Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
1.All water traffic and tourist attractions （close） by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.
2.This Monday morning I was informed I （choose） as one of the three exchange students in our college.
3.Three apartments in the project （finish） as expected by the end of last month.
4.The two nurses （reward） with 100，000 yuan by the police but they donated it to victims of the explosion.
5.A rescue worker risked his life to save two tourists who （trap） in the mountains for two days.
6.The old man said that it was a small wooden cabin with narrow windows and a curtain that （mend） countless times.
7.I （pick） to be the princess in the school play， so I practised very hard.
8.That was the first time that she （invite） to visit the Great Wall， which made her extremely delighted.
9.If the new safety system （put） to use， the accident would never have happened.
10.It was the third time that the teacher （ask） the same question by his students.
维度二：语法与写作
1.有人提醒那个男孩，他的作业还没交。
The boy was reminded that his homework .
2.令我们大为宽慰的是，在消防员到达之前，大火已经被扑灭了。
Much to our relief， before the firefighters arrived.
3.已经证实他不是你正在找的那个人。
that he isn’t the person you’re looking for.
4.在该剧院 75 年的历史中，这一片段反复演了很多遍。
It was a scene that many times in the theater’s 75-year history.
5.他说从来没有人领他参观过巴黎。
He said that he Paris.
6.当我到达餐馆时，所有靠窗的桌子都被电话预订了。
All the tables by the windows when I got to the restaurant.
7.飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？
How many buildings when the hurricane ended？
8.我在最后一刻赶上了公共汽车，但所有的座位都被坐满了，所以我站了一路。
I caught the bus at the last second， but all the seats so I stood all the way.
9.——罗斯，你周末过得怎么样？
——糟透了！这是我第一次被孤零零地留在家里，我无聊得要死。
—How was your weekend， Rose？
—Awful！ It was the first time that I ， bored to death.
10.到上个月月底，一些最新的教学设备已经被送往西藏的一些高中。
By the end of last month， some latest teaching equipment to some high schools in Tibet.
维度三：语法与语篇
Worse luck！ First， food and drinking water 1. （use） up before we reached the destination. Then， my husband was speeding up the car when it suddenly 2. （break） down. It turned out that the car 3. （suffer） engine failure. So we had to walk ahead along the road until our strength 4. （give） out. We finally arrived at a small hotel， but we found our money 5. （run） out of and that the batteries of our mobile phones 6. （be） flat. With the help of the owner of the hotel， we 7. （charge） our mobile phones and got in touch with our friends to borrow some money. Then we 8. （provide） with a comfortable room and we were told that our car 9. （send） to the nearest garage. By the time the car was finally repaired， we 10. （stick） at the hotel for more than three days.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I have learned a great many things from playing football.And it has changed my entire attitude towards life.
In my freshman year at high school， I was shy， had low self-confidence and turned away from seemingly impossible challenges.On the first day of freshman practice， the team warmed up with a game of touch football.However， during the game， I didn’t run as hard as I could， nor did I try to escape from my defender and get open.The fact of the matter was that I really didn’t want to be the one at fault if I dropped the ball and the play didn’t succeed.I didn’t want to take the responsibility of helping the team because I was too afraid of making a mistake.That aspect of my character led the first year of my high school life.I avoided asking questions in class， afraid they might be considered too stupid by my classmates.
During my second-year season， my position at backup guard led me to play in the games since another backup guard on my team was seriously injured.From then on， I made mistakes sometimes and was blamed by my coaches indeed.However， those criticisms didn’t make my teammates look down upon me， but they helped me a lot.At times I made great plays， for which I was congratulated.Now， I feel like a changed person.
Over the years， playing football has taught me what it takes to succeed.From months of tough practices， I have learned to work hard.From my coaches and teammates， I have learned to work well with others in a group.But most importantly， I have gained self-confidence.I realize that it is necessary to risk failure in order to gain success.Now， I welcome the challenge.
1.What sort of boy was the author in his early years of high school？
A.Kind. B.Brave.
C.Lonely. D.Fearful.
2.What can we learn about the teammates？
A.They are friendly and warm-hearted.
B.They were seriously injured during the games.
C.They are unsatisfied with the team’s performance.
D.They regarded the author as the most important player.
3.What was the most important thing the author learned from playing football？
A.Practice makes perfect. B.You get what you pay off.
C.Many hands make light work. D.Self-confidence is the key to success.
4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text？
A.To recall his school days. B.To show his love for football.
C.To share his growth experience. D.To thank his coaches and teammates.
B
You get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain.You feel upset if your phone is getting low on power， and you secretly worry things will go wrong at work if you’re not there.All these can be called “always on” stress caused by smartphone addiction.
For some people， smartphones have liberated them from the nine-to-five work.Flexible working has given them more autonomy （自主权） in their working lives and enabled them to spend more time with their friends and families.For many others though， smartphones have become tyrants （暴君） in their pockets， never allowing them to switch them off， relax and recharge their batteries.
Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much he was ignoring his family and friends in favour of his iPhone.So he developed an app — Moment — to monitor his usage.The app enables users to see how much time they’re spending on the device and set up warnings if the usage limits are breached （突破）.“Moment’s goal is to promote balance in your life，” his website explains.“Some time on your phone， some time off it enjoying your loving family and friends around you.”
Dr.Christine Grant， an occupational （职业的） psychologist at Coventry University， said， “The effects of this ‘always on’ culture are that your mind is never resting， and you’re not giving your body time to recover， so you’re always stressed.And the more tired and stressed we get， the more mistakes we make.Physical and mental health can suffer.”
And as the number of connected smartphones is increasing， so is the amount of data.This is leading to a sort of decision paralysis （瘫痪） and is creating more stress in the workplace because people have to receive a broader range of data and communications which are often difficult to manage.“It actually makes it more difficult to make decisions and many do less because they’re controlled by it all and feel they can never escape the office，” said Dr.Christine Grant.
5.What’s the first paragraph mainly about？
A.The popularity of smartphones.
B.The progress of modern technology.
C.The signs of “always on” stress.
D.The cause of smartphone addiction.
6.What did Kevin Holesh develop “Moment” to do？
A.To research how people use their mobile phones.
B.To help people control their use of mobile phones.
C.To make people love parents and friends around.
D.To increase the fun of using mobile phones.
7.What’s Dr.Christine Grant’s attitude towards “always on” culture？
A.Confused. B.Positive.
C.Doubtful. D.Critical.
8.According to the last paragraph， what does a greater amount of data mean？
A.We will become less productive. B.We can make a decision more quickly.
C.We will be equipped with more knowledge. D.We can work more effectively.
C
Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？ Perhaps they were busy talking， texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them.As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising， they have been given a new name — phubbers （低头族）.
Recently， a cartoon made by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight.In the short film， phubbers with various social identities are buried in their phones.A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die， a pretty woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site， and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone.A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
Although the ending sounds overstated， the damage phubbing can bring is real.Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it.“Continuously stretching your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying， “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also， staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually， according to the report.
But that’s not all.Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family.At reunions with family or friends， many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere， Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost you your life.There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death， suffered accidents， and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.
9.What does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2 to do？
A.To advertise the cartoon made by students.
B.To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.
C.To show the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.
D.To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.
10.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “are buried in”？
A.hide B.use
C.cover D.pay all attention to
11.A phubber may have all the possible problems EXCEPT .
A.his social skills could be affected
B.his neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed
C.he will cause the destruction of the world
D.he might get separated from his friends and family
12.What is the author’s attitude towards phubbing？
A.Negative. B.Supportive.
C.Optimistic. D.Objective.
Ⅱ.完形填空
A Saturday morning， we noticed a handful of soft brown curly hairs on Rosie’s pillow.Was she 13 about her new school life？ Or unsuitable shampoo？ We 14 it with another brand， but Monday morning brought twice as many curls.Sadly， by Thursday， Rosie’s hair was all 15 .
Having undergone a series of examinations， Rosie was diagnosed （诊断） with Alopecia， an immunity 16 causing the hair to fall out.In the following months we had to rely on hats to protect Rosie from 17 stares and in the meantime， we looked for answers from books and searched the Internet for 18 and success stories.After trying countless treatments， and even a stress-reducing lifestyle change， nothing 19 though.
The next few months were filled with ups and downs.When Rosie asked why other children were 20 ， we’d explain they were simply curious and then quickly took her away. 21 the unwelcome attention began to seem natural.We stopped 22 the stares and decided to embrace them.When asked about her hair， Rosie would 23 give creative， witty answers： “My hair is on vacation.” Other days she would get right to the point， “I’m 24 bald （秃的） and I have Alopecia.”
Instead of focusing on 25 her baldness， we finally came up with some friendly rules — “Operation SPIRIT”. Facing stares from other children， Rosie has learned smile， pride， introducing herself， raising 26 by sharing her story， inquiring what makes them unique and thankfulness.
These days， if you happen to look in our direction， you’ll see a beautiful little bald girl who 27 what she lacks in hair with SPIRIT.
13.A.stressed B.curious
C.excited D.hopeful
14.A.compared B.replaced
C.improved D.promoted
15.A.colored B.cut
C.gone D.curled
16.A.disorder B.development
C.test D.system
17.A.caring B.blank
C.unfamiliar D.unwanted
18.A.objects B.evidence
C.miracles D.results
19.A.mattered B.appeared
C.worked D.stopped
20.A.speaking B.staring
C.gesturing D.nodding
21.A.In addition B.By contrast
C.In a sudden D.Over time
22.A.escaping from B.relying on
C.bringing forth D.approving of
23.A.rarely B.instantly
C.gratefully D.intimately
24.A.even B.rather
C.just D.still
25.A.protecting B.reporting
C.understanding D.tackling
26.A.funds B.doubts
C.confidence D.questions
27.A.finds out B.takes up
C.holds out to D.makes up for
Ⅲ.语法填空
Each time I take the underground I find myself 28 （surround） by dozens of passengers playing smartphones.They almost won’t even give a glance at the outside world.You may think it is normal to play smartphones 29 （kill） time.What’s worse， when I talk with some of my friends， they talk as playing， which is really an 30 （annoy）.
I really miss the old days when I 31 （chat） with some passengers on the train.Now things are different.
Everyone just concentrates 32 their smartphones.When talking with them， 33 seems that you are disturbing their playing smartphones.I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them.Sometimes I just feel we 34 （large） ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with 35 （distance） strangers through the Internet.We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. 36 ridiculous the situation is！ In a way we 37 （control） by smartphones now.Are you experiencing the same situation like me？ Do you have any ways to avoid that？
28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36.
37.
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.had been closed 2.had been chosen 3.had been finished
4.had been rewarded 5.had been trapped
6.had been mended 7.had been picked
8.had been invited 9.had been put 10.had been asked
维度二
1.had not been handed in 2.the fire had been put out
3.It has been confirmed 4.had been repeated
5.had never been shown around
6.had been booked by telephone
7.had been destroyed 8.had been occupied
9.had been left alone at home 10.had been sent
维度三
1.had been used 2.broke 3.had suffered 4.gave
5.had been run 6.had been 7.charged 8.were provided
9.had been sent 10.had been stuck
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高二年级时，因机缘巧合真正参与了足球运动。在比赛中，教练与队友的包容和鼓励改变了作者，使他转变为一个勇于接受挑战且充满自信的人。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的In my freshman year at high school， I was shy， had low self-confidence and turned away from seemingly impossible challenges.和I didn’t want to take the responsibility of helping the team because I was too afraid of making a mistake.可推知，作者在高一时缺乏自信，害怕犯错误，是个胆怯的孩子。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的However， those criticisms didn’t make my teammates look down upon me， but they helped me a lot.可推知，队友们非常友好和热心。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的But most importantly， I have gained self-confidence.I realize that it is necessary to risk failure in order to gain success.可知，作者学到了要自信，敢于冒险是成功的关键。
4.C 写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲述了自己在高中时期自身的转变，作者是在分享他人生重要的成长经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因手机上瘾而产生的“在线”文化。
5.C 段落大意题。第一段最后一句是对前面举例的总结，旨在说明社会上出现的由于手机上瘾而造成的“在线”压力现象。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，Kevin Holesh因为担心手机使用者忽略和家人朋友在一起的时间，所以开发了一个应用程序——Moment，其目的是帮助人们监管手机使用。
7.D 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推测，Christine Grant对这种“在线”文化抱有批判的态度。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的This is leading to a sort of decision paralysis （瘫痪） and is creating more stress in the workplace可知，大量的数据让人们的决策力下降，且给工作场合带来压力。由此推断，大量数据意味着我们的生产率更低。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了低头族过度使用手机带来的危害，提醒我们恰当使用手机。
9.B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，这部动画短片讲述了人们低头看手机的危害。作者以动画短片为例，说明人们低头的不良影响。
10.D 词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，这些不同身份的人都全神贯注于手机，所以导致了病人死亡、车祸现场前自拍和丢孩子这些不好的事情。画线短语意为“全神贯注于”。
11.C 细节理解题。根据第三段内容和第四段中的Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family.可知，低头族的脖子和视力会逐渐受损、社交能力可能会受到影响。C项（他将毁灭世界）夸大事实。
12.A 观点态度题。根据最后三段内容可知，作者认为低头有危害，对低头持消极态度。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Rosie的小女孩因为患有脱发症，导致头发都掉光了，尝试了无数治疗方式无果后，从一开始回避他人异样的目光，到决定接受这件事发生的转变。
13.A 根据上文we noticed a handful of soft brown curly hairs on Rosie’s pillow可知，Rosie掉头发，我们猜想是不是她因为新的学校生活而感到紧张。stressed紧张的；curious好奇的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的。
14.B 根据上文Or unsuitable shampoo？可知，猜测是不是由于洗发水不合适，于是换了洗发水。compare比较；replace替换；improve提高，改善；promote促进。
15.C 根据下文Rosie was diagnosed （诊断） with Alopecia可知，Rosie患有脱发症，因此头发掉光了。colored给……上色；cut切；gone去，消失；curled卷曲。
16.A 此处是对脱发症的解释，脱发症是一种导致头发脱落的免疫系统紊乱。disorder紊乱；development发展；test测试；system系统。
17.D 根据上文可知，Rosie的头发掉光了，不得不依靠帽子来保护Rosie免受不必要的注视。caring关心的；blank空白的；unfamiliar不熟悉的；unwanted不必要的。
18.C 根据success stories可知，试图找到奇迹。object物体；evidence证据；miracle奇迹；result结果。
19.C 根据下文I’m 24 bald （秃的） and I have Alopecia.可知，Rosie的头发没有重新长回来，一切方法都没有奏效。matter重要；appear出现；work奏效；stop停止。
20.B 根据上文In the following months we had to rely on hats to protect Rosie from 17 stares and in the meantime可知，Rosie头发掉光了，其他孩子会盯着看。speak说话；stare凝视；gesture作手势；nod点头。
21.D 根据the unwelcome attention began to seem natural可知，这种不受欢迎的关注开始显得很自然得经过一段时间的适应。in addition此外；by contrast相比之下；in a sudden突然；over time随着时间的推移。
22.A 根据decided to embrace them可知，此处表示决定不再逃避，而是接受这个事实。escape from逃离；rely on依靠；bring forth提出；approve of赞成。
23.B 根据My hair is on vacation.可知，Rosie会对别人的疑问迅速作出回应。rarely罕见地；instantly立刻；gratefully感激地；intimately亲密地。
24.C 根据I have Alopecia可知，Rosie认为自己只是因为患有脱发症而秃头。
25.D 根据we finally came up with some friendly rules — “Operation SPIRIT”可知，此处指没有专注于解决秃头的问题。protect保护；report报告；understand理解；tackle处理。
26.C 根据Rosie has learned smile， pride可知，Rosie学会积极应对自己的疾病，通过分享自己的故事来提高自信。fund基金；doubt怀疑；confidence自信；question问题。
27.D 根据第一段中的Sadly， by Thursday， Rosie’s hair was all 15 .可知，Rosie用自己的精神弥补了头发上的不足。find out发现；take up占据；hold out to抓住；make up for弥补。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了目前社会上存在的一种现象，到处可以看到每个人都只专注于他们的智能手机，在某种程度上人们被智能手机控制着。
28.surrounded 考查非谓语动词。此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，myself 和surround之间是动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填surrounded。
29.to kill 考查非谓语动词。本句中的it是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to kill。
30.annoyance 考查词形转换。根据空前的an可知，此空用名词形式。故填annoyance。
31.chatted 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处指过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故填chatted。
32.on 考查介词。concentrate on集中精力于。故填on。
33.it 考查固定句式。it seems that ...是固定句式，意为“似乎，好像”。故填it。
34.largely 考查词形转换。ignore是动词，应用副词来修饰。故填largely。
35.distant 考查词形转换。此处strangers是名词，应用形容词来修饰。故填distant。
36.How 考查感叹句。此处ridiculous是形容词，应用how来修饰。
37.are controlled 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指目前的一种事实，且谓语动词和句子主语we之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are controlled。
5 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
过去完成时的被动语态
1.On Monday，my classmate and I spoke about what we did at the weekend — it felt really strange not to already know what he had done.
2.It made me realise the value of real contact that I had forgotten.
3.At the start of the detox，over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media， in ANY form， for seven days.
4.They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.
5.But on reflection， I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.
【我的发现】
1.以上句子中，句1和2是过去完成时的 语态，其构成形式为： 。
2.以上句子中，句3，4，5是过去完成时的 语态，其构成形式为： 。
一、定义
过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。
The room had been cleaned when we came.
我们来的时候房间已经被打扫干净了。
二、构成
1.肯定结构：主语＋had been done
2.否定结构：主语＋had not been done
3.疑问句结构：“Had＋主语＋been done ...？”或“疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done？”
【即时演练1】 补全句子
①昨天十二点之前任务完成了吗？
before 12：00 yesterday？
②他说他们发现了一堆被遗留在人行道上的文件。
He said they had found a pile of papers that on the footpath.
③消息传来说李华被北京大学录取了。
Word came that Li Hua to Peking University.
④在我们实施这项计划之前，同学们提出了不同的想法。
Before we carried out the plan，various ideas by my classmates.
三、基本用法
1.用在told， said， knew， thought等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
They said the production costs had been reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
2.当before， when， by the time， until等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by， before后接过去的时间时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
By the time Tom got to the golf club，the first period had been finished.
当汤姆到达高尔夫俱乐部时，第一阶段已经结束了。
3.在It was the first/second/...time that ...从句中，主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
It was the second time that his food and personal necessities had been stolen.
这是第二次他的食物和个人生活必需品被偷了。
4.在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
If the AI robot had been invented earlier，the production efficiency would have been improved.
如果早点发明人工智能机器人，生产效率就会提高了。
5.在Hardly/Scarcely had ...when ...和No sooner had ...than ...句型中，当主句主语是动作的承受者时，主句用过去完成时的被动语态，表示“一……就……”。
Hardly had the front door been opened when we could smell the gas.
一打开前门，我们就闻到了煤气的味道。
【即时演练2】 所给单词的适当形式填空
①The media reported more than 1，000 people （kill） in the hurricane.
②The police finally recovered the paintings that （steal）.
③He did what he （tell） to.
appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的
【教材原句】 Use the past perfect passive where appropriate.
在适当的地方使用过去完成时的被动语态。
【用法】
（1）be appropriate for/to ...对……适合
It is appropriate for sb to do sth＝It is appropriate that sb （should） do sth某人做某事是恰当的
（2）appropriately adv. 恰当地；合适地
【佳句】 I think I am appropriate for the job due to my excellent English.
我认为我适合这份工作，因为我的英语很好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It was a challenging job， but anyhow he managed to handle it （appropriate）.
【写美】 一句多译
②你在公共场合问这些私人问题是不合适的。
→It is not appropriate these private questions in public.
→It is not appropriate these private questions in public.
considerate adj.替他人着想的；体贴的
【教材原句】 I’d politely remind them it’s not permitted， and that they should be considerate of others. 我会礼貌地提醒他们，这是不允许的，他们应该为别人着想。
【用法】
（1）be considerate to/towards 对……体贴，为……着想
It is considerate of sb to do ... 某人做……真体贴
（2）consider v. 考虑；认为
consider doing ... 考虑做……
consider sb/sth as/to be ... 认为某人/物是……
（3）consideration n. 仔细考虑；深思
take sth into consideration 考虑到；顾及
【佳句】 Children must learn a few basic things — being safe， being considerate towards others and being responsible for themselves.
孩子们必须学会一些基本的东西——安全、体贴他人和对自己负责。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①It was very considerate you to turn off the light while I was sleeping.
②Now he hopes that other cities will consider （make） their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.
③她对别人很体贴，所以大家都和她相处得很好。（人物介绍）
She everyone gets on well with her.
【写美】 句式升级
④If you take all things into consideration，you will find it worthwhile to do this.
→ ，you will find it worthwhile to do this.（with复合结构）
promote v.促进，增进；促销，推销；提升，晋升
【教材原句】 How to promote values education. 如何促进价值观教育。
【用法】
（1）promote sb （from ...） to ...把某人（从某职位）提升到某职位
promote sth to ... 把某物推销给……
get promoted 升职
（2）promotion n. 提升；晋级；促销活动
【佳句】 To promote Chinese language and culture abroad， the Chinese government has opened over 500 Confucius Institutes around the world.
为了向海外推广中国语言和文化，中国政府已经在世界各地开设了500多所孔子学院。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is said that he will be promoted general manager of the company.
②While waiting for the opportunity to get （promote）， Henry did his best to perform his duty.
【写美】 补全句子
③为了促进文化交流，下周一组学生将被派往英国。
To ， a group of students will be sent to England next week.
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.主动 had done 2.被动 had been done
即时演练1
①Had the task been finished ②had been left out
③had been admitted ④had been put forward
即时演练2
①had been killed ②had been stolen ③had been told
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①appropriately ②for you to ask； that you （should） ask
2.①of ②making
③is so considerate to/towards others that
④With all things taken into consideration
3.①to ②promoted ③promote cultural exchange
4 / 4(共88张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
过去完成时的被动语态
1. On Monday，my classmate and I spoke about what we did at the
weekend — it felt really strange not to already know what he had
done.
2. It made me realise the value of real contact that I had forgotten.
3. At the start of the detox，over 100 students had been persuaded to
stop using social media， in ANY form， for seven days.
4. They had been promised money by family and friends for each day
spent without using social media.
5. But on reflection， I can see how much of my time had been occupied
with checking my phone.
【我的发现】
1. 以上句子中，句1和2是过去完成时的 语态，其构成形式
为： 。
2. 以上句子中，句3，4，5是过去完成时的 语态，其构成形
式为： 。
主动
had done
被动
had been done
一、定义
过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某时间或某一动作之前已经
发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。
The room had been cleaned when we came.
我们来的时候房间已经被打扫干净了。
二、构成
1. 肯定结构：主语＋had been done
2. 否定结构：主语＋had not been done
3. 疑问句结构：“Had＋主语＋been done ...？”或“疑问词＋had＋
主语＋been done？”
【即时演练1】 补全句子
①昨天十二点之前任务完成了吗？
before 12：00 yesterday？
②他说他们发现了一堆被遗留在人行道上的文件。
He said they had found a pile of papers that on the
footpath.
③消息传来说李华被北京大学录取了。
Word came that Li Hua to Peking University.
Had the task been finished
had been left out
had been admitted
④在我们实施这项计划之前，同学们提出了不同的想法。
Before we carried out the plan，various ideas
by my classmates.
had been put forward
三、基本用法
1. 用在told， said， knew， thought等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾
语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
They said the production costs had been reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
2. 当before， when， by the time， until等引导的时间状语从句的谓语
是一般过去时，以及by， before后接过去的时间时，主句的动作发
生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时
的被动语态。
By the time Tom got to the golf club，the first period had been
finished.
当汤姆到达高尔夫俱乐部时，第一阶段已经结束了。
3. 在It was the first/second/...time that ...从句中，主语是动作的承受
者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
It was the second time that his food and personal necessities had been
stolen.
这是第二次他的食物和个人生活必需品被偷了。
4. 在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承
受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
If the AI robot had been invented earlier，the production efficiency
would have been improved.
如果早点发明人工智能机器人，生产效率就会提高了。
5. 在Hardly/Scarcely had ...when ...和No sooner had ...than ...句型
中，当主句主语是动作的承受者时，主句用过去完成时的被动语
态，表示“一……就……”。
Hardly had the front door been opened when we could smell the gas.
一打开前门，我们就闻到了煤气的味道。
【即时演练2】 所给单词的适当形式填空
①The media reported more than 1，000 people
（kill） in the hurricane.
②The police finally recovered the paintings that
（steal）.
③He did what he （tell） to.
had been killed
had been stolen
had been told
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的
【教材原句】 Use the past perfect passive where appropriate. 在适当
的地方使用过去完成时的被动语态。
【用法】
（1）be appropriate for/to ...对……适合
It is appropriate for sb to do sth＝It is appropriate that sb （should） do
sth 某人做某事是恰当的
（2）appropriately adv. 恰当地；合适地
【佳句】 I think I am appropriate for the job due to my excellent
English.
我认为我适合这份工作，因为我的英语很好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It was a challenging job， but anyhow he managed to handle
it （appropriate）.
appropriately
【写美】 一句多译
②你在公共场合问这些私人问题是不合适的。
→It is not appropriate these private questions in public.
→It is not appropriate these private questions
in public.
for you to ask
that you （should） ask
considerate adj.替他人着想的；体贴的
【教材原句】 I’d politely remind them it’s not permitted， and that
they should be considerate of others.
我会礼貌地提醒他们，这是不允许的，他们应该为别人着想。
【用法】
（1）be considerate to/towards 对……体贴，为……着想
It is considerate of sb to do ... 某人做……真体贴
（2）consider v. 考虑；认为
consider doing ... 考虑做……
consider sb/sth as/to be ... 认为某人/物是……
（3）consideration n. 仔细考虑；深思
take sth into consideration 考虑到；顾及
【佳句】 Children must learn a few basic things — being safe， being
considerate towards others and being responsible for themselves. 孩子们
必须学会一些基本的东西——安全、体贴他人和对自己负责。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①It was very considerate you to turn off the light while I was
sleeping.
②Now he hopes that other cities will consider （make）
their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.
③她对别人很体贴，所以大家都和她相处得很好。（人物介绍）
She everyone gets on well
with her.
of
making
is so considerate to/towards others that
【写美】 句式升级
④If you take all things into consideration，you will find it worthwhile to
do this.
→ ，you will find it
worthwhile to do this.（with复合结构）
With all things taken into consideration
promote v.促进，增进；促销，推销；提升，晋升
【教材原句】 How to promote values education. 如何促进价值
观教育。
【用法】
（1）promote sb （from ...） to ... 把某人（从某职位）提升到某
职位
promote sth to ... 把某物推销给……
get promoted 升职
（2）promotion n. 提升；晋级；促销活动
【佳句】 To promote Chinese language and culture abroad， the
Chinese government has opened over 500 Confucius Institutes around the
world.
为了向海外推广中国语言和文化，中国政府已经在世界各地开设了
500多所孔子学院。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is said that he will be promoted general manager of the
company.
②While waiting for the opportunity to get （promote），
Henry did his best to perform his duty.
to
promoted
【写美】 补全句子
③为了促进文化交流，下周一组学生将被派往英国。
To ， a group of students will be sent to
England next week.
promote cultural exchange
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
1. All water traffic and tourist attractions （close）
by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.
2. This Monday morning I was informed I
（choose） as one of the three exchange students in our college.
3. Three apartments in the project （finish） as
expected by the end of last month.
had been closed
had been chosen
had been finished
4. The two nurses （reward） with 100，000
yuan by the police but they donated it to victims of the explosion.
5. A rescue worker risked his life to save two tourists who
（trap） in the mountains for two days.
6. The old man said that it was a small wooden cabin with narrow
windows and a curtain that （mend） countless
times.
7. I （pick） to be the princess in the school play，
so I practised very hard.
had been rewarded
had been
trapped
had been mended
had been picked
8. That was the first time that she （invite） to visit
the Great Wall， which made her extremely delighted.
9. If the new safety system （put） to use， the
accident would never have happened.
10. It was the third time that the teacher （ask） the
same question by his students.
had been invited
had been put
had been asked
维度二：语法与写作
1. 有人提醒那个男孩，他的作业还没交。
The boy was reminded that his homework .
2. 令我们大为宽慰的是，在消防员到达之前，大火已经被扑灭了。
Much to our relief， before the
firefighters arrived.
3. 已经证实他不是你正在找的那个人。
that he isn’t the person you’re looking
for.
had not been handed in
the fire had been put out
It has been confirmed
4. 在该剧院 75 年的历史中，这一片段反复演了很多遍。
It was a scene that many times in the theater’s
75-year history.
5. 他说从来没有人领他参观过巴黎。
He said that he Paris.
6. 当我到达餐馆时，所有靠窗的桌子都被电话预订了。
All the tables by the windows when
I got to the restaurant.
had been repeated
had never been shown around
had been booked by telephone
7. 飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？
How many buildings when the hurricane
ended？
8. 我在最后一刻赶上了公共汽车，但所有的座位都被坐满了，所以我
站了一路。
I caught the bus at the last second， but all the seats
so I stood all the way.
had been destroyed
had been
occupied
9. ——罗斯，你周末过得怎么样？
——糟透了！这是我第一次被孤零零地留在家里，我无聊得要
死。
—How was your weekend， Rose？
—Awful！ It was the first time that I
， bored to death.
10. 到上个月月底，一些最新的教学设备已经被送往西藏的一些高
中。
By the end of last month， some latest teaching equipment
to some high schools in Tibet.
had been left alone at
home
had
been sent
维度三：语法与语篇
Worse luck！ First， food and drinking water 1.
（use） up before we reached the destination. Then， my husband was
speeding up the car when it suddenly 2. （break） down. It
turned out that the car 3. （suffer） engine failure. So
we had to walk ahead along the road until our strength 4.
（give） out. We finally arrived at a small hotel， but we found our
money 5. （run） out of and that the batteries of our
mobile phones 6. （be） flat.
had been used
broke
had suffered
gave
had been run
had been
With the help of the owner of the hotel， we 7. （charge）
our mobile phones and got in touch with our friends to borrow some
money. Then we 8. （provide） with a comfortable
room and we were told that our car 9. （send） to the
nearest garage. By the time the car was finally repaired， we 10.
（stick） at the hotel for more than three days.
charged
were provided
had been sent
had
been stuck
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I have learned a great many things from playing football.And it has
changed my entire attitude towards life.
In my freshman year at high school， I was shy， had low self-
confidence and turned away from seemingly impossible challenges.On the
first day of freshman practice， the team warmed up with a game of touch
football.However， during the game， I didn’t run as hard as I could，
nor did I try to escape from my defender and get open.The fact of the
matter was that I really didn’t want to be the one at fault if I dropped the
ball and the play didn’t succeed.I didn’t want to take the responsibility
of helping the team because I was too afraid of making a mistake.That
aspect of my character led the first year of my high school life.I avoided
asking questions in class， afraid they might be considered too stupid by
my classmates.
During my second-year season， my position at backup guard led me
to play in the games since another backup guard on my team was seriously
injured.From then on， I made mistakes sometimes and was blamed by
my coaches indeed.However， those criticisms didn’t make my
teammates look down upon me， but they helped me a lot.At times I
made great plays， for which I was congratulated.Now， I feel like a
changed person.
Over the years， playing football has taught me what it takes to
succeed.From months of tough practices， I have learned to work
hard.From my coaches and teammates， I have learned to work well with
others in a group.But most importantly， I have gained self-confidence.I
realize that it is necessary to risk failure in order to gain success.Now， I
welcome the challenge.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高二年级时，因
机缘巧合真正参与了足球运动。在比赛中，教练与队友的包容和鼓
励改变了作者，使他转变为一个勇于接受挑战且充满自信的人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高二年级时，因
机缘巧合真正参与了足球运动。在比赛中，教练与队友的包容和鼓
励改变了作者，使他转变为一个勇于接受挑战且充满自信的人。
1. What sort of boy was the author in his early years of high school？
A. Kind. B. Brave.
C. Lonely. D. Fearful.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的In my freshman year at high
school， I was shy， had low self-confidence and turned away from
seemingly impossible challenges.和I didn’t want to take the
responsibility of helping the team because I was too afraid of making a
mistake.可推知，作者在高一时缺乏自信，害怕犯错误，是个胆怯
的孩子。
2. What can we learn about the teammates？
A. They are friendly and warm-hearted.
B. They were seriously injured during the games.
C. They are unsatisfied with the team’s performance.
D. They regarded the author as the most important player.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的However， those criticisms
didn’t make my teammates look down upon me， but they helped me
a lot.可推知，队友们非常友好和热心。
3. What was the most important thing the author learned from playing
football？
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. You get what you pay off.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. Self-confidence is the key to success.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的But most importantly， I
have gained self-confidence.I realize that it is necessary to risk failure
in order to gain success.可知，作者学到了要自信，敢于冒险是成功
的关键。
4. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text？
A. To recall his school days.
B. To show his love for football.
C. To share his growth experience.
D. To thank his coaches and teammates.
解析： 写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲述了自己在高
中时期自身的转变，作者是在分享他人生重要的成长经历。
B
You get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone
signal up the mountain.You feel upset if your phone is getting low on
power， and you secretly worry things will go wrong at work if you’re
not there.All these can be called “always on” stress caused by
smartphone addiction.
For some people， smartphones have liberated them from the nine-to-
five work.Flexible working has given them more autonomy （自主权）
in their working lives and enabled them to spend more time with their
friends and families.For many others though， smartphones have become
tyrants （暴君） in their pockets， never allowing them to switch them
off， relax and recharge their batteries.
Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how
much he was ignoring his family and friends in favour of his iPhone.So he
developed an app — Moment — to monitor his usage.The app enables
users to see how much time they’re spending on the device and set up
warnings if the usage limits are breached （突破）.“Moment’s goal is
to promote balance in your life，” his website explains.“Some time on
your phone， some time off it enjoying your loving family and friends
around you.”
Dr.Christine Grant， an occupational （职业的） psychologist at
Coventry University， said， “The effects of this ‘always on’ culture
are that your mind is never resting， and you’re not giving your body
time to recover， so you’re always stressed.And the more tired and
stressed we get， the more mistakes we make.Physical and mental health
can suffer.”
And as the number of connected smartphones is increasing， so is the
amount of data.This is leading to a sort of decision paralysis （瘫痪） and
is creating more stress in the workplace because people have to receive a
broader range of data and communications which are often difficult to
manage.“It actually makes it more difficult to make decisions and many
do less because they’re controlled by it all and feel they can never escape
the office，” said Dr.Christine Grant.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因手机上瘾而产生的
“在线”文化。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因手机上瘾而产生的
“在线”文化。
5. What’s the first paragraph mainly about？
A. The popularity of smartphones.
B. The progress of modern technology.
C. The signs of “always on” stress.
D. The cause of smartphone addiction.
解析： 段落大意题。第一段最后一句是对前面举例的总结，旨
在说明社会上出现的由于手机上瘾而造成的“在线”压力现象。
6. What did Kevin Holesh develop “Moment” to do？
A. To research how people use their mobile phones.
B. To help people control their use of mobile phones.
C. To make people love parents and friends around.
D. To increase the fun of using mobile phones.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，Kevin
Holesh因为担心手机使用者忽略和家人朋友在一起的时间，所
以开发了一个应用程序——Moment，其目的是帮助人们监管手
机使用。
7. What’s Dr.Christine Grant’s attitude towards “always on”
culture？
A. Confused. B. Positive.
C. Doubtful. D. Critical.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推测，Christine Grant对
这种“在线”文化抱有批判的态度。
8. According to the last paragraph， what does a greater amount of data
mean？
A. We will become less productive.
B. We can make a decision more quickly.
C. We will be equipped with more knowledge.
D. We can work more effectively.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的This is leading to a sort
of decision paralysis （瘫痪） and is creating more stress in the
workplace可知，大量的数据让人们的决策力下降，且给工作场合
带来压力。由此推断，大量数据意味着我们的生产率更低。
C
Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？
Perhaps they were busy talking， texting or checking updates on WeChat
without looking at what was going on around them.As the number of this
new “species” of human has kept rising， they have been given a new
name — phubbers （低头族）.
Recently， a cartoon made by students from China Central Academy
of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight.In the short
film， phubbers with various social identities are buried in their phones.A
doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die， a pretty
woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site， and a father loses his
child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone.A chain of
similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
Although the ending sounds overstated， the damage phubbing can
bring is real.Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of
it.“Continuously stretching your head to check your cell phone could
damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying，
“the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also，
staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight
gradually， according to the report.
But that’s not all.Being a phubber could also damage your social
skills and drive you away from your friends and family.At reunions with
family or friends， many people tend to stick to their cell phones while
others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange
atmosphere， Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost you your life.There have been lots of reports on
phubbers who fell to their death， suffered accidents， and were robbed of
their cell phones in broad daylight.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了低头族过度使用手机带
来的危害，提醒我们恰当使用手机。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了低头族过度使用手机带
来的危害，提醒我们恰当使用手机。
9. What does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2 to
do？
A. To advertise the cartoon made by students.
B. To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.
C. To show the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.
D. To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，这部动画短片讲述
了人们低头看手机的危害。作者以动画短片为例，说明人们低头的
不良影响。
10. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “are buried
in”？
A. hide B. use
C. cover D. pay all attention to
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，这些不同
身份的人都全神贯注于手机，所以导致了病人死亡、车祸现场前
自拍和丢孩子这些不好的事情。画线短语意为“全神贯注于”。
11. A phubber may have all the possible problems EXCEPT .
A. his social skills could be affected
B. his neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed
C. he will cause the destruction of the world
D. he might get separated from his friends and family
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段内容和第四段中的Being a
phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from
your friends and family.可知，低头族的脖子和视力会逐渐受损、
社交能力可能会受到影响。C项（他将毁灭世界）夸大事实。
12. What is the author’s attitude towards phubbing？
A. Negative. B. Supportive.
C. Optimistic. D. Objective.
解析： 观点态度题。根据最后三段内容可知，作者认为低头
有危害，对低头持消极态度。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A Saturday morning， we noticed a handful of soft brown curly hairs
on Rosie’s pillow.Was she 13 about her new school life？ Or
unsuitable shampoo？ We 14 it with another brand， but Monday
morning brought twice as many curls.Sadly， by Thursday， Rosie’s
hair was all 15 .
Having undergone a series of examinations， Rosie was diagnosed
（诊断） with Alopecia， an immunity 16 causing the hair to fall
out.In the following months we had to rely on hats to protect Rosie
from 17 stares and in the meantime， we looked for answers from
books and searched the Internet for 18 and success stories.After
trying countless treatments， and even a stress-reducing lifestyle change，
nothing 19 though.
The next few months were filled with ups and downs.When Rosie
asked why other children were 20 ， we’d explain they were simply
curious and then quickly took her away. 21 the unwelcome attention
began to seem natural.We stopped 22 the stares and decided to
embrace them.When asked about her hair， Rosie would 23 give
creative， witty answers： “My hair is on vacation.” Other days she
would get right to the point， “I’m 24 bald （秃的） and I have
Alopecia.”
Instead of focusing on 25 her baldness， we finally came up
with some friendly rules — “Operation SPIRIT”. Facing stares from
other children， Rosie has learned smile， pride， introducing herself，
raising 26 by sharing her story， inquiring what makes them unique
and thankfulness.
These days， if you happen to look in our direction， you’ll see a
beautiful little bald girl who 27 what she lacks in hair with SPIRIT.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Rosie的小女孩
因为患有脱发症，导致头发都掉光了，尝试了无数治疗方式无果
后，从一开始回避他人异样的目光，到决定接受这件事发生的转
变。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Rosie的小女孩
因为患有脱发症，导致头发都掉光了，尝试了无数治疗方式无果
后，从一开始回避他人异样的目光，到决定接受这件事发生的转
变。
13. A. stressed B. curious
C. excited D. hopeful
解析： 根据上文we noticed a handful of soft brown curly hairs on
Rosie’s pillow可知，Rosie掉头发，我们猜想是不是她因为新的
学校生活而感到紧张。stressed紧张的；curious好奇的；excited兴
奋的；hopeful有希望的。
14. A. compared B. replaced
C. improved D. promoted
解析： 根据上文Or unsuitable shampoo？可知，猜测是不是由
于洗发水不合适，于是换了洗发水。compare比较；replace替换；
improve提高，改善；promote促进。
15. A. colored B. cut C. gone D. curled
解析： 根据下文Rosie was diagnosed （诊断） with Alopecia可
知，Rosie患有脱发症，因此头发掉光了。colored给……上色；cut
切；gone去，消失；curled卷曲。
16. A. disorder B. development
C. test D. system
解析： 此处是对脱发症的解释，脱发症是一种导致头发脱落
的免疫系统紊乱。disorder紊乱；development发展；test测试；
system系统。
17. A. caring B. blank
C. unfamiliar D. unwanted
解析： 根据上文可知，Rosie的头发掉光了，不得不依靠帽子
来保护Rosie免受不必要的注视。caring关心的；blank空白的；
unfamiliar不熟悉的；unwanted不必要的。
18. A. objects B. evidence
C. miracles D. results
解析： 根据success stories可知，试图找到奇迹。object物体；
evidence证据；miracle奇迹；result结果。
19. A. mattered B. appeared
C. worked D. stopped
解析： 根据下文I’m 24 bald （秃的） and I have
Alopecia.可知，Rosie的头发没有重新长回来，一切方法都没有奏
效。matter重要；appear出现；work奏效；stop停止。
20. A. speaking B. staring
C. gesturing D. nodding
解析： 根据上文In the following months we had to rely on hats to
protect Rosie from 17 stares and in the meantime可知，Rosie头
发掉光了，其他孩子会盯着看。speak说话；stare凝视；gesture作
手势；nod点头。
21. A. In addition B. By contrast
C. In a sudden D. Over time
解析： 根据the unwelcome attention began to seem natural可
知，这种不受欢迎的关注开始显得很自然得经过一段时间的适
应。in addition此外；by contrast相比之下；in a sudden突然；over
time随着时间的推移。
22. A. escaping from B. relying on
C. bringing forth D. approving of
解析： 根据decided to embrace them可知，此处表示决定不再
逃避，而是接受这个事实。escape from逃离；rely on依靠；bring
forth提出；approve of赞成。
23. A. rarely B. instantly
C. gratefully D. intimately
解析： 根据My hair is on vacation.可知，Rosie会对别人的疑问
迅速作出回应。rarely罕见地；instantly立刻；gratefully感激地；
intimately亲密地。
24. A. even B. rather C. just D. still
解析： 根据I have Alopecia可知，Rosie认为自己只是因为患有
脱发症而秃头。
25. A. protecting B. reporting
C. understanding D. tackling
解析： 根据we finally came up with some friendly rules —
“Operation SPIRIT”可知，此处指没有专注于解决秃头的问题。
protect保护；report报告；understand理解；tackle处理。
26. A. funds B. doubts
C. confidence D. questions
解析： 根据Rosie has learned smile， pride可知，Rosie学会积
极应对自己的疾病，通过分享自己的故事来提高自信。fund基
金；doubt怀疑；confidence自信；question问题。
27. A. finds out B. takes up
C. holds out to D. makes up for
解析： 根据第一段中的Sadly， by Thursday， Rosie’s hair
was all 15 .可知，Rosie用自己的精神弥补了头发上的不足。
find out发现；take up占据；hold out to抓住；make up for弥补。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Each time I take the underground I find myself 28 （surround）
by dozens of passengers playing smartphones.They almost won’t even
give a glance at the outside world.You may think it is normal to play
smartphones 29 （kill） time.What’s worse， when I talk with
some of my friends， they talk as playing， which is really an 30
（annoy）.
I really miss the old days when I 31 （chat） with some
passengers on the train.Now things are different.
Everyone just concentrates 32 their smartphones.When talking
with them， 33 seems that you are disturbing their playing
smartphones.I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like
them.Sometimes I just feel we 34 （large） ignore our neighbors and
want to keep in touch with 35 （distance） strangers through the
Internet.We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the
needs nearby. 36 ridiculous the situation is！ In a way we 37
（control） by smartphones now.Are you experiencing the same situation
like me？ Do you have any ways to avoid that？
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了目前社会上存在的一种
现象，到处可以看到每个人都只专注于他们的智能手机，在某种程
度上人们被智能手机控制着。
28. surrounded 考查非谓语动词。此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足
语”结构，myself 和surround之间是动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾
语补足语。故填surrounded。
29. to kill 考查非谓语动词。本句中的it是形式主语，动词不定式作
真正的主语。故填to kill。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了目前社会上存在的一种
现象，到处可以看到每个人都只专注于他们的智能手机，在某种程
度上人们被智能手机控制着。
30. annoyance 考查词形转换。根据空前的an可知，此空用名词形
式。故填annoyance。
31. chatted 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处指过去的事情，
所以句子用一般过去时。故填chatted。
32. on 考查介词。concentrate on集中精力于。故填on。
33. it 考查固定句式。it seems that ...是固定句式，意为“似乎，好
像”。故填it。
34. largely 考查词形转换。ignore是动词，应用副词来修饰。故填
largely。
35. distant 考查词形转换。此处strangers是名词，应用形容词来修
饰。故填distant。
36. How 考查感叹句。此处ridiculous是形容词，应用how来修饰。
37. are controlled 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指目前的
一种事实，且谓语动词和句子主语we之间是被动关系，所以用一般现
在时的被动语态。故填are controlled。
谢谢观看！
