Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1.They are likely to （降低） the prices in the shop， so it’s a good time to do some shopping.
2.The government has taken some effective measures to prevent （雾霾） in winter.
3. The professor gave a series of （讲座） to first-year students.
4.With my parents’ （允许）， I went to my best friend Robert’s birthday party and didn’t go home until 10：00 pm.
5.Because of the （洪水）， the number of homeless people has increased rapidly.
6.Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of （干旱） and poor harvests.
7.The three teams （采取） three different ways to solve the problem but they got the same result.
8.It is common knowledge that the world is made up of seven continents and four o .
9.The measures are intended to r public confidence in the economy.
10.Environment protection and s development are the main trend at present.
维度二：语法与写作
用“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构补全句子。
1.I looked up and worms in the tree.
我抬头一看，注意到一只鸟正在树上捕捉虫子。
2.To learn English well， we should find opportunities to as much as we can.
为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听别人说英语。
3.No sooner had we arrived at the farm than we .
我们一到农场，就发现树枝上挂着许多橘子。
4.Back from the vacation， the family was very happy to by volunteers.
度假回来后，这家人很高兴看见他们的花园被志愿者照顾得很好。
5.Helen had to raise her voice to in this noisy lecture hall.
海伦不得不在这个喧闹的演讲厅里提高嗓门好让别人听到。
6. ， she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
7.Before driving into the city， you are required to .
开车进城前，你必须把车洗一洗。
维度三：语法与语篇
根据汉语提示补全短文。
We have 1. （发现我们的家乡发生了很大的变化） over the past ten years.The roads 2. （被看见正变得） wider and wider.And we can 3. （注意到高楼建成） one after another.Life in the town has become more convenient and comfortable than before.People can 4. （发现他们的收入增长） continuously.We can 5. （感觉到人们享受着） their happy life.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Finding a California condor in the wild would be the most unusual treat， perhaps even more unusual than finding a wolf in Yellowstone National Park. In fact， the wolf was what opened my eyes to the fact that humans could bring an animal back to the place where it had disappeared.
In 1987， there were only 27 California condors left， none of which were in the wild， only in captive breeding programs. It was those breeding programs that contributed to their population rise， enough that by 1991 some of them could be freed into the wild.
Still， the hope of seeing a California condor， which remains an endangered species， is very low， let alone getting a photo of one. California condor population dropped mostly due to human factors， such as poaching and living areas destruction — these are challenges California condors still face today.
Although this is just a bird’s-eye view of the challenges California condors face and there are many others， it is part of why the opportunity to work with the US Fish and Wildlife Service team and their partners helping their recovery is so special to me as a photographer. I am not only able to photograph the birds in their wild living areas， but also understand and record how difficult the work is of those people on the front lines of the protection.
I am grateful for the work of the team， and my hope is that California condor population will continue to rise， allowing future generations an opportunity I never had when I first got here — to look to the sky and see one flying around.
1.What helped the increase of the California condor population in 1987？（ ）
A.Rules for hunters.
B.Captive breeding programs.
C.The improved natural environment.
D.The enlargement of wild living areas.
2.What does the author say about taking photos of a California condor in the wild？（ ）
A.It is difficult. B.It is easy.
C.It is boring. D.It is dangerous.
3.What did the author do when working with the US Fish and Wildlife Service team？（ ）
A.He guided ways for them.
B.He made records by photos.
C.He helped the birds to recover.
D.He rebuilt the birds’ living areas.
4.What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A.New Way， New Hope
B.Wolves and California Condors
C.A Photo of a California Condor
D.The California Condor’s Coming Back
B
It’s been given the title “Asia’s water tower”： Sanjiangyuan， meaning “the source of three rivers”， is an area in Qinghai.It is the source of the Yellow River， Yangtze River and Lancang River.
The three rivers provide water for as many as 600 million people， or almost half the population of China.And yet， because of its weak ecosystem and human activities， the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse， putting the country’s water source at risk.
This is why China built its very first national park， the Sanjiangyuan National Park， to protect the sources in 2020.The park will also increase the area’s green coverage and become the home of many wildlife species.
Long before the decision to build the park was made， however， volunteers across the country had already started their own effort to protect Sanjiangyuan.
Take Ren Shihai for example， a 38-year-old volunteer from Beijing.Ren is a member of the Shan Shui Conservation Center， focusing on environmental protection in the Sanjiangyuan area.He joined a team of volunteers who taught at the No.2 Middle School in Zaduo county， in Qinghai’s Yushu.He said he got a feeling of happiness when students were very excited when he spoke about the rivers and mountains in Sanjiangyuan and why it was important to protect them.
Zhaxi Bading， a 13-year-old Tibetan student， said he learned something new in Ren’s class.“I know the rivers that run through my hometown but I didn’t know their effects on the environment of the lower reaches，” he said.“I’m proud that my hometown is beautiful， and I want to protect it.”
Now under the protection of our country， hopefully “Asia’s water tower” will still have that name for years to come.
5.What problem is Sanjiangyuan facing now？（ ）
A.Less wildlife.
B.Worsening environment.
C.More visits.
D.Not enough water.
6.Why did China build the Sanjiangyuan National Park in 2020？（ ）
A.To protect the water sources.
B.To study the wildlife in the area.
C.To enlarge the area of green coverage.
D.To increase the number of wildlife species.
7.How did Ren Shihai protect Sanjiangyuan？（ ）
A.By advising the government to build a national park.
B.By keeping the rivers and mountains in the area natural.
C.By collecting enough money to feed its wild animals.
D.By raising local children’s awareness of protecting it.
8.What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of Sanjiangyuan？（ ）
A.Unconcerned. B.Doubtful.
C.Positive. D.Worried.
C
Cell phones， tablets， laptops， smart-watches： the modern world is packed with a lot of devices that bring us connectivity， entertainment and information. Our hunger for the latest models leads to the “throwaway” culture， which means consumers often throw away old devices as soon as new ones come to the market， a habit that can have a significant effect on waste streams and the environment.
With concerns about e-waste growing， some companies are now turning to chemistry to develop solutions to recycle items like old cell phones， extracting value at the same time. One such example is the work being carried out by Mint Innovation， a clean tech firm based in Auckland， New Zealand. “We’ve developed a biological process for recovering valuable metals from electronic waste，” said Ollie Crush， the company’s chief scientific officer.
Crush explained that Mint Innovation’s system included grinding （磨碎） waste up into a powder. “The reason why we must do this is that we need to make sure that we’re exposing all the metal contained within to a chemical filtering （过滤） process，” he added.
When it comes to recovering a valuable material like gold， the technique used by Mint Innovation has a number of steps. According to a video， chemicals dissolve （溶解） the powdered waste into a solution， with any materials that haven’t dissolved filtered out. Microbes are then added to the mix. Gold atoms catch on to them in a process called “selective biosorption”. Next， the microbes coated gold are filtered， producing a paste which is then turned into a solid， “recycled” gold.
“Nearly 50% of the value of e-waste comes from the gold，” Cameron Weber， a senior lecturer at Chemical Sciences， said. “In fact， there’s actually more gold in e-waste as a concentration than there is in gold that’s been mined， which shows you the value of being able to take your e-waste and recycle and reuse some of the elements that are found in it.”
Looking ahead， Crush， explained the process could potentially have a number of interesting applications. “The future for Mint Innovation is to prove that our technology works with a number of different materials，” he said. “So， we’ll just keep trying to see where our microbial process makes more sense.”
9.What is Mint Innovation trying to do？（ ）
A.To develop eco-friendly products.
B.To change the “throwaway culture”.
C.To collect harmful things in e-waste.
D.To get valuable things from e-waste.
10.What is an important step in Mint Innovation’s system？（ ）
A.Mixing e-waste with gold.
B.Reusing elements of e-waste.
C.Turning e-waste into tiny pieces.
D.Exposing e-waste to special chemicals.
11.What does Cameron Weber mainly want to express in the last but one paragraph？（ ）
A.The ways of dealing with e-waste.
B.The necessity of reducing e-waste.
C.The difficulty of recycling e-waste.
D.The meaning of recycling e-waste.
12.What is Crush’s attitude towards the company’s technology？（ ）
A.Concerned. B.Positive.
C.Doubtful. D.Objective.
Ⅱ.完形填空
One Saturday evening， there was a knock at my door.My friend Jacqui was standing there holding a bloodstained towel 13 around something.“I saw him being hit by a car and 14 to the side of the road，” she said.“It’s an echidna （针鼹）.He may have lost a leg.”
Birds are my 15 specialty.I know a lot about the local native varieties that live around the caravan park I manage.The Parks and Wildlife officers and tourists often drop off injured birds to me to nurse back to 16 ， but I’d never handled an echidna.
I took this little creature， carefully 17 him and， to my relief， saw that all four legs were 18 .There was blood streaming from his nose.A few hours later， I arrived home from the local vet， 19 with a small oxygen tank and mask attached to the echidna’s nose， who was nestled inside a cage.
The next morning， I removed the oxygen mask.He seemed 20 ， backing off， but his condition was much improved.We had an empty aviary （鸟舍） in the garden and inside it was a large bath.I 21 the bath was the best place to keep him.I placed lots of leaf litter on the 22 of the bath for him to dig and bury himself in.
When I checked on him the next day， all the leaf litter was 23 at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the aviary.There was no echidna.I eventually found him attempting a（n） 24 under our front gate.He was 25 ready to go home， so Jacqui and I drove to the spot where she’d found him and placed the cage on the 26 ， and watched as he happily went off.These clever creatures know when it’s time to 27 and leave.
13.（ ）A.shown B.wrapped
C.placed D.thrown
14.（ ）A.walk B.rush
C.jump D.roll
15.（ ）A.usual B.inconvenient
C.irregular D.straight
16.（ ）A.energy B.health
C.figure D.weight
17.（ ）A.unwrapped B.conserved
C.cured D.unlocked
18.（ ）A.unearthed B.broken
C.unhurt D.connected
19.（ ）A.decorated B.supplied
C.armed D.educated
20.（ ）A.unconscious B.alarmed
C.concerned D.excited
21.（ ）A.figured B.mistook
C.protected D.ignored
22.（ ）A.front B.top
C.surface D.bottom
23.（ ）A.washed away B.spread over
C.piled up D.eaten up
24.（ ）A.fight B.competition
C.escape D.struggle
25.（ ）A.luckily B.obviously
C.seemingly D.deliberately
26.（ ）A.ground B.road
C.car D.tree
27.（ ）A.celebrate B.honor
C.decide D.arrive
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.reduce 2.smog 3.lectures 4.permission 5.flood
6.drought 7.adopted 8.oceans 9.restore
10.sustainable
维度二
1.noticed a bird catching
2.listen to English spoken by others
3.found many oranges hanging from the branches
4.see their garden taken good care of
5.make herself heard
6.With so many people looking at her
7.get your car washed
维度三
1.found our hometown changed a lot 2.are seen becoming 3.notice high buildings built 4.find their income increasing
5.feel people enjoying
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖项目促进了加州秃鹰数量的增加。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，圈养繁殖计划促成了1987年加州秃鹰数量的增加。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者认为在野外拍摄加州秃鹰很难。
3.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，作者通过照片做记录与美国鱼类和野生动物管理局团队合作。
4.D 标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖项目促进了加州秃鹰数量的增加。因此D项可作为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了修建三江源国家公园的背景、目的，以及志愿者为保护三江源地区所付出的努力。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的And yet， because of its weak ecosystem and human activities， the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse可知，三江源现在面临着日益恶化的环境问题。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的putting the country’s water source at risk以及第三段中的This is why China built its very first national park， the Sanjiangyuan National Park， to protect the sources in 2020.可知，中国在2020年建设三江源国家公园是为了保护水源。
7.D 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句以及第六段内容可以推断出，任士海是通过提高当地孩子对三江源重要性的认识，从而提高他们对三江源加以保护的意识。
8.C 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的hopefully可以推断出，作者对三江源的未来是充满希望的，即乐观的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家位于新西兰奥克兰的清洁技术公司，它利用一种技术提取电子垃圾中有价值的东西。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Mint Innovation正尽力从电子垃圾中获取有价值的东西。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Mint创新系统的重要步骤是把电子垃圾变成小碎片。
11.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Cameron Weber想要表达回收电子垃圾的意义。
12.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，Crush对于公司科技的态度是积极的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友救了一只受伤的针鼹后悉心照顾它，并在它伤好后将它送回大自然的故事。
13.B 根据空前的a bloodstained towel和空后的around something可知，朋友用毛巾将受伤的针鼹包住了。
14.D 根据空前的being hit by a car和空后的to the side of the road可推知，针鼹被撞后应该就势滚到了路边。
15.A 根据下文The Parks and Wildlife officers and tourists often drop off injured birds to me to nurse back to 16 ， but I’d never handled an echidna.可知，鸟类是作者的专长。
16.B 根据上文语境可知，作者对本土鸟类了解很多，公园和野生动物管理人员和游客经常把受伤的鸟交给作者，让作者照顾它们恢复健康，但作者从来没有接触过针鼹。
17.A 此处指作者检查针鼹的伤势，所以是打开包裹。
18.C 根据空前的to my relief以及空后的There was blood streaming from his nose.可知，针鼹的腿并没有受伤，受伤的是它的鼻子。
19.C 根据语境可知，作者从当地兽医那里带回了一罐氧气。be armed with 意为“装备有；用……武装”。
20.B 根据空后的backing off可知，针鼹对于作者的在场是惊恐的。
21.A 根据下文 I placed lots of leaf litter on the 22 of the bath for him to dig and bury himself in.可知，作者将针鼹放在了浴缸里，所以此处指作者认为浴缸是关它的最好地方。
22.D 根据下文When I checked on him the next day， all the leaf litter was 23 at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the aviary.可知，作者将大量的树叶放在了浴缸底部以方便针鼹挖洞把自己埋进去。
23.C 根据空后at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the aviary可知，针鼹为了在鸟舍一侧挖洞将铺在浴缸底部的树叶都移到了浴缸的一端。
24.C 针鼹在浴缸一端挖了一个大洞，所以应该是试图从作者的前门下逃跑。
25.B 针鼹在浴缸一端挖了一个大洞，所以很明显应该是想要逃离鸟舍这个地方，准备回家。
26.A 作者和朋友将针鼹送回了发现它的地方，并将笼子放在了地上以方便它离开。
27.D 根据上文These clever creatures以及空后的and leave可知，空处应与leave相对，所以此处指这些聪明的生物对于什么时候到达和离开是很清楚的。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
动词-ing形式和过去分词作宾语补足语
①I could feel the wind blowing on my face.
②I saw the little boy beaten by Bob.
③She has me repairing her computer all the morning.
④She had/got her computer stolen the other day.
⑤The woman found her necklace stolen after she got home.
⑥The father left the seven-month-old baby crying in the bed.
⑦With everything well arranged，the manager left the office.
【我的发现】
1.句①为“感官动词＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构，动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，强调动作的延续性，表示动作 。
2.句②为“感官动词＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示 。
3.句③为“使役动词have/has＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构，动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示 。
4.句④为“使役动词have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示 。
5.句⑤为“find＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，意为“发现……被……”，过去分词表示 。
6.句⑥为“leave＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构，意为“让/听任……保持……的状态”，动词-ing形式表示 。
7.句⑦为“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，意为“随着……被……”，过去分词表示 。
一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
1.构成动词-ing形式的动词与宾语之间的关系
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，有doing和being done两种形式。构成动词-ing形式的动词与宾语之间若是逻辑上的主谓关系，则用doing表示正在进行的主动动作；若是逻辑上的动宾关系，则用being done表示正在进行的被动动作。
2.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的情况
（1）位于感官动词后，如see， hear， feel， smell， watch， notice等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感觉有人正站在我后面。
（2）位于使役动词后，如have， get， keep， leave， send， set等。
The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away far and wide.
警察的到来使强盗们正在四处逃窜。
（3）用于with复合结构中。
She fell asleep with the light still burning.
她睡着了，灯还亮着。
【即时演练1】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Hearing the telephone ringing，she rushed out of the kitchen and left the water （boil）.
②With Teachers’ Day （draw） near， we held a heated discussion on how to celebrate it.
③—Do you often hear John （sing） in his room？
—Yes.Listen，now we can hear him （sing） in his room.
④John caught his sister （read） his private letters.
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.构成过去分词的动词与宾语之间的关系
（1）及物动词的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语是构成过去分词的动词的逻辑宾语，宾语和构成过去分词的动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
I want the letter posted.
我想把这封信寄出去。
（2）少数不及物动词如go，fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作已完成。因此，宾语与构成过去分词的动词之间不存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
她在回家的路上发现她的项链不见了。
（3）动词seat， hide， dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状态，而不表示被动意义。
When I came in，I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
2.过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
（1）用在表示状态的动词keep， leave等的后面。
He got up late and hurried to work， leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起床晚了，没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。
（2）用在使役动词have， get， make等的后面。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”意为“让别人做某事”，不过“have＋宾语＋过去分词”还有“遭遇到某种不幸”之意。
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔对行李进行了安检。
While she was shopping in the supermarket， she had her mobile phone stolen.
她在超市购物时，她的手机被偷了。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
（3）用在感官动词see， hear， notice， observe， watch， feel， find等的后面。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
（4）用在表示心理状态的动词think， suppose， consider等的后面。
They considered the matter settled.
他们认为这个问题解决了。
（5）用在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，过去分词与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备放即将做好的饭菜。
【即时演练2】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Her smart phone was found （steal） after she got home.
②Recently， the boy has had a decline in sight， so he should have his eyes （examine）.
③We had better have the dangerous house （pull） down as soon as possible.
④With the maths problem （solve）， we waved goodbye to our teacher and left the classroom.
三、动词-ing形式、过去分词、动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
非谓语动词 作宾语补足语的用法
动词 -ing 形式 表示正在进行的主动动作或被动动作 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我经过她的房间时，听到她正在唱一首英文歌。 I heard a song being sung when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我经过她的房间时，听到有人在唱歌。
过去 分词 表示被动或动作已完成 I heard the English song sung many times. 我听到那首英文歌被唱了许多次。
动词不 定式 在with复合结构中，构成不定式的动词表示的动作还未发生；感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式（通常省略to）强调动作发生的全过程 With a lot of homework to do，Tom can’t go to the cinema with his father. 因为有很多作业要做，汤姆不能和他爸爸一起去看电影。 I heard her sing an English song just now. 我刚才听到她唱了一首英文歌。
【即时演练3】 补全句子
①I must before the boss comes back.
我必须在老板回来之前让人把小汽车修好。
②I in the kitchen.
我闻到厨房里有东西烧着了。
③I at the school gate.
我看到她在校门口被人打了。
④When she came to life， she by many people.
当她醒过来时，发现自己被好多人围着。
⑤I can’t go out .
有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。
devote v.致力，献身，倾注
【教材原句】 Now， she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.
现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。
【用法】
（1）devote ...to 把……用于/致力于……
devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……
（2）devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事
be devoted to sb 深爱着某人
a devoted fan 忠实的粉丝
（3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
devotion to 对……的关爱/投入/忠诚
【佳句】 I often devote my free time to playing badminton with my classmates in the school stadium.
我经常把我的空闲时间用于和我的同学们在学校体育馆打羽毛球。
【点津】 devote ...to中的to是介词，后接动词时应用动词-ing形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The legend of the cowherd and the weaving maid， standing for （devote） love， has taken root in the heart of everyone.
②Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our （devote） to work and family.
③To be honest， I can only devote two hours a day to （share） with my children.
【写美】 补全句子
④Responsible and community work， he is praised by the people around.
他负责任，致力于社区工作，受到了周围人的称赞。（人物介绍）
reserve n.（野生生物）保护区； 储备（量），贮藏（量） vt.预订，预约（座位、席位、房间等）；保留，预留
【教材原句】 Hello from Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve （SNNR）.
大家好，这里是三江源国家级自然保护区。
【用法】
（1）reserve sth for sb 为某人预留某物
reserve a room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位
reserve the right to do sth 保留做某事的权利
（2）keep sth in reserve 保存某物以备用
（3）reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
without reservation 毫无保留地
make a reservation 预约
【佳句】 Many endangered animals are protected in nature reserves.
许多濒临灭绝的动物在自然保护区受到保护。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We always keep some money reserve just in case.
②Fortunately， with people’s attitudes towards wildlife changed， many nature （reserve） have been established.
③I’d like to reserve a table in the name of Jack three for eight o’clock.
【写美】 补全句子
④I three days ago.My name is Ruth Carson.
我三天前在这家旅馆预订了房间。我叫鲁思·卡森。
damage v.破损，损害，损伤n.[U] 损失，破坏，损坏；损害，伤害；[pl.] （法院判定的）损害赔偿金
【教材原句】 In recent years， we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.近年来，我们看到由于人类活动大片的湿地被破坏。
【用法】
（1）damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
（2）cause/do damage to ... 对……造成损害
【辨清】
（1）damage 表示“损害，损坏”，程度较轻，所带来的损伤是可修复的。
（2）destroy 指彻底毁坏，所带来的损坏是不能修复的，也可表示希望破灭、计划落空等。
（3）ruin 指彻底毁掉，这种毁坏多是由自然力量、个人疏忽等造成的，现多用于希望破灭、计划落空等。
【练透】 选词填空（destroy， damage， ruin）
①The whole village was in the war， leaving nothing to the native people.
②They managed to repair the houses that were badly in the earthquake.
③That mistake his chances of getting the well-paid job.
【写美】 补全句子
④As we all know， smoking cigarettes can .（damage n.）
众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
affect v.影响；对……有影响；侵袭；感动
【教材原句】 We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes，which affect the water supply downstream.
我们还看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响了下游的供水。
【用法】
（1）be deeply affected by 被……深深打动
be affected with 患有……疾病
（2）effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效；开始实施
【佳句】 This disease affects millions of people’s health in the world every year.
这种病每年影响世界上数百万人的健康。
【助记】 A number of new laws will come into effect next month， which will have an effect on people’s lives.下个月将开始实施许多新法规，这会对人们的生活产生影响。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The mayor decided to visit the villages that （affect） by the flood.
②Global warming and climate change are having a great effect the plants and animals on Earth.
③The new regulation doesn’t come effect until the first of June.
【写美】 补全句子
④ the selfless doctor， I have taken to the career.
在这位无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。
supply n.（煤气、电力、自来水等）供应（系统） v.（尤指大量）供应，供给，提供
【教材原句】 We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes，which affect the water supply downstream.
我们还看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响了下游的供水。
【用法】
（1）supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物
（2）be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供应
gas/electricity/water supply 煤气/电力/自来水供应（系统）
【佳句】 If you fail to pay your electricity bill in time， you run the risk of having your electricity supply cut off.
如果你未能及时付电费账单，就有被断电的风险。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are short supply in this country.
②Whenever she goes out， she always takes a large supply baby food with her.
【写美】 补全句子
③Moreover， the competition will to develop your creativity and build friendship with students who share the same interest with you.
此外，这次比赛将会给你提供一个发展创造力，同时与有相同兴趣的同学们建立友谊的机会。（告知信）
reduce v.减少，降低
【教材原句】 Reduce waste by choosing reusable products ...
通过选择可以重复使用的产品来减少浪费……
【用法】
（1）reduce ...
reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默
reduce sth to ruins 把某物沦为废墟
（2）reduction n. 减少；缩小
【佳句】 Though reduced to ruins in the terrible earthquake， the city began to breathe again.
虽然这座城市在可怕的地震中沦为一片废墟，但它又开始复苏了。
【点津】 在reduce ...to ...中，介词to后跟减少后的量，而在reduce ...by ...中，介词by后跟减少的量。decrease也有类似用法。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It was so foggy a day that the driver had to reduce the speed forty kilometers an hour.
②Thanks to the new techology， costs have been reduced 20% over the past year.
【写美】 补全句子
③One of the most effective ways is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.
减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。（建议信）
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.正在进行 2.被动 3.主动 4.被动 5.被动 6.主动 7.被动
即时演练1
①boiling ②drawing ③sing； singing ④reading
即时演练2
①stolen ②examined ③pulled ④solved
即时演练3
①have the car repaired ②smell something burning
③saw her beaten ④found herself surrounded
⑤with these clothes to wash
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①devoted ②devotion ③sharing
④devoted to/devoting himself to
2.①in ②reserves ③for
④made a reservation in this hotel
3.①destroyed ②damaged ③ruined
④cause/do damage to our health
4.①were affected ②on ③into ④Affected by
5.①in ②of ③supply/provide you with a chance
6.①to ②by ③to reduce stress
8 / 8(共90张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
动词-ing形式和过去分词作宾语补足语
①I could feel the wind blowing on my face.
②I saw the little boy beaten by Bob.
③She has me repairing her computer all the morning.
④She had/got her computer stolen the other day.
⑤The woman found her necklace stolen after she got home.
⑥The father left the seven-month-old baby crying in the bed.
⑦With everything well arranged，the manager left the office.
【我的发现】
1. 句①为“感官动词＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构，动词-ing形式作
宾语补足语，强调动作的延续性，表示动作 。
2. 句②为“感官动词＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，过去分词作宾语补足
语，表示 。
3. 句③为“使役动词have/has＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构，动词-ing
形式作宾语补足语，表示 。
4. 句④为“使役动词have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，过去分词作
宾语补足语，表示 。
正在进行
被动
主动
被动
5. 句⑤为“find＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，意为“发现……
被……”，过去分词表示 。
6. 句⑥为“leave＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构，意为“让/听任……保
持……的状态”，动词-ing形式表示 。
7. 句⑦为“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，意为“随着……
被……”，过去分词表示 。
被动
主动
被动
一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
1. 构成动词-ing形式的动词与宾语之间的关系
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，有doing和being done两种形式。构成
动词-ing形式的动词与宾语之间若是逻辑上的主谓关系，则用doing
表示正在进行的主动动作；若是逻辑上的动宾关系，则用being
done表示正在进行的被动动作。
2. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的情况
（1）位于感官动词后，如see， hear， feel， smell， watch，
notice等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感觉有人正站在我后面。
（2）位于使役动词后，如have， get， keep， leave， send，
set等。
The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away far and wide.
警察的到来使强盗们正在四处逃窜。
（3）用于with复合结构中。
She fell asleep with the light still burning.
她睡着了，灯还亮着。
【即时演练1】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Hearing the telephone ringing，she rushed out of the kitchen and left
the water （boil）.
②With Teachers’ Day （draw） near， we held a heated
discussion on how to celebrate it.
③—Do you often hear John （sing） in his room？
—Yes.Listen，now we can hear him （sing） in his room.
④John caught his sister （read） his private letters.
boiling
drawing
sing
singing
reading
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1. 构成过去分词的动词与宾语之间的关系
（1）及物动词的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语是构成过去分
词的动词的逻辑宾语，宾语和构成过去分词的动词之间存在
逻辑上的动宾关系。
I want the letter posted.
我想把这封信寄出去。
（2）少数不及物动词如go，fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅
表示动作已完成。因此，宾语与构成过去分词的动词之间不
存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
她在回家的路上发现她的项链不见了。
（3）动词seat， hide， dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示
状态，而不表示被动意义。
When I came in，I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
2. 过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
（1）用在表示状态的动词keep， leave等的后面。
He got up late and hurried to work， leaving the breakfast
untouched.
他起床晚了，没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。
（2）用在使役动词have， get， make等的后面。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”意为“让别人做某
事”，不过“have＋宾语＋过去分词”还有“遭遇到某种
不幸”之意。
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔对行李进行了安检。
While she was shopping in the supermarket， she had her mobile
phone stolen.
她在超市购物时，她的手机被偷了。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词表示结
果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very
simple English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
（3）用在感官动词see， hear， notice， observe， watch， feel，
find等的后面。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend
the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
（4）用在表示心理状态的动词think， suppose， consider等的
后面。
They considered the matter settled.
他们认为这个问题解决了。
（5）用在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，过去分词与宾语之间是
逻辑上的动宾关系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already
laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备放即将做好的饭菜。
【即时演练2】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Her smart phone was found （steal） after she got home.
②Recently， the boy has had a decline in sight， so he should have his
eyes （examine）.
③We had better have the dangerous house （pull） down as
soon as possible.
④With the maths problem （solve）， we waved goodbye to
our teacher and left the classroom.
stolen
examined
pulled
solved
三、动词-ing形式、过去分词、动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
非谓语动词 作宾语补足语的用法
动词-ing 形式 表示正在进行的主动动作或被动动作
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by
her room yesterday.
昨天我经过她的房间时，听到她正在唱一首英文歌。
I heard a song being sung when I passed by her room
yesterday.
昨天我经过她的房间时，听到有人在唱歌。
过去分词 表示被动或动作已完成
I heard the English song sung many times.
我听到那首英文歌被唱了许多次。
非谓语动词 作宾语补足语的用法
动词不定式 在with复合结构中，构成不定式的动词表示的动作
还未发生；感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式
（通常省略to）强调动作发生的全过程
With a lot of homework to do，Tom can’t go to the
cinema with his father.
因为有很多作业要做，汤姆不能和他爸爸一起去看
电影。
I heard her sing an English song just now.
我刚才听到她唱了一首英文歌。
【即时演练3】 补全句子
①I must before the boss comes back.
我必须在老板回来之前让人把小汽车修好。
②I in the kitchen.
我闻到厨房里有东西烧着了。
③I at the school gate.
我看到她在校门口被人打了。
④When she came to life， she by many
people.
当她醒过来时，发现自己被好多人围着。
⑤I can’t go out .
有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。
have the car repaired
smell something burning
saw her beaten
found herself surrounded
with these clothes to wash
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
devote v.致力，献身，倾注
【教材原句】 Now， she is a model and performance artist devoted to
ocean conservation.
现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。
【用法】
（1）devote ...to 把……用于/致力于……
devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……
（2）devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事
be devoted to sb 深爱着某人
a devoted fan 忠实的粉丝
（3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
devotion to 对……的关爱/投入/忠诚
【佳句】 I often devote my free time to playing badminton with my
classmates in the school stadium.
我经常把我的空闲时间用于和我的同学们在学校体育馆打羽毛球。
【点津】 devote ...to中的to是介词，后接动词时应用动词-ing
形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The legend of the cowherd and the weaving maid， standing
for （devote） love， has taken root in the heart of
everyone.
②Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of
our （devote） to work and family.
③To be honest， I can only devote two hours a day to
（share） with my children.
devoted
devotion
sharing
【写美】 补全句子
④Responsible and community work，
he is praised by the people around.
他负责任，致力于社区工作，受到了周围人的称赞。（人物介绍）
devoted to/devoting himself to
reserve n.（野生生物）保护区； 储备（量），贮藏（量） vt.预
订，预约（座位、席位、房间等）；保留，预留
【教材原句】 Hello from Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve
（SNNR）.
大家好，这里是三江源国家级自然保护区。
【用法】
（1）reserve sth for sb 为某人预留某物
reserve a room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位
reserve the right to do sth 保留做某事的权利
（2）keep sth in reserve 保存某物以备用
（3）reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
without reservation 毫无保留地
make a reservation 预约
【佳句】 Many endangered animals are protected in nature reserves.
许多濒临灭绝的动物在自然保护区受到保护。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We always keep some money reserve just in case.
②Fortunately， with people’s attitudes towards wildlife changed， many nature （reserve） have been established.
③I’d like to reserve a table in the name of Jack three for eight o’clock.
in
reserves
for
【写美】 补全句子
④I three days ago.My name is Ruth
Carson.
我三天前在这家旅馆预订了房间。我叫鲁思·卡森。
made a reservation in this hotel
damage v.破损，损害，损伤n.[U] 损失，破坏，损坏；损害，伤
害；[pl.] （法院判定的）损害赔偿金
【教材原句】 In recent years， we have seen large areas of wetland that
were damaged by human activity.
近年来，我们看到由于人类活动大片的湿地被破坏。
【用法】
（1）damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
（2）cause/do damage to ... 对……造成损害
【辨清】
（1）damage 表示“损害，损坏”，程度较轻，所带来的损伤是可修
复的。
（2）destroy 指彻底毁坏，所带来的损坏是不能修复的，也可表示希
望破灭、计划落空等。
（3）ruin 指彻底毁掉，这种毁坏多是由自然力量、个人疏忽等造成
的，现多用于希望破灭、计划落空等。
【练透】 选词填空（destroy， damage， ruin）
①The whole village was in the war， leaving
nothing to the native people.
②They managed to repair the houses that were badly
in the earthquake.
③That mistake his chances of getting the well-paid job.
【写美】 补全句子
④As we all know， smoking cigarettes can
.（damage n.）
众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
destroyed
damaged
ruined
cause/do damage to
our health
affect v.影响；对……有影响；侵袭；感动
【教材原句】 We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these
changes，which affect the water supply downstream.我们还看到了由这
些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响了下游的供水。
【用法】
（1）be deeply affected by 被……深深打动
be affected with 患有……疾病
（2）effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效；开始实施
【佳句】 This disease affects millions of people’s health in the world
every year.
这种病每年影响世界上数百万人的健康。
【助记】 A number of new laws will come into effect next month，
which will have an effect on people’s lives.下个月将开始实施许多新
法规，这会对人们的生活产生影响。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The mayor decided to visit the villages that
（affect） by the flood.
②Global warming and climate change are having a great effect the
plants and animals on Earth.
③The new regulation doesn’t come effect until the first of
June.
【写美】 补全句子
④ the selfless doctor， I have taken to the career.
在这位无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。
were affected
on
into
Affected by
supply n.（煤气、电力、自来水等）供应（系统） v.（尤指大量）
供应，供给，提供
【教材原句】 We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these
changes，which affect the water supply downstream.我们还看到了由这
些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响了下游的供水。
【用法】
（1）supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物
（2）be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供应
gas/electricity/water supply 煤气/电力/自来水供应（系统）
【佳句】 If you fail to pay your electricity bill in time， you run the risk
of having your electricity supply cut off.
如果你未能及时付电费账单，就有被断电的风险。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are short supply
in this country.
②Whenever she goes out， she always takes a large supply baby
food with her.
in
of
【写美】 补全句子
③Moreover， the competition will
to develop your creativity and build friendship with students who share the
same interest with you.
此外，这次比赛将会给你提供一个发展创造力，同时与有相同兴趣的
同学们建立友谊的机会。（告知信）
supply/provide you with a chance
reduce v.减少，降低
【教材原句】 Reduce waste by choosing reusable products ...通过选
择可以重复使用的产品来减少浪费……
【用法】
（1）reduce ...
reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默
reduce sth to ruins 把某物沦为废墟
（2）reduction n. 减少；缩小
【佳句】 Though reduced to ruins in the terrible earthquake， the city
began to breathe again.
虽然这座城市在可怕的地震中沦为一片废墟，但它又开始复苏了。
【点津】 在reduce ...to ...中，介词to后跟减少后的量，而在
reduce ...by ...中，介词by后跟减少的量。decrease也有类似用法。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It was so foggy a day that the driver had to reduce the speed forty
kilometers an hour.
②Thanks to the new techology， costs have been reduced 20%
over the past year.
【写美】 补全句子
③One of the most effective ways is to talk about your
feelings with someone you trust.
减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。（建议信）
to
by
to reduce stress
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. They are likely to （降低） the prices in the shop， so
it’s a good time to do some shopping.
2. The government has taken some effective measures to
prevent （雾霾） in winter.
reduce
smog
3. The professor gave a series of （讲座） to first-year
students.
4. With my parents’ （允许）， I went to my best
friend Robert’s birthday party and didn’t go home until 10：00 pm.
5. Because of the （洪水）， the number of homeless people
has increased rapidly.
6. Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result
of （干旱） and poor harvests.
lectures
permission
flood
drought
7. The three teams （采取） three different ways to solve
the problem but they got the same result.
8. It is common knowledge that the world is made up of seven continents
and four o .
9. The measures are intended to r public confidence in the
economy.
10. Environment protection and s development are the main
trend at present.
adopted
ceans
estore
ustainable
维度二：语法与写作
用“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构补全句子。
1. I looked up and worms in the tree.
我抬头一看，注意到一只鸟正在树上捕捉虫子。
2. To learn English well， we should find opportunities to
as much as we can.
为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听别人说英语。
3. No sooner had we arrived at the farm than we
.
我们一到农场，就发现树枝上挂着许多橘子。
noticed a bird catching
listen to
English spoken by others
found many oranges
hanging from the branches
4. Back from the vacation， the family was very happy to
by volunteers.
度假回来后，这家人很高兴看见他们的花园被志愿者照顾得很好。
5. Helen had to raise her voice to in this noisy
lecture hall.
海伦不得不在这个喧闹的演讲厅里提高嗓门好让别人听到。
6. ， she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
see their
garden taken good care of
make herself heard
With so many people looking at her
7. Before driving into the city， you are required to
.
开车进城前，你必须把车洗一洗。
get your car
washed
维度三：语法与语篇
根据汉语提示补全短文。
We have 1. （发现我们的家
乡发生了很大的变化） over the past ten years.The roads 2.
（被看见正变得） wider and wider.And we can 3.
（注意到高楼建成） one after another.Life in the
town has become more convenient and comfortable than before.People
can 4. （发现他们的收入增长）
continuously.We can 5. （感觉到人们享受着）
their happy life.
found our hometown changed a lot
are seen
becoming
notice
high buildings built
find their income increasing
feel people enjoying
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Finding a California condor in the wild would be the most unusual
treat， perhaps even more unusual than finding a wolf in Yellowstone
National Park. In fact， the wolf was what opened my eyes to the fact that
humans could bring an animal back to the place where it had disappeared.
In 1987， there were only 27 California condors left， none of which
were in the wild， only in captive breeding programs. It was those
breeding programs that contributed to their population rise， enough that
by 1991 some of them could be freed into the wild.
Still， the hope of seeing a California condor， which remains an
endangered species， is very low， let alone getting a photo of one.
California condor population dropped mostly due to human factors， such
as poaching and living areas destruction — these are challenges California
condors still face today.
Although this is just a bird’s-eye view of the challenges California
condors face and there are many others， it is part of why the opportunity
to work with the US Fish and Wildlife Service team and their partners
helping their recovery is so special to me as a photographer. I am not only
able to photograph the birds in their wild living areas， but also
understand and record how difficult the work is of those people on the
front lines of the protection.
I am grateful for the work of the team， and my hope is that
California condor population will continue to rise， allowing future
generations an opportunity I never had when I first got here — to look to
the sky and see one flying around.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖项目促进
了加州秃鹰数量的增加。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖项目促进
了加州秃鹰数量的增加。
1. What helped the increase of the California condor population in 1987？
（ ）
A. Rules for hunters.
B. Captive breeding programs.
C. The improved natural environment.
D. The enlargement of wild living areas.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，圈养繁殖计划促成
了1987年加州秃鹰数量的增加。
2. What does the author say about taking photos of a California condor in
the wild？（ ）
A. It is difficult. B. It is easy.
C. It is boring. D. It is dangerous.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者认为在野外
拍摄加州秃鹰很难。
3. What did the author do when working with the US Fish and Wildlife
Service team？（ ）
A. He guided ways for them.
B. He made records by photos.
C. He helped the birds to recover.
D. He rebuilt the birds’ living areas.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，作者通过
照片做记录与美国鱼类和野生动物管理局团队合作。
4. What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A. New Way， New Hope
B. Wolves and California Condors
C. A Photo of a California Condor
D. The California Condor’s Coming Back
解析： 标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖
项目促进了加州秃鹰数量的增加。因此D项可作为文章最佳标题。
B
It’s been given the title “Asia’s water tower”： Sanjiangyuan，
meaning “the source of three rivers”， is an area in Qinghai.It is the
source of the Yellow River， Yangtze River and Lancang River.
The three rivers provide water for as many as 600 million people， or
almost half the population of China.And yet， because of its weak
ecosystem and human activities， the environment in Sanjiangyuan is
becoming worse， putting the country’s water source at risk.
This is why China built its very first national park， the Sanjiangyuan
National Park， to protect the sources in 2020.The park will also increase
the area’s green coverage and become the home of many wildlife
species.
Long before the decision to build the park was made， however，
volunteers across the country had already started their own effort to protect
Sanjiangyuan.
Take Ren Shihai for example， a 38-year-old volunteer from
Beijing.Ren is a member of the Shan Shui Conservation Center， focusing
on environmental protection in the Sanjiangyuan area.He joined a team of
volunteers who taught at the No.2 Middle School in Zaduo county， in
Qinghai’s Yushu.He said he got a feeling of happiness when students
were very excited when he spoke about the rivers and mountains in
Sanjiangyuan and why it was important to protect them.
Zhaxi Bading， a 13-year-old Tibetan student， said he learned
something new in Ren’s class.“I know the rivers that run through my
hometown but I didn’t know their effects on the environment of the lower
reaches，” he said.“I’m proud that my hometown is beautiful， and I
want to protect it.”
Now under the protection of our country， hopefully “Asia’s water
tower” will still have that name for years to come.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了修建三江源国家公园的
背景、目的，以及志愿者为保护三江源地区所付出的努力。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了修建三江源国家公园的
背景、目的，以及志愿者为保护三江源地区所付出的努力。
5. What problem is Sanjiangyuan facing now？（ ）
A. Less wildlife.
B. Worsening environment.
C. More visits.
D. Not enough water.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的And yet， because of its
weak ecosystem and human activities， the environment in
Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse可知，三江源现在面临着日益恶化
的环境问题。
6. Why did China build the Sanjiangyuan National Park in 2020？
（ ）
A. To protect the water sources.
B. To study the wildlife in the area.
C. To enlarge the area of green coverage.
D. To increase the number of wildlife species.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的putting the country’s
water source at risk以及第三段中的This is why China built its very
first national park， the Sanjiangyuan National Park， to protect the
sources in 2020.可知，中国在2020年建设三江源国家公园是为了保
护水源。
7. How did Ren Shihai protect Sanjiangyuan？（ ）
A. By advising the government to build a national park.
B. By keeping the rivers and mountains in the area natural.
C. By collecting enough money to feed its wild animals.
D. By raising local children’s awareness of protecting it.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句以及第六段内容可以
推断出，任士海是通过提高当地孩子对三江源重要性的认识，从而
提高他们对三江源加以保护的意识。
8. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of Sanjiangyuan？
（ ）
A. Unconcerned. B. Doubtful.
C. Positive. D. Worried.
解析： 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的hopefully可以推断出，
作者对三江源的未来是充满希望的，即乐观的。
C
Cell phones， tablets， laptops， smart-watches： the modern world
is packed with a lot of devices that bring us connectivity， entertainment
and information. Our hunger for the latest models leads to the
“throwaway” culture， which means consumers often throw away old
devices as soon as new ones come to the market， a habit that can have a
significant effect on waste streams and the environment.
With concerns about e-waste growing， some companies are now
turning to chemistry to develop solutions to recycle items like old cell
phones， extracting value at the same time. One such example is the work
being carried out by Mint Innovation， a clean tech firm based in
Auckland， New Zealand. “We’ve developed a biological process for
recovering valuable metals from electronic waste，” said Ollie Crush，
the company’s chief scientific officer.
Crush explained that Mint Innovation’s system included grinding
（磨碎） waste up into a powder. “The reason why we must do this is
that we need to make sure that we’re exposing all the metal contained
within to a chemical filtering （过滤） process，” he added.
When it comes to recovering a valuable material like gold， the
technique used by Mint Innovation has a number of steps. According to a
video， chemicals dissolve （溶解） the powdered waste into a
solution， with any materials that haven’t dissolved filtered out.
Microbes are then added to the mix. Gold atoms catch on to them in a
process called “selective biosorption”. Next， the microbes coated gold
are filtered， producing a paste which is then turned into a solid，
“recycled” gold.
“Nearly 50% of the value of e-waste comes from the gold，”
Cameron Weber， a senior lecturer at Chemical Sciences， said. “In
fact， there’s actually more gold in e-waste as a concentration than there
is in gold that’s been mined， which shows you the value of being able
to take your e-waste and recycle and reuse some of the elements that are
found in it.”
Looking ahead， Crush， explained the process could potentially
have a number of interesting applications. “The future for Mint
Innovation is to prove that our technology works with a number of
different materials，” he said. “So， we’ll just keep trying to see
where our microbial process makes more sense.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家位于新西兰奥克兰
的清洁技术公司，它利用一种技术提取电子垃圾中有价值的东西。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家位于新西兰奥克兰
的清洁技术公司，它利用一种技术提取电子垃圾中有价值的东西。
9. What is Mint Innovation trying to do？（ ）
A. To develop eco-friendly products.
B. To change the “throwaway culture”.
C. To collect harmful things in e-waste.
D. To get valuable things from e-waste.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Mint
Innovation正尽力从电子垃圾中获取有价值的东西。
10. What is an important step in Mint Innovation’s system？（ ）
A. Mixing e-waste with gold.
B. Reusing elements of e-waste.
C. Turning e-waste into tiny pieces.
D. Exposing e-waste to special chemicals.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Mint创新系统
的重要步骤是把电子垃圾变成小碎片。
11. What does Cameron Weber mainly want to express in the last but one
paragraph？（ ）
A. The ways of dealing with e-waste.
B. The necessity of reducing e-waste.
C. The difficulty of recycling e-waste.
D. The meaning of recycling e-waste.
解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Cameron
Weber想要表达回收电子垃圾的意义。
12. What is Crush’s attitude towards the company’s technology？
（ ）
A. Concerned. B. Positive.
C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，Crush对于公
司科技的态度是积极的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
One Saturday evening， there was a knock at my door.My friend
Jacqui was standing there holding a bloodstained towel 13 around
something.“I saw him being hit by a car and 14 to the side of the
road，” she said.“It’s an echidna （针鼹）.He may have lost a
leg.”
Birds are my 15 specialty.I know a lot about the local native
varieties that live around the caravan park I manage.The Parks and
Wildlife officers and tourists often drop off injured birds to me to nurse
back to 16 ， but I’d never handled an echidna.
I took this little creature， carefully 17 him and， to my relief，
saw that all four legs were 18 .There was blood streaming from his
nose.A few hours later， I arrived home from the local vet， 19 with
a small oxygen tank and mask attached to the echidna’s nose， who was
nestled inside a cage.
The next morning， I removed the oxygen mask.He
seemed 20 ， backing off， but his condition was much improved.We
had an empty aviary （鸟舍） in the garden and inside it was a large
bath.I 21 the bath was the best place to keep him.I placed lots of leaf
litter on the 22 of the bath for him to dig and bury himself in.
When I checked on him the next day， all the leaf litter was 23
at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the
aviary.There was no echidna.I eventually found him attempting a
（n） 24 under our front gate.He was 25 ready to go home， so
Jacqui and I drove to the spot where she’d found him and placed the cage
on the 26 ， and watched as he happily went off.These clever
creatures know when it’s time to 27 and leave.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友救了一
只受伤的针鼹后悉心照顾它，并在它伤好后将它送回大自然的故
事。
13. A. shown B. wrapped
C. placed D. thrown
解析： 根据空前的a bloodstained towel和空后的around
something可知，朋友用毛巾将受伤的针鼹包住了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友救了一
只受伤的针鼹后悉心照顾它，并在它伤好后将它送回大自然的故
事。
14. A. walk B. rush C. jump D. roll
解析： 根据空前的being hit by a car和空后的to the side of the
road可推知，针鼹被撞后应该就势滚到了路边。
15. A. usual B. inconvenient
C. irregular D. straight
解析： 根据下文The Parks and Wildlife officers and tourists often
drop off injured birds to me to nurse back to 16 ， but I’d never
handled an echidna.可知，鸟类是作者的专长。
16. A. energy B. health
C. figure D. weight
解析： 根据上文语境可知，作者对本土鸟类了解很多，公园
和野生动物管理人员和游客经常把受伤的鸟交给作者，让作者照
顾它们恢复健康，但作者从来没有接触过针鼹。
17. A. unwrapped B. conserved
C. cured D. unlocked
解析： 此处指作者检查针鼹的伤势，所以是打开包裹。
18. A. unearthed B. broken
C. unhurt D. connected
解析： 根据空前的to my relief以及空后的There was blood
streaming from his nose.可知，针鼹的腿并没有受伤，受伤的是它
的鼻子。
19. A. decorated B. supplied
C. armed D. educated
解析： 根据语境可知，作者从当地兽医那里带回了一罐氧
气。be armed with 意为“装备有；用……武装”。
20. A. unconscious B. alarmed
C. concerned D. excited
解析： 根据空后的backing off可知，针鼹对于作者的在场是惊
恐的。
21. A. figured B. mistook
C. protected D. ignored
解析： 根据下文 I placed lots of leaf litter on the 22 of the
bath for him to dig and bury himself in.可知，作者将针鼹放在了浴
缸里，所以此处指作者认为浴缸是关它的最好地方。
22. A. front B. top C. surface D. bottom
解析： 根据下文When I checked on him the next day， all the
leaf litter was 23 at one end of the bath and a large hole had been
dug along the side of the aviary.可知，作者将大量的树叶放在了浴
缸底部以方便针鼹挖洞把自己埋进去。
23. A. washed away B. spread over
C. piled up D. eaten up
解析： 根据空后at one end of the bath and a large hole had been
dug along the side of the aviary可知，针鼹为了在鸟舍一侧挖洞将
铺在浴缸底部的树叶都移到了浴缸的一端。
24. A. fight B. competition
C. escape D. struggle
解析： 针鼹在浴缸一端挖了一个大洞，所以应该是试图从作
者的前门下逃跑。
25. A. luckily B. obviously
C. seemingly D. deliberately
解析： 针鼹在浴缸一端挖了一个大洞，所以很明显应该是想
要逃离鸟舍这个地方，准备回家。
26. A. ground B. road C. car D. tree
解析： 作者和朋友将针鼹送回了发现它的地方，并将笼子放
在了地上以方便它离开。
27. A. celebrate B. honor
C. decide D. arrive
解析： 根据上文These clever creatures以及空后的and leave可
知，空处应与leave相对，所以此处指这些聪明的生物对于什么时
候到达和离开是很清楚的。
谢谢观看！
