Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1.This produced a （连锁） reaction， which made it possible for life to develop.
2.On the day of freshmen registration， many volunteers offered to help the freshmen move their （行李）.
3.You could （远足） through the Fish River Canyon — it’s entirely up to you.
4.Satellites make TV accessible to people who live in the countryside and （偏远的） areas.
5.It is incredible that he （参与） in those things that I saw as useless.
6.When the delayed （航班） will take off depends much on the weather.
7.He finally went a the ship and found his cabin.
8.The second rule to remember is that it is still important to have some local money in c .
9.Wandering along the riverside， I was deeply impressed by its beautiful l and gentle lifestyle.
10.By simply planning a r before a journey， you can explore and stop whenever and wherever you like.
维度二：语法与写作
用非谓语动词改写句子。
1.Now they have no idea how to deal with the problem that is puzzling.
→Now they have no idea how to deal with .
2.The host says，“Can those that sit at the back of the classroom hear me？”
→The host says，“Can those hear me？”
3.The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
→The boy is my younger brother.
4.His first book that will be published next month is based on a true story.
→His first book next month is based on a true story.
5.There were millions of people that were watching the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games live on TV.
→There were millions of people of the Olympic Games live on TV.
6.Did you see the homeless man who was sleeping under the bridge？
→Did you see the homeless man ？
7.The woman who is looking at her map is a relative of my mother.
→The woman is a relative of my mother.
8.The topic which is being discussed is about environmental problem.
→The topic is about environmental problem.
维度三：语法与语篇
根据汉语提示补全短文。
An old woman 1. （带着一个手提包的） was walking along the street when a car 2. （从相反方向来的） hit her.People 3. （路过的） all came to help the old lady，but the car 4. （撞倒她的） ran away quickly.Fortunately，people 5. （提供帮助的） called the police and the driver was caught at last.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I started to worry when the golf car taking me， Steve， and our suitcases stopped in the middle of the Maine forest. A yurt （蒙古包） is a tent tall enough to stand in and wide enough to fit a big family. But I didn’t see it anywhere.
“You hike from here，” said the driver， pointing down a weedy （杂草丛生的） path. The woods were darkening， and Steve encouraged me to pick up the pace. My summer sandals （凉鞋） slipped on the wet leaves. Steve and I spent a good hour until we spotted the light of the yurt.
Steve skillfully lit a fire. We ate some sandwiches， had a few beers， and settled in for a good night’s sleep.But I couldn’t relax. I shook Steve awake. “The door to the yurt doesn’t lock，” I said. “What if a bear wanders into the camp？”
“Don’t worry. Moose （驼鹿） are a bigger problem here than bears，” he said.
“Well， what if someone decides to rob us？ Or what if one of the locals wants to teach us a lesson？” “OK，” Steve said with a heavy sigh. He forcefully placed a chair under the door handle. “There， additional protection，” he smiled. “And even if someone gets through the door， you’ll have time to grab that book and use it as a weapon.” I laughed. Sleep moved in. We could enjoy our weekend.
When we “checked out” three mornings later， I was the first one up. That’s when I realized that the door opened ... out. The chair had been serving no purpose other than to keep me quiet.
“So，” I said， as we walked heavily back to meet the golf car. “How else have you been ‘handling’ me this weekend？”
He smiled， “Well. I decided not to tell Von about the snake that lived in the firewood.”
1.What can be learned from the first two paragraphs？（ ）
A.The author was quite looking forward to the trip.
B.It was convenient to get to the yurt.
C.The author felt nervous and anxious about the trip.
D.The golf car sent them directly to the yurt.
2.What might be the real reason for Steve to put a chair under the door handle？（ ）
A.To make it safer to sleep inside. B.To stop the author from worrying.
C.To protect them from locals. D.To have fun.
3.What can we infer about Steve？（ ）
A.He was worried about moose and bears.
B.He might have some experience in sleeping in a yurt.
C.He put the snake in the firewood.
D.He had learned a lesson from the locals.
4.What’s the best title of the passage？（ ）
A.A Meaningful Trip to Yurt
B.The Importance of Getting Close to Nature
C.More to Know about Yurt
D.The Time I Survived a Yurt
B
My granddad often helped me make a tool to catch fish when I was young and we would spend hours along a river.It was lovely for both of us then.Many more of today’s grandparents have a growing sense of adventure.And a trend （趋势） is catching on： skip-gen travel — grandparents take fun-filled vacations with grandkids without parents.
A survey found that 83% of grandparents put travel with their grandkids as the number one thing when they retire.Skip-gen travel gets popular with good reason.Kids have their lives enriched and learn outside classrooms.This is also a time of talking and sharing ideas.
“How grandparents talk to children is different from how parents talk to children.Actually， I feel on a more equal footing with my grandchildren than I do with my own children，” Annie Collins， a travel architect and also part of the trend， says.“Kids away from their parents are more open to ideas and willing to express themselves.Not just kids gain from travelling.Who gets the most out of this？You might think it’s them but it’s us.”According to a study by Cleveland Clinic， grandparents who help watch and spend time with grandkids may actually live longer than their peers （同龄人）.
It’s also important to recognize that grandparents often have more time to travel.Unlike their children， who may still be in pursuit （追求） of a personal career that offers limited time off， grandparents are often retired and likely have a different viewpoint on life， prioritizing experiences and their family.So knowing the kids are in good hands， moms and dads will have a bit of time of themselves — some much-needed free time to rest and recharge their batteries.
However， skip-gen travel is not for every grandparent.After all， grandparents are worn out with years and not so energetic.They surely treasure the chance to form close ties with their grandchildren， but it’s wiser to say no when only the youth could enjoy themselves， for the travel should be a win for everyone involved.
5.Why does the author mention the fishing experience with his granddad？（ ）
A.To introduce the trend of skip-gen travel.
B.To share the pleasure in going fishing.
C.To stress the importance of family ties.
D.To show the growing interest in adventure.
6.Which of the following may Annie Collins agree？（ ）
A.Many parents are too strict with children.
B.Grandparents benefit more from skip-gen travel.
C.Spending time with grandparents is better for kids.
D.Children being away from parents become braver.
7.What can we know about the parents with their kids on skip-gen travel？（ ）
A.They enjoy the moment to relax.
B.They feel less anxious and stressed.
C.They miss their kids very much.
D.They look forward to their own trip.
8.What does the author suggest grandparents do？（ ）
A.Reduce skip-gen travel properly.
B.Get kids involved in travel planning.
C.Make decisions in both sides’ interests.
D.Improve the relationship with grandchildren.
C
Travelling plays an important part in making us feel relaxed and happy. It also brings good changes in our lives and keeps us alive and active. Travelling gives us practical experience of things we have studied in the books. So a person who does not travel at all does not find any meaning in the name of Ganga River. However， if he has travelled to this place， he can truly relate everything he has studied and will always remember each and every detail of that place.
Nowadays， many people like travelling as they want to explore the world and watch everything they have read about. And this seems to be quite true as practical knowledge is more important and effective. People like to visit historical places present in different parts of the world and collect information on the same to write books and stories.
Travelling has become easier due to advancement in technology and transportation. Earlier people used to travel by road or sea and it took many days to travel from one place to another. However， now the situation has changed and people travel to far-off places within hours and minutes — thanks to well-built roads and airplanes.
People travel for different purposes， some travel for further education while others travel to relax and enjoy. Many people take a break from their busy schedule and go for a vacation， which makes them feel pleased and energetic.
Many writers and painters travel to different places to experience some of the best things of nature and express them in the form of paintings or books. People also travel for business purposes so as to make money from their business. Students travel for educational purposes. Everyone has a unique reason to travel. Therefore， travelling is an important part of human life and it provides knowledge and offers all kinds of benefits to mankind.
9.What does the author want to say by mentioning the Ganga River？（ ）
A.The Ganga River is a good place to visit.
B.Travelling brings good changes in our lives.
C.Visitors fail to find the meaning of the Ganga River.
D.People should travel to experience the things in the books.
10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A.The traffic in earlier times.
B.The time spent on travelling.
C.Changes in means of transportation.
D.The reasons why travelling has become easier.
11.What can we know from the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A.Different people have different reasons to travel.
B.Businessmen always travel for a vacation.
C.Writers travel to sell their books.
D.Painters love travelling the most.
12.What does the author think of travelling？（ ）
A.Useful but expensive.
B.Important but difficult.
C.Meaningful and necessary.
D.Pleasant and safe.
Ⅱ.完形填空
For my high school graduation present， my family decided to fly to Ecuador （厄瓜多尔）.On the 13 abroad， my mom shared the idea of Packing for a Purpose， a non-profit organization that helps travellers to support local schools and other community projects.I 14 to try it.I’m now a month away from 15 High School， so I understand the importance of 16 .I decided to donate to the project supported by Ecuador Freedom Bike Rental Company， which has helped very generously （慷慨地） with delivering 17 to schools in the remote villages of Ecuador.
The donation process was a new 18 for me， so I talked to my parents about my 19 .
The thought I came up with was to 20 a GoFundMe page to raise money so that I could 21 all of the supplies I needed.
It was a very 22 process， and you can share it just by email.Once the 23 gets out， everyone is willing to help.When I 24 the money I needed， I started shopping and got some great deals.Then， I 25 all of these supplies in an old suitcase， so I could leave it at Ecuador Freedom Bike Rental.It went very smoothly.
It was such a rewarding （值得的） experience.I would certainly 26 Pack for a Purpose because it is so easy to receive donations， go out and get supplies.It also has such a great 27 on people in need.
13.（ ）A.home B.trip
C.train D.ship
14.（ ）A.refused B.pretended
C.frightened D.decided
15.（ ）A.graduating B.attending
C.accepting D.building
16.（ ）A.examination B.technology
C.education D.travelling
17.（ ）A.supplies B.lectures
C.medals D.rescues
18.（ ）A.schedule B.suggestion
C.experience D.course
19.（ ）A.idea B.topic
C.hope D.dream
20.（ ）A.refer to B.set up
C.work out D.put on
21.（ ）A.apply B.attract
C.send D.afford
22.（ ）A.easy B.hard
C.major D.formal
23.（ ）A.sound B.laughter
C.message D.light
24.（ ）A.wasted B.received
C.donated D.spent
25.（ ）A.sold B.downloaded
C.explored D.packed
26.（ ）A.recommend B.exchange
C.improve D.recognize
27.（ ）A.trap B.effect
C.opinion D.track
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.chain 2.luggage 3.hike 4.remote 5.engaged
6.flight 7.aboard 8.cash 9.landscape 10.route
维度二
1.the puzzling problem
2.sitting at the back of the classroom
3.playing football on the playground
4. to be published
5.watching the opening ceremony
6.sleeping under the bridge
7.looking at her map
8.being discussed
维度三
1.carrying a bag 2.coming from the opposite direction
3.passing by 4.knocking her down 5.offering help
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者在蒙古包住宿的经历，展现了作者对旅行的期待、对未知环境的担忧，以及最终解决问题的过程。
1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者对这次旅行感到紧张和焦虑。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中史蒂夫笑着说的话可知，史蒂夫把椅子放在门把手下面的真正原因是让作者不再担心。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，史蒂夫能熟练地生火，并且知道驼鹿比熊更成问题。由此推知，他可能有在蒙古包里睡觉的经验。
4.D 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者在蒙古包住宿时遇到的各种问题，如担心熊进入蒙古包、担心有人抢劫等，但最终安全度过了这次住宿经历。 由此推知，D项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了隔代旅游对祖父母、父母以及孩子的影响。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的My granddad often helped me ...And a trend （趋势） is catching on： skip-gen travel可知，作者提到自己小时候与爷爷一起抓鱼的经历是为了引出现在流行起来的一个趋势——隔代旅游。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Actually， I feel on a more equal footing with my grandchildren than I do with my own children以及Not just kids gain from travelling ...but it’s us.可以推断出，身为隔代旅游的实践者，Annie Collins认为祖父母从隔代旅游中受益更多。
7.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的So knowing the kids ...recharge their batteries.可知，当孩子与祖父母外出旅游时，父母也能拥有自己的自由时间，用来放松和恢复精力。
8.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They surely treasure the chance ...for the travel should be a win for everyone involved.可知，作者认为隔代旅游应该是一件双赢的事，只有对祖父母和孩子都有利时才应进行。由此可知，作者建议祖父母做有利于双方利益的决定。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行的意义以及人们旅行的目的。
9.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Travelling gives us practical ... the name of Ganga River.可知，旅行使我们对书本上所学的东西有了实际的体验，一个完全不旅行的人不会了解恒河这个名字的意义。由此可知，作者提到恒河是为了强调旅行的意义，人们应该旅行去体验书中的东西。
10.D 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了旅行变得更简单方便的原因是技术和交通的进步让花费在路上的时间变短了。
11.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的People travel for different purposes以及最后一段中的Everyone has a unique reason to travel.可知，不同的人有不同的原因去旅行。
12.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为旅行是非常有意义并且很有必要的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的高中毕业礼物是去厄瓜多尔旅行，途中做好事给厄瓜多尔的学校和其他社区项目捐物资的故事。
13.B 根据上文For my high school graduation present， my family decided to fly to Ecuador （厄瓜多尔）.可知，此处意为“在国外（厄瓜多尔）旅行中”。
14.D 根据下文I decided to donate to the project supported by Ecuador Freedom Bike Rental Company可知，作者决定试一试慈善项目。
15.A 根据上文For my high school graduation present可知，作者离高中毕业还有一个月。
16.C 作者即将高中毕业，旅行时决定向偏远村庄的学校捐赠物资，是因为作者明白教育的重要性。
17.A 呼应下文多次出现的supplies，此处指捐赠的物资。
18.C 根据下文It was such a rewarding （值得的） experience.可知，作者认为捐赠过程是一次全新的经历，很有益。
19.A 根据下文The thought I came up with可知，作者和父母谈论了自己的想法。
20.B 根据下文a GoFundMe page to raise money可知，此处指建立GoFundMe筹款网页。
21.D 根据上文a GoFundMe page to raise money和下文all of the supplies I needed可知，作者建立GoFundMe筹款网页的目的是有足够的钱去负担自己捐赠所需要的所有物资。
22.A 根据下文and you can share it just by email可知，GoFundMe筹款网页通过发送邮件分享就能筹钱，过程很简单。
23.C 呼应上文的and you can share it just by email，此处意为“一旦消息传出，每个人都愿意帮助”。
24.B 根据下文I started shopping and got some great deals可知，作者开始购物买东西，说明作者通过筹款收到了所需的钱。
25.D 根据下文all of these supplies in an old suitcase可知，作者把所有物资装箱，以便捐赠出去。
26.A 根据上文It was such a rewarding （值得的） experience.和下文because it is so easy to receive donations， go out and get supplies可知，作者认为此次捐赠经历很有益，Pack for a Purpose很有优点，所以作者会向其他人推荐Pack for a Purpose。
27.B 此处指捐赠对有需要的人也有很大的影响。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
动词-ing形式作定语
①In less than 18 months， there were over 200，000 people reading my blog！
②It was a challenging job， but I did it.
③Now I spend three weeks out of every month travelling and have over 464，000 fans following me online.
④...I love the bright light and amazing colours：red rocks， green plants， blue-green waters and blue skies.
⑤I love to photograph the rising sun， so I force myself into the natural world by waking early each day.
⑥Over time， this could make her a danger to people living in the area.
【我的发现】
1.以上句子中，句②④和⑤中为单个的动词-ing形式放在被修饰词的前面作定语，被称为 ；句①③和⑥中为动词-ing形式放在被修饰词的后面作定语，被称为 。
2.动词-ing短语作后置定语时，其作用相当于一个 。
一、动词-ing形式作定语的用法
1.位置：如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词-ing短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。
He is an attacking player.
他是一个攻击型的运动员。
A little child learning to walk often falls.
学走路的小孩常常跌倒。
2.形式：动词-ing形式作定语只有doing和being done两种形式，一般不用having done的形式。
3.意义：
（1）说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
They set up an operating table in a small temple.
他们在一座小庙里架起了手术台。
He may be in the reading room.
他可能在阅览室里。
Ladies and gentlemen， please go and wait in the meeting room.
女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。
（2）与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
There were about 200 children studying in the art school.
有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher？
正在和我们的英语老师谈话的那位女士是谁？
（3）有些动词-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有exciting， amusing， amazing， astonishing， shocking， puzzling， confusing， disappointing， discouraging， pleasing， striking， boring， tiring， touching， moving， interesting， satisfying， terrifying， frightening等。
That must have been a terrifying experience.
那一定是一段可怕的经历。
The experiment was an amazing success.
那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
（4）如果动词-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done。being done通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。
The tall building being built now is our new school.
目前建设中的高楼是我们的新学校。
The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.
正在讨论中的问题是由校长提出的。
4.扩展成句：动词-ing形式作后置定语时，可扩展成定语从句。
A young man writing novels comes to speak to us every Monday.
→A young man who writes novels comes to speak to us every Monday.
一个写小说的年轻人每周一来给我们作演讲。
The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
①Ways must be found to deal with the constant noise （cause） serious health problems.
②According to the expert， the temple has a history （date） back to the early Tang Dynasty.
③A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those （want） a good night’s sleep.
二、动词-ing形式（短语）作定语与动词不定式（短语）作定语的区别
语法 形式 语态及时间意义
动词-ing形式（短语）作定语 doing 表示主动且动作正在进行或现在（当时）的状态
being done 表示被动且动作正在进行
动词不定式（短语）作定语 to do 表示主动且动作将要发生
to be done 表示被动且动作将要发生
They lived in a room facing the sea.
他们住在一个面朝大海的房间里。
The meeting being held now is of great importance.
正在举行的这个会议非常重要。
The man to help us is John.
将要来帮助我们的人是约翰。
The medical team to be sent to the flood-stricken areas will set off tomorrow.
要派往洪灾地区的医疗队明天就将启程。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①There are still lots of problems （deal） with.
②I can’t go with you， for I have a lot of work （do）.
③The building （build） now is our future classroom.
④We met a group of students （return） from school.
aboard prep.在（船、飞机、火车）上
【教材原句】 People who travel aboard the Bernina Express have the chance to see incredible views.乘坐贝尔尼纳快车的人有机会看到令人难以置信的景色。
【用法】
（1）go aboard 上（船、飞机、火车等）
（2）board n. 木板
v. 上（船、车、飞机等）
on board 在（船、车、飞机等）上
（3）abroad adv. 在国外；到国外
【佳句】 Anyone trying to take knives to go on board would be caught by the police.
任何试图携带刀具上飞机的人都会被警察抓住。
【练透】 选词填空（aboard/abroad）
①My son wrote to tell me that he was absorbed in his further study .
②The ship is ready to leave in five minutes. All ！
【写美】 补全句子
③They set off early so that they could in time.
他们早早出发，以便能及时登上飞机。
budget n.预算v.把……编入预算；为……做预算
【教材原句】 I’ve also booked accommodation based on the budget we made.
我还根据我们制订的预算预订了住处。
【用法】
（1）within/over budget 在预算内/超出预算
on a tight budget 预算紧张
on a budget 钱不多的，控制预算的
（2）budget one’s incomes 做储蓄计划
budget one’s time 安排某人的时间
budget for 把……纳入预算
【佳句】 Travellers on a budget might prefer to camp.钱不多的旅游者可能更喜欢野营。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Honestly speaking， we’ve budgeted a new car next year.
②The new program helps you cook a tight budget and schedule.
【写美】 补全句子
③I often tell people that my projects are always on time and .
我经常告诉人们我的项目总能准时并且不超预算。
credit n.赊购，信贷；学分；为……赢得荣誉的人（或事物）；赞扬，称赞
【教材原句】 I don’t have a credit card.我没有信用卡。
【用法】
on credit 赊购，贷款
be a credit to sb/sth 为某人/某事物增光
give sb credit for ... 为……而称赞某人
do sb credit 使某人值得赞扬
to sb’s credit 值得赞扬的是
【佳句】 You won first prize in the competition， and you are a credit to the school.
你在这次比赛中获得了第一名，为学校赢得了荣誉。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①You can try to ask the dealer for a discount whether you pay in cash or buy credit.
②We should give him credit his honesty， as he always tells the truth.
【写美】 补全句子
③It is that you gave back the money you found； your honesty .
你拾金不昧，值得赞扬；你很诚实，应该受表扬。
engage v.参与，参加；雇用，聘请；吸引住（注意力、兴趣）
【教材原句】 Adventure tourism： travellers explore unusual or remote destinations， often engaging in risky activities.探险旅游：旅游者探索不同寻常或偏远的目的地，经常参与有危险的活动。
【用法】
（1）engage in 参加；从事；忙于
（2）engaged adj. 忙碌的；已订婚的
be engaged in ... 忙于……
be engaged to sb 与某人订婚
（3）engagement n. 订婚；约定；约会
【佳句】 According to a recent report， 50% of Chinese adults engage in regular exercise.
根据最近的一项报告，50%的中国成年人定期锻炼。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Though she was engaged the man， she didn’t want to marry at once.
②I can’t see you on Monday because I have an （engage） that day.
【写美】 补全句子
③Locked in her own room， she .
锁在自己的房间里，她现在正忙于做作业。
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.前置定语 后置定语
2.定语从句
即时演练1
①causing ②dating ③wanting
即时演练2
①to be dealt ②to do ③being built ④returning
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①abroad ②aboard ③go aboard the flight
2.①for ②on ③within budget
3.①on ②for ③to your credit； does you credit
4.①to ②engagement
③is now engaged in doing her homework
5 / 5(共76张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
动词-ing形式作定语
①In less than 18 months， there were over 200，000 people reading
my blog！
②It was a challenging job， but I did it.
③Now I spend three weeks out of every month travelling and have over
464，000 fans following me online.
④...I love the bright light and amazing colours：red rocks， green
plants， blue-green waters and blue skies.
⑤I love to photograph the rising sun， so I force myself into the natural
world by waking early each day.
⑥Over time， this could make her a danger to people living in the area.
【我的发现】
1. 以上句子中，句②④和⑤中为单个的动词-ing形式放在被修饰词的
前面作定语，被称为 ；句①③和⑥中为动词-ing形式
放在被修饰词的后面作定语，被称为 。
2. 动词-ing短语作后置定语时，其作用相当于一个 。
前置定语
后置定语
定语从句
一、动词-ing形式作定语的用法
1. 位置：如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前
作前置定语；如果是动词-ing短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后
作后置定语。
He is an attacking player.
他是一个攻击型的运动员。
A little child learning to walk often falls.
学走路的小孩常常跌倒。
2. 形式：动词-ing形式作定语只有doing和being done两种形式，一般
不用having done的形式。
3. 意义：
（1）说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
They set up an operating table in a small temple.
他们在一座小庙里架起了手术台。
He may be in the reading room.
他可能在阅览室里。
Ladies and gentlemen， please go and wait in the meeting room.
女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。
（2）与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
There were about 200 children studying in the art school.
有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher？
正在和我们的英语老师谈话的那位女士是谁？
（3）有些动词-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰
物，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有exciting，
amusing， amazing， astonishing， shocking， puzzling，
confusing， disappointing， discouraging， pleasing，
striking， boring， tiring， touching， moving， interesting，
satisfying， terrifying， frightening等。
That must have been a terrifying experience.
那一定是一段可怕的经历。
The experiment was an amazing success.
那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
（4）如果动词-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动
式，即being done。being done通常表示正在被做，常作后置
定语。
The tall building being built now is our new school.
目前建设中的高楼是我们的新学校。
The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.
正在讨论中的问题是由校长提出的。
4. 扩展成句：动词-ing形式作后置定语时，可扩展成定语从句。
A young man writing novels comes to speak to us every Monday.
→A young man who writes novels comes to speak to us every
Monday.
一个写小说的年轻人每周一来给我们作演讲。
The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
①Ways must be found to deal with the constant noise
（cause） serious health problems.
②According to the expert， the temple has a history （date）
back to the early Tang Dynasty.
③A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for
those （want） a good night’s sleep.
causing
dating
wanting
二、动词-ing形式（短语）作定语与动词不定式（短语）作定语
的区别
语法 形式 语态及时间意义
动词-ing形式（短
语）作定语 doing 表示主动且动作正在进行或现
在（当时）的状态
being done 表示被动且动作正在进行
动词不定式（短
语）作定语 to do 表示主动且动作将要发生
to be done 表示被动且动作将要发生
They lived in a room facing the sea.
他们住在一个面朝大海的房间里。
The meeting being held now is of great importance.
正在举行的这个会议非常重要。
The man to help us is John.
将要来帮助我们的人是约翰。
The medical team to be sent to the flood-stricken areas will set off
tomorrow.
要派往洪灾地区的医疗队明天就将启程。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①There are still lots of problems （deal） with.
②I can’t go with you， for I have a lot of work （do）.
③The building （build） now is our future classroom.
④We met a group of students （return） from school.
to be dealt
to do
being built
returning
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
aboard prep.在（船、飞机、火车）上
【教材原句】 People who travel aboard the Bernina Express have the
chance to see incredible views.
乘坐贝尔尼纳快车的人有机会看到令人难以置信的景色。
【用法】
（1）go aboard 上（船、飞机、火车等）
（2）board n. 木板
v. 上（船、车、飞机等）
on board 在（船、车、飞机等）上
（3）abroad adv. 在国外；到国外
【佳句】 Anyone trying to take knives to go on board would be caught
by the police.
任何试图携带刀具上飞机的人都会被警察抓住。
【练透】 选词填空（aboard/abroad）
①My son wrote to tell me that he was absorbed in his further
study .
②The ship is ready to leave in five minutes. All ！
abroad
aboard
【写美】 补全句子
③They set off early so that they could in time.
他们早早出发，以便能及时登上飞机。
go aboard the flight
budget n.预算v.把……编入预算；为……做预算
【教材原句】 I’ve also booked accommodation based on the budget
we made.
我还根据我们制订的预算预订了住处。
【用法】
（1）within/over budget 在预算内/超出预算
on a tight budget 预算紧张
on a budget 钱不多的，控制预算的
（2）budget one’s incomes 做储蓄计划
budget one’s time 安排某人的时间
budget for 把……纳入预算
【佳句】 Travellers on a budget might prefer to camp.钱不多的旅游
者可能更喜欢野营。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Honestly speaking， we’ve budgeted a new car next year.
②The new program helps you cook a tight budget and schedule.
【写美】 补全句子
③I often tell people that my projects are always on time and
.
我经常告诉人们我的项目总能准时并且不超预算。
for
on
within
budget
credit n.赊购，信贷；学分；为……赢得荣誉的人（或事物）；赞
扬，称赞
【教材原句】 I don’t have a credit card.我没有信用卡。
【用法】
on credit 赊购，贷款
be a credit to sb/sth 为某人/某事物增光
give sb credit for ... 为……而称赞某人
do sb credit 使某人值得赞扬
to sb’s credit 值得赞扬的是
【佳句】 You won first prize in the competition， and you are a credit
to the school.
你在这次比赛中获得了第一名，为学校赢得了荣誉。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①You can try to ask the dealer for a discount whether you pay in cash or
buy credit.
②We should give him credit his honesty， as he always tells the
truth.
on
for
【写美】 补全句子
③It is that you gave back the money you found； your
honesty .
你拾金不昧，值得赞扬；你很诚实，应该受表扬。
to your credit
does you credit
engage v.参与，参加；雇用，聘请；吸引住（注意力、兴趣）
【教材原句】 Adventure tourism： travellers explore unusual or remote
destinations， often engaging in risky activities.探险旅游：旅游者探索
不同寻常或偏远的目的地，经常参与有危险的活动。
【用法】
（1）engage in 参加；从事；忙于
（2）engaged adj. 忙碌的；已订婚的
be engaged in ... 忙于……
be engaged to sb 与某人订婚
（3）engagement n. 订婚；约定；约会
【佳句】 According to a recent report， 50% of Chinese adults engage
in regular exercise.
根据最近的一项报告，50%的中国成年人定期锻炼。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Though she was engaged the man， she didn’t want to marry at
once.
②I can’t see you on Monday because I have an
（engage） that day.
to
engagement
【写美】 补全句子
③Locked in her own room， she
.
锁在自己的房间里，她现在正忙于做作业。
is now engaged in doing her
homework
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. This produced a （连锁） reaction， which made it possible
for life to develop.
2. On the day of freshmen registration， many volunteers offered to help
the freshmen move their （行李）.
chain
luggage
3. You could （远足） through the Fish River Canyon — it’s
entirely up to you.
4. Satellites make TV accessible to people who live in the countryside
and （偏远的） areas.
5. It is incredible that he （参与） in those things that I saw
as useless.
6. When the delayed （航班） will take off depends much on
the weather.
7. He finally went a the ship and found his cabin.
hike
remote
engaged
flight
board
8. The second rule to remember is that it is still important to have some
local money in c .
9. Wandering along the riverside， I was deeply impressed by its beautiful
l and gentle lifestyle.
10. By simply planning a r before a journey， you can explore and
stop whenever and wherever you like.
ash
andscape
oute
维度二：语法与写作
用非谓语动词改写句子。
1. Now they have no idea how to deal with the problem that is puzzling.
→Now they have no idea how to deal with .
2. The host says，“Can those that sit at the back of the classroom hear
me？”
→The host says，“Can those
hear me？”
the puzzling problem
sitting at the back of the classroom
3. The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger
brother.
→The boy is my younger
brother.
4. His first book that will be published next month is based on a true
story.
→His first book next month is based on a true
story.
playing football on the playground
to be published
5. There were millions of people that were watching the opening
ceremony of the Olympic Games live on TV.
→There were millions of people of
the Olympic Games live on TV.
6. Did you see the homeless man who was sleeping under the bridge？
→Did you see the homeless man ？
7. The woman who is looking at her map is a relative of my mother.
→The woman is a relative of my mother.
8. The topic which is being discussed is about environmental problem.
→The topic is about environmental problem.
watching the opening ceremony
sleeping under the bridge
looking at her map
being discussed
维度三：语法与语篇
根据汉语提示补全短文。
An old woman 1. （带着一个手提包的） was
walking along the street when a car 2.
（从相反方向来的） hit her.People 3. （路
过的） all came to help the old lady，but the car 4.
（撞倒她的） ran away quickly.Fortunately，people
5. （提供帮助的） called the police and the driver was
caught at last.
carrying a bag
coming from the opposite
direction
passing by
knocking her
down
offering help
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I started to worry when the golf car taking me， Steve， and our
suitcases stopped in the middle of the Maine forest. A yurt （蒙古包） is
a tent tall enough to stand in and wide enough to fit a big family. But I
didn’t see it anywhere.
“You hike from here，” said the driver， pointing down a weedy
（杂草丛生的） path. The woods were darkening， and Steve
encouraged me to pick up the pace. My summer sandals （凉鞋） slipped
on the wet leaves. Steve and I spent a good hour until we spotted the light
of the yurt.
Steve skillfully lit a fire. We ate some sandwiches， had a few
beers， and settled in for a good night’s sleep.But I couldn’t relax. I
shook Steve awake. “The door to the yurt doesn’t lock，” I said.
“What if a bear wanders into the camp？”
“Don’t worry. Moose （驼鹿） are a bigger problem here than
bears，” he said.
“Well， what if someone decides to rob us？ Or what if one of the
locals wants to teach us a lesson？” “OK，” Steve said with a heavy
sigh. He forcefully placed a chair under the door handle. “There，
additional protection，” he smiled. “And even if someone gets through
the door， you’ll have time to grab that book and use it as a weapon.” I
laughed. Sleep moved in. We could enjoy our weekend.
When we “checked out” three mornings later， I was the first one
up. That’s when I realized that the door opened ... out. The chair had
been serving no purpose other than to keep me quiet.
“So，” I said， as we walked heavily back to meet the golf car.
“How else have you been ‘handling’ me this weekend？”
He smiled， “Well. I decided not to tell Von about the snake that
lived in the firewood.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者在蒙古包住宿的
经历，展现了作者对旅行的期待、对未知环境的担忧，以及最终解
决问题的过程。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者在蒙古包住宿的
经历，展现了作者对旅行的期待、对未知环境的担忧，以及最终解
决问题的过程。
1. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs？（ ）
A. The author was quite looking forward to the trip.
B. It was convenient to get to the yurt.
C. The author felt nervous and anxious about the trip.
D. The golf car sent them directly to the yurt.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者对这次旅行
感到紧张和焦虑。
2. What might be the real reason for Steve to put a chair under the door
handle？（ ）
A. To make it safer to sleep inside.
B. To stop the author from worrying.
C. To protect them from locals.
D. To have fun.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中史蒂夫笑着说的话可知，史
蒂夫把椅子放在门把手下面的真正原因是让作者不再担心。
3. What can we infer about Steve？（ ）
A. He was worried about moose and bears.
B. He might have some experience in sleeping in a yurt.
C. He put the snake in the firewood.
D. He had learned a lesson from the locals.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，史蒂夫能熟练
地生火，并且知道驼鹿比熊更成问题。由此推知，他可能有在蒙古
包里睡觉的经验。
4. What’s the best title of the passage？（ ）
A. A Meaningful Trip to Yurt
B. The Importance of Getting Close to Nature
C. More to Know about Yurt
D. The Time I Survived a Yurt
解析： 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者在蒙
古包住宿时遇到的各种问题，如担心熊进入蒙古包、担心有人抢劫
等，但最终安全度过了这次住宿经历。 由此推知，D项为文章最佳
标题。
B
My granddad often helped me make a tool to catch fish when I was
young and we would spend hours along a river.It was lovely for both of us
then.Many more of today’s grandparents have a growing sense of
adventure.And a trend （趋势） is catching on： skip-gen travel —
grandparents take fun-filled vacations with grandkids without parents.
A survey found that 83% of grandparents put travel with their
grandkids as the number one thing when they retire.Skip-gen travel gets
popular with good reason.Kids have their lives enriched and learn outside
classrooms.This is also a time of talking and sharing ideas.
“How grandparents talk to children is different from how parents
talk to children.Actually， I feel on a more equal footing with my
grandchildren than I do with my own children，” Annie Collins， a
travel architect and also part of the trend， says.“Kids away from their
parents are more open to ideas and willing to express themselves.Not just
kids gain from travelling.Who gets the most out of this？You might think
it’s them but it’s us.”According to a study by Cleveland Clinic，
grandparents who help watch and spend time with grandkids may actually
live longer than their peers （同龄人）.
It’s also important to recognize that grandparents often have more
time to travel.Unlike their children， who may still be in pursuit （追
求） of a personal career that offers limited time off， grandparents are
often retired and likely have a different viewpoint on life， prioritizing
experiences and their family.So knowing the kids are in good hands，
moms and dads will have a bit of time of themselves — some much-
needed free time to rest and recharge their batteries.
However， skip-gen travel is not for every grandparent.After all，
grandparents are worn out with years and not so energetic.They surely
treasure the chance to form close ties with their grandchildren， but it’s
wiser to say no when only the youth could enjoy themselves， for the
travel should be a win for everyone involved.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了隔代旅游对祖父母、父
母以及孩子的影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了隔代旅游对祖父母、父
母以及孩子的影响。
5. Why does the author mention the fishing experience with his
granddad？（ ）
A. To introduce the trend of skip-gen travel.
B. To share the pleasure in going fishing.
C. To stress the importance of family ties.
D. To show the growing interest in adventure.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的My granddad often helped
me ...And a trend （趋势） is catching on： skip-gen travel可知，作
者提到自己小时候与爷爷一起抓鱼的经历是为了引出现在流行起来
的一个趋势——隔代旅游。
6. Which of the following may Annie Collins agree？（ ）
A. Many parents are too strict with children.
B. Grandparents benefit more from skip-gen travel.
C. Spending time with grandparents is better for kids.
D. Children being away from parents become braver.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Actually， I feel on a more
equal footing with my grandchildren than I do with my own children以
及Not just kids gain from travelling ...but it’s us.可以推断出，身
为隔代旅游的实践者，Annie Collins认为祖父母从隔代旅游中受益
更多。
7. What can we know about the parents with their kids on skip-gen
travel？（ ）
A. They enjoy the moment to relax.
B. They feel less anxious and stressed.
C. They miss their kids very much.
D. They look forward to their own trip.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的So knowing the
kids ...recharge their batteries.可知，当孩子与祖父母外出旅游
时，父母也能拥有自己的自由时间，用来放松和恢复精力。
8. What does the author suggest grandparents do？（ ）
A. Reduce skip-gen travel properly.
B. Get kids involved in travel planning.
C. Make decisions in both sides’ interests.
D. Improve the relationship with grandchildren.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They surely treasure
the chance ...for the travel should be a win for everyone
involved.可知，作者认为隔代旅游应该是一件双赢的事，只有
对祖父母和孩子都有利时才应进行。由此可知，作者建议祖父
母做有利于双方利益的决定。
C
Travelling plays an important part in making us feel relaxed and
happy. It also brings good changes in our lives and keeps us alive and
active. Travelling gives us practical experience of things we have studied
in the books. So a person who does not travel at all does not find any
meaning in the name of Ganga River. However， if he has travelled to
this place， he can truly relate everything he has studied and will always
remember each and every detail of that place.
Nowadays， many people like travelling as they want to explore the
world and watch everything they have read about. And this seems to be
quite true as practical knowledge is more important and effective. People
like to visit historical places present in different parts of the world and
collect information on the same to write books and stories.
Travelling has become easier due to advancement in technology and
transportation. Earlier people used to travel by road or sea and it took
many days to travel from one place to another. However， now the
situation has changed and people travel to far-off places within hours and
minutes — thanks to well-built roads and airplanes.
People travel for different purposes， some travel for further
education while others travel to relax and enjoy. Many people take a break
from their busy schedule and go for a vacation， which makes them feel
pleased and energetic.
Many writers and painters travel to different places to experience
some of the best things of nature and express them in the form of paintings
or books. People also travel for business purposes so as to make money
from their business. Students travel for educational purposes. Everyone
has a unique reason to travel. Therefore， travelling is an important part
of human life and it provides knowledge and offers all kinds of benefits to
mankind.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行的意义以及人
们旅行的目的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行的意义以及人
们旅行的目的。
9. What does the author want to say by mentioning the Ganga River？
（ ）
A. The Ganga River is a good place to visit.
B. Travelling brings good changes in our lives.
C. Visitors fail to find the meaning of the Ganga River.
D. People should travel to experience the things in the books.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Travelling gives us
practical ... the name of Ganga River.可知，旅行使我们对书本上所
学的东西有了实际的体验，一个完全不旅行的人不会了解恒河这个
名字的意义。由此可知，作者提到恒河是为了强调旅行的意义，人
们应该旅行去体验书中的东西。
10. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A. The traffic in earlier times.
B. The time spent on travelling.
C. Changes in means of transportation.
D. The reasons why travelling has become easier.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了
旅行变得更简单方便的原因是技术和交通的进步让花费在路上的
时间变短了。
11. What can we know from the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A. Different people have different reasons to travel.
B. Businessmen always travel for a vacation.
C. Writers travel to sell their books.
D. Painters love travelling the most.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的People travel for
different purposes以及最后一段中的Everyone has a unique reason to
travel.可知，不同的人有不同的原因去旅行。
12. What does the author think of travelling？（ ）
A. Useful but expensive.
B. Important but difficult.
C. Meaningful and necessary.
D. Pleasant and safe.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为
旅行是非常有意义并且很有必要的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
For my high school graduation present， my family decided to fly to
Ecuador （厄瓜多尔）.On the 13 abroad， my mom shared the idea
of Packing for a Purpose， a non-profit organization that helps travellers to
support local schools and other community projects.I 14 to try
it.I’m now a month away from 15 High School， so I understand
the importance of 16 .I decided to donate to the project supported by
Ecuador Freedom Bike Rental Company， which has helped very
generously （慷慨地） with delivering 17 to schools in the remote
villages of Ecuador.
The donation process was a new 18 for me， so I talked to my
parents about my 19 .The thought I came up with was to 20 a
GoFundMe page to raise money so that I could 21 all of the supplies I
needed.
It was a very 22 process， and you can share it just by
email.Once the 23 gets out， everyone is willing to help.When
I 24 the money I needed， I started shopping and got some great
deals.Then， I 25 all of these supplies in an old suitcase， so I could
leave it at Ecuador Freedom Bike Rental.It went very smoothly.
It was such a rewarding （值得的） experience.I would
certainly 26 Pack for a Purpose because it is so easy to receive
donations， go out and get supplies.It also has such a great 27 on
people in need.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的高中毕业礼物是
去厄瓜多尔旅行，途中做好事给厄瓜多尔的学校和其他社区项目捐
物资的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的高中毕业礼物是
去厄瓜多尔旅行，途中做好事给厄瓜多尔的学校和其他社区项目捐
物资的故事。
13. A. home B. trip C. train D. ship
解析： 根据上文For my high school graduation present， my
family decided to fly to Ecuador （厄瓜多尔）.可知，此处意为
“在国外（厄瓜多尔）旅行中”。
14. A. refused B. pretended
C. frightened D. decided
解析： 根据下文I decided to donate to the project supported by
Ecuador Freedom Bike Rental Company可知，作者决定试一试慈善
项目。
15. A. graduating B. attending
C. accepting D. building
解析： 根据上文For my high school graduation present可知，作
者离高中毕业还有一个月。
16. A. examination B. technology
C. education D. travelling
解析： 作者即将高中毕业，旅行时决定向偏远村庄的学校捐
赠物资，是因为作者明白教育的重要性。
17. A. supplies B. lectures
C. medals D. rescues
解析： 呼应下文多次出现的supplies，此处指捐赠的物资。
18. A. schedule B. suggestion
C. experience D. course
解析： 根据下文It was such a rewarding （值得的） experience.
可知，作者认为捐赠过程是一次全新的经历，很有益。
19. A. idea B. topic C. hope D. dream
解析： 根据下文The thought I came up with可知，作者和父母
谈论了自己的想法。
20. A. refer to B. set up
C. work out D. put on
解析： 根据下文a GoFundMe page to raise money可知，此处指
建立GoFundMe筹款网页。
21. A. apply B. attract C. send D. afford
解析： 根据上文a GoFundMe page to raise money和下文all of
the supplies I needed可知，作者建立GoFundMe筹款网页的目的是
有足够的钱去负担自己捐赠所需要的所有物资。
22. A. easy B. hard C. major D. formal
解析： 根据下文and you can share it just by email可知，
GoFundMe筹款网页通过发送邮件分享就能筹钱，过程很简单。
23. A. sound B. laughter
C. message D. light
解析： 呼应上文的and you can share it just by email，此处意为
“一旦消息传出，每个人都愿意帮助”。
24. A. wasted B. received
C. donated D. spent
解析： 根据下文I started shopping and got some great deals可
知，作者开始购物买东西，说明作者通过筹款收到了所需的钱。
25. A. sold B. downloaded
C. explored D. packed
解析： 根据下文all of these supplies in an old suitcase可知，作
者把所有物资装箱，以便捐赠出去。
26. A. recommend B. exchange
C. improve D. recognize
解析： 根据上文It was such a rewarding （值得的）
experience.和下文because it is so easy to receive donations， go out
and get supplies可知，作者认为此次捐赠经历很有益，Pack for a
Purpose很有优点，所以作者会向其他人推荐Pack for a Purpose。
27. A. trap B. effect C. opinion D. track
解析： 此处指捐赠对有需要的人也有很大的影响。
谢谢观看！
