Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1. （work） with Jane in the same office helped me to get a good understanding of her independent working style.
2.Nowadays， （equip） with a knowledge of computer is an essential qualification for most of the posts in the job market.
3. （represent） our school to participate in the activity made me more motivated.
4.For a lot of people， （be） a millionaire is a symbol of success.
5.It is no use （argue） with him about the question.He won’t change his mind.
6.There can be no （deny） that he could have done it better if given more time.
7.It is very difficult for me （teach） such a naughty boy.
8.Planning so far ahead （make） no sense — so many things will have changed by next year.
9.It is an enjoyable experience （listen） to music while you’re jogging.
10.It is fun （go） to a party with a lot of people.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. ， I think， will benefit them in the long run.
鼓励孩子们亲近大自然，我认为，从长远来看，对他们是有益的。
2.It isn’t worthwhile （spend） so much time on minor problems.
花这么多时间在小问题上是不值得的。
3. made the teacher angry.
他上课迟到让老师生气了。
4.Walking for both young and old.
散步对年轻人和老年人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。
5.As the saying goes， over spilt milk.
俗话说，覆水难收。
6.It takes me half an hour every day.
我每天步行上班要花半小时。
7.As an English teacher， I think it necessary
every day.
作为一名英语老师，我认为每天练习听说很有必要。
8. is of vital importance to our health.
在体育馆花一些时间对我们的健康至关重要。
9.After-class activities can give us amusement and help us to relax ourselves， among which
.
课外活动可以给我们快乐，帮助我们放松自己，其中打篮球是我的最爱。
10.Not until then did he realize that before sleeping.
直到那时，他才意识到睡前看视频很浪费时间。
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给动词的适当形式完成下面短文
For each class in our school， there are two to three periods of PE class every week， in which 1. （play） basketball and 2. （run） are offered to students.Besides， the school sports 3. （meet） is held annually，which students can take part in according to their interests.What I recommend to you to learn is Chinese kungfu， a traditional sport in China.4. （practise） it regularly will help you stay fit in a fantastic way.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time.He had amazing athletic abilities and was well known during his lifetime， yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity.
Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor.It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice.Many would say his childhood was not easy.He grew up poor and at age 9， his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.
But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams.Nothing seemed to stop him， not even stolen shoes.Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics， somebody stole his shoes.Thorpe improvised by getting shoes out of the garbage.The shoes were two different sizes.He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.
He still went on to win two gold medals — winning each event he competed in except for one， the javelin （标枪）.The javelin was the only event he didn’t win， probably because he had never competed in that event before.It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials.At the time， he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start.He threw it standing still and was placed second.
At the Olympics， he also took part in the decathlon （十项全能运动）.He finished first in two events， third in four events， and fourth in two more.Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world.He was undoubtedly a dominating force that couldn’t be stopped and just kept on going.
I think Paul Dughi said it best， “It’s hard to imagine now that pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes.For Jim Thorpe， it didn’t matter what kind he wore.”
1.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean？
A.The adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.
B.Thorpe’s success was no guarantee of a better life.
C.Thorpe’s career brought him both gains and losses.
D.Thorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.
2.Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot？
A.To prevent the foot from injury.
B.To make the shoe fit the foot.
C.To stop the shoe from being stolen.
D.To show his problem-solving skills.
3.What most likely led to Thorpe’s failure to win the javelin？
A.Loss of his own sports shoes.
B.A casual attitude towards the event.
C.Lack of experience in the event.
D.A shortage of talent for the event.
4.Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe？
A.Loyal and enthusiastic.
B.Genuine and creative.
C.Tough and strong-minded.
D.Selfless and good-tempered.
B
Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death， but football， rugby and running may not help people to live longer， a study suggests.
A study followed more than 80，000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death.It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period， reducing their individual risk by 47 per cent compared with people who did no exercise.Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 per cent， aerobics （有氧运动） fans by 27 per cent and cyclists by 15 per cent.Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early， and neither did playing football or rugby.
Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash （壁球）， which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game.It means that people often have larger social networks and tend to keep up activities into later life， both of which are proven to be good for health.
In contrast， people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family， or injury reasons.They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity.
The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 per cent lower risk from heart death.Similarly， swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 per cent， and people who took part in activities like aerobics， dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 per cent.But again running， football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths.
However， other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease.In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease.
5.Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death？
A.Cycling. B.Swimming.
C.Rugby. D.Tennis.
6.According to the study， which makes a big difference in keeping healthy？
A.Playing basketball with their friends occasionally.
B.Watching football games every day.
C.Taking up gymnastics and joining a club.
D.Doing running in the park every day.
7.What is considered more important to people’s health？
A.Social networks. B.Staying at home.
C.Physical examinations. D.Setting up families.
8.What is the main idea of the text？
A.Thousands of people participated in a 9-year research.
B.Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer.
C.It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease.
D.There are differences between racket sports and team games.
C
I loved weightlifting and began to do that at 12 years old.During my first year of high school， I increased the amount of training and put everything into my dream to one day compete internationally.Unfortunately， I was not a naturally-gifted athlete.But I worked hard.When I was a senior in high school， I won two national championships and earned nine national-level medals in all.
However， I didn’t make it to compete for Team USA.I didn’t meet the requirements for the IWF Youth World Championships team and was later an alternate（侯补者） for the Pan-American Youth Championships team.I struggled to accept the fact that I never achieved the one goal I worked for during the last four years， representing Team USA internationally.I lost the passion I once had for the sport and took a step back from competing for a few months.
After I started college， I once again came into contact with barbells（杠铃） during my PE classes.Once I touched the barbell again， I just wanted to continue lifting weights and see how far I could physically and mentally push myself.I decided to start training full-time again to see what I could achieve during the rest of my college years.
I stopped caring about the weight on the bar， the girls I was competing against and the idea of being on Team USA.I started focusing on being confident and consistent with every lift-training with consistent weights on the barbells， skills and positive self-encouragement.Training and weightlifting became a competition with myself， rather than with other weightlifters.
During University Nationals 2022， I represented Temple as a university student.It was the first competition in my eight years of competing where I felt confident during every lift.The work I put into the six minutes spent on the lift paid off in every way.Later， I became a 2022 All-American athlete and finally made my first international team.
9.What did the author achieve in weightlifting as a senior in high school？
A.Discovering her great weightlifting talent.
B.Competing in an international game.
C.Becoming a member of Team USA.
D.Winning several national medals.
10.How did the author probably feel as an alternate for the Pan-American Youth Championships team？
A.Honoured. B.Discouraged.
C.Nervous. D.Satisfied.
11.What did the author focus on in weightlifting during college？
A.Making progress for herself.
B.Increasing weight on the barbells.
C.Competing with other weightlifters.
D.Entering international weightlifting games.
12.What lesson can we possibly learn from the author’s experience？
A.Set goals and stay focused.
B.Push our limits until success.
C.Be ourselves and enjoy the process.
D.Get along with those better than us.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Sports psychologists frequently recommend creating mini-milestones on the way to a big goal.There are many steps on the 13 from a base camp to a mountain’s summit.Likewise， there are smaller， more achievable 14 to reach and celebrate as you venture ahead into the unknown.
“Setting goals that are controllable makes it 15 to adapt，”Dr. Meijen said.“If you set goals that are controlled by other people， and 16 that aren’t realistic or are tough or boring， those are much harder to 17 .”
The professional runner Coree Woltering is especially 18 at achieving mini-goals.The long-distance runner has stood on the podium （讲台） after 19 from 50 kilometers to 100 miles.This summer， he set his sights on breaking the 20 record on the Ice Age Trail：some 1，147 miles across Wisconsin.He ran more than 50 miles a day for three weeks 21 to accomplish the action.
“I’m really good at breaking things down into 22 increases and setting micro-goals，” he said.How micro？
“I 23 things down into 10 seconds at a time，” Mr Woltering continued.“You just have to be present in what you are doing， and you have to know that it may not be the most fun or super-painful now， but that could change in 10 24 down the road.”
And it may not 25 quickly， Mr Woltering said he had 26 six-hour stretches counting to 10 over and over again.“You just keep moving and keep 27 ，” he said.“And you have to have faith that it will change at some point.”
13.A.path B.stairs
C.street D.floor
14.A.plans B.milestones
C.tasks D.sides
15.A.safer B.slower
C.easier D.harder
16.A.rules B.directions
C.measures D.goals
17.A.set down B.adapt to
C.deal with D.take up
18.A.skilled B.amazed
C.satisfied D.aimed
19.A.rides B.jogging
C.races D.swimming
20.A.cycling B.going
C.walking D.running
21.A.in a row B.in a way
C.in a while D.in any case
22.A.sharp B.small
C.great D.high
23.A.take B.put
C.break D.bring
24.A.weeks B.hours
C.minutes D.seconds
25.A.drive B.disappear
C.look D.change
26.A.wasted B.spent
C.left D.taken
27.A.counting B.figuring
C.adding D.repeating
Ⅲ.语法填空
What makes something a sport？Traditional definitions usually included some physical activities 28 show athletic ability or strength.But some sports can take the form of mental competitions.For instance， chess 29 （recognize） as a sport by the International Olympic Committee in 1999.Now， some people wonder 30 eSports should also be considered sports.
The word eSports is short for electronic sports.It is 31 form of competition in which professional players or gamers play video games either in teams or individually. 32 （typical）， the winners receive prize money at the end of the competition.
The first eSports event was the one 33 （hold） by Stanford University in the 1970s， for the game Spacewar！ Over the next 30 years， video games exploded in 34 （popular）.More and more countries， such as South Korea， China and the United States， started to develop eSports into an industry.In the 2000s， television broadcasts of the competitions， 35 （feature） games like Street Fighter Ⅲ， StarCraft Ⅱ， and Counter-Strike， became popular.In the 2010s， thanks 36 online streaming services， eSports grew rapidly with more worldwide tournaments， more viewers， and larger 37 （prize）.In 2020， the industry made more than $1 billion for the first time ever.
28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36.
37.
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Working 2.being equipped 3.Representing 4.being 5.arguing 6.denying 7.to teach 8.makes 9.to listen 10.going
维度二
1.Encouraging children to get close to the nature
2.spending/to spend
3.His being late for class
4.is a good form of exercise
5.it is no use crying
6.to walk to work
7.to practice listening and speaking
8.Spending some time in the gym
9.playing basketball is my favourite
10.it was a waste of time watching videos
维度三
1.playing 2.running 3.meeting 4.Practising
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
1.D 句意理解题。根据第二段内容可知，吉姆·索普经历了很多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡，青年时又困扰于种族偏见带来的磨难。再根据画线句前面的yet表转折意义可知，画线句子的意思是“虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦难”。adversity意为“困境，逆境”。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The shoes were two ...even them out.可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋合脚。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，他没有参加过标枪比赛，因此比赛经验不足最可能是他失利的原因。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，吉姆·索普成长过程中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三段中的But that did not stop ...not even stolen shoes.正是对他坚韧不拔性格的刻画。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果：网球等运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知， 然而，跑步似乎对早逝概率毫无影响，踢足球和橄榄球也没有影响。因此橄榄球对降低早逝概率没有太大影响。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知， 科学家说，这一差异可能在于网球和壁球等运动所涉及的社会层面，这些运动通常与俱乐部和有组织的户外活动有关。因此想要保持健康，最好开始做体操并加入俱乐部。
7.A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这意味着人们经常有更广的社交网络，并且倾向于在以后的生活中继续活动，而这两点都被证明是有益健康的。因此，对健康最重要的是社交网络。
8.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究成果：网球等运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何从一名差点放弃举重梦想的高中生到成为一名全美举重运动员的历程。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的When I was a senior ...medals in all.可知，作者在高中四年级时赢得了几枚国家奖牌。
10.B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，成为泛美青年锦标赛代表队的候补队员后，作者很难接受，失去了热情。由此可推测出，作者感到很灰心。
11.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的I started focusing on ...with other weightlifters.可推测出，作者在大学期间举重时专注于自我进步。
12.C 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第四段内容可推测出，作者的经历让我们知道，要做我们自己，享受自己努力的过程，不要太关注外在的东西和最终的目标，这样我们最终会实现我们的梦想。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了职业长跑运动员Coree Woltering擅长将目标分解成微小的目标以期实现远大目标。
13.A 根据下文的from a base camp to a mountain’s summit可知，从大本营到山顶的路上有许多步。path意为“道路，小路”，符合语境。
14.B 根据上文的creating mini-milestones on the way to a big goal可知，此处指的是有更小的且更可实现的里程碑要到达并庆祝。
15.C 根据上文的Setting goals that are controllable以及下文的If you set goals that are controlled by other people ... those are much harder to ...可知，上下文形成对比，与harder对应的是easier。
16.D 根据上文的If you set goals that are controlled by other people可知，此处指的是不现实、艰难或无聊的目标。
17.B 根据上文的Setting goals that are controllable makes it 15 to adapt可知，此处指的是那些是更难适应的目标。短语adapt to意为“适应”，符合语境。
18.A 根据下文的I’m really good at breaking things down ... 可知，此处指的是职业长跑运动员Coree Woltering特别擅长实现微小目标。短语be skilled at意为“擅长……”，与be good at同义。
19.C 因为Coree Woltering是职业长跑运动员，所以他应是在从50公里级别跨升到100英里级别的赛跑后站在讲台上。race意为“赛跑”，符合语境。
20.D 因为Coree Woltering是职业长跑运动员，所以此处指的是今年夏天，他的目标是打破冰河时代步道的跑步纪录：横跨威斯康星州大约1，147英里的路程。
21.A 根据上文的He ran more than 50 miles a day for three weeks可知，他连续跑三周，每天跑50多英里。in a row意为“连续几次地，接连几天地”，符合语境。
22.B 根据下文的setting micro-goals可知，此处指的是把事情分解成小的增长并设定微小目标。
23.C 根据上文的I’m really good at breaking things down into ... 可知，此处指的是把事情分解成一次10秒。短语break down意为“分解”，符合语境。
24.D 根据上文的10 seconds at a time可知，此处指的是在路上那可能在10秒后发生改变。
25.D 根据上文的but that could change in 10可知，此处指的是它可能不会很快改变。
26.B 此处指的是他已经花了六个小时的时间，一次又一次地数到10。短语spend time doing sth 意为“花费时间做某事”，符合语境。
27.A 根据上文的counting to 10 over and over again可知，此处指的是你仅仅一直移动并一直数数。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电子竞技是否也应该被称作体育，并讲到了电子竞技的起源和发展。
28.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示物的名词短语physical activities，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
29.was recognized 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知， recognize是本句的谓语。结合时间状语in 1999可知，时态用一般过去时；主语chess与recognize之间是被动关系；主语chess为第三人称单数。故填was recognized。
30.if/whether 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。结合句意“现在一些人想知道电子竞技是否应该也被认为是体育”可知，空处表“是否”，故填if/whether。
31.a 考查冠词。结合语境“它是一种竞技形式”可知，此处需要一个冠词，表泛指；且空后的form的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
32.Typically 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子应用副词，注意首字母大写。故填Typically。
33.held 考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是was， hold在句中为非谓语，与逻辑主语one之间构成动宾关系，故填held。
34.popularity 考查词形转换。空处跟在介词in之后充当宾语，应用名词形式。故填popularity。
35.featuring 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是became， feature在句中为非谓语动词，与主语television broadcasts of the competitions之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填featuring。
36.to 考查介词。固定表达thanks to意为“由于，幸亏”。故填to。
37.prizes 考查名词复数。prize与空前的tournaments和viewers并列，同样需要用复数形式，故填prizes。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
动词-ing形式作主语
1.Knowing where the ball would go wasn’t easy.
2.In this way， practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.
3.Playing basketball was his dream.
【我的发现】
动词-ing形式作主语通常表示 的动作，谓语动词用单数。在句1，2，3中都是动词-ing形式作 语。
一、动词-ing形式作主语的几种情况
1.动词-ing形式作主语通常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词要用单数。
Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 10 hours from here.
从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要用10个小时。
Doing is better than wishing.实干比空想好。
2.动词-ing形式作主语，且主语较长时，为了平衡句子结构，通常用it 作形式主语。常见句式如下：
It is/
was
It is a waste of time trying persuading such a person.
试图说服这样一个人是浪费时间的。
It is no good eating too much sweet food.
吃太多的甜食没有好处。
3.在There is no结构中，通常用动词-ing形式，意为“不可能，没有”。
There is no joking about such a matter.
这种事开不得玩笑。
There was no knowing when he would leave .
无法知道他什么时候离开。
二、动词-ing形式作主语时谓语动词的单复数
动词-ing作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式；但两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动词-ing作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
To many parents， raising children means providing them with food and clothes.They are wrong as mental care is also important for kids.
对许多父母来说，养育孩子意味着为他们提供衣食。他们错了，因为心理关怀对孩子也很重要。
Eating and dressing are still a big question in some African countries.
衣食在一些非洲国家还是一个很大的问题。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
① （play） with fire is dangerous.
② （expose） to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language.
③Taking a walk every day （help） us keep healthy.
④Walking， running and cycling （be） all healthy forms of exercise.
⑤There is no （deny） that （expose） to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.
⑥It is no use （reason） with such a stubborn person.
三、动词不定式与动词-ing形式作主语时的区别
动词不定式作主语 往往表示具体的或一次性的动作
动词-ing形式作主语 表示一般或抽象的多次性行为
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火是危险的。（泛指玩火）
To play with fire will be dangerous.
玩火将很危险。（指某一具体动作）
【即时演练2】 补全句子
①For middle school students， is the easiest way to effectively promote active learning.
对中学生而言，问问题是有效促进主动学习最简单的方法。
② ranks first in boys’ after-class activities.So seems quite unusual and surprising to the guys.
踢足球在男孩的课外活动中排第一，所以今天学打排球对于这些孩子来说很不寻常和令人惊讶。
cheat v.欺骗，作弊
【教材原句】 Using video technology to help judge our sporting competitions can make sure that no one cheats.使用视频技术来帮助评判体育比赛能确保没有人作弊。
【用法】
cheat sb （out） of sth 骗走某人（某物）
get cheated 被骗
cheat in the exam 考试作弊
cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
cheat death （＝have a narrow escape） 死里逃生，幸免于难
【佳句】 They will buy less if they find they get cheated， and your supermarket will get a bad reputation.
如果他们发现自己被骗了，他们会买的更少，而且你的超市会得到一个坏名声。
【点津】 cheat还可用作名词，意为“骗子”。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Students who are found （cheat） in the exam will be punished.
②He her money.
他骗了那位老太太的钱。
【写美】 一句多译
③去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
→Last year I ， and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.（escape）
→Last year I ，and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.（cheat）
honour v.尊敬，敬重；给……以荣誉 n.[U] 荣誉；荣幸 [C] 光荣的人或事
【教材原句】 In this spirit， the Laureus World Sports Awards is an annual ceremony to honour remarkable sportspeople.
本着这种精神，劳伦斯世界体育奖是一个以表彰杰出运动员的年度颁奖典礼。
【用法】
（1）honour sb with sth 用……向某人表示敬意
honour sb with sth for sth 因某事而给予某人荣誉
be/feel honoured to do sth 因做某事而感到荣幸
（2）in honour of/in one’s honour 为了纪念……；为向……表示敬意
have the honour of doing/to do sth有幸做某事
It is an honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事
【佳句】 He has been honoured with a knighthood for his scientific work.
他因科研成就而获授爵士头衔。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①On behalf of our school， I have the honour （inform） you that you are admitted to Guangming Senior Middle School.
②I am honoured （stand） here to share my excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring to you.
③It’s my honour （introduce） National Day to you.It is one of the most significant festivals in China， which falls on 1 October every year.
【写美】 翻译句子
④能认识您不胜荣幸。
remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的
【教材原句】 In this spirit， the Laureus World Sports Awards is an annual ceremony to honour remarkable sportspeople.
本着这种精神，劳伦斯世界体育奖是一个以表彰杰出运动员的年度颁奖典礼。
【用法】
（1）be remarkable for 以……著称
（2）remark n. 言论；谈论；评论
vt.&vi. 谈论，评论；谈到
make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论
（3）remark on/upon 评论……
remark that ... 评论……；谈到……
【佳句】 As long as you work hard， you’ll see a remarkable improvement in your classroom performance during the next term.
只要你努力学习，下学期你在课堂上的表现就会有显著的进步。
【联想】 （1）“以……著称”还可用be famous for， be well-known for， be noted for来表达。
（2）“对……发表评论”还可用comment on或make comments/a comment on来表达。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It would be rude to remark a lady’s appearance.
②One of the popular tourist attractions in Shandong Province is Mount Tai， which is remarkable its long history and natural scenery.
③Thanks to your constant encouragement， I have been making （remark） progress in English.
【写美】 补全句子
④Foreign guests the children while they were watching the performance.
外国客人在观看表演时对孩子们发表了评论。
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
经常性、习惯性 主
即时演练1
①Playing ②Being exposed ③helps ④are
⑤denying； being exposed ⑥reasoning
即时演练2
①asking questions
②Playing football； to learn to play volleyball today
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①cheating ②cheated the old woman （out） of
③had a narrow escape； cheated death
2.①to inform ②to stand ③to introduce
④It is a great honour to make your acquaintance.
3.①on/upon ②for ③remarkable
④made a remark/remarks on/upon
1 / 4(共83张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
1
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
动词-ing形式作主语
1. Knowing where the ball would go wasn’t easy.
2. In this way， practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen
his skills.
3. Playing basketball was his dream.
【我的发现】
动词-ing形式作主语通常表示 的动作，谓语动词
用单数。在句1，2，3中都是动词-ing形式作 语。
经常性、习惯性
主
一、动词-ing形式作主语的几种情况
1. 动词-ing形式作主语通常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词要
用单数。
Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 10 hours from here.
从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要用10个小时。
Doing is better than wishing.实干比空想好。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语，且主语较长时，为了平衡句子结构，通常用
it 作形式主语。常见句式如下：
It is/was
It is a waste of time trying persuading such a person.
试图说服这样一个人是浪费时间的。
It is no good eating too much sweet food.
吃太多的甜食没有好处。
3. 在There is no结构中，通常用动词-ing形式，意为“不可能，没
有”。
There is no joking about such a matter.
这种事开不得玩笑。
There was no knowing when he would leave .
无法知道他什么时候离开。
二、动词-ing形式作主语时谓语动词的单复数
动词-ing作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式；但两个或两个以上表达
不同意义的动词-ing作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
To many parents， raising children means providing them with food
and clothes.They are wrong as mental care is also important for kids.
对许多父母来说，养育孩子意味着为他们提供衣食。他们错了，因为
心理关怀对孩子也很重要。
Eating and dressing are still a big question in some African countries.
衣食在一些非洲国家还是一个很大的问题。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
① （play） with fire is dangerous.
② （expose） to a foreign culture is beneficial for
us to learn the local language.
③Taking a walk every day （help） us keep healthy.
④Walking， running and cycling （be） all healthy forms of
exercise.
⑤There is no （deny） that
（expose） to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.
⑥It is no use （reason） with such a stubborn person.
Playing
Being exposed
helps
are
denying
being exposed
reasoning
三、动词不定式与动词-ing形式作主语时的区别
动词不定式作主语 往往表示具体的或一次性的动作
动词-ing形式作主语 表示一般或抽象的多次性行为
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火是危险的。（泛指玩火）
To play with fire will be dangerous.
玩火将很危险。（指某一具体动作）
【即时演练2】 补全句子
①For middle school students， is the easiest way
to effectively promote active learning.
对中学生而言，问问题是有效促进主动学习最简单的方法。
② ranks first in boys’ after-class activities.So
seems quite unusual and surprising to
the guys.
踢足球在男孩的课外活动中排第一，所以今天学打排球对于这些孩子
来说很不寻常和令人惊讶。
asking questions
Playing football
to
learn to play volleyball today
2
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
cheat v.欺骗，作弊
【教材原句】 Using video technology to help judge our sporting
competitions can make sure that no one cheats.使用视频技术来帮助评
判体育比赛能确保没有人作弊。
【用法】
cheat sb （out） of sth 骗走某人（某物）
get cheated 被骗
cheat in the exam 考试作弊
cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
cheat death （＝have a narrow escape） 死里逃生，幸免于难
【佳句】 They will buy less if they find they get cheated， and your
supermarket will get a bad reputation.
如果他们发现自己被骗了，他们会买的更少，而且你的超市会得到一
个坏名声。
【点津】 cheat还可用作名词，意为“骗子”。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Students who are found （cheat） in the exam will be
punished.
②He her money.
他骗了那位老太太的钱。
cheating
cheated the old woman （out） of
【写美】 一句多译
③去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
→Last year I ， and I don’t want to risk my
life a second time.（escape）
→Last year I ，and I don’t want to risk my life a
second time.（cheat）
had a narrow escape
cheated death
honour v.尊敬，敬重；给……以荣誉 n.[U] 荣誉；荣幸 [C] 光荣的
人或事
【教材原句】 In this spirit， the Laureus World Sports Awards is
an annual ceremony to honour remarkable sportspeople.本着这种精
神，劳伦斯世界体育奖是一个以表彰杰出运动员的年度颁奖典礼。
（1）honour sb with sth 用……向某人表示敬意
honour sb with sth for sth 因某事而给予某人荣誉
be/feel honoured to do sth 因做某事而感到荣幸
（2）in honour of/in one’s honour 为了纪念……；为向……表示敬意
have the honour of doing/to do sth有幸做某事
It is an honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事
【佳句】 He has been honoured with a knighthood for his scientific
work.
他因科研成就而获授爵士头衔。
【用法】
【练透】 单句语法填空
①On behalf of our school， I have the honour
（inform） you that you are admitted to Guangming Senior Middle
School.
②I am honoured （stand） here to share my excitement
about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring to you.
③It’s my honour （introduce） National Day to
you.It is one of the most significant festivals in China， which falls on
1 October every year.
to inform
to stand
to introduce
【写美】 翻译句子
④能认识您不胜荣幸。
It is a great honour to make your acquaintance.
remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的
【教材原句】 In this spirit， the Laureus World Sports Awards is
an annual ceremony to honour remarkable sportspeople.本着这种精
神，劳伦斯世界体育奖是一个以表彰杰出运动员的年度颁奖典礼。
【用法】
（1）be remarkable for 以……著称
（2）remark n. 言论；谈论；评论
vt.&vi. 谈论，评论；谈到
make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论
（3）remark on/upon 评论……
remark that ... 评论……；谈到……
【佳句】 As long as you work hard， you’ll see a remarkable
improvement in your classroom performance during the next term.只
要你努力学习，下学期你在课堂上的表现就会有显著的进步。
【联想】 （1）“以……著称”还可用be famous for， be well-known
for， be noted for来表达。
（2）“对……发表评论”还可用comment on或make comments/a
comment on来表达。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It would be rude to remark a lady’s appearance.
②One of the popular tourist attractions in Shandong Province is
Mount Tai， which is remarkable its long history and natural
scenery.
③Thanks to your constant encouragement， I have been
making （remark） progress in English.
on/upon
for
remarkable
【写美】 补全句子
④Foreign guests the children
while they were watching the performance.
外国客人在观看表演时对孩子们发表了评论。
made a remark/remarks on/upon
3
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1. （work） with Jane in the same office helped me to
get a good understanding of her independent working style.
2. Nowadays， （equip） with a knowledge of
computer is an essential qualification for most of the posts in the job
market.
Working
being equipped
3. （represent） our school to participate in the
activity made me more motivated.
4. For a lot of people， （be） a millionaire is a symbol of
success.
5. It is no use （argue） with him about the question.He
won’t change his mind.
6. There can be no （deny） that he could have done it
better if given more time.
Representing
being
arguing
denying
7. It is very difficult for me （teach） such a naughty
boy.
8. Planning so far ahead （make） no sense — so many
things will have changed by next year.
9. It is an enjoyable experience （listen） to music while
you’re jogging.
10. It is fun （go） to a party with a lot of people.
to teach
makes
to listen
going
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. ， I think， will
benefit them in the long run.
鼓励孩子们亲近大自然，我认为，从长远来看，对他们是有益的。
2. It isn’t worthwhile （spend） so much time
on minor problems.
花这么多时间在小问题上是不值得的。
3. made the teacher angry.
他上课迟到让老师生气了。
Encouraging children to get close to the nature
spending/to spend
His being late for class
4. Walking for both young and old.
散步对年轻人和老年人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。
5. As the saying goes， over spilt milk.
俗话说，覆水难收。
6. It takes me half an hour every day.
我每天步行上班要花半小时。
7. As an English teacher， I think it necessary
every day.
作为一名英语老师，我认为每天练习听说很有必要。
is a good form of exercise
it is no use crying
to walk to work
to practice listening
and speaking
8. is of vital importance to our
health.
在体育馆花一些时间对我们的健康至关重要。
9. After-class activities can give us amusement and help us to relax
ourselves， among which .
课外活动可以给我们快乐，帮助我们放松自己，其中打篮球是我的
最爱。
10. Not until then did he realize that
before sleeping.
直到那时，他才意识到睡前看视频很浪费时间。
Spending some time in the gym
playing basketball is my favourite
it was a waste of time watching
videos
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给动词的适当形式完成下面短文
For each class in our school， there are two to three periods of PE
class every week， in which 1. （play） basketball and
2. （run） are offered to students.Besides， the school
sports 3. （meet） is held annually，which students can
take part in according to their interests.What I recommend to you to
learn is Chinese kungfu， a traditional sport in
China.4. （practise） it regularly will help you stay fit
in a fantastic way.
playing
running
meeting
Practising
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time.He had
amazing athletic abilities and was well known during his
lifetime， .
yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity
Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed
his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor.It was
also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by
racial prejudice.Many would say his childhood was not easy.He grew
up poor and at age 9， his twin brother passed away and a few years
later he lost both of his parents.
But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing
his dreams.Nothing seemed to stop him， not even stolen shoes.Just
hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics，
somebody stole his shoes.Thorpe improvised by getting shoes out of the
garbage.The shoes were two different sizes.He wore an extra pair of
socks on one foot to even them out.
He still went on to win two gold medals — winning each event he
competed in except for one， the javelin （标枪）.The javelin was the
only event he didn’t win， probably because he had never competed in
that event before.It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to
throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials.At the time， he
didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start.He threw it
standing still and was placed second.
At the Olympics， he also took part in the decathlon （十项全能
运动）.He finished first in two events， third in four events， and
fourth in two more.Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world.He
was undoubtedly a dominating force that couldn’t be stopped and just
kept on going.
I think Paul Dughi said it best， “It’s hard to imagine now that
pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand
of shoes.For Jim Thorpe， it didn’t matter what kind he wore.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普
坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普
坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean？
A. The adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.
B. Thorpe’s success was no guarantee of a better life.
C. Thorpe’s career brought him both gains and losses.
D. Thorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.
解析： 句意理解题。根据第二段内容可知，吉姆·索普经历了很
多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡，青年时又困扰于
种族偏见带来的磨难。再根据画线句前面的yet表转折意义可知，
画线句子的意思是“虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦
难”。adversity意为“困境，逆境”。
2. Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot？
A. To prevent the foot from injury.
B. To make the shoe fit the foot.
C. To stop the shoe from being stolen.
D. To show his problem-solving skills.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The shoes were two ...even
them out.可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋
合脚。
3. What most likely led to Thorpe’s failure to win the javelin？
A. Loss of his own sports shoes.
B. A casual attitude towards the event.
C. Lack of experience in the event.
D. A shortage of talent for the event.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，他没有参加过标
枪比赛，因此比赛经验不足最可能是他失利的原因。
4. Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe？
A. Loyal and enthusiastic.
B. Genuine and creative.
C. Tough and strong-minded.
D. Selfless and good-tempered.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，吉姆·索普成长过程
中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三
段中的But that did not stop ...not even stolen shoes.正是对他坚韧不
拔性格的刻画。
B
Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death， but
football， rugby and running may not help people to live longer， a
study suggests.
A study followed more than 80，000 people for an average of nine
years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death.It
found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least
likely to die over the study period， reducing their individual risk by
47 per cent compared with people who did no exercise.Swimmers also
reduced their chance of death by 28 per cent， aerobics （有氧运动）
fans by 27 per cent and cyclists by 15 per cent.Yet running appeared to
have no impact at all on dying early， and neither did playing football
or rugby.
Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes
alongside sports like tennis and squash （壁球）， which often
involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game.It means
that people often have larger social networks and tend to keep up
activities into later life， both of which are proven to be good for
health.
In contrast， people who play team sports often do not move onto
a new sport once their teams break up for family， or injury
reasons.They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen
activity.
The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated
with a 56 per cent lower risk from heart death.Similarly， swimmers
lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 per cent， and people
who took part in activities like aerobics， dance or gymnastics lowered
their risk by 36 per cent.But again running， football and rugby had
no significant impact on heart deaths.
However， other experts argue that this study must not be
misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect
against heart disease.In this study both runners and footballers had a
lower rate of death from heart disease.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果：网球等
运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果：网球等
运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。
5. Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against
early death？
A. Cycling. B. Swimming.
C. Rugby. D. Tennis.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知， 然而，跑步似
乎对早逝概率毫无影响，踢足球和橄榄球也没有影响。因此橄榄球
对降低早逝概率没有太大影响。
6. According to the study， which makes a big difference in keeping
healthy？
A. Playing basketball with their friends occasionally.
B. Watching football games every day.
C. Taking up gymnastics and joining a club.
D. Doing running in the park every day.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知， 科学家说，这一
差异可能在于网球和壁球等运动所涉及的社会层面，这些运动通常
与俱乐部和有组织的户外活动有关。因此想要保持健康，最好开始
做体操并加入俱乐部。
7. What is considered more important to people’s health？
A. Social networks. B. Staying at home.
C. Physical examinations. D. Setting up families.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这意味着人
们经常有更广的社交网络，并且倾向于在以后的生活中继续活
动，而这两点都被证明是有益健康的。因此，对健康最重要的
是社交网络。
8. What is the main idea of the text？
A. Thousands of people participated in a 9-year research.
B. Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer.
C. It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease.
D. There are differences between racket sports and team games.
解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究
成果：网球等运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。
C
I loved weightlifting and began to do that at 12 years old.During
my first year of high school， I increased the amount of training and
put everything into my dream to one day compete
internationally.Unfortunately， I was not a naturally-gifted
athlete.But I worked hard.When I was a senior in high school， I won
two national championships and earned nine national-level medals in
all.
However， I didn’t make it to compete for Team USA. I didn’t
meet the requirements for the IWF Youth World Championships team
and was later an alternate（侯补者） for the Pan-American Youth
Championships team.I struggled to accept the fact that I never
achieved the one goal I worked for during the last four years，
representing Team USA internationally.I lost the passion I once had for
the sport and took a step back from competing for a few months.
After I started college， I once again came into contact with
barbells（杠铃） during my PE classes.Once I touched the barbell
again， I just wanted to continue lifting weights and see how far I
could physically and mentally push myself.I decided to start training
full-time again to see what I could achieve during the rest of my college
years.
I stopped caring about the weight on the bar， the girls I was
competing against and the idea of being on Team USA. I started
focusing on being confident and consistent with every lift-training with
consistent weights on the barbells， skills and positive self-
encouragement.Training and weightlifting became a competition with
myself， rather than with other weightlifters.
During University Nationals 2022， I represented Temple as a
university student.It was the first competition in my eight years of
competing where I felt confident during every lift.The work I put into
the six minutes spent on the lift paid off in every way.Later， I became
a 2022 All-American athlete and finally made my first international
team.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何从一名差
点放弃举重梦想的高中生到成为一名全美举重运动员的历程。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何从一名差
点放弃举重梦想的高中生到成为一名全美举重运动员的历程。
9. What did the author achieve in weightlifting as a senior in high
school？
A. Discovering her great weightlifting talent.
B. Competing in an international game.
C. Becoming a member of Team USA.
D. Winning several national medals.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的When I was a senior ...medals in all.可知，作者在高中四年级时赢得了几枚国家奖牌。
10. How did the author probably feel as an alternate for the Pan-
American Youth Championships team？
A. Honoured. B. Discouraged.
C. Nervous. D. Satisfied.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，成为泛美青年锦标
赛代表队的候补队员后，作者很难接受，失去了热情。由此可推
测出，作者感到很灰心。
11. What did the author focus on in weightlifting during college？
A. Making progress for herself.
B. Increasing weight on the barbells.
C. Competing with other weightlifters.
D. Entering international weightlifting games.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中的I started focusing
on ...with other weightlifters.可推测出，作者在大学期间举重时专
注于自我进步。
12. What lesson can we possibly learn from the author’s experience？
A. Set goals and stay focused.
B. Push our limits until success.
C. Be ourselves and enjoy the process.
D. Get along with those better than us.
解析： 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第四段内容可推测出，
作者的经历让我们知道，要做我们自己，享受自己努力的过程，
不要太关注外在的东西和最终的目标，这样我们最终会实现我们
的梦想。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Sports psychologists frequently recommend creating mini-
milestones on the way to a big goal.There are many steps on
the 13 from a base camp to a mountain’s summit.Likewise， there
are smaller， more achievable 14 to reach and celebrate as you
venture ahead into the unknown.
“Setting goals that are controllable makes it 15 to
adapt，”Dr. Meijen said.“If you set goals that are controlled by other
people， and 16 that aren’t realistic or are tough or boring，
those are much harder to 17 .”
The professional runner Coree Woltering is especially 18 at
achieving mini-goals.The long-distance runner has stood on the
podium （讲台） after 19 from 50 kilometers to 100 miles.This
summer， he set his sights on breaking the 20 record on the Ice
Age Trail：some 1，147 miles across Wisconsin.He ran more than 50
miles a day for three weeks 21 to accomplish the action.
“I’m really good at breaking things down into 22 increases
and setting micro-goals，” he said.How micro？
“I 23 things down into 10 seconds at a time，” Mr Woltering
continued.“You just have to be present in what you are doing， and
you have to know that it may not be the most fun or super-painful
now， but that could change in 10 24 down the road.”
And it may not 25 quickly， Mr Woltering said he
had 26 six-hour stretches counting to 10 over and over again.“You
just keep moving and keep 27 ，” he said.“And you have to have
faith that it will change at some point.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了职业长跑运动员Coree
Woltering擅长将目标分解成微小的目标以期实现远大目标。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了职业长跑运动员Coree
Woltering擅长将目标分解成微小的目标以期实现远大目标。
13. A. path B. stairs C. street D. floor
解析： 根据下文的from a base camp to a mountain’s summit可
知，从大本营到山顶的路上有许多步。path意为“道路，小路”，
符合语境。
14. A. plans B. milestones
C. tasks D. sides
解析： 根据上文的creating mini-milestones on the way to
a big goal可知，此处指的是有更小的且更可实现的里程碑要
到达并庆祝。
15. A. safer B. slower C. easier D. harder
解析： 根据上文的Setting goals that are controllable以及下文
的If you set goals that are controlled by other people ... those are
much harder to ...可知，上下文形成对比，与harder对应的是
easier。
16. A. rules B. directions
C. measures D. goals
解析： 根据上文的If you set goals that are controlled by other
people可知，此处指的是不现实、艰难或无聊的目标。
17. A. set down B. adapt to
C. deal with D. take up
解析： 根据上文的Setting goals that are controllable makes
it 15 to adapt可知，此处指的是那些是更难适应的目标。短语
adapt to意为“适应”，符合语境。
18. A. skilled B. amazed
C. satisfied D. aimed
解析： 根据下文的I’m really good at breaking things down ...
可知，此处指的是职业长跑运动员Coree Woltering特别擅长实现
微小目标。短语be skilled at意为“擅长……”，与be good at同义。
19. A. rides B. jogging
C. races D. swimming
解析： 因为Coree Woltering是职业长跑运动员，所以他应是
在从50公里级别跨升到100英里级别的赛跑后站在讲台上。race意
为“赛跑”，符合语境。
20. A. cycling B. going
C. walking D. running
解析： 因为Coree Woltering是职业长跑运动员，所以此处指
的是今年夏天，他的目标是打破冰河时代步道的跑步纪录：横跨
威斯康星州大约1，147英里的路程。
21. A. in a row B. in a way
C. in a while D. in any case
解析： 根据上文的He ran more than 50 miles a day for three
weeks可知，他连续跑三周，每天跑50多英里。in a row意为“连续
几次地，接连几天地”，符合语境。
22. A. sharp B. small C. great D. high
解析： 根据下文的setting micro-goals可知，此处指的是把事
情分解成小的增长并设定微小目标。
23. A. take B. put C. break D. bring
解析： 根据上文的I’m really good at breaking things down
into ... 可知，此处指的是把事情分解成一次10秒。短语break
down意为“分解”，符合语境。
24. A. weeks B. hours
C. minutes D. seconds
解析： 根据上文的10 seconds at a time可知，此处指的是在路
上那可能在10秒后发生改变。
25. A. drive B. disappear
C. look D. change
解析： 根据上文的but that could change in 10可知，此处指的
是它可能不会很快改变。
26. A. wasted B. spent C. left D. taken
解析： 此处指的是他已经花了六个小时的时间，一次又一次地
数到10。短语spend time doing sth 意为“花费时间做某事”，符合
语境。
27. A. counting B. figuring
C. adding D. repeating
解析： 根据上文的counting to 10 over and over again可知，此
处指的是你仅仅一直移动并一直数数。
Ⅲ.语法填空
What makes something a sport？Traditional definitions usually
included some physical activities 28 show athletic ability or
strength.But some sports can take the form of mental competitions.For
instance， chess 29 （recognize） as a sport by the International
Olympic Committee in 1999.Now， some people wonder 30
eSports should also be considered sports.
The word eSports is short for electronic sports.It is 31 form
of competition in which professional players or gamers play video
games either in teams or individually. 32 （typical）， the
winners receive prize money at the end of the competition.
The first eSports event was the one 33 （hold） by Stanford
University in the 1970s， for the game Spacewar！ Over the next 30
years， video games exploded in 34 （popular）.More and more
countries， such as South Korea， China and the United States，
started to develop eSports into an industry.In the 2000s， television
broadcasts of the competitions， 35 （feature） games like Street
Fighter Ⅲ， StarCraft Ⅱ， and Counter-Strike， became popular.In
the 2010s， thanks 36 online streaming services， eSports grew
rapidly with more worldwide tournaments， more viewers， and
larger 37 （prize）. In 2020， the industry made more than $1 billion for the first time ever.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电子竞技是否也应
该被称作体育，并讲到了电子竞技的起源和发展。
28. which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从
句，先行词是表示物的名词短语physical activities，关系词在从句中
作主语，故填which/that。
29. was recognized 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结
构可知， recognize是本句的谓语。结合时间状语in 1999可知，时态
用一般过去时；主语chess与recognize之间是被动关系；主语chess为
第三人称单数。故填was recognized。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电子竞技是否也应
该被称作体育，并讲到了电子竞技的起源和发展。
30. if/whether 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从
句。结合句意“现在一些人想知道电子竞技是否应该也被认为是体育”
可知，空处表“是否”，故填if/whether。
31. a 考查冠词。结合语境“它是一种竞技形式”可知，此处需要一个
冠词，表泛指；且空后的form的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
32. Typically 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子应
用副词，注意首字母大写。故填Typically。
33. held 考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是was， hold在句中为非
谓语，与逻辑主语one之间构成动宾关系，故填held。
34. popularity 考查词形转换。空处跟在介词in之后充当宾语，应用
名词形式。故填popularity。
35. featuring 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动
词是became， feature在句中为非谓语动词，与主语television
broadcasts of the competitions之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填
featuring。
36. to 考查介词。固定表达thanks to意为“由于，幸亏”。故填to。
37. prizes 考查名词复数。prize与空前的tournaments和viewers并
列，同样需要用复数形式，故填prizes。
谢谢观看！
