Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
1.What impressed me most was the （harmony） atmosphere at the racecourse.
2.It is joyful to receive encouragement，and giving others encouragement is also very （reward）.
3.He has cast her an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie，which will be released at the end of the year.
4.Goals have to be （realise） so that students can reach them and feel a sense of achievement.
5.Children with single parents at our school are the minority.
6.More than a dozen retired Xinjiang aid workers watched the film Kashgar Guli， which struck a chord two generations of Xinjiang aid workers.
7.The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
8.It is still a mystery caused the infectious virus to spread quickly in this ward.
9.It is necessary that we （clean） hands frequently to prevent ourselves from getting sick.
10.It （hope） that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon.
维度二：语法与写作
1.在这么简陋的村庄里，你能为我的学习创造条件真是太好了。
the way for my study in such a humble village.
2.这个项目能否在今年秋天完成还不确定。
the project will be completed this fall.
3.事实上，和那个固执的人争论是没有用的。
As a matter of fact， with the stubborn man.
4.有人建议我们定期进行身体检查。
physical examination on a regular basis.
5.碰巧票都卖光了。
the tickets were sold out.
6.我们有必要掌握一门外语。
a foreign language.
7.看电视是在浪费时间。
It is a waste of time .
8.我突然意识到他会要我原谅他。
Suddenly he might ask me to forgive him.
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面这封信，将画线句改为it作形式主语的句子。
Hi Nancy，
I’ve been staying in Singapore for several days and it has been raining heavily. 1.Travelling around Singapore took me a lot of time.2.Finding that there are four official languages spoken there was interesting. They are English， Mandarin Chinese， Malay and Tamil. 3.Several racial groups are said to live in Singapore. This is why Singapore has four official languages. These groups are the Chinese， Malays and Indians. 4.To hear different people speaking different languages all at the same time is fun.5.For me， to learn a foreign language is a challenging task. But this time I have picked up several languages. By the way I’ve brought something special from Singapore for you. 6.That I’ll see you next month is certain.I’ll give it to you then.
See you soon！
Jenny
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It was May 1945 when what would become one of America’s most popular home-cooking techniques first entered the English dictionary. In her cookbook， How to Cook and Eat in Chinese， 55-year-old Chinese immigrant Chao Yang Buwei described a process common in her homeland， where cooks would cut meat and vegetables into small bites and tumble （翻滚） them rapidly together over heat. “The Chinese term for the technique， chao， cannot be accurately translated into English，” Chao complained. For short， she decided， “We shall call it ‘stir-fry’.” The term soon made its way into the American language and has since taken on a life of its own.
Chao came to cooking unexpectedly. A doctor by profession， she gave up her medical career to move to the United States in 1921 after her husband， the famed linguist （语言学家） Chao Yuanren， was offered a job at Harvard. Bored at home and only able to speak a little English， she turned to cooking dishes that reminded her of China： soups with mushrooms and pork flavored with soy sauce.
She eventually agreed when a friend begged her to write a cookbook. Chao’s eldest daughter helped her translate recipes from Chinese to English， before her husband put the finishing touches on the language， often adding phrasing that even Chao recognized as awkward. This stylistic conflict resulted in a cookbook that Chao was “ashamed to have written”， as she declared in an author’s note.
The cookbook succeeded， going into multiple printings by the end of 1945， though critics largely overlooked the anger in Chao’s words. English-language Chinese cookbooks had been published as far back as 1911 in the United States， but Chao’s was the first that refused to westernize Chinese cooking. She may have given America a well-worn phrase， but she knew that some aspects of the immigrant experience resist translation. Chao’s contribution to American food culture should have been enough to make her into headlines， but the New York Times did not even honor her with an obituary （讣告） upon her death. How many other cooking pioneers like Chao， immigrants who didn’t silence their differences in order to gain broad approval， still await rediscovery？
1.What can we know about “chao”？
A.It is a cooking technique used only in America.
B.It quickly found a place in the American language.
C.It was accurately translated into “stir-fry” by Chao.
D.It means mixing together small pieces of materials.
2.What made Chao turn to traditional Chinese cooking？
A.Her interest in cooking.
B.Her profession as a doctor.
C.Inadaptability to life in America.
D.Encouragement from her husband.
3.What is special about Chao’s cookbook？
A.Consistency in writing style.
B.Refusal to westernize Chinese cooking.
C.Success in pleasing the American taste.
D.Reflection of Western culture.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A.Chao’s cookbook was largely overlooked by critics.
B.Chao followed the same trend as other cookbook writers.
C.Chao isn’t the only immigrant that deserves giving credit to.
D.Chao gained popularity for her unwillingness to silence her differences.
B
After several months of waiting， in November 2018， I received an offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager （PAM） in one of the MSF rehabilitation （康复） centres in Baghdad！ Leaving in January！ Wow！ A sudden mix of excitement and anxiety briefly took hold of me ...but I made my decision quickly — I would leave in January for Iraq.
Under the burning sun there， I went through one of the most challenging experiences， such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness， and adapting to my new professional duties， my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds： This young man had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child， leaving him with only one arm and one leg. For more than 10 years， he mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground， and thus developed incredible physical and mental strength. This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards a brighter future.
The MSF project also supports the national health care system， primarily through knowledge sharing. Unfortunately， the health care and education systems have been particularly hard hit by war. Today’s system is still marked by the past and corruption （腐败） — it struggles to recover and regain its former prestige （声望）. The project has given us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can receive rehabilitative care. As a PAM， my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services.
Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its neighbours， strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-day life. Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past. It also means hope. Hope that Iraq’s culture， which is rich， generous and ancient， will be recognized and make people forget about war. Everything we have done is rewarding.
5.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A.The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad.
B.How the author got the offer to work for MSF.
C.The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq.
D.How the author made his decision to become a PAM.
6.What can be learned about the young man mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A.He got wounded in a war.
B.He left the centre full of hope.
C.He left his farm for a brighter future.
D.He got help from the local government.
7.What does the author mainly do in the centre？
A.He fights against the corruption.
B.He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids.
C.He treats people suffering from mental illnesses.
D.He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care.
8.Which of the following can be used to describe the author？
A.Strict but caring.
B.Proud but patient.
C.Brave and honest.
D.Generous and positive.
C
Statistics show that in some areas of India， only about 30% of the women can read and write. Most girls have to leave school to help support the family. Women are not permitted to interact with male lawyers， be taught by male teachers or get treated in the clinic by male doctors.
An organization called Selfie with Daughter Foundation is leading the campaign to educate women in these areas. Its aim is to bring change by publicizing the success stories of some young women who made it to college and now serve as role models for other families. The young women go from house to house to share their own experiences to persuade parents to keep their daughters at school.
Rizwana Khan is training to be a nurse. As a teenager， she became terribly sick， but her treatment couldn’t be tackled. Medical centers in the area were of very poor quality and there were no female doctors. It made her decide to get her own education. She wants to bring medical aid to women in her area.
Anjum Islam is studying law. She wants to provide free legal aid for women. But her bigger goal is to change minds. “Men think that women are only meant to do housework and give birth to children，” Islam said. “We have to change this thinking. If we have equality under the law， how can society look down on women？”
The campaign is having success in influencing some women. Aslima Khan is 30 years old. All day long she works with the animals， finds firewood， cleans， cooks and washes dishes. She is determined to educate her three daughters. She wants to make sure they can escape her life story of hard， back-breaking work. “If I had studied， I would have been saved from this，” she said.
9.What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A.Indian women are not permitted to work as lawyers.
B.Women are in low social position in some areas in India.
C.Girls have no opportunity to receive education in India.
D.Indian families are too poor to send their children to school.
10.What does the underlined word “publicizing” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Bringing something to life.
B.Making something known.
C.Putting something to use.
D.Leaving something behind.
11.What do the stories of Rizwana and Anjum suggest？
A.Education can change women’s lives.
B.Women should compete against men.
C.It’s easy for women to succeed indeed.
D.Women should be freed from housework.
12.Why is Aslima Khan mentioned at the end of the text？
A.To show Indian women’s hard work.
B.To call for equal rights for Indian women.
C.To prove the positive effect of the campaign.
D.To stress the importance of educating a mother.
Ⅱ.完形填空
We like to spend our Christmas holidays somewhere warm abroad， and that year we chose Uganda. Nature， wildlife， and sunny days were a（n） 13 while it was so cold and dark in Europe. Life was pleasant， and we had a rental car and a 14 schedule ahead around the country， expecting that we could 15 as many places as possible during the holiday.
However， just within a few days， we had a car accident at a park. I lost 16 of the car， and it rolled over， 17 windows， the frame and the engine.
18 ， we were alive！ My right arm was severely 19 ， but we managed to reach a nearby American hospital in Masindi. However， we were asked to stay in town for a few more days owing to my 20 .
In the duration， we were amazed to find that Masindi is such a（n） 21 town that we can’t resist to 22 our paces. Hence the 23 of our stay were the market and our daily visit to the hospital. We looked for delicate goods， 24 with medical staff， hotel staff and the people in the market， and learned more about their customs.
Before our 25 ， we took a road trip south through the country to see something else. Then we focused on 26 its unique nature and people. What a journey for experience and 27 ！
13.A.setting B.pleasure
C.outcome D.challenge
14.A.tight B.prior
C.flexible D.loose
15.A.recall B.compare
C.recommend D.explore
16.A.control B.sight
C.track D.contact
17.A.ignoring B.destroying
C.checking D.repairing
18.A.Strangely B.Suddenly
C.Interestingly D.Fortunately
19.A.limited B.folded
C.injured D.conducted
20.A.ankle B.skin
C.wound D.delay
21.A.relaxing B.appealing
C.secure D.internal
22.A.adjust to B.go through
C.pick up D.slow down
23.A.highlights B.worries
C.proofs D.chances
24.A.lived B.shared
C.chatted D.fought
25.A.engagement B.exposure
C.action D.departure
26.A.suspecting B.appreciating
C.selecting D.protecting
27.A.suffering B.thought
C.sightseeing D.comfort
Ⅲ.语法填空
The trade routes are of great importance. In March， the Suez Canal， one of the world’s most important sea trade routes， 28 （block） by a ship， causing an epic maritime traffic jam of nearly 300 ships between Europe and Asia. Besides the Suez Canal， China’s ancient Silk Road also played 29 important role in trade and cultural exchanges between China and Europe.
In early history， the Silk Road was the most important trade route， 30 （mark） the beginning of globalization. As the first route 31 introduced the Eastern world to the Western civilization， the Silk Road in China can date 32 the Han Dynasty in ancient China. In the following years in history， many great figures had made significant 33 （contribute） to the development of the Silk Road.
Though the Silk Road was mainly a trading route， it was 34 （benefit） to each other in the first place. It 35 （actual） made great attraction to the development of the civilization of the world， opening long-distance political and economic communication between Europe and Asia. The ancient Silk Road is more like a historical textbook， enabling people from different cultures and regions 36 （comprehend） what happened during the ancient time. Up to now， the Silk Road in China 37 （bring） great attraction to the tourism in China even in the world.
28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36.
37.
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.harmonious 2.rewarding 3.as 4.realistic 5.in
6.with 7.it 8.what 9.（should） clean 10.is hoped
维度二
1.It is very kind of you to pave 2.It is uncertain whether 3.it is no use arguing 4.It is recommended that we （should） conduct 5.It happened that 6.It is necessary for us to master 7.watching TV 8.it occurred to me that
维度三
1.It took me a lot of time to travel around Singapore.
2.It was interesting to find that there are four official languages spoken there.
3.It is said that several racial groups live in Singapore.
4.It is fun to hear different people speaking different languages all at the same time.
5.It is a challenging task for me to learn a foreign language.
6.It is certain that I’ll see you next month.
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位55岁的中国移民）如何将“炒（stir-fry）”这种烹饪技术引入美国，并在其后的岁月里，这项技术如何在美国流行开来。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句可知，“炒”很快在美国语言中找到了一席之地。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，因为不适应美国的生活，Chao转向中国传统烹饪。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Chao的烹饪书特别的是拒绝西化中国烹饪。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，还有很多移民仍在等待被重新发现，所以Chao并不是唯一一个值得表扬的移民。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在伊拉克巴格达做无国界医生的经历和感受。
5.A 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要描述了作者在巴格达遇到的挑战，包括气候、新的职责、多文化碰撞等。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards a brighter future.可知，当那个年轻人走出康复中心时，心中充满骄傲和对美好未来的期待。
7.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services可知，作者在康复中心的主要职责是对更好的理疗培训进行援助，并与当地人员合作发展居民服务事业。
8.D 推理判断题。根据文中对作者报名参加无国界医生到伊拉克服务的描述可知，作者是一个心地宽厚的（generous）人；根据最后一段可知，住在巴格达就意味着要背负沉重的过去，也意味着希望，希望伊拉克丰富、慷慨、古老的文化得到认可，让人们忘记战争。作者认为所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出，作者是一个积极乐观的（positive）人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在印度的一些地区，妇女的社会地位很低，而一个名为“与女儿自拍基金会”的组织通过宣传一些年轻女性的成功故事来说服父母让他们的女儿继续上学。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在印度的一些地区，只有大约30%的妇女具有读写能力，女性在很多方面不能享受与男性一样的权利。由此可知，在印度的一些地区，妇女的社会地位很低。
10.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的The young women go from house to house to share their own experiences可知，这个名为“与女儿自拍基金会”的组织通过使一些进入大学并成为其他家庭榜样的年轻女性的成功故事为人所熟知来为当地的女性带来改变。由此推断，画线词的意思是“使某事为人所熟知”。
11.A 推理判断题。第三段讲述了Rizwana的故事，她想为她所在地区的妇女提供医疗援助，因此自己去接受教育；第四段讲述了Anjum的故事，她想为女性提供免费的法律援助，改变人们对女性的看法，所以她正在学法律。由此可推知，Rizwana和Anjum的故事说明了教育可以改变女性的生活。
12.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，这项运动正成功地影响着一些妇女。在本段最后Aslima Khan说到“如果我上过学的话，我就不会是这样了”。由此可推知，提到Aslima Khan是为了证明该运动的积极效果。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家喜欢在温暖的国外度过圣诞节，于是他们选择了去乌干达，结果在路上出了车祸，被迫留在了一个小镇，结果发现了这个小镇的美好。
13.B 根据空后while it was so cold and dark in Europe可知，作者一家不喜欢欧洲的寒冷和黑暗，因此去了温暖的国外，说明大自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种乐趣。setting环境；pleasure快乐；outcome结果；challenge挑战。
14.A 根据空后ahead around the country可知，行程安排得很紧。tight紧的；prior先前的；flexible灵活的；loose松散的。
15.D 根据空后as many places as possible during the holiday可知，作者他们想要探索尽可能多的地方。recall想起；compare比较；recommend推荐；explore探索。
16.A 根据下文it rolled over可知，车翻了，因为作者失去了对车的控制。control控制；sight视力；track踪迹；contact联系。
17.B 根据语境可知，作者他们出了车祸，窗户、车架和引擎都被毁了。ignore忽视；destroy毁坏；check检查；repair修理。
18.D 根据下文we were alive可知，幸运地是，虽然出了车祸，但他们还活着。strangely奇怪地；suddenly突然；interestingly有趣地；fortunately幸运地。
19.C 根据空后but we managed to reach a nearby American hospital可知，作者的右臂严重受伤。limit限制；fold折叠；injure受伤；conduct实施。
20.C 根据空前的we were asked to stay in town for a few more days owing to my可知，他们被要求在城里多待几天是因为作者的伤势。ankle脚踝；skin皮肤；wound伤口；delay推迟。
21.B 根据空前we were amazed to find可知，Masindi是一个有吸引力的小镇。relaxing令人放松的；appealing吸引人的；secure稳固的；internal内部的。
22.D 根据上文可知，他们本来日程很紧张，结果到了这里被吸引了，因此放慢了脚步。adjust to适应；go through通过；pick up捡起；slow down减速。
23.A 根据语境可知，逗留期间的最大亮点是市场和每天去医院。highlight亮点；worry担心；proof证据；chance机会。
24.C 根据空后with medical staff， hotel staff and the people in the market可知，此处指与医务人员、酒店工作人员和市场里的人聊天。chat with表示“闲聊”。live居住；share分享；chat聊天；fight战斗。
25.D 根据空后we took a road trip south through the country to see something else可知，他们最后向南驾车旅行，穿过这个国家去看别的东西，是在离开这个国家之前。engagement参与；exposure暴露；action行动；departure离开。
26.B 根据空后its unique nature and people可知，作者专注于欣赏它独特的自然和人民。suspect怀疑；appreciate欣赏；select选择；protect保护。
27.C 根据上文its unique nature可知，作者在当地看到了不一样的景色，是观光之旅。suffering苦难；thought想法；sightseeing观光；comfort安慰。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国丝绸之路的历史以及其在中欧贸易和文化交流中发挥的重要作用。
28.was blocked 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词，由In March可知，此处用过去时，而Suez Canal（名词单数）与谓语动词block之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was blocked。
29.an 考查冠词。play an important role in ...在……中起着重要作用。故填an。
30.marking 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语was且空前无连词，空处应用非谓语形式，动词mark与逻辑主语the Silk Road构成主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填marking。
31.that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词route，先行词被序数词the first修饰且在从句中作主语，指物。故填that。
32.from 考查介词。date from意为“追溯到……”。故填from。
33.contributions 考查名词复数。make contributions to为……作出贡献。形容词significant 作定语修饰名词。故填contributions。
34.beneficial 考查词形转换。be beneficial to有利于。故填beneficial。
35.actually 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词made。故填actually。
36.to comprehend 考查非谓语动词。enable sb to do sth使某人能够做某事。故填to comprehend。
37.has brought 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Up to now可知，本句时态为现在完成时。主语the Silk Road为第三人称单数形式，其后谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has brought。
7 / 7Section Ⅱ Using language
it作形式主语
1.But it is vital not to take any chances.
2.It is important to remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national boundaries.
3.It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton，Maisy and Alfonso， not to mention all the others I have worked with.
4.In a world still facing so many problems，it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
【我的发现】
以上句子中，it作 主语，真正的主语是后面的 。
当主语部分相对于谓语部分而言太长时，常把主语部分移到句尾，在主语的位置放上it。it没有具体的意义，仅用于使句子显得平稳，不头重脚轻。it作形式主语时常代替三种语法结构：动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing（短语）和从句。
一、it代替动词不定式（短语）作形式主语
it代替动词不定式（短语）作形式主语的常见句型：
（1）It＋be＋形容词＋（for/of sb） to do sth
（2）It＋be＋名词＋to do sth
（3）It＋be＋介词短语＋to do sth
（4）It takes sb some time to do sth
（5）It’s up to sb to do sth
It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.
外国人学习汉语不容易。
It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.
遵守法律是每个人的义务。
It is against my principle to do that.
那样做违背我的原则。
It took them a year to build the bridge.
建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。
It is up to us to help those in need.
帮助那些有困难的人是我们的责任。
名师点津
在“It＋be＋形容词＋for sb to do sth”与“It＋be＋形容词＋of sb to do sth”句式中，如果形容词描述的是人的品质、品格，介词用of；如果形容词描述动词不定式所表示的动作的特征，介词用 for。
【即时演练1】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①It is not up to you （tell） me how to do my job.
②It is not right （use） these places as rubbish dumps.
③It was nice of them （invite） us to dinner.
二、it 代替动词-ing（短语）作形式主语
it代替动词-ing（短语）作形式主语的情况远不及it代替动词不定式（短语）作形式主语那么普遍。常见句型如下：
It＋be＋no good/no use/useless/a waste of time/...＋动词-ing（短语）
It is no good/use having a car if you can’t drive.
如果你不会开车，有车也没用。
It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a person to join us.
试图说服这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。
It is no use talking to him about it.
和他谈论这事没有用。
【即时演练2】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①It’s no good （take） over the experience of foreign countries uncritically.
②It’s no use （cry） over spilt milk.
③It is worth （make） an appointment before you go.
三、it代替从句作形式主语
it所代替的从句可以用that引导，也可以用whether/if、连接代词或连接副词引导。常见句型如下：
（1）It is＋名词（如a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/good news/no wonder/a wonder/...）＋that ...
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match！
你错过了那场激动人心的足球比赛，真遗憾！
It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses.
令人惊讶的是他老是输还继续赌。
（It is）No wonder （that） you were late！
难怪你来晚了！
It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.
真可惜，这场雨把我们的野餐给搅了。
It is a fact that English is regarded as an international language.
英语被认为是国际语言，这是一个事实。
（2）It is＋形容词（如strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/wonderful/funny/possible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/certain/important/...）＋that ...
It is certain that he will win.
他一定会取胜。
It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.
很显然那个孩子受过虐待。
It is likely that he will ring me tonight.
他今晚可能会给我打电话。
（3）It seems/happened/turned out/suddenly struck me/occurred to me/...that ...
It happened that I wasn’t there that day.
恰好那天我不在那里。
It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem.
我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。
It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.
她能否来还很难说。
（4）It＋be＋过去分词（如said/expected/hoped/reported/announced/decided/known/believed/...）＋that ...
It is said that nothing has been done about it.
据说至今对此没采取任何措施。
名师点津
在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed/...that ...的主语从句中用“（should＋）动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
It is requested that he （should） give a performance at the party.
有人请求他在聚会上表演一个节目。
It is suggested that we （should） set off early next morning.
有人建议我们应该明天一早就出发。
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
①It is known he is one of the best teachers in our school.
② is strange that he should have left without telling us.
③It is suggested that we （get） everything ready by tonight.
harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；协调的；悦耳的
【教材原句】 Rather， it’s about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world， so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits. 相反，这是国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加和谐和相互理解的世界，使我们都能享受到互利。
【用法】
（1）build a harmonious society 构建和谐社会
（2）harmony n. 融洽，和谐
in harmony with 与……协调一致
out of harmony with 与……不协调一致
（3）harmoniously adv. 融洽地
【佳句】 If everyone can give a helping hand to others， the world will be more and more harmonious.
如果每个人都能向其他人伸出援助之手，那么世界将会越来越和谐。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying a （harmony） life.
②When children grow up， their ideas may sometimes be out of harmony their parents’ thoughts.
【写美】 补全句子
③我有一个梦想：人类可以与美丽的自然和谐相处。（演讲稿）
I have a dream that humans could the beautiful nature.
rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的
【教材原句】 It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures. 看到我们的工作如何帮助来自不同文化的人们走到一起，这是值得的。
【用法】
（1）reward n. 奖励；回报；报酬
v. 奖励；奖赏；给……以报酬
in reward for ... 为了酬谢/奖励……
as a reward for 作为对……的奖励/报酬，为了表彰……
（2）reward sb for （doing） sth 因为（做）某事报答某人
reward sb with ... 用……报答/回报某人
【佳句】 With grateful tears in his eyes， he insisted on rewarding us with a lot of money for our help.
眼含感激的泪水，他坚持用很多钱来酬谢我们的帮助。（情感描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We students must study harder reward for our teachers’ patient guidance.
② a reward for her help， I sent her some fresh fruit.
③It is necessary to reward children their good behavior.
【写美】 补全句子
④总之，这次旅行将是既放松又有益的，这对你来说一定是一个难忘的经历。（旅游）
In a word，the trip will be ， which is bound to be a memorable experience for you.
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
形式 动词不定式
即时演练1
①to tell ②to use ③to invite
即时演练2
①taking ②crying ③making
即时演练3
①that ②It ③（should） get
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①harmonious ②with ③live in harmony with
2.①in ②As ③for ④both relaxing and rewarding
3 / 4(共85张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
it作形式主语
1. But it is vital not to take any chances.
2. It is important to remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national
boundaries.
3. It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton，Maisy and Alfonso，
not to mention all the others I have worked with.
4. In a world still facing so many problems，it is absolutely essential for
us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future
of peace and prosperity.
【我的发现】
以上句子中，it作 主语，真正的主语是后面的
。
形式
动词不定
式
当主语部分相对于谓语部分而言太长时，常把主语部分移到句
尾，在主语的位置放上it。it没有具体的意义，仅用于使句子显得平
稳，不头重脚轻。it作形式主语时常代替三种语法结构：动词不定式
（短语）、动词-ing（短语）和从句。
一、it代替动词不定式（短语）作形式主语
it代替动词不定式（短语）作形式主语的常见句型：
（1）It＋be＋形容词＋（for/of sb） to do sth
（2）It＋be＋名词＋to do sth
（3）It＋be＋介词短语＋to do sth
（4）It takes sb some time to do sth
（5）It’s up to sb to do sth
It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.
外国人学习汉语不容易。
It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.
遵守法律是每个人的义务。
It is against my principle to do that.
那样做违背我的原则。
It took them a year to build the bridge.
建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。
It is up to us to help those in need.
帮助那些有困难的人是我们的责任。
名师点津
在“It＋be＋形容词＋for sb to do sth”与“It＋be＋形容词＋of sb to
do sth”句式中，如果形容词描述的是人的品质、品格，介词用of；如
果形容词描述动词不定式所表示的动作的特征，介词用 for。
It’s important for us to learn English well.
学好英语对我们来说很重要。
It was very considerate of her to come to see me when I was ill.
她在我生病时来看我，真的很体贴。
【即时演练1】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①It is not up to you （tell） me how to do my job.
②It is not right （use） these places as rubbish dumps.
③It was nice of them （invite） us to dinner.
to tell
to use
to invite
二、it 代替动词-ing（短语）作形式主语
it代替动词-ing（短语）作形式主语的情况远不及it代替动词不定式
（短语）作形式主语那么普遍。常见句型如下：
It＋be＋no good/no use/useless/a waste of time/...＋动词-ing（短语）
It is no good/use having a car if you can’t drive.
如果你不会开车，有车也没用。
It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a person to join us.
试图说服这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。
It is no use talking to him about it.
和他谈论这事没有用。
【即时演练2】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①It’s no good （take） over the experience of foreign
countries uncritically.
②It’s no use （cry） over spilt milk.
③It is worth （make） an appointment before you go.
taking
crying
making
三、it代替从句作形式主语
it所代替的从句可以用that引导，也可以用whether/if、连接代词或连
接副词引导。常见句型如下：
（1）It is＋名词（如a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/good news/no
wonder/a wonder/...）＋that ...
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match！
你错过了那场激动人心的足球比赛，真遗憾！
It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses.
令人惊讶的是他老是输还继续赌。
（It is）No wonder （that） you were late！
难怪你来晚了！
It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.
真可惜，这场雨把我们的野餐给搅了。
It is a fact that English is regarded as an international language.
英语被认为是国际语言，这是一个事实。
（2）It is＋形容词（如
strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/wonderful/funny/po
ssible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/certain/important/...
）＋that ...
It is certain that he will win.
他一定会取胜。
It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.
很显然那个孩子受过虐待。
It is likely that he will ring me tonight.
他今晚可能会给我打电话。
（3）It seems/happened/turned out/suddenly struck me/occurred to
me/...that ...
It happened that I wasn’t there that day.
恰好那天我不在那里。
It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem.
我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。
It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.
她能否来还很难说。
（4）It＋be＋过去分词（如
said/expected/hoped/reported/announced/decided/known/believed/..
.）＋that ...
It is said that nothing has been done about it.
据说至今对此没采取任何措施。
名师点津
在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed/...that ...的主语从
句中用“（should＋）动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
It is requested that he （should） give a performance at the party.
有人请求他在聚会上表演一个节目。
It is suggested that we （should） set off early next morning.
有人建议我们应该明天一早就出发。
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
①It is known he is one of the best teachers in our school.
② is strange that he should have left without telling us.
③It is suggested that we （get） everything ready by
tonight.
that
It
（should） get
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；协调的；悦耳的
【教材原句】 Rather， it’s about countries and people making a joint
effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding
world， so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
相反，这是国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加和谐和相互理解
的世界，使我们都能享受到互利。
【用法】
（1）build a harmonious society 构建和谐社会
（2）harmony n. 融洽，和谐
in harmony with 与……协调一致
out of harmony with 与……不协调一致
（3）harmoniously adv. 融洽地
【佳句】 If everyone can give a helping hand to others， the world will
be more and more harmonious.
如果每个人都能向其他人伸出援助之手，那么世界将会越来越和谐。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying
a （harmony） life.
②When children grow up， their ideas may sometimes be out of
harmony their parents’ thoughts.
harmonious
with
【写美】 补全句子
③我有一个梦想：人类可以与美丽的自然和谐相处。（演讲稿）
I have a dream that humans could the beautiful
nature.
live in harmony with
rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的
【教材原句】 It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring
people together from different cultures.
看到我们的工作如何帮助来自不同文化的人们走到一起，这是值
得的。
【用法】
（1）reward n. 奖励；回报；报酬
v. 奖励；奖赏；给……以报酬
in reward for ... 为了酬谢/奖励……
as a reward for 作为对……的奖励/报酬，为了表彰……
（2）reward sb for （doing） sth 因为（做）某事报答某人
reward sb with ... 用……报答/回报某人
【佳句】 With grateful tears in his eyes， he insisted on rewarding us
with a lot of money for our help.
眼含感激的泪水，他坚持用很多钱来酬谢我们的帮助。（情感描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We students must study harder reward for our teachers’ patient
guidance.
② a reward for her help， I sent her some fresh fruit.
③It is necessary to reward children their good behavior.
in
As
for
【写美】 补全句子
④总之，这次旅行将是既放松又有益的，这对你来说一定是一个难忘
的经历。（旅游）
In a word，the trip will be ， which is
bound to be a memorable experience for you.
both relaxing and rewarding
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
1. What impressed me most was the （harmony）
atmosphere at the racecourse.
2. It is joyful to receive encouragement，and giving others encouragement
is also very （reward）.
3. He has cast her an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie，which
will be released at the end of the year.
harmonious
rewarding
as
4. Goals have to be （realise） so that students can reach
them and feel a sense of achievement.
5. Children with single parents at our school are the minority.
6. More than a dozen retired Xinjiang aid workers watched the film
Kashgar Guli， which struck a chord two generations of
Xinjiang aid workers.
7. The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
8. It is still a mystery caused the infectious virus to spread
quickly in this ward.
realistic
in
with
it
what
9. It is necessary that we （clean） hands
frequently to prevent ourselves from getting sick.
10. It （hope） that the number of deer will greatly increase
very soon.
（should） clean
is hoped
维度二：语法与写作
1. 在这么简陋的村庄里，你能为我的学习创造条件真是太好了。
the way for my study in such a
humble village.
2. 这个项目能否在今年秋天完成还不确定。
the project will be completed this fall.
3. 事实上，和那个固执的人争论是没有用的。
As a matter of fact， with the stubborn man.
It is very kind of you to pave
It is uncertain whether
it is no use arguing
4. 有人建议我们定期进行身体检查。
physical
examination on a regular basis.
5. 碰巧票都卖光了。
the tickets were sold out.
6. 我们有必要掌握一门外语。
a foreign language.
7. 看电视是在浪费时间。
It is a waste of time .
8. 我突然意识到他会要我原谅他。
Suddenly he might ask me to forgive him.
It is recommended that we （should） conduct
It happened that
It is necessary for us to master
watching TV
it occurred to me that
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面这封信，将画线句改为it作形式主语的句子。
Hi Nancy，
I’ve been staying in Singapore for several days and it has been
raining heavily. 1.Travelling around Singapore took me a lot of
time.2.Finding that there are four official languages spoken there was
interesting. They are English， Mandarin Chinese， Malay and Tamil.
3.Several racial groups are said to live in Singapore. This is why
Singapore has four official languages. These groups are the Chinese，
Malays and Indians.
4.To hear different people speaking different languages all at the same
time is fun.5.For me， to learn a foreign language is a challenging task.
But this time I have picked up several languages. By the way I’ve
brought something special from Singapore for you. 6.That I’ll see you
next month is certain.I’ll give it to you then.
See you soon！
Jenny
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
It took me a lot of time to travel around Singapore.
It was interesting to find that there are four official languages spoken
there.
It is said that several racial groups live in Singapore.
It is fun to hear different people speaking different languages all at
the same time.
It is a challenging task for me to learn a foreign language.
It is certain that I’ll see you next month.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It was May 1945 when what would become one of America’s most
popular home-cooking techniques first entered the English dictionary. In
her cookbook， How to Cook and Eat in Chinese， 55-year-old Chinese
immigrant Chao Yang Buwei described a process common in her
homeland， where cooks would cut meat and vegetables into small bites
and tumble （翻滚） them rapidly together over heat. “The Chinese
term for the technique， chao， cannot be accurately translated into
English，” Chao complained. For short， she decided， “We shall call
it ‘stir-fry’.” The term soon made its way into the American language
and has since taken on a life of its own.
Chao came to cooking unexpectedly. A doctor by profession， she
gave up her medical career to move to the United States in 1921 after her
husband， the famed linguist （语言学家） Chao Yuanren， was offered
a job at Harvard. Bored at home and only able to speak a little English，
she turned to cooking dishes that reminded her of China： soups with
mushrooms and pork flavored with soy sauce.
She eventually agreed when a friend begged her to write a cookbook.
Chao’s eldest daughter helped her translate recipes from Chinese to
English， before her husband put the finishing touches on the language，
often adding phrasing that even Chao recognized as awkward. This
stylistic conflict resulted in a cookbook that Chao was “ashamed to have
written”， as she declared in an author’s note.
The cookbook succeeded， going into multiple printings by the end
of 1945， though critics largely overlooked the anger in Chao’s words.
English-language Chinese cookbooks had been published as far back as
1911 in the United States， but Chao’s was the first that refused to
westernize Chinese cooking. She may have given America a well-worn
phrase， but she knew that some aspects of the immigrant experience
resist translation. Chao’s contribution to American food culture should
have been enough to make her into headlines， but the New York Times did
not even honor her with an obituary （讣告） upon her death.
How many other cooking pioneers like Chao， immigrants who didn’t
silence their differences in order to gain broad approval， still await
rediscovery？
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位
55岁的中国移民）如何将“炒（stir-fry）”这种烹饪技术引入美国，
并在其后的岁月里，这项技术如何在美国流行开来。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位
55岁的中国移民）如何将“炒（stir-fry）”这种烹饪技术引入美国，
并在其后的岁月里，这项技术如何在美国流行开来。
1. What can we know about “chao”？
A. It is a cooking technique used only in America.
B. It quickly found a place in the American language.
C. It was accurately translated into “stir-fry” by Chao.
D. It means mixing together small pieces of materials.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句可知，“炒”很快在
美国语言中找到了一席之地。
2. What made Chao turn to traditional Chinese cooking？
A. Her interest in cooking.
B. Her profession as a doctor.
C. Inadaptability to life in America.
D. Encouragement from her husband.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，因为不适应美
国的生活，Chao转向中国传统烹饪。
3. What is special about Chao’s cookbook？
A. Consistency in writing style.
B. Refusal to westernize Chinese cooking.
C. Success in pleasing the American taste.
D. Reflection of Western culture.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Chao的烹饪书
特别的是拒绝西化中国烹饪。
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A. Chao’s cookbook was largely overlooked by critics.
B. Chao followed the same trend as other cookbook writers.
C. Chao isn’t the only immigrant that deserves giving credit to.
D. Chao gained popularity for her unwillingness to silence her
differences.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，还有很多
移民仍在等待被重新发现，所以Chao并不是唯一一个值得表扬的
移民。
B
After several months of waiting， in November 2018， I received an
offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager
（PAM） in one of the MSF rehabilitation （康复） centres in
Baghdad！ Leaving in January！ Wow！ A sudden mix of excitement and
anxiety briefly took hold of me ...but I made my decision quickly — I
would leave in January for Iraq.
Under the burning sun there， I went through one of the most
challenging experiences， such as adapting to a climate that sometimes
lacks softness， and adapting to my new professional duties， my
multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds： This young man
had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child，
leaving him with only one arm and one leg. For more than 10 years， he
mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground， and thus
developed incredible physical and mental strength. This young man came
out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards
a brighter future.
The MSF project also supports the national health care system，
primarily through knowledge sharing. Unfortunately， the health care and
education systems have been particularly hard hit by war. Today’s
system is still marked by the past and corruption （腐败） — it struggles
to recover and regain its former prestige （声望）. The project has given
us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can
receive rehabilitative care. As a PAM， my overall role is to support better
physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian
services.
Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its
neighbours， strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-
day life. Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past. It also means
hope. Hope that Iraq’s culture， which is rich， generous and ancient，
will be recognized and make people forget about war. Everything we have
done is rewarding.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在伊拉克巴格达做
无国界医生的经历和感受。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在伊拉克巴格达做
无国界医生的经历和感受。
5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A. The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad.
B. How the author got the offer to work for MSF.
C. The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq.
D. How the author made his decision to become a PAM.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要描述了作
者在巴格达遇到的挑战，包括气候、新的职责、多文化碰撞等。
6. What can be learned about the young man mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A. He got wounded in a war.
B. He left the centre full of hope.
C. He left his farm for a brighter future.
D. He got help from the local government.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的This young man came out
of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards a
brighter future.可知，当那个年轻人走出康复中心时，心中充满骄
傲和对美好未来的期待。
7. What does the author mainly do in the centre？
A. He fights against the corruption.
B. He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids.
C. He treats people suffering from mental illnesses.
D. He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的my overall role is to
support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to
develop civilian services可知，作者在康复中心的主要职责是对更好
的理疗培训进行援助，并与当地人员合作发展居民服务事业。
8. Which of the following can be used to describe the author？
A. Strict but caring.
B. Proud but patient.
C. Brave and honest.
D. Generous and positive.
解析： 推理判断题。根据文中对作者报名参加无国界医生到伊
拉克服务的描述可知，作者是一个心地宽厚的（generous）人；根
据最后一段可知，住在巴格达就意味着要背负沉重的过去，也意味
着希望，希望伊拉克丰富、慷慨、古老的文化得到认可，让人们忘
记战争。作者认为所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出，作者是
一个积极乐观的（positive）人。
C
Statistics show that in some areas of India， only about 30% of the
women can read and write. Most girls have to leave school to help support
the family. Women are not permitted to interact with male lawyers， be
taught by male teachers or get treated in the clinic by male doctors.
An organization called Selfie with Daughter Foundation is leading the
campaign to educate women in these areas. Its aim is to bring change by
publicizing the success stories of some young women who made it to
college and now serve as role models for other families. The young
women go from house to house to share their own experiences to persuade
parents to keep their daughters at school.
Rizwana Khan is training to be a nurse. As a teenager， she became
terribly sick， but her treatment couldn’t be tackled. Medical centers in
the area were of very poor quality and there were no female doctors. It
made her decide to get her own education. She wants to bring medical aid
to women in her area.
Anjum Islam is studying law. She wants to provide free legal aid for
women. But her bigger goal is to change minds. “Men think that women
are only meant to do housework and give birth to children，” Islam said.
“We have to change this thinking. If we have equality under the law，
how can society look down on women？”
The campaign is having success in influencing some women. Aslima
Khan is 30 years old. All day long she works with the animals， finds
firewood， cleans， cooks and washes dishes. She is determined to
educate her three daughters. She wants to make sure they can escape her
life story of hard， back-breaking work. “If I had studied， I would have
been saved from this，” she said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在印度的一些地区，妇女的社会地
位很低，而一个名为“与女儿自拍基金会”的组织通过宣传一些年
轻女性的成功故事来说服父母让他们的女儿继续上学。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在印度的一些地区，妇女的社会地
位很低，而一个名为“与女儿自拍基金会”的组织通过宣传一些年
轻女性的成功故事来说服父母让他们的女儿继续上学。
9. What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A. Indian women are not permitted to work as lawyers.
B. Women are in low social position in some areas in India.
C. Girls have no opportunity to receive education in India.
D. Indian families are too poor to send their children to school.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在印度的一些地
区，只有大约30%的妇女具有读写能力，女性在很多方面不能
享受与男性一样的权利。由此可知，在印度的一些地区，妇女
的社会地位很低。
10. What does the underlined word “publicizing” in Paragraph 2
mean？
A. Bringing something to life.
B. Making something known.
C. Putting something to use.
D. Leaving something behind.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的The young women go
from house to house to share their own experiences可知，这个名为
“与女儿自拍基金会”的组织通过使一些进入大学并成为其他家
庭榜样的年轻女性的成功故事为人所熟知来为当地的女性带来改
变。由此推断，画线词的意思是“使某事为人所熟知”。
11. What do the stories of Rizwana and Anjum suggest？
A. Education can change women’s lives.
B. Women should compete against men.
C. It’s easy for women to succeed indeed.
D. Women should be freed from housework.
解析： 推理判断题。第三段讲述了Rizwana的故事，她想为她
所在地区的妇女提供医疗援助，因此自己去接受教育；第四段讲
述了Anjum的故事，她想为女性提供免费的法律援助，改变人们
对女性的看法，所以她正在学法律。由此可推知，Rizwana和
Anjum的故事说明了教育可以改变女性的生活。
12. Why is Aslima Khan mentioned at the end of the text？
A. To show Indian women’s hard work.
B. To call for equal rights for Indian women.
C. To prove the positive effect of the campaign.
D. To stress the importance of educating a mother.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，这项运动正成
功地影响着一些妇女。在本段最后Aslima Khan说到“如果我上过
学的话，我就不会是这样了”。由此可推知，提到Aslima Khan是
为了证明该运动的积极效果。
Ⅱ.完形填空
We like to spend our Christmas holidays somewhere warm abroad，
and that year we chose Uganda. Nature， wildlife， and sunny days were
a（n） 13 while it was so cold and dark in Europe. Life was
pleasant， and we had a rental car and a 14 schedule ahead around the
country， expecting that we could 15 as many places as possible
during the holiday.
However， just within a few days， we had a car accident at a park.
I lost 16 of the car， and it rolled over， 17 windows， the
frame and the engine.
18 ， we were alive！ My right arm was severely 19 ， but
we managed to reach a nearby American hospital in Masindi. However，
we were asked to stay in town for a few more days owing to my 20 .
In the duration， we were amazed to find that Masindi is such a
（n） 21 town that we can’t resist to 22 our paces. Hence
the 23 of our stay were the market and our daily visit to the hospital.
We looked for delicate goods， 24 with medical staff， hotel staff
and the people in the market， and learned more about their customs.
Before our 25 ， we took a road trip south through the country to
see something else. Then we focused on 26 its unique nature and
people. What a journey for experience and 27 ！
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家喜欢在温暖的国外度过圣
诞节，于是他们选择了去乌干达，结果在路上出了车祸，被迫留在
了一个小镇，结果发现了这个小镇的美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家喜欢在温暖的国外度过圣
诞节，于是他们选择了去乌干达，结果在路上出了车祸，被迫留在
了一个小镇，结果发现了这个小镇的美好。
13. A. setting B. pleasure
C. outcome D. challenge
解析： 根据空后while it was so cold and dark in Europe可知，作
者一家不喜欢欧洲的寒冷和黑暗，因此去了温暖的国外，说明大
自然、野生动物和阳光明媚的日子是一种乐趣。setting环境；
pleasure快乐；outcome结果；challenge挑战。
14. A. tight B. prior C. flexible D. loose
解析： 根据空后ahead around the country可知，行程安排得很
紧。tight紧的；prior先前的；flexible灵活的；loose松散的。
15. A. recall B. compare
C. recommend D. explore
解析： 根据空后as many places as possible during the holiday可
知，作者他们想要探索尽可能多的地方。recall想起；compare比
较；recommend推荐；explore探索。
16. A. control B. sight
C. track D. contact
解析： 根据下文it rolled over可知，车翻了，因为作者失去了
对车的控制。control控制；sight视力；track踪迹；contact联系。
17. A. ignoring B. destroying
C. checking D. repairing
解析： 根据语境可知，作者他们出了车祸，窗户、车架和引
擎都被毁了。ignore忽视；destroy毁坏；check检查；repair修理。
18. A. Strangely B. Suddenly
C. Interestingly D. Fortunately
解析：D 根据下文we were alive可知，幸运地是，虽然出了车
祸，但他们还活着。strangely奇怪地；suddenly突然；interestingly
有趣地；fortunately幸运地。
19. A. limited B. folded
C. injured D. conducted
解析： 根据空后but we managed to reach a nearby American
hospital可知，作者的右臂严重受伤。limit限制；fold折叠；injure
受伤；conduct实施。
20. A. ankle B. skin C. wound D. delay
解析： 根据空前的we were asked to stay in town for a few more
days owing to my可知，他们被要求在城里多待几天是因为作者的
伤势。ankle脚踝；skin皮肤；wound伤口；delay推迟。
21. A. relaxing B. appealing
C. secure D. internal
解析： 根据空前we were amazed to find可知，Masindi是一个有
吸引力的小镇。relaxing令人放松的；appealing吸引人的；secure
稳固的；internal内部的。
22. A. adjust to B. go through
C. pick up D. slow down
解析： 根据上文可知，他们本来日程很紧张，结果到了这里
被吸引了，因此放慢了脚步。adjust to适应；go through通过；pick
up捡起；slow down减速。
23. A. highlights B. worries
C. proofs D. chances
解析： 根据语境可知，逗留期间的最大亮点是市场和每天去
医院。highlight亮点；worry担心；proof证据；chance机会。
24. A. lived B. shared
C. chatted D. fought
解析： 根据空后with medical staff， hotel staff and the people in
the market可知，此处指与医务人员、酒店工作人员和市场里的人
聊天。chat with表示“闲聊”。live居住；share分享；chat聊天；
fight战斗。
25. A. engagement B. exposure
C. action D. departure
解析： 根据空后we took a road trip south through the country to
see something else可知，他们最后向南驾车旅行，穿过这个国家去
看别的东西，是在离开这个国家之前。engagement参与；exposure
暴露；action行动；departure离开。
26. A. suspecting B. appreciating
C. selecting D. protecting
解析： 根据空后its unique nature and people可知，作者专注于
欣赏它独特的自然和人民。suspect怀疑；appreciate欣赏；select选
择；protect保护。
27. A. suffering B. thought
C. sightseeing D. comfort
解析： 根据上文its unique nature可知，作者在当地看到了不一
样的景色，是观光之旅。suffering苦难；thought想法；sightseeing
观光；comfort安慰。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The trade routes are of great importance. In March， the Suez
Canal， one of the world’s most important sea trade routes， 28
（block） by a ship， causing an epic maritime traffic jam of nearly 300
ships between Europe and Asia. Besides the Suez Canal， China’s
ancient Silk Road also played 29 important role in trade and cultural
exchanges between China and Europe.
In early history， the Silk Road was the most important trade
route， 30 （mark） the beginning of globalization. As the first
route 31 introduced the Eastern world to the Western civilization，
the Silk Road in China can date 32 the Han Dynasty in ancient China. In the following years in history， many great figures had made
significant 33 （contribute） to the development of the Silk Road.
Though the Silk Road was mainly a trading route， it was 34
（benefit） to each other in the first place. It 35 （actual） made
great attraction to the development of the civilization of the world，
opening long-distance political and economic communication between
Europe and Asia. The ancient Silk Road is more like a historical
textbook， enabling people from different cultures and regions 36
（comprehend） what happened during the ancient time. Up to now， the
Silk Road in China 37 （bring） great attraction to the tourism in
China even in the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国丝绸之路的历史以
及其在中欧贸易和文化交流中发挥的重要作用。
28. was blocked 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动
词，由In March可知，此处用过去时，而Suez Canal（名词单数）与谓
语动词block之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was
blocked。
29. an 考查冠词。play an important role in ...在……中起着重要作
用。故填an。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国丝绸之路的历史以
及其在中欧贸易和文化交流中发挥的重要作用。
30. marking 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语
was且空前无连词，空处应用非谓语形式，动词mark与逻辑主语the
Silk Road构成主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填marking。
31. that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词route，先
行词被序数词the first修饰且在从句中作主语，指物。故填that。
32. from 考查介词。date from意为“追溯到……”。故填from。
33. contributions 考查名词复数。make contributions to为……作出贡
献。形容词significant 作定语修饰名词。故填contributions。
34. beneficial 考查词形转换。be beneficial to有利于。故填
beneficial。
35. actually 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰
动词made。故填actually。
36. to comprehend 考查非谓语动词。enable sb to do sth使某人能够做
某事。故填to comprehend。
37. has brought 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Up to
now可知，本句时态为现在完成时。主语the Silk Road为第三人称单数
形式，其后谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has brought。
谢谢观看！
