Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.After many hearing tests， it was determined that I had （永久的） hearing loss in that ear.
2.We gave stockings to the women， which they loved， and in return， they gave us （香水） for our girlfriends.
3.By the time he was 14， Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord，piano and violin，as well as for （管弦乐队）.
4.The company will cooperate with any government （调查） in the matter as well.
5.It’s worth reading （文学的） books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.
6.I’m going to become a teacher after my graduation， for teaching is considered as a （值得尊敬的） cause.
7.The （轮廓） of animals were cut into the rock.
8.As d broke， the outline of a building became distinct against the sky.
9.It is a b that all the people managed to flee from the village before the war broke out.
10.It can’t be a m coincidence that they left at the same time.
维度二：词形转换
1.When it was his turn to give his speech， he walked onto the stage， nervous and （embarrass）.
2.98％ of the Antarctic’s surface is covered （permanent） in the ice cap.
3.It is reported that the （reveal） of his past led to his resignation.
4.My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced （literary） because I like English and I’m good at it.
5.Some students act this way （mere） because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.
6.When someone is unkind to you，try responding with （gentle）.
7.Altogether， it was a （delight） town garden， peaceful and wonderful.
8.I’m truly （appreciate） of all the support and encouragement.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Seeing the scene， the woman sank into the chair， （一句话也说不出来）.
2.Only when he left his village （他才意识到他多么爱他的家人）.
3.Let us （接近） nature and come to deal with her.
4.With natural resources becoming fewer and fewer， how to （利用） energy has become our top priority.
5.I found his attitude very stiff， （好像他一点也不高兴）.
6. （如果当时你掌握了急救知识）， your help would have made a difference.
7.Early to bed and early to rise （使人健康又聪明）.
8. （时而，有时） I like to walk along the beach and forget my problems.
9.Everybody says it is worth seeing but I find nothing （特别，尤其） about that place.
10.So everything that happens to you （值得赞美和感谢）.
维度四：课文语法填空
I have imagined what I should most like to see if I 1. （give） the use of my eyes， say for just three days.
On the first day， I should want to see the people 2. kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my life worth 3. （live）.On my second day， I should like to see the pageant of man’s progress， 4. I should go to the museums.I should try to probe 5. the soul of man through his art.6. following morning， I should again greet the dawn， anxious 7. （discover） new delights， new revelations of beauty.I shall spend the day in the workaday world， amid the haunts of men 8. （go） about the business of life.Only when darkness had again descended upon me 9. I realize how much I had left unseen.I who am blind can give one hint to those who see： Use your eyes as if tomorrow you 10. （strike） blind.And the same method can be applied to the other senses.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jenn Larson was just 14 years old when she took over the bookkeeping for her family’s dairy farm near Firth， Idaho.She soon saw first-hand how challenging it was for her parents， who lacked any college education， to properly manage the unpredictable earnings of farming.This started a lifelong passion for finance， and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had.
Yet， such ambitions ran in obvious contrast to everything familiar to her.“I didn’t have any advisors，” Larson says.“I didn’t have anyone to look up to for a professional example.All the women I associated with were stay-at-home moms.” Despite having parents who couldn’t fully understand her ambitions， Larson went to the BYU Marriott School， where she earned a business degree and focused much of her coursework on international finance.
Larson worked for seven years as a financial representative with Northwestern Mutual， advising clients on important financial decisions.Larson returned to BYU Marriott in 2008 to earn an MBA， and accepted a position in the school as an assistant professor following her graduation.For more than a decade， Larson has taught finance classes to undergraduate and MBA students.While she teaches finance， Larson tries to help her students see how mastering finance principles can also impact their personal lives.
Constantly balancing motherhood and work， Larson makes adjustments to the way she teaches.She gave birth to her first three children in three years while teaching at BYU Marriott， wondering at times if labor might start while in front of a class full of students.During the pandemic， Larson taught online classes from her dining room table while taking care of a newborn and other young children at home.
As a female instructor in the often male-dominated finance industry， Larson works to inspire other women who seek a similar path to hers.Larson became the role model that she never had — the example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet couldn’t find.Now， Labor on’s children and students will always have that example.
1.What motivated Larson to major in finance？
A.Her experience of managing accounts.
B.Her strong desire for college education.
C.The high expectations from her parents.
D.The challenging labor on her dairy farm.
2.What problem did Larson face when she decided to study finance？
A.She had no one to ask for advice.
B.She was unsure about the coursework.
C.She was misunderstood by her neighbours.
D.She was unfamiliar with everything at school.
3.What does the underlined word “labor” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？
A.The work of looking after a baby.
B.The process of dealing with students.
C.The process of giving birth to a baby.
D.The work of adjusting teaching methods.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text？
A.Following Your Interest
B.Balancing Work and Family
C.Becoming Your Own Role Model
D.Seeking a Way to Become a Role Model
B
On 22 February 2021， the cancer survivor Hayley Arceneaux was selected to be one of four crew members of the SpaceX Inspiration4 — the world’s first civilian astronaut mission.The 29-year-old woman made history as the youngest American — and the first with a false limb — to travel to space.
Hayley’s space dreams began about two decades ago， following a visit to the NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston， Texas.However， the young girl’s dreams were upset a year later when she was diagnosed with osteosarcoma （骨肉瘤） — a type of bone cancer.
Fortunately， the fatal disease had been caught early and the experts at St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis were able to reduce its spread through chemotherapy （化疗） and by replacing the diseased bones with metal rods （杆） in her left leg.Arceneaux said she never thought she would be able to go to space.But when the call came “out of the blue” from Jared Isaacman， CEO and founder of Shift4 Payments， asking her if she would like to go to space， she said without hesitation，“Yes， yes， absolutely！”
Isaacman had always intended to go to space.Hence when SpaceX announced the world’s first all-commercial astronaut mission， the billionaire instantly booked the available four seats.The flying enthusiast announced that he would donate three seats to members of the general public.Hayley， the first crew member to be announced， will represent the pillar of “hope” — a nod to her survival of cancer and frontline work as a physician assistant at St.Jude.The remaining passengers， representing the pillars of “generosity” and “prosperity”， will be chosen randomly to raise $200 million for St.Jude， which treats children at no charge.
“When I was just 10 years old， St.Jude gave me the opportunity to grow up，” Hayley said.“Now I am fulfilling my dreams of working at the research hospital and traveling around the world.It’s incredible to be a part of this mission that is not only raising crucial funds for the lifesaving work of St.Jude but also introducing new supporters to the mission and showing cancer survivors that anything is possible.”
5.What can we know about Hayley Arceneaux？
A.She is a disabled woman.
B.She is a famous physician.
C.She used to be a fighter pilot.
D.She suffers from advanced cancer.
6.What does the underlined phrase “out of the blue” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A.Sadly. B.Strangely.
C.Randomly. D.Suddenly.
7.Why will Jared Isaacman donate the last two seats to members of the general public？
A.To promote his company’s products.
B.To raise funds for a cancer hospital.
C.To inspire interests in space travel.
D.To seek help for disabled children.
8.Which of the following is the best title for the passage？
A.The Sky Is Not Even the Limit for Jared Isaacman
B.Hayley’s Space Dreams Were Upset by Osteosarcoma
C.Cancer Survivor to Become the Youngest American in Space
D.Hayley Arceneaux — the First American Travelling in Space
C
A little boy has written and illustrated （加插图于） a storybook himself to help raise money to buy a new wheelchair.Alfie Dormand began writing his book The Monkeys That Stole A Bus after being inspired by a day out at Paignton Zoo.He even illustrated the book himself using a computer program to create colourful drawings to illustrate his imaginative tale.
Through sales of his storybook on the Internet and donation through his Just Giving page， Alfie has raised over ￡1，000 towards the costs of the new electric wheelchair， which would give him greater independence than his current manual （手动的） wheelchair.He has a disease called Ll syndrome and a related condition known as Hydrocephalus （脑积水）， both of which affect his ability to move.
His mum Michelle Dortmund said， “We hired an electric wheelchair three years ago when we went to Paignton Zoo and he loved it.We were delighted to see him get around in the wheelchair without being pushed by others.He fell in love with the flamingos （火烈鸟）.When he saw how cheeky the monkeys were， it just gave him some ideas for stories.”
Teachers have been reading the book to other pupils at Alfie’s school.Parents have been buying the book to support the Alfie’s fundraising efforts， with Alfie even signing books like a professional.The winner of the World’s Strongest Man competition， Eddie Hall， also features in the book， and the strong man bought a copy and sent Alfie a video to say thanks.
The schoolboy likes to make little stories.He does all of the drawings on the computer himself as he finds using a pen difficult.
As the story shows， life can be so difficult.However， positively face it and work hard， and we’ll get help from others.
9.What gave Alfie the idea for his book The Monkeys That Stole A Bus？
A.A visit to a zoo.
B.A storybook he’d read.
C.Requirements of parents.
D.Teachers’ encouragement.
10.What may an electric wheelchair bring to Alfie？
A.Dependence. B.Convenience.
C.Carefulness. D.Indifference.
11.What is mainly shown in Paragraph 4？
A.A world competition.
B.Details about Alfie’s book.
C.Support from the public.
D.Alfie’s book signing event.
12.Which word can best describe Alfie？
A.Inspiring. B.Energetic.
C.Sensitive. D.Caring.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has.There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding. 13
In the former case， we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it， the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real， even if not actually physical， not something in our muscles and bones. 14
Years ago， I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.Applying my own rule， I determined to write them alphabetically， never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-writing.The experience proved that the rule works.
15 Though willing to get started， we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that， however hard we work， we fail again and again.In such a situation， I work as hard as I can then let the unconsciousness （无意识） take over.
When planning Encyclopedia Britannica， I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.Day after day， I kept coming up with solutions， but none of them worked. 16 One day， mentally exhausted， I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself， not with me.Relieved， I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. 17 In the weeks that followed， the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.Though I worked as hard as before， I felt no fatigue.Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings， I believe must try to succeed.Success， then， means never feeling tired.
A.My fatigue became almost unbearable.
B.I felt depressed and gave it up eventually.
C.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
D.Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness.
E.An hour later， I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in my mind.
F.The solution is not easy to apply： always handle the most difficult job first.
G.Here are two ways of exhaustion — start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.
13. 14. 15.
16. 17.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
请你以“An Unforgettable Experience”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次让你难忘的经历。内容包括：
1.事情的经过；
2.你感到难忘的原因或从中得到的启示。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.permanent 2.perfume 3.orchestras 4.probe
5.literary 6.worthy 7.outlines 8.dawn 9.blessing
10.mere
维度二
1.embarrassed 2.permanently 3.revelation 4.literature
5.merely 6.gentleness 7.delightful 8.appreciative
维度三
1.unable to say one word
2.did he realize how he loved his family
3.close in on
4.make use of
5.as if he were not at all pleased
6.If you’d mastered a knowledge of first aid
7.makes a man healthy and wise
8.Now and then
9.in particular
10.is worthy of praise and thanks
维度四
1.were given 2.whose 3.living 4.and 5.into 6.The 7.to discover 8.going 9.should 10.would be stricken
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。珍·拉尔森14岁时接管簿记工作的经历让她有了学习金融专业的想法，但是她没有人可以寻求专业的相关建议。她努力奋斗，成为自己的孩子和学生的榜样。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，拉尔森接管簿记工作的经历让她有了学习金融专业的想法。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中Larson说的话可知，拉尔森决定学习金融专业时，她面临着没有人可以咨询相关情况的问题。
3.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知，拉尔森是在教书期间生下了三个孩子，所以她担心会不会在学生面前生孩子。所以，画线词labor意为“生孩子”。
4.C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，通过努力奋斗，珍·拉尔森在没有人能为她提供建议的金融专业上成为自己的孩子和学生的榜样。故C项最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。2021年2月22日，癌症幸存者Hayley Arceneaux被选为太空探索技术公司“灵感4号”的四名宇航员之一，29岁的她成为美国历史上第一位使用假肢进入太空的美国人。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的the first with a false limb可知，Hayley Arceneaux是一个残疾人。
6.D 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Arceneaux said she never thought she would be able to go to space.可知，这个邀请电话来得很突然。由此推知，画线部分意为“突然地”。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Jared Isaacman捐出剩下的两个席位给公众是为了给一家癌症医院筹集资金。
8.C 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要讲述了一位癌症幸存者成为美国最年轻的太空人的故事。故C项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩Alfie Dormand通过写书筹款买电动轮椅的故事。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Alfie Dormand began ...at Paignton Zoo.可知，参观动物园给了Alfie写《偷公共汽车的猴子》这本书的灵感。
10.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可推知，电动轮椅可能为Alfie带来便利。
11.C 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，在Alfie就读的学校，老师把他的书读给其他学生听；家长积极购书以支持他买轮椅；世界大力士比赛的获胜者也买书相助。由此可知，本段主要讲述了大众对Alfie的支持。
12.A 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可推知，Alfie是一个很励志的男孩，他的故事是鼓舞人心的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系展开论述，以亲身经历为例提出措施：如何解决启动疲劳和执行疲劳。
13.G 根据上文There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding.和下文In the former ...or too difficult.可知，空格处应指出疲惫感分为两种情况，引出下文。G项符合语境。
14.F 根据上文可知，我们会因为拖延太无聊、太难的工作而感到疲惫不堪。F项提出了一个解决这种情况的办法，即先处理最困难的事，符合语境。
15.C 根据下文可知，此处讲述另一种疲劳——执行疲劳。C项符合语境。
16.A 上文讲述作者在做一项任务时，日复一日地想不出可行的办法，A项承接上文，总是想不出解决办法，让作者疲惫不堪，符合语境。
17.E 根据空前一句可知，作者躺在安乐椅上睡着了。E项（一个小时之后，我突然醒来，脑海中清晰地有了解决办法）承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
An Unforgettable Experience
I never forget how proud I felt when I did a foreigner a favour on the Great Wall.It was a cold day.When I was enjoying the fantastic view of the Great Wall， a middle-aged foreigner came to me and asked if I could tell him something about it.Encouraged by the guide， I gave him a vivid description of the history of the Great Wall in English.The foreigner felt pleased， saying that it was a marvelous wonder in the world.
I felt proud， not only because I was helpful to a foreigner， but also because I could spread our splendid culture to the world.
6 / 6Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
Three Days to See①
[1]I have often thought it would be a blessing② if each human being were stricken③ blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.Darkness would make him more appreciative④ of sight； silence would teach him the joys of sound.
[1]have thought之后的宾语从句是复合句，使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，if从句谓语用过去式（be只能用were），主句谓语使用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。
Now and then I have tested my seeing friends⑤ to discover what they see.[2]Recently， I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods⑥ what she had observed.“Nothing in particular，” she replied.
[2]who引导定语从句修饰间接宾语a friend；what引导的宾语从句作直接宾语。
How was it possible， I asked myself， to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy⑦ of note？ I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere⑧ touch.If I can get so much pleasure from touch， how much more beauty must be revealed⑨ by sight？ And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes， say for just three days.
On the first day， I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness⑩ and companionship have made my life worth living.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that “window of the soul ”， the eye.I can only “see” through my fingertips the outline of a face.[3]I should like to see the books which have been read to me， and which have revealed to me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit .In the afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate my eyes on the beauties of the world of nature.That night， I should not be able to sleep.
[3]本句是复合句，两个which引导的并列定语从句修饰先行词the books。
On my second day， I should like to see the pageant of man’s progress， and I should go to the museums.I should try to probe into the soul of man through his art.The things I knew through touch I should now see.The evening of my second day I should spend at a theater or at the movies.
The following morning， I should again greet the dawn，[4] anxious to discover new delights， new revelations of beauty.Today I shall spend in the workaday world， amid the haunts of men going about the business of life .
[4]此处为形容词短语作状语。
At midnight permanent night would close in on me again.[5]Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.
[5]此处“Only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句为部分倒装，即把助动词或情态动词提前。
I who am blind can give one hint to those who see：[6]Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.And the same method can be applied to the other senses.Hear the music of voices， the song of a bird， the mighty strains of an orchestra ， as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow.Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense would fail.Smell the perfume of flowers ， taste with relish each morsel ， as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again.But of all the senses， I am sure that sight must be the most delightful .
[6]本句使用了虚拟语气。当as if从句内容表示对将来的一种假设时，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
（Excerpts from “Three Days to See” by Helen Keller）
【读文清障】
①Three Days to See （《假如给我三天光明》）是美国著名女作家海伦·凯勒（Helen Keller，1880－1968）的代表作品之一。
②blessing n.幸事，幸运
bless vt.保佑，降福
③strike vt.侵袭；击打，碰撞
be stricken blind and deaf 突然失明、耳聋
④appreciative adj.感激的
appreciate v.欣赏；感激
appreciation n.欣赏；感激
⑤seeing friend 有视觉的朋友
⑥in the woods 在树林里
⑦worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
worthy of 值得……的
be worthy of being done＝be worth doing 值得做
⑧mere adj.仅仅，只不过
merely adv.仅仅，只不过
through mere touch 仅凭借触觉
⑨reveal v.揭示；显示；露出；展示
revelation n.展现，显示
⑩gentleness n.和蔼，温和
gentle adj.文静的；温柔的
gentleman n.彬彬有礼的人；先生
companionship n.友谊；友好交往
see into the heart 看到内心
window of the soul 心灵之窗
outline n.外形，轮廓
the outline of a face 一张脸的轮廓
the deepest channel 最深的航道
the human spirit 人类心灵
intoxicate v.使兴奋，使陶醉
pageant n.盛大的（露天）演出
the pageant of （历史事件的）缤纷场景
the pageant of man’s progress 人类发展的奇观
probe v.调查；探究
probe into 调查；探究
workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的
amid prep.在……之中
haunt n.（某人）常去的地方
amid the haunts of men
到人们经常去的地方去
go about the business of life 为生活琐事而奔波
permanent adj.长久的；永久的
close in on 包围，向……逼近
descend v.降临；来临
descend upon sb 降临到某人身上
be applied to 应用于
apply for 申请
mighty strains of an orchestra
管弦乐队那雄浑而铿锵的旋律
tactile sense 触觉
the perfume of flowers 花的芳香
with relish 津津有味地；充满享受地
taste each morsel 品尝每一口佳肴
delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
【参考译文】
假如给我三天光明
我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间失明和失聪，那会是一件幸事，因为黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力，静默能教人享受声音的美妙。
我时常测试我那些看得见的朋友，想了解他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个在林子里散步了许久的朋友看到了什么。她答道：“没什么特别的。”
我自问，在林子里散步一小时之久，怎么可能没看到任何值得注意的东西呢？我一个看不见的人，仅仅通过触觉，都会发现许许多多令我感兴趣的东西。如果说仅凭触觉就能得到这么多的快乐，那么视觉能展现多少美好的东西啊。我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉，哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么。
第一天，我想见见那些用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生命变得有价值的人。我无法理解通过“心灵的窗户”——眼睛，看透一个朋友的内心是怎样的感觉。因为我只能通过我的指尖“看”到一张面孔的轮廓。我还要看书，那些别人读给我的书，那些为我揭示了人生和人类精神的深刻奥秘的书。到了下午，我要在树林中散步，让我的眼睛陶醉在大自然的美景中。这个夜晚，我将无法入睡。
第二天，我要去看人类发展的缤纷场景，我要去博物馆。我要通过艺术探究人类的灵魂。那些我之前通过触摸了解过的事物，我现在要亲眼看一看。而这一天的傍晚，我要在剧院或者电影院度过。
第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探索更多愉悦，发现更多美好。这天我要过平凡的生活，到那些为生活忙碌的人常去的地方。
到了午夜，永久的黑夜将再次把我笼罩。只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。
我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。而这种方法也可以用在其他感官上：要像明天即将失聪一样，去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的歌唱、交响乐的震撼音符；要像明天即将失去触觉一样，去触摸你想感受的每一件物品；要像明天即将失去嗅觉和味觉一样，去细嗅花香、细品美食。但是，我敢肯定，在所有的感官中，视觉的享受一定是最令人愉悦的。
（节选自海伦·凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》）
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.How did Helen feel when her friend told her she observed nothing after a long walk？
A.Unbelievable. B.Pleased.
C.Understanding. D.Interested.
2.How does the author feel the world？
A.Mostly by touching.
B.Just using her feet.
C.Only out of imagination.
D.Just by asking her friends.
3.From the fourth paragraph， what can we infer？
A.The author used to read by herself.
B.The author would take a long walk in the woods in the afternoon.
C.The author liked to meet her friends first.
D.The author would not sleep tonight.
4.Why would the author not be able to sleep on the first night？
A.Because she would be disappointed.
B.Because she would be tired.
C.Because she would be excited.
D.Because she would be alone.
5.What does the text mainly tell us？
A.We should learn new skills.
B.We’re never too old to learn.
C.Interest is the best teacher.
D.We should treasure our senses.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the seventh paragraph carefully and find the sentence which shows emphasis （强调）.
2.Read the last paragraph carefully and find the sentences which are used in parallelism （排比）.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
What is the hint Helen gave us？ Why did Helen give us the hint？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Recently，I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods what she had observed.
句式分析 本句为复合句，who had just returned from a long walk in the woods为who引导的 从句，修饰先行词 ；what she had observed为what引导的 从句。
自主翻译
2.And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes， say for just three days.
句式分析 本句为复合句，what I should most like to see为what引导的 从句；if I were given the use of my eyes，say for just three days为if引导的 从句。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
appreciative adj.感激的
【教材原句】 Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight ...
黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力……
【用法】
（1）be appreciative of 感激
（2）appreciate v. 感激；欣赏
appreciate （one’s） doing sth 感激（某人）做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激
（3）appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；理解
in appreciation of 感谢
【佳句】 We have been very appreciative of their support.
我们对他们的支持一直非常感激。
【点津】 appreciate表示“感激”时，后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语；appreciate后的宾语可以是sth或形式宾语it，但不跟sb作宾语；如果表示“感激某人”则用thank sb。
Your support is greatly appreciated.
十分感谢你的支持。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I would appreciate if you could help me with my English.
②I’m writing to express my （appreciate） for what you did for me during my stay in London.
③We really appreciate your （take） care of Max for the weekend.
④To be grateful means you are thankful for and （appreciate） of what you have and where you are on your path right now.
【写美】 一句多译
⑤如果你尽早回信，我将不胜感激。
→I would back to me as soon as possible.
→I would back to me as soon as possible.
delight n.使人高兴的事 v.（使）高兴
【教材原句】 The following morning， I should again greet the dawn， anxious to discover new delights， new revelations of beauty.
第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探索更多愉悦，发现更多美好。
【用法】
（1）to one’s delight＝to the delight of sb 令某人高兴的是
with/in delight 高兴地，乐意地
take delight in 以……为乐
（2）delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的
be delighted at/with/by ... 对……高兴
be delighted to do sth 很高兴做某事
（3）delightful adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的
【佳句】 I am more than delighted to have a chance to inform you that a music festival will be held in our school.
我非常高兴有机会通知你我们学校将举办音乐节。（告知信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①On seeing the gifts they wanted， the kids screamed delight.
②The audience was clearly （delight） with the performance.
【写美】 一句多译
③我非常高兴能得到这个给北极熊拍照的绝佳机会。
→ ，I get the golden chance to take pictures of polar bears.（delight n.）
→ is that I get the golden chance to take pictures of polar bears.（delight v.）
→ the golden chance to take pictures of polar bears.（delighted）
go about 着手做；从事；四处走动，旅行
【教材原句】 Today I shall spend in the workaday world， amid the haunts of men going about the business of life.这天我要过平凡的生活，到那些为生活忙碌的人常去的地方。
【用法】
go through 通过，检查，审阅，经历
go over 仔细检查；用心思考；复习
go against 反抗；违反；对……不利
go after 追逐；追求
go by （时间）流逝，过去
go off （铃）响；（灯）熄灭；（食物）变质
【佳句】 I want to learn German but I don’t know the best way to go about it.
我想学德语，但我不知道怎样学最好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In the book Journey to the West， the four characters went many trials.
②The mid-term exams is in two weeks’ time， so please seize your time to go everything.
【写美】 补全句子
③Her mother expected her to be a doctor，but she .
她母亲希望她成为一名医生，但她违背了母亲的愿望。
knock over 撞倒；打翻
【教材原句】 Because we couldn’t see where anything was，my friend and I knocked over glasses and dropped food.因为我们看不见东西在哪里，我和我的朋友打翻了杯子，弄掉了食物。
【用法】
knock at/on 敲……
knock down 撞倒，击倒；拆卸
knock into 撞在……上
knock around 漫游，在某地四处旅行
knock out 使淘汰
【佳句】 I put the milk bottle there.Who knocked it over？
我把牛奶瓶放在那儿，谁把它打翻了？
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I knocked with an old friend while I was having a trip in Beijing last week.
②A week later， on a snowy afternoon， I heard someone knocking the door.
③Lost in thought， he almost knocked the big tree in front of him.
④While crossing the road，the old man was knocked by a bike.
embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的
【教材原句】 I felt embarrassed， even though no one could see me.
即使没有人能看见我，我也觉得尴尬。
【用法】
（1）be embarrassed at/about因……感到尴尬
（2）embarrassment n.困窘；尴尬；令人难堪的人
to one’s embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是
（3）embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬
It embarrasses/embarrassed sb to do sth 做某事让某人感到尴尬
（4）embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的；使人难堪的
【佳句】 Mary gave me an embarrassed smile when I asked where she’d been.
当我问她去了哪里时，玛丽尴尬地笑了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He was embarrassed his mistakes， so he locked himself in his room.
②He’s not used to making speeches in public； it’s so （embarrass）.
【写美】 一句多译
③让我尴尬的是我的文章中有许多错误。
→ was that there were many mistakes in my article.（embarrassed）
→ ， there were many mistakes in my article.（embarrassment）
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】 I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.
我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间失明和失聪，那会是一件幸事。
【用法】
本句中的谓语动词使用的是虚拟语气。如果if条件从句中假设的情况不能实现，则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法如下：
（1）与现在事实相反时，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were），主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋动词原形；
（2）与过去事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词；
（3）与将来事实相反时，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were）或“should＋动词原形”或“were to＋动词原形”，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
【写美】 微写作
①如果我是你，我会按时间顺序写，这样读者就很容易理解它了。（建议信）
If ， I ， so readers can understand it easily.
②他也拥抱了我，说：“我知道如果我在这里等着，你会找到我的。”（语言描写）
He hugged me back， saying，“I knew if .”
③如果明天下雨的话，我们将推迟运动会。（通知）
If it tomorrow， we the sports meeting.
④如果我有足够的钱，我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的衣服。（心理描写）
If I ， I the beautiful dress for my daughter.
句型公式：“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句使用部分倒装
【教材原句】 Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.
只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。
【用法】
“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句使用部分倒装，即采用一般疑问句语序。
only置于句首修饰状语（通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等）时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为：
only＋＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他
【品悟】 Only when you have the ambition to be successful can you be successful eventually.
只有当你有成功的抱负的时候，你最后才能成功。
【点津】 （1）“only＋从句”置于句首，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；（2）only置于句首修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。
【写美】 微写作
①直到那时我才真正开始欣赏我的父亲，并感激他的信念指引我们渡过难关。（投稿）
Only then and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
②只有通过相互学习我们才能一起取得进步。（建议信）
Only by learning from each other together.
③只有当我们学会与大自然和谐相处时，我们才不会再对野生动物构成威胁。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature being a threat to wildlife.
句型公式：as if从句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】 Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.
要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。
【用法】
as if/though引导表语从句或方式状语从句时，当说话人所陈述的是不真实或不可能的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词有三种情况：
（1）从句用一般过去时（与现在事实相反）；
（2）从句用过去完成时（与过去事实相反）；
（3）从句用would/could/might do形式（与将来事实相反）。
【品悟】 She worked as calmly as usual as if she had heard nothing.
她像往常一样平静地工作，仿佛什么也没有听到。
【点津】 如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。
Hurry up！It looks as if/though the train is going to move.
快点！看起来火车要开了。
【写美】 微写作
①是约翰打破了窗户。你怎么说得好像是我干的似的？（语言描写）
It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it？
②汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。（动作描写）
Tom raised his right hand as if something.
③汤姆对中国文化了解颇多，似乎他就是土生土长的中国人。（投稿）
Tom has a good knowledge of Chinese culture， .
④看那些乌云！看起来要下雨了。我们收拾一下回家吧！
Look at the dark clouds！ rain.Let’s pack and go home.
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.thought 2.What Helen would do
3.Treasure all your senses
第二步
1－5 AACCD
第三步
1.Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.
2.Hear the music of voices， the song of a bird， the mighty strains of an orchestra， as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow.Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense would fail.Smell the perfume of flowers， taste with relish each morsel， as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again.
第四步
Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.Because in her opinion， we failed to see so much worthy of note.
第五步
1.限制性定语 friend 宾语
最近，我问一个在林子里散步了许久的朋友看到了什么。
2.宾语 虚拟条件状语
我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉，哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①it ②appreciation ③taking ④appreciative
⑤appreciate your writing； appreciate it if you could write
2.①with/in ②delighted ③Much to my delight； What delights me most； I am more than delighted to get
3.①through ②over ③went against her mother’s wish
4.①around ②at/on ③into ④down/over
5.①at/about ②embarrassing
③What made me embarrassed； To my embarrassment
重点句型解构
1.①I were you； would write it in order of time
②I waited here， you would be able to find me
③should rain/were to rain/rained； would put off
④had enough money； would buy
2.①did I truly begin to appreciate my father
②can we make progress ③can we stop
3.①had done ②to say ③as if he were a native Chinese ④It looks as if/though it is going to
1 / 10(共111张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
Three Days to See①
[1]I have often thought it would be a blessing② if each human
being were stricken③ blind and deaf for a few days at some time
during his early adult life.Darkness would make him more
appreciative④ of sight； silence would teach him the joys of sound.
[1]have thought之后的宾语从句是复合句，使用了虚拟语气，表
示与现在事实相反的假设，if从句谓语用过去式（be只能用were），
主句谓语使用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。
【读文清障】
①Three Days to See （《假如给我三天光明》）是美国著名女作家海
伦·凯勒（Helen Keller，1880－1968）的代表作品之一。
②blessing n.幸事，幸运
bless vt.保佑，降福
③strike vt.侵袭；击打，碰撞
be stricken blind and deaf 突然失明、耳聋
④appreciative adj.感激的
appreciate v.欣赏；感激
appreciation n.欣赏；感激
Now and then I have tested my seeing friends⑤ to discover what
they see.[2]Recently， I asked a friend who had just returned from a
long walk in the woods⑥ what she had observed.“Nothing in
particular，” she replied.
[2]who引导定语从句修饰间接宾语a friend；what引导的宾语从
句作直接宾语。
⑤seeing friend 有视觉的朋友
⑥in the woods 在树林里
How was it possible， I asked myself， to walk for an hour
through the woods and see nothing worthy⑦ of note？ I who cannot
see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere⑧ touch.If I can
get so much pleasure from touch， how much more beauty must be
revealed⑨ by sight？ And I have imagined what I should most like to
see if I were given the use of my eyes， say for just three days.
On the first day， I should want to see the people whose kindness
and gentleness⑩ and companionship have made my life worth
living.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend
through that “window of the soul ”， the eye.I can only “see” through
my fingertips the outline of a face.[3]I should like to see the books
which have been read to me， and which have revealed to me the
deepest channels of human life and the human spirit .In the
afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate my
eyes on the beauties of the world of nature.That night， I should not
be able to sleep.
[3]本句是复合句，两个which引导的并列定语从句修饰先行词
the books。
⑦worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
worthy of 值得……的
be worthy of being done＝be worth doing 值得做
⑧mere adj.仅仅，只不过
merely adv.仅仅，只不过
through mere touch 仅凭借触觉
⑨reveal v.揭示；显示；露出；展示
revelation n.展现，显示
⑩gentleness n.和蔼，温和
gentle adj.文静的；温柔的
gentleman n.彬彬有礼的人；先生
companionship n.友谊；友好交往
see into the heart 看到内心
window of the soul 心灵之窗
outline n.外形，轮廓
the outline of a face 一张脸的轮廓
the deepest channel 最深的航道
the human spirit 人类心灵
intoxicate v.使兴奋，使陶醉
On my second day， I should like to see the pageant of man’s
progress， and I should go to the museums.I should try to probe into
the soul of man through his art.The things I knew through touch I
should now see.The evening of my second day I should spend at a
theater or at the movies.
The following morning， I should again greet the dawn，[4]
anxious to discover new delights， new revelations of beauty.Today I
shall spend in the workaday world， amid the haunts of men
going about the business of life .
[4]此处为形容词短语作状语。
pageant n.盛大的（露天）演出
the pageant of （历史事件的）缤纷场景
the pageant of man’s progress 人类发展的奇观
probe v.调查；探究
probe into 调查；探究
workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的
amid prep.在……之中
haunt n.（某人）常去的地方
amid the haunts of men到人们经常去的地方去
go about the business of life 为生活琐事而奔波
At midnight permanent night would close in on me
again.[5]Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I
realize how much I had left unseen.
[5]此处“Only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句为部分倒装，即把助
动词或情态动词提前。
permanent adj.长久的；永久的
close in on 包围，向……逼近
descend v.降临；来临
descend upon sb 降临到某人身上
I who am blind can give one hint to those who see：[6]Use your
eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.And the same method
can be applied to the other senses.Hear the music of voices， the song
of a bird， the mighty strains of an orchestra ， as if you would be
stricken deaf tomorrow.Touch each object you want to touch as if
tomorrow your tactile sense would fail.Smell the perfume of flowers
， taste with relish each morsel ， as if tomorrow you could never
smell and taste again.But of all the senses， I am sure that sight must
be the most delightful .
[6]本句使用了虚拟语气。当as if从句内容表示对将来的一种假
设时，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
（Excerpts from “Three Days to See” by Helen Keller）
be applied to 应用于
apply for 申请
mighty strains of an orchestra管弦乐队那雄浑而铿锵的旋律
tactile sense 触觉
the perfume of flowers 花的芳香
with relish 津津有味地；充满享受地
taste each morsel 品尝每一口佳肴
delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
【参考译文】
假如给我三天光明
我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间失明和失聪，那
会是一件幸事，因为黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力，静默能教人享受声音
的美妙。
我时常测试我那些看得见的朋友，想了解他们看到了什么。最
近，我问一个在林子里散步了许久的朋友看到了什么。她答道：“没
什么特别的。”
我自问，在林子里散步一小时之久，怎么可能没看到任何值得注
意的东西呢？我一个看不见的人，仅仅通过触觉，都会发现许许多多
令我感兴趣的东西。如果说仅凭触觉就能得到这么多的快乐，那么视
觉能展现多少美好的东西啊。我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉，
哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么。
第一天，我想见见那些用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生命变得有价
值的人。我无法理解通过“心灵的窗户”——眼睛，看透一个朋友的内
心是怎样的感觉。因为我只能通过我的指尖“看”到一张面孔的轮廓。
我还要看书，那些别人读给我的书，那些为我揭示了人生和人类精神
的深刻奥秘的书。到了下午，我要在树林中散步，让我的眼睛陶醉在
大自然的美景中。这个夜晚，我将无法入睡。
第二天，我要去看人类发展的缤纷场景，我要去博物馆。我要通
过艺术探究人类的灵魂。那些我之前通过触摸了解过的事物，我现在
要亲眼看一看。而这一天的傍晚，我要在剧院或者电影院度过。
第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探索更多愉悦，
发现更多美好。这天我要过平凡的生活，到那些为生活忙碌的人
常去的地方。
到了午夜，永久的黑夜将再次把我笼罩。只有当黑暗再次降临
时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。
我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明
一样去使用你的眼睛。而这种方法也可以用在其他感官上：要像明天
即将失聪一样，去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的歌唱、交响乐的震撼
音符；要像明天即将失去触觉一样，去触摸你想感受的每一件物品；
要像明天即将失去嗅觉和味觉一样，去细嗅花香、细品美食。但是，
我敢肯定，在所有的感官中，视觉的享受一定是最令人愉悦的。
（节选自海伦·凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》）
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. How did Helen feel when her friend told her she observed nothing
after a long walk？
A. Unbelievable. B. Pleased.
C. Understanding. D. Interested.
2. How does the author feel the world？
A. Mostly by touching.
B. Just using her feet.
C. Only out of imagination.
D. Just by asking her friends.
3. From the fourth paragraph， what can we infer？
A. The author used to read by herself.
B. The author would take a long walk in the woods in the afternoon.
C. The author liked to meet her friends first.
D. The author would not sleep tonight.
4. Why would the author not be able to sleep on the first night？
A. Because she would be disappointed.
B. Because she would be tired.
C. Because she would be excited.
D. Because she would be alone.
5. What does the text mainly tell us？
A. We should learn new skills.
B. We’re never too old to learn.
C. Interest is the best teacher.
D. We should treasure our senses.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the seventh paragraph carefully and find the sentence which
shows emphasis （强调）.
Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I
realize how much I had left unseen.
2. Read the last paragraph carefully and find the sentences which are
used in parallelism （排比）.
Hear the music of voices， the song of a bird， the mighty strains
of an orchestra， as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow.Touch
each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense
would fail.Smell the perfume of flowers， taste with relish each
morsel， as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
What is the hint Helen gave us？ Why did Helen give us the hint？
Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.Because in
her opinion， we failed to see so much worthy of note.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Recently，I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk
in the woods what she had observed.
句式分析 本句为复合句，who had just returned from a long
walk in the woods为who引导的 从句，修饰先
行词 ；what she had observed为what引导的
从句。
自主翻译
限制性定语
friend
宾语
最近，我问一个在林子里散步了许久的朋友看到了
什么。
2. And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given
the use of my eyes， say for just three days.
句式分析 本句为复合句，what I should most like to see为what引导
的 从句；if I were given the use of my eyes，say for just
three days为if引导的 从句。
自主翻译
宾语
虚拟条件状语
我想象过，如果我能被恩赐恢复视觉，哪怕只有三
天，我最希望看到什么。
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
appreciative adj.感激的
【教材原句】 Darkness would make him more appreciative of
sight ...黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力……
（1）be appreciative of 感激
（2）appreciate v. 感激；欣赏
appreciate （one’s） doing sth 感激（某人）做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激
（3）appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；理解
in appreciation of 感谢
【用法】
【佳句】 We have been very appreciative of their support.
我们对他们的支持一直非常感激。
【点津】 appreciate表示“感激”时，后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语；
appreciate后的宾语可以是sth或形式宾语it，但不跟sb作宾语；如果
表示“感激某人”则用thank sb。
Your support is greatly appreciated.
十分感谢你的支持。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I would appreciate if you could help me with my English.
②I’m writing to express my （appreciate） for what
you did for me during my stay in London.
③We really appreciate your （take） care of Max for the
weekend.
④To be grateful means you are thankful for and
（appreciate） of what you have and where you are on your path right
now.
it
appreciation
taking
appreciative
【写美】 一句多译
⑤如果你尽早回信，我将不胜感激。
→I would back to me as soon as possible.
→I would back to me as soon as
possible.
appreciate your writing
appreciate it if you could write
delight n.使人高兴的事 v.（使）高兴
【教材原句】 The following morning， I should again greet the
dawn， anxious to discover new delights， new revelations of beauty.
第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探索更多愉悦，发现更多
美好。
（1）to one’s delight＝to the delight of sb 令某人高兴的是
with/in delight 高兴地，乐意地
take delight in 以……为乐
（2）delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的
be delighted at/with/by ... 对……高兴
be delighted to do sth 很高兴做某事
（3）delightful adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的
【用法】
【佳句】 I am more than delighted to have a chance to inform you
that a music festival will be held in our school.
我非常高兴有机会通知你我们学校将举办音乐节。（告知信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①On seeing the gifts they wanted， the kids screamed
delight.
②The audience was clearly （delight） with the
performance.
with/in
delighted
【写美】 一句多译
③我非常高兴能得到这个给北极熊拍照的绝佳机会。
→ ，I get the golden chance to take pictures of
polar bears.（delight n.）
→ is that I get the golden chance to take
pictures of polar bears.（delight v.）
→ the golden chance to take
pictures of polar bears.（delighted）
Much to my delight
What delights me most
I am more than delighted to get
go about 着手做；从事；四处走动，旅行
【教材原句】 Today I shall spend in the workaday world， amid the
haunts of men going about the business of life.这天我要过平凡的生
活，到那些为生活忙碌的人常去的地方。
go through 通过，检查，审阅，经历
go over 仔细检查；用心思考；复习
go against 反抗；违反；对……不利
go after 追逐；追求
go by （时间）流逝，过去
go off （铃）响；（灯）熄灭；（食物）变质
【用法】
【佳句】 I want to learn German but I don’t know the best way to
go about it.
我想学德语，但我不知道怎样学最好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In the book Journey to the West， the four characters
went many trials.
②The mid-term exams is in two weeks’ time， so please seize your
time to go everything.
through
over
【写美】 补全句子
③Her mother expected her to be a doctor，but she
.
她母亲希望她成为一名医生，但她违背了母亲的愿望。
went against her
mother’s wish
knock over 撞倒；打翻
【教材原句】 Because we couldn’t see where anything was，my
friend and I knocked over glasses and dropped food.因为我们看不见
东西在哪里，我和我的朋友打翻了杯子，弄掉了食物。
【用法】
knock at/on 敲……
knock down 撞倒，击倒；拆卸
knock into 撞在……上
knock around 漫游，在某地四处旅行
knock out 使淘汰
【佳句】 I put the milk bottle there.Who knocked it over？我把牛奶
瓶放在那儿，谁把它打翻了？
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I knocked with an old friend while I was having a trip
in Beijing last week.
②A week later， on a snowy afternoon， I heard someone
knocking the door.
③Lost in thought， he almost knocked the big tree in front
of him.
④While crossing the road，the old man was knocked
by a bike.
around
at/on
into
down/over
embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的
【教材原句】 I felt embarrassed， even though no one could see me.
即使没有人能看见我，我也觉得尴尬。
【用法】
（1）be embarrassed at/about因……感到尴尬
（2）embarrassment n.困窘；尴尬；令人难堪的人
to one’s embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是
（3）embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬
It embarrasses/embarrassed sb to do sth 做某事让某人感到尴尬
（4）embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的；使人难堪的
【佳句】 Mary gave me an embarrassed smile when I asked where
she’d been.
当我问她去了哪里时，玛丽尴尬地笑了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He was embarrassed his mistakes， so he locked
himself in his room.
②He’s not used to making speeches in public； it’s
so （embarrass）.
at/about
embarrassing
【写美】 一句多译
③让我尴尬的是我的文章中有许多错误。
→ was that there were many
mistakes in my article.（embarrassed）
→ ， there were many mistakes in my
article.（embarrassment）
What made me embarrassed
To my embarrassment
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】 I have often thought it would be a blessing if each
human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time
during his early adult life.
我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间失明和失聪，那会是
一件幸事。
本句中的谓语动词使用的是虚拟语气。如果if条件从句中假设的情况
不能实现，则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气在非真实
条件句中的用法如下：
（1）与现在事实相反时，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式
用were），主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋动词原形；
（2）与过去事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动
词用would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词；
（3）与将来事实相反时，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式
用were）或“should＋动词原形”或“were to＋动词原形”，主句谓语
动词用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
【用法】
【写美】 微写作
①如果我是你，我会按时间顺序写，这样读者就很容易理解它了。
（建议信）
If ， I ， so readers
can understand it easily.
②他也拥抱了我，说：“我知道如果我在这里等着，你会找到我的。”
（语言描写）
He hugged me back， saying，“I knew if
.”
I were you
would write it in order of time
I waited here， you would
be able to find me
③如果明天下雨的话，我们将推迟运动会。（通知）
If it tomorrow， we
the sports meeting.
④如果我有足够的钱，我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的衣服。（心
理描写）
If I ， I the beautiful dress for
my daughter.
should rain/were to rain/rained
would put
off
had enough money
would buy
句型公式：“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句使用部分倒装
【教材原句】 Only when darkness had again descended upon me
should I realize how much I had left unseen.
只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。
【用法】
【品悟】 Only when you have the ambition to be successful can you
be successful eventually.
只有当你有成功的抱负的时候，你最后才能成功。
【点津】 （1）“only＋从句”置于句首，倒装的是主句，从句不倒
装；（2）only置于句首修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。
【写美】 微写作
①直到那时我才真正开始欣赏我的父亲，并感激他的信念指引我们渡
过难关。（投稿）
Only then and his faith
that guided us through the hard times.
②只有通过相互学习我们才能一起取得进步。（建议信）
Only by learning from each other together.
did I truly begin to appreciate my father
can we make progress
③只有当我们学会与大自然和谐相处时，我们才不会再对野生动物构
成威胁。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature
being a threat to wildlife.
can we stop
句型公式：as if从句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】 Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken
blind.要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。
【用法】
as if/though引导表语从句或方式状语从句时，当说话人所陈述的是
不真实或不可能的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词有三种
情况：
（1）从句用一般过去时（与现在事实相反）；
（2）从句用过去完成时（与过去事实相反）；
（3）从句用would/could/might do形式（与将来事实相反）。
【品悟】 She worked as calmly as usual as if she had heard nothing.
她像往常一样平静地工作，仿佛什么也没有听到。
【点津】 如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能
发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。
Hurry up！It looks as if/though the train is going to move.
快点！看起来火车要开了。
【写美】 微写作
①是约翰打破了窗户。你怎么说得好像是我干的似的？（语言描写）
It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if
I it？
②汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。（动作描写）
Tom raised his right hand as if something.
③汤姆对中国文化了解颇多，似乎他就是土生土长的中国人。
（投稿）
Tom has a good knowledge of Chinese culture，
.
had done
to say
as if he were a
native Chinese
④看那些乌云！看起来要下雨了。我们收拾一下回家吧！
Look at the dark clouds！
rain.Let’s pack and go home.
It looks as if/though it is going to
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. After many hearing tests， it was determined that I
had （永久的） hearing loss in that ear.
2. We gave stockings to the women， which they loved， and in
return， they gave us （香水） for our girlfriends.
permanent
perfume
3. By the time he was 14， Mozart had composed many pieces for the
harpsichord，piano and violin，as well as for （管
弦乐队）.
4. The company will cooperate with any government （调
查） in the matter as well.
5. It’s worth reading （文学的） books because they can
help us to know more about the society and life.
6. I’m going to become a teacher after my graduation， for teaching is
considered as a （值得尊敬的） cause.
7. The （轮廓） of animals were cut into the rock.
orchestras
probe
literary
worthy
outlines
8. As d broke， the outline of a building became distinct against
the sky.
9. It is a b that all the people managed to flee from the village
before the war broke out.
10. It can’t be a m coincidence that they left at the same time.
awn
lessing
ere
维度二：词形转换
1. When it was his turn to give his speech， he walked onto the stage，
nervous and （embarrass）.
2.98％ of the Antarctic’s surface is covered
（permanent） in the ice cap.
3. It is reported that the （reveal） of his past led to his
resignation.
4. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for
advanced （literary） because I like English and I’m
good at it.
embarrassed
permanently
revelation
literature
5. Some students act this way （mere） because they are
afraid of being called on by the teacher.
6. When someone is unkind to you，try responding
with （gentle）.
7. Altogether， it was a （delight） town garden，
peaceful and wonderful.
8. I’m truly （appreciate） of all the support and
encouragement.
merely
gentleness
delightful
appreciative
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Seeing the scene， the woman sank into the chair，
（一句话也说不出来）.
2. Only when he left his village
（他才意识到他多么爱他的家人）.
3. Let us （接近） nature and come to deal with her.
4. With natural resources becoming fewer and fewer， how to
（利用） energy has become our top priority.
5. I found his attitude very stiff，
（好像他一点也不高兴）.
unable to say
one word
did he realize how he loved his
family
close in on
make
use of
as if he were not at all pleased
6. （如果当时你掌握了
急救知识）， your help would have made a difference.
7. Early to bed and early to rise
（使人健康又聪明）.
8. （时而，有时） I like to walk along the beach
and forget my problems.
9. Everybody says it is worth seeing but I find nothing
（特别，尤其） about that place.
10. So everything that happens to you
（值得赞美和感谢）.
If you’d mastered a knowledge of first aid
makes a man healthy and wise
Now and then
in
particular
is worthy of praise and
thanks
维度四：课文语法填空
I have imagined what I should most like to see if I 1.
（give） the use of my eyes， say for just three days.
On the first day， I should want to see the people 2.
kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my life worth
3. （live）.On my second day， I should like to see the
pageant of man’s progress， 4. I should go to the museums.I
should try to probe 5. the soul of man through his art.
were
given
whose
living
and
into
6. following morning， I should again greet the dawn， anxious
7. （discover） new delights， new revelations of
beauty.I shall spend the day in the workaday world， amid the haunts
of men 8. （go） about the business of life.Only when
darkness had again descended upon me 9. I realize how
much I had left unseen.I who am blind can give one hint to those who
see： Use your eyes as if tomorrow you 10.
（strike） blind.And the same method can be applied to the other
senses.
The
to discover
going
should
would be stricken
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jenn Larson was just 14 years old when she took over the
bookkeeping for her family’s dairy farm near Firth， Idaho.She soon
saw first-hand how challenging it was for her parents， who lacked
any college education， to properly manage the unpredictable
earnings of farming.This started a lifelong passion for finance， and it
led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never
had.
Yet， such ambitions ran in obvious contrast to everything
familiar to her.“I didn’t have any advisors，” Larson says.“I didn’t
have anyone to look up to for a professional example.All the women I
associated with were stay-at-home moms.” Despite having parents who
couldn’t fully understand her ambitions， Larson went to the BYU
Marriott School， where she earned a business degree and focused
much of her coursework on international finance.
Larson worked for seven years as a financial representative with
Northwestern Mutual， advising clients on important financial
decisions.Larson returned to BYU Marriott in 2008 to earn an MBA，
and accepted a position in the school as an assistant professor
following her graduation.For more than a decade， Larson has taught
finance classes to undergraduate and MBA students.While she teaches
finance， Larson tries to help her students see how mastering finance
principles can also impact their personal lives.
Constantly balancing motherhood and work， Larson makes
adjustments to the way she teaches.She gave birth to her first three
children in three years while teaching at BYU Marriott， wondering
at times if labor might start while in front of a class full of
students.During the pandemic， Larson taught online classes from her
dining room table while taking care of a newborn and other young
children at home.
As a female instructor in the often male-dominated finance
industry， Larson works to inspire other women who seek a similar
path to hers.Larson became the role model that she never had — the
example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet
couldn’t find.Now， Labor on’s children and students will always have
that example.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。珍·拉尔森14岁时接管簿记工作的经
历让她有了学习金融专业的想法，但是她没有人可以寻求专业的相
关建议。她努力奋斗，成为自己的孩子和学生的榜样。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。珍·拉尔森14岁时接管簿记工作的经
历让她有了学习金融专业的想法，但是她没有人可以寻求专业的相
关建议。她努力奋斗，成为自己的孩子和学生的榜样。
1. What motivated Larson to major in finance？
A. Her experience of managing accounts.
B. Her strong desire for college education.
C. The high expectations from her parents.
D. The challenging labor on her dairy farm.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，拉尔森接管簿记
工作的经历让她有了学习金融专业的想法。
2. What problem did Larson face when she decided to study finance？
A. She had no one to ask for advice.
B. She was unsure about the coursework.
C. She was misunderstood by her neighbours.
D. She was unfamiliar with everything at school.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中Larson说的话可知，拉尔森
决定学习金融专业时，她面临着没有人可以咨询相关情况的问题。
3. What does the underlined word “labor” in Paragraph 4 probably
mean？
A. The work of looking after a baby.
B. The process of dealing with students.
C. The process of giving birth to a baby.
D. The work of adjusting teaching methods.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知，拉尔森是在教
书期间生下了三个孩子，所以她担心会不会在学生面前生孩子。所
以，画线词labor意为“生孩子”。
4. What can be a suitable title for the text？
A. Following Your Interest
B. Balancing Work and Family
C. Becoming Your Own Role Model
D. Seeking a Way to Become a Role Model
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，通过努力奋斗，珍·拉尔森
在没有人能为她提供建议的金融专业上成为自己的孩子和学生的榜
样。故C项最适合作文章标题。
B
On 22 February 2021， the cancer survivor Hayley Arceneaux
was selected to be one of four crew members of the SpaceX
Inspiration4 — the world’s first civilian astronaut mission.The 29-
year-old woman made history as the youngest American — and the
first with a false limb — to travel to space.
Hayley’s space dreams began about two decades ago， following a
visit to the NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston，
Texas.However， the young girl’s dreams were upset a year later when
she was diagnosed with osteosarcoma （骨肉瘤） — a type of bone
cancer.
Fortunately， the fatal disease had been caught early and the
experts at St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis were able
to reduce its spread through chemotherapy （化疗） and by replacing
the diseased bones with metal rods （杆） in her left leg.Arceneaux
said she never thought she would be able to go to space.But when the
call came “out of the blue” from Jared Isaacman， CEO and founder
of Shift4 Payments， asking her if she would like to go to space， she
said without hesitation，“Yes， yes， absolutely！”
Isaacman had always intended to go to space.Hence when SpaceX
announced the world’s first all-commercial astronaut mission， the
billionaire instantly booked the available four seats.The flying
enthusiast announced that he would donate three seats to members of
the general public.Hayley， the first crew member to be announced，
will represent the pillar of “hope” — a nod to her survival of cancer
and frontline work as a physician assistant at St.Jude.The remaining
passengers， representing the pillars of “generosity” and
“prosperity”， will be chosen randomly to raise $200 million for
St.Jude， which treats children at no charge.
“When I was just 10 years old， St.Jude gave me the opportunity
to grow up，” Hayley said.“Now I am fulfilling my dreams of working
at the research hospital and traveling around the world.It’s incredible
to be a part of this mission that is not only raising crucial funds for the
lifesaving work of St.Jude but also introducing new supporters to the
mission and showing cancer survivors that anything is possible.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。2021年2月22日，癌症幸存者Hayley
Arceneaux被选为太空探索技术公司“灵感4号”的四名宇航员之一，
29岁的她成为美国历史上第一位使用假肢进入太空的美国人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。2021年2月22日，癌症幸存者Hayley
Arceneaux被选为太空探索技术公司“灵感4号”的四名宇航员之一，
29岁的她成为美国历史上第一位使用假肢进入太空的美国人。
5. What can we know about Hayley Arceneaux？
A. She is a disabled woman.
B. She is a famous physician.
C. She used to be a fighter pilot.
D. She suffers from advanced cancer.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的the first with a
false limb可知，Hayley Arceneaux是一个残疾人。
6. What does the underlined phrase “out of the blue” in Paragraph 3
mean？
A. Sadly. B. Strangely.
C. Randomly. D. Suddenly.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Arceneaux said she never
thought she would be able to go to space.可知，这个邀请电话来得
很突然。由此推知，画线部分意为“突然地”。
7. Why will Jared Isaacman donate the last two seats to members of
the general public？
A. To promote his company’s products.
B. To raise funds for a cancer hospital.
C. To inspire interests in space travel.
D. To seek help for disabled children.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Jared
Isaacman捐出剩下的两个席位给公众是为了给一家癌症医院筹
集资金。
8. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？
A. The Sky Is Not Even the Limit for Jared Isaacman
B. Hayley’s Space Dreams Were Upset by Osteosarcoma
C. Cancer Survivor to Become the Youngest American in Space
D. Hayley Arceneaux — the First American Travelling in Space
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主
要讲述了一位癌症幸存者成为美国最年轻的太空人的故事。故C项
为文章最佳标题。
C
A little boy has written and illustrated （加插图于） a storybook
himself to help raise money to buy a new wheelchair.Alfie Dormand
began writing his book The Monkeys That Stole A Bus after being
inspired by a day out at Paignton Zoo.He even illustrated the book
himself using a computer program to create colourful drawings to
illustrate his imaginative tale.
Through sales of his storybook on the Internet and donation
through his Just Giving page， Alfie has raised over ￡1，000 towards
the costs of the new electric wheelchair， which would give him
greater independence than his current manual （手动的）
wheelchair.He has a disease called Ll syndrome and a related condition
known as Hydrocephalus （脑积水）， both of which affect his ability
to move.
His mum Michelle Dortmund said， “We hired an electric
wheelchair three years ago when we went to Paignton Zoo and he
loved it.We were delighted to see him get around in the wheelchair
without being pushed by others.He fell in love with the flamingos （火
烈鸟）.When he saw how cheeky the monkeys were， it just gave him
some ideas for stories.”
Teachers have been reading the book to other pupils at Alfie’s
school.Parents have been buying the book to support the Alfie’s
fundraising efforts， with Alfie even signing books like a
professional.The winner of the World’s Strongest Man competition，
Eddie Hall， also features in the book， and the strong man bought a
copy and sent Alfie a video to say thanks.
The schoolboy likes to make little stories.He does all of the
drawings on the computer himself as he finds using a pen difficult.
As the story shows， life can be so difficult.However， positively
face it and work hard， and we’ll get help from others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩Alfie Dormand通
过写书筹款买电动轮椅的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩Alfie Dormand通
过写书筹款买电动轮椅的故事。
9. What gave Alfie the idea for his book The Monkeys That Stole A
Bus？
A. A visit to a zoo.
B. A storybook he’d read.
C. Requirements of parents.
D. Teachers’ encouragement.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Alfie Dormand began ...at
Paignton Zoo.可知，参观动物园给了Alfie写《偷公共汽车的猴子》
这本书的灵感。
10. What may an electric wheelchair bring to Alfie？
A. Dependence. B. Convenience.
C. Carefulness. D. Indifference.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可推知，电动轮椅可能
为Alfie带来便利。
11. What is mainly shown in Paragraph 4？
A. A world competition.
B. Details about Alfie’s book.
C. Support from the public.
D. Alfie’s book signing event.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，在Alfie就读的学
校，老师把他的书读给其他学生听；家长积极购书以支持他买轮
椅；世界大力士比赛的获胜者也买书相助。由此可知，本段主要
讲述了大众对Alfie的支持。
12. Which word can best describe Alfie？
A. Inspiring. B. Energetic.
C. Sensitive. D. Caring.
解析： 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可推
知，Alfie是一个很励志的男孩，他的故事是鼓舞人心的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has.There is
nothing more exhausting than not succeeding. 13
In the former case， we keep putting off a task because it was
either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it， the more
tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real， even if not actually
physical， not something in our muscles and bones. 14
Years ago， I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of
some famous authors.Applying my own rule， I determined to write
them alphabetically， never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I
always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-
writing.The experience proved that the rule works.
15 Though willing to get started， we cannot seem to do the
job right.Its difficulties appear so great that， however hard we
work， we fail again and again.In such a situation， I work as hard as
I can then let the unconsciousness （无意识） take over.
When planning Encyclopedia Britannica， I had to create a table
of contents based on the topics of its articles.Day after day， I kept
coming up with solutions， but none of them worked. 16 One
day， mentally exhausted， I tried to convince myself that the trouble
was with the problem itself， not with me.Relieved， I sat back in an
easy chair and fell asleep. 17 In the weeks that followed， the
solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at
every step.Though I worked as hard as before， I felt no
fatigue.Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings， I believe must try to succeed.Success， then，
means never feeling tired.
A. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
B. I felt depressed and gave it up eventually.
C. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
D. Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness.
E. An hour later， I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in my
mind.
F. The solution is not easy to apply： always handle the most difficult
job first.
G. Here are two ways of exhaustion — start-up fatigue and
performance fatigue.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系
展开论述，以亲身经历为例提出措施：如何解决启动疲劳和执行疲
劳。
13. G 根据上文There is nothing more exhausting than not
succeeding.和下文In the former ...or too difficult.可知，空格处应指出
疲惫感分为两种情况，引出下文。G项符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系
展开论述，以亲身经历为例提出措施：如何解决启动疲劳和执行疲
劳。
14. F 根据上文可知，我们会因为拖延太无聊、太难的工作而感到疲
惫不堪。F项提出了一个解决这种情况的办法，即先处理最困难的
事，符合语境。
15. C 根据下文可知，此处讲述另一种疲劳——执行疲劳。C项符合
语境。
16. A 上文讲述作者在做一项任务时，日复一日地想不出可行的
办法，A项承接上文，总是想不出解决办法，让作者疲惫不堪，符
合语境。
17. E 根据空前一句可知，作者躺在安乐椅上睡着了。E项（一个小
时之后，我突然醒来，脑海中清晰地有了解决办法）承接上文，符合
语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
请你以“An Unforgettable Experience”为题，用英语写一篇短
文，叙述一次让你难忘的经历。内容包括：
1. 事情的经过；
2. 你感到难忘的原因或从中得到的启示。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
An Unforgettable Experience
I never forget how proud I felt when I did a foreigner a favour on
the Great Wall.It was a cold day.When I was enjoying the fantastic
view of the Great Wall， a middle-aged foreigner came to me and
asked if I could tell him something about it.Encouraged by the guide，
I gave him a vivid description of the history of the Great Wall in
English.The foreigner felt pleased， saying that it was a marvelous
wonder in the world.
I felt proud， not only because I was helpful to a foreigner， but
also because I could spread our splendid culture to the world.
谢谢观看！
