UNIT 5 What an adventure！
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.As is known to all， China is still in the （最初的） stage of socialism.
2.The outdoor concert in his honour in the centre of Paris was a （十足的） delight.
3.It is a great relief to see that people in the （边界） areas are living in peace.
4.Water is a compound containing the elements hydrogen and （氧气）.
5.It has been （证实） that eating too much fat does harm to our health.
6.For the convenience of the users， the library is divided into different z .
7.Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a c is not the same as being with friends.
8.He has broken the world record， t winning his first gold medal.
维度二：词形转换
1.Employed by the company she longed for， the girl was very （thrill）.
2.Jane’s birthday party turned out to be a （fail）， for few guests came to attend it.
3.The hotel will send you written （confirm） of your booking.
4.On National Day， the streets were （crowd） with a large number of people.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.I just wonder how you （成功说服） Peter to change his mind.
2.Once you （弄清楚） what the teacher explained to us， you will have no difficulty doing your homework.
3.The couple spent （一大笔钱） decorating their new house in the hope that it would be comfortable to live in.
4.Research has shown that having a preference to junk food can （导致） obesity.
5.Some people think that high school students （受益于） physical activity， while others believe that it is a waste of time.
6.It rained heavily in the south， （造成了严重的水灾） in several provinces.
7.He （试图说服） his father to allow him to do what he liked， but failed.
维度四：课文语法填空
Last year， hundreds of people spent a lot of money on climbing Qomolangma， even though they knew they would be challenged with different risks.For some people， climbing makes them feel 1. （power）.
George Mallory believed that we eat and make money 2. （enjoy） life.Sadly， this climber lost his life in 1924 when he 3. （climb） Qomolangma.4. is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top before it took his life.Alan Arnette， 5. climbed Qomolangma in 2011， held the idea that climbing brought 6. focus what was important to you in your life.He believed that there were a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.He added， “You have to focus on 7. one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It depends on the physical and mental 8. （tough） to push when you want to give up.”
With the majority of attempts 9. （result） either in total success or failure， is there a scientific reason？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature.Besides， people enjoy climbing because they expect to benefit from the result.
Therefore， it’s 10. （total） up to you whether you will take the risk of climbing Qomolangma.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber.He has climbed many high mountains in the world.Starting in 2015， he and his friends spent two years on an adventure in South America， covering 7，800 miles.He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn’t feel fulfilled.He asked himself， “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world？”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants， rocks and water samples （样本） from the places far away to do research.But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach — only the bravest adventurers can make it.Jerry thought himself could do something to help.He then came up with an idea.He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.By studying the samples， scientists could know more about the Earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma.The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme （极端的） conditions.
For Jerry， this kind of adventure is most satisfying.“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way.Now， being the best climber isn’t important for me， what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains.There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
1.What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean？（ ）
A.Satisfied. B.Lonely.
C.Patient. D.Worried.
2.Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures？（ ）
A.To make friends.
B.To help scientists.
C.To study plants.
D.To train scientists.
3.The adventures of Jerry and his friends had changed .（ ）
A.their hobbies B.their friendship
C.their understanding of life D.their living conditions
4.Which is the right order of the following events？ （ ）
①Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life on Mount Qomolangma.
②He and his friends spent two years on an adventure in South America.
③He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientist.
④He was even named Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine.
A.①③④② B.④①③②
C.②④①③ D.②④③①
B
On 7 May 2022， a mountain climber from Nepal set a new world record for climbing Mount Everest the most times.Kami Rita， who’s 52， has now climbed Mount Everest 26 times.
Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain.The mountain is so high that the air is thin.This makes it hard to breathe and remain active.The ice and snow on the mountain， along with cold temperatures and strong winds， make the climb difficult and dangerous.Over 300 people have died trying to climb Mount Everest.
Many of the most talented guides， like Kami Rita and Tenzing Norgay， are from a group of people called Sherpas.The Sherpas live in the Himalayan mountains.They have the knowledge and the skills needed to help foreign climbers become successful in their efforts.
Kami Rita comes from a mountain climbing family.Kami Rita has been climbing mountains for over 35 years.He climbed Mount Everest for the first time in 1994.Since then， he has climbed the mountain almost every year.
In 2019， Kami Rita broke his own record twice in less than a week.He climbed Mount Everest for the 23rd time on 15 May.Just six days later， he climbed it for the 24th time.
Though Kami Rita is an expert on Mount Everest， he’s also climbed many other high mountains in the Himalayas.He holds the world record for climbing the most mountains taller than 8，000 meters.In all， he’s climbed 38 mountains taller than 8，000 meters.
It’s not clear how long Kami Rita will continue to set climbing records.He has said that he could probably continue to climb until he’s sixty.He once said he would retire after climbing Mount Everest 25 times.
Kami Rita says he and his family became guides because they didn’t have money for an education.But he doesn’t want his own children to become climbing guides.He is happy that they can go to school and won’t need to be exposed to the risks and dangers of mountain climbing.
5.What is special about Kami Rita？（ ）
A.He tried climbing Mount Everest earliest.
B.He reached the top of Mount Everest first.
C.He is the oldest challenger of Mount Everest.
D.He conquered Mount Everest the most times.
6.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A.The real height of Mount Everest.
B.The natural conditions of Mount Everest.
C.The difficulty of climbing Mount Everest.
D.The popularity of climbing Mount Everest.
7.What happened to Kami Rita in 2019？（ ）
A.He climbed Mount Everest twice.
B.He began to climb Mount Everest.
C.He broke the world record for the first time.
D.He climbed other mountains in the Himalayas.
8.What does Kami Rita expect his children to do？（ ）
A.Climb Mount Everest.
B.Get a good education.
C.Become climbing guides.
D.Challenge what’s impossible.
C
20 July 2009 was the 40th anniversary of Apollo 11’s historic flight to the moon， where astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first human beings to walk on the moon.40 years ago， space flight inspired such awe （敬畏） that astronauts were honoured as heroes and celebrities.40 years later none of us， besides space fanatics （狂热者）， would likely to be able to name one astronaut in service today.
I got to thinking about the importance of continuing space exploration.I hear many people criticize the importance of NASA and space flight， most saying that it is a waste of time， and more importantly money.I disagree with such assessments.Space exploration is important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond， but it is also important for the future of the earth and all of us living on it.
The Apollo missions inspired a whole generation of kids who wanted to grow up to be astronauts， rocket scientists， and engineers.We all know that science education has been slightly lacking in the United States as of late.Don’t you think that NASA’s return to the moon， or more importantly the much anticipated manned mission to Mars will again inspire a whole new generation to reach for the stars so to speak？ I do.
You would think that the guys who burn a million pounds of rocket fuel wouldn’t be the most environmentally minded people in the world.However， most people don’t know that NASA does a lot of good environmental research while they are up there looking down at all of us.NASA has done a lot of work in studying air quality， climate change alternative energy， and near earth objects， which as we all know from the movies can destroy the earth any day now without warning， unless we have a group of oil drillers， a nuke， and Bruce Willis.
We cannot ignore the importance of space exploration， nor be complacent （自满的） in its meaning to all of us.I hope space exploration can continue to inspire， educate， and provide for us in the next 40 years as it has the last 40 years.
9.What can we learn from the text？（ ）
A.Armstrong was the first man to fly in space in the world.
B.Science education for American students is highly developed.
C.The author considers space flight as a waste of money and time.
D.People today won’t admire astronauts as much as they did 40 years ago.
10.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to？（ ）
A.Space exploration. B.NASA. C.Money. D.Humanity.
11.How does NASA make a difference to the environment？（ ）
A.By burning less rocket fuel.
B.By finding greener energy.
C.By changing climate.
D.By making space movies.
12.What’s the best title for the text？（ ）
A.How to Be an Astronaut
B.Where to Study Flight
C.Why to Explore Space
D.How to Do Space Research
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Just like every book， science fiction offers its readers a lot.13.（ ） Whatever your favourite genre （体裁） is， there’s no question that there are plenty of reasons to read sci-fi novels.Here are some of them.
Warnings.
Sci-fi novels often show a world that depicts （描绘） our possible future.If we keep mistreating the environment， for example， we’ll live in a world with little or no natural resources.14.（ ） Most sci-fi novels have a strong message about the way we’re living.
Stretch imagination.
Sci-fi novels differ from other genres， because they contain new types of people， places， and inventions to keep things fresh.15.（ ） Having a vivid imagination can have more benefits than you realize.So why not pick up a book and start reading？
What if.
It’s natural for humans to wonder what would happen if we had run society a different way in the past.These novels explore those ideas.16.（ ） People say that they want an alien invasion， but that’s not the truth.They just love reading about it and considering how the world would react if it did actually occur.
For fun.
17.（ ） When you have free time， you don’t want to waste it.If you like reading sci-fi novels because they give you enjoyment， then you need no other reason to do so.Do whatever makes you happiest！
If you’ve never read sci-fi novels before， you should give them a chance.
A.This can help you to expand your imagination.
B.There are plenty of sci-fi stories that aren’t just set in space.
C.The main reason you should read anything is that you enjoy it.
D.If we keep relying on technology， robots will take control over the world.
E.It is not only entertaining， but it can also teach you something about the world.
F.Some people admit they thought some sci-fi movies were based on actual events.
G.They give us a brief idea of what life might have been like if we had acted in a certain way.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.initial 2.sheer 3.border 4.oxygen 5.confirmed
6.zones 7.crowd 8.thus
维度二
1.thrilled 2.failure 3.confirmation 4.crowded
维度三
1.succeeded in persuading
2.figure out
3.good money
4.result in
5.benefit from
6.causing serious flooding
7.attempted to persuade
维度四
1.powerful 2.to enjoy 3.was climbing 4.It 5.who
6.into 7.the 8.toughness 9.resulting 10.totally
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运动员Jerry的故事。
1.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Although Jerry had achieved great success以及后面Jerry说的话可知，虽然Jerry取得了巨大的成功，但是他并没有感到满足。由此可知，画线单词意为“满意的，满足的”。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.可知，Jerry组建顶级探险队是为了帮助科学家。
3.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段Jerry说的话可知，Jerry和朋友们的冒险经历改变了他们对生活的理解。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句，第三段倒数第二句以及第四段第一句可知，本题事件的顺序是②④③①。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。
6.C 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段简要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的一些情况，主要说明攀登珠穆朗玛峰是非常之难。
7.A 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，2019年5月，Kami Rita两次成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰并两次打破自己的世界纪录。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Kami Rita不希望自己的孩子从事危险的登山行业，他最大的希望是让孩子接受良好的教育。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和重要性。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，今天的人们不如40年前的人们那样崇拜宇航员。
10.A 代词指代题。根据画线词前的句子Space exploration is important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond可推知，画线词it指代的是太空探索。
11.B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，NASA在环境保护方面也做了很多工作，比如研究替代能源。
12.C 标题归纳题。通读文章并结合后四段内容可知，作者着重介绍了继续太空探索的意义和重要性，即C项（为什么要进行太空探索）为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几个原因。
13.E 根据空前一句可知，和其他书一样，科幻小说的读者也受益良多。E项（它不仅有趣，还能教你去认识世界）对此做出进一步说明，符合语境。E项中的It指代空前的science fiction。
14.D 根据本段小标题Warnings.可知，本段介绍了科幻小说的警示作用，D项（如果我们继续依赖科技，那么机器人就会掌控这个世界）与小标题相呼应，符合语境，且D项与设空处前一句构成并列关系。
15.A 空前一句指出：科幻小说包含新的人物、地点和发明，给读者带来新鲜感；空后一句指出：拥有生动的想象力的好处比你意识到的要多，故A项（这有助于丰富你的想象力）符合语境。A项中的imagination与小标题和空后一句中的imagination是原词复现。
16.G 根据空前两句可知，人类总会好奇，如果我们的社会以前是以不同的方式运转的，那会发生什么事情呢？这就是科幻小说的内容。G项承接上文，进一步做出说明，符合语境。G项中的They指代空前一句中的These novels。
17.C 根据本段小标题For fun.可知，本段内容围绕乐趣展开，C项（你应该阅读的主要理由是你很欣赏它）符合语境。C项中的enjoy it与本段中的enjoyment和happiest相呼应。
5 / 5Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？
Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on①an experience [1]that they knew would include crowds②， discomfort③and danger.Many [2]would become sick， due to④the extreme cold and low air pressure， and a few would even lose their lives⑤.Yet， despite⑥ all this， by the end of⑦ the trip many were already planning to return.For these people，[3]climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， [4]making some feel weak and [5]others， powerful.
[1]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。
[2]would do ...表示过去将来时；become sick意为“生病”， become是系动词，形容词sick作表语。
[3]climbing Qomolangma是动词-ing短语作主语。
[4]making some feel weak ...是动词-ing短语作定语修饰前面的experience； make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”。
[5]others， powerful是省略成分，原句应该为making others powerful。
British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of⑧ climbing Qomolangma，“[6]What we get from this adventure is just sheer⑨ joy ... We do not live [7]to eat and make money.We eat and make money⑩ to be able to enjoy life.That is [8]what life means and what life is for.” Sadly， Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924， [9]although his body would not be found until many years later.[10]It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before it took his life .
[6]What引导主语从句，并在从句中作get的宾语。
[7]to eat and make money是并列状语，make前面省略了to。
[8]what life means and what life is for中两个what都引导表语从句。
[9]although引导让步状语从句，通常不和and， but， so连用。
[10]该句中It是形式主语，if从句是真正的主语。
In 2011，words similar to [11]those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette， [12]who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world .“It brings into focus [13]what’s important to you.” He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason [14]that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
[11]those是代词，指代前面提到的words。
[12]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Alan Arnette，补充说明这个人的情况。
[13]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。
[14]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且不可省略。
[15]With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure ， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars， as well as those who climb Qomolangma.He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill ”.
Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities， Farley said， “They’ll say， ‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
Research also [16]suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
With this in mind， are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks？ It’s totally up to you.
[15]with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，宾语是the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma，宾语补足语是resulting either in total success or failure。
[16]suggest此处意思是“表明”， that引导宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①spend money on
在……上花钱
②crowd n.人群
③discomfort n.不舒服；不安
④due to 由于
⑤lose one’s life
失去某人的生命
⑥despite prep.尽管，不管
⑦by the end of到……的结尾
⑧write of 写到；文章中提及
⑨sheer adj.纯粹的，十足的
⑩make money 赚钱
be able to do sth 有能力做某事
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
take one’s life 夺走某人的生命
（be） similar to与……相似
around the world全世界
bring ... into focus
使……成为焦点
turn around 转身
focus on 集中精力于
figure out 弄明白，搞清楚
as well as 和
attempt n.努力，尝试
either ...or ...
要么……要么……
failure n.失败
scientific adj.科学上的，与科学有关的
（be） more likely to 更有可能去……
be likely to do sth 有可能做某事
take risks冒险
psychologist n.心理学家
refer to ... as ...
把……称为……
stand for 代表
thrill n.惊险，刺激
be connected to 与……相关
benefit from
从……中获益
be up to由……决定
【参考译文】
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处有关。
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.The great difficulty in climbing Qomolangma.
B.Two different kinds of Qomolangma climbers.
C.People’s strong desire to climb Qomolangma.
D.The great risks of climbing Qomolangma.
2.What can be inferred from George Mallory’s words in Paragraph 2？（ ）
A.People care much about eating and making money.
B.It’s hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma.
C.Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma.
D.Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining the pleasure of life.
3.What did British mountain climber George Mallory think of climbing Qomolangma？（ ）
A.Make a living. B.Enjoy life.
C.Earn money. D.Make an adventure.
4.Which of the following personalities belongs to “Type T”？（ ）
A.Adventurous. B.Outgoing.
C.Honest. D.Intelligent.
5.What can you infer from the last paragraph？（ ）
A.Why people like to climb Qomolangma.
B.It’s worth climbing Qomolangma.
C.It depends on you whether to climb or not.
D.Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.
6.Which is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（ ）
A.To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared， as risks bring many benefits.
B.To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to climb Qomolangma.
C.To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma， as the risks outweigh the benefits.
D.To tell people that there are many stories about the people climbing Qomolangma.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the climbers’ subjective motive for adventure.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the scientific reasons for adventure.
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the “Type T” personalities.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.If you were given the chance， would you like to climb Qomolangma？Why or why not？
2.Do you agree with Mallory’s and Arnette’s opinions？Why？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
句式分析 that引导 从句，修饰先行词experience， they knew是 。
自主翻译
2.For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， making some feel weak and others， powerful.
句式分析 climbing Qomolangma为动词-ing短语作 ；making some feel weak and others， powerful为动词-ing短语作 。
自主翻译
3.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.
句式分析 to look deep inside yourself and figure out ...为动词不定式短语作宾语you的 ；if引导 从句；when引导 从句。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
crowd n.人群 vt.挤满，塞满；涌上心头
【教材原句】 Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
【用法】
（1）a crowd of 一群…… crowds of 大量的，成群的 （2）crowd into 挤入；涌入 crowd in on sb 涌上心头；涌入脑海 be crowded with 挤满了
【佳句】 The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/into my mind.我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。（友谊）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The conductor surrounded by a crowd people was eager to make a good impression on them.
②The meeting room was crowded people， some of whom were focusing on their mobile phones.
【写美】 补全句子
③With the memories her mind， she burst into tears.
回忆涌上心头，她突然哭了起来。
bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点
【教材原句】 It brings into focus what’s important to you.登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事。
【用法】
（1）focus on/upon 集中（注意力、精力等）于 focus/fix one’s attention on/upon sth 把注意力集中到…… （2）the focus of attention 关注的焦点 （3）keep/stay focused 保持专注/集中注意力
【佳句】 My newly-made short video became the focus of attention， making me an instant hit.
我新制作的短视频成了关注的焦点，使我一炮而红。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He has a strong desire to be admitted to a key university， and that’s why he focuses his attention his study day after day.
②The issue of plastic pollution （bring） into focus by the documentary， prompting many to change their habits.
【写美】 补全句子
③The lecture will the history and development of Chinese characters.
讲座的主题是汉字的历史和演变。（通知）
turn around 转身；（使企业、经济等）好转
【教材原句】 There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.
纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。
【用法】
turn ...into ... 把……变成…… turn up/down 开大，调大；出现/关小，调小；拒绝 turn on/off 打开/关掉 turn over 翻转；移交；仔细考虑 turn out 制造，生产；结果是 It turns out that ... 结果是……；证明是……
【佳句】 The new headmaster has really turned the school around in the past year.
新任校长在过去的一年里确实使学校有了起色。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①What upset me was that my application for the job was turned .
②We had to turn and find another path to the destination， which took us several hours to finish the trip.
【写美】 补全句子
③ helping others realise their dreams makes me more pleasant.
事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。（主旨升华句）
figure out 理解；弄明白；计算出
【教材原句】 It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【用法】
（1）figure on 期待；指望，依赖 figure sth in 将某事物包括在内/计算在内 figure that ... 认为……，认定…… （2）keep one’s figure 保持（优美的）身材 have a good figure 有一个好身材
【佳句】 Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy.
只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。（建议信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I have figured the cost of food and drink for our holiday.
②I can’t figure him helping me with my homework because he is always busy.
【写美】 补全句子
③To help foreign students better our tea culture， we took them to the tea room in our school.
为了帮助外国学生更好地了解我们的茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学校的茶室。（活动介绍）
attempt n.努力，尝试 v.努力，尝试，试图
【教材原句】 With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做某事 at one’s/the first attempt （某人）第一次尝试 in an/one’s attempt to do sth 为了做某事 （2）attempt to do sth 企图做某事，尝试做某事 （3）attempted adj. 未遂的 attempted robbery 抢劫未遂
【佳句】 I attempted to pass the exam， but it was too difficult.
我试图通过考试，但实在太难了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①John made an attempt （say） something to the professor， only to find the professor was surrounded by many students.
②Some experts call for a change of lifestyle in an attempt （solve） the environmental problems.
【写美】 补全句子
③If you fail ， there is no need to be upset about it.
如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要为此沮丧。（鼓励信）
result in导致，造成
【教材原句】 With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）result from 由于；由……造成 （2）as a result 因此，结果 as a result of 作为……的结果；因为…… with the result that ... 结果是……
【佳句】 At first， we all disagreed with him.As a result， he was right.Afterwards， we became good friends.最初，我们都不赞成他的观点。结果，他是对的。后来，我们成了好朋友。
【助记】 图解“因果”
【练透】 对比填空（result in/result from）
①I sincerely hope what I have done will not any discomfort to you.
②As far as I’m concerned， her failure in the competition her attitude.
【写美】 同义句转换
③The match was postponed to the next day because of bad weather.
→The weather was bad. ， the match was postponed to the next day.
④There was so much homework that we had to stay at home.
→We had to stay at home so much homework.
failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）
【教材原句】 With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）end in failure 以失败而告终 heart failure 心脏衰竭 （2）fail v. 失败；不及格；出故障 fail to do sth 做某事失败；没能做成某事 fail in 在某方面失败 （3）failed adj. 失败的
【佳句】 As the old saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success.”
俗话说：“失败是成功之母。”
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He is in a state of deep depression on account of his （fail） to pass the examination.
②I’m sorry that I failed （go） out with you last weekend.
【写美】 补全句子
③ when she wanted to express her thanks to the twins.
当他们的母亲想向双胞胎道谢时，她不知道说什么好。（情感描写）
stand for 代表；支持；容忍，忍受
【教材原句】 He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
【用法】
（1）stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持 stand out 显著；突出 stand up 站立；站起来 stand up for 维护，替……说话 （2）can’t stand sth/doing sth 不能忍受（做）某事
【佳句】 For instance， we can find that the festivals are full of red which stands for celebration， happiness， and long life.
举个例子，我们可以发现节日里充满了红色，红色代表着喜庆、幸福和长寿。
【练透】 语境辨义
①We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries.
②I can’t believe that you can stand for these naughty children.
【写美】 补全句子
③Having been painted red， the building against the rest and looks attractive.
因为被刷成了红色，这幢楼在楼群中很显眼，看起来很吸引人。
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
【教材原句】 Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451－1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲。
【用法】
（1）动词-ing短语作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动词发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果，有时其前可加thus表示强调。 （2）动词不定式短语作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only表示强调。
【品悟】 This meaningful activity not only helps us relax ourselves but also makes us get close to nature， leaving us to experience the joy of labour.
这个有意义的活动不仅帮助我们放松自我，而且让我们亲近大自然，让我们体验劳动的快乐。
【写美】 微写作
①这个心理学家匆忙赶到办公室，却发现他的钥匙丢了。
The psychologist hurried to his office， his keys missing.
②这首歌在全国被传唱，这使它成为学生中最受欢迎的一首歌。
The song is sung all over the country， among students.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.crowds 2.appeals to 3.enjoy life 4.brings into focus 5.human nature 6.Type T 7.be connected 8.up to you
第二步
1－6 CDBACB
第三步
1.（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
2.（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
3.（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
第四步
1.Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
2.I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer nature.
第五步
1.定语 插入语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
2.主语 结果状语
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
3.补足语 宾语 时间状语
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①of ②with ③crowding into
2.①on/upon ②was brought ③focus on/upon
3.①down ②around ③It turns out that
4.①in ②on ③figure out
5.①to say ②to solve ③at the first attempt
6.①result in ②resulted from ③As a result ④as a result of
7.①failure ②to go ③Words failed their mother
8.①支持 ②容忍，忍受 ③stands out
重点句型解构
①only to find ②making it the most popular one
11 / 11(共115张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？
Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on①an experience
[1]that they knew would include crowds②， discomfort③and
danger.Many [2]would become sick， due to④the extreme cold and low
air pressure， and a few would even lose their lives⑤.Yet， despite⑥ all
this， by the end of⑦ the trip many were already planning to return.For
these people，[3]climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other，
[4]making some feel weak and [5]others， powerful.
[1]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。
[2]would do ...表示过去将来时；become sick意为“生病”，
become是系动词，形容词sick作表语。
[3]climbing Qomolangma是动词-ing短语作主语。
[4]making some feel weak ...是动词-ing短语作定语修饰前面的
experience； make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”。
[5]others， powerful是省略成分，原句应该为making others
powerful。
【读文清障】
①spend money on在……上花钱
②crowd n.人群
③discomfort n.不舒服；不安
④due to 由于
⑤lose one’s life失去某人的生命
⑥despite prep.尽管，不管
⑦by the end of到……的结尾
British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of⑧ climbing
Qomolangma，“[6]What we get from this adventure is just sheer⑨
joy ... We do not live [7]to eat and make money.We eat and make
money⑩ to be able to enjoy life.That is [8]what life means and what life
is for.” Sadly， Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924，
[9]although his body would not be found until many years later.[10]It is
still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma
before it took his life .
[6]What引导主语从句，并在从句中作get的宾语。
[7]to eat and make money是并列状语，make前面省略了
to。
[8]what life means and what life is for中两个what都引导表
语从句。
[9]although引导让步状语从句，通常不和and， but， so连
用。
[10]该句中It是形式主语，if从句是真正的主语。
⑧write of 写到；文章中提及
⑨sheer adj.纯粹的，十足的
⑩make money 赚钱
be able to do sth有能力做某事
succeed in doing sth成功做某事
take one’s life夺走某人的生命
In 2011，words similar to [11]those of Mallory were spoken by
American mountain climber Alan Arnette， [12]who climbed
Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains
around the world .“It brings into focus [13]what’s important to
you.” He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and
only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason
[14]that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep
inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as
mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
[11]those是代词，指代前面提到的words。
[12]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Alan Arnette，补充
说明这个人的情况。
[13]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。
[14]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且不可省略。
（be） similar to与……相似
around the world全世界
bring ... into focus使……成为焦点
turn around 转身
focus on 集中精力于
figure out 弄明白，搞清楚
as well as 和
[15]With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting
either in total success or failure ， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be
part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than
others.Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who
jump out of planes and drive fast cars， as well as those who climb
Qomolangma.He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type
T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill ”.
Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，
Farley said， “They’ll say， ‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an
expert ...’They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
Research also [16]suggests that our desire to seek risks can be
connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
With this in mind， are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth
the risks？ It’s totally up to you.
[15]with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，宾语是the
majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma，宾语补足语是resulting
either in total success or failure。
[16]suggest此处意思是“表明”， that引导宾语从句。
attempt n.努力，尝试
either ...or ...要么……要么……
failure n.失败
scientific adj.科学上的，与科学有关的
（be） more likely to更有可能去……
be likely to do sth有可能做某事
take risks冒险
psychologist n.心理学家
refer to ... as ...把……称为……
stand for 代表
thrill n.惊险，刺激
be connected to 与……相关
benefit from从……中获益
be up to由……决定
【参考译文】
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人
愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至
有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计
划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的
体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从
这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣
钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目
标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年
后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一
年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让
你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你
回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重
要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身
体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险
行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类
天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰
克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的
人。他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会
说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也
不认为自己会死。”
研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处
有关。
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？
答案完全取决于你自己。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A. The great difficulty in climbing Qomolangma.
B. Two different kinds of Qomolangma climbers.
C. People’s strong desire to climb Qomolangma.
D. The great risks of climbing Qomolangma.
2. What can be inferred from George Mallory’s words in Paragraph 2？
（ ）
A. People care much about eating and making money.
B. It’s hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma.
C. Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma.
D. Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining the pleasure of life.
3. What did British mountain climber George Mallory think of climbing
Qomolangma？（ ）
A. Make a living. B. Enjoy life.
C. Earn money. D. Make an adventure.
4. Which of the following personalities belongs to “Type T”？
（ ）
A. Adventurous. B. Outgoing.
C. Honest. D. Intelligent.
5. What can you infer from the last paragraph？（ ）
A. Why people like to climb Qomolangma.
B. It’s worth climbing Qomolangma.
C. It depends on you whether to climb or not.
D. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.
6. Which is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（ ）
A. To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared， as risks
bring many benefits.
B. To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to
climb Qomolangma.
C. To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma，
as the risks outweigh the benefits.
D. To tell people that there are many stories about the people climbing
Qomolangma.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
climbers’ subjective motive for adventure.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，
“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep
going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most
important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself
and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental，
toughness to push when you want to stop.”
（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not
live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy
life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not
live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy
life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，
“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep
going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most
important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself
and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental，
toughness to push when you want to stop.”
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
scientific reasons for adventure.
（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human
nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be
connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human
nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be
connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
3. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
“Type T” personalities.
（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”，
with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，
Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an
expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”，
with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，
Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an
expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. If you were given the chance， would you like to climb
Qomolangma？Why or why not？
Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
2. Do you agree with Mallory’s and Arnette’s opinions？Why？
I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may
want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer
nature.
Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may
want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer
nature.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that
they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
句式分析 that引导 定语 从句，修饰先行词experience， they
knew是 插入语 。
自主翻译 明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年
仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
定语
插入语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年
仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
2. For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no
other， making some feel weak and others， powerful.
句式分析 climbing Qomolangma为动词-ing短语作 主语 ；
making some feel weak and others， powerful为动词-ing短语作 结
果状语 。
自主翻译 对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的
体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
主语
结
果状语
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的
体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
3. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really
have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you
want to stop.
句式分析 to look deep inside yourself and figure out ...为动词不定式
短语作宾语you的 补足语 ；if引导 宾语 从句；when引
导 时间状语 从句。
自主翻译 它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和
心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
补足语
宾语
时间状语
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和
心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
crowd n.人群 vt.挤满，塞满；涌上心头
【教材原句】 Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an
experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and
danger.
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意
为此花费大价钱。
【用法】
（1）a crowd of 一群……
crowds of 大量的，成群的
（2）crowd into 挤入；涌入
crowd in on sb 涌上心头；涌入脑海
be crowded with 挤满了
【佳句】 The happy memory of getting along with my best friend
crowded in on me/into my mind.
我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。（友谊）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The conductor surrounded by a crowd of people was eager to make
a good impression on them.
②The meeting room was crowded with people， some of whom were
focusing on their mobile phones.
of
with
【写美】 补全句子
③With the memories crowding into her mind， she burst into tears.
回忆涌上心头，她突然哭了起来。
crowding into
bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点
【教材原句】 It brings into focus what’s important to you.登山让你
聚焦于对你而言重要的事。
【用法】
（1）focus on/upon 集中（注意力、精力等）于
focus/fix one’s attention on/upon sth
把注意力集中到……
（2）the focus of attention 关注的焦点
（3）keep/stay focused 保持专注/集中注意力
【佳句】 My newly-made short video became the focus of attention，
making me an instant hit.
我新制作的短视频成了关注的焦点，使我一炮而红。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He has a strong desire to be admitted to a key university， and that’s
why he focuses his attention on/upon his study day after day.
②The issue of plastic pollution was brought （bring） into focus by
the documentary， prompting many to change their habits.
on/upon
was brought
【写美】 补全句子
③The lecture will focus on/upon the history and development of
Chinese characters.
讲座的主题是汉字的历史和演变。（通知）
focus on/upon
turn around 转身；（使企业、经济等）好转
【教材原句】 There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only
one to keep going.
纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。
turn ...into ... 把……变成……
turn up/down 开大，调大；出现/关小，调小；拒绝
turn on/off 打开/关掉
turn over 翻转；移交；仔细考虑
turn out 制造，生产；结果是
It turns out that ... 结果是……；证明是……
【用法】
【佳句】 The new headmaster has really turned the school around in
the past year.
新任校长在过去的一年里确实使学校有了起色。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①What upset me was that my application for the job was
turned down .
②We had to turn around and find another path to the destination，
which took us several hours to finish the trip.
down
around
【写美】 补全句子
③ It turns out that helping others realise their dreams makes me more
pleasant.
事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。（主旨升华句）
It turns out that
figure out 理解；弄明白；计算出
【教材原句】 It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out
if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push
when you want to stop.它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的
身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【用法】
（1）figure on 期待；指望，依赖
figure sth in 将某事物包括在内/计算在内
figure that ... 认为……，认定……
（2）keep one’s figure 保持（优美的）身材
have a good figure 有一个好身材
【佳句】 Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you
keep your figure as well as stay healthy.只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻
炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。（建议信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I have figured in the cost of food and drink for our holiday.
②I can’t figure on him helping me with my homework because he is
always busy.
in
on
【写美】 补全句子
③To help foreign students better figure out our tea culture， we took
them to the tea room in our school.
为了帮助外国学生更好地了解我们的茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学
校的茶室。（活动介绍）
figure out
attempt n.努力，尝试 v.努力，尝试，试图
【教材原句】 With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma
resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为
的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做某事
at one’s/the first attempt （某人）第一次尝试
in an/one’s attempt to do sth 为了做某事
（2）attempt to do sth 企图做某事，尝试做某事
（3）attempted adj. 未遂的
attempted robbery 抢劫未遂
【佳句】 I attempted to pass the exam， but it was too difficult.
我试图通过考试，但实在太难了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①John made an attempt to say （say） something to the professor，
only to find the professor was surrounded by many students.
②Some experts call for a change of lifestyle in an attempt to solve
（solve） the environmental problems.
to say
to solve
【写美】 补全句子
③If you fail at the first attempt ， there is no need to be upset about
it.
如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要为此沮丧。（鼓励信）
at the first attempt
result in导致，造成
【教材原句】 With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma
resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为
的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）result from 由于；由……造成
（2）as a result 因此，结果
as a result of 作为……的结果；因为……
with the result that ... 结果是……
【佳句】 At first， we all disagreed with him.As a result， he was
right.Afterwards， we became good friends.
最初，我们都不赞成他的观点。结果，他是对的。后来，我们成了好
朋友。
【助记】 图解“因果”
【练透】 对比填空（result in/result from）
①I sincerely hope what I have done will not result in any discomfort
to you.
②As far as I’m concerned， her failure in the competition resulted
from her attitude.
result in
resulted
from
【写美】 同义句转换
③The match was postponed to the next day because of bad weather.
→The weather was bad. As a result ， the match was postponed to the
next day.
④There was so much homework that we had to stay at home.
→We had to stay at home as a result of so much homework.
As a result
as a result of
failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）
【教材原句】 With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma
resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为
的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）end in failure 以失败而告终
heart failure 心脏衰竭
（2）fail v. 失败；不及格；出故障
fail to do sth 做某事失败；没能做成某事
fail in 在某方面失败
（3）failed adj. 失败的
【佳句】 As the old saying goes，“Failure is the mother of
success.”
俗话说：“失败是成功之母。”
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He is in a state of deep depression on account of his failure （fail）
to pass the examination.
②I’m sorry that I failed to go （go） out with you last weekend.
failure
to go
【写美】 补全句子
③ Words failed their mother when she wanted to express her thanks to
the twins.
当他们的母亲想向双胞胎道谢时，她不知道说什么好。（情感描写）
Words failed their mother
stand for 代表；支持；容忍，忍受
【教材原句】 He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type
T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
（1）stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持
stand out 显著；突出
stand up 站立；站起来
stand up for 维护，替……说话
（2）can’t stand sth/doing sth 不能忍受（做）某事
【用法】
【佳句】 For instance， we can find that the festivals are full of red
which stands for celebration， happiness， and long life.
举个例子，我们可以发现节日里充满了红色，红色代表着喜庆、幸福
和长寿。
【练透】 语境辨义
①We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries.
支持
②I can’t believe that you can stand for these naughty children.
容忍，忍受
【写美】 补全句子
③Having been painted red， the building stands out against the rest
and looks attractive.
因为被刷成了红色，这幢楼在楼群中很显眼，看起来很吸引人。
支持
容忍，忍受
stands out
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
【教材原句】 Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian
explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus
marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451－1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了
西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲。
【用法】
（1）动词-ing短语作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动
词发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果，有时其前可加thus表示强
调。
（2）动词不定式短语作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加
only表示强调。
【品悟】 This meaningful activity not only helps us relax ourselves but
also makes us get close to nature， leaving us to experience the joy of
labour.
这个有意义的活动不仅帮助我们放松自我，而且让我们亲近大自然，
让我们体验劳动的快乐。
【写美】 微写作
①这个心理学家匆忙赶到办公室，却发现他的钥匙丢了。
The psychologist hurried to his office， only to find his keys
missing.
only to find
②这首歌在全国被传唱，这使它成为学生中最受欢迎的一首歌。
The song is sung all over the country， making it the most popular
one among students.
making it the most popular
one
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. As is known to all， China is still in the initial （最初的） stage
of socialism.
2. The outdoor concert in his honour in the centre of Paris was a sheer
（十足的） delight.
3. It is a great relief to see that people in the border （边界） areas
are living in peace.
initial
sheer
border
4. Water is a compound containing the elements hydrogen
and oxygen （氧气）.
5. It has been confirmed （证实） that eating too much fat does
harm to our health.
6. For the convenience of the users， the library is divided into different
zones .
7. Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a
crowd is not the same as being with friends.
8. He has broken the world record， thus winning his first gold medal.
oxygen
confirmed
ones
rowd
hus
维度二：词形转换
1. Employed by the company she longed for， the girl was
very thrilled （thrill）.
2. Jane’s birthday party turned out to be a failure （fail）， for few
guests came to attend it.
3. The hotel will send you written confirmation （confirm） of your
booking.
4. On National Day， the streets were crowded （crowd） with a
large number of people.
thrilled
failure
confirmation
crowded
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. I just wonder how you succeeded in persuading （成功说服）
Peter to change his mind.
2. Once you figure out （弄清楚） what the teacher explained to
us， you will have no difficulty doing your homework.
3. The couple spent good money （一大笔钱） decorating their new
house in the hope that it would be comfortable to live in.
4. Research has shown that having a preference to junk food can result
in （导致） obesity.
succeeded in persuading
figure out
good money
result
in
5. Some people think that high school students benefit from （受益
于） physical activity， while others believe that it is a waste of time.
6. It rained heavily in the south， causing serious flooding （造成了
严重的水灾） in several provinces.
7. He attempted to persuade （试图说服） his father to allow him to
do what he liked， but failed.
benefit from
causing serious flooding
attempted to persuade
维度四：课文语法填空
Last year， hundreds of people spent a lot of money on climbing
Qomolangma， even though they knew they would be challenged with
different risks.For some people， climbing makes them feel
1. powerful （power）.
powerful
George Mallory believed that we eat and make money 2. to enjoy
（enjoy） life.Sadly， this climber lost his life in 1924 when he 3. was
climbing （climb） Qomolangma.4. It is still not known if he
succeeded in reaching the top before it took his life.Alan Arnette，
5. who climbed Qomolangma in 2011， held the idea that climbing
brought 6. into focus what was important to you in your life.He
believed that there were a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to
keep going.He added， “You have to focus on 7. the one reason
that’s most important and unique to you.It depends on the physical and
mental 8. toughness （tough） to push when you want to give up.”
to enjoy
was
climbing
It
who
into
the
toughness
With the majority of attempts 9. resulting （result） either in
total success or failure， is there a scientific reason？Recent studies
indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature.Besides， people
enjoy climbing because they expect to benefit from the result.
Therefore， it’s 10. totally （total） up to you whether you
will take the risk of climbing Qomolangma.
resulting
totally
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber.He has climbed many high
mountains in the world.Starting in 2015， he and his friends spent two
years on an adventure in South America， covering 7，800 miles.He was
even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in
2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn’t feel
fulfilled.He asked himself， “Is it enough to climb the highest
mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my
adventures into something that can help the world？”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants， rocks and water samples
（样本） from the places far away to do research.But scientists can’t get
there themselves as such places are hard to reach — only the bravest
adventurers can make it.Jerry thought himself could do something to
help.He then came up with an idea.He set up a team of top adventures to
collect samples for scientists.By studying the samples， scientists could
know more about the Earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special
plant life of Mountain Qomolangma.The samples they brought back have
helped scientists how plants live in extreme （极端的） conditions.
For Jerry， this kind of adventure is most satisfying.“Such
adventures had made us see life in a different way.Now， being the best
climber isn’t important for me， what matters is doing something helpful
while climbing the mountains.There is still much more we can do.” Jerry
said to a newspaper.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运
动员Jerry的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运
动员Jerry的故事。
1. What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（ ）
A. Satisfied. B. Lonely.
C. Patient. D. Worried.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Although Jerry had
achieved great success以及后面Jerry说的话可知，虽然Jerry取得了
巨大的成功，但是他并没有感到满足。由此可知，画线单词意为
“满意的，满足的”。
2. Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures？（ ）
A. To make friends. B. To help scientists.
C. To study plants. D. To train scientists.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的He set up a team of top
adventures to collect samples for scientists.可知，Jerry组建顶级探险
队是为了帮助科学家。
3. The adventures of Jerry and his friends had changed .
（ ）
A. their hobbies
B. their friendship
C. their understanding of life
D. their living conditions
解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段Jerry说的话可知，Jerry和朋
友们的冒险经历改变了他们对生活的理解。
4. Which is the right order of the following events？ （ ）
①Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life
on Mount Qomolangma.
②He and his friends spent two years on an adventure in South
America.
③He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientist.
④He was even named Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography
magazine.
A. ①③④② B. ④①③②
C. ②④①③ D. ②④③①
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句，第三段倒数第二句
以及第四段第一句可知，本题事件的顺序是②④③①。
B
On 7 May 2022， a mountain climber from Nepal set a new world
record for climbing Mount Everest the most times.Kami Rita， who’s
52， has now climbed Mount Everest 26 times.
Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain.The mountain is so
high that the air is thin.This makes it hard to breathe and remain
active.The ice and snow on the mountain， along with cold temperatures
and strong winds， make the climb difficult and dangerous.Over 300
people have died trying to climb Mount Everest.
Many of the most talented guides， like Kami Rita and Tenzing
Norgay， are from a group of people called Sherpas.The Sherpas live in
the Himalayan mountains.They have the knowledge and the skills needed
to help foreign climbers become successful in their efforts.
Kami Rita comes from a mountain climbing family.Kami Rita has
been climbing mountains for over 35 years.He climbed Mount Everest for
the first time in 1994.Since then， he has climbed the mountain almost
every year.
In 2019， Kami Rita broke his own record twice in less than a
week.He climbed Mount Everest for the 23rd time on 15 May.Just six
days later， he climbed it for the 24th time.
Though Kami Rita is an expert on Mount Everest， he’s also
climbed many other high mountains in the Himalayas.He holds the world
record for climbing the most mountains taller than 8，000 meters.In all，
he’s climbed 38 mountains taller than 8，000 meters.
It’s not clear how long Kami Rita will continue to set climbing
records.He has said that he could probably continue to climb until he’s
sixty.He once said he would retire after climbing Mount Everest 25 times.
Kami Rita says he and his family became guides because they didn’t
have money for an education.But he doesn’t want his own children to
become climbing guides.He is happy that they can go to school and
won’t need to be exposed to the risks and dangers of mountain climbing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山
者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经
成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山
者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经
成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。
5. What is special about Kami Rita？（ ）
A. He tried climbing Mount Everest earliest.
B. He reached the top of Mount Everest first.
C. He is the oldest challenger of Mount Everest.
D. He conquered Mount Everest the most times.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Kami Rita创造了攀
登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰
26次。
6. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（ ）
A. The real height of Mount Everest.
B. The natural conditions of Mount Everest.
C. The difficulty of climbing Mount Everest.
D. The popularity of climbing Mount Everest.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段简要介绍了珠
穆朗玛峰的一些情况，主要说明攀登珠穆朗玛峰是非常之难。
7. What happened to Kami Rita in 2019？（ ）
A. He climbed Mount Everest twice.
B. He began to climb Mount Everest.
C. He broke the world record for the first time.
D. He climbed other mountains in the Himalayas.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，2019年5月，Kami
Rita两次成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰并两次打破自己的世界纪录。
8. What does Kami Rita expect his children to do？（ ）
A. Climb Mount Everest.
B. Get a good education.
C. Become climbing guides.
D. Challenge what’s impossible.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Kami Rita不希望
自己的孩子从事危险的登山行业，他最大的希望是让孩子接受良好
的教育。
C
20 July 2009 was the 40th anniversary of Apollo 11’s historic flight
to the moon， where astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became
the first human beings to walk on the moon.40 years ago， space flight
inspired such awe （敬畏） that astronauts were honoured as heroes and
celebrities.40 years later none of us， besides space fanatics （狂热
者）， would likely to be able to name one astronaut in service today.
I got to thinking about the importance of continuing space
exploration.I hear many people criticize the importance of NASA and
space flight， most saying that it is a waste of time， and more
importantly money.I disagree with such assessments.Space exploration is
important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond， but it is
also important for the future of the earth and all of us living on it.
The Apollo missions inspired a whole generation of kids who wanted
to grow up to be astronauts， rocket scientists， and engineers.We all
know that science education has been slightly lacking in the United States
as of late.Don’t you think that NASA’s return to the moon， or more
importantly the much anticipated manned mission to Mars will again
inspire a whole new generation to reach for the stars so to speak？ I do.
You would think that the guys who burn a million pounds of rocket
fuel wouldn’t be the most environmentally minded people in the
world.However， most people don’t know that NASA does a lot of good
environmental research while they are up there looking down at all of
us.NASA has done a lot of work in studying air quality， climate change
alternative energy， and near earth objects， which as we all know from
the movies can destroy the earth any day now without warning， unless we
have a group of oil drillers， a nuke， and Bruce Willis.
We cannot ignore the importance of space exploration， nor be
complacent （自满的） in its meaning to all of us.I hope space
exploration can continue to inspire， educate， and provide for us in the
next 40 years as it has the last 40 years.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和
重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和
重要性。
9. What can we learn from the text？（ ）
A. Armstrong was the first man to fly in space in the world.
B. Science education for American students is highly developed.
C. The author considers space flight as a waste of money and time.
D. People today won’t admire astronauts as much as they did 40 years
ago.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，今天的人们不
如40年前的人们那样崇拜宇航员。
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
（ ）
A. Space exploration. B. NASA.
C. Money. D. Humanity.
解析： 代词指代题。根据画线词前的句子Space exploration is
important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond可推
知，画线词it指代的是太空探索。
11. How does NASA make a difference to the environment？（ ）
A. By burning less rocket fuel.
B. By finding greener energy.
C. By changing climate.
D. By making space movies.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，NASA在环境
保护方面也做了很多工作，比如研究替代能源。
12. What’s the best title for the text？（ ）
A. How to Be an Astronaut
B. Where to Study Flight
C. Why to Explore Space
D. How to Do Space Research
解析： 标题归纳题。通读文章并结合后四段内容可知，作者
着重介绍了继续太空探索的意义和重要性，即C项（为什么要进
行太空探索）为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Just like every book， science fiction offers its readers a lot.13.
（ ） Whatever your favourite genre （体裁） is， there’s no
question that there are plenty of reasons to read sci-fi novels.Here are
some of them.
Warnings.
Sci-fi novels often show a world that depicts （描绘） our possible
future.If we keep mistreating the environment， for example， we’ll
live in a world with little or no natural resources.14.（ ） Most sci-fi
novels have a strong message about the way we’re living.
Stretch imagination.
Sci-fi novels differ from other genres， because they contain new
types of people， places， and inventions to keep things fresh.15.
（ ） Having a vivid imagination can have more benefits than you
realize.So why not pick up a book and start reading？
What if.
It’s natural for humans to wonder what would happen if we had run
society a different way in the past.These novels explore those ideas.16.
（ ） People say that they want an alien invasion， but that’s not the
truth.They just love reading about it and considering how the world would
react if it did actually occur.
For fun.
17. （ ） When you have free time， you don’t want to waste
it.If you like reading sci-fi novels because they give you enjoyment， then
you need no other reason to do so.Do whatever makes you happiest！
If you’ve never read sci-fi novels before， you should give them a
chance.
A. This can help you to expand your imagination.
B. There are plenty of sci-fi stories that aren’t just set in space.
C. The main reason you should read anything is that you enjoy it.
D. If we keep relying on technology， robots will take control over the
world.
E. It is not only entertaining， but it can also teach you something about
the world.
F. Some people admit they thought some sci-fi movies were based on
actual events.
G. They give us a brief idea of what life might have been like if we had
acted in a certain way.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几
个原因。
13. E 根据空前一句可知，和其他书一样，科幻小说的读者也受益
良多。E项（它不仅有趣，还能教你去认识世界）对此做出进一步说
明，符合语境。E项中的It指代空前的science fiction。
14. D 根据本段小标题Warnings.可知，本段介绍了科幻小说的
警示作用，D项（如果我们继续依赖科技，那么机器人就会掌控这
个世界）与小标题相呼应，符合语境，且D项与设空处前一句构成
并列关系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几
个原因。
15. A 空前一句指出：科幻小说包含新的人物、地点和发明，给读
者带来新鲜感；空后一句指出：拥有生动的想象力的好处比你意识到
的要多，故A项（这有助于丰富你的想象力）符合语境。A项中的
imagination与小标题和空后一句中的imagination是原词复现。
16. G 根据空前两句可知，人类总会好奇，如果我们的社会以前是
以不同的方式运转的，那会发生什么事情呢？这就是科幻小说的内
容。G项承接上文，进一步做出说明，符合语境。G项中的They指代
空前一句中的These novels。
17. C 根据本段小标题For fun.可知，本段内容围绕乐趣展开，C项
（你应该阅读的主要理由是你很欣赏它）符合语境。C项中的enjoy it
与本段中的enjoyment和happiest相呼应。
谢谢观看！
