【学案导学与随堂笔记】2016-2017学年高中英语（牛津译林版必修五，江苏）配套课件：Unit 2 The environment Period One
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| 名称 | 【学案导学与随堂笔记】2016-2017学年高中英语（牛津译林版必修五，江苏）配套课件：Unit 2 The environment Period One |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-07-25 20:54:47 | ||
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课件68张PPT。Unit 2
The environment The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water.With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture，the worldwide supply of water needs careful management，especially in agriculture.Although the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country，many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.话题导入 Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons，the costs of water redistribution(重新分配) are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself，but there is also an environmental cost to be considered.Where valleys are flooded to create dams，houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed.Besides，water may flow easily through pipes to fields，but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other.Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements. This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas，farmers’ overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA，a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys，but much of the water use has been poorly managed. Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas，such reserves can only decrease，and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.根据上文完成下列各题
1.Why does the worldwide supply of water need careful management?
2.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
3.What’s the text mainly about?
Water supply.Because 97% of the world’s water is too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture.Steps to improve water use management.答案Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading基础自测 自主学习 落实基础知识课文预读 回归教材 萃取文本主旨要点探究 探究重点 互动撞击思维基础自测 自主学习 落实基础知识1. n. 顾问
2. n.& vi. 辩论；争论，讨论
3. vi. 流动，流畅地进行；
n. 流动；连贯
4. n. 责任，义务，本分
5. n. 产量；生产
vt. 生产
n. 产品
adj. 多产的答案 consultant
debate
flow
duty
production
produce
product
productive重点单词答案6. vt.& vi. 回收利用
7. adj. 贪婪的，贪心的
n. 贪婪；贪心
8. n. 责任，职责
adj. 有责任的
9. n. 看法；信念
v. 相信
10. adj. 环境的
n. 环境 recycle
greedy
greed
responsibility
responsible
belief
believe
environmental
environment答案11. vt.&vi. 经营；动手术
n. 管理；手术
12. n. 赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分
13. n. 数量
n. 质量；品质
14. adj. 愿意的，乐意的
adj. 不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的
15. vt.& vi. 用泵(或泵样器官等)输送；涌出，涌流 operate
operation
credit
quantity
quality
willing
unwilling
pump答案1. 自由发言
2. 流入……
3. 也
4. 减少，缩减，削减
5. 用尽
6. 用完，耗尽open the floor
flow into
as well
cut back on
use up
run out (of)重点短语1....，we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat!
……，我们的人口越来越多，而这些人口又需要更多的土地赖以生存，需要吃更多的食物！
2.The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
目前的世界人口数量已是1800年的6倍。
3.However，I do agree that we produce more things from materials that have been recycled，..
但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，……好句积累返回4.What we need are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow.
我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，同时促进经济发展。
5.What if they run out?
它们用完了会怎么样呢？课文预读 回归教材 萃取文本主旨12435答案1.What is the focus of the debate according to the text?
A.Developing economy is the most important.
B.Preserving the environment is the most important.
C.The relationship between the environment and the economy.
D.The factories which cause much pollution to the environment should
pay higher taxes.
答案 C课文阅读理解答案2.According to Lin Shuiqing，there are mainly causes responsible for the environmental destruction.
A.five B.two C.three D.four12435C答案3.We can infer that both sides agree on the point that .
A.people should cut back on production and reduce the amount of
things we make and buy
B.recycling will help in both the fields of economy and environment
C.it is very important to reduce the amount of jobs
D.we need more effective laws to preserve the environment12435B答案4.A business development consultant is often seen as the environment，but in fact they often work with many environmental consultants.
A.being for；side by side
B.being in；hand in hand
C.being at；against
D.being against；side by side12435D答案5.We can predict that the debating show would be probably part of a(n) programme.
A.economics B.entertainment
C.films and plays D.military12435A答案课文阅读填空hostSuggestions/Advice答案damagingkillingcaughtpopulationfriendly答案developmentpreservetaxes答案课文阅读简答1.What side does Ms Lin Shuiqing and Mr Qian Liwei each represent?
2.By how many times has the world’s population increased since 1800?
3.According to Mr Qian Liwei，what should be done to factories that pollute the environment?
Ms Lin represents the society for Environmental Preservation while Mr Qian is an economist.More than six times.Those factories should have to pay higher taxes.返回要点探究 探究重点 互动撞击思维 Today’s debate question is...今天的辩题是……1.归纳拓展
debate n.&vi.辩论；争论，讨论
under debate正在辩论中
beyond debate无可争辩
注意：debate作动词时，后接名词、动名词或连接代(副)词引起的不定式短语，不接that从句。重点单词易混辨析 debate，argue，discuss
(1)debate争论，辩论，讨论，指正式的、慎重的辩论和争论。通常由评判人裁决或按规则进行，由双方各自申述理由，“交锋”意味较强。
(2)argue争论，论证，以说理的方式摆出观点，或以激烈的争论方式交换意见，以致争吵。
(3)discuss讨论，商讨；辩论，重在交换意见、进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的意味。语境助记
(1)He likes to debate issues with his friends.
他喜欢跟朋友辩论各种问题。
(2)The proposal is under debate.
那个提议还在讨论当中。
(3)They are arguing with each other about money.
他们正在为钱争吵。
(4)I’ll discuss the problem with him later.
我等一会儿再跟他讨论这个问题。题组训练
(1)By now，who is winning is (无可争辩).
(2)He that the experiment could be done in another way.
A.debated B.argued
C.discussed D.quarrelled
解析 句意为：他争辩说可以用另外一种方法做这个实验。argue可接that从句，其他三项通常不接that从句。Bbeyond debate解析答案 They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money.
他们会联想到那些对环境保护逃避责任，只想着赚钱的贪婪的商人。2.归纳拓展
(1)responsibility n.责任；职责
have responsibility for对……有责任；对……负责
a sense of responsibility责任感
(2)responsible adj.负责任的，有责任心的
be responsible for对……负责；是……的原因
be responsible to sb.对某人负责语境助记
(1)You have responsibility for clearing up the classroom after class.
下课后你负责打扫教室。
(2)But we just have to be responsible to ourselves.
但是，我们只需要对自己负责。题组训练
(1)The boy，rather than his friends， the accident.
这场事故是这个男孩的责任，而非他朋友的责任。
(2)Personally speaking，I think it is of great importance to have .
就个人而言，我认为有一种责任感是非常重要的。is responsible fora sense答案of responsibility(3)She has already tried her best and she is for her job.Please don’t be too about it.
A.responsibility；special
B.responsible；responsible
C.responsibly；unusual
D.responsible；particular
解析 be responsible for对……负责任；be particular about对……挑剔。D解析答案 People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.
人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这不一定是正确的。3.归纳拓展
(1)belief n.看法，信念
have belief in对……有信心
beyond belief难以置信的
(2)believe v.相信
believe it or not信不信由你语境助记
(1)I have much belief in his honesty.
我非常相信他的诚实。
(2)Believe it or not，I will marry Mary next month!
信不信由你，我和Mary下个月就要结婚了！题组训练
(1) (真令人难以置信) he could be so foolish!
(2)I asked my boss for a month’s holiday and， ，she agreed.
A.believing or not B.that is to say
C.believe it or not D.to believe it or not
解析 句意为：我向老板请了一个月的假，信不信由你，她同意了。believe it or not信不信由你。It’s beyond belief thatC解析答案 The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.
这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。4.归纳拓展
(1)operate vt.经营，管理；操作；vi.动手术；运转；起作用，见效
operate on sb.(for...) (因某病)给某人动手术
(2)operation n.运转，运行，操作
come/go into operation生效，实行语境助记
(1)This machine is very easy to operate.
这机器操作很简单。
(2)Doctors decided to operate on the patient at once.
医生们决定立刻对病人动手术。
(3)The new rules come into operation from next week.
这些新的规则将从下个星期起生效。题组训练
(1) according to the instructions，the robot can behave like a human being with average IQ.
A.When to operate B.When operating
C.When to be operated D.When operated
解析 句意为：当根据说明书操作时，机器人的行为可以像普通智商的人类。句中operate与逻辑主语the robot为被动关系，故用过去分词。故D项正确。D解析答案(2)Difficult in practice，this new technique hasn’t been applied.
A.operated B.to be operated
C.operating D.to operate
解析 句意为：因为这种新技术很难在实践中操作，所以它没有被应用。此处相当于because it is difficult to operate in practice，省略because it is之后就变成了 difficult to operate in practice。D解析答案 Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment.
林女士建议我们应当缩减生产量来拯救环境。5.归纳拓展
quantity n.数量
in quantity大量，大批，许多
quantities of＋名词＋谓语动词复数 许多……
a quantity of＋名词复数＋谓语动词复数/＋不可数名词＋谓语动词单数 大量……语境助记
(1)The steel works supplied us with raw material in large quantities.
那家钢铁厂给我们提供了大量原材料。
(2)Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.
去年大量的石油被用船运往了日本。
(3)A large quantity of food has been supplied to the flooded area.
大量的食品被提供给了洪水受灾地区。题组训练
(1)用所给词的正确形式填空
A quantity of land (be) wasted while quantities of victims (be) starving.
(2)—Why does the river smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water .
A.have polluted B.is being polluted
C.has been polluted D.have been polluted
解析 句意为：——这条河的河水为什么发臭啊？——因为大量的河水被污染了。large quantities of water中是large quantities作主语，故谓语动词用复数形式。选项D正确。isare解析答案D Asking around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment.
询问了周围的人，我发现很多人愿意付高一点儿的价格买环境友好型商品。6.归纳拓展
(1)willing adj.愿意的，乐意的
be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
(2)unwilling adj.不愿意的
be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事语境助记
(1)If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to lend a hand.
如果你有困难，迈克是很乐意向你伸出援手的。
(2)Is there any man unwilling to fight in defence of his country?
难道有谁不愿为保卫自己的国家而战吗？题组训练
(1)Do you know if Linda take charge of the program?
你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目吗？
(2) to accept his offer，she politely said that she could manage it by herself.
A.Willingly B.Willing
C.Unwillingly D.Unwilling
解析 句意为：因为不愿意接受他的帮助，她礼貌地说她自己可以解决。unwilling不愿意的，不情愿的，在句中作原因状语。is willing toD解析答案 Then we will open the floor for discussion.
之后我们将展开自由讨论。1.归纳拓展
open the floor自由发言
take the floor发言
have/get the floor取得发言权
give the floor to sb.让某人发言重点短语语境助记
(1)Now let’s open the floor.
现在我们自由发言。
(2)After they each had said a few words，Professor White took the floor.
他们每个人说了几句话之后，怀特教授开始发言。
(3)The president didn’t give me the chance to have the floor.
主席没有给我发言的机会。题组训练
(1) (谁发言) isn’t important to us.
(2)—Whom will the headteacher give the to in the class meeting tomorrow?
—Yang Xiaohui—our monitor.
A.words B.order
C.floor D.discussion
解析 give the floor to sb.让某人发言。CWho will take the floor解析答案 It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.
削减生产量，减少我们制造和购买东西的数量都是我们的责任。2.归纳拓展
cut back on减少，削减，缩减
cut down削减，缩减；砍倒
cut in插入；插话；插队；超车
cut sth.into sth.把……切成……
cut off切断，中断
cut out剪掉；戒掉；停止；删除语境助记
(1)The doctor advised you to cut back on smoking.
医生建议你少吸烟。
(2)In order to save money，they wanted to cut back on the cost.
为了节省资金，他们想削减成本。
(3)They were cut off from the outside world because of the storm.
由于暴风雨，他们被切断了与外界的联系。答案题组训练
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①First，cut the meat small pieces.
②They cut the big tree.
③Don’t cut when others are talking.
④I must cut smoking.intodowninout(2)If you completely foods and drinks that you love, you’ll only set yourself up to go on a large amount of those items later.
A.take out B.cut out
C.give out D.put out
解析 句意为：如果你完全停止你喜欢的饮料与食物，你只会导致自己在以后吃得更多。take out拿出；cut out 停止；give out分发；put out扑灭。B解析答案 The number of people in the world keeps growing，and we are producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials.
世界人口不断增长，我们制造的垃圾越来越多，并且即将用尽更多的原材料。3.归纳拓展
use up用完，一般用人作主语
run out一般以物作主语，表示该物已用光，以主动形式表示被动意义(be used up意义与run out相同)
run out of后接用光物品的名词，主语则是人或地区语境助记
(1)Who has used up/run out of the oil?
谁用光了石油？
(2)We should store some money before the money runs out.
趁着没把钱用光我们应当存一些。答案题组训练
(1)一句多译
汽油已经用光了。
①The petrol .
②The petrol .
③We .has run outhas been used uphave run out of/used up the petrol(2)Food supplies in the earthquake area .We must act immediately before there’s none left.
A.are being run out B.are running out
C.have run out D.have been run out
解析 run out用完，用尽，无被动形式，排除A、D两项。根据后半句可知食物快用完了，故用现在进行时表将来。B解析答案 The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
目前世界人口数量已是1800年的6倍。1.经典句式归纳拓展
倍数表达法：
英语中倍数主要由“基数词＋times”表示，“两倍”用twice。常用以下三种句型：
(1)倍数＋what从句
(2)倍数＋as...as(3)倍数＋比较级＋than
(4)倍数＋the size/height...of...语境助记
(1)This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
这个大厅比我们的教室大5倍。
(2)The production this year is five times what it was ten years ago.
今年的产量是十年前的五倍。
(3)The car factory can produce 3 times what it did five years ago.
这家轿车厂现在的产量是五年前的三倍。题组训练
(1)一句多译
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
①Asia is of Europe.
②Asia is as Europe.
③Asia is than Europe.four times the size答案four times as largethree times larger(2)In the Asian Games in South Korea，the Chinese team won
gold medals as Japan.
A.more than 3 times as many
B.3 times more than as
C.as many more than 3 times
D.as more than 3 times
解析 句意为：在韩国的亚运会上中国队赢得的金牌是日本队赢得金牌的三倍多。根据英语中的倍数表达法句型结构：A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词＋as＋B，判断选A。A解析答案 However，I do agree that we produce more things from materials that have been recycled，...
但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，……2.归纳拓展
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。语境助记
(1)To my great joy，the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
使我高兴的是，这棵植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
(2)He does work hard and finish the job in time.
他工作的确努力，并及时完成任务。
(3)Do come and see us some day.
务必在某一天来看我们。题组训练
(1) to me when you get there.
你到那儿后务必给我来信。
(2)—Did you ring her last night?
—Yes，I her，but she wasn’t at home.
A.really ring B.did ring
C.did rang D.do ring
解析 句意为：——你昨晚给她打电话了吗？——是的，我的确给她打电话了，但是她不在家。陈述句中动词前加助动词do起强调作用。结合语境可知下文描述的是过去的动作，故用did＋动词原形。Do writeB解析答案 What we need are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow.
我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，同时促进经济发展。3.归纳拓展
what在此处引导的是主语从句，引导主语从句的词还有that，whether，which，who，whose，whatever，whichever，how，why等。语境助记
(1)That everything in the world changes was often a theme in poetry of the Romantic Movement.
世界上的万物都是变化的，这常常是浪漫主义运动诗歌的主题。
(2)Whether he has been abroad or not doesn’t make much difference.
他是否出过国不重要。
(3)Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.
他们为什么突然消失了还是个谜。
(4)What was most important to her，she told me，was her family.
她告诉我对她最重要的东西是她的家庭。题组训练
(1) will get the prize.
你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。
we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
(2015·北京，35)
A.Where B.How
C.Why D.When
解析 考查名词性从句的引导词。句意为：我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉到的东西有很大关系。 分析句子结构可知“ we understand things”为主语从句，结合句意可知选B。Whichever of you gets here firstB解析答案答案People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.
句式分析：that引导的是this belief的 ，that在同位语从句中不作句子成分，只起 的作用。
自主翻译： 难句分析同位语从句引导词人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这不一定是正确的。返回
The environment The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water.With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture，the worldwide supply of water needs careful management，especially in agriculture.Although the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country，many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.话题导入 Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons，the costs of water redistribution(重新分配) are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself，but there is also an environmental cost to be considered.Where valleys are flooded to create dams，houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed.Besides，water may flow easily through pipes to fields，but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other.Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements. This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas，farmers’ overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA，a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys，but much of the water use has been poorly managed. Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas，such reserves can only decrease，and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.根据上文完成下列各题
1.Why does the worldwide supply of water need careful management?
2.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
3.What’s the text mainly about?
Water supply.Because 97% of the world’s water is too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture.Steps to improve water use management.答案Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading基础自测 自主学习 落实基础知识课文预读 回归教材 萃取文本主旨要点探究 探究重点 互动撞击思维基础自测 自主学习 落实基础知识1. n. 顾问
2. n.& vi. 辩论；争论，讨论
3. vi. 流动，流畅地进行；
n. 流动；连贯
4. n. 责任，义务，本分
5. n. 产量；生产
vt. 生产
n. 产品
adj. 多产的答案 consultant
debate
flow
duty
production
produce
product
productive重点单词答案6. vt.& vi. 回收利用
7. adj. 贪婪的，贪心的
n. 贪婪；贪心
8. n. 责任，职责
adj. 有责任的
9. n. 看法；信念
v. 相信
10. adj. 环境的
n. 环境 recycle
greedy
greed
responsibility
responsible
belief
believe
environmental
environment答案11. vt.&vi. 经营；动手术
n. 管理；手术
12. n. 赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分
13. n. 数量
n. 质量；品质
14. adj. 愿意的，乐意的
adj. 不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的
15. vt.& vi. 用泵(或泵样器官等)输送；涌出，涌流 operate
operation
credit
quantity
quality
willing
unwilling
pump答案1. 自由发言
2. 流入……
3. 也
4. 减少，缩减，削减
5. 用尽
6. 用完，耗尽open the floor
flow into
as well
cut back on
use up
run out (of)重点短语1....，we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat!
……，我们的人口越来越多，而这些人口又需要更多的土地赖以生存，需要吃更多的食物！
2.The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
目前的世界人口数量已是1800年的6倍。
3.However，I do agree that we produce more things from materials that have been recycled，..
但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，……好句积累返回4.What we need are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow.
我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，同时促进经济发展。
5.What if they run out?
它们用完了会怎么样呢？课文预读 回归教材 萃取文本主旨12435答案1.What is the focus of the debate according to the text?
A.Developing economy is the most important.
B.Preserving the environment is the most important.
C.The relationship between the environment and the economy.
D.The factories which cause much pollution to the environment should
pay higher taxes.
答案 C课文阅读理解答案2.According to Lin Shuiqing，there are mainly causes responsible for the environmental destruction.
A.five B.two C.three D.four12435C答案3.We can infer that both sides agree on the point that .
A.people should cut back on production and reduce the amount of
things we make and buy
B.recycling will help in both the fields of economy and environment
C.it is very important to reduce the amount of jobs
D.we need more effective laws to preserve the environment12435B答案4.A business development consultant is often seen as the environment，but in fact they often work with many environmental consultants.
A.being for；side by side
B.being in；hand in hand
C.being at；against
D.being against；side by side12435D答案5.We can predict that the debating show would be probably part of a(n) programme.
A.economics B.entertainment
C.films and plays D.military12435A答案课文阅读填空hostSuggestions/Advice答案damagingkillingcaughtpopulationfriendly答案developmentpreservetaxes答案课文阅读简答1.What side does Ms Lin Shuiqing and Mr Qian Liwei each represent?
2.By how many times has the world’s population increased since 1800?
3.According to Mr Qian Liwei，what should be done to factories that pollute the environment?
Ms Lin represents the society for Environmental Preservation while Mr Qian is an economist.More than six times.Those factories should have to pay higher taxes.返回要点探究 探究重点 互动撞击思维 Today’s debate question is...今天的辩题是……1.归纳拓展
debate n.&vi.辩论；争论，讨论
under debate正在辩论中
beyond debate无可争辩
注意：debate作动词时，后接名词、动名词或连接代(副)词引起的不定式短语，不接that从句。重点单词易混辨析 debate，argue，discuss
(1)debate争论，辩论，讨论，指正式的、慎重的辩论和争论。通常由评判人裁决或按规则进行，由双方各自申述理由，“交锋”意味较强。
(2)argue争论，论证，以说理的方式摆出观点，或以激烈的争论方式交换意见，以致争吵。
(3)discuss讨论，商讨；辩论，重在交换意见、进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的意味。语境助记
(1)He likes to debate issues with his friends.
他喜欢跟朋友辩论各种问题。
(2)The proposal is under debate.
那个提议还在讨论当中。
(3)They are arguing with each other about money.
他们正在为钱争吵。
(4)I’ll discuss the problem with him later.
我等一会儿再跟他讨论这个问题。题组训练
(1)By now，who is winning is (无可争辩).
(2)He that the experiment could be done in another way.
A.debated B.argued
C.discussed D.quarrelled
解析 句意为：他争辩说可以用另外一种方法做这个实验。argue可接that从句，其他三项通常不接that从句。Bbeyond debate解析答案 They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money.
他们会联想到那些对环境保护逃避责任，只想着赚钱的贪婪的商人。2.归纳拓展
(1)responsibility n.责任；职责
have responsibility for对……有责任；对……负责
a sense of responsibility责任感
(2)responsible adj.负责任的，有责任心的
be responsible for对……负责；是……的原因
be responsible to sb.对某人负责语境助记
(1)You have responsibility for clearing up the classroom after class.
下课后你负责打扫教室。
(2)But we just have to be responsible to ourselves.
但是，我们只需要对自己负责。题组训练
(1)The boy，rather than his friends， the accident.
这场事故是这个男孩的责任，而非他朋友的责任。
(2)Personally speaking，I think it is of great importance to have .
就个人而言，我认为有一种责任感是非常重要的。is responsible fora sense答案of responsibility(3)She has already tried her best and she is for her job.Please don’t be too about it.
A.responsibility；special
B.responsible；responsible
C.responsibly；unusual
D.responsible；particular
解析 be responsible for对……负责任；be particular about对……挑剔。D解析答案 People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.
人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这不一定是正确的。3.归纳拓展
(1)belief n.看法，信念
have belief in对……有信心
beyond belief难以置信的
(2)believe v.相信
believe it or not信不信由你语境助记
(1)I have much belief in his honesty.
我非常相信他的诚实。
(2)Believe it or not，I will marry Mary next month!
信不信由你，我和Mary下个月就要结婚了！题组训练
(1) (真令人难以置信) he could be so foolish!
(2)I asked my boss for a month’s holiday and， ，she agreed.
A.believing or not B.that is to say
C.believe it or not D.to believe it or not
解析 句意为：我向老板请了一个月的假，信不信由你，她同意了。believe it or not信不信由你。It’s beyond belief thatC解析答案 The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.
这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。4.归纳拓展
(1)operate vt.经营，管理；操作；vi.动手术；运转；起作用，见效
operate on sb.(for...) (因某病)给某人动手术
(2)operation n.运转，运行，操作
come/go into operation生效，实行语境助记
(1)This machine is very easy to operate.
这机器操作很简单。
(2)Doctors decided to operate on the patient at once.
医生们决定立刻对病人动手术。
(3)The new rules come into operation from next week.
这些新的规则将从下个星期起生效。题组训练
(1) according to the instructions，the robot can behave like a human being with average IQ.
A.When to operate B.When operating
C.When to be operated D.When operated
解析 句意为：当根据说明书操作时，机器人的行为可以像普通智商的人类。句中operate与逻辑主语the robot为被动关系，故用过去分词。故D项正确。D解析答案(2)Difficult in practice，this new technique hasn’t been applied.
A.operated B.to be operated
C.operating D.to operate
解析 句意为：因为这种新技术很难在实践中操作，所以它没有被应用。此处相当于because it is difficult to operate in practice，省略because it is之后就变成了 difficult to operate in practice。D解析答案 Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment.
林女士建议我们应当缩减生产量来拯救环境。5.归纳拓展
quantity n.数量
in quantity大量，大批，许多
quantities of＋名词＋谓语动词复数 许多……
a quantity of＋名词复数＋谓语动词复数/＋不可数名词＋谓语动词单数 大量……语境助记
(1)The steel works supplied us with raw material in large quantities.
那家钢铁厂给我们提供了大量原材料。
(2)Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.
去年大量的石油被用船运往了日本。
(3)A large quantity of food has been supplied to the flooded area.
大量的食品被提供给了洪水受灾地区。题组训练
(1)用所给词的正确形式填空
A quantity of land (be) wasted while quantities of victims (be) starving.
(2)—Why does the river smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water .
A.have polluted B.is being polluted
C.has been polluted D.have been polluted
解析 句意为：——这条河的河水为什么发臭啊？——因为大量的河水被污染了。large quantities of water中是large quantities作主语，故谓语动词用复数形式。选项D正确。isare解析答案D Asking around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment.
询问了周围的人，我发现很多人愿意付高一点儿的价格买环境友好型商品。6.归纳拓展
(1)willing adj.愿意的，乐意的
be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
(2)unwilling adj.不愿意的
be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事语境助记
(1)If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to lend a hand.
如果你有困难，迈克是很乐意向你伸出援手的。
(2)Is there any man unwilling to fight in defence of his country?
难道有谁不愿为保卫自己的国家而战吗？题组训练
(1)Do you know if Linda take charge of the program?
你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目吗？
(2) to accept his offer，she politely said that she could manage it by herself.
A.Willingly B.Willing
C.Unwillingly D.Unwilling
解析 句意为：因为不愿意接受他的帮助，她礼貌地说她自己可以解决。unwilling不愿意的，不情愿的，在句中作原因状语。is willing toD解析答案 Then we will open the floor for discussion.
之后我们将展开自由讨论。1.归纳拓展
open the floor自由发言
take the floor发言
have/get the floor取得发言权
give the floor to sb.让某人发言重点短语语境助记
(1)Now let’s open the floor.
现在我们自由发言。
(2)After they each had said a few words，Professor White took the floor.
他们每个人说了几句话之后，怀特教授开始发言。
(3)The president didn’t give me the chance to have the floor.
主席没有给我发言的机会。题组训练
(1) (谁发言) isn’t important to us.
(2)—Whom will the headteacher give the to in the class meeting tomorrow?
—Yang Xiaohui—our monitor.
A.words B.order
C.floor D.discussion
解析 give the floor to sb.让某人发言。CWho will take the floor解析答案 It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.
削减生产量，减少我们制造和购买东西的数量都是我们的责任。2.归纳拓展
cut back on减少，削减，缩减
cut down削减，缩减；砍倒
cut in插入；插话；插队；超车
cut sth.into sth.把……切成……
cut off切断，中断
cut out剪掉；戒掉；停止；删除语境助记
(1)The doctor advised you to cut back on smoking.
医生建议你少吸烟。
(2)In order to save money，they wanted to cut back on the cost.
为了节省资金，他们想削减成本。
(3)They were cut off from the outside world because of the storm.
由于暴风雨，他们被切断了与外界的联系。答案题组训练
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①First，cut the meat small pieces.
②They cut the big tree.
③Don’t cut when others are talking.
④I must cut smoking.intodowninout(2)If you completely foods and drinks that you love, you’ll only set yourself up to go on a large amount of those items later.
A.take out B.cut out
C.give out D.put out
解析 句意为：如果你完全停止你喜欢的饮料与食物，你只会导致自己在以后吃得更多。take out拿出；cut out 停止；give out分发；put out扑灭。B解析答案 The number of people in the world keeps growing，and we are producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials.
世界人口不断增长，我们制造的垃圾越来越多，并且即将用尽更多的原材料。3.归纳拓展
use up用完，一般用人作主语
run out一般以物作主语，表示该物已用光，以主动形式表示被动意义(be used up意义与run out相同)
run out of后接用光物品的名词，主语则是人或地区语境助记
(1)Who has used up/run out of the oil?
谁用光了石油？
(2)We should store some money before the money runs out.
趁着没把钱用光我们应当存一些。答案题组训练
(1)一句多译
汽油已经用光了。
①The petrol .
②The petrol .
③We .has run outhas been used uphave run out of/used up the petrol(2)Food supplies in the earthquake area .We must act immediately before there’s none left.
A.are being run out B.are running out
C.have run out D.have been run out
解析 run out用完，用尽，无被动形式，排除A、D两项。根据后半句可知食物快用完了，故用现在进行时表将来。B解析答案 The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
目前世界人口数量已是1800年的6倍。1.经典句式归纳拓展
倍数表达法：
英语中倍数主要由“基数词＋times”表示，“两倍”用twice。常用以下三种句型：
(1)倍数＋what从句
(2)倍数＋as...as(3)倍数＋比较级＋than
(4)倍数＋the size/height...of...语境助记
(1)This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
这个大厅比我们的教室大5倍。
(2)The production this year is five times what it was ten years ago.
今年的产量是十年前的五倍。
(3)The car factory can produce 3 times what it did five years ago.
这家轿车厂现在的产量是五年前的三倍。题组训练
(1)一句多译
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
①Asia is of Europe.
②Asia is as Europe.
③Asia is than Europe.four times the size答案four times as largethree times larger(2)In the Asian Games in South Korea，the Chinese team won
gold medals as Japan.
A.more than 3 times as many
B.3 times more than as
C.as many more than 3 times
D.as more than 3 times
解析 句意为：在韩国的亚运会上中国队赢得的金牌是日本队赢得金牌的三倍多。根据英语中的倍数表达法句型结构：A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词＋as＋B，判断选A。A解析答案 However，I do agree that we produce more things from materials that have been recycled，...
但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，……2.归纳拓展
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。语境助记
(1)To my great joy，the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
使我高兴的是，这棵植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
(2)He does work hard and finish the job in time.
他工作的确努力，并及时完成任务。
(3)Do come and see us some day.
务必在某一天来看我们。题组训练
(1) to me when you get there.
你到那儿后务必给我来信。
(2)—Did you ring her last night?
—Yes，I her，but she wasn’t at home.
A.really ring B.did ring
C.did rang D.do ring
解析 句意为：——你昨晚给她打电话了吗？——是的，我的确给她打电话了，但是她不在家。陈述句中动词前加助动词do起强调作用。结合语境可知下文描述的是过去的动作，故用did＋动词原形。Do writeB解析答案 What we need are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow.
我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，同时促进经济发展。3.归纳拓展
what在此处引导的是主语从句，引导主语从句的词还有that，whether，which，who，whose，whatever，whichever，how，why等。语境助记
(1)That everything in the world changes was often a theme in poetry of the Romantic Movement.
世界上的万物都是变化的，这常常是浪漫主义运动诗歌的主题。
(2)Whether he has been abroad or not doesn’t make much difference.
他是否出过国不重要。
(3)Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.
他们为什么突然消失了还是个谜。
(4)What was most important to her，she told me，was her family.
她告诉我对她最重要的东西是她的家庭。题组训练
(1) will get the prize.
你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。
we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
(2015·北京，35)
A.Where B.How
C.Why D.When
解析 考查名词性从句的引导词。句意为：我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉到的东西有很大关系。 分析句子结构可知“ we understand things”为主语从句，结合句意可知选B。Whichever of you gets here firstB解析答案答案People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.
句式分析：that引导的是this belief的 ，that在同位语从句中不作句子成分，只起 的作用。
自主翻译： 难句分析同位语从句引导词人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这不一定是正确的。返回