单元质量检测（六） Disaster and hope
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Why does the woman fail to go to the party？（ ）
A.She’s been invited to a rock concert.
B.She wants to meet her friends.
C.She has to write a report.
2.What did the woman go to London for？（ ）
A.A tour. B.A vacation. C.A business trip.
3.What does the man ask the woman to have？（ ）
A.Orange juice. B.Some biscuits. C.A hamburger.
4.What can we know about the woman？（ ）
A.She is annoyed about something.
B.She is worried about the man.
C.She is satisfied with everything.
5.Where does the conversation take place？（ ）
A.In a café. B.On a plane. C.In a hospital.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（ ）
A.Husband and wife. B.Manager and secretary. C.Brother and sister.
7.What’s their problem？（ ）
A.They have no time to go to a movie tonight.
B.Debbie has refused to babysit for them.
C.They can’t find a good babysitter easily.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Which place is the nearest to the woman now？（ ）
A.Waterfront Park. B.Harbor Street. C.A hotel.
9.How is the woman likely to go to her destination？（ ）
A.By subway. B.On foot. C.By bus.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the woman’s favourite subject？（ ）
A.Spanish. B.Art. C.History.
11.What is the woman planning to do straight after leaving school？（ ）
A.Work as a journalist. B.Start university. C.Go travelling.
12.How does the woman feel about her future career？（ ）
A.Hesitant. B.Certain. C.Hopeless.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Where are the speakers going？（ ）
A.To a bar. B.To a dance club. C.To a restaurant.
14.What does the woman say about the man’s jeans？（ ）
A.They are too big. B.They look old. C.They are in style.
15.According to the woman， what looks like a dead animal？（ ）
A.The man’s jacket. B.The man’s hat. C.The man’s shirt.
16.What is the woman crazy about？（ ）
A.Painting pictures. B.Baseball. C.Fancy clothing brands.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Which products are 10% off？（ ）
A.Men’s shoes. B.Women’s socks. C.Bathroom items.
18.Where can soda be found？（ ）
A.In Row Nine. B.In Row Seven. C.In Row Six.
19.Which food is being served in Row Eight？（ ）
A.Pasta. B.Baked chicken. C.Fruit salad.
20.Who will help people find what they want？（ ）
A.Chefs. B.The speaker. C.Workers in the red shirts.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nobody expects a natural disaster to strike.Neither does anyone know the impact it can have on life.The following measures can save your life in an emergency.
Typhoon
Typhoons occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean， particularly in exposed regions like the Caroline Islands， the Philippines， and Japan.The best place to hide during a typhoon is a secure basement or a bathroom with no windows.A must-have device is a battery-powered weather radio， through which you will hear evacuation orders or in other cases， instructions on how to survive in your shelter and learn about the weather situation.
Flood
Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change the landscape dramatically.They are usually caused by intense rainfalls lasting for days.Don’t try to be the bravest person around and stay in your house.Once you hear the evacuation warning， leave for safer higher grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container.
Avalanche
An avalanche can hit when you are enjoying Alpine skiing in a dreamlike location.It is very fast and disastrous， burying everything in its way under tons of snow.When an avalanche starts， try to move to the side of the slope as fast as you can.If you get buried in the snow， dig an air pocket to be able to keep breathing.Wait for the rescue team to find you and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically.Call out when you bear the team approaching.
Wildfire
Wildfires spread at an amazing speed and destroy everything in their way.If you are caught in a wild fire， use a wet cloth to cover your nose and mouth to ensure that you can breathe.Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river.Stay low and cover yourself with wet clothing， a blanket， or soil until the fire passes.
21.What should people trapped in flood probably do when they hear the evacuation orders？（ ）
A.Bring an umbrella with them. B.Go to higher places.
C.Call out for help loudly. D.Get a torch in case of a blackout.
22.Among the four natural disasters， which one requires people to run against the wind？（ ）
A.Typhoon. B.Flood.
C.Avalanche. D.Wildfire.
23.What do we know from the text？（ ）
A.Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
B.Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters mentioned.
C.Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute they’re trapped.
D.Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfires， despite the difficulty.
B
The world is lucky when our most brilliant minds choose to work for the common good.Young Ryan Honary is among one of the brilliant minds.
Shocked by the deaths in the 2018 Camp Fire， California’s frightening wildfire， Honary turned his attention to how to decrease future disasters.In 2019， Honary won a $10，000 prize in the Ignite Innovation Student Challenge for his early wildfire detection network， which provides app technology for firefighters.He was only in fifth grade at the time.
Turning 14 years old and going into the eighth grade this year， Honary is busy working in SensoRy AI， the company he set up.With the help of his father and a team of experts， the company has received a lot of attention.
Honary started creating websites when he was in third grade.He learned Python and JavaScript in a local after-school program.At the same time， he was interested in animals and the environment.He became worried as he saw how much the environment was under pressure.
When wildfires started ruining the air quality， destroying homes and killing some people， Honary thought about how AI can be used to solve environmental problems such as wildfires.In order to get data to train the machine learning models on his fire detectors， he collected real-world data from Google Earth about the Camp Fire of 2018 in California.Once a fire is detected by a fire detector， the information can be sent to the app he created.Also， machine learning can be used to predict where the fires are going.
Honary is hoping to attract more people from his generation to his company.He believes the environment is going to be a big responsibility for all of us.
24.What can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3？（ ）
A.Honary’s detecting network was free.
B.Honary gained many awards in 2019.
C.Honary’s company is facing serious challenges.
D.Honary is young but makes amazing achievements.
25.Why did Honary invent the detector？（ ）
A.To make a fortune. B.To enlarge his company.
C.To save firefighters. D.To reduce wildfire disasters.
26.How did Honary train the machine learning models on detectors？（ ）
A.By creating websites.
B.By collecting data.
C.By taking an after-school program.
D.By sending information to the app.
27.Which of the following can best describe Honary？（ ）
A.Gifted and humorous. B.Curious and confident.
C.Creative and responsible. D.Friendly and intelligent.
C
The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires， believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest.Many of us can recall Smoky the Bear’s famous warning：“Remember， only YOU can prevent forest fires.” However， that’s not always the case.Under the right conditions， and when conducted safely， fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger， uncontrollable wildfires.
After a forest fire， many wildlife species will move into recently burned areas to feed on these newly available foods.Some reptiles and amphibians such as the snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire.As Herbert Stoddard put it，“One of the most harmful things modern man has done to birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine （松树） forests.Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes， lose their prairie-like vegetation （草原般植被） and can no longer support birds which depend on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.”
If you are asked to picture the forest floor， what do you see？ Pine needles， cones， leaves， branches might come to mind — all sources of fuel.If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal， the “fuel load” can lead to fires which are huge disasters to forests and people alike.In contrast， prescribed fires can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at a proper and manageable level.They can also greatly reduce the spread of pest insects and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species.Plus， they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of trees， wildflowers and other various plants.
Many organizations work to promote fire on the landscape.Smoky the Bear even has an updated warning： “Only YOU can prevent wildfires，” as the Forest Service has over the last few decades developed policies and measures to include prescribed fire as a useful tool， as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight wildfires.
28.What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard？（ ）
A.Forest bushes. B.Periodic burning.
C.Fuel sources. D.Pine forests.
29.What does the underlined word “prescribed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（ ）
A.Frequent. B.Wild.
C.Planned. D.Damaging.
30.Why do forest professionals need to conduct fire every couple of years according to the passage？（ ）
A.To keep the forest in balance.
B.To keep the fuel rich in the forest.
C.To put out wildfires.
D.To remove tree and plant species.
31.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？（ ）
A.To prevent the use of prescribed fire in the forest.
B.To promote the complete exclusion of fire from forests.
C.To educate people on positive aspects of controlled fires.
D.To encourage the public to remove sources of forest fuels.
D
A heatwave has hit many countries in Europe， pushing temperatures over 40℃.A heatwave is a long period of unusually hot weather.The heat is expected to continue until the end of July.
The Italian Island of Sardinia reached 46℃ on 18 July.The Italy government has asked people to dress in linen（a thin， light material） and to stay indoors between 10 am and 6 pm.The government has asked people to drink plenty of water but avoid alcohol， fizzy drinks and coffee， which can make you feel thirstier.In Rome， the country’s capital， people aged over 70 can go to swimming pools for free to help them keep cool.
Wildfires have broken out in many places.In Greece， which recorded 41℃ on 18 July， fires near the capital， Athens， have destroyed huge areas of forest and thousands of people have been moved to safety.Heatwaves can make fires worse because hot weather dries plants， which fuel the fires.
In the US， temperatures in Death Valley， California， hit 53℃ on 18 July， close to the hottest ever recorded on Earth.On 16 July， the US National Weather Service issued warnings in parts of the country， affecting more than 80 million people.
Despite the high temperatures in many European countries， the UK is not experiencing a heatwave.This is because a different weather pattern has brought rain and lower temperatures to the UK.
The heatwave in Europe is being caused by a weather pattern that has stopped the air from moving very much.That means the hot， dry weather has got stuck and temperatures have kept rising.Earth is also experiencing a natural climate pattern called El Nino（厄尔尼诺）， which causes the water in the eastern Pacific Ocean to warm up more than usual.This can lead to hot weather around the world.Temperatures in some parts of Europe were expected to fall on 20 July.
32.What suggestion did the Italian government give to avoid high temperatures？ （ ）
A.Provide free swimming pools to keep young people cool.
B.Wear thick clothes to prevent the invasion of heat.
C.Drink enough amounts of coffee to keep the mind clear.
D.Don’t go outdoors during high temperature periods.
33.What do we know about the wildfires in Greece？（ ）
A.The fires were mainly caused by people.
B.The heatwaves fueled the spread of wildfires.
C.The fires had already killed a thousand people.
D.The entire forest has been destroyed into ruins.
34.What prevented the UK from experiencing the heatwaves of Europe？（ ）
A.Different weather patterns. B.Different geographic locations.
C.Global El Nino phenomenon. D.The effect of the Pacific Ocean.
35.What is the main idea of this passage？（ ）
A.The hottest city on record in the world has finally emerged.
B.The hot weather caused by heatwaves is coming to an end.
C.Heatwaves swept across Europe and America except the UK.
D.The El Nino phenomenon led to the global high temperatures.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together.The Earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds.36.（ ） In other words， earthquakes are the shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by the Earth’s rocky outer layer.The energy stored within is suddenly released.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening.If an unpopulated region is struck， there will be low loss of life or property.37.（ ） Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now.Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
38.（ ） Fortunately， however， most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale （震级）.But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale， can cause millions of dollars in damage.
39.（ ） In 1972， a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua， Nicaragua.Fifteen years later， the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit， because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the money necessary to rebuild it.
The shaking of the Earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster.40.（ ） In the 1906 earthquake， it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage.An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys， causing floods to sweep away everything in their path.
A.Actually， there are several million small earthquakes every year.
B.It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.
C.Throughout history， there are numerous destructive big earthquakes.
D.If it hits a large city， there may be many injuries and much destruction.
E.So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the Earth plates.
F.If one plate is slowly forced under the other， pressure builds up until the plates break apart.
G.The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
About twenty years ago， Jeff Fister was driving his 12-year-old son to school on a busy morning.His little baby was also in the backseat.He 41 at one of the city’s busiest street， and the light turned green.
“Suddenly， out of nowhere， a car 42 into the back of our car，” he recalled.“We began to spin around （旋转） while the other car landed upside down.”
They were 43 but uninjured.When they got out of the car， his little baby 44 crying.“It was unbearable，” he said.
Fister found himself 45 at a street corner， directly across from a medical center.There were lots of people 46 to work.Then he turned around and saw a woman who was wearing a healthcare 47 appear from the crowd， holding out her 48 .
“She could see I was pretty scared，” he recalled.“And I just 49 the baby to her.It was really instinctive，” he said.After Fister started making phone calls and speaking to the police， he turned around and looked at the broken car window.
“And I realized how 50 we were，” he said.
When things calmed down， the woman handed his child back to Fister.She gave him a little wave and then 51 in the crowd.
Since then， the woman’s act of 52 has become more and more meaningful to Fister.It has 53 him that the world is full of goodness， and people who want to help.
“I don’t necessarily 54 all the angel stuff，”Fister said， “but certainly， I think there are people who decide to help someone out， just 55 simple acts of kindness like that woman did for me.”
41.A.reached B.arrived
C.passed D.rushed
42.A.crashed B.changed
C.broke D.looked
43.A.worried B.nervous
C.frightened D.excited
44.A.brought out B.picked out
C.let out D.burst out
45.A.lying B.sitting
C.standing D.smiling
46.A.by the way B.in the way
C.in this way D.on the way
47.A.hat B.uniform
C.sweater D.suit
48.A.arms B.legs
C.feet D.shoulders
49.A.offered B.handed
C.sent D.brought
50.A.fortunate B.delighted
C.ambitious D.comfortable
51.A.sighed B.nodded
C.disappeared D.wept
52.A.generosity B.bravery
C.wisdom D.determination
53.A.informed B.told
C.warned D.reminded
54.A.persuade B.convince
C.believe D.encourage
55.A.practicing B.performing
C.behaving D.defending
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In May 2021， Congo’s Mount Nyiragongo， one of the world’s most dangerous volcanoes， burst to life without warning.Lava erupted from cracks and 56. （stream） down the mountain toward cities below， 57. （leave） hundreds dead， missing or injured.
Now， using data from monitoring stations， 58. were built near the volcano in 2015， researchers have pieced together how that eruption happened so 59. （sudden）.The data also suggests the event could have been deadlier and people should 60. （well） understand this volcano’s particular dangers before the next eruption.The mountain sits near 61. eastern border of Congo， threatening both the Congolese city of Goma 62. the Rwandan city of Gisenyi.Nyiragongo’s last two eruptions were both strong enough 63. （feel） by people living nearby.64. ， before the eruption on 22 May 2021， even the sensitive monitoring stations near the volcano didn’t notice clear warning 65. （sign） of lava on the move underground.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周六下午你校举行了消防逃生演练（fire drill）。请你就这次演练给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.消防讲座；
2.逃生演练；
3.你的评价。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
A Fire Drill in Our School
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room.Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside.It had been raining non-stop for three days.She had never seen a storm this bad.It was making her nervous.The wind roared， and the rain beat on the roof and windows.Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio， while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
“Mum， Dad，” said Mary suddenly， “I think we should leave here right away！”
“No，” said Dad.“It’s too late！ The radio says the city has already been flooded.”
“We can drive our car through the floodwater！ Let’s just leave！ I’m really scared！” cried Mary.“We can’t do that， honey，” explained Mum， “otherwise the moving water could wash the car away！”
Mary walked to the door.She was curious to see how much water there was outside.
“Don’t open the door！” shouted Mum and Dad at the same time.“The water may flood in！”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door， in case the floodwater forced the door open.Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa.“Mary， don’t worry.Everything’s going to be OK，” she said softly， trying her best to comfort Mary.Her voice was calm， but Mary could tell she was worried too.
Without saying a single word， Dad walked to the sofa， sat down and hugged his wife and daughter.The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside.What could they do？
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
After a brief discussion， Mum and Dad made a decision.
Finally， the rain stopped.
单元质量检测（六） Disaster and hope
第一部分
1－5 CCAAB 6－10 ACCBA
11－15 CBBBA 16－20 BBAAC
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Would you like to come to our party tonight？You’ll enjoy some new rock music and meet some of your old friends.
W：That sounds great， but I’m afraid I can’t manage it as I have to finish my report.
（Text 2）
M：How about having a vacation in Paris this weekend？
W：Sorry.I need a rest， for I’ll have another business trip there next Monday.
M：Another？You just had one in London last week.
（Text 3）
M：I’m very tired.Let’s have a rest and eat something.Would you like some orange juice？
W：Yes， thanks.I have some biscuits with me.Want to have a try？
M：No.Thank you anyway.I prefer a hamburger of my own.
（Text 4）
M：How have things been going recently？
W：Horribly！I’ve always been down.It seems as if the whole world was against me！
M：That’s how things go sometimes.Don’t worry.Everything will get better.
（Text 5）
M：Excuse me.Can I have a glass of water， please？
W：Certainly.Is there anything else that you need？
M：I wonder if you have anything for a headache.I’m feeling kind of airsick.
W：I’m sorry to hear that.I’ll give you some pills.
（Text 6）
M：Honey， can you get a babysitter for tonight？
W：Why do we do that？
M：Well， I thought we could go out for dinner and then go to a movie afterwards.
W：Good idea！I can ask Debbie if she could help us.
M：Well， do that， and then call me at the office if you have any luck.
W：Okay， but don’t get your hopes up.It’s hard to find a good babysitter these days.
（Text 7）
W：What’s the best way to get to Waterfront Park from here？Can I take the subway？
M：No.You can catch the number 34 bus in front of that hotel.Get off at Harbor Street.Actually，it’s just a short walk from here.
W：Really？How far is it？
M：About ten or fifteen minutes’ walk.
W：That’s quite short.Thank you very much.
M：That’s OK.
（Text 8）
M：So， next year you’re going to start your A levels.Which subject are you going to choose？
W：I’m surely going to choose Spanish because it is my favourite subject and then I’m not really sure ...I’d like to do art but I don’t know if it’s very useful for my career.
M：What do you want to do？
W：A journalist.That has been my dream since my childhood.So，I guess history or psychology or something is probably more useful for my career.
M：Do you want to go to university？
W：Yeah， but I’m not going to start university straight after I leave school.I’m planning to have a gap year， you know， a break from studying for a while.
M：And what would you like to do in your gap year？Any ideas？
W：I want to travel ...I’d like to go to Italy and learn Italian.I don’t know if it’s really practical but that’s my dream！
（Text 9）
W：Uh， where do you think you’re going？
M：We’re going to the new club， right？Oh！I can’t wait to go to the dance floor and ...
W：Ha！You’re not seriously going out like that， are you？
M：Yeah， I know I look good！Just let me get my jacket ...
W：Jason， you look ridiculous！Your jeans are too tight， and they look like they were washed too many times ...back in the 80s！And why are you wearing that funny hat？
M：What？You’ve never heard of the New York Yankees？
W：I’m a huge baseball fan.I know who the Yankees are！But why are you wearing that hat backwards？How old are you，ten years old？ And that jacket looks like a dead animal.
M：Well，it’s not like you’re dressed up or anything ...
W：Exactly！I’m wearing comfortable clothes that are actually in style！See how I’m wearing colours that actually match？You’re trying way hard to look cool.
M：Whatever ...
W：Please， just put on something simple before you scare some children ...
（Text 10）
Hello， shoppers！Thank you so much for coming into Save Mart today.We have some great savings for you this afternoon.Head on over to Row Six for 50% off for all bathroom items.Apples and oranges in Row Seven are “buy one box， and get the next box free”.Women’s socks are 10% off， and all men’s winter shoes are 20% off.In Row Nine， we are selling three packs of soda for the price of two.
That’s it for sales today， but if you spend over one hundred dollars， you get an additional twenty-five dollars off.Our amazing in-store chefs have also set up food stands all over the store.Head to the back of the store to try our baked chicken.We have pasta in Row Eight and fruit salad near the vegetable section.The chefs will happily give you a free sample， so you can try anything you like！If you need help finding something， just look for the people in the red shirts.We are here to serve you！Thank you so much for choosing to shop at Save Mart.We hope you have a wonderful experience and save a lot of money！Have a great day！
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在遇到自然灾害时应该如何挽救自己的生命。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Flood部分中的最后一句可知，被困在洪水中的人们，一旦听到疏散警告可能会转移到更安全的高地。
22.D 细节理解题。根据Wildfire部分中的Try to stay upwind of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river.可知，人们被困野火时需要逆风跑。
23.B 细节理解题。根据Flood部分中的第一句可知，在文中提到的灾害中，洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改变了地貌。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻的Ryan Honary发明了人工智能火灾探测器，降低了伤亡率。
24.D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句可推知，Honary很年轻，但却取得了惊人的成就。
25.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Honary发明探测器是为了减少野火灾害。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，Honary通过收集数据在检测器上训练机器学习模型。
27.C 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句以及最后一段内容可推知，Honary有创造力和责任心。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。公众对森林火灾其实存在误解，适当条件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的野火。
28.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中Herbert Stoddard所说的话可知，对Herbert Stoddard而言，周期性的燃烧对鸟类是有益的，为它们提供食物和适当掩护。
29.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文can be used by forest ...and manageable level可知，专业人员使用这种火有固定的频率，目的是更好地管控森林燃料。结合所给选项可推知，画线词意思应该与Planned （有计划的）相近，这是人为事先计划好的火。
30.A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这种火灾可以帮助森林生态系统清理有害的、不需要的生物，促进有益的生物生长。由此可知，森林专业人员这样做是为了保持森林的平衡。
31.C 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，作者想破除公众对森林火灾存在的误解，向读者普及正确的理解：适当条件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的野火。因此，作者的写作目的是教育人们了解受控制的火灾的积极影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热浪袭击欧洲以及各地政府采取的措施。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，意大利政府建议高温时期不要到户外活动。
33.B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，热浪助长了野火的蔓延。
34.A 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，不同的天气模式使英国没有经历欧洲的热浪。
35.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了热浪袭击欧洲以及各地政府采取的措施。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震形成的原因、影响等。
36.F 根据上文可知，本空与“运动导致地震”有关。F项（如果一个板块被慢慢压在另一个板块下面，压力就会积聚起来，直到板块破裂）承接上文，符合语境。
37.D 根据空后两句可知，本空与“大地震袭击人口众多地区”有关。D项（如果它袭击一个大城市，可能会有很多人受伤和造成很大破坏）引起下文，符合语境。
38.A 根据空后一句可知，本空与“小地震”有关。A项（事实上，每年都有几百万次小地震）引起下文，符合语境。
39.G 根据下文可知，本空与“地震后持续数年的影响”有关。G项（地震的毁灭性破坏可能在第一次地震后持续数年）引起下文，符合语境。
40.B 根据空后两句可知，本空与“地震引发的火灾和洪水的破坏”有关。B项（火灾和洪水往往造成最大的破坏）引起下文，符合语境。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jeff Fister在一次送孩子上学的路上遭遇车祸，一个善良的、素不相识的医护人员伸出援手，这件事让他感触颇多。Fister认为世界充满了善意和善良的人，并决定传达这份善意。
41.B 根据上文Jeff Fister was driving his 12-year-old son to school on a busy morning可知，Fister开车到了这条街。
42.A 根据下文We began to spin around （旋转） while the other car landed upside down.可知发生了车祸，两车相撞。
43.C 根据上文可知，车被撞得打转，另外一辆车直接被撞翻了。由此可知，他们受惊了。
44.D 根据下文It was unbearable可知，车祸比较严重，孩子和大人都感到害怕，孩子大哭起来。
45.C 根据上文When they got out of the car可知，Fister下车之后发现自己站在街角。
46.D 车祸发生在早上Fister送孩子上学的路上。由此可知，有很多人在去工作的路上。
47.B 当时很多人在去工作的路上，而且车祸发生的附近有一家医院，所以一位穿着医疗工作制服的女士出现在人群中。
48.A 根据下文And I just 49 the baby to her.可知，女士伸出了手。
49.B 根据下文the woman handed his child back to Fister可知，此处表示Fister把孩子递给她。
50.A 根据上文he turned around and looked at the broken car window可知，他们遭遇车祸，车窗都被撞碎了，幸运的是人安然无恙。
51.C 根据上文She gave him a little wave and then可知，一切结束之后，这位善良的女士离开了。
52.A 根据上文holding out her 48 可知，在Fister遭遇车祸的时候，这位善良的女士慷慨地伸出援助之手。
53.D 根据下文the world is full of goodness ... to help可知，这件事一直提醒Fister这个世界充满了善意和善良的人。
54.C 根据下文but certainly， I think there are people who decide to help someone out可知，Fister虽然不相信天使这样的事情，但相信有善良的人。
55.B 根据下文like that woman did for me可知，此处表示做善事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。2021年5月，世界上最危险的火山之一——刚果的尼拉贡戈火山在毫无征兆的情况下爆发了，文章分析了这次火山爆发的原因和危害。
56.streamed 考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列谓语，前后时态一致，由erupted可知，空格处所在句子时态是一般过去时，故填streamed。
57.leaving 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是erupted and streamed，空格处用非谓语动词，空前所描述的内容和leave之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此空格处用动词-ing形式作状语，故填leaving。
58.which 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词monitoring stations指物，因此空格处用关系代词which。
59.suddenly 考查词形转换。空格处修饰动词happened，应用副词，故填suddenly。
60.better 考查比较级。由前面的deadlier可知，空格处用比较级，故填better。
61.the 考查冠词。eastern border of Congo意为“刚果东部边境”，前面需加定冠词表特指，故填the。
62.and 考查连词。both ... and ...是固定搭配，故填and。
63.to be felt 考查非谓语动词和语态。 “be＋形容词＋enough to do”是固定短语，意为“足以做某事”，由by可知，空格处用不定式的被动语态，故填to be felt。
64.However 考查副词。空前后两句之间是转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用However，位于句首，首字母大写。
65.signs 考查名词的数。sign是可数名词，意为“信号”，此处表示不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填signs。
第四部分
第一节
A Fire Drill in Our School
In order to raise our safety awareness， our school held a fire drill last Saturday afternoon.All the teachers and students took part in the drill.
At first， some firefighters were invited to give a speech.They showed us what to do in case of a fire， how to prevent the fire and how to use different kinds of fire-fighting equipment.Then a fire drill was held.As soon as the alarm rang， all of us students ran downstairs in order.We finally got together at the playground safely， where our teachers were waiting for us.
Through the drill， we have learned how to escape in an emergency.I think it is important for us to remain calm and know what to do.
第二节
After a brief discussion， Mum and Dad made a decision.They believed that they should stay in the house.They thought it would be really dangerous to try to walk through the water to get to higher ground.“Mary， we’ll have to go upstairs and wait there，” said Mum.“OK， Mum.If that’s what you think is best，” Mary replied uncertainly.So they went upstairs and waited.Downstairs， water started flooding into the living room and kitchen.All three of them were nervous， but at least they had disaster supplies， including food and drinking water.
Finally， the rain stopped.But Mary and her family couldn’t leave while the house was still flooded.They listened to the radio and learnt that rescue workers in boats were coming to rescue people who were trapped in their homes.They waited for a boat to arrive at their house.Their home had been badly damaged， but they were all happy to be alive.About half an hour later， the boat arrived and took Mary and her parents to a safe place.
9 / 9(共98张PPT)
单元质量检测（六） Disaster and hope
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回
答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman fail to go to the party？（ ）
A. She’s been invited to a rock concert.
B. She wants to meet her friends.
C. She has to write a report.
2. What did the woman go to London for？（ ）
A. A tour. B. A vacation. C. A business trip.
3. What does the man ask the woman to have？（ ）
A. Orange juice.
B. Some biscuits.
C. A hamburger.
4. What can we know about the woman？（ ）
A. She is annoyed about something.
B. She is worried about the man.
C. She is satisfied with everything.
5. Where does the conversation take place？（ ）
A. In a café.
B. On a plane.
C. In a hospital.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（ ）
A. Husband and wife.
B. Manager and secretary.
C. Brother and sister.
7. What’s their problem？（ ）
A. They have no time to go to a movie tonight.
B. Debbie has refused to babysit for them.
C. They can’t find a good babysitter easily.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Which place is the nearest to the woman now？（ ）
A. Waterfront Park.
B. Harbor Street.
C. A hotel.
9. How is the woman likely to go to her destination？（ ）
A. By subway. B. On foot. C. By bus.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the woman’s favourite subject？（ ）
A. Spanish. B. Art. C. History.
11. What is the woman planning to do straight after leaving school？
（ ）
A. Work as a journalist.
B. Start university.
C. Go travelling.
12. How does the woman feel about her future career？（ ）
A. Hesitant. B. Certain. C. Hopeless.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers going？（ ）
A. To a bar.
B. To a dance club.
C. To a restaurant.
14. What does the woman say about the man’s jeans？（ ）
A. They are too big.
B. They look old.
C. They are in style.
15. According to the woman， what looks like a dead animal？（ ）
A. The man’s jacket.
B. The man’s hat.
C. The man’s shirt.
16. What is the woman crazy about？（ ）
A. Painting pictures.
B. Baseball.
C. Fancy clothing brands.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which products are 10％ off？（ ）
A. Men’s shoes.
B. Women’s socks.
C. Bathroom items.
18. Where can soda be found？（ ）
A. In Row Nine.
B. In Row Seven.
C. In Row Six.
19. Which food is being served in Row Eight？（ ）
A. Pasta.
B. Baked chicken.
C. Fruit salad.
20. Who will help people find what they want？（ ）
A. Chefs.
B. The speaker.
C. Workers in the red shirts.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Would you like to come to our party tonight？You’ll enjoy some
new rock music and meet some of your old friends.
W：That sounds great， but I’m afraid I can’t manage it as I have to
finish my report.
（Text 2）
M：How about having a vacation in Paris this weekend？
W：Sorry.I need a rest， for I’ll have another business trip there next
Monday.
M：Another？You just had one in London last week.
（Text 3）
M：I’m very tired.Let’s have a rest and eat something.Would you like
some orange juice？
W：Yes， thanks.I have some biscuits with me.Want to have a try？
M：No.Thank you anyway.I prefer a hamburger of my own.
（Text 4）
M：How have things been going recently？
W：Horribly！I’ve always been down.It seems as if the whole world
was against me！
M：That’s how things go sometimes.Don’t worry.Everything will get
better.
（Text 5）
M：Excuse me.Can I have a glass of water， please？
W：Certainly.Is there anything else that you need？
M：I wonder if you have anything for a headache.I’m feeling kind of
airsick.
W：I’m sorry to hear that.I’ll give you some pills.
（Text 6）
M：Honey， can you get a babysitter for tonight？
W：Why do we do that？
M：Well， I thought we could go out for dinner and then go to a movie
afterwards.
W：Good idea！I can ask Debbie if she could help us.
M：Well， do that， and then call me at the office if you have any luck.
W：Okay， but don’t get your hopes up.It’s hard to find a good
babysitter these days.
（Text 7）
W：What’s the best way to get to Waterfront Park from here？Can I take
the subway？
M：No.You can catch the number 34 bus in front of that hotel.Get off at
Harbor Street.Actually，it’s just a short walk from here.
W：Really？How far is it？
M：About ten or fifteen minutes’ walk.
W：That’s quite short.Thank you very much.
M：That’s OK.
（Text 8）
M：So， next year you’re going to start your A levels.Which subject are
you going to choose？
W：I’m surely going to choose Spanish because it is my favourite
subject and then I’m not really sure ...I’d like to do art but I don’t
know if it’s very useful for my career.
M：What do you want to do？
W：A journalist.That has been my dream since my childhood.So，I
guess history or psychology or something is probably more useful for my
career.
M：Do you want to go to university？
W：Yeah， but I’m not going to start university straight after I leave
school.I’m planning to have a gap year， you know， a break from
studying for a while.
M：And what would you like to do in your gap year？Any ideas？
W：I want to travel ...I’d like to go to Italy and learn Italian.I don’t
know if it’s really practical but that’s my dream！
（Text 9）
W：Uh， where do you think you’re going？
M：We’re going to the new club， right？Oh！I can’t wait to go to the
dance floor and ...
W：Ha！You’re not seriously going out like that， are you？
M：Yeah， I know I look good！Just let me get my jacket ...
W：Jason， you look ridiculous！Your jeans are too tight， and they look
like they were washed too many times ...back in the 80s！And why are
you wearing that funny hat？
M：What？You’ve never heard of the New York Yankees？
W：I’m a huge baseball fan.I know who the Yankees are！But why are
you wearing that hat backwards？How old are you，ten years old？ And
that jacket looks like a dead animal.
M：Well，it’s not like you’re dressed up or anything ...
W：Exactly！I’m wearing comfortable clothes that are actually in
style！See how I’m wearing colours that actually match？You’re trying
way hard to look cool.
M：Whatever ...
W：Please， just put on something simple before you scare some
children ...
（Text 10）
Hello， shoppers！Thank you so much for coming into Save Mart
today.We have some great savings for you this afternoon.Head on over to
Row Six for 50％ off for all bathroom items.Apples and oranges in Row
Seven are “buy one box， and get the next box free”.Women’s socks
are 10％ off， and all men’s winter shoes are 20％ off.In Row Nine，
we are selling three packs of soda for the price of two.
That’s it for sales today， but if you spend over one hundred
dollars， you get an additional twenty-five dollars off.Our amazing in-
store chefs have also set up food stands all over the store.Head to the back
of the store to try our baked chicken.We have pasta in Row Eight and fruit
salad near the vegetable section.The chefs will happily give you a free
sample， so you can try anything you like！If you need help finding
something， just look for the people in the red shirts.We are here to serve
you！Thank you so much for choosing to shop at Save Mart.We hope you
have a wonderful experience and save a lot of money！Have a great day！
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
Nobody expects a natural disaster to strike.Neither does anyone know
the impact it can have on life.The following measures can save your life in
an emergency.
Typhoons occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean， particularly in
exposed regions like the Caroline Islands， the Philippines， and
Japan.The best place to hide during a typhoon is a secure basement or a
bathroom with no windows.A must-have device is a battery-powered
weather radio， through which you will hear evacuation orders or in other
cases， instructions on how to survive in your shelter and learn about the
weather situation.
Typhoon
Floods occur more often than any other natural disaster and change
the landscape dramatically.They are usually caused by intense rainfalls
lasting for days.Don’t try to be the bravest person around and stay in
your house.Once you hear the evacuation warning， leave for safer higher
grounds with your important papers in a waterproof container.
Flood
An avalanche can hit when you are enjoying Alpine skiing in a
dreamlike location.It is very fast and disastrous， burying everything in
its way under tons of snow.When an avalanche starts， try to move to the
side of the slope as fast as you can.If you get buried in the snow， dig an
air pocket to be able to keep breathing.Wait for the rescue team to find you
and don’t waste your energy shouting or digging frantically.Call out
when you bear the team approaching.
Avalanche
Wildfires spread at an amazing speed and destroy everything in their
way.If you are caught in a wild fire， use a wet cloth to cover your nose
and mouth to ensure that you can breathe.Try to stay upwind of the fire at
all times and get close to a pond or river.Stay low and cover yourself with
wet clothing， a blanket， or soil until the fire passes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在遇到自然灾害时
应该如何挽救自己的生命。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在遇到自然灾害时
应该如何挽救自己的生命。
Wildfire
21. What should people trapped in flood probably do when they hear the
evacuation orders？（ ）
A. Bring an umbrella with them.
B. Go to higher places.
C. Call out for help loudly.
D. Get a torch in case of a blackout.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Flood部分中的最后一句可知，
被困在洪水中的人们，一旦听到疏散警告可能会转移到更安全
的高地。
22. Among the four natural disasters， which one requires people to run
against the wind？（ ）
A. Typhoon. B. Flood.
C. Avalanche. D. Wildfire.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Wildfire部分中的Try to stay upwind
of the fire at all times and get close to a pond or river.可知，人们被
困野火时需要逆风跑。
23. What do we know from the text？（ ）
A. Typhoons occur only in the exposed regions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
B. Floods cause the most frequent damage among the disasters
mentioned.
C. Those who meet with avalanches are advised to call out the minute
they’re trapped.
D. Getting clean air matters most in the case of wildfires， despite the
difficulty.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Flood部分中的第一句可知，在文中
提到的灾害中，洪水比其他自然灾害发生得更频繁，并极大地改
变了地貌。
B
The world is lucky when our most brilliant minds choose to work for
the common good.Young Ryan Honary is among one of the brilliant
minds.
Shocked by the deaths in the 2018 Camp Fire， California’s
frightening wildfire， Honary turned his attention to how to decrease
future disasters.In 2019， Honary won a $10，000 prize in the Ignite
Innovation Student Challenge for his early wildfire detection network，
which provides app technology for firefighters.He was only in fifth grade
at the time.
Turning 14 years old and going into the eighth grade this year，
Honary is busy working in SensoRy AI， the company he set up.With the
help of his father and a team of experts， the company has received a lot
of attention.
Honary started creating websites when he was in third grade.He
learned Python and JavaScript in a local after-school program.At the same
time， he was interested in animals and the environment.He became
worried as he saw how much the environment was under pressure.
When wildfires started ruining the air quality， destroying homes and
killing some people， Honary thought about how AI can be used to solve
environmental problems such as wildfires.In order to get data to train the
machine learning models on his fire detectors， he collected real-world
data from Google Earth about the Camp Fire of 2018 in California.Once a
fire is detected by a fire detector， the information can be sent to the app
he created.Also， machine learning can be used to predict where the fires
are going.
Honary is hoping to attract more people from his generation to his
company.He believes the environment is going to be a big responsibility
for all of us.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻的Ryan Honary
发明了人工智能火灾探测器，降低了伤亡率。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻的Ryan Honary
发明了人工智能火灾探测器，降低了伤亡率。
24. What can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3？（ ）
A. Honary’s detecting network was free.
B. Honary gained many awards in 2019.
C. Honary’s company is facing serious challenges.
D. Honary is young but makes amazing achievements.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句
可推知，Honary很年轻，但却取得了惊人的成就。
25. Why did Honary invent the detector？（ ）
A. To make a fortune.
B. To enlarge his company.
C. To save firefighters.
D. To reduce wildfire disasters.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Honary发明探
测器是为了减少野火灾害。
26. How did Honary train the machine learning models on detectors？
（ ）
A. By creating websites.
B. By collecting data.
C. By taking an after-school program.
D. By sending information to the app.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，Honary通过收
集数据在检测器上训练机器学习模型。
27. Which of the following can best describe Honary？（ ）
A. Gifted and humorous.
B. Curious and confident.
C. Creative and responsible.
D. Friendly and intelligent.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句以及最后一段内
容可推知，Honary有创造力和责任心。
C
The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires，
believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest.Many of us
can recall Smoky the Bear’s famous warning：“Remember， only
YOU can prevent forest fires.” However， that’s not always the
case.Under the right conditions， and when conducted safely， fire can
create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger，
uncontrollable wildfires.
After a forest fire， many wildlife species will move into recently
burned areas to feed on these newly available foods.Some reptiles and
amphibians such as the snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire.As
Herbert Stoddard put it，“One of the most harmful things modern man
has done to birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine
（松树） forests.Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes，
lose their prairie-like vegetation （草原般植被） and can no longer
support birds which depend on periodic burning for their food supply and
proper cover.”
If you are asked to picture the forest floor， what do you see？ Pine
needles， cones， leaves， branches might come to mind — all sources of
fuel.If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal， the
“fuel load” can lead to fires which are huge disasters to forests and
people alike.In contrast， prescribed fires can be used by forest
professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at a proper and
manageable level.They can also greatly reduce the spread of pest insects
and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species.Plus， they can
create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote
the growth of trees， wildflowers and other various plants.
Many organizations work to promote fire on the landscape.Smoky the
Bear even has an updated warning： “Only YOU can prevent
wildfires，” as the Forest Service has over the last few decades
developed policies and measures to include prescribed fire as a useful
tool， as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight wildfires.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。公众对森林火灾其实存在误解，适
当条件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的
野火。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。公众对森林火灾其实存在误解，适
当条件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的
野火。
28. What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard？（ ）
A. Forest bushes. B. Periodic burning.
C. Fuel sources. D. Pine forests.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中Herbert Stoddard所说的话
可知，对Herbert Stoddard而言，周期性的燃烧对鸟类是有益的，
为它们提供食物和适当掩护。
29. What does the underlined word “prescribed” in Paragraph 3
probably mean？（ ）
A. Frequent. B. Wild.
C. Planned. D. Damaging.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文can be used by
forest ...and manageable level可知，专业人员使用这种火有固定
的频率，目的是更好地管控森林燃料。结合所给选项可推知，画
线词意思应该与Planned （有计划的）相近，这是人为事先计划好
的火。
30. Why do forest professionals need to conduct fire every couple of years
according to the passage？（ ）
A. To keep the forest in balance.
B. To keep the fuel rich in the forest.
C. To put out wildfires.
D. To remove tree and plant species.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这种火灾
可以帮助森林生态系统清理有害的、不需要的生物，促进有益
的生物生长。由此可知，森林专业人员这样做是为了保持森林
的平衡。
31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？（ ）
A. To prevent the use of prescribed fire in the forest.
B. To promote the complete exclusion of fire from forests.
C. To educate people on positive aspects of controlled fires.
D. To encourage the public to remove sources of forest fuels.
解析： 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，作者想破
除公众对森林火灾存在的误解，向读者普及正确的理解：适当条
件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的野
火。因此，作者的写作目的是教育人们了解受控制的火灾的积极
影响。
D
A heatwave has hit many countries in Europe， pushing temperatures
over 40℃.A heatwave is a long period of unusually hot weather.The heat
is expected to continue until the end of July.
The Italian Island of Sardinia reached 46℃ on 18 July.The Italy
government has asked people to dress in linen（a thin， light material）
and to stay indoors between 10 am and 6 pm.The government has asked
people to drink plenty of water but avoid alcohol， fizzy drinks and
coffee， which can make you feel thirstier.In Rome， the country’s
capital， people aged over 70 can go to swimming pools for free to help
them keep cool.
Wildfires have broken out in many places.In Greece， which
recorded 41℃ on 18 July， fires near the capital， Athens， have
destroyed huge areas of forest and thousands of people have been moved to
safety.Heatwaves can make fires worse because hot weather dries plants，
which fuel the fires.
In the US， temperatures in Death Valley， California， hit 53℃ on
18 July， close to the hottest ever recorded on Earth.On 16 July， the US
National Weather Service issued warnings in parts of the country，
affecting more than 80 million people.
Despite the high temperatures in many European countries， the UK
is not experiencing a heatwave.This is because a different weather pattern
has brought rain and lower temperatures to the UK.
The heatwave in Europe is being caused by a weather pattern that has
stopped the air from moving very much.That means the hot， dry weather
has got stuck and temperatures have kept rising.Earth is also experiencing
a natural climate pattern called El Nino（厄尔尼诺）， which causes the
water in the eastern Pacific Ocean to warm up more than usual.This can
lead to hot weather around the world.Temperatures in some parts of
Europe were expected to fall on 20 July.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热浪袭击欧洲以及
各地政府采取的措施。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热浪袭击欧洲以及
各地政府采取的措施。
32. What suggestion did the Italian government give to avoid high
temperatures？ （ ）
A. Provide free swimming pools to keep young people cool.
B. Wear thick clothes to prevent the invasion of heat.
C. Drink enough amounts of coffee to keep the mind clear.
D. Don’t go outdoors during high temperature periods.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，意大利政府建
议高温时期不要到户外活动。
33. What do we know about the wildfires in Greece？（ ）
A. The fires were mainly caused by people.
B. The heatwaves fueled the spread of wildfires.
C. The fires had already killed a thousand people.
D. The entire forest has been destroyed into ruins.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，热浪助长了
野火的蔓延。
34. What prevented the UK from experiencing the heatwaves of Europe？
（ ）
A. Different weather patterns.
B. Different geographic locations.
C. Global El Nino phenomenon.
D. The effect of the Pacific Ocean.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，不同的天气模式使英
国没有经历欧洲的热浪。
35. What is the main idea of this passage？（ ）
A. The hottest city on record in the world has finally emerged.
B. The hot weather caused by heatwaves is coming to an end.
C. Heatwaves swept across Europe and America except the UK.
D. The El Nino phenomenon led to the global high temperatures.
解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了热浪袭
击欧洲以及各地政府采取的措施。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together.The Earth
plates travel in different directions and at different speeds.36.（ ） In
other words， earthquakes are the shaking of the Earth’s surface caused
by the Earth’s rocky outer layer.The energy stored within is suddenly
released.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it
is happening.If an unpopulated region is struck， there will be low loss of
life or property.37.（ ） Many of the areas at risk are largely
populated now.Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce
terrible damage.
38. （ ） Fortunately， however， most of them are unnoticed
to the public because of the small Richter scale （震级）.But large
earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the
Richter scale， can cause millions of dollars in damage.
39. （ ） In 1972， a series of severe earthquakes struck
Managua， Nicaragua.Fifteen years later， the city still looked the way it
had a week after the earthquake hit， because the city was in such a mess
that it didn’t have the money necessary to rebuild it.
The shaking of the Earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster.40.
（ ） In the 1906 earthquake， it was the fires caused after it that did
the majority of the damage.An earthquake can also destroy dams high
above a city or valleys， causing floods to sweep away everything in their
path.
A. Actually， there are several million small earthquakes every year.
B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.
C. Throughout history， there are numerous destructive big earthquakes.
D. If it hits a large city， there may be many injuries and much
destruction.
E. So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the Earth
plates.
F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other， pressure builds up until
the plates break apart.
G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after
the first shake.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震形成的原因、
影响等。
36. F 根据上文可知，本空与“运动导致地震”有关。F项（如果一
个板块被慢慢压在另一个板块下面，压力就会积聚起来，直到板块破
裂）承接上文，符合语境。
37. D 根据空后两句可知，本空与“大地震袭击人口众多地区”有
关。D项（如果它袭击一个大城市，可能会有很多人受伤和造成很大
破坏）引起下文，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震形成的原因、
影响等。
38. A 根据空后一句可知，本空与“小地震”有关。A项（事实上，
每年都有几百万次小地震）引起下文，符合语境。
39. G 根据下文可知，本空与“地震后持续数年的影响”有关。G项
（地震的毁灭性破坏可能在第一次地震后持续数年）引起下文，符合
语境。
40. B 根据空后两句可知，本空与“地震引发的火灾和洪水的破
坏”有关。B项（火灾和洪水往往造成最大的破坏）引起下文，符合
语境。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
About twenty years ago， Jeff Fister was driving his 12-year-old son
to school on a busy morning.His little baby was also in the
backseat.He 41 at one of the city’s busiest street， and the light
turned green.
“Suddenly， out of nowhere， a car 42 into the back of our
car，” he recalled.“We began to spin around （旋转） while the other
car landed upside down.”
They were 43 but uninjured.When they got out of the car， his
little baby 44 crying.“It was unbearable，” he said.
Fister found himself 45 at a street corner， directly across from a
medical center.There were lots of people 46 to work.Then he turned
around and saw a woman who was wearing a healthcare 47 appear
from the crowd， holding out her 48 .
“She could see I was pretty scared，” he recalled.“And I
just 49 the baby to her.It was really instinctive，” he said.After
Fister started making phone calls and speaking to the police， he turned
around and looked at the broken car window.
“And I realized how 50 we were，” he said.
When things calmed down， the woman handed his child back to
Fister.She gave him a little wave and then 51 in the crowd.
Since then， the woman’s act of 52 has become more and more
meaningful to Fister.It has 53 him that the world is full of goodness，
and people who want to help.
“I don’t necessarily 54 all the angel stuff，”Fister said，
“but certainly， I think there are people who decide to help someone
out， just 55 simple acts of kindness like that woman did for me.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jeff Fister在一次送孩子上学的路上
遭遇车祸，一个善良的、素不相识的医护人员伸出援手，这件事让
他感触颇多。Fister认为世界充满了善意和善良的人，并决定传达这
份善意。
41. A. reached B. arrived
C. passed D. rushed
解析： 根据上文Jeff Fister was driving his 12-year-old son to
school on a busy morning可知，Fister开车到了这条街。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jeff Fister在一次送孩子上学的路上
遭遇车祸，一个善良的、素不相识的医护人员伸出援手，这件事让
他感触颇多。Fister认为世界充满了善意和善良的人，并决定传达这
份善意。
42. A. crashed B. changed
C. broke D. looked
解析： 根据下文We began to spin around （旋转） while the
other car landed upside down.可知发生了车祸，两车相撞。
43. A. worried B. nervous
C. frightened D. excited
解析： 根据上文可知，车被撞得打转，另外一辆车直接被撞
翻了。由此可知，他们受惊了。
44. A. brought out B. picked out
C. let out D. burst out
解析： 根据下文It was unbearable可知，车祸比较严重，孩子
和大人都感到害怕，孩子大哭起来。
45. A. lying B. sitting
C. standing D. smiling
解析： 根据上文When they got out of the car可知，Fister下车之
后发现自己站在街角。
46. A. by the way B. in the way
C. in this way D. on the way
解析： 车祸发生在早上Fister送孩子上学的路上。由此可知，
有很多人在去工作的路上。
47. A. hat B. uniform C. sweater D. suit
解析： 当时很多人在去工作的路上，而且车祸发生的附近有
一家医院，所以一位穿着医疗工作制服的女士出现在人群中。
48. A. arms B. legs C. feet D. shoulders
解析： 根据下文And I just 49 the baby to her.可知，女士
伸出了手。
49. A. offered B. handed
C. sent D. brought
解析： 根据下文the woman handed his child back to Fister可
知，此处表示Fister把孩子递给她。
50. A. fortunate B. delighted
C. ambitious D. comfortable
解析： 根据上文he turned around and looked at the broken car
window可知，他们遭遇车祸，车窗都被撞碎了，幸运的是人安然
无恙。
51. A. sighed B. nodded
C. disappeared D. wept
解析： 根据上文She gave him a little wave and then可知，一切
结束之后，这位善良的女士离开了。
52. A. generosity B. bravery
C. wisdom D. determination
解析： 根据上文holding out her 48 可知，在Fister遭遇车
祸的时候，这位善良的女士慷慨地伸出援助之手。
53. A. informed B. told
C. warned D. reminded
解析： 根据下文the world is full of goodness ... to help可知，
这件事一直提醒Fister这个世界充满了善意和善良的人。
54. A. persuade B. convince
C. believe D. encourage
解析： 根据下文but certainly， I think there are people who
decide to help someone out可知，Fister虽然不相信天使这样的事
情，但相信有善良的人。
55. A. practicing B. performing
C. behaving D. defending
解析： 根据下文like that woman did for me可知，此处表
示做善事。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
In May 2021， Congo’s Mount Nyiragongo， one of the world’s
most dangerous volcanoes， burst to life without warning.Lava erupted
from cracks and 56. （stream） down the mountain toward
cities below， 57. （leave） hundreds dead， missing or
injured.
Now， using data from monitoring stations， 58.
were built near the volcano in 2015， researchers have pieced together
how that eruption happened so 59. （sudden）.The data
also suggests the event could have been deadlier and people should
60. （well） understand this volcano’s particular dangers
before the next eruption.The mountain sits near 61. eastern
border of Congo， threatening both the Congolese city of Goma
62. the Rwandan city of Gisenyi.Nyiragongo’s last two
eruptions were both strong enough 63.
（feel） by people living nearby.64. ， before the
eruption on 22 May 2021， even the sensitive monitoring stations near the
volcano didn’t notice clear warning 65. （sign） of lava on
the move underground.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。2021年5月，世界上最危险的火山
之一——刚果的尼拉贡戈火山在毫无征兆的情况下爆发了，文章分
析了这次火山爆发的原因和危害。
56. streamed 考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列谓语，前后时态一
致，由erupted可知，空格处所在句子时态是一般过去时，故填
streamed。
57. leaving 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是erupted and streamed，空格
处用非谓语动词，空前所描述的内容和leave之间是逻辑上的主谓关
系，因此空格处用动词-ing形式作状语，故填leaving。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。2021年5月，世界上最危险的火山
之一——刚果的尼拉贡戈火山在毫无征兆的情况下爆发了，文章分
析了这次火山爆发的原因和危害。
58. which 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺
少主语，先行词monitoring stations指物，因此空格处用关系代词
which。
59. suddenly 考查词形转换。空格处修饰动词happened，应用副词，
故填suddenly。
60. better 考查比较级。由前面的deadlier可知，空格处用比较级，故
填better。
61. the 考查冠词。eastern border of Congo意为“刚果东部边境”，
前面需加定冠词表特指，故填the。
62. and 考查连词。both ... and ...是固定搭配，故填and。
63. to be felt 考查非谓语动词和语态。 “be＋形容词＋enough to
do”是固定短语，意为“足以做某事”，由by可知，空格处用不定式
的被动语态，故填to be felt。
64. However 考查副词。空前后两句之间是转折关系，且空后有逗
号，应用However，位于句首，首字母大写。
65. signs 考查名词的数。sign是可数名词，意为“信号”，此处表
示不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填signs。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周六下午你校举行了消防逃生演练（fire
drill）。请你就这次演练给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 消防讲座；
2. 逃生演练；
3. 你的评价。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
A Fire Drill in Our School
参考范文：
A Fire Drill in Our School
In order to raise our safety awareness， our school held a fire drill last
Saturday afternoon.All the teachers and students took part in the drill.
At first， some firefighters were invited to give a speech.They
showed us what to do in case of a fire， how to prevent the fire and how to
use different kinds of fire-fighting equipment.Then a fire drill was
held.As soon as the alarm rang， all of us students ran downstairs in
order.We finally got together at the playground safely， where our
teachers were waiting for us.
Through the drill， we have learned how to escape in an emergency.I
think it is important for us to remain calm and know what to do.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room.Mary was
looking through the windows at the endless rain outside.It had been
raining non-stop for three days.She had never seen a storm this bad.It was
making her nervous.The wind roared， and the rain beat on the roof and
windows.Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio， while Mum
was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
“Mum， Dad，” said Mary suddenly， “I think we should leave
here right away！”
“No，” said Dad.“It’s too late！ The radio says the city has
already been flooded.”
“We can drive our car through the floodwater！ Let’s just leave！
I’m really scared！” cried Mary.“We can’t do that， honey，”
explained Mum， “otherwise the moving water could wash the car
away！”
Mary walked to the door.She was curious to see how much water
there was outside.
“Don’t open the door！” shouted Mum and Dad at the same
time.“The water may flood in！”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door， in case the floodwater
forced the door open.Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa.“Mary，
don’t worry.Everything’s going to be OK，” she said softly， trying
her best to comfort Mary.Her voice was calm， but Mary could tell she
was worried too.
Without saying a single word， Dad walked to the sofa， sat down
and hugged his wife and daughter.The sudden silence in the house seemed
to make the wind and rain more frightening outside.What could they do？
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
After a brief discussion， Mum and Dad made a decision.
Finally， the rain stopped.
参考范文：
After a brief discussion， Mum and Dad made a decision.They
believed that they should stay in the house.They thought it would be really
dangerous to try to walk through the water to get to higher
ground.“Mary， we’ll have to go upstairs and wait there，” said
Mum.“OK， Mum.If that’s what you think is best，” Mary replied
uncertainly.So they went upstairs and waited.Downstairs， water started
flooding into the living room and kitchen.All three of them were
nervous， but at least they had disaster supplies， including food and
drinking water.
Finally， the rain stopped.But Mary and her family couldn’t leave
while the house was still flooded.They listened to the radio and learnt that
rescue workers in boats were coming to rescue people who were trapped in
their homes.They waited for a boat to arrive at their house.Their home
had been badly damaged， but they were all happy to be alive.About half
an hour later， the boat arrived and took Mary and her parents to a safe
place.
谢谢观看！
