UNIT 2 Let’s celebrate！
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.Thanksgiving was a typical custom to give thanks for a good （收成） in the past.
2.If you go to the post office， could you buy me some （信封） and stamps？
3.A Dream of Red Mansions occupies an important place in the history of Chinese （文学）.
4.Dragon Boat Festival is to （向……表示敬意） Qu Yuan， a poet in Ancient China.
5.For six months of the year，there is hardly any light at the （地极）.
6.Each citizen over 18 years old in our country has the right to v .
7.It is generally assumed that taking r exercise enables you to become more energetic.
8.I caught sight of the house whose r was blown away by the typhoon last night.
9.Young children sometimes can’t tell the difference between f and reality.
维度二：词形转换
1.There are few occasions when he has the （free） to do what he wants to do.
2.Chinese children grow up with （warn） not to waste a single grain of rice， out of respect for farmers’ labor.
3.The organization made up of the world famous musicians is touring the world to raise money for the African （starve） people.
4.Considered poisonous for many years in Europe， tomatoes were grown for （decorate） only.
5.As a mental health specialist， I am an active （participate） in the project.
6.Freedom Day is held to celebrate the end of racial （equality） in South Africa.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （人们经常抱怨） how children spend so much time on computer games.
2. （不管你说什么），I won’t believe again.
3.It has been raining for two days. （那就是比赛要被推迟的原因）.
4.Xiao Li （的确遇到了你的妹妹） in the zoo yesterday.
5.This place of interest （被认为是一个必看的景点）.
维度四：课文语法填空
Maybe Letters from Father Christmas is the perfect book for those 1. regard Christmas as a special time of year.The author， J.R.R.Tolkien， is one of the most famous 2. （name） in English literature.
Every Christmas， an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived.It 3. （address） to Tolkien’s children.Inside， they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.The letters were also 4. （beautiful） illustrated — each must have taken its true author， Tolkien， a long time 5. （complete）.
In one letter， Father Christmas complained 6. how he could not stop his helpers 7. （play） games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.Interestingly， the letters did not contain the usual 8. （warn） to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.The letters did， however， change as Tolkien’s children got 9. （old）.
By expressing love for his children in such 10. special way， Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The Longtaitou Festival， which means “dragon raises head” in Chinese， is a traditional Chinese festival held on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. So， it’s also called Eryueer Festival. In Chinese culture， the dragon is an auspicious （吉利的） animal that dominates clouds and rains. The 2nd day of the 2nd lunar month is thought to be the day when dragon awakes and raises its head according to the Chinese folk legend. So the day is called Dragon Heads-raising Day. After the day， spring is coming and there will be more and more rain. People think these credits （功劳） go to the dragon. So the day is also called Spring Dragon Festival. Since the Tang Dynasty （618－907 AD）， Chinese people have had the custom of spending the Spring Dragon Festival.
The most popular custom on the Dragon Heads-raising Day is cutting hair. Dragon is highly honored for its dignity （尊贵） and power for good. It is thought to be auspicious to cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day. Luck and opportunities will always knock you in the year. So， on that day， barbershops’ businesses are growing and full of customers.
The most common foods for celebrating the festival are popcorns， pancakes， noodles， dumplings， fired soy beans and pig’s head. People in different areas have different traditions about the food on the day. In Beijing， people eat Lvdagunr （Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour） and spring pancakes on the day. In Shanxi， people like to eat fried dough twists and pancakes. In Shandong， fried soy beans， noodles and dumplings are the festival food. In Fuzhou， the salted porridge made of glutinous rice， celery， scallion， garlic， fry dried shrimps and shredded meat is eaten. These show people’s hope to be blessed （保佑） with favorable weather and plentiful grain harvest by the dragon.
1.What can we know about the Longtaitou Festival？（ ）
A.It dates back to the Song Dynasty.
B.It is celebrated for two days.
C.It attracts fewer people than other festivals.
D.It suggests the return of spring.
2.Why do people cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day？（ ）
A.It is the most popular custom.
B.It is in honor of dragon’s dignity and power.
C.It is people’s wish for luck and opportunities.
D.It is a sign of barbershops’ prospering businesses.
3.What can we infer from the third paragraph about the Longtaitou Festival？ （ ）
A.People in China share the similar traditional foods on the day.
B.Foods for celebrating the festival usually bear people’s best wishes.
C.Salted foods are used to celebrate the festival throughout China.
D.Traditional foods on the day are prepared for the dragon to eat.
4.What might be the best title for the text？（ ）
A.The Dragon Heads-raising Day
B.The Celebrations of the Longtaitou Festival
C.The Origin of the Longtaitou Festival
D.The Purpose of the Dragon Heads-raising Day
B
From wearing a lucky pair of socks to following family traditions， rituals are embedded in our everyday lives.Rituals are central to actually all of our social institutions.They are held by the army， governments and companies， in parades or ceremonies.They are used by athletes who always wear the same socks for important games.
As we study rituals in a humanistic and scientific way， even if people perform those rituals without a clear purpose， or even when they do have a purpose， there is no particular causal （因果关系的） connection between the action they take and that purpose.For example， when I perform a rain ritual， there is no connection between my movements and water falling from the sky.
But even so， just because ritual does not have any direct causal effect on the world， it does not mean that it has no effect on the world at all.In fact， rituals have very important functions in human societies.They help individuals through their anxieties， they help groups of people connect to one another， and they help people find meaning in their lives.
In fact， even rituals that seem to be painful， stressful， or dangerous have measurable functions for people who perform them.For example， in the context of a fire walking ritual in Spain， we found that during this ritual， people’s heart rates synchronized （同步）.This was not just an effect of people moving at the same time — their heart rates would synchronize no matter what they were doing at the same time： walking on fire or just watching it.
What happened was that people started either adapting traditional ceremonies or creating new ceremonies.That’s like what we saw when people in big cities came out on their balconies and started banging pots and pans together， in a show of solidarity （团结）.
5.What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us？（ ）
A.The origin of daily rituals.
B.The types of ritual practices.
C.The reasons for performing rituals.
D.The popularity of rituals in social life.
6.What do we know about rituals that people perform with a clear purpose？（ ）
A.They don’t have any causal effect that can be measured.
B.They help people with what they want to achieve.
C.They don’t play a role in human societies.
D.They help people take effective action.
7.Why does the author mention the fire walking ritual？（ ）
A.To explore the meaning of the ritual.
B.To prove some rituals are dangerous.
C.To invite people to learn more about the ritual.
D.To show rituals influence those attending them.
8.In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text？（ ）
A.Education. B.Science.
C.Culture. D.Travel.
C
Winter in the Shetland Islands can be a hard dark time： 75 per cent of the islands’ annual rainfall comes down in the winter months and temperatures are very low.On the last Tuesday in January， however， towns throughout Shetland are completely changed， burning bright with torches （火把） as hundreds of locals take to the streets to celebrate Up Helly Aa， the largest fire festival in Europe.Partly in honor of the islanders’ Viking tradition， Up Helly Aa was first celebrated in the 1880s.
Before then， a different kind of celebration took place： the poor locals would walk to the streets to mark the end of the Yule season by burning tar barrels （焦油桶）.The practice of burning tar barrels was accepted most openly by Shetland’s lower class， whose fires in the islands’ narrow streets sometimes led to conflicts （冲突）.The wealthy on the islands canceled the burning of tar barrels in the 1870s.
To create another， more commonly acceptable celebration， a group of men in the Shetland Islands’ capital city of Lerwick decided to restart the festival， featuring a parade of burning torches.They also introduced the idea of including Viking imagery， in honor of local history.The first torch celebration on Up Helly Aa took place in 1881.By the late 1880s， the parade included the burning of a Viking longship.Some years later， a bill of rules was written to govern the year’s activities.At 6 am on the day of Up Helly Aa， the bill was publicly read aloud and shown in the center of the town.
Though the festival attracts visitors from all over the world， the parade itself is an extremely local event.Participants must have been a resident （居民） of Shetland for five years before they can be part of the parade.The festival starts from the 6 am bill reading to the night-time torch-lit march that ends in setting a Viking longship on fire in the dark winter night.
9.What do we know about Up Helly Aa？（ ）
A.It has a history of over 140 years.
B.It is widely celebrated in Europe.
C.It takes place on Tuesdays in January.
D.It is aimed at honoring a great islander.
10.What did the wealthy in Shetland do in the 1870s？（ ）
A.They organized a new fire festival.
B.They improved streets for celebrations.
C.They stopped the fire festival for some time.
D.They fought against the poor because of house fires.
11.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A.The spread of Up Helly Aa across the world.
B.Support from Lerwick to restart Up Helly Aa.
C.The meaning of Up Helly Aa in different ages.
D.Activities added to Up Helly Aa through the years.
12.What does today’s Up Helly Aa set a limit on？（ ）
A.The age of participants.
B.The number of participants.
C.The years participants have lived in Shetland.
D.The size of participants’ families in Shetland.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Celebrating the Harvest Around the World
A harvest festival is a celebration of the fall months and the harvest that often accompanies these months.13.（ ）
Canada
In Canada， people celebrate their harvest on Thanksgiving.14.（ ） English explorer Martin Frobisher came upon the land， searching for the “New World”.As he arrived in Canada in 1578， he celebrated surviving the long journey by holding a
formal celebration and eating salt beef and peas.Today， it has become a recognized holiday in the country that falls on the second Monday in October.15.（ ） One of the highlights of the holiday is a big Thanksgiving Day meal with family， which usually includes turkey and bread， which are prepared and presented in a unique Canadian way.
The United Kingdom
Harvest festival activities are considered a special time for communities to come together in celebration.The harvest festival may start with carrying baskets of fruit and vegetables to a local church where people sing praise songs for a healthy harvest while praying for future harvests.16.（ ） Large dinners may also be hosted where each member brings a special dish to share with each other.
China
In 2018， the Farmers’ Harvest Festival was launched in China.It’s held on the day of the autumn equinox （秋分）， which falls on 23 September.17.（ ） In Jiaxing， Zhejiang Province， farmers brought 100 seed varieties to the main site of the ceremony in Nanhu District and placed them in a wall to mark the achievements of the seed industry.In Heilongjiang Province， the festival was combined with local traditions of the Daur （达斡尔族） people and the locals danced around bonfires.
A.This tradition is said to date back to the 16th century.
B.Every year， a range of events are organized nationwide.
C.These celebrations typically involve dancing and singing.
D.The foods often found at this festival are turkey and bread.
E.Many countries celebrate harvest festivals in different forms.
F.A special effort may be made to give food to the less fortunate.
G.On Thanksgiving， most people return home to gather with their family.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.harvest 2.envelopes 3.literature 4.honour 5.poles
6.vote 7.regular 8.roof 9.fantasy
维度二
1.freedom 2.warnings 3.starving 4.decoration
5.participant 6.inequality
维度三
1.People often complain about
2.Regardless of what you say
3.That is why the match will be put off
4.did meet your younger sister
5.is regarded as a must-see scenic spot
维度四
1.who 2.names 3.was addressed 4.beautifully
5.to complete 6.about 7.playing 8.warnings
9.older 10.a
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是龙抬头节以及其习俗。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的After the day， spring is coming and there will be more and more rain.可知，龙抬头预示着春天的回归。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的It is thought to be ... knock you in the year.可知，人们在龙抬头节剪头发是人们对好运和机会的渴望。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，庆祝龙抬头节的食物通常承载着人们最美好的祝愿。
4.A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是中国的传统节日——龙抬头节。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了仪式的普遍性和重要性，分析了仪式上人们的行为与目的的关系以及仪式对生活的影响。
5.D 段落大意题。根据第一段前两句可知，第一段主要说明仪式在社会生活中的普遍性。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的even if people perform those rituals without a clear purpose ... and that purpose 和第三段中的just because ritual does not have any direct causal effect ... the world at all可知，即使人们在举行仪式时目的明确，这些仪式也不会直接影响人们实现自己的目的，两者之间没有直接的因果关系。
7.D 推理判断题。第四段第一句是本段的主题句，说明仪式对参加者有一定影响，下文举例证明这一点。measurable意为“显著的”。
8.C 文章出处题。本文主要介绍了仪式的普遍性和重要性，分析了在仪式上人们的行为与目的之间的关系，以及仪式对人们生活的影响，因此属于文化范畴。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于苏格兰东部的设得兰群岛的圣火节的历史及庆祝方式。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第三段中的The first torch celebration ... in 1881.可知，圣火节于19世纪80年代首次举办，它已有140多年的历史了。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The practice of burning tar barrels was accepted ... canceled the burning of tar barrels in the 1870s.可知，庆祝圣火节时底层岛民燃烧焦油桶，由于岛上街道狭窄，极易引发冲突。随后，岛上的上层居民决心停止燃烧焦油桶的做法，圣火节一度中止。
11.D 段落大意题。根据第三段中的a group of men in the Shetland Islands’ capital city of Lerwick decided to restart the festival和They also introduced the idea of including Viking imagery ... and shown in the center of the town.可知，该段按时间顺序介绍了被一度中止的圣火节再次举行后逐年增加的一些活动。
12.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，现代的圣火节虽然吸引了来自世界各地的游客，但游行本身是一个非常地方性的活动，参与者必须在设得兰岛居住满五年才能参加游行。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大、英国和中国与丰收相关的节日。
13.E 根据文章标题以及第一句可知，文章与丰收的节日有关。根据下文各个小标题可知，文章介绍了三个国家庆祝丰收节的不同方式。E项（许多国家以不同的方式庆祝丰收节）概括文章主题，引出下文的介绍。
14.A 根据空前一句可知，此处介绍加拿大人是在感恩节这天庆祝丰收。A项中的This tradition指代空前一句中的people celebrate their harvest on Thanksgiving，空后一句则解释了这个传统的渊源，呼应了A项（据说这一传统可以追溯到16世纪）。
15.G 根据上文可知，在感恩节庆祝丰收已经成为全国性的活动；根据空后一句可知，感恩节的习俗包括与家人一起吃一顿感恩节大餐。G项（在感恩节，大多数人回家与家人团聚）引出下文，符合语境。
16.F 根据空前一句可知，在丰收节，人们将很多食物带到教堂；空后一句介绍人们也可能举办晚宴来分享食物。F项（人们可能会作出特别的努力，为那些不幸的人提供食物）与分享食物有关，符合语境。
17.B 空后内容对中国各地庆祝中国农民丰收节的活动进行了举例说明，B项（每年，一系列活动会在全国范围内举办）引出下文，符合语境。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
THE REAL FATHER CHRISTMAS
Many people still remember the magic①of Father Christmas from when they were children.As parents， they try to keep that magic alive②for their children for as long as they can.
[1]That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as③a special time of year. The man who wrote these letters is one of the most famous names in English literature④ — J.R.R.Tolkien， author of The Lord of the Rings.The letters were Tolkien’s way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children， over a period of more than twenty years.
[1]That is why ...那就是……的原因，why引导表语从句，表语从句中又含有一个who 引导的定语从句。句中的could 表示一种不确定的语气。
Every Christmas， an envelope⑤ with a North Pole⑥stamp arrived.It was addressed⑦ to Tolkien’s children.Who could it be from？ The children must have been very excited [2]as they opened it.Inside， they would find a handwritten⑧ letter from Father Christmas.
The letters were also beautifully illustrated⑨ — [3]each must have taken its true author， Tolkien， a long time to complete.
[2]as引导时间状语从句。
[3]本句是sth takes sb some time to do结构。句中的must have taken是must have done结构，表示对已发生动作的肯定推测，意为“肯定做了某事”。
The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole.A regular⑩ character in the letters was Polar Bear， [4]who once climbed the North Pole （an actual pole in this case ） and fell through the roof of Father Christmas’s house.In another letter， Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up .Interestingly， the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children [5]that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.[6]The letters did， however， change as Tolkien’s children got older：
[4]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Polar Bear，在定语从句中作主语。
[5]that引导同位语从句，说明warnings的内容。该同位语从句被介词短语to children分隔开了。
[6]助动词did用于强调谓语动词change。
...[7]but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come， and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes， remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
[7]if引导条件状语从句，从句中含有that引导的宾语从句， you asked for为省略了关系代词的定语从句。
Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas， Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole， we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.By expressing love for his children in such a special way， [8]Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas.
[8]may have done表示立足于现在，对过去发生的事情的推测，意为“可能做了某事”。
【读文清障】
①magic n.魔力
②keep ... alive 使……继续存在
③regard ... as ... 把……视作……
④literature n.文学
English literature 英国文学
⑤envelope n.信封
⑥pole n.（行星的）地极，（尤指地球的）北极或南极
the North/South Pole 北极/南极
⑦address vt.写（收信人）姓名地址；致函
address ... to ...将……寄给……
⑧handwritten adj.手写的
a handwritten letter 一封手写的信
⑨illustrate vt.给（书籍、文章等）加插图
⑩regular adj.频繁的，经常的
polar adj.极地的
polar bear 北极熊
in this case 在这种情况下
roof n.（建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的）顶，顶部
complain v.抱怨，不满，发牢骚
complain about ...抱怨……
stop ... （from） doing ... 阻止……做……
wrap ... up 将……打包
warning n.警告，警示，告诫
a number of 意为“许多，若干”，修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
“the number of＋可数名词复数”意为“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
starving adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的
starve v.挨饿，饿死
as well as 除……之外
【参考译文】
真正的圣诞老人
来自童年时代的圣诞老人的魔力，很多人（长大以后）还依然记得。为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
那就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特殊的时间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。写这些信的人是英国文坛的一位巨匠——《魔戒》的作者J.R.R.托尔金。在二十多年的时间里，托尔金以写信这种方式让他的四个孩子相信圣诞老人真的存在。
每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，收信人是托尔金的孩子们。会是谁寄来的呢？孩子们打开时一定非常兴奋。他们会看到里面有一封圣诞老人的亲笔信。信里还配着精美的插图——它们真正的作者托尔金一定花了很长时间去完成每一幅画作。
这些信中讲述了圣诞老人在北极生活和探险的精彩故事。信中经常出现的一个角色是北极熊。有一次，它爬上北极（在信中，北极是一根真的杆子），结果摔下来砸穿了圣诞老人家的屋顶。在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。有意思的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。不过，随着托尔金的孩子们渐渐长大，信的内容确实发生了一些变化：
“……但是，如果你发现自己并没有得到很多你想要的东西，有时甚至所获无几，请你记住，在这个圣诞节，世界上还有很多贫穷而饥饿的人。”
《圣诞老人的来信》告诉我们，在圣诞节，除了欣赏圣诞老人、北极熊和其他一些生活在北极的人物的冒险故事之外，我们还可以共同体会真正的给予精神。托尔金用这样一种特别的方式来表达对儿女的爱，他可以算得上是真正的圣诞老人。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.Who may be most interested in the book Letters from Father Christmas？（ ）
A.People who like reading novels.
B.People who like playing games.
C.People who like reading books about festivals.
D.People who consider Christmas a special time of year.
2.Which of the following statements about J.R.R.Tolkien is NOT true according to Paragraph 2？（ ）
A.J.R.R.Tolkien has four children.
B.J.R.R.Tolkien is very famous in French literature.
C.J.R.R.Tolkien is the author of The Lord of the Rings.
D.J.R.R.Tolkien kept writing letters to his four children for over twenty years.
3.What topic might be talked about in the letters？（ ）
①Father Christmas’s life at the North Pole.
②J.R.R.Tolkien’s daily life at the North Pole.
③Father Christmas’s warning to the children.
④Father Christmas’s complaints about his helpers.
A.①② B.①③
C.①④ D.③④
4.What kind of father do you think J.R.R.Tolkien is？（ ）
A.Humorous. B.Strict.
C.Serious. D.Caring.
5.Which of the following best explains the title of the passage？（ ）
A.The real Father Christmas was actually Tolkien himself.
B.Tolkien wrote the letters as wonderfully as Father Christmas.
C.Tolkien’s love and care for his children made him very like Father Christmas.
D.Tolkien was the real Father Christmas， because he wrote letters using the name “Father Christmas”.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the mood.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.Would you like to read the book Letters from Father Christmas？Give your reasons.
2.What is the most special gift you have received from your family？Why is it special？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
句式分析 本句为复合句，why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year为 从句，在该从句中又含有 从句who regard Christmas as a special time of year。
自主翻译
2.Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
句式分析 本句为复合句，that they might not receive their presents if they were not good为that引导的 从句，在该从句中又含有 从句if they were not good。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
honour v.向……表示敬意；表扬（某人）；给（某人）以荣誉 n.荣幸；荣誉；敬意
【教材原句】 Freedom Day is to honour an event.自由日是为了纪念一个事件。
【用法】
（1）in honour of 为了纪念；为了表示敬意
It is sb’s/an honour to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸/一种荣幸
have the honour of doing/to do sth 有幸做某事
feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
（2）honourable adj. 可敬的
【佳句】 I feel honoured to be invited to make a speech here.
受邀在此演讲我感到荣幸。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The monument was built honour of the soldiers who lost their lives for the country.
②I have the honour （inform） you that you have got the first prize.
【写美】 补全句子
③ here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
我很荣幸能在这里与你们分享关于高中要学习什么的看法。（发言稿）
participate v.参加，参与
【教材原句】 Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africa’s first fully-participated elections in 1994， in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour.自由日每年4月27日举行，庆祝南非1994年第一次全民参与的选举，在这次选举中，不分肤色，人人都可以投票。
【用法】
（1）participate in （doing） sth 参加（做）某事
（2）participant n. 参加者；共享者
（3）participation n. 参与；分担；共享
【佳句】 Hopefully， you can participate in the game， as your participation can surely help us win the championship.
希望你能参加比赛，因为你的参与一定能帮助我们获得冠军。
【联想】 不一样的“参加”
（1）participate in/take part in the sports meeting/the tournament
参加运动会/锦标赛（参加并起作用）
（2）join the Army/League/Party参军/入团/入党
（3）attend the meeting/ceremony/wedding出席会议/出席庆典/参加婚礼
（4）attend school/class/church上学/上课/去教堂做礼拜
【练透】 单句语法填空/选词填空（join/attend）
①Rocket launching is a complicated process which requires （participate） of many staff members.
②With the intention of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival， the related training will be provided for all the （participate）.
③She a volunteer club to help teenagers quit smoking and live a healthier life.
④I am so sorry that I won’t be able to class on traditional Chinese culture tomorrow afternoon.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤Since you take great interest in music， I am writing to invite you to join in the festival.
→Since you take great interest in music， I am writing to invite you to the festival.
vote v.投票，表决；选举 n.投票；选票；表决
【教材原句】 Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africa’s first fully-participated elections in 1994， in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour.自由日每年4月27日举行，庆祝南非1994年第一次全民参与的选举，在这次选举中，不分肤色，人人都可以投票。
【用法】
vote for/against ... 投票赞成/反对……
vote on ... 就……表决
vote to do sth 投票做某事
【佳句】 As we can’t agree on this matter， let’s vote on it.
对于这个问题我们无法达成一致意见，让我们投票表决吧。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Whether you vote or the plan doesn’t seem to matter very much.
②Our class voted （have） a picnic in the park instead of going to the museum.
【写美】 补全句子
③We will listen to the arguments of both sides first and then it.
我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。
limitless adj.无限的
【教材原句】 With his limitless imagination，he created new worlds for his readers to explore.
他以无限的想象力为读者创造了探索的新世界。
【用法】
（1）limited adj. 有限的
be limited to ... 受限制于……
（2）limit vt. 限制；限定
n. 界限；限度
limit ...to ... 把……限定在……之内
There is a/no limit to ... ……是有限的/无限的
set a limit/limits on 设定……的限度
without limit 无限地，无限制地
【佳句】 The teacher demanded that each of us should limit our speech to five minutes.
老师要求我们每个人把发言时间限制在五分钟之内。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A man’s life is （limit）， but there is no limit to （serve） the people.I will devote my （limit） life to the （limit） job of serving the people.
②Before setting off， they set a limit the expenses of the trip.
【写美】 补全句子
③Without friends， your world would wilderness.
没有朋友，你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。（主旨升华句）
regard v.认为，看作 n.关心，关怀；考虑；尊敬；问候，致意
【教材原句】 That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
那就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特殊的时间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。
【用法】
（1）regard ...as ... 把……视作……
（2）have high regard for ... 钦佩……
with/in regard to sth 关于某事/物
give one’s regards to ... 代某人向……问候
in this/that regard 在这/那方面
（3）regarding prep. 关于，至于
【佳句】 In regard to/Regarding your question about my future career choices， I’m determined to be a doctor.
关于你对我未来职业选择的疑问，我决心成为一名医生。
【点津】 regard意为“问候，致意”时，通常用其复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I have very high regard him and what he has achieved.
②In regard your request for information，I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you.
③ （regard） your job advertisement， I am writing to request further details.
【写美】 补全句子
④Online learning a very effective way to learn English.
在线学习被认为是一个非常有效的英语学习方法。（发言稿）
complain v.抱怨，不满，发牢骚；投诉
【教材原句】 In another letter， Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
【用法】
（1）complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨/投诉某事
complain （to sb） that ... （向某人）抱怨……
complain about/of ... 诉说（病情或痛苦等）
（2）complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint about/against ... 投诉……；抱怨……
【佳句】 The citizens complained of not being able to breathe fresh air because of the thick fog last year.
去年由于浓雾，市民抱怨不能呼吸新鲜空气。
【点津】 complain后面不能直接跟sb作宾语，需先加介词to。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She can’t help complaining her boss about a mass of things to do.
②I am writing to make a complaint your bad delivery service.
③We often hear a number of （complain） from customers about the poor service in that hotel.
【写美】 补全句子
④I’d like to the waiters of your hotel broke my suitcase on purpose.
我想向你投诉贵宾馆的服务员故意弄坏了我的行李箱。（投诉信）
warning n.警告，警示，告诫
【教材原句】 Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.有意思的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
【用法】
（1）a written warning 一份书面警告
warning lights 警示灯
without any warning 没有任何先兆
（2）warn vt. 警告；提醒
warn sb against （doing） sth＝warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事
warn sb of/about sth 警告某人某事；让某人提防某事
warn sb that ... 警告/提醒某人……
warn sb off 警告某人不要靠近……
【佳句】 Doctors issued a warning against eating fish caught in the river.
医生发出警告说不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The children had been warned the harm of the computer games， but still many of them got addicted to these games.
②Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without （warn）.
【写美】 一句多译
③老师警告我们不要把手机带进考场。
→The teacher carry mobile phones into the examination room.
→The teacher carrying mobile phones into the examination room.
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：That is why ...那就是……的原因
【教材原句】 That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.那就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特殊的时间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。
【用法】
（1）This/That is why ...这/那就是……的原因，why引导的从句作表语，表示结果。
（2）This/That is because ...这/那是因为……，because引导的从句作表语，表示原因。
（3）The reason why ...is/was that ...中that引导的从句作表语，表示原因，that不可换成because。
【品悟】 Tom overslept this morning.That’s why he was late for work.
汤姆今天早上睡过头了。那就是他上班迟到的原因。
【写美】 微写作/句型转换
①我们生活在一个非常便捷的世界中。那是因为人工智能技术在很多情况下取代了我们。
We are living in a quite convenient world. in many cases.
②He always failed the exam.That’s because he was lazy.
→ he always failed the exam he was lazy.
→He was lazy， he always failed the exam.
句型公式：do/does/did强调谓语动词
【教材原句】 The letters did， however， change as Tolkien’s children got older： ...
不过，随着托尔金的孩子们渐渐长大，信的内容确实发生了一些变化：……
【用法】
（1）如果强调谓语动词，不能用强调句型，而要在动词原形前加助动词do，does或did，表示“的确，确实，真的”。
（2）这种强调结构只有一般现在时和一般过去时，没有疑问和否定形式。
（3）do/does用于一般现在时，did用于一般过去时；do用于第一、二人称的单复数和第三人称复数，does用于第三人称单数，did用于各种人称。
（4）在祈使句中使用“do＋动词原形”结构，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。
【品悟】 The scientist did devote all his life to his research work.
这位科学家确实把他的一生献给了研究工作。
【写美】 微写作
①下星期天请一定来参加我的生日聚会，我会准备一些自制的小吃。
Please next Sunday and I will prepare some homemade snacks.
②我确实希望你不要灰心并继续学习汉语。
I and will keep on learning Chinese.
③她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
She her address，but I forgot all about it.
④他们在校学习确实努力，这令他们的父母很高兴。
They ，which makes their parents very happy.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.alive 2.writing 3.excited 4.adventures 5.Pole 6.giving
第二步
1－5 DBCDC
第三步
The children must have been very excited as they opened it.
第四步
1.Yes.Because the author uses his writing talent to show his love for children.In his writings， Santa Claus is real， who not only sends gifts， but also writes letters to children to help them realize their wishes.The children are loved， valued and trusted， so that they can grow more confidently and healthily.
2.The most special gift I have received is a lovely dog my mother bought me for my birthday， because I’ve always loved dogs and wanted to have one.The dog really brings great fun to me.
第五步
1.表语 定语
那就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特殊的时间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。
2.同位语 条件状语
有意思的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①in ②to inform ③It is my honour to be/I feel honoured to be/I have the honour of being/I have the honour to be
2.①participation ②participants ③joined ④attend
⑤participate in/take part in
3.①for； against ②to have ③vote on
4.①limited； serving； limited； limitless ②on
③be limited to
5.①for ②to ③Regarding ④is regarded as
6.①to ②about/against ③complaints
④complain to you that
7.①of/about ②warning
③warned us not to； warned us against
重点句型解构
1.①That’s because AI technology has taken the place of us ②The reason why； was that； and that’s why
2.①do come to my birthday party
②do hope that you won’t lose heart ③did tell me about ④do work hard at school
10 / 10(共114张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
THE REAL FATHER CHRISTMAS
Many people still remember the magic①of Father Christmas from
when they were children.As parents， they try to keep that magic alive②
for their children for as long as they can.
[1]That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect
book for those who regard Christmas as③a special time of year. The man
who wrote these letters is one of the most famous names in English
literature④ — J. R. R. Tolkien， author of The Lord of the Rings.The
letters were Tolkien’s way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four
children， over a period of more than twenty years.
[1]That is why ...那就是……的原因，why引导表语从句，表语
从句中又含有一个who 引导的定语从句。句中的could 表示一种不确
定的语气。
【读文清障】
①magic n.魔力
②keep ... alive 使……继续存在
③regard ... as ... 把……视作……
④literature n.文学
English literature 英国文学
Every Christmas， an envelope⑤ with a North Pole⑥stamp arrived.It
was addressed⑦ to Tolkien’s children.Who could it be from？ The
children must have been very excited [2]as they opened it.Inside， they
would find a handwritten⑧ letter from Father Christmas.The letters were
also beautifully illustrated⑨ — [3]each must have taken its true author，
Tolkien， a long time to complete.
[2]as引导时间状语从句。
[3]本句是sth takes sb some time to do结构。句中的must have
taken是must have done结构，表示对已发生动作的肯定推测，意为
“肯定做了某事”。
⑤envelope n.信封
⑥pole n.（行星的）地极，（尤指地球的）北极或南极
the North/South Pole 北极/南极
⑦address vt.写（收信人）姓名地址；致函
address ... to ...将……寄给……
⑧handwritten adj.手写的
a handwritten letter 一封手写的信
⑨illustrate vt.给（书籍、文章等）加插图
The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and
adventures at the North Pole.A regular⑩ character in the letters was Polar
Bear， [4]who once climbed the North Pole （an actual pole in this
case ） and fell through the roof of Father Christmas’s house.In
another letter， Father Christmas complained about how he could not
stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up
.Interestingly， the letters did not contain the usual warnings to
children [5]that they might not receive their presents if they were not
good.[6]The letters did， however， change as Tolkien’s children got
older：
[4]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Polar Bear，在定语
从句中作主语。
[5]that引导同位语从句，说明warnings的内容。该同位语从句被
介词短语to children分隔开了。
[6]助动词did用于强调谓语动词change。
⑩regular adj.频繁的，经常的
polar adj.极地的
polar bear 北极熊
in this case 在这种情况下
roof n.（建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的）顶，顶部
complain v.抱怨，不满，发牢骚
complain about ... 抱怨……
stop ... （from） doing ... 阻止……做……
wrap ... up 将……打包
warning n.警告，警示，告诫
[7]if引导条件状语从句，从句中含有that引导的宾语从句， you
asked for为省略了关系代词的定语从句。
...[7]but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have
come， and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes， remember that this
Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and
starving people.
a number of 意为“许多，若干”，修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词用复
数形式。
“the number of＋可数名词复数”意为“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动
词用第三人称单数形式。
starving adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的
starve v.挨饿，饿死
Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the
adventures of Father Christmas， Polar Bear and other characters at the
North Pole， we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas
time.By expressing love for his children in such a special way，
[8]Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas.
[8]may have done表示立足于现在，对过去发生的事情的推测，
意为“可能做了某事”。
as well as 除……之外
【参考译文】
真正的圣诞老人
来自童年时代的圣诞老人的魔力，很多人（长大以后）还依然记
得。为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔
力的存在。
那就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特
殊的时间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。写这些信的人
是英国文坛的一位巨匠——《魔戒》的作者J. R. R. 托尔金。在二十
多年的时间里，托尔金以写信这种方式让他的四个孩子相信圣诞老人
真的存在。
每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，收
信人是托尔金的孩子们。会是谁寄来的呢？孩子们打开时一定非常兴
奋。他们会看到里面有一封圣诞老人的亲笔信。信里还配着精美的插
图——它们真正的作者托尔金一定花了很长时间去完成每一幅画作。
这些信中讲述了圣诞老人在北极生活和探险的精彩故事。信中经
常出现的一个角色是北极熊。有一次，它爬上北极（在信中，北极是
一根真的杆子），结果摔下来砸穿了圣诞老人家的屋顶。在另一封信
中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而
拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。有意思的是，信
中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼
物之类的话。不过，随着托尔金的孩子们渐渐长大，信的内容确实发
生了一些变化：
“……但是，如果你发现自己并没有得到很多你想要的东西，有
时甚至所获无几，请你记住，在这个圣诞节，世界上还有很多贫穷而
饥饿的人。”
《圣诞老人的来信》告诉我们，在圣诞节，除了欣赏圣诞老人、
北极熊和其他一些生活在北极的人物的冒险故事之外，我们还可以共
同体会真正的给予精神。托尔金用这样一种特别的方式来表达对儿女
的爱，他可以算得上是真正的圣诞老人。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构
理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. Who may be most interested in the book Letters from Father
Christmas？（ ）
A. People who like reading novels.
B. People who like playing games.
C. People who like reading books about festivals.
D. People who consider Christmas a special time of year.
2. Which of the following statements about J. R. R. Tolkien is NOT true
according to Paragraph 2？（ ）
A. J. R. R. Tolkien has four children.
B. J. R. R. Tolkien is very famous in French literature.
C. J. R. R. Tolkien is the author of The Lord of the Rings.
D. J. R. R. Tolkien kept writing letters to his four children for over
twenty years.
3. What topic might be talked about in the letters？（ ）
①Father Christmas’s life at the North Pole.
②J. R. R. Tolkien’s daily life at the North Pole.
③Father Christmas’s warning to the children.
④Father Christmas’s complaints about his helpers.
A. ①② B. ①③
C. ①④ D. ③④
4. What kind of father do you think J. R. R. Tolkien is？（ ）
A. Humorous. B. Strict.
C. Serious. D. Caring.
5. Which of the following best explains the title of the passage？（ ）
A. The real Father Christmas was actually Tolkien himself.
B. Tolkien wrote the letters as wonderfully as Father Christmas.
C. Tolkien’s love and care for his children made him very like Father
Christmas.
D. Tolkien was the real Father Christmas， because he wrote letters using
the name “Father Christmas”.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the mood.
The children must have been very excited as they opened it.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. Would you like to read the book Letters from Father Christmas？Give
your reasons.
Yes.Because the author uses his writing talent to show his love for
children.In his writings， Santa Claus is real， who not only sends
gifts， but also writes letters to children to help them realize their
wishes.The children are loved， valued and trusted， so that they can
grow more confidently and healthily.
2. What is the most special gift you have received from your family？Why
is it special？
The most special gift I have received is a lovely dog my mother bought
me for my birthday， because I’ve always loved dogs and wanted to
have one.The dog really brings great fun to me.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for
those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
句式分析 本句为复合句，why Letters from Father Christmas could
be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of
year为 从句，在该从句中又含有 从句who regard
Christmas as a special time of year。
自主翻译
表语
定语
那就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一
年中的一个特殊的时间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的
原因。
2. Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children
that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
句式分析 本句为复合句，that they might not receive their presents if
they were not good为that引导的 从句，在该从句中又含
有 从句if they were not good。
自主翻译
同位语
条件状语
有意思的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警
告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
honour v.向……表示敬意；表扬（某人）；给（某人）以荣誉 n.
荣幸；荣誉；敬意
【教材原句】 Freedom Day is to honour an event.自由日是为了纪念
一个事件。
【用法】
（1）in honour of 为了纪念；为了表示敬意
It is sb’s/an honour to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸/一种荣幸
have the honour of doing/to do sth 有幸做某事
feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
（2）honourable adj. 可敬的
【佳句】 I feel honoured to be invited to make a speech here.
受邀在此演讲我感到荣幸。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The monument was built honour of the soldiers who lost their lives for the country.
②I have the honour （inform） you that you have got the first prize.
in
to inform
【写美】 补全句子
③
here to share with you my opinions on
what to learn in senior high school.
我很荣幸能在这里与你们分享关于高中要学习什么的看法。（发
言稿）
It is my honour to be/I feel honoured to be/I have the honour of
being/I have the honour to be
participate v.参加，参与
【教材原句】 Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate
South Africa’s first fully-participated elections in 1994， in which
everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour.自由日每年4月27
日举行，庆祝南非1994年第一次全民参与的选举，在这次选举中，不
分肤色，人人都可以投票。
【用法】
（1）participate in （doing） sth 参加（做）某事
（2）participant n. 参加者；共享者
（3）participation n. 参与；分担；共享
【佳句】 Hopefully， you can participate in the game， as your
participation can surely help us win the championship.希望你能参
加比赛，因为你的参与一定能帮助我们获得冠军。
【联想】 不一样的“参加”
（1）participate in/take part in the sports meeting/the tournament参加运
动会/锦标赛（参加并起作用）
（2）join the Army/League/Party
参军/入团/入党
（3）attend the meeting/ceremony/wedding
出席会议/出席庆典/参加婚礼
（4）attend school/class/church
上学/上课/去教堂做礼拜
【练透】 单句语法填空/选词填空（join/attend）
①Rocket launching is a complicated process which
requires （participate） of many staff members.
②With the intention of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival， the related
training will be provided for all the （participate）.
③She a volunteer club to help teenagers quit smoking and live
a healthier life.
④I am so sorry that I won’t be able to class on traditional
Chinese culture tomorrow afternoon.
participation
participants
joined
attend
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤Since you take great interest in music， I am writing to invite you to
join in the festival.
→Since you take great interest in music， I am writing to invite you
to the festival.
participate in/take part in
vote v.投票，表决；选举 n.投票；选票；表决
【教材原句】 Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate
South Africa’s first fully-participated elections in 1994， in which
everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour.自由日每年4月27
日举行，庆祝南非1994年第一次全民参与的选举，在这次选举中，不
分肤色，人人都可以投票。
【用法】
vote for/against ... 投票赞成/反对……
vote on ... 就……表决
vote to do sth 投票做某事
【佳句】 As we can’t agree on this matter， let’s vote on it.
对于这个问题我们无法达成一致意见，让我们投票表决吧。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Whether you vote or the plan doesn’t seem to
matter very much.
②Our class voted （have） a picnic in the park instead of
going to the museum.
【写美】 补全句子
③We will listen to the arguments of both sides first and then
it.
我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。
for
against
to have
vote on
limitless adj.无限的
【教材原句】 With his limitless imagination，he created new worlds
for his readers to explore.
他以无限的想象力为读者创造了探索的新世界。
【用法】
（1）limited adj. 有限的
be limited to ... 受限制于……
（2）limit vt. 限制；限定
n. 界限；限度
limit ...to ... 把……限定在……之内
There is a/no limit to ... ……是有限的/无限的
set a limit/limits on 设定……的限度
without limit 无限地，无限制地
【佳句】 The teacher demanded that each of us should limit our speech
to five minutes.
老师要求我们每个人把发言时间限制在五分钟之内。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A man’s life is （limit）， but there is no limit
to （serve） the people.I will devote my
（limit） life to the （limit） job of serving the people.
②Before setting off， they set a limit the expenses of the trip.
limited
serving
limited
limitless
on
【写美】 补全句子
③Without friends， your world would wilderness.
没有朋友，你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。（主旨升华句）
be limited to
regard v.认为，看作 n.关心，关怀；考虑；尊敬；问候，致意
【教材原句】 That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the
perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.那
就是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特殊的时
间的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。
【用法】
（1）regard ...as ... 把……视作……
（2）have high regard for ... 钦佩……
with/in regard to sth 关于某事/物
give one’s regards to ... 代某人向……问候
in this/that regard 在这/那方面
（3）regarding prep. 关于，至于
【佳句】 In regard to/Regarding your question about my future career
choices， I’m determined to be a doctor.关于你对我未来职业选择的
疑问，我决心成为一名医生。
【点津】 regard意为“问候，致意”时，通常用其复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I have very high regard him and what he has achieved.
②In regard your request for information，I regret to inform you
that I am unable to help you.
③ （regard） your job advertisement， I am writing to
request further details.
for
to
Regarding
【写美】 补全句子
④Online learning a very effective way to learn
English.
在线学习被认为是一个非常有效的英语学习方法。（发言稿）
is regarded as
complain v.抱怨，不满，发牢骚；投诉
【教材原句】 In another letter， Father Christmas complained about
how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of
wrapping them up.在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非
但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让
他们停下来。
【用法】
（1）complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨/投诉某事
complain （to sb） that ... （向某人）抱怨……
complain about/of ... 诉说（病情或痛苦等）
（2）complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint about/against ... 投诉……；抱怨……
【佳句】 The citizens complained of not being able to breathe fresh air
because of the thick fog last year.
去年由于浓雾，市民抱怨不能呼吸新鲜空气。
【点津】 complain后面不能直接跟sb作宾语，需先加介词to。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She can’t help complaining her boss about a mass of things to
do.
②I am writing to make a complaint your bad delivery
service.
③We often hear a number of （complain） from
customers about the poor service in that hotel.
to
about/against
complaints
【写美】 补全句子
④I’d like to the waiters of your hotel broke my
suitcase on purpose.
我想向你投诉贵宾馆的服务员故意弄坏了我的行李箱。（投诉信）
complain to you that
warning n.警告，警示，告诫
【教材原句】 Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual
warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were
not good.
有意思的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好
就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
【用法】
（1）a written warning 一份书面警告
warning lights 警示灯
without any warning 没有任何先兆
（2）warn vt. 警告；提醒
warn sb against （doing） sth＝warn sb not to do sth
警告某人不要做某事
warn sb of/about sth 警告某人某事；让某人提防某事
warn sb that ... 警告/提醒某人……
warn sb off 警告某人不要靠近……
【佳句】 Doctors issued a warning against eating fish caught in the
river.
医生发出警告说不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The children had been warned the harm of the computer
games， but still many of them got addicted to these games.
②Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up
without （warn）.
of/about
warning
【写美】 一句多译
③老师警告我们不要把手机带进考场。
→The teacher carry mobile phones into the
examination room.
→The teacher carrying mobile phones into the
examination room.
warned us not to
warned us against
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：That is why ...那就是……的原因
【教材原句】 That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the
perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.那就
是《圣诞老人的来信》对那些认为圣诞节是一年中的一个特殊的时间
的人来说可能是一本再合适不过的书的原因。
【用法】
（1）This/That is why ...这/那就是……的原因，why引导的从句作表
语，表示结果。
（2）This/That is because ...这/那是因为……，because引导的从句作
表语，表示原因。
（3）The reason why ...is/was that ...中that引导的从句作表语，表示
原因，that不可换成because。
【品悟】 Tom overslept this morning.That’s why he was late for
work.
汤姆今天早上睡过头了。那就是他上班迟到的原因。
【写美】 微写作/句型转换
①我们生活在一个非常便捷的世界中。那是因为人工智能技术在很多
情况下取代了我们。
We are living in a quite convenient world.
in many cases.
That’s because AI
technology has taken the place of us
②He always failed the exam.That’s because he was lazy.
→ he always failed the exam he was
lazy.
→He was lazy， he always failed the exam.
The reason why
was that
and that’s why
句型公式：do/does/did强调谓语动词
【教材原句】 The letters did， however， change as Tolkien’s
children got older： ...
不过，随着托尔金的孩子们渐渐长大，信的内容确实发生了一些变
化：……
【用法】
（1）如果强调谓语动词，不能用强调句型，而要在动词原形前加助
动词do，does或did，表示“的确，确实，真的”。
（2）这种强调结构只有一般现在时和一般过去时，没有疑问和否定
形式。
（3）do/does用于一般现在时，did用于一般过去时；do用于第一、二
人称的单复数和第三人称复数，does用于第三人称单数，did用
于各种人称。
（4）在祈使句中使用“do＋动词原形”结构，往往不表示命令，而
表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。
【品悟】 The scientist did devote all his life to his research work.
这位科学家确实把他的一生献给了研究工作。
【写美】 微写作
①下星期天请一定来参加我的生日聚会，我会准备一些自制的小吃。
Please next Sunday and I will prepare
some homemade snacks.
②我确实希望你不要灰心并继续学习汉语。
I and will keep on learning
Chinese.
do come to my birthday party
do hope that you won’t lose heart
③她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
She her address，but I forgot all about it.
④他们在校学习确实努力，这令他们的父母很高兴。
They ，which makes their parents very happy.
did tell me about
do work hard at school
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. Thanksgiving was a typical custom to give thanks for a
good （收成） in the past.
2. If you go to the post office， could you buy me some
（信封） and stamps？
3. A Dream of Red Mansions occupies an important place in the history of
Chinese （文学）.
harvest
envelopes
literature
4. Dragon Boat Festival is to （向……表示敬意） Qu
Yuan， a poet in Ancient China.
5. For six months of the year，there is hardly any light at the
（地极）.
6. Each citizen over 18 years old in our country has the right to v .
7. It is generally assumed that taking r exercise enables you to
become more energetic.
8. I caught sight of the house whose r was blown away by the
typhoon last night.
9. Young children sometimes can’t tell the difference between f
and reality.
honour
poles
ote
egular
oof
antasy
维度二：词形转换
1. There are few occasions when he has the （free） to do
what he wants to do.
2. Chinese children grow up with （warn） not to waste a
single grain of rice， out of respect for farmers’ labor.
3. The organization made up of the world famous musicians is touring the
world to raise money for the African （starve） people.
4. Considered poisonous for many years in Europe， tomatoes were
grown for （decorate） only.
freedom
warnings
starving
decoration
5. As a mental health specialist， I am an active
（participate） in the project.
6. Freedom Day is held to celebrate the end of racial
（equality） in South Africa.
participant
inequality
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （人们经常抱怨） how children
spend so much time on computer games.
2. （不管你说什么），I won’t believe
again.
3. It has been raining for two days.
（那就是比赛要被推迟的原因）.
4. Xiao Li （的确遇到了你的妹妹）
in the zoo yesterday.
5. This place of interest （被认
为是一个必看的景点）.
People often complain about
Regardless of what you say
That is why the match will be put
off
did meet your younger sister
is regarded as a must-see scenic spot
维度四：课文语法填空
Maybe Letters from Father Christmas is the perfect book for those
1. regard Christmas as a special time of year.The author， J. R.
R. Tolkien， is one of the most famous 2. （name） in
English literature.
who
names
Every Christmas， an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived.It
3. （address） to Tolkien’s children.Inside， they
would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.The letters were
also 4. （beautiful） illustrated — each must have taken
its true author， Tolkien， a long time 5. （complete）.
was addressed
beautifully
to complete
In one letter， Father Christmas complained 6. how he
could not stop his helpers 7. （play） games with the toys
instead of wrapping them up.Interestingly， the letters did not contain the
usual 8. （warn） to children that they might not receive
their presents if they were not good.The letters did， however， change
as Tolkien’s children got 9. （old）.
By expressing love for his children in such 10. special way，
Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas.
about
playing
warnings
older
a
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The Longtaitou Festival， which means “dragon raises head” in
Chinese， is a traditional Chinese festival held on the second day of the
second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. So， it’s also called
Eryueer Festival. In Chinese culture， the dragon is an auspicious （吉利
的） animal that dominates clouds and rains. The 2nd day of the 2nd lunar
month is thought to be the day when dragon awakes and raises its head
according to the Chinese folk legend.
So the day is called Dragon Heads-raising Day. After the day， spring is
coming and there will be more and more rain. People think these credits
（功劳） go to the dragon. So the day is also called Spring Dragon
Festival. Since the Tang Dynasty （618－907 AD）， Chinese people
have had the custom of spending the Spring Dragon Festival.
The most popular custom on the Dragon Heads-raising Day is cutting
hair. Dragon is highly honored for its dignity （尊贵） and power for
good. It is thought to be auspicious to cut hair on the Dragon Heads-
raising Day. Luck and opportunities will always knock you in the year.
So， on that day， barbershops’ businesses are growing and full of
customers.
The most common foods for celebrating the festival are popcorns，
pancakes， noodles， dumplings， fired soy beans and pig’s head.
People in different areas have different traditions about the food on the
day. In Beijing， people eat Lvdagunr （Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet
Bean Flour） and spring pancakes on the day. In Shanxi， people like to
eat fried dough twists and pancakes. In Shandong， fried soy beans，
noodles and dumplings are the festival food. In Fuzhou， the salted
porridge made of glutinous rice， celery， scallion， garlic， fry dried
shrimps and shredded meat is eaten.
These show people’s hope to be blessed （保佑） with favorable
weather and plentiful grain harvest by the dragon.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是龙抬头节以及其习
俗。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是龙抬头节以及其习
俗。
1. What can we know about the Longtaitou Festival？（ ）
A. It dates back to the Song Dynasty.
B. It is celebrated for two days.
C. It attracts fewer people than other festivals.
D. It suggests the return of spring.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的After the day， spring is
coming and there will be more and more rain.可知，龙抬头预示着春
天的回归。
2. Why do people cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day？（ ）
A. It is the most popular custom.
B. It is in honor of dragon’s dignity and power.
C. It is people’s wish for luck and opportunities.
D. It is a sign of barbershops’ prospering businesses.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的It is thought to be ...
knock you in the year.可知，人们在龙抬头节剪头发是人们对好运
和机会的渴望。
3. What can we infer from the third paragraph about the Longtaitou
Festival？ （ ）
A. People in China share the similar traditional foods on the day.
B. Foods for celebrating the festival usually bear people’s best wishes.
C. Salted foods are used to celebrate the festival throughout China.
D. Traditional foods on the day are prepared for the dragon to eat.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，庆祝龙抬头节
的食物通常承载着人们最美好的祝愿。
4. What might be the best title for the text？（ ）
A. The Dragon Heads-raising Day
B. The Celebrations of the Longtaitou Festival
C. The Origin of the Longtaitou Festival
D. The Purpose of the Dragon Heads-raising Day
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是中国的
传统节日——龙抬头节。
B
From wearing a lucky pair of socks to following family traditions，
rituals are embedded in our everyday lives.Rituals are central to actually
all of our social institutions.They are held by the army， governments and
companies， in parades or ceremonies.They are used by athletes who
always wear the same socks for important games.
As we study rituals in a humanistic and scientific way， even if
people perform those rituals without a clear purpose， or even when they
do have a purpose， there is no particular causal （因果关系的）
connection between the action they take and that purpose.For example，
when I perform a rain ritual， there is no connection between my
movements and water falling from the sky.
But even so， just because ritual does not have any direct causal
effect on the world， it does not mean that it has no effect on the world at
all.In fact， rituals have very important functions in human
societies.They help individuals through their anxieties， they help groups
of people connect to one another， and they help people find meaning in
their lives.
In fact， even rituals that seem to be painful， stressful， or
dangerous have measurable functions for people who perform them.For
example， in the context of a fire walking ritual in Spain， we found that
during this ritual， people’s heart rates synchronized （同步）.This was
not just an effect of people moving at the same time — their heart rates
would synchronize no matter what they were doing at the same time：
walking on fire or just watching it.
What happened was that people started either adapting traditional
ceremonies or creating new ceremonies.That’s like what we saw when
people in big cities came out on their balconies and started banging pots
and pans together， in a show of solidarity （团结）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了仪式的普遍性和重要
性，分析了仪式上人们的行为与目的的关系以及仪式对生活的影
响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了仪式的普遍性和重要
性，分析了仪式上人们的行为与目的的关系以及仪式对生活的影
响。
5. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us？（ ）
A. The origin of daily rituals.
B. The types of ritual practices.
C. The reasons for performing rituals.
D. The popularity of rituals in social life.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第一段前两句可知，第一段主要说明
仪式在社会生活中的普遍性。
6. What do we know about rituals that people perform with a clear
purpose？（ ）
A. They don’t have any causal effect that can be measured.
B. They help people with what they want to achieve.
C. They don’t play a role in human societies.
D. They help people take effective action.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的even if people perform
those rituals without a clear purpose ... and that purpose 和第三段中
的just because ritual does not have any direct causal effect ... the
world at all可知，即使人们在举行仪式时目的明确，这些仪式也不
会直接影响人们实现自己的目的，两者之间没有直接的因果关系。
7. Why does the author mention the fire walking ritual？（ ）
A. To explore the meaning of the ritual.
B. To prove some rituals are dangerous.
C. To invite people to learn more about the ritual.
D. To show rituals influence those attending them.
解析： 推理判断题。第四段第一句是本段的主题句，说明仪式
对参加者有一定影响，下文举例证明这一点。measurable意为“显
著的”。
8. In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text？（ ）
A. Education. B. Science.
C. Culture. D. Travel.
解析： 文章出处题。本文主要介绍了仪式的普遍性和重要性，
分析了在仪式上人们的行为与目的之间的关系，以及仪式对人们生
活的影响，因此属于文化范畴。
C
Winter in the Shetland Islands can be a hard dark time： 75 per cent
of the islands’ annual rainfall comes down in the winter months and
temperatures are very low.On the last Tuesday in January， however，
towns throughout Shetland are completely changed， burning bright with
torches （火把） as hundreds of locals take to the streets to celebrate Up
Helly Aa， the largest fire festival in Europe.Partly in honor of the
islanders’ Viking tradition， Up Helly Aa was first celebrated in the
1880s.
Before then， a different kind of celebration took place： the poor
locals would walk to the streets to mark the end of the Yule season by
burning tar barrels （焦油桶）.The practice of burning tar barrels was
accepted most openly by Shetland’s lower class， whose fires in the
islands’ narrow streets sometimes led to conflicts （冲突）.The wealthy
on the islands canceled the burning of tar barrels in the 1870s.
To create another， more commonly acceptable celebration， a group
of men in the Shetland Islands’ capital city of Lerwick decided to restart
the festival， featuring a parade of burning torches.They also introduced
the idea of including Viking imagery， in honor of local history.The first
torch celebration on Up Helly Aa took place in 1881.By the late 1880s，
the parade included the burning of a Viking longship.Some years later， a
bill of rules was written to govern the year’s activities.At 6 am on the
day of Up Helly Aa， the bill was publicly read aloud and shown in the
center of the town.
Though the festival attracts visitors from all over the world， the
parade itself is an extremely local event.Participants must have been a
resident （居民） of Shetland for five years before they can be part of the
parade.The festival starts from the 6 am bill reading to the night-time
torch-lit march that ends in setting a Viking longship on fire in the dark
winter night.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于苏格兰东部的设得
兰群岛的圣火节的历史及庆祝方式。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于苏格兰东部的设得
兰群岛的圣火节的历史及庆祝方式。
9. What do we know about Up Helly Aa？（ ）
A. It has a history of over 140 years.
B. It is widely celebrated in Europe.
C. It takes place on Tuesdays in January.
D. It is aimed at honoring a great islander.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第三段中的The
first torch celebration ... in 1881.可知，圣火节于19世纪80年代首
次举办，它已有140多年的历史了。
10. What did the wealthy in Shetland do in the 1870s？（ ）
A. They organized a new fire festival.
B. They improved streets for celebrations.
C. They stopped the fire festival for some time.
D. They fought against the poor because of house fires.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The practice of burning tar
barrels was accepted ... canceled the burning of tar barrels in the
1870s.可知，庆祝圣火节时底层岛民燃烧焦油桶，由于岛上街道
狭窄，极易引发冲突。随后，岛上的上层居民决心停止燃烧焦油
桶的做法，圣火节一度中止。
11. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A. The spread of Up Helly Aa across the world.
B. Support from Lerwick to restart Up Helly Aa.
C. The meaning of Up Helly Aa in different ages.
D. Activities added to Up Helly Aa through the years.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第三段中的a group of men in the
Shetland Islands’ capital city of Lerwick decided to restart
the festival和They also introduced the idea of including Viking
imagery ... and shown in the center of the town.可知，该段
按时间顺序介绍了被一度中止的圣火节再次举行后逐年增加的
一些活动。
12. What does today’s Up Helly Aa set a limit on？（ ）
A. The age of participants.
B. The number of participants.
C. The years participants have lived in Shetland.
D. The size of participants’ families in Shetland.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，现代的圣火
节虽然吸引了来自世界各地的游客，但游行本身是一个非常地方
性的活动，参与者必须在设得兰岛居住满五年才能参加游行。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Celebrating the Harvest Around the World
A harvest festival is a celebration of the fall months and the harvest
that often accompanies these months.13.（ ）
In Canada， people celebrate their harvest on Thanksgiving.14.
（ ） English explorer Martin Frobisher came upon the land，
searching for the “New World”.As he arrived in Canada in 1578， he
celebrated surviving the long journey by holding a formal celebration and
eating salt beef and peas.Today， it has become a recognized holiday in
the country that falls on the second Monday in October.15.（ ） One
of the highlights of the holiday is a big Thanksgiving Day meal with
family， which usually includes turkey and bread， which are prepared
and presented in a unique Canadian way.
Canada
The United Kingdom
Harvest festival activities are considered a special time for
communities to come together in celebration.The harvest festival may start
with carrying baskets of fruit and vegetables to a local church where
people sing praise songs for a healthy harvest while praying for future
harvests.16.（ ） Large dinners may also be hosted where each
member brings a special dish to share with each other.
China
In 2018， the Farmers’ Harvest Festival was launched in
China.It’s held on the day of the autumn equinox （秋分）， which
falls on 23 September.17.（ ） In Jiaxing， Zhejiang Province，
farmers brought 100 seed varieties to the main site of the ceremony in
Nanhu District and placed them in a wall to mark the achievements of the
seed industry.In Heilongjiang Province， the festival was combined with
local traditions of the Daur （达斡尔族） people and the locals danced
around bonfires.
A. This tradition is said to date back to the 16th century.
B. Every year， a range of events are organized nationwide.
C. These celebrations typically involve dancing and singing.
D. The foods often found at this festival are turkey and bread.
E. Many countries celebrate harvest festivals in different forms.
F. A special effort may be made to give food to the less fortunate.
G. On Thanksgiving， most people return home to gather with their
family.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大、英国和中国与
丰收相关的节日。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大、英国和中国与
丰收相关的节日。
13. E 根据文章标题以及第一句可知，文章与丰收的节日有关。根
据下文各个小标题可知，文章介绍了三个国家庆祝丰收节的不同方
式。E项（许多国家以不同的方式庆祝丰收节）概括文章主题，引出
下文的介绍。
14. A 根据空前一句可知，此处介绍加拿大人是在感恩节这天庆祝
丰收。A项中的This tradition指代空前一句中的people celebrate their
harvest on Thanksgiving，空后一句则解释了这个传统的渊源，呼应了
A项（据说这一传统可以追溯到16世纪）。
15. G 根据上文可知，在感恩节庆祝丰收已经成为全国性的活
动；根据空后一句可知，感恩节的习俗包括与家人一起吃一顿感
恩节大餐。G项（在感恩节，大多数人回家与家人团聚）引出下
文，符合语境。
16. F 根据空前一句可知，在丰收节，人们将很多食物带到教
堂；空后一句介绍人们也可能举办晚宴来分享食物。F项（人们可
能会作出特别的努力，为那些不幸的人提供食物）与分享食物有
关，符合语境。
17. B 空后内容对中国各地庆祝中国农民丰收节的活动进行了举例
说明，B项（每年，一系列活动会在全国范围内举办）引出下文，符
合语境。
谢谢观看！
