。
运用 完成句子/同义句转换
①I it began to rain heavily.
我正要出发,这时开始下起大雨来了。
②I something in the bushes caught my eyes.
我正要放弃搜寻,这时灌木丛中有东西吸引了我的目光。
was about to set out when
was about to give up the search when
③I had hardly got home when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it.
→ I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it.(倒装句式)
Hardly had I got home when
片段巩固(博士生李华)
用come about;主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式;Sb be about to do...when...完成片段
据说李华正在北京大学攻读博士学位。昨天晚上,他正要读报纸,突然看到了这样一条信息:“据报道,中国将在2030年前把宇航员送上月球。”他渴望这个愿望有一天能实现。
Li Hua 1. (主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式) for a doctorate at Peking University.Yesterday evening, 2._______________________________ (Sb be about to do...when...) he saw the information “3._______________________ (It is＋过去分词＋that...) China will send astronauts to the moon before the year of 2030.”He is eager for the wish 4. one day.
is said to be studying
he was about to read papers when
It’s reported that
to come about
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①The successful conclusion of the deal was announced at a press conference.
②The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical.
③The escaped prisoners were eventually trapped in an underground garage and recaptured.
n.签订
高考热点微练
adj.严重的;不稳定的;可能有危险的
vt.把……逼进,迫使……进入(不能逃脱的地方)
④The company extended a special discount to its local customers.
⑤A large sum has been allocated (划拨) for buying new books for the library.
vt.提供,给予
n.金额,款项
2.选出release的汉语意思
A.vt.发泄;宣泄 B.vt.松开;放开 C.vt.发布;公布 D.n.排放 E.vt.免除,解除;解雇
①The new law released employers from their obligation to recognize unions.
②She burst into tears,releasing all her pent－up emotions.
③Many countries have taken measures to cut back on the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
E
A
D
④The general ordered the soldiers not to release the rope,as it was so dangerous.
⑤Up until now,the police have released no further details about the accident.
B
C
课 时 测 评 作 业
基础语境练
素能提升练
[基础语境练]
Ⅰ.单词情景运用(每小题1分,共10分)
1.I’ve been asked to limit my speech to a (最大限度) of ten minutes.
2.She (说不出话) up when she began to talk about her old friend.
3.Neither did they know how the (歧视) had come about nor did they care.
maximum
choked
discrimination
4.China’s National Highway 318, (延伸) over 5,000 kilometers is known for its amazing views.
5.My kids (尖叫) with joy.We baked,iced and sprinkled for most of the day.
6.What you eat is / kr t kl/ to the amount of calcium (钙) in your bones.
7.He urged the participants of the meeting to set aside ____________ / ma n (r)/ differences.
extending
screamed
critical
minor
8.Taking exercise can not only strengthen your body but also r____________you from stress.
9.Police are i possible links between the murders.
10.As a famous j ,she has always had a nose for good news.
elease
nvestigating
ournalist
Ⅱ.词形转换填空(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The report presented at the meeting was highly _____________(fact), providing accurate data and objective information.
2.Rescue workers were sent to relieve the________ (trap) coal miners.
3.I have looked through (dozen)of old books on economics.
4.I came to a (conclude) from my own experience, “No pains,no gains.”
factual
trapped
dozens
conclusion
5.The boy (curious) followed and saw the sweet little dog in a yard.
6. (bath) in the warm sunshine,the old man felt at ease.
7.The local government has raised large sums of money for highway __________________(construct).
8.He wants to make sure that schools are ______________(commit) to providing alternative education.
curiously
Bathed
construction
committed
9.To his surprise,the door opened (automatic) as he approached.
10.Your contribution can make a big (differ) to the environmental protection.
automatically
difference
Ⅲ.短语情景运用(每小题1.5分,共9分)
put out,draw a conclusion,differ from,bring...to light,to sum up,be committed to
1. , there are three main ways of tackling the problem.
2.The truth is unlikely to by this investigation.
3.The President reforming health care.
4.She was rushing around madly,trying to________________the fire.
To sum up
be brought to light
is committed to
put out
5.We can safely from our discussion.
6.People one another in their ability to handle stress.
draw a conclusion
differ from
Ⅳ.典型句式集训(每小题2分,共8分)
1.He an idea came to him.
(be about to...when...)
他正准备关门时,突然想到了一个主意。
2.The expert to the quake-stricken area. (主语+be thought+不定式)
人们认为,那位专家向地震灾区捐赠了很多钱。
was about to shut the door when
is thought to have donated so much money
3. a new hospital should be built near the community. (it作形式主语)
人们希望在社区附近建一所新医院。
4.He adopts unique teaching methods, .
(现在分词短语作结果状语)
他采用独特的教学方法,这激起了学生们的求知欲。
It is hoped that
arousing the students’ curiosity
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
Shoppers in the United States have many different retail stores (零售店) to choose from.You can shop at large department stores,furniture stores,jewelry stores,electronic equipment stores and many others.Another type of retail store—the catalog store,has become popular in the U.S.
Catalog stores offer much of the same goods as traditional retail stores.However,in these stores,shoppers select the items they wish to buy from large catalogs that are filled with photos and descriptions of all the different goods.The variety of products listed in the catalogs includes everything from baby clothing to video equipment and watches.The prices of these items are very low.In fact,the same items often cost more in other retail stores.And that’s the reason many people prefer to shop in catalog stores.
When shoppers go to a catalog store,they see many brand-name products on display.If they are interested in purchasing an item,they need to follow this simple procedure.
·First,they go to a counter to find the store’s catalog.
·They look in the catalog to find the exact item they wish to buy.
·Then,they fill out an order form with the name of the item,the item number from the catalog,the price,and their name and address.
·After completing the form,the customer gives it to a salesperson,who checks to see if the item is in stock.
If the item is available,the stockroom sends it on a conveyor belt (输送带) to the pick-up counter.When the item arrives at the pick-up counter,the customer’s name is called,and the customer pays for the item.
The whole procedure usually takes ten to twenty minutes.If the item isn’t available,the salesperson can usually check the store’s computer and find out when it will be in stock again.
Catalog stores usually don’t offer all the services that regular retail stores do.They usually don’t have many salespeople,so customers can’t expect to receive much assistance or attention from store employees.Customers need to know about the features and the quality of the items they wish to buy before they shop,since there isn’t much opportunity to ask questions or examine the product in the store.However,catalog stores offer quality items at lower prices,and consumers seem to appreciate this.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的一种新的零售商店形式the catalog store(目录商店),包括目录商店与传统零售商店的区别、购物流程及受欢迎的原因。
1.What is the difference between the traditional retail stores and the catalog stores
A.The prices of products in catalog stores are higher.
B.Shoppers select the items they need from large catalogs.
C.Catalog stores offer more products than the traditional stores.
D.Catalog stores usually offer all the services that regular retail stores do.
√
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“However,in these stores,shoppers select the items...descriptions of all the different goods.”可推断出,传统零售店和目录商店的区别是在目录商店中,购物者从大目录中挑选他们需要的商品。故选B。
2.Which of the following is the right procedure for a shopper in a catalog store
①Check the catalog to select the items.
②Fill out the order form.
③Wait at the pick-up counter.
④Find a catalog at a counter.
⑤Find a salesperson to check the form.
A.④-①-③-⑤-② B.①-④-②-③-⑤
C.④-①-②-⑤-③ D.④-②-⑤-③-①
√
解析 细节理解题。由第四段中“First,they go to...store’s catalog.”可知,顾客首先会去柜台找到商品目录;第五段中“They look in...wish to buy.”可知,接下来,他们在商品目录中查找他们想买的商品;由第六段中“Then,they fill out an order form with...name and address”可知,然后,他们需要填写一份订单;由第七段中“After completing...stock.”可知,填写完订单后,顾客把它交给销售人员,检查商品是否有存货;由第八段关键句“When the item...pays for the item.”可知,当商品到达提货柜台时,会叫顾客的名字,然后顾客付钱取货,也就是说顾客需要在提货柜台等待货物。故购物者在目录商店购物的正确程序是“④-①-②-⑤-③”。故选C。
3.From the text we know that shopper of catalog stores .
A.become salespeople now
B.do the same as in retail stores
C.have more chances to examine the goods
D.should know the information of the goods ahead
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Customers need to know...the product in the store.”可推断出,在目录商店的购物者应该提前了解商品的信息。故选D。
√
4.Catalog stores are popular mainly because they .
A.offer quality goods at lower prices
B.have many salespersons for service
C.can help save much time when doing shopping
D.offer the exact items the customer wishes to purchase
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“However,catalog stores offer quality items at lower prices,and consumers seem to appreciate this.”可推断出,目录商店受欢迎主要是因为它们以较低的价格提供高质量的商品。故选A。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Another branch of Lentil as Anything was opened in Melbourne’s St.Kilda in 2024.At the time, its founder,Shanaka Fernando,was living in a tent,so he knew something about what challenges those living a(n) 1 life faced.
Shanaka Fernando saw that lack of money was often the 2 to people who tried to connect and contribute to their community.The 3 of his Lentil as Anything from the onset was to re-engage those who were 4 .
What is special about Lentil as Anything is that it placed a 5 box on the counter instead of a cash register.Customers were asked to 6 what they felt their meal was worth and what they were 7 to donate towards the not-for-profit philosophy.The money left in the box was,and is 8 today,used to run the restaurant.
Shanaka Fernando 9 that instead of money alienating (使……疏远) people,it became a unifying force for his staff and his diners.The burden of paying Lentil as Anything’s 10 ,bills and rent is surrendered to the goodwill of the people.
Food is mostly 11 from local organic food suppliers and is prepared on-site and often served in buffet (自助餐) style allowing diners to 12 their own meals.For vegetarians (素食主义者) there are also a small range of vegan 13 .Over the past years,hundreds of the disadvantaged or 14 have worked at the Lentil as Anything restaurants.
In 2007,Shanaka Fernando was awarded the Australian of the Year award as local hero for his 15 culinary(烹饪的)company.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述澳大利亚人Shanaka Fernando创办了一家特殊的餐厅:Lentil as Anything。顾客们凭感觉付费,若囊中羞涩,可以少付钱,也欢迎热心人士慷慨解囊。这一善举帮助了无数人,同时也温暖了全世界。
1.A.normal B.hard C.independent D.simple
解析 根据上文“living in a tent”和“challenges”可知,Shanaka Fernando知道那些生活艰难的(hard)人面临什么样的挑战。故选B。
2.A.impression B.barrier C.opportunity D.damage
解析 根据上文“lack of money”可知,他知道缺钱这个问题对于这些试图融入社区以及对社区做出贡献的人来说是一个障碍(barrier)。故选B。
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3.A.aim B.approach
C.interest D.condition
解析 根据语境可知,他的餐厅从一开始的目的(aim)就是让那些被抛弃的人重新参与进来。故选A。
4.A.carried away B.left behind
C.looked after D.picked out
解析 根据上文内容可知,他想帮助那些生活艰难、被抛弃的人。leave behind “把……抛在后面”,符合语境。故选B。
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5.A.comment B.mail
C.litter D.donation
解析 根据下文“to donate”可知,这个餐厅的特殊之处在于柜台放的并不是收银机,而是一个捐款(donation)箱。故选D。
6.A.count B.save
C.pay D.charge
解析 根据下文“what they felt their meal was worth”可知,餐厅的顾客认为这一餐值多少钱就可以付(pay)多少钱。故选C。
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7.A.happy B.hesitant C.curious D.wise
解析 根据下文“to donate towards the not-for-profit philosophy”可知,对于愿意慷慨解囊的人来说,他们乐意(happy)额外捐多少就捐多少。故选A。
8.A.therefore B.yet C.still D.otherwise
解析 根据下文“used to run the restaurant”可知,捐款箱里的钱过去和现在仍(still)被用来经营餐馆。故选C。
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9.A.predicted B.imagined
C.demanded D.witnessed
解析 根据下文“instead of money...and his diners”可知,Shanaka Fernando见证了(witnessed)金钱并没有使人们疏远,反而成了他的员工和用餐者之间一股凝聚的力量。故选D。
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10.A.customers B.staff C.budget D.cash
解析 根据上下文内容可知,支付员工(staff)薪水、水电账单和房租的负担也臣服于人们的好意了。故选B。
11.A.processed B.developed C.created D.sourced
解析 根据下文“from local organic...served in buffet style”可知,食品大多数从当地有机食品供应商处获得(sourced),现场准备,并且经常以自助的形式提供给顾客。source用作动词,意为“(从某处)获得”。故选D。
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12.A.choose B.share
C.deliver D.reserve
解析 根据上文“served in buffet style”可知,食品以自助餐形式呈现,用餐者可以随心选择(choose)自己想要的食物。故选A。
13.A.topics B.options
C.limits D.restaurants
解析 根据上文“vegetarians”可知,对于素食主义者来说,也有一些全素的选择(options)。故选B。
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14.A.unemployed B.unsatisfied
C.misunderstood D.misbehaved
解析 根据上下文内容可知,在过去几年里,数以百计贫困的或失业的人在这个餐馆工作。此处指的是这个餐馆给失业人员(unemployed)提供工作机会。故选A。
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15.A.formal B.professional
C.unique D.temporary
解析 根据文章内容可知,Shanaka Fernando创办了一家旨在帮助弱势群体的特殊餐厅,因其独特性而被授予“澳大利亚年度人物”。unique与第三段中的“special”相呼应。故选C。
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文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 阅读理解:salesperson n.售货员 完形填空:onset n.开始
re-engage vt.重新参与 unifying adj.统一的 surrender v.屈服
主题词块 阅读理解:the catalog store目录商店 完形填空:the not-for-profit philosophy非营利理念
熟词生义 完形填空:run熟义:v.跑;奔跑;生义:v.管理;经营
The money left in the box was,and is still today,used to run the restaurant.
盒子里剩下的钱过去是、现在仍然是用来经营餐馆的。
He has no idea how to run a business.
他丝毫不懂如何管理企业。
难句剖析 完形填空:At the time,its founder,Shanaka Fernando,was living in a tent,so he knew something about what challenges those living a hard life faced.
[译文] 当时,它的创始人沙纳卡·费尔南多住在帐篷里,所以他对那些生活艰难的人面临的挑战有所了解。
[分析] 本句是并列复合句,so前边的分句,其主句是its founder was living in a tent,Shanaka Fernando是同位语;so后边的分句what引导宾语从句, living a hard life是现在分词短语作后置定语。
