UNIT 5 Revealing nature
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.On a （遥远的） mountain was a sign —“Build the Three Gorges Dam， Exploit the Yangtze River”.
2.Stone tools that were unearthed there indicate the early cultural capabilities of our human （祖先）.
3.They enjoyed fresh watermelon last summer because they had planted watermelon （种子） in the spring.
4.The judge was convinced of the proof that linked the （嫌疑犯） with the crime.
5.It is （预测） that the weather is bound to get better tomorrow.
6.There is growing e that staying up late at night has a serious impact on people’s health.
7.Professor Smith is very kind.You can turn to him for help as long as he is a .
8.The scientist collected some insects and plants as s in the mountain for his study.
维度二：词形转换
1.The fact is that most people didn’t believe his theory of （evolve）.
2.It is widely believed that the public transport is a （grace） in India， making native people unsatisfied.
3.His grandfather works as a （geology）， who always deals with rocks and soils in the open air.
4.The three （generate） are all fond of the old singer.
5.Regardless of the weather and the （distant）， Professor Li will make sure students attend his class on time.
6.Darwin’s （science） studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
7.It is （benefit） to some people， while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.
8.I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times， resulting in a （suspect） attitude towards everything and everyone.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.No one knows when such a custom first （产生）.
2.Nowadays， cycling， along with jogging and swimming， （被看作） one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
3.To my amazement， his opinion （与……相似） mine in many aspects.
4.One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences for （各种各样的） work tasks.
5.This was also the height of the tourist season， and the streets （挤满） tourists from around the world.
6.In my opinion，
（人们似乎震惊了）.
7. （随着暑假的临近）， I will be free for almost three months.
8.They （直到老板回来才离开办公室）.
维度四：课文语法填空
The captain of the ship named the Beagle wanted someone to profit by 1. （visit） distant countries.Luckily， Darwin got the opportunity，2. he was not the captain’s first choice.Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，3. （fascinate） by rocks， plants and animals.The journey gave him the chance 4. （study） various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin 5. （spend） some time in South America， his room was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.He began to consider the question 6. different species came to exist.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 7. each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their 8. （change） environments？ Darwin decided to find out the truth.In 1835， Darwin saw a variety of new species， but it was the birds that interested him the most.After much research， he came to the 9. （conclude） that new species evolved from earlier ancestors.Darwin explained this theory in his book， On the Origin of Species， which 10. （regard） as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）When John Todd was a child， he loved to explore the woods around his house， observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream， for example， often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older， John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture， medicine， and fisheries in college， John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals？ With the right combination of animals and plants， he figured， maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污泥）. First， he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little， these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks， John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it！ Within weeks， it had all been digested， and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years， John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage （污水） from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou， a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
1.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs？
A.He was fond of traveling.
B.He enjoyed being alone.
C.He had an inquiring mind.
D.He longed to be a doctor.
2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks？
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
3.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou？
A.To review John’s research plans.
B.To show an application of John’s idea.
C.To compare John’s different jobs.
D.To erase doubts about John’s invention.
4.What is the basis for John’s work？
A.Nature can repair itself.
B.Organisms need water to survive.
C.Life on Earth is diverse.
D.Most tiny creatures live in groups.
B
Stephen Warren， study leader at the University of Washington — has been on the case of the green icebergs for more than 30 years.He first took samples from one of these green hunks of ice in 1988， near the Amery Ice Shelf， East Antarctic.Most glacial ice occurs in shades of white to brilliant blue.The bluer the ice， the older it is.Typically， compression （压缩） from accumulating layers of snow pushes air bubbles out of the ice， reducing the scattering of white light.The compressed ice absorbs most of the light except for blue — creating the blue color seen in the hearts of icebergs and glaciers.
The green ice was similarly bubble-free， and yet it looked green instead of blue.Warren and his team soon found that the green ice came not from glaciers， but from marine ice.That’s the ice from the undersides of floating ice shelves.
At first， the team thought that organic material in the marine ice was causing the green color.But further research showed that the green marine ice didn’t have a higher-than-usual amount of organic impurities.Now， a new study finds that a different sort of impurity may be the root cause of the green ice.Warren and his colleagues report that the marine ice at the bottom of the Amery Ice Shell has 500 times more iron than the glacial ice above.
This iron comes from the rocks under the Antarctic Ice Sheet， which are turned into fine powder as glaciers move over them.The icebound iron oxidizes （氧化） as it contacts seawater.The resulting iron oxide particles take on a green color when light scatters through them.When icebergs break off the larger ice shelf， they carry this iron-rich ice with them.It’s like taking a package to the post office.The iceberg can deliver this iron into the ocean far away， and then melt and deliver it to other living things that can use it as a nutrient.
5.What’s special about the iceberg found by Warren？
A.The iceberg was old.
B.The iceberg absorbed blue light.
C.The iceberg’s heart was pure white.
D.The iceberg was bubble-free and green.
6.What’s the actual reason for the green color of some Antarctic icebergs？
A.Iron dust from marine ice.
B.Impurities of marine ice.
C.Reflection of green plants.
D.Compression from layers of snow.
7.What’s the function of the iron mentioned in the last paragraph？
A.Deliver the package.
B.Oxidize the seawater.
C.Bring marine life nutrients.
D.Break off the large ice shelf.
8.What is the text mainly about？
A.A study about Antarctic.
B.The colors of icebergs.
C.The movement of icebergs.
D.The mystery of green icebergs.
C
On a mid-September day， scientists Chris Rimmer and Bill DeLuca drive to the top of the highest mountain in Vermont.They lower themselves down a steep rocky path and hike through a forest until they find a good spot.Then they hang nets from ski racing poles， hoping to catch some blackpoll warblers （黑顶白颊林莺） to measure， tag， and release them in Mount Mansfield.It is in an open space in the woods that the nets are set.
The blackpoll warbler is a fist-size bird with an unusually high-pitched song.The male has white cheeks and a black mark on its head like a hat； the female is mostly gray with darker cheeks and no distinguishing marks.But what makes the bird special is the remarkable way it flies south for the winter.In the fall， millions of these birds fly from their mountaintop homes in Canada， Alaska and New England to the northeast coast of the United States to prepare for a dangerous journey.For weeks， they fill their bellies with spiders and beetles until their bodies can hold no more.And one fall day， when the sky is clear and the wind is calm， they begin to fly.They fly east to catch the tailwinds， then fly south.Some blackpolls can fly for three days without stopping.
Sadly， the number of blackpolls is dropping so fast that they are in danger now.Thus， tracking their migration helps figure out the reason.DeLuca and Rimmer work until dark placing nets and then sleep on the floor of a nearby hut.They return before sunrise and find dozens of blackpolls in the nets.
Rimmer holds a blackpoll and ties a tiny aluminum band around its leg.Each band has a nine-digit number for tracking.They need to understand what’s hurting them to protect them.When Rimmer opens his hand， the songbird flies farther up the mountain and lands on a branch， facing south.This blackpoll’s long journey will begin soon.
9.Where do the scientists set nets according to Paragraph 1？
A.At the foot of the mountain.
B.On a rocky road.
C.In a clearing space.
D.Around the tree branches.
10.What can we know about the blackpoll warblers from the passage？
A.They are small birds with soft sounds.
B.The colour of the blackpolls is totally black.
C.They travel to the northeast coast of the US for the winter.
D.They fly east with the winds before heading south.
11.Why are blackpolls tagged with a small metal band？
A.To figure out how they become endangered.
B.To warn people not to hurt them.
C.To remind them to return on time.
D.To help them to find the direction.
12.What’s the text mainly about？
A.A long migration of blackpolls.
B.An outdoor birdwatching activity.
C.An attempt to investigate an endangered bird.
D.The achievements of two scientists.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
A flower festival is an event during which many types of flowers are shown to the public.In some cases， a flower festival may be a small event attended by local people who grow plants as a hobby. 13 They may attract large numbers of flower growers， flower sellers and tourists.
Usually， a flower festival takes place at a time of year when many types of flowers are fully open. 14 In this case， the organizers must make sure that the event is scheduled during the right time of year for that type.
Some festivals are arranged to encourage flower growers to grow certain types of plants.People are invited to show their flowers at the festival. 15 Prizes are given to those who grow the largest， most colorful or hardiest （最耐寒的） plants.
Besides competing for prizes， many flower growers show their plants in flower shows for business purposes.Some people use these events to win contracts with companies that buy large numbers of flowers.Some take the chance to market flowers to customers. 16 They put their newly created plants on show at these festivals.
17 Local restaurants provide meals and drinks for attendees.Musicians and other entertainers （演艺人员） are sometimes hired to provide attendees with pleasure.Nearby hotels and shops are full of people.They all can make a lot of money from the event.
A.There will be competitions.
B.These flowers can be very expensive.
C.Other festivals are big international events.
D.Some festivals focus on a certain type of plant.
E.Some growers have created new types of flowers.
F.Usually， some flower festivals are held in the big parks.
G.Flower festivals can also encourage local economic development.
13. 14. 15.
16. 17.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.distant 2.ancestors 3.seeds 4.suspect 5.predicted 6.evidence 7.available 8.samples
维度二
1.evolution 2.disgrace 3.geologist 4.generations
5.distance 6.scientific 7.beneficial 8.suspicious
维度三
1.came to exist
2.is regarded as
3.is similar to
4.a variety of
5.were crowded with
6.it seemed that people were shocked
7.As the summer break is approaching
8.didn’t leave the office until their boss came back
维度四
1.visiting 2.although/though 3.fascinated 4.to study 5.had spent 6.how 7.to 8.changing 9.conclusion
10.is regarded
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。John Todd从小就喜欢观察大自然，并被自然的自我修复能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，John通过实验设计了生态机器，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问题。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的observing how nature solved problems和When he got older， John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.和第二段中的John went back to observing nature and asking questions以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出，John是一个具有探究精神的人。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污泥） ...placed them in the tanks可知，John修建水箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质，为此，他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段中的all that was left was pure water表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变化。据此可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了测试他的生态机器的效果。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的Over the years， John has taken on many big jobs.可知，多年来，John做了很多大型工作。下文提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中的应用。
4.A 推理判断题。本文主要围绕John的疑问展开，即一条肮脏的溪流在穿过植物和流过微生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈，这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏乱呢？正是在这个疑问的指引下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力，且最后一段最后一句也表明了John的工作基于“自然可以进行自我修复”这一理念。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿大学的Stephen Warren带领自己的团队揭开了绿色冰山的形成之谜。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Warren发现的冰山没有气泡且呈绿色。
6.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的This iron comes from ...light scatters through them.可知，海冰中的铁尘是一些冰山呈绿色的真正原因。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The iceberg can deliver ...as a nutrient.可知，冰山中的铁最终会被输送给其他生物，当作它们的营养物质。
8.D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文围绕Stephen Warren带领自己的团队揭开了绿色冰山的形成之谜展开。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家在濒危的黑顶白颊林莺的腿上缠上一根带有编号的铝带，以便追踪它们并找到它们数量减少的原因，进而更好地保护它们。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is in an open space in the woods that the nets are set.可知，科学家们在林间空地设网。
10.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The blackpoll warbler is a fist-size bird ... darker cheeks and no distinguishing marks. 可知，A、B选项不正确；根据第二段中的In the fall， millions of these birds ... to prepare for a dangerous journey.可知，C选项不正确。根据第二段中的They fly east to catch the tailwinds， then fly south.可知，D选项正确。
11.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的the number of blackpolls ... helps figure out the reason以及最后一段中的Rimmer holds a blackpoll ... hurting them可知，在黑顶白颊林莺腿上缠上一根带有编号的铝带是为了追踪它们并找到它们数量减少的原因。
12.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了黑顶白颊林莺的数量骤降，为了找到其中的原因进而更好地保护它们，科学家在其腿上缠上一根带有编号的铝带以便对其进行追踪。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花卉节的活动方式及活动意义。
13.C 根据上文In some cases ...plants as a hobby.可知，花卉节可能是一个由当地人参加的小型活动。根据空后一句可知，此处说的是另一些节日或活动。C项承上启下，符合语境。
14.D 根据空后一句可知，空处应该提到某个物种。D项符合语境，D项中的a certain type of plant与下文for that type呼应。
15.A 根据上下文可知，此处指节日期间会组织比赛。A项符合语境。
16.E 根据下文They put their newly created plants on show at these festivals.可知，E项与下文意思一致，E项中的new types of flowers与下文their newly created plants呼应，符合语境。
17.G 根据下文可知，这项活动能够带动当地的经济发展。G项符合语境。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone [1]who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant① countries yet little known”.The person [2]who answered the call② was not the captain’s first choice③.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.What’s more④， he had recently received a letter from his father [3]predicting⑤ that he would be “a disgrace⑥ to yourself and all your family”.Despite all this， his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time⑦.
[1]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词someone。
[2]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词person。
[3]predicting ...为动词-ing短语作状语。
The young man in question⑧，Charles Darwin， was a geologist⑨ and naturalist， [4]fascinated by rocks， plants and animals.He left England on the ship， the Beagle， in 1831.The journey gave him the chance [5]to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America， his room on the ship was crowded with⑩ samples of the plants and animals he had collected.[6]As he studied these， he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist ？
At that time， people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time ， and had not changed since.But Darwin began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved [7]as they adapted to their changing environments？It was just an idea， but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence .
[4]动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰geologist and naturalist。
[5]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词chance。
[6][7]句中as均引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
When the Beagle reached the Gal pagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species， but [8]it was the birds that interested him the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.It seemed their beaks had evolved according to [9]what food was available on that particular island.
[8]it was ...that ...为强调句，强调主语the birds。
[9]what引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor ，[10]which had arrived on the islands a long time before.Over time ， it had slowly evolved into many new species.And that was the answer to [11]how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors.
[10]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ancestor。
[11]how引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
It was a completely new idea — a theory of evolution .Darwin explained this theory in his book， On the Origin of Species.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many people refused to believe that living things， including humans， had evolved from lower forms of life.They were shocked.But Darwin’s scientific studies were [12]so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works [13]ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
[12]so ...that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
[13]动词-ed形式作后置定语，修饰名词works。
【读文清障】
①distant adj.遥远的
②answer the call响应号召
③first choice第一选择
④what’s more此外，更重要的是
⑤predict v.预言
⑥disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱
be a disgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事
⑦of all time有史以来；一直
⑧in question讨论中的；考虑中的
⑨geologist n.地质学家
⑩be crowded with拥塞；挤满；充满
sample n.样本
come to exist出现；产生
at the same time同时
be similar to与……相似
evolve v.进化
adapt to适应/适合……
evidence n.证据
a variety of种种；各种各样的
finch n.雀科鸣禽
beak n.鸟嘴，喙
available adj.可利用的；可获得的；可找到的；有空暇的
be available for对于……可用的
suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先
over time随着时间的推移
evolution n.进化（论）
publish v.出版；发表
including prep.包含；包括
convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的
be regarded as被认为是
begin with开始于……
【参考译文】
发现之旅
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。然而来应聘的人并不是船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人从医学院肄业，并且在他刚收到的家书中，父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现。
我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年，他搭乘贝格尔号从英格兰启程。这趟旅程给了他研究自然环境中各种生物的契机。在南美洲度过一段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？
当时，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现在地球上的，并从此再无变化。但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物种的动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化？虽然这只是一个设想，但足够鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔文注意到，在群岛中的每一个小岛上，雀鸟之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛，随着时间推移，慢慢进化成许多新的种类。于是，关于动植物的新种类是如何产生的这个问题就有了答案：它们是从早期的祖先进化而来的。
这是一个全新的观点——进化论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一书中对此进行了解释。这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起轰动。很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们对此感到震惊。然而，达尔文的科学研究很有说服力，以至于越来越多的人开始接受他的理论。
如今，《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止最重要的著作之一。它彻底地改变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始于贝格尔号的探索之旅。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.According to the text， which of the following is NOT correct？
A.Charles Darwin was not the captain’s first choice.
B.Charles Darwin’s father predicted he would be a disgrace to his family.
C.He came back to England on the Beagle in 1831.
D.The journey aroused his interest in the question how different species came to exist.
2.What was the common belief at that time？
A.All species had appeared on Earth at different times.
B.All species had not changed since they appeared.
C.Some species of animals were the same.
D.Animals adapted to the changing environment gradually.
3. interested Charles Darwin most in 1835 on the island.
A.Plants B.Dogs
C.New species D.Birds
4.What can we infer from the passage？
A.Charles Darwin was not an excellent graduate from the medical school.
B.Charles Darwin was well received by the captain.
C.All his achievements began with the journey on the Beagle.
D.Charles Darwin explained his theory immediately he came back.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the second paragraph carefully and find the sentence which can be used to introduce a person.
2.Read the sixth paragraph carefully and find the sentence which is used to describe the reaction that something causes.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.Why didn’t Darwin publish his theory of evolution until 1859？
2.What characteristics can we learn from Darwin？ Which one of them do you think will be the most helpful in your life and study？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.When the Beagle reached the Gal pagos Islands in 1835， Darwin saw a variety of new species， but it was the birds that interested him the most.
句式分析 本句为并列复合句，but前的分句为复合句，When the Beagle reached the Gal pagos Islands in 1835为When引导的 从句；but后的分句是 句。
自主翻译
2.Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor， which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
句式分析 本句为复合句， that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor为that引导的 从句，which had arrived on the islands a long time before为which引导的 从句，修饰先行词 。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
distant adj.遥远的；远处的；远亲的
【教材原句】 The captain of the ship， the Beagle， wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。
【用法】
（1）a distant cousin/aunt/relative 远房堂兄弟/姑母/亲戚
（2）distance n. 距离；远方
in the distance 在远处
at a distance （of） 在……远的地方；距离稍远
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距离
keep one’s distance from 与……保持距离
【佳句】 The time we spent together is a distant memory now.
我们在一起度过的时光现在已经成为遥远的回忆。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Small and distant the cities though my hometown is，there is always something different to catch your eye.
②Standing at the top of the TV tower， we could see the mountains the distance clearly.
③The majority of these historic buildings are within walking （distant） of one another.
【写美】 一句多译
④你最好离那条狗远点。它很危险。
→You’d better .It’s dangerous.
→You’d better .It’s dangerous.
profit n.收益 vt. 有益于 vi.有益；获利
【教材原句】 The captain of the ship， the Beagle， wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。
【用法】
（1）profit from/by ... 从……中获利/受益
profit sb 使某人获益
（2）a rise/an increase in profits 收益的上升/增长
a drop/fall in profits 收益的跌落/下降
make a profit 赚取利润
for profit 为了赢利
（3）profitable adj. 有利润的；有益的
a profitable class 有收获的一堂课
【佳句】 Two quarrel and a third profits by it.
[谚]鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The large international firms are not the only ones to profit the opportunities in China.
②The company， headed by its new manager， started to make profit after putting a new product on the market.
【写美】 补全句子
③I hope all of you can .
我希望你们都能从我的忠告中得益。
disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱 v.丢脸；使蒙羞
【教材原句】 What’s more， he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.
并且在他刚收到的家书中，父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。
【用法】
（1）be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事
in disgrace 为人所不齿；失宠
（2）disgrace oneself 使某人自己丢脸/蒙羞
（3）disgraceful adj. 不光彩的；可耻的
grace n. 优雅，高雅
【佳句】 Before the competition，I was determined not to be a disgrace to myself.
比赛之前，我下定决心不给自己丢脸。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The girl disgraced （she） by behaving that way at the party.
②Andrew behaved so badly on the school trip that he was sent home disgrace.
【写美】 补全句子
③In the Olympics， finishing second to the athletes.
在奥运会中，得第二名对运动员来说并不丢脸。
of all time 有史以来；一直
【教材原句】 Despite all this， his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现。
【用法】
at times 有时；不时
at a time 一次，每次
at one time 曾经，一度
in no time 立刻，马上
from time to time 时常
all the time 一直
【佳句】 As is well known，Edison was one of the greatest scientists of all time.众所周知，爱迪生是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。
【练透】 选用左栏短语填空
①Often working at night， the poachers shoot whole herds of antelope leaving only the babies.
②Advocated by many well-known experts and film stars， the product was very popular .
③He insisted that the trapped be sent to a safe place .
in question 讨论中的；考虑中的；有疑问；不确定
【教材原句】 The young man in question， Charles Darwin， was a geologist and naturalist， fascinated by rocks， plants and animals.我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。
【用法】
put a question to sb 向某人提出一个问题
beyond question 不容置疑
without question 毫无疑问
out of question 毫无疑问，没有问题
out of the question 不可能；不允许；不值得讨论
【佳句】 The future development of public transport is not in question.
公共交通的未来发展是不容置疑的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①His musical talent is question， and he has achieved great success.
②I’d like to travel with you， but with so much work left unfinished， it seems out of question.
【写美】 翻译句子
③他考试会再次不及格，这是毫无疑问的。
be crowded with 拥塞；挤满；充满
【教材原句】 After Darwin had spent some time in South America， his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.
在南美洲度过一段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。
【用法】
（1）crowd in （on sb） （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海
crowd into one’s mind 涌入某人的脑海
crowd in/into （sth） 大批地涌入（某物）
（2）crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；充满的
（3）a crowd of （crowds of） 一群（成群）……
【点津】 crowd是集合名词，作主语时，若视为整体则谓语动词用单数形式；若强调个体成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is hard to reserve a table at this new restaurant as it is （crowd） with customers every day.
②Memories crowded on him when he found an old picture taken thirty years ago.
③Surrounded by （crowd） of citizens， the respected scientist received a warm welcome.
【写美】 翻译句子
④人群兴奋得发狂。
adapt to适应/适合……
【教材原句】 Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments？
也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化？
【用法】
（1）adapt oneself to 使自己适应……
adapt ...to do ... 调整……以做……
（2）adapt ...from 根据……改编……
adapt ...for 把……改写/改编成……
（3）adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本
【佳句】 Many students find it hard to adapt to the new school.
许多学生发现很难适应新学校。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①What kind of difficulty will Mary have adapting the new environment？
②When you go to a new country， you must adapt （you） to new customs.
【写美】 翻译句子
③众所周知，电影《红高粱》改编自莫言的同名小说。
particular adj.特别的；详细的；独有的；挑剔的
【教材原句】 It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
【用法】
（1）in particular 尤其，特别
be particular about/over sth
对……讲究/挑剔
（2）particularly adv. 尤其；特别；格外地，特别地，特定地
【佳句】 She loves Mark Twain’s novels in particular， which are full of humour.
她特别喜爱马克·吐温的小说，充满了幽默。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①All the candidates are excellent， but I like the last one particular — his experience is just what we need.
②He is very particular food but he doesn’t care about money.
③The job sounds （particular） interesting and I have desired to do it for quite a long time.
suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象
【教材原句】 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor， which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛。
【用法】
（1）suspect that ... 怀疑……
suspect sb of （doing） sth
怀疑某人有某种罪行
suspect sb to be ... 猜想/怀疑某人是……
（2）suspected adj. 疑似的
【佳句】 I suspect that Emily was lying when she described the incident， for I know her well.我怀疑埃米莉在描述该事件时撒谎了，因为我很了解她。
【练透】 单句语法填空
① （suspect） of carrying something dangerous， the traveler was stopped by the customs officer.
②He was taken to hospital after a （suspect） heart attack.
【写美】 一句多译
③我怀疑他就是那个扒手。
→I the pickpocket.
→I he is the pickpocket.
evidence n. 证据；证明
【教材原句】 LOOK FOR MORE EVIDENCE 寻找更多证据
【用法】
（1）evidence＋
（2）evident adj. 明显的；清楚的
be evident to sb that ... 某人清楚……
It is evident that ... 显然……
（3）evidently adv. 明显地；显然地
【佳句】 At present， we have no evidence of life on other planets.
目前，我们没有其他星球上存在生命的证据。
【练通】 单句语法填空
①There is convincing evidence listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.
②It is （evidence） that the education of the youth is vital to the future of a country.
【写美】 一句多译
③显然没有证据证明他的诚实。
→
（it作形式主语）
→
（副词作状语）
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式： as引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】 As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist？当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？
【用法】
as在此引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着”。as作连词时，有以下用法：
（1）意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”时，引导时间状语从句。
（2）意为“按照……的方式（方法）；如同……”时，引导方式状语从句。
（3）意为“因为；既然”时，引导原因状语从句。
（4）意为“尽管”时，引导让步状语从句。
（5）引导比较状语从句时，常用于as ... as ...结构，意为“像……一样……”，其中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。
【品悟】 As years go by，China is getting richer and stronger.
随着一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强。
【点津】
（1）当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省略冠词；
（2）with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
【写美】 微写作
①当我接近公共汽车站时，我看见一位女士从相反的方向向我冲过来，一个小男孩跟在她后面。（情景描写）
， I saw a lady rushing towards me from the opposite direction， a little boy following her.
②正如我姐姐为我做的那样，我给了她一些钱，她就走了。（动作描写）
， I gave her some money and off she went.
③他虽然是个孩子，却知道如何帮助别人。 （人物介绍）
Child ， he knows how to help others.
④随着时间的流逝，他满足于简单的生活。（人物介绍）
→ ， he contented himself with a simple life. （as）
→ ， he contented himself with a simple life. （with复合结构）
句型公式： not ...until ...直到……才……
【教材原句】 It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.
这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起轰动。
【用法】
（1）until用在肯定句中，谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如：stand， stay， talk， wait等，表示主句动作终止的时间。
（2）until用在否定句中，谓语动词既可以是瞬间性动词也可以是延续性动词，强调主句动作开始的时间。
（3）当not until 位于句首时，句子要倒装。
（4）not until的强调结构为“It is/was not until＋从句/表时间的词＋that＋其他”。
【品悟】 The plane won’t take off until the snowstorm stops.
飞机要等暴风雪停了才会起飞。
【写美】 微写作
①直到所有的准备都做好了我们才开始工作。（活动介绍）
We all the preparations had been made.
②直到上周，那辆失窃的自行车才被找到。（报道）
the stolen bike was found.
③直到那时，我才真正理解我的治疗师的建议。（心理描写）
Not until then my therapist’s advice.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Why 2.What 3.two 4.answers 5.evolution
第二步
1－4 CBDA
第三步
1.The young man in question， Charles Darwin， was a geologist and naturalist， fascinated by rocks， plants and animals.
2.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.
第四步
1.Perhaps during this period， he was doing further scientific research to find more convincing evidence for his theory and so on.
2.Brave， hard-working， devoted， patient， strict， innovative/creative， curious， imaginative， diligent， intelligent， talented， brilliant， honest， confident， modest and so on.In my opinion， hard-working spirit is the most helpful in my study， because it will not only give me continuous energy and confidence to study but also make up for my lack of wisdom.
第五步
1.时间状语 强调
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
2.宾语 非限制性定语 a common ancestor
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①from ②in ③distance ④keep your distance from the dog； keep the dog at a distance
2.①from ②a ③profit from/by my advice
3.①herself ②in ③is not a disgrace
4.①at a time ②at one time ③in no time
5.①beyond ②the ③He will fail in the examination again， which is out of question.
6.①crowded ②in ③crowds
④The crowd was going wild with excitement.
7.①to ②yourself
③It is well known that the film Red Sorghum is adapted from the novel of the same title by Mo Yan.
8.①in ②about/over ③particularly
9.①Suspected ②suspected ③suspect him to be； suspect that
10.①that ②evident
③It is evident that there is no evidence to prove his honesty.
Evidently， there is no evidence to prove his honesty.
重点句型解构
1.①As I was nearing the bus stop ②As my elder sister did for me ③as he is ④As time went by； With time going by
2.①didn’t start the work until ②It was not until last week that ③did I truly understand
1 / 12(共121张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone [1]who
would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant① countries yet little
known”.The person [2]who answered the call② was not the captain’s
first choice③.It was a young man who had left medical school without
completing his degree.What’s more④， he had recently received a
letter from his father [3]predicting⑤ that he would be “a disgrace⑥ to
yourself and all your family”.Despite all this， his adventures on this
ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of
all time⑦.
[1]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词someone。
[2]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词person。
[3]predicting ...为动词-ing短语作状语。
【读文清障】
①distant adj.遥远的
②answer the call响应号召
③first choice第一选择
④what’s more此外，更重要的是
⑤predict v.预言
⑥disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱
be a disgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事
⑦of all time有史以来；一直
The young man in question⑧，Charles Darwin， was a geologist
⑨ and naturalist， [4]fascinated by rocks， plants and animals.He left
England on the ship， the Beagle， in 1831.The journey gave him the
chance [5]to study various living things in their natural environments.
After Darwin had spent some time in South America， his room on the
ship was crowded with⑩ samples of the plants and animals he had
collected.[6]As he studied these， he asked himself the question：how
did different species come to exist ？
At that time， people believed that all species had appeared on
Earth at the same time ， and had not changed since.But Darwin
began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were
very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved [7]as they
adapted to their changing environments？It was just an idea， but
enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence .
[4]动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰geologist and naturalist。
[5]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词chance。
[6][7]句中as均引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
⑧in question讨论中的；考虑中的
⑨geologist n.地质学家
⑩be crowded with拥塞；挤满；充满
sample n.样本
come to exist出现；产生
at the same time同时
be similar to与……相似
evolve v.进化
adapt to适应/适合……
evidence n.证据
When the Beagle reached the Gal pagos Islands in 1835，
Darwin saw a variety of new species， but [8]it was the birds that
interested him the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference
between the finches on each of the islands.It seemed their beaks
had evolved according to [9]what food was available on that
particular island.
[8]it was ...that ...为强调句，强调主语the birds。
[9]what引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
a variety of种种；各种各样的
finch n.雀科鸣禽
beak n.鸟嘴，喙
available adj.可利用的；可获得的；可找到的；有空暇的
be available for对于……可用的
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common
ancestor ，[10]which had arrived on the islands a long time
before.Over time ， it had slowly evolved into many new species.And
that was the answer to [11]how new species of plants and animals came
to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors.
[10]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ancestor。
[11]how引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先
over time随着时间的推移
It was a completely new idea — a theory of evolution .Darwin
explained this theory in his book， On the Origin of Species.It was not
published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many people
refused to believe that living things， including humans， had
evolved from lower forms of life.They were shocked.But Darwin’s
scientific studies were [12]so convincing that more and more people
started to believe his theory.
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most
important works [13]ever written.It has changed ideas about life on
Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
[12]so ...that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
[13]动词-ed形式作后置定语，修饰名词works。
suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先
over time随着时间的推移
evolution n.进化（论）
publish v.出版；发表
including prep.包含；包括
convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的
be regarded as被认为是
begin with开始于……
【参考译文】
发现之旅
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机
会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。然而来应聘的人并不是
船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人从医学院肄业，并且在他刚收到的
家书中，父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。尽管如此，他
的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现。
我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔
文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年，他搭乘贝格尔号从
英格兰启程。这趟旅程给了他研究自然环境中各种生物的契机。在南
美洲度过一段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。当他
研究这些样本时，他产生了疑问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？
当时，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现在地球上的，并从此再
无变化。但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物种的
动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化？
虽然这只是一个设想，但足够鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了
各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔文注意
到，在群岛中的每一个小岛上，雀鸟之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是
根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以
前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛，随着时间推移，慢慢进化成许多新的
种类。于是，关于动植物的新种类是如何产生的这个问题就有了答
案：它们是从早期的祖先进化而来的。
这是一个全新的观点——进化论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一
书中对此进行了解释。这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起轰
动。很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式
进化而来的。他们对此感到震惊。然而，达尔文的科学研究很有说服
力，以至于越来越多的人开始接受他的理论。
如今，《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止最重要的著作之一。它彻
底地改变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始于贝格尔号
的探索之旅。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. According to the text， which of the following is NOT correct？
A. Charles Darwin was not the captain’s first choice.
B. Charles Darwin’s father predicted he would be a disgrace to his
family.
C. He came back to England on the Beagle in 1831.
D. The journey aroused his interest in the question how different
species came to exist.
2. What was the common belief at that time？
A. All species had appeared on Earth at different times.
B. All species had not changed since they appeared.
C. Some species of animals were the same.
D. Animals adapted to the changing environment gradually.
3. interested Charles Darwin most in 1835 on the island.
A. Plants B. Dogs
C. New species D. Birds
4. What can we infer from the passage？
A. Charles Darwin was not an excellent graduate from the medical
school.
B. Charles Darwin was well received by the captain.
C. All his achievements began with the journey on the Beagle.
D. Charles Darwin explained his theory immediately he came back.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the second paragraph carefully and find the sentence which
can be used to introduce a person.
2. Read the sixth paragraph carefully and find the sentence which is
used to describe the reaction that something causes.
The young man in question， Charles Darwin， was a geologist
and naturalist， fascinated by rocks， plants and animals.
It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a
storm.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. Why didn’t Darwin publish his theory of evolution until 1859？
Perhaps during this period， he was doing further scientific
research to find more convincing evidence for his theory and so
on.
2. What characteristics can we learn from Darwin？ Which one of
them do you think will be the most helpful in your life and study？
Brave， hard-working， devoted， patient， strict，
innovative/creative， curious， imaginative， diligent，
intelligent， talented， brilliant， honest， confident， modest and
so on.In my opinion， hard-working spirit is the most helpful in my
study， because it will not only give me continuous energy and
confidence to study but also make up for my lack of wisdom.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. When the Beagle reached the Gal pagos Islands in 1835，
Darwin saw a variety of new species， but it was the birds that
interested him the most.
句式分析 本句为并列复合句，but前的分句为复合句，When the
Beagle reached the Gal pagos Islands in 1835为When引导的
从句；but后的分句是 句。
自主翻译
时
间状语
强调
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，
达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是
鸟类。
2. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common
ancestor， which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
句式分析 本句为复合句， that the finches had evolved from a
common ancestor为that引导的 从句，which had arrived
on the islands a long time before为which引导的
从句，修饰先行词 。
自主翻译
宾语
非限制性定语
a common ancestor
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而
来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛。
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
distant adj.遥远的；远处的；远亲的
【教材原句】 The captain of the ship， the Beagle， wanted
someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant
countries yet little known”.
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访
问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。
（1）a distant cousin/aunt/relative 远房堂兄弟/姑母/亲戚
（2）distance n. 距离；远方
in the distance 在远处
at a distance （of） 在……远的地方；距离稍远
keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距
离
keep one’s distance from 与……保持距离
【用法】
【佳句】 The time we spent together is a distant memory now.
我们在一起度过的时光现在已经成为遥远的回忆。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Small and distant the cities though my hometown is，
there is always something different to catch your eye.
②Standing at the top of the TV tower， we could see the
mountains the distance clearly.
③The majority of these historic buildings are within
walking （distant） of one another.
from
in
distance
【写美】 一句多译
④你最好离那条狗远点。它很危险。
→You’d better .It’s dangerous.
→You’d better .It’s dangerous.
keep your distance from the dog
keep the dog at a distance
profit n.收益 vt. 有益于 vi.有益；获利
【教材原句】 The captain of the ship， the Beagle， wanted
someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant
countries yet little known”.
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访
问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。
（1）profit from/by ... 从……中获利/受益
profit sb 使某人获益
（2）a rise/an increase in profits 收益的上升/增长
a drop/fall in profits 收益的跌落/下降
make a profit 赚取利润
for profit 为了赢利
（3）profitable adj. 有利润的；有益的
a profitable class 有收获的一堂课
【用法】
【佳句】 Two quarrel and a third profits by it.
[谚]鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The large international firms are not the only ones to
profit the opportunities in China.
②The company， headed by its new manager， started to
make profit after putting a new product on the market.
【写美】 补全句子
③I hope all of you can .
我希望你们都能从我的忠告中得益。
from
a
profit from/by my advice
disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱 v.丢脸；使蒙羞
【教材原句】 What’s more， he had recently received a letter from
his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all
your family”.并且在他刚收到的家书中，父亲预言他将会成为“自己
和全家人的耻辱”。
（1）be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事
in disgrace 为人所不齿；失宠
（2）disgrace oneself 使某人自己丢脸/蒙羞
（3）disgraceful adj. 不光彩的；可耻的
grace n. 优雅，高雅
【用法】
【佳句】 Before the competition，I was determined not to be a
disgrace to myself.
比赛之前，我下定决心不给自己丢脸。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The girl disgraced （she） by behaving that way at the
party.
②Andrew behaved so badly on the school trip that he was sent
home disgrace.
herself
in
【写美】 补全句子
③In the Olympics， finishing second to the
athletes.
在奥运会中，得第二名对运动员来说并不丢脸。
is not a disgrace
of all time 有史以来；一直
【教材原句】 Despite all this， his adventures on this ship
would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries
of all time.尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最
重要的一项科学发现。
at times 有时；不时
at a time 一次，每次
at one time 曾经，一度
in no time 立刻，马上
from time to time 时常
all the time 一直
【用法】
【佳句】 As is well known，Edison was one of the greatest scientists
of all time.
众所周知，爱迪生是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。
【练透】 选用上面短语填空
①Often working at night， the poachers shoot whole herds of
antelope leaving only the babies.
②Advocated by many well-known experts and film stars， the
product was very popular .
③He insisted that the trapped be sent to a safe place .
at a time
at one time
in no time
in question 讨论中的；考虑中的；有疑问；不确定
【教材原句】 The young man in question， Charles Darwin， was a
geologist and naturalist， fascinated by rocks， plants and animals.我
们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对
岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。
put a question to sb 向某人提出一个问题
beyond question 不容置疑
without question 毫无疑问
out of question 毫无疑问，没有问题
out of the question 不可能；不允许；不值得讨论
【用法】
【佳句】 The future development of public transport is not in
question.
公共交通的未来发展是不容置疑的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①His musical talent is question， and he has achieved
great success.
②I’d like to travel with you， but with so much work left
unfinished， it seems out of question.
beyond
the
【写美】 翻译句子
③他考试会再次不及格，这是毫无疑问的。
He will fail in the examination again， which is out of question.
be crowded with 拥塞；挤满；充满
【教材原句】 After Darwin had spent some time in South
America， his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the
plants and animals he had collected.
在南美洲度过一段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。
（1）crowd in （on sb） （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑
海
crowd into one’s mind 涌入某人的脑海
crowd in/into （sth） 大批地涌入（某物）
（2）crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满的；充满的
（3）a crowd of （crowds of） 一群（成群）……
【用法】
【点津】 crowd是集合名词，作主语时，若视为整体则谓语动词用
单数形式；若强调个体成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is hard to reserve a table at this new restaurant as it
is （crowd） with customers every day.
②Memories crowded on him when he found an old picture
taken thirty years ago.
③Surrounded by （crowd） of citizens， the respected
scientist received a warm welcome.
crowded
in
crowds
【写美】 翻译句子
④人群兴奋得发狂。
The crowd was going wild with excitement.
adapt to适应/适合……
【教材原句】 Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their
changing environments？
也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化？
【用法】
（1）adapt oneself to 使自己适应……
adapt ...to do ... 调整……以做……
（2）adapt ...from 根据……改编……
adapt ...for 把……改写/改编成……
（3）adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本
【佳句】 Many students find it hard to adapt to the new school.
许多学生发现很难适应新学校。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①What kind of difficulty will Mary have adapting the new
environment？
②When you go to a new country， you must adapt
（you） to new customs.
to
yourself
【写美】 翻译句子
③众所周知，电影《红高粱》改编自莫言的同名小说。
It is well known that the film Red Sorghum is adapted from the novel
of the same title by Mo Yan.
particular adj.特别的；详细的；独有的；挑剔的
【教材原句】 It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what
food was available on that particular island.
它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
【用法】
（1）in particular 尤其，特别
be particular about/over sth 对……讲究/挑剔
（2）particularly adv. 尤其；特别；格外地，特别地，特定地
【佳句】 She loves Mark Twain’s novels in particular， which are
full of humour.
她特别喜爱马克·吐温的小说，充满了幽默。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①All the candidates are excellent， but I like the last one
particular — his experience is just what we need.
②He is very particular food but he doesn’t care about
money.
③The job sounds （particular） interesting and I
have desired to do it for quite a long time.
in
about/over
particularly
suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象
【教材原句】 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a
common ancestor， which had arrived on the islands a long time
before.
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，
雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛。
（1）suspect that ... 怀疑……
suspect sb of （doing） sth
怀疑某人有某种罪行
suspect sb to be ... 猜想/怀疑某人是……
（2）suspected adj. 疑似的
【用法】
【佳句】 I suspect that Emily was lying when she described the
incident， for I know her well.我怀疑埃米莉在描述该事件时撒谎了，
因为我很了解她。
【练透】 单句语法填空
① （suspect） of carrying something dangerous， the
traveler was stopped by the customs officer.
②He was taken to hospital after a （suspect） heart
attack.
Suspected
suspected
【写美】 一句多译
③我怀疑他就是那个扒手。
→I the pickpocket.
→I he is the pickpocket.
suspect him to be
suspect that
evidence n. 证据；证明
【教材原句】 LOOK FOR MORE EVIDENCE 寻找更多证据
【用法】
【佳句】 At present， we have no evidence of life on other planets.
目前，我们没有其他星球上存在生命的证据。
【练通】 单句语法填空
①There is convincing evidence listening to loud music can do
great harm to our hearing.
②It is （evidence） that the education of the youth is
vital to the future of a country.
that
evident
【写美】 一句多译
③显然没有证据证明他的诚实。
→ （it
作形式主语）
→ （副词作
状语）
It is evident that there is no evidence to prove his honesty.
Evidently， there is no evidence to prove his honesty.
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式： as引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】 As he studied these，he asked himself the question：
how did different species come to exist？
当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑问：这些不同的物种是如何产
生的？
as在此引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着”。as作连词
时，有以下用法：
（1）意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”时，引导时间状
语从句。
（2）意为“按照……的方式（方法）；如同……”时，引导方式状语
从句。
（3）意为“因为；既然”时，引导原因状语从句。
（4）意为“尽管”时，引导让步状语从句。
（5）引导比较状语从句时，常用于as ... as ...结构，意为“像……一
样……”，其中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。
【用法】
【品悟】 As years go by，China is getting richer and stronger.随着
一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强。
【点津】
（1）当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、
副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省
略冠词；
（2）with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或
with复合结构。
【写美】 微写作
①当我接近公共汽车站时，我看见一位女士从相反的方向向我冲过
来，一个小男孩跟在她后面。（情景描写）
， I saw a lady rushing towards me
from the opposite direction， a little boy following her.
②正如我姐姐为我做的那样，我给了她一些钱，她就走了。（动
作描写）
， I gave her some money and off she
went.
As I was nearing the bus stop
As my elder sister did for me
③他虽然是个孩子，却知道如何帮助别人。 （人物介绍）
Child ， he knows how to help others.
④随着时间的流逝，他满足于简单的生活。（人物介绍）
→ ， he contented himself with a simple life.
（as）
→ ， he contented himself with a simple life.
（with复合结构）
as he is
As time went by
With time going by
句型公式： not ...until ...直到……才……
【教材原句】 It was not published until 1859 and immediately
caused a storm.
这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起轰动。
（1）until用在肯定句中，谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如：
stand， stay， talk， wait等，表示主句动作终止的时间。
（2）until用在否定句中，谓语动词既可以是瞬间性动词也可以是延
续性动词，强调主句动作开始的时间。
（3）当not until 位于句首时，句子要倒装。
（4）not until的强调结构为“It is/was not until＋从句/表时间的词＋
that＋其他”。
【用法】
【品悟】 The plane won’t take off until the snowstorm stops.飞机要
等暴风雪停了才会起飞。
【写美】 微写作
①直到所有的准备都做好了我们才开始工作。（活动介绍）
We all the preparations had been
made.
②直到上周，那辆失窃的自行车才被找到。（报道）
the stolen bike was found.
③直到那时，我才真正理解我的治疗师的建议。（心理描写）
Not until then my therapist’s advice.
didn’t start the work until
It was not until last week that
did I truly understand
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. On a （遥远的） mountain was a sign —“Build the
Three Gorges Dam， Exploit the Yangtze River”.
2. Stone tools that were unearthed there indicate the early cultural
capabilities of our human （祖先）.
3. They enjoyed fresh watermelon last summer because they had
planted watermelon （种子） in the spring.
distant
ancestors
seeds
4. The judge was convinced of the proof that linked the
（嫌疑犯） with the crime.
5. It is （预测） that the weather is bound to get better
tomorrow.
6. There is growing e that staying up late at night has a
serious impact on people’s health.
7. Professor Smith is very kind.You can turn to him for help as long as
he is a .
8. The scientist collected some insects and plants as s in the
mountain for his study.
suspect
predicted
vidence
vailable
amples
维度二：词形转换
1. The fact is that most people didn’t believe his theory
of （evolve）.
2. It is widely believed that the public transport is a
（grace） in India， making native people unsatisfied.
3. His grandfather works as a （geology）， who always
deals with rocks and soils in the open air.
4. The three （generate） are all fond of the old
singer.
evolution
disgrace
geologist
generations
5. Regardless of the weather and the （distant），
Professor Li will make sure students attend his class on time.
6. Darwin’s （science） studies were so convincing that
more and more people started to believe his theory.
7. It is （benefit） to some people， while it puts others
into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.
8. I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times， resulting
in a （suspect） attitude towards everything and
everyone.
distance
scientific
beneficial
suspicious
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. No one knows when such a custom first （产生）.
2. Nowadays， cycling， along with jogging and swimming，
（被看作） one of the best all-round forms of
exercise.
3. To my amazement， his opinion （与……相似）
mine in many aspects.
4. One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences
for （各种各样的） work tasks.
came to exist
is
regarded as
is similar to
a variety of
5. This was also the height of the tourist season， and the
streets （挤满） tourists from around the
world.
6. In my opinion， （人们似
乎震惊了）.
7. （随着暑假的临近）， I
will be free for almost three months.
8. They （直到老
板回来才离开办公室）.
were crowded with
it seemed that people were shocked
As the summer break is approaching
didn’t leave the office until their boss came back
维度四：课文语法填空
The captain of the ship named the Beagle wanted someone to
profit by 1. （visit） distant countries.Luckily， Darwin
got the opportunity，2. he was not the captain’s
first choice.Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，3.
（fascinate） by rocks， plants and animals.The journey gave him the
chance 4. （study） various living things in their natural
environments.After Darwin
visiting
although/though
fascinated
to study
5. （spend） some time in South America， his room was
crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.He
began to consider the question 6. different species came to
exist.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar
7. each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their
had spent
how
to
8. （change） environments？ Darwin decided to find out
the truth.In 1835， Darwin saw a variety of new species， but it was
the birds that interested him the most.After much research， he came
to the 9. （conclude） that new species evolved from
earlier ancestors.Darwin explained this theory in his book， On the
Origin of Species， which 10. （regard） as one of the
most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on
Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
changing
conclusion
is regarded
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）When John Todd was a child， he loved to
explore the woods around his house， observing how nature solved
problems. A dirty stream， for example， often became clear after
flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.
When he got older， John started to wonder if this process could be
used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture， medicine， and fisheries in college，
John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can
certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds of fish
can eat cancer-causing chemicals？ With the right combination of
animals and plants， he figured， maybe he could clean up waste the
way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-
machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances
from some sludge （污泥）. First， he constructed a series of clear
fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local
ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He
placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little， these different
kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.
After a few weeks， John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-
machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it！ Within weeks，
it had all been digested， and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years， John has taken on many big jobs. He developed
a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage （污水） from 1，600
homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean
canal water in Fuzhou， a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life
on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he
says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s
happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to
self-repair.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。John Todd从小就喜欢观察大自然，
并被自然的自我修复能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，
John通过实验设计了生态机器，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。John Todd从小就喜欢观察大自然，
并被自然的自我修复能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，
John通过实验设计了生态机器，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问题。
1. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs？
A. He was fond of traveling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的observing how nature
solved problems和When he got older， John started to wonder if
this process could be used to clean up the messes people were
making.和第二段中的John went back to observing nature and
asking questions以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出，John是一个具
有探究精神的人。
2. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks？
A. To feed the animals.
B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants.
D. To test the eco-machine.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The task John set for
himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污
泥） ...placed them in the tanks可知，John修建水箱是为了清理污
泥中的有害物质，为此，他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段中的
all that was left was pure water表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变
化。据此可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了测试他的生态机
器的效果。
3. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou？
A. To review John’s research plans.
B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中的Over the years， John has
taken on many big jobs.可知，多年来，John做了很多大型工作。
下文提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在
实践中的应用。
4. What is the basis for John’s work？
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
解析： 推理判断题。本文主要围绕John的疑问展开，即一条肮
脏的溪流在穿过植物和流过微生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清
澈，这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏乱呢？正是在这个疑
问的指引下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就
在于自然的自我修复能力，且最后一段最后一句也表明了John的工
作基于“自然可以进行自我修复”这一理念。
B
Stephen Warren， study leader at the University of
Washington — has been on the case of the green icebergs for more
than 30 years.He first took samples from one of these green hunks of
ice in 1988， near the Amery Ice Shelf， East Antarctic.Most glacial
ice occurs in shades of white to brilliant blue.The bluer the ice， the
older it is.Typically， compression （压缩） from accumulating layers
of snow pushes air bubbles out of the ice， reducing the scattering of
white light.The compressed ice absorbs most of the light except for
blue — creating the blue color seen in the hearts of icebergs and
glaciers.
The green ice was similarly bubble-free， and yet it looked green
instead of blue.Warren and his team soon found that the green ice
came not from glaciers， but from marine ice.That’s the ice from the
undersides of floating ice shelves.
At first， the team thought that organic material in the marine
ice was causing the green color.But further research showed that the
green marine ice didn’t have a higher-than-usual amount of organic
impurities.Now， a new study finds that a different sort of impurity
may be the root cause of the green ice.Warren and his colleagues
report that the marine ice at the bottom of the Amery Ice Shell has 500
times more iron than the glacial ice above.
This iron comes from the rocks under the Antarctic Ice Sheet，
which are turned into fine powder as glaciers move over them.The
icebound iron oxidizes （氧化） as it contacts seawater.The resulting
iron oxide particles take on a green color when light scatters through
them.When icebergs break off the larger ice shelf， they carry this
iron-rich ice with them.It’s like taking a package to the post office.The
iceberg can deliver this iron into the ocean far away， and then melt
and deliver it to other living things that can use it as a nutrient.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿大学的
Stephen Warren带领自己的团队揭开了绿色冰山的形成之谜。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿大学的
Stephen Warren带领自己的团队揭开了绿色冰山的形成之谜。
5. What’s special about the iceberg found by Warren？
A. The iceberg was old.
B. The iceberg absorbed blue light.
C. The iceberg’s heart was pure white.
D. The iceberg was bubble-free and green.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Warren发现的冰
山没有气泡且呈绿色。
6. What’s the actual reason for the green color of some Antarctic
icebergs？
A. Iron dust from marine ice.
B. Impurities of marine ice.
C. Reflection of green plants.
D. Compression from layers of snow.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的This iron comes
from ...light scatters through them.可知，海冰中的铁尘是一些冰山
呈绿色的真正原因。
7. What’s the function of the iron mentioned in the last paragraph？
A. Deliver the package.
B. Oxidize the seawater.
C. Bring marine life nutrients.
D. Break off the large ice shelf.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The iceberg can
deliver ...as a nutrient.可知，冰山中的铁最终会被输送给其他生
物，当作它们的营养物质。
8. What is the text mainly about？
A. A study about Antarctic.
B. The colors of icebergs.
C. The movement of icebergs.
D. The mystery of green icebergs.
解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文围绕Stephen Warren
带领自己的团队揭开了绿色冰山的形成之谜展开。
C
On a mid-September day， scientists Chris Rimmer and Bill
DeLuca drive to the top of the highest mountain in Vermont.They
lower themselves down a steep rocky path and hike through a forest
until they find a good spot.Then they hang nets from ski racing poles，
hoping to catch some blackpoll warblers （黑顶白颊林莺） to
measure， tag， and release them in Mount Mansfield.It is in an open
space in the woods that the nets are set.
The blackpoll warbler is a fist-size bird with an unusually high-
pitched song.The male has white cheeks and a black mark on its head
like a hat； the female is mostly gray with darker cheeks and no
distinguishing marks.But what makes the bird special is the
remarkable way it flies south for the winter.In the fall， millions of
these birds fly from their mountaintop homes in Canada， Alaska and
New England to the northeast coast of the United States to prepare for
a dangerous journey.For weeks， they fill their bellies with spiders
and beetles until their bodies can hold no more.And one fall day，
when the sky is clear and the wind is calm， they begin to fly.
They fly east to catch the tailwinds， then fly south.Some blackpolls
can fly for three days without stopping.
Sadly， the number of blackpolls is dropping so fast that they are
in danger now.Thus， tracking their migration helps figure out the
reason.DeLuca and Rimmer work until dark placing nets and then
sleep on the floor of a nearby hut.They return before sunrise and find
dozens of blackpolls in the nets.
Rimmer holds a blackpoll and ties a tiny aluminum band around
its leg.Each band has a nine-digit number for tracking.They need to
understand what’s hurting them to protect them.When Rimmer opens
his hand， the songbird flies farther up the mountain and lands on a
branch， facing south.This blackpoll’s long journey will begin soon.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家在濒危的黑顶白颊林莺的腿
上缠上一根带有编号的铝带，以便追踪它们并找到它们数量减少的
原因，进而更好地保护它们。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家在濒危的黑顶白颊林莺的腿
上缠上一根带有编号的铝带，以便追踪它们并找到它们数量减少的
原因，进而更好地保护它们。
9. Where do the scientists set nets according to Paragraph 1？
A. At the foot of the mountain.
B. On a rocky road.
C. In a clearing space.
D. Around the tree branches.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is in an open space in
the woods that the nets are set.可知，科学家们在林间空地设网。
10. What can we know about the blackpoll warblers from the
passage？
A. They are small birds with soft sounds.
B. The colour of the blackpolls is totally black.
C. They travel to the northeast coast of the US for the winter.
D. They fly east with the winds before heading south.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The blackpoll warbler is
a fist-size bird ... darker cheeks and no distinguishing marks. 可
知，A、B选项不正确；根据第二段中的In the fall， millions of
these birds ... to prepare for a dangerous journey.可知，C选项不正
确。根据第二段中的They fly east to catch the tailwinds， then fly
south.可知，D选项正确。
11. Why are blackpolls tagged with a small metal band？
A. To figure out how they become endangered.
B. To warn people not to hurt them.
C. To remind them to return on time.
D. To help them to find the direction.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的the number of
blackpolls ... helps figure out the reason以及最后一段中的
Rimmer holds a blackpoll ... hurting them可知，在黑顶白颊
林莺腿上缠上一根带有编号的铝带是为了追踪它们并找到它们
数量减少的原因。
12. What’s the text mainly about？
A. A long migration of blackpolls.
B. An outdoor birdwatching activity.
C. An attempt to investigate an endangered bird.
D. The achievements of two scientists.
解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了黑顶白
颊林莺的数量骤降，为了找到其中的原因进而更好地保护它们，
科学家在其腿上缠上一根带有编号的铝带以便对其进行追踪。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
A flower festival is an event during which many types of flowers
are shown to the public.In some cases， a flower festival may be a
small event attended by local people who grow plants as a
hobby. 13 They may attract large numbers of flower growers，
flower sellers and tourists.
Usually， a flower festival takes place at a time of year when
many types of flowers are fully open. 14 In this case， the
organizers must make sure that the event is scheduled during the right
time of year for that type.
Some festivals are arranged to encourage flower growers to grow
certain types of plants.People are invited to show their flowers at the
festival. 15 Prizes are given to those who grow the largest， most
colorful or hardiest （最耐寒的） plants.
Besides competing for prizes， many flower growers show their
plants in flower shows for business purposes.Some people use these
events to win contracts with companies that buy large numbers of
flowers.Some take the chance to market flowers to customers. 16
They put their newly created plants on show at these festivals.
17 Local restaurants provide meals and drinks for
attendees.Musicians and other entertainers （演艺人员） are
sometimes hired to provide attendees with pleasure.Nearby hotels and
shops are full of people.They all can make a lot of money from the
event.
A. There will be competitions.
B. These flowers can be very expensive.
C. Other festivals are big international events.
D. Some festivals focus on a certain type of plant.
E. Some growers have created new types of flowers.
F. Usually， some flower festivals are held in the big parks.
G. Flower festivals can also encourage local economic development.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花卉节的活动方式
及活动意义。
13. C 根据上文In some cases ...plants as a hobby.可知，花卉节可能
是一个由当地人参加的小型活动。根据空后一句可知，此处说的是另
一些节日或活动。C项承上启下，符合语境。
14. D 根据空后一句可知，空处应该提到某个物种。D项符合语境，
D项中的a certain type of plant与下文for that type呼应。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花卉节的活动方式
及活动意义。
15. A 根据上下文可知，此处指节日期间会组织比赛。A项符合
语境。
16. E 根据下文They put their newly created plants on show at these
festivals.可知，E项与下文意思一致，E项中的new types of flowers与
下文their newly created plants呼应，符合语境。
17. G 根据下文可知，这项活动能够带动当地的经济发展。G项符合
语境。
谢谢观看！
