Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
1.It would be safer for a （hike） to wear a pair of jeans or pants.
2.In other words， a few countries are benefiting hugely from the （consume） of fossil fuels.
3.An experienced teacher will be in charge of that class to bring the children control.
4.I can find out whether my （react） to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
5.Apart from the （month） salary， you’ll be given an additional 2，000 per year.
6.You had better think of some good ways to get rid the bad habits.
7.We can certainly cope these enemy forces， and even with larger ones.
8.She’s not very optimistic the outcome of the talks.
9. she comes to the party， she brings a friend with her.
10.No matter fast the rabbit ran， it couldn’t get rid of the big grey wolf.
维度二：语法与写作
1.一个人总能设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的日程安排得有多满。
One can always manage to do more things， full his schedule is in life.
2.不管谁来都会受到欢迎。
will be welcome.
3.一般认为孩子想要什么就给他们什么是不明智的。
It is generally considered unwise to give children .
4.不管你有多聪明，你都有可能无法充分利用你的记忆力。
， the chances are that you fail to make the most of your memory.
5.今天正在发生的任何变化都是巨大技术进步的结果。
today is the result of great technological progress.
6.无论你去哪里，无论你在 GDA做什么项目，你都会给贫穷而偏远的社区带来积极的变化。
in GDA， you’ll bring positive changes to a poor and remote community.
7.无论你什么时候来中国，都欢迎你来我家。
，you’re welcome to my home.
8.无论你选择去哪里旅行，你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。
， you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese culture.
9.每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。
Every year， will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
维度三：语法与语篇
根据语境及括号内的汉语提示，用本单元语法完成下面短文。
Hello， everyone. I’m Anna. It’s a great honour to stand here and share my story with you.
I developed a strong interest in dancing when I was three years old. But 1. （无论我多么喜欢跳舞），I couldn’t become a professional dancer because I lost one of my legs in a car accident when I was five. In the beginning， I was hopeless and 2. （无论谁尝试跟我说话）， I would get mad at him or her.
One day， my dancing teacher came to visit me. She said nothing but gave me a book written by Helen Keller. When I finished reading the book， I was inspired by Helen Keller’s story. I realised that I should keep my spirits up and 3. （无论我的生活多么困难）， I should never give up easily. From then on I was determined to learn literature in college. After graduation， I became a writer， and so far， I have written 16 novels.
What I want to say is that 4. （当你感到绝望的时候）， please remember that everything will be all right sooner or later.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In a breathtaking incident in Berlin， a young man narrowly escaped a life-threatening situation where he became trapped beneath a bus.
The 16-year-old found himself unable to move beneath a tyre （轮胎） of the bus when he fell down during an attempt to catch the departing vehicle at a local stop on a Monday afternoon. The quick response of the bus driver， who immediately stopped the vehicle， coupled with the assistance of roughly 40 people， including both passengers and bystanders， led to a remarkable achievement. Together， they managed to lift the right side of the bus sufficiently to free the young man.
Frank Kurze， one of the courageous volunteers who participated in the rescue， recalled the messy scene， stating， “I saw the men trying to lift the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and try to pull the young man from underneath.”
Nearby medical professionals from a health care center in the Spandau neighbourhood of Berlin instantly arrived at the scene to provide vital first aid. Michelle Rueckborn， one of the nurses on duty， shared their response， saying， “We were at work when we heard screams， and our co-worker looked out of the window and saw what had happened， and said ‘Grab the doctor’s kit and run.’”
Sandra Grunwald， another nurse present at the scene， added， “He was responsive but understandably confused， unsure of what was unfolding around him.” Despite the frightening circumstances， the young man unbelievably survived with only minor injuries， thanks to the collective efforts of around 40 individuals who came together to perform a heroic rescue.
The Berlin police department praised the collective efforts of those involved in the rescue as “heroes” and expressed their gratitude on social media， stating， “Thank you， Spandau. Thank you， Berlin.”
1.What was the accident at the bus stop？
A.A teenager got caught under a bus.
B.The tyre of a bus suddenly blew out.
C.A young passenger fell from his seat.
D.The driver found the bus uncontrollable.
2.What did Frank Kurze do at the rescue scene？
A.He recorded the whole event. B.He stepped forward bravely.
C.He turned to medical staff. D.He called more volunteers in.
3.Which of the following best describes the medical professionals？
A.Tolerant. B.Creative.
C.Patient. D.Decisive.
4.What message does the text try to convey？
A.One good turn deserves another. B.Kindness brings mental rewards.
C.Many hands make light work. D.Opportunity is for the prepared.
B
As the world’s resources become rarer because of continuing land development and the growing human population， the natural habitats of wild animals have continued to decrease.As a result， the survival of some species of wildlife is threatened.To help protect wildlife， a lot of practices should be carried out by environmentalist as well as the general public.
Create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their own natural habitats.Wildlife shelters should be developed， and habitats should be created in existing national parks.Efforts should also be made to protect existing habitats， such as providing food and water sources and limiting hunting.Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as zoos.Once the young animals grow up， they can be set free into the wild where they can continue to increase the population.
The general public may not realize that a species is endangered until it’s too late.Educational programs making use of TV advertising and instructional meetings at national parks can be used to make the public know the situation.
The general public can help protect the wildlife by not hunting wild animals for sport or for a source of food.They should also stop supporting those who earn money from the illegal hunting of wild animals， such as hunters who kill animals for the only purpose of harvesting their body parts and selling them for money.
The public should avoid keeping wild animals as pets.This will limit the number of animals being tracked， trapped， sold and removed from their natural habitats.
5.Which of the following is NOT the measure of protecting animal habitats？
A.Developing wildlife shelters.
B.Creating new habitats.
C.Setting young animals free into the wild.
D.Protecting the existing habitats.
6.What do the underlined words “the situation” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to？
A.The general public may not know species are endangered.
B.Many endangered species are facing the danger of extinction.
C.People can do much to protect the endangered species.
D.Human activities can affect the existence of species.
7.What can we learn from the passage？
A.Some people hunt animals and sell them as pets.
B.Hunters get little money from hunting animals.
C.The general public do nothing about protecting the wildlife now.
D.Animal population becomes larger in the zoo.
8.In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage？
A.Environment. B.Sports.
C.Technology. D.Education.
C
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station — a unique and crucial observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that are common elsewhere， Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
Therefore， growing numbers of scientists see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States， Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet — a concern they believe the whole world should share.
The Transantarctic Mountains， some of them more than 14，000 feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau （高原） covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. To the “west” of the mountains， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western part of the continent would be reduced to a few sparse （稀疏的） islands.
While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica. The valleys contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys once held enormous glaciers that extended 9，000 feet downward to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps due to the global warming trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blown away by strong winds that roar down from the polar plateau to the sea.
Despite the mysterious aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the environment. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may absorb pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.
9.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared？
A.The western part of the continent would disappear.
B.The western part of the continent would be reduced.
C.The western part of the continent would become a fragmentary island.
D.The western part of the continent would be reduced to a gathering of islands.
10.Why are the dry valleys left bare？
A.Because strong winds blow the snow away.
B.Because it rarely snows.
C.Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.
D.Because of ice sheets.
11.What can we know from the passage？
A.The “dry valleys” have nothing left inside.
B.The “dry valleys” never held glaciers.
C.The “dry valleys” may carry a message of hope.
D.The “dry valleys” are useless to scientists.
12.What is the best title for this passage？
A.Antarctica and Environmental Problems
B.Antarctica： A High Plateau
C.Antarctica： A Unique Observation Post
D.Antarctica： A Mysterious Place
Ⅱ.完形填空
One morning when an employee at a Costco store near Cleveland， Ohio， failed to show up for his scheduled shift at 5 am， 13 about their colleague， the manager， Jesse Orsborn， decided to reach out and make sure everything was okay.
In situations where someone might 14 for the early shift， they usually give them a friendly wake-up call， checking if they’re on their way. However， this 15 check-in took an unexpected turn. When the employee answered the call， his speech was 16 to understand， and the connection suddenly 17 .
They started 18 several times， and each time， it became more 19 that something was seriously wrong. There was mumbling and groaning （呻吟）， and they realised that it was evident that he was experiencing a medical 20 .
As events unfolded， it was revealed that the 21 was in the midst of a stroke （中风）.
Without wasting any time， the quick-thinking colleagues kept the man on the 22 while others dialed emergency services. Thanks to their timely actions， the man was quickly 23 to the hospital and， fortunately， later released. However， it was noted that he faces a 24 road to recovery.
The careful employees are being considered as 25 for their quick thinking and compassion， which ultimately saved the life of a fellow worker. They always 26 the strong sense of community within the Costco family. “We take care of our members. We take care of our employees. They mean the 27 to us.”
13.A.concerned B.scared
C.angry D.puzzled
14.A.overwork B.oversleep
C.overlook D.overview
15.A.routine B.unusual
C.sudden D.special
16.A.hard B.vital
C.eager D.simple
17.A.appeared B.flew
C.dropped D.came
18.A.running B.calling
C.crying D.asking
19.A.strange B.crazy
C.natural D.apparent
20.A.examination B.miracle
C.emergency D.accident
21.A.co-worker B.stranger
C.operator D.volunteer
22.A.bed B.floor
C.line D.ambulance
23.A.left B.admitted
C.removed D.transported
24.A.bright B.tough
C.short D.smooth
25.A.heroes B.neighbours
C.friends D.doctors
26.A.discussed B.announced
C.emphasized D.changed
27.A.fame B.award
C.luck D.world
Ⅲ.语法填空
Habitat loss， pesticides and climate change 28 （threaten） insect populations worldwide now.In 2019， Biological Conservation reported that 40% of all insects species are declining 29 （global） and that a third of them are endangered.
And 30 it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer roaches， environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in big trouble without insects.That’s because insects play critical 31 （role） in pollinating plants we eat， breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals — including humans — rely upon.
“It would be 32 extremely terrible place to live in — and certainly not something we should ever aim for，” Milman says of an insect-free existence.“You would certainly have mass starvation and societal unrest ...It’d be a place 33 there would be rotting feces everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be gone.”
Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in 34 （he） new book， The Insect Crisis： The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the World.He says that while it is impossible 35 （know） exactly what’s happening with every insect species in the world， the overall trends are not good： a UN assessment 36 （carry） out in 2019 found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction， some in the coming decades.“The world， our surroundings， would be far quieter and much 37 （boring） without insects，” he says.
28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36.
37.
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.hiker 2.consumption 3.under 4.reactions 5.monthly
6.of 7.with 8.about 9.Whenever 10.how
维度二
1.no matter how 2.Whoever comes 3.whatever they want
4.No matter how/however smart you are
5.Whatever change is happening
6.Wherever you go and whatever project you do
7.No matter when/Whenever you come to China
8.No matter where/Wherever you choose to travel
9.whoever makes the most beautiful kite
维度三
1.however/no matter how much I loved dancing
2.whoever/no matter who tried talking with me
3.however/no matter how difficult my life was
4.whenever/no matter when you feel hopeless
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了柏林路人和医护人员全力营救一名被困车底的十六岁少年的英勇事迹。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在公交车站，一个少年被困在公交车下面。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I saw the men trying to lift the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and try to pull the young man from underneath.可知，弗兰克·库尔兹在救援现场勇敢地上前帮忙。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的Grab the doctor’s kit and run.可推知，医护人员在救援时是果断的。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段内容和最后一段第一句可推知，文章想要传达的信息是“人多力量大”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于土地的持续开发和人口的增长，世界上的资源变得越来越稀缺，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减少，导致某些野生动物的生存受到威胁。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as zoos ...continue to increase the population.可知，小动物长大后才能被放归野外，因此C项不是保护动物栖息地的措施。
6.B 词义猜测题。本段第一句讲人们没有及早意识到某个物种濒临灭绝，第二句则提出可以让人们了解这一情况的相应举措。由此可推知，the situation指的是前一句提到的“许多濒危物种正面临灭绝的危险”这一情况。
7.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The public should avoid keeping wild animals as pets.可知，有人捕猎野生动物并将其当作宠物出售。
8.A 文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，由于土地的持续开发和人口的增长，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减少，导致某些野生动物的生存受到威胁。因此，环保主义者和公众应采取相应的行动来保护野生动物。因此，我们可能会在报纸的环境栏目中读到这篇文章。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南极洲在监测环境问题方面的价值和南极洲干谷给治理环境问题带来的新启示。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，如果西南极洲冰原消失，这个洲的西部会缩小为一些稀疏的岛屿群。
10.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，现在冰川消失了，也许是因为自冰河时代以来的10，000年中的全球变暖趋势。即使有雪落下来，也会被从极地高原咆哮而下刮向海洋的大风吹走。由此可以得出，干谷变得光秃的原因是全球变暖和狂风的作用。
11.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，尽管干谷有其神秘的方面，一些科学家认为它们可能为环境问题带来希望。
12.A 标题归纳题。文章前两段讲述了南极洲在监测环境方面发挥了重要的作用；第三段介绍了南极洲冰原消失所产生的影响；第四、五段论述了对南极洲干谷的调查研究，并且一些科学家认为在某些情况下干谷吸收污染物的速度会快于污染物进入的速度，所以这些干谷给治理环境问题带来了希望。由此可知，文章主要论述了南极洲和相关的环境问题，故A项（南极洲和环境问题）可作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。俄亥俄州克利夫兰附近的一家商店的一名员工未能在早上5点准时上班，经理杰西·奥斯本决定联系他，结果发现这名员工在家里中风了，由于员工们的及时行动，这名患病男子很快被送往医院。这些细心的员工因其敏捷的思维和同情心而被视为英雄，这最终挽救了同事的生命。
13.A 根据下文decided to reach out and make sure everything was okay可知，此处是指经理担心同事。concerned担忧的；scared害怕的；angry生气的；puzzled困惑的。
14.B 根据下文they usually give them a friendly wake-up call可知，此处是指有人可能因为早班睡过头了。overwork工作过度；oversleep睡过头；overlook忽视；overview概述。
15.A 根据语境可知，此处是指这一例行检查。routine例行的；unusual不寻常的；sudden突然的；special特别的。
16.A 根据上文took an unexpected turn可知，此处是指他讲话难以理解。hard艰难的；vital重要的；eager渴望的；simple简单的。
17.C 此处是指连接突然中断。appear出现；fly飞；drop停止；come来。
18.B 根据上文and the connection suddenly 17 可知，此处是指他们打了好几次电话。run跑；call打电话；cry哭喊；ask询问。
19.D 根据空后that something was seriously wrong可知，很明显事情出了严重的问题。strange奇怪的；crazy疯狂的；natural自然的；apparent明显的。
20.C 根据上文There was mumbling and groaning可知，此处是指他显然遇到了医疗紧急情况。examination考试；miracle奇迹；emergency紧急情况；accident事故。
21.A 根据上文 13 about their colleague可知，此处指这位同事中风了。co-worker同事；stranger陌生人；operator操作员；volunteer志愿者。
22.C 根据空后while others dialed emergency services可知，此处指让这名男子保持在线。bed床；floor地板；line线；ambulance救护车。
23.D 根据空后to the hospital可知，此处是指这名男子很快被送往医院。leave离开；admit录取；remove去除；transport运送。
24.B 根据However可知，此处是指他面临着一条艰难的康复之路。bright光明的；tough艰难的；short短的；smooth光滑的。
25.A 根据空后for their quick thinking and compassion， which ultimately saved the life of a fellow worker可知，这些细心的员工因其敏捷的思维和同情心而被视为英雄。hero英雄；neighbour邻居；friend朋友；doctor医生。
26.C 根据下文We take care of our members. We take care of our employees.可知，此处是指强调Costco大家庭中强烈的社区意识。discuss讨论；announce宣布；emphasize强调；change改变。
27.D 此处指他们是全部。fame名誉；award奖励；luck运气；world世界。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于栖息地减少、农药使用以及气候变化等原因，昆虫在全球范围内大幅度减少。
28.are threatening 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句时间状语为now，因此这里用现在进行时。又因主语是复数，故填are threatening。
29.globally 考查副词。这里应用副词修饰谓语动词作状语。
30.while/although/though 考查连词。前后两个分句之间存在转折关系，故填while/although/though引导让步状语从句。
31.roles 考查名词复数。这里role是可数名词，此处表达复数概念。
32.an 考查冠词。这里表示泛指，且extremely的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
33.where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，前面的place为先行词，在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
34.his 考查代词。设空处后面是名词词组new book，因此这里应用形容词性物主代词his。
35.to know 考查非谓语动词。本从句中前面的it为形式主语，这里应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
36.carried 考查非谓语动词。这里应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词assessment。
37.more boring 考查形容词的比较级。设空处前面的far quieter暗示这里应用形容词的比较级形式，故填more boring。
7 / 7Section Ⅱ Using language
“no matter＋疑问词”和“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
1.Wherever they go，animals find towns and cities in their way.
2.No matter how many crimes he committed， the police were powerless to arrest him.
3.However they adapt to our ways of urban living， it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
4.Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities， one thing is for sure — as it’s often a means of their survival， they could be with us to stay.
【我的发现】
上面句子中的黑体部分引导 从句，可分别与 ， ， ， 互换。
一、“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
“no matter＋疑问词（what/who/which/when/where/how 等）”意为“无论……”，常引导让步状语从句。
No matter which book you borrow， you must return it in a week.
无论你借哪本书，都必须在一周内归还。
No matter what happens， he would not mind.
无论发生什么，他都不会介意。
He carries a book in his bag， no matter where he goes.
他不管去哪里，包里都带着一本书。
No matter how I had tried to resist him， he still influenced me.
无论我怎么努力反抗他，他仍然影响着我。
名师点津
no matter 也可以与whether 连用，表示“不论是否”。
No matter whether it snows or not， I shall start on the journey.
不论是否下雪，我都将出发去旅行。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
①No matter well you can drive， you must drive carefully.
②No matter may happen， they’ve decided to leave this evening.
③No matter you may be， you have no right to do such a thing.
二、“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
在英语中，“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”，可与“no matter＋疑问词”相互替换。
Whenever （＝No matter when） you come back， don’t wake me up.
你不管什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。
Wherever （＝No matter where） he is， he makes it a rule to give his mother a call every day.
无论在哪儿，他都把每天给妈妈打电话当成一个惯例。
However （＝No matter how） carefully I explained， she still didn’t understand.
无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是不明白。
Whatever （＝No matter what） you’re looking for， colour is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
无论你在寻找什么，颜色是让房间有你想要的感觉的关键。
Whoever （＝No matter who） breaks the law， he should be punished.
无论谁犯法，他都应该受到惩罚。
We can go on Tuesday or Friday， whichever （＝no matter which） you prefer.
我们可以周二或周五去，无论你喜欢哪个时间。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
① great the difficulty may be， we will not lose heart because we know we are supported by you all.
② I’m unhappy， my friends always stand by me and cheer me up.
③ problem you have， turn to me.
三、“疑问词＋-ever”不可与“no matter＋疑问词”互换的情况
whatever， whoever和whichever除了引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句，此时不可与no matter what， no matter who和 no matter which互换。
Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library.
无论什么引起了他的兴趣，都可以在学校图书馆中找到。（Whatever引导主语从句）
Eat a cake you like and leave the other for whoever comes late.
吃一块你喜欢的蛋糕，将剩下的留给来晚的人。（whoever引导宾语从句）
You can take whichever seat you like.
无论你想坐哪个座位都可以。（whichever引导宾语从句）
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
①Send it to is in charge of sales.
②You may invite you like.
③Beggars will eat they are given.
optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的；抱乐观看法的
【教材原句】 Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man.
鲁滨孙·克鲁索是一个聪明乐观的人。
【用法】
（1）be optimistic about ... 对……乐观，对……持乐观的态度
（2）optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义
（3）optimist n. 乐观的人；乐天派
【佳句】 It was his optimistic attitude to life and hard work that finally led him to his successful career.
正是他乐观的生活态度和努力工作最终使他获得了事业上的成功。（人物介绍）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There was （optimistic） that an agreement could be reached.
②Somehow he remained an （optimistic） despite all that had happened to him.
【写美】 补全句子
③我钦佩海伦，因为她对生活很乐观。（人物介绍）
I admire Helen because .
bring ...under control 使……处于控制之下
【教材原句】 Firefighters bring blaze under control 消防队员控制住了火势
【用法】
take/lose control of 取得/失去对……的控制
have control over/of 能控制……
be under control 被控制住
be in control of 控制着，掌管着
be/get/run out of control 失去控制
【佳句】 Artists like to have some control over where their works are hung in a gallery.
艺术家们希望对自己的作品挂在美术馆的什么地方有些发言权。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It took firefighters two hours before the fire was control.
②Students are encouraged to take control their own learning， rather than just depending on their teachers.
【写美】 补全句子
③这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。
The children are completely since their father left.
react v.（作出）反应；起（化学）反应；回应
【教材原句】 How do people and organisations react to these crises？
人们和组织如何应对这些危机呢？
【用法】
（1）react to 对……作出反应，起反应
react with 与……发生化学反应
react against 反对；反抗
（2）reaction n. （对某一情形或事件的）反应
reaction to 对……反应/回应
a chemical reaction 化学反应
【佳句】 Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to them.
生活的10%是发生在你身上的事件，剩下的90%是你对这些事件的反应。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you react quickly emergencies.
②Many young people react traditional values and want to live freely.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong （react）.
【写美】 补全句子
④实验表明，铁会与空气和水发生反应。
The experiment shows that iron .
get rid of 摆脱，除去；丢弃；改掉；赶走（某人）
【教材原句】 Plus，it also includes a free poster illustrating new plans to get rid of the Ebola virus once and for all. 此外，它还包括一张免费海报，海报展示了彻底清除埃博拉病毒的新计划。
【用法】
（1）be rid of sb/sth 摆脱某人/某物
rid sb/sth of ... （使某人/某物）去除……
rid yourself of sb/sth 摆脱；从……中解脱
（2）get rid of old toys 扔掉旧玩具
get rid of the bad habit 改掉坏习惯
get rid of the terrible smell 除去难闻的气味
【佳句】 School uniforms are traditional in Britain， but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 校服在英国是传统的，但一些学校正开始废除它们。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed helps rid the world starvation.
②I’m very glad to be rid my bad cold in a few days.
【写美】 补全句子
③一个人可以通过以下方法保持健康：保持均衡的饮食、定期锻炼，以及改掉坏习惯。
One can keep fit by the following ways： keep a balanced diet， exercise regularly， and .
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
让步状语 no matter where however no matter how no matter what
即时演练1
①how ②what ③who
即时演练2
①However ②Whenever ③Whatever
即时演练3
①whoever ②whoever/whomever ③whatever
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①optimism ②optimist ③she is optimistic about life
2.①under ②of ③out of control
3.①to ②against ③reaction ④reacts with air and water
4.①of ②of ③get rid of bad habits
3 / 4(共88张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
“no matter＋疑问词”和“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
1. Wherever they go，animals find towns and cities in their way.
2. No matter how many crimes he committed， the police were
powerless to arrest him.
3. However they adapt to our ways of urban living， it’s important that
we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild
neighbours.
4. Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities， one
thing is for sure — as it’s often a means of their survival， they could
be with us to stay.
【我的发现】
上面句子中的蓝体部分引导 从句，可分别与
， ， ，
互换。
让步状语
no
matter where
however
no matter how
no matter
what
一、“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
“no matter＋疑问词（what/who/which/when/where/how 等）”意为
“无论……”，常引导让步状语从句。
No matter which book you borrow， you must return it in a week.
无论你借哪本书，都必须在一周内归还。
No matter what happens， he would not mind.
无论发生什么，他都不会介意。
He carries a book in his bag， no matter where he goes.
他不管去哪里，包里都带着一本书。
No matter how I had tried to resist him， he still influenced me.
无论我怎么努力反抗他，他仍然影响着我。
名师点津
no matter 也可以与whether 连用，表示“不论是否”。
No matter whether it snows or not， I shall start on the journey.
不论是否下雪，我都将出发去旅行。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空
①No matter well you can drive， you must drive carefully.
②No matter may happen， they’ve decided to leave this
evening.
③No matter you may be， you have no right to do such a thing.
how
what
who
二、“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
在英语中，“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句，意为“无
论……”，可与“no matter＋疑问词”相互替换。
Whenever （＝No matter when） you come back， don’t wake me
up.
你不管什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。
Wherever （＝No matter where） he is， he makes it a rule to give his
mother a call every day.
无论在哪儿，他都把每天给妈妈打电话当成一个惯例。
However （＝No matter how） carefully I explained， she still didn’t
understand.
无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是不明白。
Whatever （＝No matter what） you’re looking for， colour is the
key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
无论你在寻找什么，颜色是让房间有你想要的感觉的关键。
Whoever （＝No matter who） breaks the law， he should be punished.
无论谁犯法，他都应该受到惩罚。
We can go on Tuesday or Friday， whichever （＝no matter which）
you prefer.
我们可以周二或周五去，无论你喜欢哪个时间。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
① great the difficulty may be， we will not lose heart
because we know we are supported by you all.
② I’m unhappy， my friends always stand by me and
cheer me up.
③ problem you have， turn to me.
However
Whenever
Whatever
三、“疑问词＋-ever”不可与“no matter＋疑问词”互换的情况
whatever， whoever和whichever除了引导让步状语从句外，还可引
导名词性从句，此时不可与no matter what， no matter who和 no matter
which互换。
Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library.
无论什么引起了他的兴趣，都可以在学校图书馆中找到。（Whatever
引导主语从句）
Eat a cake you like and leave the other for whoever comes late.
吃一块你喜欢的蛋糕，将剩下的留给来晚的人。（whoever引导宾语
从句）
You can take whichever seat you like.
无论你想坐哪个座位都可以。（whichever引导宾语从句）
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
①Send it to is in charge of sales.
②You may invite you like.
③Beggars will eat they are given.
whoever
whoever/whomever
whatever
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的；抱乐观看法的
【教材原句】 Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man. 鲁滨
孙·克鲁索是一个聪明乐观的人。
【用法】
（1）be optimistic about ... 对……乐观，对……持乐观的态度
（2）optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义
（3）optimist n. 乐观的人；乐天派
【佳句】 It was his optimistic attitude to life and hard work that finally
led him to his successful career.正是他乐观的生活态度和努力工作最终
使他获得了事业上的成功。（人物介绍）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There was （optimistic） that an agreement could be
reached.
②Somehow he remained an （optimistic） despite all that
had happened to him.
optimism
optimist
【写美】 补全句子
③我钦佩海伦，因为她对生活很乐观。（人物介绍）
I admire Helen because .
she is optimistic about life
bring ...under control 使……处于控制之下
【教材原句】 Firefighters bring blaze under control 消防队员控制住
了火势
【用法】
take/lose control of 取得/失去对……的控制
have control over/of 能控制……
be under control 被控制住
be in control of 控制着，掌管着
be/get/run out of control 失去控制
【佳句】 Artists like to have some control over where their works are
hung in a gallery.
艺术家们希望对自己的作品挂在美术馆的什么地方有些发言权。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It took firefighters two hours before the fire was control.
②Students are encouraged to take control their own learning，
rather than just depending on their teachers.
under
of
【写美】 补全句子
③这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。
The children are completely since their father left.
out of control
react v.（作出）反应；起（化学）反应；回应
【教材原句】 How do people and organisations react to these crises？
人们和组织如何应对这些危机呢？
【用法】
（1）react to 对……作出反应，起反应
react with 与……发生化学反应
react against 反对；反抗
（2）reaction n. （对某一情形或事件的）反应
reaction to 对……反应/回应
a chemical reaction 化学反应
【佳句】 Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to
them.
生活的10%是发生在你身上的事件，剩下的90%是你对这些事件的
反应。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you react quickly
emergencies.
②Many young people react traditional values and want to live
freely.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a
strong （react）.
to
against
reaction
【写美】 补全句子
④实验表明，铁会与空气和水发生反应。
The experiment shows that iron .
reacts with air and water
get rid of 摆脱，除去；丢弃；改掉；赶走（某人）
【教材原句】 Plus，it also includes a free poster illustrating new plans
to get rid of the Ebola virus once and for all. 此外，它还包括一张免费
海报，海报展示了彻底清除埃博拉病毒的新计划。
【佳句】 School uniforms are traditional in Britain， but some schools
are starting to get rid of them.
校服在英国是传统的，但一些学校正开始废除它们。
【用法】
（1）be rid of sb/sth 摆脱某人/某物
rid sb/sth of ... （使某人/某物）去除……
rid yourself of sb/sth 摆脱；从……中解脱
（2）get rid of old toys 扔掉旧玩具
get rid of the bad habit 改掉坏习惯
get rid of the terrible smell 除去难闻的气味
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed helps rid the world
starvation.
②I’m very glad to be rid my bad cold in a few days.
of
of
【写美】 补全句子
③一个人可以通过以下方法保持健康：保持均衡的饮食、定期锻炼，
以及改掉坏习惯。
One can keep fit by the following ways： keep a balanced diet， exercise
regularly， and .
get rid of bad habits
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
1. It would be safer for a （hike） to wear a pair of jeans or
pants.
2. In other words， a few countries are benefiting hugely from
the （consume） of fossil fuels.
3. An experienced teacher will be in charge of that class to bring the
children control.
hiker
consumption
under
4. I can find out whether my （react） to an event are
reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
5. Apart from the （month） salary， you’ll be given an
additional 2，000 per year.
6. You had better think of some good ways to get rid the bad
habits.
7. We can certainly cope these enemy forces， and even with
larger ones.
8. She’s not very optimistic the outcome of the talks.
reactions
monthly
of
with
about
9. she comes to the party， she brings a friend with her.
10. No matter fast the rabbit ran， it couldn’t get rid of the big
grey wolf.
Whenever
how
维度二：语法与写作
1. 一个人总能设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的日程安排得有
多满。
One can always manage to do more things， full
his schedule is in life.
2. 不管谁来都会受到欢迎。
will be welcome.
3. 一般认为孩子想要什么就给他们什么是不明智的。
It is generally considered unwise to give children
.
no matter how
Whoever comes
whatever they
want
4. 不管你有多聪明，你都有可能无法充分利用你的记忆力。
， the chances are that you
fail to make the most of your memory.
5. 今天正在发生的任何变化都是巨大技术进步的结果。
today is the result of great
technological progress.
No matter how/However smart you are
Whatever change is happening
6. 无论你去哪里，无论你在 GDA做什么项目，你都会给贫穷而偏远
的社区带来积极的变化。
in GDA， you’ll
bring positive changes to a poor and remote community.
7. 无论你什么时候来中国，都欢迎你来我家。
，you’re welcome
to my home.
Wherever you go and whatever project you do
No matter when/Whenever you come to China
8. 无论你选择去哪里旅行，你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。
， you are bound
to experience the traditional Chinese culture.
9. 每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。
Every year， will win a
prize in the Kite Festival.
No matter where/Wherever you choose to travel
whoever makes the most beautiful kite
维度三：语法与语篇
根据语境及括号内的汉语提示，用本单元语法完成下面短文。
Hello， everyone. I’m Anna. It’s a great honour to stand here and
share my story with you.
I developed a strong interest in dancing when I was three years old.
But 1. （无论我多么
喜欢跳舞），I couldn’t become a professional dancer because I lost one
of my legs in a car accident when I was five. In the beginning， I was
hopeless and 2. （无论
谁尝试跟我说话）， I would get mad at him or her.
however/no matter how much I loved dancing
whoever/no matter who tried talking with me
One day， my dancing teacher came to visit me. She said nothing but
gave me a book written by Helen Keller. When I finished reading the
book， I was inspired by Helen Keller’s story. I realised that I should
keep my spirits up and 3.
（无论我的生活多么困难）， I should never give up easily. From then
on I was determined to learn literature in college. After graduation， I
became a writer， and so far， I have written 16 novels.
What I want to say is that 4.
（当你感到绝望的时候）， please remember that everything
will be all right sooner or later.
however/no matter how difficult my life was
whenever/no matter when you feel
hopeless
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In a breathtaking incident in Berlin， a young man narrowly escaped
a life-threatening situation where he became trapped beneath a bus.
The 16-year-old found himself unable to move beneath a tyre （轮
胎） of the bus when he fell down during an attempt to catch the departing vehicle at a local stop on a Monday afternoon. The quick response of the bus driver， who immediately stopped the vehicle， coupled with the assistance of roughly 40 people， including both passengers and bystanders， led to a remarkable achievement. Together， they managed to lift the right side of the bus sufficiently to free the young man.
Frank Kurze， one of the courageous volunteers who participated in
the rescue， recalled the messy scene， stating， “I saw the men trying
to lift the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus
and try to pull the young man from underneath.”
Nearby medical professionals from a health care center in the
Spandau neighbourhood of Berlin instantly arrived at the scene to provide
vital first aid. Michelle Rueckborn， one of the nurses on duty， shared
their response， saying， “We were at work when we heard screams，
and our co-worker looked out of the window and saw what had
happened， and said ‘Grab the doctor’s kit and run.’”
Sandra Grunwald， another nurse present at the scene， added，
“He was responsive but understandably confused， unsure of what was
unfolding around him.” Despite the frightening circumstances， the
young man unbelievably survived with only minor injuries， thanks to the
collective efforts of around 40 individuals who came together to perform a
heroic rescue.
The Berlin police department praised the collective efforts of those
involved in the rescue as “heroes” and expressed their gratitude on
social media， stating， “Thank you， Spandau. Thank you，
Berlin.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了柏林路人和医护人员全
力营救一名被困车底的十六岁少年的英勇事迹。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了柏林路人和医护人员全
力营救一名被困车底的十六岁少年的英勇事迹。
1. What was the accident at the bus stop？
A. A teenager got caught under a bus.
B. The tyre of a bus suddenly blew out.
C. A young passenger fell from his seat.
D. The driver found the bus uncontrollable.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在公交车站，一个
少年被困在公交车下面。
2. What did Frank Kurze do at the rescue scene？
A. He recorded the whole event.
B. He stepped forward bravely.
C. He turned to medical staff.
D. He called more volunteers in.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I saw the men trying to lift
the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and
try to pull the young man from underneath.可知，弗兰克·库尔兹在
救援现场勇敢地上前帮忙。
3. Which of the following best describes the medical professionals？
A. Tolerant. B. Creative.
C. Patient. D. Decisive.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中的Grab the doctor’s kit and
run.可推知，医护人员在救援时是果断的。
4. What message does the text try to convey？
A. One good turn deserves another.
B. Kindness brings mental rewards.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. Opportunity is for the prepared.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容和最后一段第一句可推
知，文章想要传达的信息是“人多力量大”。
B
As the world’s resources become rarer because of continuing land
development and the growing human population， the natural habitats of
wild animals have continued to decrease.As a result， the survival of
some species of wildlife is threatened.To help protect wildlife， a lot of
practices should be carried out by environmentalist as well as the general
public.
Create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their
own natural habitats.Wildlife shelters should be developed， and habitats
should be created in existing national parks.Efforts should also be made to
protect existing habitats， such as providing food and water sources and
limiting hunting.Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as
zoos.Once the young animals grow up， they can be set free into the wild
where they can continue to increase the population.
The general public may not realize that a species is endangered until
it’s too late.Educational programs making use of TV advertising and
instructional meetings at national parks can be used to make the public
know the situation.
The general public can help protect the wildlife by not hunting wild
animals for sport or for a source of food.They should also stop supporting
those who earn money from the illegal hunting of wild animals， such as
hunters who kill animals for the only purpose of harvesting their body parts
and selling them for money.
The public should avoid keeping wild animals as pets.This will limit
the number of animals being tracked， trapped， sold and removed from
their natural habitats.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于土地的持续开发和人口的增
长，世界上的资源变得越来越稀缺，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减
少，导致某些野生动物的生存受到威胁。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于土地的持续开发和人口的增
长，世界上的资源变得越来越稀缺，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减
少，导致某些野生动物的生存受到威胁。
5. Which of the following is NOT the measure of protecting animal
habitats？
A. Developing wildlife shelters.
B. Creating new habitats.
C. Setting young animals free into the wild.
D. Protecting the existing habitats.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as zoos ...continue to increase the population.可知，小动物长大后才能被放归野外，因此C项不是保护动物栖息地的措施。
6. What do the underlined words “the situation” in Paragraph 3
probably refer to？
A. The general public may not know species are endangered.
B. Many endangered species are facing the danger of extinction.
C. People can do much to protect the endangered species.
D. Human activities can affect the existence of species.
解析： 词义猜测题。本段第一句讲人们没有及早意识到某个物
种濒临灭绝，第二句则提出可以让人们了解这一情况的相应举措。
由此可推知，the situation指的是前一句提到的“许多濒危物种正面
临灭绝的危险”这一情况。
7. What can we learn from the passage？
A. Some people hunt animals and sell them as pets.
B. Hunters get little money from hunting animals.
C. The general public do nothing about protecting the wildlife now.
D. Animal population becomes larger in the zoo.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The public should avoid
keeping wild animals as pets.可知，有人捕猎野生动物并将其当作宠
物出售。
8. In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage？
A. Environment. B. Sports.
C. Technology. D. Education.
解析： 文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，由于土地的持续
开发和人口的增长，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减少，导致某
些野生动物的生存受到威胁。因此，环保主义者和公众应采取
相应的行动来保护野生动物。因此，我们可能会在报纸的环境
栏目中读到这篇文章。
C
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station — a unique
and crucial observation post for detecting important changes in the
world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the
complex geological and ecological systems that are common elsewhere，
Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper
and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
Therefore， growing numbers of scientists see Antarctica as a distant-
early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be
spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of
investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States，
Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects
that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet — a
concern they believe the whole world should share.
The Transantarctic Mountains， some of them more than 14，000
feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part
of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau （高
原） covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. To the “west” of
the mountains， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also
covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well
below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western
part of the continent would be reduced to a few sparse （稀疏的）
islands.
While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental
experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of
Antarctica. The valleys contain little ice or snow even in the depths of
winter. Through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys
once held enormous glaciers that extended 9，000 feet downward to the
Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps due to the global warming
trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls
in the dry valleys is blown away by strong winds that roar down from the
polar plateau to the sea.
Despite the mysterious aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists
believe they may carry a message of hope of the environment. Some
scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may absorb pollutants
faster than pollutants enter them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南极洲在监测环境问题
方面的价值和南极洲干谷给治理环境问题带来的新启示。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南极洲在监测环境问题
方面的价值和南极洲干谷给治理环境问题带来的新启示。
9. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared？
A. The western part of the continent would disappear.
B. The western part of the continent would be reduced.
C. The western part of the continent would become a fragmentary island.
D. The western part of the continent would be reduced to a gathering of
islands.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，如果西南极洲
冰原消失，这个洲的西部会缩小为一些稀疏的岛屿群。
10. Why are the dry valleys left bare？
A. Because strong winds blow the snow away.
B. Because it rarely snows.
C. Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.
D. Because of ice sheets.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，现在冰
川消失了，也许是因为自冰河时代以来的10，000年中的全球变暖
趋势。即使有雪落下来，也会被从极地高原咆哮而下刮向海洋的
大风吹走。由此可以得出，干谷变得光秃的原因是全球变暖和狂
风的作用。
11. What can we know from the passage？
A. The “dry valleys” have nothing left inside.
B. The “dry valleys” never held glaciers.
C. The “dry valleys” may carry a message of hope.
D. The “dry valleys” are useless to scientists.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，尽管干谷有
其神秘的方面，一些科学家认为它们可能为环境问题带来希望。
12. What is the best title for this passage？
A. Antarctica and Environmental Problems
B. Antarctica： A High Plateau
C. Antarctica： A Unique Observation Post
D. Antarctica： A Mysterious Place
解析： 标题归纳题。文章前两段讲述了南极洲在监测环境方
面发挥了重要的作用；第三段介绍了南极洲冰原消失所产生的影
响；第四、五段论述了对南极洲干谷的调查研究，并且一些科学
家认为在某些情况下干谷吸收污染物的速度会快于污染物进入的
速度，所以这些干谷给治理环境问题带来了希望。由此可知，文
章主要论述了南极洲和相关的环境问题，故A项（南极洲和环境
问题）可作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
One morning when an employee at a Costco store near Cleveland，
Ohio， failed to show up for his scheduled shift at 5 am， 13 about
their colleague， the manager， Jesse Orsborn， decided to reach out and
make sure everything was okay.
In situations where someone might 14 for the early shift， they
usually give them a friendly wake-up call， checking if they’re on their
way. However， this 15 check-in took an unexpected turn. When the
employee answered the call， his speech was 16 to understand， and
the connection suddenly 17 .
They started 18 several times， and each time， it became
more 19 that something was seriously wrong. There was mumbling
and groaning （呻吟）， and they realised that it was evident that he was
experiencing a medical 20 .
As events unfolded， it was revealed that the 21 was in the midst
of a stroke （中风）.
Without wasting any time， the quick-thinking colleagues kept the
man on the 22 while others dialed emergency services. Thanks to
their timely actions， the man was quickly 23 to the hospital and，
fortunately， later released. However， it was noted that he faces
a 24 road to recovery.
The careful employees are being considered as 25 for their quick
thinking and compassion， which ultimately saved the life of a fellow
worker. They always 26 the strong sense of community within the
Costco family. “We take care of our members. We take care of our
employees. They mean the 27 to us.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。俄亥俄州克利夫兰附近的一家商店
的一名员工未能在早上5点准时上班，经理杰西·奥斯本决定联系
他，结果发现这名员工在家里中风了，由于员工们的及时行动，这
名患病男子很快被送往医院。这些细心的员工因其敏捷的思维和同
情心而被视为英雄，这最终挽救了同事的生命。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。俄亥俄州克利夫兰附近的一家商店
的一名员工未能在早上5点准时上班，经理杰西·奥斯本决定联系
他，结果发现这名员工在家里中风了，由于员工们的及时行动，这
名患病男子很快被送往医院。这些细心的员工因其敏捷的思维和同
情心而被视为英雄，这最终挽救了同事的生命。
13. A. concerned B. scared
C. angry D. puzzled
解析： 根据下文decided to reach out and make sure everything
was okay可知，此处是指经理担心同事。concerned担忧的；scared
害怕的；angry生气的；puzzled困惑的。
14. A. overwork B. oversleep
C. overlook D. overview
解析： 根据下文they usually give them a friendly wake-up call可
知，此处是指有人可能因为早班睡过头了。overwork工作过度；
oversleep睡过头；overlook忽视；overview概述。
15. A. routine B. unusual
C. sudden D. special
解析： 根据语境可知，此处是指这一例行检查。routine例行
的；unusual不寻常的；sudden突然的；special特别的。
16. A. hard B. vital C. eager D. simple
解析： 根据上文took an unexpected turn可知，此处是指他
讲话难以理解。hard艰难的；vital重要的；eager渴望的；
simple简单的。
17. A. appeared B. flew
C. dropped D. came
解析： 此处是指连接突然中断。appear出现；fly飞；drop停
止；come来。
18. A. running B. calling
C. crying D. asking
解析： 根据上文and the connection suddenly 17 可
知，此处是指他们打了好几次电话。run跑；call打电话；cry
哭喊；ask询问。
19. A. strange B. crazy
C. natural D. apparent
解析： 根据空后that something was seriously wrong可知，很明
显事情出了严重的问题。strange奇怪的；crazy疯狂的；natural自
然的；apparent明显的。
20. A. examination B. miracle
C. emergency D. accident
解析： 根据上文There was mumbling and groaning可知，此处
是指他显然遇到了医疗紧急情况。examination考试；miracle奇
迹；emergency紧急情况；accident事故。
21. A. co-worker B. stranger
C. operator D. volunteer
解析： 根据上文 13 about their colleague可知，此处指这位
同事中风了。co-worker同事；stranger陌生人；operator操作员；
volunteer志愿者。
22. A. bed B. floor
C. line D. ambulance
解析： 根据空后while others dialed emergency services可知，此
处指让这名男子保持在线。bed床；floor地板；line线；ambulance
救护车。
23. A. left B. admitted
C. removed D. transported
解析： 根据空后to the hospital可知，此处是指这名男子很快被
送往医院。leave离开；admit录取；remove去除；transport运送。
24. A. bright B. tough
C. short D. smooth
解析： 根据However可知，此处是指他面临着一条艰难的康复
之路。bright光明的；tough艰难的；short短的；smooth光滑的。
25. A. heroes B. neighbours
C. friends D. doctors
解析： 根据空后for their quick thinking and compassion， which
ultimately saved the life of a fellow worker可知，这些细心的员工因
其敏捷的思维和同情心而被视为英雄。hero英雄；neighbour邻
居；friend朋友；doctor医生。
26. A. discussed B. announced
C. emphasized D. changed
解析： 根据下文We take care of our members. We take care of
our employees.可知，此处是指强调Costco大家庭中强烈的社区意
识。discuss讨论；announce宣布；emphasize强调；change改变。
27. A. fame B. award C. luck D. world
解析： 此处指他们是全部。fame名誉；award奖励；luck运
气；world世界。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Habitat loss， pesticides and climate change 28 （threaten）
insect populations worldwide now.In 2019， Biological Conservation
reported that 40% of all insects species are declining 29 （global）
and that a third of them are endangered.
And 30 it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer roaches，
environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in
big trouble without insects.That’s because insects play critical 31
（role） in pollinating plants we eat， breaking down waste in forest soil
and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals — including
humans — rely upon.
“It would be 32 extremely terrible place to live in — and
certainly not something we should ever aim for，” Milman says of an
insect-free existence.“You would certainly have mass starvation and
societal unrest ...It’d be a place 33 there would be rotting feces
everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be
gone.”
Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in 34 （he） new
book， The Insect Crisis： The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the
World.He says that while it is impossible 35 （know） exactly
what’s happening with every insect species in the world， the overall
trends are not good： a UN assessment 36 （carry） out in 2019
found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction，
some in the coming decades.“The world， our surroundings， would be
far quieter and much 37 （boring） without insects，” he says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于栖息地减少、农药使用以及气
候变化等原因，昆虫在全球范围内大幅度减少。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于栖息地减少、农药使用以及气
候变化等原因，昆虫在全球范围内大幅度减少。
28. are threatening 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句时间状语为
now，因此这里用现在进行时。又因主语是复数，故填are
threatening。
29. globally 考查副词。这里应用副词修饰谓语动词作状语。
30. while/although/though 考查连词。前后两个分句之间存在转折关
系，故填while/although/though引导让步状语从句。
31. roles 考查名词复数。这里role是可数名词，此处表达复数概念。
32. an 考查冠词。这里表示泛指，且extremely的发音以元音音素开
头，故填不定冠词an。
33. where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，前面的place为先
行词，在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
34. his 考查代词。设空处后面是名词词组new book，因此这里应用
形容词性物主代词his。
35. to know 考查非谓语动词。本从句中前面的it为形式主语，这里
应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
36. carried 考查非谓语动词。这里应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰
前面的名词assessment。
37. more boring 考查形容词的比较级。设空处前面的far quieter暗示
这里应用形容词的比较级形式，故填more boring。
谢谢观看！
