Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1.Tourists shall observe public order and respect local （风俗）， cultural traditions and religious beliefs.
2.This app is worth （下载）， because it’s free and helpful for your English learning.
3.Black coffee without any sugar or milk leaves a little （苦的） taste in the mouth.
4.Water makes up a big majority of your body weight because every single cell needs it to （运转） well.
5.My cousin is a chess （对……着迷的人） and has a large collection of chess books.
6.Mom always tells us that getting well dressed for an event is a way to show good （礼貌）.
7.When tea got popular in Britain， there was a need for good cups with （把手） to suit British needs.
8.Your opinion may d from others， but we value what you think of our plan.
9.Actually， I was s confused about his words， and began to wonder about his real meaning.
10.I strongly r you to turn to your doctor for advice about your condition.
11.I defended myself with my schoolbag when a by a dog in the village.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.So frightened was the little boy that he .
小男孩吓得一句话也不敢说。
2.With the help of a ladder， the children from the blaze.
邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
3.I locked myself out of our apartment and .
我把自己锁在了我们的公寓外面，不得不破门而入。
4.I love the weekend， because I in the morning.
我喜欢周末，因为早晨不需要早起。
5.You ， when the weather is at its best.
你最好在四月来无锡，那时候天气最佳。
维度三：语法与语篇
用适当的情态动词完成下面语段。
Miss Fang 1. not read for very long with her eyes hurt.Her mother told her that she needed to go to hospital and see a doctor.“You 2. see a doctor as soon as possible，” her mother said.
When Miss Fang had free time，she went to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor 3. see her at 3：30 pm.
Miss Fang replied that she would not 4. be there at 3：30 pm because she 5. take an important test then.She asked the clerk if she 6. arrange the examination at about ten the next day.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The baguette， a long， thin French bread， is being added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. UNESCO experts gathering in Morocco this week decided that the simple French bread — made only of flour， water， salt， and yeast — was worth UN recognition， after France’s culture ministry warned of a “continuous drop” in the number of traditional bakeries （烘焙坊）， with some 400 closing every year over the past half century.
The UN cultural agency’s chief， Audrey Azoulay said， “The decision honors more than just bread； it recognizes the ‘graceful skills of bakers’ and ‘a daily ritual （仪式）’.” Azoulay added， “It is important that such baking knowledge and social practices can continue to exist in the future.”
With the bread’s new status （地位）， the French government said it planned to create a baguette day， called the “Open Bakehouse Day”， to connect the French better with their heritage. Bakers in France seemed proud， if unsurprised. “Of course， it should be on the list because the baguette symbolizes the world. It’s universal，” said Asma Farhat， a baker at Julien’s Bakery. “If there’s no baguette， you can’t have a proper meal. In the morning you can toast it， for lunch it’s a sandwich， and then it accompanies dinner.”
Despite the decline in traditional bakery numbers， France’s 67 million people still buy baguettes at a variety of sales points， including in supermarkets. According to France’s“Bread Observatory”， the French eat 320 baguettes of one form or another every second. The problem is， observers say， that they can often be poor in quality. “It’s very easy to get bad baguette in France. It’s the traditional baguette from the traditional bakery that is in danger. It’s about quality not quantity，” said one local resident， Marine Fourchier.
1.Why did UNESCO experts decide to add the French bread to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List？（ ）
A.Because it has a long history.
B.Because it is made of simple materials.
C.Because it is in danger of disappearing.
D.Because it is made in traditional bakeries.
2.What did Audrey Azoulay think of UNESCO’s decision？（ ）
A.He felt honored.
B.His attitude was unclear.
C.He thought it was embarrassing.
D.He thought it was meaningful.
3.What can we learn from Asma Farhat’s words？（ ）
A.Baguettes should be served all the day.
B.Baguettes are common in the French diet.
C.Baguettes should have been put on the list earlier.
D.Baguettes and sandwiches are equally important.
4.What can be a proper title for this article？（ ）
A.The Baguette — a Cultural Heritage That Is of Poor Quality
B.Protecting the Baguette — Everyone Can Make a Difference
C.Protecting the Baguette — Quality Is More Important than Quantity
D.The Baguette — a Newcomer on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
B
Mindful eating is maintaining an in-the-moment awareness of the food and drink you put into your body.For many of us， our busy daily lives often make mealtimes rushed things.We find ourselves eating in the car going to work， at the desk in front of a computer screen， or parked on the couch watching TV.We eat mindlessly， taking food down regardless of whether we’re still hungry or not.In fact， we often eat for other reasons instead of hunger — to satisfy emotional needs， to free from stress， or deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness， anxiety， loneliness， or boredom.Mindful eating is the opposite of this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.
Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect， always eating the right things， or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again.And it’s not about establishing strict rules for which foods you have to include or avoid in your diet.Rather， it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for， cook， serve， and eat your food.
While mindfulness isn’t for everyone， many people find it worth trying.By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat， you can learn to enjoy both your food and the experience of eating.It can keep you full with less food， and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future.It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits.
To practice mindfulness， you need to participate in an activity with total awareness.In the case of mindful eating， it’s important to eat with all your attention rather than on multitasking （reading， watching TV， daydreaming， etc）.When your attention moves away， gently bring it back to your food and the experience of cooking， serving， and eating.
5.Which belongs to mindful eating？（ ）
A.Eating while driving.
B.Eating as quickly as possible.
C.Eating to fill emotional needs.
D.Eating only to satisfy physical hunger.
6.What does the underlined word “on-the-go” in Paragraph 2 mean？（ ）
A.Rudely. B.Crazily.
C.Irregularly. D.Hurriedly.
7.What’s the author’s attitude towards mindful eating？（ ）
A.It’s a trend in weight loss.
B.It’s worthwhile to have a go.
C.It’s a universal rule of diet.
D.It’s helpful to keep energetic.
8.What might be talked about in the following paragraph？（ ）
A.The benefits of mindful eating.
B.The practice of mindful eating.
C.The reasons for mindful eating.
D.The spread of mindful eating.
C
To write his 2010 book， The 5-Factor World Diet， nutritionist Harley Pasternak traveled to the healthiest countries around the world to learn more about what made their meals extra nourishing.
He noted that Japanese people ate a wonderful variety of seaweeds， and that Chinese people tried to include at least five different colours in every meal. Pasternak also came away with some valuable observations about how different the North American way of life was， compared with many other countries.
For starters， Americans eat much bigger portions than people in other countries. “We don’t prioritize eating seasonally or locally， and we also add lots of salt， sugar and thickening agents to our foods，” explained Pasternak. Contrast that with the healthy Mediterranean， Nordic and Okinawan diets listed in Pasternak’s book. They all seem to stick to the ethos （特质） of regional， seasonal produce.
For example， a traditional Mediterranean diet includes fruits， vegetables， whole grains， nuts and olive oil as the main components of nutritional intake. Fish， chicken and red wine make moderate appearances， while red meat， salt and sugar are used much less often. The benefits of a traditional Mediterranean diet have been studied since the 1970s， and researchers have found that living that olive oil life can help people lose weight， lower their heart disease risk and reverse （逆转） diabetes.
Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event — say， multiple courses around the family table， or a glass or two of red wine at a long lunch — as opposed to hastily （匆忙地） wolfing down handfuls of cereal above the kitchen sink and calling it dinner.
Each of the healthy eating cultures has its own unique feature. But Pasternak did take note of one unifying factor in all of the healthy societies he observed. “The only overlapping feature in most of these healthy countries is that they all walk way more than the average American，” said. Pasternak. “So really， regardless of what you’re eating， if someone walks four miles more than you each day， they’re going to be a lot thinner and live a lot longer than you.”
9.Which of the following characterizes Japanese and Chinese foods？（ ）
A.Colour. B.Flavor.
C.Diversity. D.Taste.
10.What can we know from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（ ）
A.Americans focus more on nutrition and flavor in the way of eating.
B.Americans tend to healthily eat quite a lot in the way of eating.
C.Mediterranean， Nordic and Okinawan diets prioritize local， seasonal produce.
D.Diabetes or lung disease patients had better live an olive oil life.
11.What is the similarity among people in most healthy eating cultures？（ ）
A.They attach great importance to their meals.
B.They always eat their meals regularly and timely.
C.They get the whole family to eat around the table.
D.They consume plenty of cereal hastily for dinner.
12.What can we learn about people in healthy societies from the last paragraph？（ ）
A.They walk considerably more.
B.They go on a diet to live longer.
C.They care more about body shape.
D.They consume more organic food.
Ⅱ.完形填空
A great flock of quail （鹌鹑） lived together in the forest. One day a hunter， who could imitate their 13 perfectly， came to the forest. When he whistled （吹口哨）， a great group of quail 14 in response. When the flock landed on the ground， the hunter 15 silently and threw a huge net over them. With a hearty laugh， he shouldered the net and took the quail to 16 . Each day he used the same 17 ， and the flock grew smaller and smaller.
After some time， the wisest old quail gathered the rest of the flock and said， “The hunter is 18 and can easily trick you into his net. If you work together， he cannot 19 you. Beat your wings as one， and you will 20 the net that catches you.”
The next time the hunter came and threw his net over a group of quail， they were not 21 . As one， they beat their wings. They 22 ， taking the net with them. When the net got 23 in a tree’s branches， the birds flew out from under it to freedom.
The hunter thought， “Each bird is 24 and yet together they can lift the net！”
The next day the hunter again threw his net over a large group of quail. Pleased with their 25 of the day before， the quail began to beat their wings together. 26 ， one quail was knocked into another and started a ruckus （骚动）. While they fought， the hunter arrived and the birds were caught. He said， “I’m the 27 ！ Together they’re strong. Divided they’re dinner.”
13.（ ）A.song B.manner
C.style D.look
14.（ ）A.danced B.gathered
C.sat D.slept
15.（ ）A.approached B.listened
C.responded D.whispered
16.（ ）A.court B.school
C.hospital D.market
17.（ ）A.account B.instruction
C.trick D.equipment
18.（ ）A.sick B.simple
C.skilled D.satisfied
19.（ ）A.defeat B.discover
C.recognize D.remember
20.（ ）A.find B.lift
C.get D.steal
21.（ ）A.shy B.sure
C.safe D.scared
22.（ ）A.ran B.rose
C.relaxed D.returned
23.（ ）A.lost B.hidden
C.caught D.landed
24.（ ）A.soft B.smart
C.silent D.small
25.（ ）A.success B.speed
C.service D.selection
26.（ ）A.Luckily B.Finally
C.Gradually D.Accidentally
27.（ ）A.leader B.winner
C.owner D.director
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.customs 2.downloading 3.bitter 4.function 5.addict
6.manners 7.handles 8.differ 9.slightly
10.recommend 11.attacked
维度二
1.dared not say a word
2.neighbours were able to rescue
3.had to break in
4.needn’t get up early
5.had better come to Wuxi in April
维度三
1.could 2.had better 3.could 4.be able to 5.had to 6.could
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了法式长棍面包被联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中，以避免这一传统面包消失。这一决定对认可这种面包以及保护它的传承有重要意义，同时，法国政府计划设立“开放烘焙坊日”来加强法国人与其文化遗产的联系。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的UNESCO experts gathering ... over the past half century.可知，联合国教科文组织将法式长棍面包列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中是因为它面临消失的危险。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Audrey Azoulay认为这一决定既能体现对面包本身、面包师的技艺和其仪式感的认可，也能帮助其蕴含的烘焙知识和社会实践传承下去。由此推知，他觉得这是很有意义的。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段末Asma Farhat所说的话可知，法国人三餐都会吃法式长棍面包，饮食不能少了它。由此推知，法式长棍面包在法国饮食中很常见。
4.D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要报道了法式长棍面包被联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中这一事件，介绍了这一决定的目的是避免这一传统面包消失，且对认可这种面包以及保护它的传承有重要意义，还补充了法国政府计划设立“开放烘焙坊日”来加强法国人与其文化遗产的联系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正念饮食以及如何练习正念饮食。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的In fact， we often eat for other reasons instead of hunger ...Mindful eating is the opposite of this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.可知，作者认为我们经常因为其他原因而不是饥饿而吃东西，而正念饮食恰恰相反，也就是说正念饮食指的是我们因为饥饿而吃东西。
6.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词上一句可知，这里讲述的应该是人们对于正念饮食的误解，画线词前是always eating the right things，这是人们普遍认为的良好的饮食习惯。由此判断，画线词和上文的never构成人们普遍认可的良好饮食习惯。四个选项中，表示饮食习惯的为hurriedly，同时也和下文Rather， it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for， cook， serve， and eat your food.中的focusing保持一致。
7.B 观点态度题。根据第三段内容可知，作者认为正念饮食有很多优点，所以是值得一试的。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这一段作者开始引出想要练习正念饮食需要注意哪些方面。由此判断，接下来作者将要介绍练习正念饮食的具体做法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过营养学家Harley Pasternak的研究阐述了世界上健康国家的饮食特点。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，日本和中国食物的特点是种类多。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，地中海、北欧和冲绳的饮食特色是当地季节性农产品。
11.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event可知，大多数健康饮食文化中的人们的共同点是他们非常重视他们的饮食。
12.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The only overlapping feature ... the average American可知，与普通美国人相比，健康社会的人走路多得多。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了关于一个猎人和一群鹌鹑之间的寓言故事。
13.A 根据语境可知，空前的their指代上文中的A great flock of quail；结合下文中的When he whistled可知，猎人可以模仿鹌鹑的鸣啭。song （鸟的）鸣啭。
14.B 根据空后的in response.When the flock landed on the ground可知，猎人一吹口哨，一大群鹌鹑就聚集起来。
15.A 根据下文中的threw a huge net over them可知，当鸟群飞落到地面上时，猎人悄悄地走近，并在它们身上撒了一张大网。
16.D 根据上文中的hunter可推知，猎人捉到鹌鹑后，就把它们带到市场上（去卖）。
17.C 根据上文内容和下文中的the flock grew smaller and smaller可推知，每天猎人都用同样的伎俩（抓鹌鹑），因此鹌鹑的数量越来越少。下文中的trick you into his net也是提示。
18.C 根据第一段内容和下文中的can easily trick you into his net可知，那个猎人很有技巧。
19.A 根据上文中的If you work together可知，老鹌鹑指出如果鹌鹑一起努力，猎人就无法打败它们。
20.B 根据上文中的Beat your wings as one和第三段内容可知，老鹌鹑建议鹌鹑一起拍打翅膀，这样就能抬高那张抓住它们的网。第四段中的lift the net也是提示。
21.D 根据下文中的As one， they beat their wings.可推知，当猎人再一次把网撒在一群鹌鹑身上时，它们一点也不害怕，而是一起拍打着翅膀。
22.B 根据上文中的As one， they beat their wings.和下文中的the birds flew out from under it to freedom可知，那群被网罩住的鹌鹑一起拍打着翅膀，带着网向上飞了起来；当网被树枝缠住后，它们就从网下飞了出来，获得了自由。
23.C 参见上题解析。
24.D 根据下文中的yet together they can lift the net可知，虽然每只鸟都很小，但它们一起努力就可以抬高网。
25.A 根据下文中的the day before， the quail began to beat their wings together并结合上文内容可知，前一天鹌鹑一起拍打翅膀获得了自由，即取得了成功，它们为此感到很高兴，于是第二天它们又这样做。
26.D 根据下文中的one quail was knocked into another and started a ruckus可推知，一只鹌鹑不小心撞到了另一只鹌鹑，引起了一阵骚动。
27.B 根据上文中的While they fought， the hunter arrived and the birds were caught.和下文中猎人所说的Together they’re strong. Divided they’re dinner.可知，猎人是最后的赢家。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
情态动词（1）
①Luckily，he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.
②I daren’t say that.Dare you go with me？
③She has to help with the washing.
④You’d better get some sleep.
⑤You needn’t do it again.
【我的发现】
以上五个句子中的加黑部分都是 ，其后所接的动词应用 。
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度或主观设想，是复合谓语不可或缺的部分。
一、基本特征
1.在意义上，情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。
2.在形式上，情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化（be able to， have to 除外）。
3.在用法上，情态动词与助动词一样，其后需接动词原形，构成谓语动词。
二、情态动词的基本用法
1.be able to 的用法
be able to表示“经过努力而成功地做成某事”，有人称、时态和数的变化，不能与can连用。
It took me a long time before I was able to fully understand what they had done for me.
我过了好久才完全理解他们为我做的事情。
If we keep trying， we will be able to achieve our goals.
如果我们不断尝试，我们将能够实现我们的目标。
名师点津
be able to与can/could的区别：
（1）be able to 可用于大多数时态，can 只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
（2）was/were able to 表示过去成功地做成了某事，相当于succeeded in doing sth； could仅表示客观上有某种能力。
He could swim when he was five years old.
他5岁时就会游泳。
【即时演练1】 选词填空（can/could/be able to）
①They swim to the bank when the ship sank.
②When I was young， I climb any tree in the woods.
2.have to 的用法
（1）have to 表示“必须，不得不”，强调客观上的必要性；其否定式为don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to。
You have to wear uniform when on duty， don’t you？
你在值班时必须穿制服，不是吗？
We don’t have to rush — there’s plenty of time.
我们不必着急——有很多时间。
（2）have to 有人称和时态的变化。
He has to pass an examination before he can start work.
他必须考试及格才能开始工作。
Yesterday morning I had to call on a friend.
昨天早上我不得不去拜访一个朋友。
If you earn more than 5，000 yuan a month， you will have to pay tax.
如果你一个月赚钱超过5，000元，你就得纳税。
名师点津
have to 与must的区别：
have to 强调客观上的必要性；must强调说话者的主观意愿，其否定式must not/mustn’t表示禁止。
We must finish the work before lunch.
我们必须在午饭前完成这项工作。（强调有义务早完成工作，不要拖延）
We have to finish the work before lunch.
我们不得不在午饭前完成这项工作。（强调客观情况迫使，如不完成就会……，是不得已而为之）
【即时演练2】 补全句子
①I here because I have no umbrella with me.
我不得不在这儿等，因为我没有带伞。
②The law states that people after drinking alcohol.
法律禁止人们酒后驾车。
③You dress up for this party.
你没必要为这次聚会穿上盛装。
3.had better 的用法
had better 表示“最好，应该”，可用于一切人称，没有人称和时态的变化；其否定式是had better not，疑问式是Hadn’t ...？
We’d better leave now or we’ll miss the bus.
我们最好现在就走，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。
She’d better get here soon or she’ll miss the opening ceremony.
她最好快点到这儿来，否则她会错过开幕式。
【即时演练3】 补全句子
①We too much importance to what other people think.
我们最好不要把别人的想法看得太重要。
② some sleep.
你最好睡一会儿。
4.dare 的用法
（1）dare作情态动词时常用于疑问句、否定句及条件句中，表示“胆敢，敢于”， 没有人称变化，但有过去式。
Dare you climb that tree？
你敢爬那棵树吗？
The little girl was frightened at the sight of the snake， shut her eyes and dared not have a second look at it.
小女孩看到蛇吓坏了，闭上眼睛不敢再看它一眼。
（2）dare 也可作实义动词，其用法如下：
①作实义动词时，有人称、时态和数的变化；
②在肯定句中，其后常接带to的动词不定式；
③在否定句和疑问句中，既可接带to的动词不定式，也可接不带to的动词不定式；
④构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助 do， does， did 等助动词。
He dares to challenge all kinds of difficulties.
他敢于挑战各种困难。
She didn’t dare to say a word， did she？
她一句话也没敢说，是吗？
【即时演练4】 用所给单词的适当形式填空
①Dare you （tell） her the news？
②Despite much encouragement from his coach， the little boy still dare not （jump） into the swimming pool.
③He dares （say） whatever he wants to say.
5.need的用法
（1）need 作情态动词时多用在疑问句和否定句中，表示“需要”，没有人称和时态的变化。
This is free service； you needn’t pay for it.
这是免费服务，你不必付钱。
（2）对need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时要用must，作否定回答时要用needn’t 或don’t have to。
—Need I hand in the application now？
—Yes， you must./No， you needn’t/don’t have to.
——我需要现在交申请表吗？
——是的，你必须（现在交）。/不，你不必（现在交）。
名师点津
need也可作实义动词，有人称、时态和数的变化，后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式等。否定式要在前面加don’t/doesn’t/didn’t，构成一般疑问句时借助do/does/did。
【即时演练5】 用所给单词的适当形式填空
①You needn’t （finish） that work today.
②I need （collect） the parcel before leaving for England.
related adj.有关系的，相关的
【用法】
（1）（be） related to 与……有关系/有关联
（2）relate v. 联系；讲述
relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事
relate to 与……有关系/关联；理解
（3）relation n. 关系；联系
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
【佳句】 I know he feels upset， and I can relate to that.
我知道他感到难过，也能理解他的感受。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①People usually relate happiness money，which is quite wrong.
②I’m writing to ask you to write an article in （relate） to Western life and culture.
【写美】 补全句子
③It is said that the short English film the development of our school.
据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
diet n.日常饮食 vi.节食
【教材原句】 If you dare not try a “painful” diet to stay healthy ...
如果你不敢尝试“痛苦的”饮食来保持健康……
【用法】
（1）be on a diet 节食（表示状态）
go on a diet 节食（表示动作）
a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食
（2）dietician n. 营养学家
【佳句】 To keep healthy， you should have a balanced diet.
为了保持健康，你应该均衡饮食。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Mary is a diet， so she is becoming slimmer than before.
②No sugar in my coffee， please.I’m （diet）.
【写美】 补全句子
③When I ， I eat only cucumbers to reduce my weight.
我节食的时候只吃黄瓜来减轻体重。
addict n.对……着迷的人
【教材原句】 So， if you’re a sugar addict and aren’t able to say no to chocolate or cola， you had better download it now！
因此，如果你是一个爱吃糖的人，不能拒绝巧克力或可乐，你最好现在就下载它。
【用法】
（1）addicted adj. 入迷的；上瘾的
be/become/get addicted to （doing） sth 沉溺于（做）某事
（2）addictive adj. 令人上瘾的；使人入迷的
addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷
【佳句】 He is so addicted to Chinese culture that he decides to attend online Chinese courses.
他是如此沉迷于中国文化，以至于他决定上汉语网课。
【点津】 addicted多用于形容人，一般作表语或后置定语； addictive多用于修饰物。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I found it quite （addict）.
②I discovered an （addict） to housework which I had never felt before.
③There are millions of people in our country who are addicted smoking.
【写美】 句型转换
④Because he was addicted to gambling， he spent almost all of his money.
→ ，he spent almost all of his money.（过去分词作状语）
in case 以防万一
【教材原句】 Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you dare not pick them up in case you get it wrong.有时有这么多的刀和叉，你不敢拿起它们，以防你弄错了。
【用法】
in case of 如果；假使
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in no case 决不（置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装）
in that/this case 既然那样/这样；在那种/这种情况下
as is often the case （with ...） （对……来说）这是常有的事
【佳句】 I had my camera ready， just in case there was something that would make a good picture.
我把相机准备好了，万一看到什么值得拍的就拍下来。
【点津】 in case既可以引导条件状语从句，也可以引导目的状语从句，还可以单独使用。
【练透】 用case的相关短语填空
①Never should you lose heart and give up English .
②You must remind him to take his medicine， he forgets.
③—I’m free this evening.
— ， why not have dinner with me？
④ should we stop students from exploring new things.
⑤ ， children are the focus of families shouldering the hope of their parents.
【写美】 补全句子
⑥You’d better take the keys .
你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。
trick n.诀窍，技巧，技法；把戏；诡计；恶作剧vt.欺骗；哄骗
【教材原句】 The trick is to start with the ones on the outside.诀窍是从外面的（刀叉）开始使用。
【用法】
（1）the tricks of the trade （某一行业或活动的）绝招，绝活，门道，生意经
play a trick/tricks on sb 捉弄某人
（2）trick sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事
trick sb out of sth 从某人处骗走某物
【佳句】 Stephen is going to be pretty upset if he finds out how you tricked him.
如果斯蒂芬发现你是怎样欺骗了他，他将会非常难过。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Some of us would be tricked making bad financial decisions.
②She （trick） out of her life savings last month.
【写美】 补全句子
③The boy the shy girl， which made her cheeks flaming with anger.
那个男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，使她气得双颊通红。
differ v.不同，不一样，有区别
【教材原句】 Table manners， however， can differ in different situations.
然而，餐桌礼仪在不同的情况下会有所不同。
【用法】
（1）differ from ...in ... 与……在……方面不同
differ with sb on/about/over sth 在某事上与某人意见相左
（2）different adj. 不同的；相异的
be different from ... 与……不同
（3）difference n. 差别；差异
make a difference 有影响，起作用
【佳句】 The two brothers are like each other in appearance， but differ in their tastes.
这两兄弟相貌相似，但品味却不相同。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The urban lifestyle quite differs the rural one in various ways.
②Leaves are found on all kinds of trees，but they differ greatly size and shape.
【写美】 补全句子
③Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are in the world.
汉娜是许多正在影响世界的年轻人中的一员。（人物介绍）
recommend v.推荐，介绍；建议
【教材原句】 Highly recommended！ 强烈推荐！
【用法】
（1）recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb （should） do sth 建议某人（应该）做某事
（2）recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物
recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
recommend sb as ... 推荐某人为……
【点津】 recommend （建议）后的that从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should＋）do”。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I recommend you （think） very carefully before you do something.
②If you want to lose weight， too， I recommend （take） this kind of exercise every day.
③I strongly recommend this book students who are interested in Chinese festivals.
【写美】 补全句子
④The doctor recommended that .医生建议我住院治疗。
句型公式：each time引导的时间状语从句
【教材原句】 The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.
每次我们喝软饮料的时候，软饮料中的糖会形成酸并侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。
【用法】
（1）名词短语each/every time可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每当，每次”。
（2）用作连词的其他名词短语有（the） next/last time， the first/second/...time， the day/week/month/year等。
【品悟】 Each time I went to Beijing with my family， we would visit the Great Wall and the Palace Museum.
＝Every time I went to Beijing with my family， we would visit the Great Wall and the Palace Museum.
每次我和我的家人去北京，我们都会去参观长城和故宫博物院。
【写美】 微写作/同义句转换
①我还记得上次你来我们学校参观时，你向我们展示了关于那个主题的一些照片。
I still remember you showed us some photos on that theme .
②他到达当天便去拜访了他的老朋友。
He paid a visit to his old friend .
③Whenever I think of the happy old days，I can’t help smiling.
→ the happy old days，I can’t help smiling.
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
情态动词 动词原形
即时演练1
①were able to ②could
即时演练2
①have to wait ②mustn’t drive ③don’t have to
即时演练3
①had better not attach ②You’d better get
即时演练4
①tell ②jump ③to say
即时演练5
①finish ②to collect
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①to ②relation ③is mainly related to
2.①on ②dieting ③go on a diet
3.①addictive ②addiction ③to ④Addicted to gambling
4.①in any case ②in case ③In that/this case
④In no case ⑤As is often the case ⑥in case I’m out
5.①into ②was tricked ③played a trick/tricks on
6.①from ②in ③making a difference
7.①to think ②taking ③to
④I （should） be treated in hospital
8.①the last time you visited our school ②the day he arrived
③Every/Each time I think of
8 / 8(共92张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
情态动词（1）
①Luckily，he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.
②I daren’t say that.Dare you go with me？
③She has to help with the washing.
④You’d better get some sleep.
⑤You needn’t do it again.
【我的发现】
以上五个句子中的加蓝部分都是 ，其后所接的动词应
用 。
情态动词
动词原形
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度或主观设想，是复
合谓语不可或缺的部分。
一、基本特征
1. 在意义上，情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，需和实义
动词或系动词一起作谓语。
2. 在形式上，情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化（be able to， have
to 除外）。
3. 在用法上，情态动词与助动词一样，其后需接动词原形，构成谓语
动词。
二、情态动词的基本用法
1. be able to 的用法
be able to表示“经过努力而成功地做成某事”，有人称、时态和数
的变化，不能与can连用。
It took me a long time before I was able to fully understand what they
had done for me.
我过了好久才完全理解他们为我做的事情。
If we keep trying， we will be able to achieve our goals.
如果我们不断尝试，我们将能够实现我们的目标。
名师点津
be able to与can/could的区别：
（1）be able to 可用于大多数时态，can 只用于一般现在时和一般
过去时。
（2）was/were able to 表示过去成功地做成了某事，相当于succeeded
in doing sth； could仅表示客观上有某种能力。
He could swim when he was five years old.
他5岁时就会游泳。
【即时演练1】 选词填空（can/could/be able to）
①They swim to the bank when the ship sank.
②When I was young， I climb any tree in the woods.
were able to
could
2. have to 的用法
（1）have to 表示“必须，不得不”，强调客观上的必要性；其否
定式为don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to。
You have to wear uniform when on duty， don’t you？
你在值班时必须穿制服，不是吗？
We don’t have to rush — there’s plenty of time.
我们不必着急——有很多时间。
（2）have to 有人称和时态的变化。
He has to pass an examination before he can start work.
他必须考试及格才能开始工作。
Yesterday morning I had to call on a friend.
昨天早上我不得不去拜访一个朋友。
If you earn more than 5，000 yuan a month， you will have to
pay tax.
如果你一个月赚钱超过5，000元，你就得纳税。
名师点津
have to 与must的区别：
have to 强调客观上的必要性；must强调说话者的主观意愿，其否定式
must not/mustn’t表示禁止。
We must finish the work before lunch.
我们必须在午饭前完成这项工作。（强调有义务早完成工作，不
要拖延）
We have to finish the work before lunch.
我们不得不在午饭前完成这项工作。（强调客观情况迫使，如不完成
就会……，是不得已而为之）
【即时演练2】 补全句子
①I here because I have no umbrella with me.
我不得不在这儿等，因为我没有带伞。
②The law states that people after drinking alcohol.
法律禁止人们酒后驾车。
③You dress up for this party.
你没必要为这次聚会穿上盛装。
have to wait
mustn’t drive
don’t have to
3. had better 的用法
had better 表示“最好，应该”，可用于一切人称，没有人称和时
态的变化；其否定式是had better not，疑问式是Hadn’t ...？
We’d better leave now or we’ll miss the bus.
我们最好现在就走，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。
She’d better get here soon or she’ll miss the opening ceremony.
她最好快点到这儿来，否则她会错过开幕式。
【即时演练3】 补全句子
①We too much importance to what other
people think.
我们最好不要把别人的想法看得太重要。
② some sleep.
你最好睡一会儿。
had better not attach
You’d better get
4. dare 的用法
（1）dare作情态动词时常用于疑问句、否定句及条件句中，表示
“胆敢，敢于”， 没有人称变化，但有过去式。
Dare you climb that tree？
你敢爬那棵树吗？
The little girl was frightened at the sight of the snake， shut her
eyes and dared not have a second look at it.
小女孩看到蛇吓坏了，闭上眼睛不敢再看它一眼。
（2）dare 也可作实义动词，其用法如下：
①作实义动词时，有人称、时态和数的变化；
②在肯定句中，其后常接带to的动词不定式；
③在否定句和疑问句中，既可接带to的动词不定式，也可接
不带to的动词不定式；
④构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助 do， does， did 等助
动词。
He dares to challenge all kinds of difficulties.
他敢于挑战各种困难。
She didn’t dare to say a word， did she？
她一句话也没敢说，是吗？
【即时演练4】 用所给单词的适当形式填空
①Dare you （tell） her the news？
②Despite much encouragement from his coach， the little boy still dare
not （jump） into the swimming pool.
③He dares （say） whatever he wants to say.
tell
jump
to say
5. need的用法
（1）need 作情态动词时多用在疑问句和否定句中，表示“需
要”，没有人称和时态的变化。
This is free service； you needn’t pay for it.
这是免费服务，你不必付钱。
（2）对need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时要用must，作否定回
答时要用needn’t 或don’t have to。
—Need I hand in the application now？
—Yes， you must./No， you needn’t/don’t have to.
——我需要现在交申请表吗？
——是的，你必须（现在交）。/不，你不必（现在交）。
名师点津
need也可作实义动词，有人称、时态和数的变化，后可以接名词、代
词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式等。否定式要在前面加
don’t/doesn’t/didn’t，构成一般疑问句时借助do/does/did。
【即时演练5】 用所给单词的适当形式填空
①You needn’t （finish） that work today.
②I need （collect） the parcel before leaving for England.
finish
to collect
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
related adj.有关系的，相关的
【用法】
（1）（be） related to 与……有关系/有关联
（2）relate v. 联系；讲述
relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事
relate to 与……有关系/关联；理解
（3）relation n. 关系；联系
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
【佳句】 I know he feels upset， and I can relate to that.我知道他感
到难过，也能理解他的感受。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①People usually relate happiness money，which is quite wrong.
②I’m writing to ask you to write an article in （relate） to
Western life and culture.
【写美】 补全句子
③It is said that the short English film the
development of our school.
据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
to
relation
is mainly related to
diet n.日常饮食 vi.节食
【教材原句】 If you dare not try a “painful” diet to stay healthy ...
如果你不敢尝试“痛苦的”饮食来保持健康……
【用法】
（1）be on a diet 节食（表示状态）
go on a diet 节食（表示动作）
a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食
（2）dietician n. 营养学家
【佳句】 To keep healthy， you should have a balanced diet.
为了保持健康，你应该均衡饮食。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Mary is a diet， so she is becoming slimmer than before.
②No sugar in my coffee， please.I’m （diet）.
on
dieting
【写美】 补全句子
③When I ， I eat only cucumbers to reduce my weight.
我节食的时候只吃黄瓜来减轻体重。
go on a diet
addict n.对……着迷的人
【教材原句】 So， if you’re a sugar addict and aren’t able to say no
to chocolate or cola， you had better download it now！因此，如果你是
一个爱吃糖的人，不能拒绝巧克力或可乐，你最好现在就下载它。
【用法】
（1）addicted adj. 入迷的；上瘾的
be/become/get addicted to （doing） sth 沉溺于（做）某事
（2）addictive adj. 令人上瘾的；使人入迷的
addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷
【佳句】 He is so addicted to Chinese culture that he decides to attend
online Chinese courses.
他是如此沉迷于中国文化，以至于他决定上汉语网课。
【点津】 addicted多用于形容人，一般作表语或后置定语；
addictive多用于修饰物。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I found it quite
（addict）.
②I discovered an （addict） to housework which I had
never felt before.
③There are millions of people in our country who are addicted
smoking.
addictive
addiction
to
【写美】 句型转换
④Because he was addicted to gambling， he spent almost all of his
money.
→ ，he spent almost all of his money.（过去分
词作状语）
Addicted to gambling
in case 以防万一
【教材原句】 Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you
dare not pick them up in case you get it wrong.有时有这么多的刀和叉，
你不敢拿起它们，以防你弄错了。
【用法】
in case of 如果；假使
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in no case 决不（置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装）
in that/this case 既然那样/这样；在那种/这种情况下
as is often the case （with ...） （对……来说）这是常有的事
【佳句】 I had my camera ready， just in case there was something that
would make a good picture.
我把相机准备好了，万一看到什么值得拍的就拍下来。
【点津】 in case既可以引导条件状语从句，也可以引导目的状语从
句，还可以单独使用。
【练透】 用case的相关短语填空
①Never should you lose heart and give up English .
②You must remind him to take his medicine， he forgets.
③—I’m free this evening.
— ， why not have dinner with me？
in any case
in case
In that/this case
④ should we stop students from exploring new things.
⑤ ， children are the focus of families shouldering
the hope of their parents.
In no case
As is often the case
【写美】 补全句子
⑥You’d better take the keys .
你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。
in case I’m out
trick n.诀窍，技巧，技法；把戏；诡计；恶作剧vt.欺骗；哄骗
【教材原句】 The trick is to start with the ones on the outside.诀窍是
从外面的（刀叉）开始使用。
【用法】
（1）the tricks of the trade
（某一行业或活动的）绝招，绝活，门道，生意经
play a trick/tricks on sb 捉弄某人
（2）trick sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事
trick sb out of sth 从某人处骗走某物
【佳句】 Stephen is going to be pretty upset if he finds out how you
tricked him.
如果斯蒂芬发现你是怎样欺骗了他，他将会非常难过。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Some of us would be tricked making bad financial decisions.
②She （trick） out of her life savings last month.
into
was tricked
【写美】 补全句子
③The boy the shy girl， which made her
cheeks flaming with anger.
那个男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，使她气得双颊通红。
played a trick/tricks on
differ v.不同，不一样，有区别
【教材原句】 Table manners， however， can differ in different
situations.
然而，餐桌礼仪在不同的情况下会有所不同。
【用法】
（1）differ from ...in ... 与……在……方面不同
differ with sb on/about/over sth 在某事上与某人意见相左
（2）different adj. 不同的；相异的
be different from ... 与……不同
（3）difference n. 差别；差异
make a difference 有影响，起作用
【佳句】 The two brothers are like each other in appearance， but
differ in their tastes.这两兄弟相貌相似，但品味却不相同。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The urban lifestyle quite differs the rural one in various ways.
②Leaves are found on all kinds of trees，but they differ greatly
size and shape.
from
in
【写美】 补全句子
③Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are
in the world.
汉娜是许多正在影响世界的年轻人中的一员。（人物介绍）
making a
difference
recommend v.推荐，介绍；建议
【教材原句】 Highly recommended！ 强烈推荐！
【用法】
（1）recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb （should） do sth 建议某人（应该）做某事
（2）recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物
recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
recommend sb as ... 推荐某人为……
【点津】 recommend （建议）后的that从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should＋）do”。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I recommend you （think） very carefully before you do
something.
②If you want to lose weight， too， I recommend （take）
this kind of exercise every day.
③I strongly recommend this book students who are interested in
Chinese festivals.
【写美】 补全句子
④The doctor recommended that .
医生建议我住院治疗。
to think
taking
to
I （should） be treated in hospital
句型公式：each time引导的时间状语从句
【教材原句】 The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth
for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.每次我们喝软饮料的时
候，软饮料中的糖会形成酸并侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。
【用法】
（1）名词短语each/every time可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，
意为“每当，每次”。
（2）用作连词的其他名词短语有（the） next/last time， the
first/second/...time， the day/week/month/year等。
【品悟】 Each time I went to Beijing with my family， we would visit
the Great Wall and the Palace Museum.
＝Every time I went to Beijing with my family， we would visit the Great
Wall and the Palace Museum.
每次我和我的家人去北京，我们都会去参观长城和故宫博物院。
【写美】 微写作/同义句转换
①我还记得上次你来我们学校参观时，你向我们展示了关于那个主题
的一些照片。
I still remember you showed us some photos on that theme
.
②他到达当天便去拜访了他的老朋友。
He paid a visit to his old friend .
③Whenever I think of the happy old days，I can’t help smiling.
→ the happy old days，I can’t help
smiling.
the last time
you visited our school
the day he arrived
Every/Each time I think of
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. Tourists shall observe public order and respect local （风
俗）， cultural traditions and religious beliefs.
2. This app is worth （下载）， because it’s free and
helpful for your English learning.
customs
downloading
3. Black coffee without any sugar or milk leaves a little （苦
的） taste in the mouth.
4. Water makes up a big majority of your body weight because every
single cell needs it to （运转） well.
5. My cousin is a chess （对……着迷的人） and has a large
collection of chess books.
6. Mom always tells us that getting well dressed for an event is a way to
show good （礼貌）.
bitter
function
addict
manners
7. When tea got popular in Britain， there was a need for good cups
with （把手） to suit British needs.
8. Your opinion may d from others， but we value what you think
of our plan.
9. Actually， I was s confused about his words， and began to
wonder about his real meaning.
10. I strongly r you to turn to your doctor for advice about
your condition.
11. I defended myself with my schoolbag when a by a dog in the
village.
handles
iffer
lightly
ecommend
ttacked
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. So frightened was the little boy that he .
小男孩吓得一句话也不敢说。
2. With the help of a ladder， the
children from the blaze.
邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
3. I locked myself out of our apartment and .
我把自己锁在了我们的公寓外面，不得不破门而入。
dared not say a word
neighbours were able to rescue
had to break in
4. I love the weekend， because I in the
morning.
我喜欢周末，因为早晨不需要早起。
5. You ， when the weather is at its
best.
你最好在四月来无锡，那时候天气最佳。
needn’t get up early
had better come to Wuxi in April
维度三：语法与语篇
用适当的情态动词完成下面语段。
Miss Fang 1. not read for very long with her eyes hurt.Her
mother told her that she needed to go to hospital and see a doctor.“You
2. see a doctor as soon as possible，” her mother said.
When Miss Fang had free time，she went to hospital.The clerk said
that the doctor 3. see her at 3：30 pm.
could
had better
could
Miss Fang replied that she would not 4. be there at 3：
30 pm because she 5. take an important test then.She asked the
clerk if she 6. arrange the examination at about ten the next
day.
be able to
had to
could
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The baguette， a long， thin French bread， is being added to the
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. UNESCO experts gathering in
Morocco this week decided that the simple French bread — made only of
flour， water， salt， and yeast — was worth UN recognition， after
France’s culture ministry warned of a “continuous drop” in the number
of traditional bakeries （烘焙坊）， with some 400 closing every year
over the past half century.
The UN cultural agency’s chief， Audrey Azoulay said， “The
decision honors more than just bread； it recognizes the ‘graceful skills
of bakers’ and ‘a daily ritual （仪式）’.” Azoulay added， “It is
important that such baking knowledge and social practices can continue to
exist in the future.”
With the bread’s new status （地位）， the French government
said it planned to create a baguette day， called the “Open Bakehouse
Day”， to connect the French better with their heritage. Bakers in France
seemed proud， if unsurprised. “Of course， it should be on the list
because the baguette symbolizes the world. It’s universal，” said Asma
Farhat， a baker at Julien’s Bakery. “If there’s no baguette， you
can’t have a proper meal. In the morning you can toast it， for lunch
it’s a sandwich， and then it accompanies dinner.”
Despite the decline in traditional bakery numbers， France’s 67
million people still buy baguettes at a variety of sales points， including in
supermarkets. According to France’s“Bread Observatory”， the
French eat 320 baguettes of one form or another every second. The
problem is， observers say， that they can often be poor in quality.
“It’s very easy to get bad baguette in France. It’s the traditional
baguette from the traditional bakery that is in danger. It’s about quality
not quantity，” said one local resident， Marine Fourchier.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了法式长棍面包被
联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中，以避免这
一传统面包消失。这一决定对认可这种面包以及保护它的传承有重
要意义，同时，法国政府计划设立“开放烘焙坊日”来加强法国人
与其文化遗产的联系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了法式长棍面包被
联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中，以避免这
一传统面包消失。这一决定对认可这种面包以及保护它的传承有重
要意义，同时，法国政府计划设立“开放烘焙坊日”来加强法国人
与其文化遗产的联系。
1. Why did UNESCO experts decide to add the French bread to the
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List？（ ）
A. Because it has a long history.
B. Because it is made of simple materials.
C. Because it is in danger of disappearing.
D. Because it is made in traditional bakeries.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的UNESCO experts
gathering ... over the past half century.可知，联合国教科文组织将
法式长棍面包列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中是因为它面临消
失的危险。
2. What did Audrey Azoulay think of UNESCO’s decision？（ ）
A. He felt honored.
B. His attitude was unclear.
C. He thought it was embarrassing.
D. He thought it was meaningful.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Audrey Azoulay认
为这一决定既能体现对面包本身、面包师的技艺和其仪式感的认
可，也能帮助其蕴含的烘焙知识和社会实践传承下去。由此推知，
他觉得这是很有意义的。
3. What can we learn from Asma Farhat’s words？（ ）
A. Baguettes should be served all the day.
B. Baguettes are common in the French diet.
C. Baguettes should have been put on the list earlier.
D. Baguettes and sandwiches are equally important.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段末Asma Farhat所说的话可知，
法国人三餐都会吃法式长棍面包，饮食不能少了它。由此推知，法
式长棍面包在法国饮食中很常见。
4. What can be a proper title for this article？（ ）
A. The Baguette — a Cultural Heritage That Is of Poor Quality
B. Protecting the Baguette — Everyone Can Make a Difference
C. Protecting the Baguette — Quality Is More Important than Quantity
D. The Baguette — a Newcomer on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural
Heritage List.
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要报道了法式长棍
面包被联合国教科文组织列入世界非物质文化遗产的名单之中这一
事件，介绍了这一决定的目的是避免这一传统面包消失，且对认可
这种面包以及保护它的传承有重要意义，还补充了法国政府计划设
立“开放烘焙坊日”来加强法国人与其文化遗产的联系。
B
Mindful eating is maintaining an in-the-moment awareness of the
food and drink you put into your body.For many of us， our busy daily
lives often make mealtimes rushed things.We find ourselves eating in the
car going to work， at the desk in front of a computer screen， or parked
on the couch watching TV. We eat mindlessly， taking food down
regardless of whether we’re still hungry or not.In fact， we often eat for
other reasons instead of hunger — to satisfy emotional needs， to free
from stress， or deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，
anxiety， loneliness， or boredom.Mindful eating is the opposite of this
kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.
Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect， always eating the right
things， or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again.And it’s not
about establishing strict rules for which foods you have to include or avoid
in your diet.Rather， it’s about focusing all your senses and being
present as you shop for， cook， serve， and eat your food.
While mindfulness isn’t for everyone， many people find it worth
trying.By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat， you can
learn to enjoy both your food and the experience of eating.It can keep you
full with less food， and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the
future.It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits.
To practice mindfulness， you need to participate in an activity with
total awareness.In the case of mindful eating， it’s important to eat with
all your attention rather than on multitasking （reading， watching TV，
daydreaming， etc）.When your attention moves away， gently bring it
back to your food and the experience of cooking， serving， and eating.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正念饮食以及如何
练习正念饮食。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正念饮食以及如何
练习正念饮食。
5. Which belongs to mindful eating？（ ）
A. Eating while driving.
B. Eating as quickly as possible.
C. Eating to fill emotional needs.
D. Eating only to satisfy physical hunger.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的In fact， we often eat for
other reasons instead of hunger ...Mindful eating is the opposite of this
kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.可知，作者认为我们经常因
为其他原因而不是饥饿而吃东西，而正念饮食恰恰相反，也就是说
正念饮食指的是我们因为饥饿而吃东西。
6. What does the underlined word “on-the-go” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（ ）
A. Rudely. B. Crazily.
C. Irregularly. D. Hurriedly.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词上一句可知，这里讲述的应该
是人们对于正念饮食的误解，画线词前是always eating the right
things，这是人们普遍认为的良好的饮食习惯。由此判断，画线词
和上文的never构成人们普遍认可的良好饮食习惯。四个选项中，
表示饮食习惯的为hurriedly，同时也和下文Rather， it’s about
focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for， cook，
serve， and eat your food.中的focusing保持一致。
7. What’s the author’s attitude towards mindful eating？（ ）
A. It’s a trend in weight loss.
B. It’s worthwhile to have a go.
C. It’s a universal rule of diet.
D. It’s helpful to keep energetic.
解析： 观点态度题。根据第三段内容可知，作者认为正念饮食
有很多优点，所以是值得一试的。
8. What might be talked about in the following paragraph？（ ）
A. The benefits of mindful eating.
B. The practice of mindful eating.
C. The reasons for mindful eating.
D. The spread of mindful eating.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这一段作者开始
引出想要练习正念饮食需要注意哪些方面。由此判断，接下来作者
将要介绍练习正念饮食的具体做法。
C
To write his 2010 book， The 5-Factor World Diet， nutritionist
Harley Pasternak traveled to the healthiest countries around the world to
learn more about what made their meals extra nourishing.
He noted that Japanese people ate a wonderful variety of seaweeds，
and that Chinese people tried to include at least five different colours in
every meal. Pasternak also came away with some valuable observations
about how different the North American way of life was， compared with
many other countries.
For starters， Americans eat much bigger portions than people in
other countries. “We don’t prioritize eating seasonally or locally， and
we also add lots of salt， sugar and thickening agents to our foods，”
explained Pasternak. Contrast that with the healthy Mediterranean，
Nordic and Okinawan diets listed in Pasternak’s book. They all seem to
stick to the ethos （特质） of regional， seasonal produce.
For example， a traditional Mediterranean diet includes fruits，
vegetables， whole grains， nuts and olive oil as the main components of
nutritional intake. Fish， chicken and red wine make moderate
appearances， while red meat， salt and sugar are used much less often.
The benefits of a traditional Mediterranean diet have been studied since the
1970s， and researchers have found that living that olive oil life can help
people lose weight， lower their heart disease risk and reverse （逆转）
diabetes.
Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event — say，
multiple courses around the family table， or a glass or two of red wine at
a long lunch — as opposed to hastily （匆忙地） wolfing down handfuls
of cereal above the kitchen sink and calling it dinner.
Each of the healthy eating cultures has its own unique feature. But
Pasternak did take note of one unifying factor in all of the healthy societies
he observed. “The only overlapping feature in most of these healthy
countries is that they all walk way more than the average American，”
said. Pasternak. “So really， regardless of what you’re eating， if
someone walks four miles more than you each day， they’re going to be
a lot thinner and live a lot longer than you.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过营养学家Harley
Pasternak的研究阐述了世界上健康国家的饮食特点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过营养学家Harley
Pasternak的研究阐述了世界上健康国家的饮食特点。
9. Which of the following characterizes Japanese and Chinese foods？
（ ）
A. Colour. B. Flavor.
C. Diversity. D. Taste.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，日本和中国食物
的特点是种类多。
10. What can we know from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（ ）
A. Americans focus more on nutrition and flavor in the way of eating.
B. Americans tend to healthily eat quite a lot in the way of eating.
C. Mediterranean， Nordic and Okinawan diets prioritize local， seasonal produce.
D. Diabetes or lung disease patients had better live an olive oil life.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，地中海、北
欧和冲绳的饮食特色是当地季节性农产品。
11. What is the similarity among people in most healthy eating cultures？
（ ）
A. They attach great importance to their meals.
B. They always eat their meals regularly and timely.
C. They get the whole family to eat around the table.
D. They consume plenty of cereal hastily for dinner.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Most other healthy
eating cultures also make meals an event可知，大多数健康饮食文化
中的人们的共同点是他们非常重视他们的饮食。
12. What can we learn about people in healthy societies from the last
paragraph？（ ）
A. They walk considerably more.
B. They go on a diet to live longer.
C. They care more about body shape.
D. They consume more organic food.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The only overlapping
feature ... the average American可知，与普通美国人相比，健康社
会的人走路多得多。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A great flock of quail （鹌鹑） lived together in the forest. One day
a hunter， who could imitate their 13 perfectly， came to the forest.
When he whistled （吹口哨）， a great group of quail 14 in
response. When the flock landed on the ground， the hunter 15
silently and threw a huge net over them. With a hearty laugh， he
shouldered the net and took the quail to 16 . Each day he used the
same 17 ， and the flock grew smaller and smaller.
After some time， the wisest old quail gathered the rest of the flock
and said， “The hunter is 18 and can easily trick you into his net. If
you work together， he cannot 19 you. Beat your wings as one， and
you will 20 the net that catches you.”
The next time the hunter came and threw his net over a group of
quail， they were not 21 . As one， they beat their wings.
They 22 ， taking the net with them. When the net got 23 in a
tree’s branches， the birds flew out from under it to freedom.
The hunter thought， “Each bird is 24 and yet together they can
lift the net！”
The next day the hunter again threw his net over a large group of
quail. Pleased with their 25 of the day before， the quail began to
beat their wings together. 26 ， one quail was knocked into another
and started a ruckus （骚动）. While they fought， the hunter arrived
and the birds were caught. He said， “I’m the 27 ！ Together
they’re strong. Divided they’re dinner.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了关于一个猎人和一群鹌
鹑之间的寓言故事。
13. A. song B. manner C. style D. look
解析： 根据语境可知，空前的their指代上文中的A great flock
of quail；结合下文中的When he whistled可知，猎人可以模仿鹌鹑
的鸣啭。song （鸟的）鸣啭。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了关于一个猎人和一群鹌
鹑之间的寓言故事。
14. A. danced B. gathered
C. sat D. slept
解析： 根据空后的in response.When the flock landed on the
ground可知，猎人一吹口哨，一大群鹌鹑就聚集起来。
15. A. approached B. listened
C. responded D. whispered
解析： 根据下文中的threw a huge net over them可知，当
鸟群飞落到地面上时，猎人悄悄地走近，并在它们身上撒了一
张大网。
16. A. court B. school
C. hospital D. market
解析： 根据上文中的hunter可推知，猎人捉到鹌鹑后，就把它
们带到市场上（去卖）。
17. A. account B. instruction
C. trick D. equipment
解析： 根据上文内容和下文中的the flock grew smaller and
smaller可推知，每天猎人都用同样的伎俩（抓鹌鹑），因此鹌鹑
的数量越来越少。下文中的trick you into his net也是提示。
18. A. sick B. simple
C. skilled D. satisfied
解析： 根据第一段内容和下文中的can easily trick you into his
net可知，那个猎人很有技巧。
19. A. defeat B. discover
C. recognize D. remember
解析： 根据上文中的If you work together可知，老鹌鹑指出如
果鹌鹑一起努力，猎人就无法打败它们。
20. A. find B. lift C. get D. steal
解析： 根据上文中的Beat your wings as one和第三段内容可
知，老鹌鹑建议鹌鹑一起拍打翅膀，这样就能抬高那张抓住它们
的网。第四段中的lift the net也是提示。
21. A. shy B. sure C. safe D. scared
解析： 根据下文中的As one， they beat their wings.可推知，
当猎人再一次把网撒在一群鹌鹑身上时，它们一点也不害怕，而
是一起拍打着翅膀。
22. A. ran B. rose
C. relaxed D. returned
解析： 根据上文中的As one， they beat their wings.和下文中
的the birds flew out from under it to freedom可知，那群被网罩住的
鹌鹑一起拍打着翅膀，带着网向上飞了起来；当网被树枝缠住
后，它们就从网下飞了出来，获得了自由。
23. A. lost B. hidden
C. caught D. landed
解析： 参见上题解析。
24. A. soft B. smart C. silent D. small
解析： 根据下文中的yet together they can lift the net可知，虽然
每只鸟都很小，但它们一起努力就可以抬高网。
25. A. success B. speed
C. service D. selection
解析： 根据下文中的the day before， the quail began to beat
their wings together并结合上文内容可知，前一天鹌鹑一起拍打翅
膀获得了自由，即取得了成功，它们为此感到很高兴，于是第二
天它们又这样做。
26. A. Luckily B. Finally
C. Gradually D. Accidentally
解析： 根据下文中的one quail was knocked into another and
started a ruckus可推知，一只鹌鹑不小心撞到了另一只鹌鹑，引起
了一阵骚动。
27. A. leader B. winner
C. owner D. director
解析： 根据上文中的While they fought， the hunter arrived and
the birds were caught.和下文中猎人所说的Together they’re
strong. Divided they’re dinner.可知，猎人是最后的赢家。
谢谢观看！
