单元质量检测（五） Learning from nature
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where are the man’s gloves at the moment？（ ）
A.On the shelf. B.On the desk. C.In the cupboard.
2.When will the speakers have a meeting today？（ ）
A.At 12：00. B.At 14：00. C.At 19：00.
3.What are the speakers talking about？（ ）
A.A film. B.A novel. C.A writer.
4.What does the woman plan to do on Friday？（ ）
A.Work. B.Buy tickets. C.Attend a concert.
5.Why didn’t the woman read the e-mail from the man？（ ）
A.She lost the e-mail.
B.She wasn’t in the company.
C.She forgot to check her e-mail box.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the woman telling the man about？（ ）
A.The big storm. B.The sick kids. C.The electricity company.
7.What is the first thing the man is going to do？（ ）
A.To go back home. B.To buy some candles. C.To make a phone call.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Why does the man stop relying on music as a full-time job？（ ）
A.He doesn’t like a band member. B.He isn’t into music that much. C.The earnings aren’t stable.
9.At what occasion would the man be invited to play most probably？（ ）
A.A local festival. B.A funeral. C.A birthday party.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What does the man want to learn？（ ）
A.To repair cars. B.To drive a car. C.To sell cars.
11.Which courses will the man choose？（ ）
A.Weekend courses. B.Full-time summer courses. C.Full-time winter courses.
12.How many hours of training will the man get every day？（ ）
A.5. B.6. C.10.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What lesson did the man have for his first class？（ ）
A.French. B.Math. C.Science.
14.How does the woman find Mr Greenwood？（ ）
A.He’s strict. B.He’s patient. C.He’s smart.
15.What does the woman like doing after class？（ ）
A.Playing table tennis. B.Doing math homework. C.Learning French.
16.Who is the woman’s PE teacher？（ ）
A.Madam Martin. B.Mr Thomas. C.Miss McCloud.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.When will the tourists arrive at the hotel？（ ）
A.In the evening. B.In the afternoon. C.In the morning.
18.How far is the hotel from a famous place of interest？（ ）
A.About eight miles. B.About four miles. C.About two miles.
19.Which place will the tourists see last？（ ）
A.The Palace of Versailles. B.The Eiffel Tower. C.The Louvre.
20.What will the tourists do tomorrow evening？（ ）
A.Do some shopping B.Enjoy some local food. C.Have a “Paris by Night” tour.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Discover how you can help endangered species！ Volunteer to help conserve endangered species around the world with GoEco.
Sea Turtles， Sri Lanka
The species is threatened by human hunters.The Sri Lankan government has approved the creation of hatcheries （孵化场） in order to protect this species.Volunteers on this program spend 60% of their time working in the hatchery and the other 40% is spent on activities such as beach clean-ups and creating awareness within the local community.
Program Fees：$1，280 for 2 weeks and $1，680 per month for volunteers.
Wildlife Rescue， Western Australia
Adult kangaroos and wallabies are hunted for food， leaving thousands of babies without parents.Many are killed or injured in road accidents.At the wildlife rescue center in Perth， Western Australia， volunteers live and help in the bushland caring for sick， injured and displaced animals.
Program Fee：$2，095 for four weeks.Volunteers stay on-site in a small room.Due to very limited space， applications must be sent at least 9－12 months in advance.
Endangered Species Reserve， South Africa
The project will give you an incredible wildlife experience while learning about conservation efforts.For the remainder of the time between monitoring sessions， volunteers are required to enter all the data that they have collected into our databases.At times， volunteers need to operate on night shifts.We also give lectures and presentations over the lunch period.
Program Fee：$1，750 for 2 weeks.
Big Cat Refuge， South Africa
As a volunteer on this project， you will be involved in a wide variety of activities.Volunteer’s work ranges from enrichment activities， such as toy-making and farm work， to educating the visitors.Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living spaces.
Program Fee：$1，450 for 2 weeks.
21.What is the monthly project fee to volunteers in Sri Lanka？（ ）
A.$1，280. B.$1，680.
C.$2，560. D.$2，960.
22.What is required of volunteers for the project in Western Australia？（ ）
A.Having previous experience. B.Working night shifts sometimes.
C.Applying for the project in advance. D.Having a good knowledge of wildlife.
23.What will volunteers do for the project Big Cat Refuge？（ ）
A.Study the habits of big cats. B.Help to sell some toys about cats.
C.Guide visitors to the habitat of the cats. D.Do daily routines in the cats’ living spaces.
B
“Where I grew up， there were not a lot of plants outside，”said Yolanda Palmer.“Some people had them； some people didn’t.”
Palmer， who is from South-west Philadelphia， discovered her love for plants at the age of 10.Growing up， she developed great skills in growing plants and learned more about nature each and every day.
“As I got a little older， one block in my neighbourhood would be filled with flowers and things in the yard，”she said.“But in another block there would be none.”
Since then， Palmer had wanted to share her love of plants with the community.But the dream remained just a seed while she worked an ordinary day job.Sitting in the company she often thought she had to do something else.Palmer then planted the seed.She started small， selling at a local outdoor market in South-west Philadelphia and then coming to shows and festivals in Chestnut Hill.
By December 2021， she had her store on Germantown Avenue， “Foliage”.There， she sells common plants， rare plants， small plants， and large plants.“The goal is to sell them to homeowners to beautify their homes and also to clean the air，” she said.
Palmer’s home is in Chestnut Hill， a central gardening center in the city.She hopes her message will be able to reach other communities in the Philadelphia area.“Everyone should buy houseplants.Everyone should want cleaner air，”she said.“And that way， in the future when our children grow up， we can make it better.”
Palmer plans on continuing to work hard to support not only her store， but her boys， four dogs， one cat and 128 plants at home.
24.What did Palmer find when she was young？（ ）
A.Her neighbours disliked plants. B.People knew little about plants.
C.There were few kinds of plants. D.Plants were not seen everywhere.
25.What is Palmer doing now？（ ）
A.Managing a gardening center. B.Running her own plant store.
C.Beautifying her block with plants. D.Teaching communities about plants.
26.What does Palmer hope？（ ）
A.Everyone can protect the plants. B.More people will have houseplants.
C.Children can learn more about plants. D.She will have an outdoor market for plants.
27.What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A.From Hobby to Job： Palmer Has Made It B.From Class to Work： Palmer’s Happy Habit
C.From Village to City： Palmer Is on the Road D.From Seed to Flower： Palmer’s Future Dream
C
（2024·黑龙江大庆中学高二下月考）Inspired by how ants move through narrow spaces， scientists have built a robot that can pass through narrow passages， climb over steps and move on grass and loose rock.
“Insects are really a neat inspiration for designing robot systems that can perform various movement behaviors，” says Nick Gravish， a roboticist at the University of California， San Diego.Ants adapt their gesture to crawl through tiny spaces.And they aren’t disturbed by uneven earth or small obstacles.For example， their legs collapse a bit when they hit an object， and they continue to move forward quickly.
Gravish team’s robot is about 30 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters long with four wavy limbs （肢）.Each limb is made up of six nested tubes that can draw into each other.What’s more， the limbs don’t need to be actively powered or adjusted to change their overall length.Instead， springs play a crucial role because they allow the legs to become short when the robot passes through a narrow space and stretch back out in an open space.
The robot can modify the width and height of its body to achieve a larger range of body sizes than other similar robots.The leg parts contracts into themselves to let the robot crawl through small tunnels and stretches out when under low ceilings.This adaptability lets the robot get into spaces as small as 72 per cent its full width and 68 per cent its full height.Next， the researchers plan to actively control the firmness of the springs that connect the leg parts to tune the motion to earth type without consuming too much power.
The researchers think that such small-scale， minimal robots are easy to produce and can be quickly adjusted to explore complex environments.However， the researchers think that these robots are， for now， too breakable for search-and-rescue， exploration or biological monitoring.The new robot takes a step closer to those goals， but getting there will take more time.
28.What inspired Gravish’s team to design the robot？（ ）
A.Ants’ ability to do a variety of movements.
B.Ants’ ability to move on uneven earth freely.
C.Ants’ ability to remove different obstacles.
D.Ants’ ability to adapt their gestures in tiny spaces.
29.Which of the following determines the flexibility of the new robot？（ ）
A.The springs on its legs. B.The tubes on its body.
C.Its short and wavy legs. D.Its small power capacity.
30.What does the underlined word “modify” in Paragraph 4 mean？（ ）
A.Expose. B.Expand.
C.Challenge. D.Change.
31.What will the researchers probably do next？（ ）
A.Perfect the function of the robot. B.Find easier ways to produce the robot.
C.Look for inspiration from other insects. D.Test the robot in more complex environment.
D
（2024·重庆璧山来凤中学高二下月考）Underwater travel is difficult and dangerous， but many people have reasons to stay deep under the ocean.Soldiers in submarines travel long distances panies looking for oil and other resources stay underwater， too.Humans have come up with a few designs of vehicles to move around under the ocean.But what if there was a better way to travel？
Hilary Bart-Smith， an engineer at the University of Virginia， thinks a vehicle that travels like a manta ray would be able to operate for long periods at sea as if it were a living organism.Manta rays， a type of cartilaginous （软骨的） fish， can grow up to 29 feet long， which are found throughout the world in tropical， subtropical， and temperate waters.Manta rays are some of the most efficient swimmers in the ocean.Different from animals and people pushing against water in order to swim， the manta ray swims by moving through the water with wing-like movements of their fins （鳍）.Efficiency means using less energy to move farther and causing less pollution.
Bart-Smith and other engineers at the University of Virginia had to find out what manta rays looked like on the inside to better understand how they move.They took X-rays to find out how a manta ray’s fins are built.They found that a web of cartilage， which is the same kind of material that your ears and nose are made from， stretches across each fin.
Once the engineers knew how a manta ray’s fin was constructed， they could build one of their own.They made a long row of metal struts with many hinges to imitate the manta ray’s web of cartilage， acting like your finger， which can bend as one long line， or bend in many places to make a curve.The engineers put their design inside a flexible cover， shaped like a manta ray’s fin.Then they tested it in the university swimming pool.They were happy to see that it swam just like a manta ray in the ocean.
Engineers and scientists are still learning and experimenting with how to imitate these amazing animals.Perhaps someday engineers will be able to build manta ray robots that are big enough to transport people.For now， engineers study their movement and learn from the most efficient swimmers in the ocean.
32.Why does the author raise a question in the first paragraph？（ ）
A.To lead to the main topic. B.To ask for a correct answer.
C.To suggest exploring the sea. D.To summarize people’s views.
33.What can we learn about a manta ray？（ ）
A.It can grow at least 29 feet long. B.It swims with much less energy.
C.It can inhabit all kinds of waters. D.It swims by pushing against water.
34.What can we infer from the research？（ ）
A.The engineers failed to build a manta ray’s fin. B.Artificial “manta rays” remain to be improved.
C.The experiments were carried out in the ocean. D.Vehicles like manta rays have been put into use.
35.What is the author’s attitude towards the project？（ ）
A.Unclear. B.Doubtful.
C.Negative. D.Optimistic.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·广东中山华侨中学高二下月考）Looking for a way to connect with nature but you’re not sure how to when you live in the city？ Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure.
Go on a wildlife walk.
There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover， so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information.36.（ ）.A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’re surrounded by nature.
37.（ ）.
Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world， helping you to relax and feel calmer.
Attract nature yourself.
One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you.38.（ ）.You can also fill some tubs （盆） with flowers to attract butterflies.Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home.
Create a small garden.
Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden.If you’ve got a balcony， fill it with pots full of flowers.39.（ ）.Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family.
Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city.40.（ ）.
A.Have a walk in a park
B.Take off your shoes and walk barefoot
C.You can grow your own vegetables on it as well
D.You can put a bird feeder （喂食器） on your balcony or by your window
E.Meantime， this is the best method of improving your health
F.They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities
G.It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different viewpoint
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·浙江培优联盟高二下月考）None of my friends are going to the art camp.Despite my 41 for drawing， I decided not to go because I had a hard time jumping into something with no 42 faces around.
Sitting under the bright sun， I thought about the art camp and wished I felt a little braver.To distract myself， I started sketching a pine. 43 myself I was happy to skip the camp， I drew the pine’s strong trunk and 44 the graceful branches， making sure the upper ones 45 gently toward the sun.At this time， Mr Weston， my neighbour 46 ，“You’ve done a great job capturing the strength of that tree on paper.” He added， “Actually， you have to spread out the 47 near the surface so the tree can get enough water and grow tall.If you 48 the root ball too deep， the tree withers （凋零）.I learned that root grow out， not down from my experience of planting pine trees.” “That 49 ，” I said.I made adjustments to the root part and then added shading to the branches to give them depth.“You have a good 50 ，” Mr Weston said， and then nodded goodbye.
I thought about what Mr Weston told me as I 51 at the towering pine.I’d never realized how 52 a tree’s roots stretch outward.It made me think about art camp and my own roots.I wasn’t stretching them out at all. 53 ， I was planting myself into one deep spot because it felt safer.I 54 realized that if I wanted to grow， I had to start reaching out， too.That night， I took a deep breath and filled in the 55 for art camp.
41.A.anxiety B.enthusiasm C.recognition D.expectation
42.A.pleasant B.curious C.familiar D.regular
43.A.Informing B.Teaching C.Convincing D.Reminding
44.A.added B.counted C.submitted D.noticed
45.A.pressed B.pulled C.lifted D.arranged
46.A.came up B.came across C.checked in D.checked out
47.A.trunks B.leaves C.branches D.roots
48.A.press B.plant C.hide D.follow
49.A.makes sense B.makes out C.makes it D.makes up
50.A.eye B.nose C.mouth D.ear
51.A.glared B.stared C.aimed D.knocked
52.A.wide B.long C.high D.far
53.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Instead D.Besides
54.A.surprisingly B.slightly C.suddenly D.fortunately
55.A.statement B.presentation C.appointment D.application
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·江苏南京六校联合体高二下月考）In the mid-19th century， the world 56. （destroy） by cholera， a disease that killed thousands.In London， the epidemic （流行病） was particularly severe， with bodies piling up and fear running wild.In this chaos， a man named John Snow rose 57. （challenge） the invisible enemy.
John Snow， 58. medical doctor， had a keen interest in finding the source of cholera.He was not convinced by the then-common belief 59. cholera was spread through bad air.His suspicions were aroused 60. he noticed that most cases were concentrated around a single water pump in Soho.He investigated deeper， 61. （map） the pumps and associating them with cholera cases.
With detailed observation and courageous experimentation， John Snow identified the polluted water 62. the “criminal” behind the epidemic.He convinced authorities to remove the handle of the pump， 63. （effective） stopping the spread of cholera.His actions saved 64. （count） lives and marked a significant turning point in public health history.
John Snow’s lasting impact serves as a 65. （remind） of the strength of observation， logical reasoning， and decisive action in the face of challenges.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2024·河北张家口高二下月考）假定你是李华，本周六你和朋友打算去当地的一家动物收容所领养一只宠物。请你给喜欢宠物的留学生David写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同前往。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·江苏无锡运河实验学校高二下期中）
My Lucky Bamboo
My wife Hannah and I don’t usually keep houseplants.Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered.But after my diagnosis （诊断） with a brain cancer， I loved the idea of having something new and green around.
My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green container.We placed the plant in the living room window across from the sofa where I spent much of the day.
I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself.When it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or lose all its leaves， I was pleasantly surprised.
Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time when I sometimes felt useless.The cancer limited my ability to walk， and the treatment left me worn out， making it hard for me to accomplish everyday tasks.As a family physician， I was used to being the one who provided care， not the one who received it.
Since my diagnosis， it seemed that I had to rely on help from other people.The enormous change left me feeling unsettled.Watering the plant， as small an act as it was， connected me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver.
Over the next few months， I recovered from surgery and completed treatment afterwards.Even after I returned to work， I continued to care for the plant.Soon， it had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were shiny.Both the tree and I were thriving （茁壮成长）.
Then， surprisingly， it began to show signs of stress.I increased my watering.I fed it commercial plant food.No matter what I did， the leaves kept browning and dropping to the floor.
I grew more and more discouraged and uneasy.“I can’t even care for a simple plant！” I yelled.“I’m failing！”Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before.She asked me why I was getting so worked up about this particular one.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
“If my lucky bamboo dies，” I said， “I might die， too！”
As my anxiety decreased， I began to dig into online courses to help me figure out how to care for my ailing （状况不佳的） plant.
单元质量检测（五） Learning from nature
第一部分
1－5 ABBCA 6－10 ACCAB
11－15 AAABB 16－20 CACAC
听力材料：
（Text 1）
M：Have you seen my gloves anywhere？ I’ve checked the cupboard but they’re not there.Did I leave them on the desk？
W：Oh， yes. I remember.I moved them from there and put them on the shelf by the window.I needed to do some work on the desk.
（Text 2）
M：Jenny， that report has to be done by 19：00.
W：Oh， I thought I had to finish it until tomorrow noon.Won’t we have a meeting at that time？
M：It has been rescheduled at 14：00 today.
（Text 3）
M：Have you finished reading the story？
W：Yes.I don’t think it was as interesting as the film.The writer’s words made me feel extremely bored.
（Text 4）
W：I want to go to the concert on Friday. Would you love to go with me？
M：Sorry， I’m already scheduled to work.I’ll be free on Saturday.
W：But I already have tickets for Friday.
（Text 5）
M：Did you read the e-mail I sent you this morning？
W：No.We were having serious problems， and we lost all the messages that came in and went out of the company between 7 and 11.
（Text 6）
M：Hi， Rose.I just came back to my office.I went out just now.Anything new？
W：Dan， I’d like you to come home.The storm is really terrible.
M：What happened？
W：The storm blew down the power line：the electricity went off.The children are crying in the dark， and I don’t know what to do.
M：Oh， dear.I’ll call the electricity company in a minute.
W：Would you come back right now？
M：Well， I’m leaving the office in half an hour.
W：Remember to get some candles on your way back.
M：All right.
（Text 7）
M：Wendy， I was wondering if you could help me get a job？ I mean， since you’re resourceful ...
W：Why？ I thought music was your life career.Is that because of that guitar player Tony？ I remember you said you didn’t get along with him.
M：No， not like that. I love playing in my jazz band， but I can’t rely on it for a full-time salary.When the days are good， we get hired a lot to play at weddings， outdoor concerts and festivals.Then， once the cooler temperatures set in， we don’t get that many jobs at all.Sometimes I can barely make ends meet.
（Text 8）
W：Good afternoon.What can I do for you？
M：Yes， please. I would like to know something about the driving courses.
W：Well， we have short full-time courses during the summer.Are you interested in them？
M：No， I am free only at weekends.
W：Then there are weekend courses. The course starts at 8 every Saturday and Sunday morning.
M：Sounds fine. What about the coaches？
W：We have very excellent coaches here and some of them have been teaching for 20 years.
M：Good.How many hours of training shall I have each day？
W：3 hours in the morning and 2 in the afternoon.It ends at 18：00.
M：Then how many people share a training car？
W：Usually three.And we have two coaches for each car.
M：Very good.I will have more chances to get trained.Thank you.
W：You are welcome.
（Text 9）
W：Hi Jack！ How’s your first day back at school going？
M：Oh ... OK.The first class was French.It was awful.
W：Oh， yeah？ Who’s your teacher？
M：Madam Martin.
W：Oh， she’s so good， really！ I like her very much.
M：Well， she always tries to make us speak French， but unfortunately， I don’t understand her.
W：Yeah！ She’s strict but you can learn loads in her classes， Jack！ And who’s your math teacher？
M：Mr Thomas.He’s my favourite.
W：No wonder you are good at math.But I’ve got Mr Greenwood.He explains everything really well and he is really patient.
M：Yeah， Mr Greenwood is OK， but he gives so much homework！ I prefer Mr Thomas.
W：OK， well， Mr Greenwood is my favourite.That’s why I enjoy doing math homework after class.
M：OK， let’s agree to disagree.Who have you got for PE？
W：Miss McCloud.She’s a smart teacher， and she’s so nice.
M：Yeah， I agree with you there.
W：I can’t believe it ！ Finally you agree with me！
M：Whatever！ Let’s go to play basketball.
（Text 10）
W：Now let me tell you something about our trip.We’ll take a bus ride and then a boat to Paris.We will arrive at the hotel in the evening.The Ibis is a four-star hotel situated about two miles south of a famous place of interest.
Tomorrow， after breakfast， we will take you on a sightseeing tour of the city， during which you will see the Eiffel Tower， Champs Elysees， the Louvre — in fact almost every famous building you have ever heard of.We then leave Paris and take a short drive to the Palace of Versailles， the home of Louis .
Our tour ends in the mid-afternoon back in Paris where you will have the rest of the day to do some shopping， enjoy some local food or explore a bit on your own.In the evening there is a “Paris by Night” tour to show you some of Paris’s most beautiful buildings with bright lights.
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在世界不同地方的四项保护动物的志愿活动。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Sea Turtles， Sri Lanka部分中的Program Fees： $1，280 for 2 weeks and $1，680 per month for volunteers.可知，在斯里兰卡做志愿者每月的项目费用是1，680美元。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Wildlife Rescue， Western Australia部分中的Due to very limited space， applications must be sent at least 9－12 months in advance.可知，志愿者要想参与在西澳大利亚的项目需要提前申请。
23.D 细节理解题。根据Big Cat Refuge， South Africa部分中的Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living spaces.可知，该项目的志愿者要在猫科动物生活的地方做一些照顾它们的日常工作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Palmer从小热爱植物，长大后她开了植物销售店，期望更多人用植物美化家居，净化空气。
24.D 细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段内容可知，Palmer小时候发现植物不多见，不是处处都有。一些人养植物，一些人不养；她所在城区的一个街区有花卉植物，另一个街区则没有。
25.B 细节理解题。根据第五段前两句可知，Palmer开了植物销售店。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句和第六段第二句可知，Palmer希望更多人在家里摆放植物，以美化家居，净化空气。
27.A 标题归纳题。Palmer从小热爱植物，她发现有的街区有植物，有的街区则没有。她梦想与社区的人们分享她对植物的热爱，为此，她后来拥有了自己的植物销售店。她想告诉人们室内植物既美化家居又净化空气，希望更多人拥有室内植物。总之，从爱好到事业，Palmer实现了自己的梦想。因此A项为本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家从蚂蚁身上获取灵感，研发出了能像蚂蚁一样灵活调整四肢从而通过狭窄地方的机器人。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，格拉维什团队制作机器人的灵感来自蚂蚁在狭小空间调整姿势的能力。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Instead， springs play a crucial role because they allow the legs to become short when the robot passes through a narrow space and stretch back out in an open space.可知，如果机器人要像蚂蚁那样灵活地让四肢自动缩短或向外伸展，安装在四肢的弹簧将发挥重要作用。
30.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文to achieve a larger range of body sizes than other similar robots可知，画线词的意思是“改变”，该机器人可以改变身体的宽度和高度。
31.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员接下来可能会完善机器人的功能。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工程师们模仿魔鬼鱼的游泳方式来提高水下交通工具的效率。
32.A 推理判断题。根据第一段提出的问题以及第二段第一句可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了引出文章主题：工程师们模仿魔鬼鱼的游泳方式制造高效的交通工具。
33.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Manta rays are some of the most efficient swimmers in the ocean.和Efficiency means using less energy to move farther and causing less pollution.可知，魔鬼鱼游泳的效率高，需要的能量少。
34.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的Engineers and scientists are still learning and experimenting with how to imitate these amazing animals.可知，人造的魔鬼鱼鳍已经在大学的游泳池进行了测试，但工程师和科学家仍在学习和试验，仍需改进。
35.D 观点态度题。根据第五段中的Perhaps someday engineers will be able to build manta ray robots that are big enough to transport people.可知，作者对魔鬼鱼的研究持乐观的态度。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活在城市里亲近大自然，与大自然和谐相处降低压力的几条建议。
36.F 根据Go on a wildlife walk.可知，本段建议进行发现野生动物的散步，空前一句说明你可以从市公园部门获取一些有效信息，F项（他们通常提供一些指导性的漫步，帮你享受你所在城市的自然之美）承接上文，符合语境。F项中的They指代上文中的your city park departments。
37.B 根据下文Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.可知，本段建议在草地上不穿鞋子的行走。B项（脱下鞋，赤着脚走路）能够概括本段主旨，B项中的walk barefoot与下文walking without shoes相呼应。
38.D 空前一句说明接近自然的最好的方法之一是让自然来到你身边，空后一句建议了一种方式，用养花的盆来吸引蝴蝶，因此推断，空处应该也是选择一种方式来吸引某个事物。D项（你可以在阳台上或窗户上放一个喂鸟器）符合语境。
39.C 空前一句说明在阳台上种植一些盆花，结合下文的them可知，空处应该代表种植某种植物。C项（你也可以在它上面自己种蔬菜）符合语境，vegetables和空前的flowers相呼应。
40.E 空处是文章最后一句，根据空前一句可知，空处应为一句总结性的话，全文都在解释亲近自然的好处，所以应该首尾呼应，也应该填亲近自然的好处之类的选项。E项（同时，这是改善你的健康的最佳方法）符合语境。the best method指的是和自然和谐相处的方式，符合首尾呼应的原则。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为艺术营没有朋友而决定不去参加了，但是因为邻居讲解关于树根的知识意识到自己想要成长，就要延伸自己的“根”，于是填写了艺术营的申请表。
41.B 根据Despite和I decided not to go可知，作者尽管对绘画充满热情，但还是决定不去。anxiety焦虑；enthusiasm热情；recognition识别；expectation期待。
42.C 根据上文None of my friends are going to the art camp.可知，作者很难在周围没有熟悉面孔的情况下投入其中。pleasant令人愉快的；curious好奇的；familiar熟悉的；regular定期的。
43.C 根据下文I was happy to skip the camp可知，不去营地是作者自己的选择，即说服了自己。inform通知；teach教学；convince说服；remind提醒。
44.A 根据语境可知，作者画了松树粗壮的树干，又给松树加上了优美的树枝。add增加；count计算；submit提交；notice注意到。
45.C 根据gently toward the sun可知，要表现出树枝向着阳光，必须画得高一些。press按压；pull拉；lift举起；arrange安排。
46.A 邻居在和作者对话，说明邻居靠近了作者。come up靠近；come across偶遇；check in入住；check out结账离开。
47.D 根据下文the root ball too deep， the tree withers可知，邻居主要指导了根部的画法。trunk树干；leaf叶子；branch分枝；root根。
48.B 树根伸展到接近地表的地方，这样树才能得到足够的水，长得很高，即如果你把根球种得太深，树就会枯萎。press按压；plant种植；hide隐藏；follow跟随。
49.A 根据下文I made adjustments to the root part and then added shading to the branches to give them depth.可知，作者做了调整，说明作者认为邻居说的有道理。make sense有道理；make out理解；make it成功；make up组成。
50.A 根据语境可知，邻居夸奖作者眼光不错。eye眼光；nose鼻子；mouth嘴巴；ear耳朵。
51.B 根据上文I thought about what Mr Weston told me可知，作者凝视着自己的绘画，在反思邻居的话。glare怒视；stare凝视；aim旨在；knock敲击。
52.D 根据下文a tree’s roots stretch outward可知，树根可以延伸很远。wide宽的；long长的；high高的；far远的。
53.C 根据上文I wasn’t stretching them out at all.可知，作者没有延伸自己的根，相反把自己埋在一个很深的地方，因为这样感觉更安全。otherwise否则；therefore因此；instead相反；besides此外。
54.C 根据语境可知，作者因为这次经历突然意识到想要成长就必须向外走。surprisingly惊人地；slightly稍微；suddenly突然；fortunately幸运地。
55.D 根据上文可知，作者因为这次经历突然意识到想要成长就必须向外走，所以作者填写了艺术营的申请表。statement声明；presentation仪式；appointment约会；application申请表。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19世纪中叶，世界被霍乱摧毁，数千人死于霍乱。医生约翰·斯诺通过进行调查、观察和试验，最终确定受污染的水是流行病的源头，他的发现拯救了无数的生命。
56.was destroyed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，主语world与destroy构成被动关系，且In the mid-19th century为过去的时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was destroyed。
57.to challenge 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，rose为谓语，空处用非谓语动词表示目的，应用动词不定式形式。故填to challenge。
58.a 考查冠词。空处作John Snow的同位语，泛指“一位医生”，medical的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
59.that 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空后的内容是对抽象名词belief的具体解释说明，为同位语从句，从句结构意思均完整，故填that。
60.when/after 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词连接两个句子，表示怀疑在发现时产生，用when引导时间状语从句；或表示怀疑在发现之后产生，用after引导时间状语从句。故填when/after。
61.mapping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，investigated为谓语，空处缺少非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语He与map为主动关系，用动词-ing形式。故填mapping。
62.as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少介词，identify ...as ...认同……为……。故填as。
63.effectively 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词stop，用副词作状语。故填effectively。
64.countless 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰lives，用形容词作定语，表示“无数的”，故填countless。
65.reminder 考查词形转换。空处在a的后面，为名词单数作宾语，表示“提醒人的事物”，故填reminder。
第四部分
第一节
Dear David，
I am writing to invite you to accompany us on a visit to a local animal shelter on Saturday to consider adopting a pet.
The shelter， located near the city center， is open from 9 am to 5 pm.We plan to arrive around 10 am and spend the rest of the day exploring the facility and meeting the animals.
The staff will provide information about the adoption process and answer any questions.
If you are interested in joining us， please let me know as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
“If my lucky bamboo dies，” I said， “I might die， too！” Unable to shake off the feeling that the plant had become a symbol of my own shaky health， I cried tears when I was alone.Now that the tree was struggling， increasing fear seized me， which in turn helped me regain calmness.Sunk into thought， I realized I had wrongly connected my care of the plant — something over which I had at least some control — with my own survival — something over which I had no control.
As my anxiety decreased， I began to dig into online courses to help me figure out how to care for my ailing （状况不佳的） plant.Following the instructions， I transplanted the bamboo to a larger pot to give it room to grow.When it was back in the sunny window， we both began to thrive again.On seeing the tree in its new pot， I couldn’t help thinking of Mitch and the other people who have cared for and supported me.So blessed and grateful were I that nothing in this world could beat me， even the cancer.
1 / 6(共103张PPT)
单元质量检测（五） Learning from nature
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间
来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the man’s gloves at the moment？（ ）
A. On the shelf.
B. On the desk.
C. In the cupboard.
2. When will the speakers have a meeting today？（ ）
A. At 12：00. B. At 14：00. C. At 19：00.
3. What are the speakers talking about？（ ）
A. A film. B. A novel. C. A writer.
4. What does the woman plan to do on Friday？（ ）
A. Work.
B. Buy tickets.
C. Attend a concert.
5. Why didn’t the woman read the e-mail from the man？（ ）
A. She lost the e-mail.
B. She wasn’t in the company.
C. She forgot to check her e-mail box.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman telling the man about？（ ）
A. The big storm.
B. The sick kids.
C. The electricity company.
7. What is the first thing the man is going to do？（ ）
A. To go back home.
B. To buy some candles.
C. To make a phone call.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man stop relying on music as a full-time job？（ ）
A. He doesn’t like a band member.
B. He isn’t into music that much.
C. The earnings aren’t stable.
9. At what occasion would the man be invited to play most probably？
（ ）
A. A local festival.
B. A funeral.
C. A birthday party.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man want to learn？（ ）
A. To repair cars.
B. To drive a car.
C. To sell cars.
11. Which courses will the man choose？（ ）
A. Weekend courses.
B. Full-time summer courses.
C. Full-time winter courses.
12. How many hours of training will the man get every day？（ ）
A. 5. B. 6. C. 10.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What lesson did the man have for his first class？（ ）
A. French. B. Math. C. Science.
14. How does the woman find Mr Greenwood？（ ）
A. He’s strict.
B. He’s patient.
C. He’s smart.
15. What does the woman like doing after class？（ ）
A. Playing table tennis.
B. Doing math homework.
C. Learning French.
16. Who is the woman’s PE teacher？（ ）
A. Madam Martin.
B. Mr Thomas.
C. Miss McCloud.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the tourists arrive at the hotel？（ ）
A. In the evening.
B. In the afternoon.
C. In the morning.
18. How far is the hotel from a famous place of interest？（ ）
A. About eight miles.
B. About four miles.
C. About two miles.
19. Which place will the tourists see last？（ ）
A. The Palace of Versailles.
B. The Eiffel Tower.
C. The Louvre.
20. What will the tourists do tomorrow evening？（ ）
A. Do some shopping
B. Enjoy some local food.
C. Have a “Paris by Night” tour.
听力材料：
（Text 1）
M：Have you seen my gloves anywhere？ I’ve checked the
cupboard but they’re not there.Did I leave them on the desk？
W：Oh， yes. I remember.I moved them from there and put them on
the shelf by the window.I needed to do some work on the desk.
（Text 2）
M：Jenny， that report has to be done by 19：00.
W：Oh， I thought I had to finish it until tomorrow noon.Won’t we
have a meeting at that time？
M：It has been rescheduled at 14：00 today.
（Text 3）
M：Have you finished reading the story？
W：Yes.I don’t think it was as interesting as the film.The writer’s
words made me feel extremely bored.
（Text 4）
W：I want to go to the concert on Friday. Would you love to go with
me？
M：Sorry， I’m already scheduled to work.I’ll be free on
Saturday.
W：But I already have tickets for Friday.
（Text 5）
M：Did you read the e-mail I sent you this morning？
W：No.We were having serious problems， and we lost all the
messages that came in and went out of the company between 7 and
11.
（Text 6）
M：Hi， Rose.I just came back to my office.I went out just
now.Anything new？
W：Dan， I’d like you to come home.The storm is really terrible.
M：What happened？
W：The storm blew down the power line：the electricity went
off.The children are crying in the dark， and I don’t know what to
do.
M：Oh， dear.I’ll call the electricity company in a minute.
W：Would you come back right now？
M：Well， I’m leaving the office in half an hour.
W：Remember to get some candles on your way back.
M：All right.
（Text 7）
M：Wendy， I was wondering if you could help me get a job？ I
mean， since you’re resourceful ...
W：Why？ I thought music was your life career.Is that because of
that guitar player Tony？ I remember you said you didn’t get along
with him.
M：No， not like that. I love playing in my jazz band， but I can’t
rely on it for a full-time salary.When the days are good， we get hired
a lot to play at weddings， outdoor concerts and festivals.Then，
once the cooler temperatures set in， we don’t get that many jobs at
all.Sometimes I can barely make ends meet.
（Text 8）
W：Good afternoon.What can I do for you？
M：Yes， please. I would like to know something about the driving
courses.
W：Well， we have short full-time courses during the summer.Are
you interested in them？
M：No， I am free only at weekends.
W：Then there are weekend courses. The course starts at 8 every
Saturday and Sunday morning.
M：Sounds fine. What about the coaches？
W：We have very excellent coaches here and some of them have been
teaching for 20 years.
M：Good.How many hours of training shall I have each day？
W：3 hours in the morning and 2 in the afternoon.It ends at 18：00.
M：Then how many people share a training car？
W：Usually three.And we have two coaches for each car.
M：Very good.I will have more chances to get trained.Thank you.
W：You are welcome.
（Text 9）
W：Hi Jack！ How’s your first day back at school going？
M：Oh ... OK. The first class was French.It was awful.
W：Oh， yeah？ Who’s your teacher？
M：Madam Martin.
W：Oh， she’s so good， really！ I like her very much.
M：Well， she always tries to make us speak French， but
unfortunately， I don’t understand her.
W：Yeah！ She’s strict but you can learn loads in her classes，
Jack！ And who’s your math teacher？
M：Mr Thomas.He’s my favourite.
W：No wonder you are good at math.But I’ve got Mr
Greenwood.He explains everything really well and he is really
patient.
M：Yeah， Mr Greenwood is OK， but he gives so much
homework！ I prefer Mr Thomas.
W：OK， well， Mr Greenwood is my favourite.That’s why I
enjoy doing math homework after class.
M：OK， let’s agree to disagree.Who have you got for PE？
W：Miss McCloud.She’s a smart teacher， and she’s so nice.
M：Yeah， I agree with you there.
W：I can’t believe it ！ Finally you agree with me！
M：Whatever！ Let’s go to play basketball.
（Text 10）
W：Now let me tell you something about our trip.We’ll take a
bus ride and then a boat to Paris.We will arrive at the hotel in the
evening.The Ibis is a four-star hotel situated about two miles south of
a famous place of interest.
Tomorrow， after breakfast， we will take you on a sightseeing
tour of the city， during which you will see the Eiffel Tower，
Champs Elysees， the Louvre — in fact almost every famous building
you have ever heard of.We then leave Paris and take a short drive to
the Palace of Versailles， the home of Louis .
Our tour ends in the mid-afternoon back in Paris where you will
have the rest of the day to do some shopping， enjoy some local food
or explore a bit on your own.In the evening there is a “Paris by
Night” tour to show you some of Paris’s most beautiful buildings
with bright lights.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
Discover how you can help endangered species！ Volunteer to help
conserve endangered species around the world with GoEco.
Sea Turtles， Sri Lanka
The species is threatened by human hunters.The Sri Lankan
government has approved the creation of hatcheries （孵化场） in order
to protect this species.Volunteers on this program spend 60% of their time
working in the hatchery and the other 40% is spent on activities such as
beach clean-ups and creating awareness within the local community.
Program Fees：$1，280 for 2 weeks and $1，680 per month for
volunteers.
Wildlife Rescue， Western Australia
Adult kangaroos and wallabies are hunted for food， leaving
thousands of babies without parents.Many are killed or injured in road
accidents.At the wildlife rescue center in Perth， Western Australia，
volunteers live and help in the bushland caring for sick， injured and
displaced animals.
Program Fee：$2，095 for four weeks.Volunteers stay on-site in a
small room.Due to very limited space， applications must be sent at least
9－12 months in advance.
Endangered Species Reserve， South Africa
The project will give you an incredible wildlife experience while
learning about conservation efforts.For the remainder of the time between
monitoring sessions， volunteers are required to enter all the data that they
have collected into our databases.At times， volunteers need to operate on
night shifts.We also give lectures and presentations over the lunch period.
Program Fee：$1，750 for 2 weeks.
Big Cat Refuge， South Africa
As a volunteer on this project， you will be involved in a wide variety
of activities.Volunteer’s work ranges from enrichment activities， such
as toy-making and farm work， to educating the visitors.Volunteers will
also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as
maintaining their living spaces.
Program Fee：$1，450 for 2 weeks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在世界不同地方的
四项保护动物的志愿活动。
21. What is the monthly project fee to volunteers in Sri Lanka？（ ）
A. $1，280. B. $1，680.
C. $2，560. D. $2，960.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Sea Turtles， Sri Lanka部分中的
Program Fees： $1，280 for 2 weeks and $1，680 per month for
volunteers.可知，在斯里兰卡做志愿者每月的项目费用是1，680
美元。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在世界不同地方的
四项保护动物的志愿活动。
22. What is required of volunteers for the project in Western Australia？
（ ）
A. Having previous experience.
B. Working night shifts sometimes.
C. Applying for the project in advance.
D. Having a good knowledge of wildlife.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Wildlife Rescue， Western Australia
部分中的Due to very limited space， applications must be sent at
least 9－12 months in advance.可知，志愿者要想参与在西澳大利
亚的项目需要提前申请。
23. What will volunteers do for the project Big Cat Refuge？（ ）
A. Study the habits of big cats.
B. Help to sell some toys about cats.
C. Guide visitors to the habitat of the cats.
D. Do daily routines in the cats’ living spaces.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Big Cat Refuge， South Africa部分
中的Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or
feeding them as well as maintaining their living spaces.可知，该项目
的志愿者要在猫科动物生活的地方做一些照顾它们的日常工作。
B
“Where I grew up， there were not a lot of plants outside，”said
Yolanda Palmer.“Some people had them； some people didn’t.”
Palmer， who is from South-west Philadelphia， discovered her love
for plants at the age of 10.Growing up， she developed great skills in
growing plants and learned more about nature each and every day.
“As I got a little older， one block in my neighbourhood would be
filled with flowers and things in the yard，”she said.“But in another
block there would be none.”
Since then， Palmer had wanted to share her love of plants with the
community.But the dream remained just a seed while she worked an
ordinary day job.Sitting in the company she often thought she had to do
something else.Palmer then planted the seed.She started small， selling at
a local outdoor market in South-west Philadelphia and then coming to
shows and festivals in Chestnut Hill.
By December 2021， she had her store on Germantown Avenue，
“Foliage”.There， she sells common plants， rare plants， small
plants， and large plants.“The goal is to sell them to homeowners to
beautify their homes and also to clean the air，” she said.
Palmer’s home is in Chestnut Hill， a central gardening center in
the city.She hopes her message will be able to reach other communities in
the Philadelphia area.“Everyone should buy houseplants.Everyone
should want cleaner air，”she said.“And that way， in the future when
our children grow up， we can make it better.”
Palmer plans on continuing to work hard to support not only her
store， but her boys， four dogs， one cat and 128 plants at home.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Palmer从小热爱植物，长大后她开
了植物销售店，期望更多人用植物美化家居，净化空气。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Palmer从小热爱植物，长大后她开
了植物销售店，期望更多人用植物美化家居，净化空气。
24. What did Palmer find when she was young？（ ）
A. Her neighbours disliked plants.
B. People knew little about plants.
C. There were few kinds of plants.
D. Plants were not seen everywhere.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段内容可知，Palmer
小时候发现植物不多见，不是处处都有。一些人养植物，一些人
不养；她所在城区的一个街区有花卉植物，另一个街区则没有。
25. What is Palmer doing now？（ ）
A. Managing a gardening center.
B. Running her own plant store.
C. Beautifying her block with plants.
D. Teaching communities about plants.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段前两句可知，Palmer开了植物
销售店。
26. What does Palmer hope？（ ）
A. Everyone can protect the plants.
B. More people will have houseplants.
C. Children can learn more about plants.
D. She will have an outdoor market for plants.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句和第六段第二句
可知，Palmer希望更多人在家里摆放植物，以美化家居，净化
空气。
27. What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A. From Hobby to Job： Palmer Has Made It
B. From Class to Work： Palmer’s Happy Habit
C. From Village to City： Palmer Is on the Road
D. From Seed to Flower： Palmer’s Future Dream
解析： 标题归纳题。Palmer从小热爱植物，她发现有的街区
有植物，有的街区则没有。她梦想与社区的人们分享她对植物的
热爱，为此，她后来拥有了自己的植物销售店。她想告诉人们室
内植物既美化家居又净化空气，希望更多人拥有室内植物。总
之，从爱好到事业，Palmer实现了自己的梦想。因此A项为本文
最佳标题。
C
（2024·黑龙江大庆中学高二下月考）Inspired by how ants move
through narrow spaces， scientists have built a robot that can pass through
narrow passages， climb over steps and move on grass and loose rock.
“Insects are really a neat inspiration for designing robot systems that
can perform various movement behaviors，” says Nick Gravish， a
roboticist at the University of California， San Diego.Ants adapt their
gesture to crawl through tiny spaces.And they aren’t disturbed by uneven
earth or small obstacles.For example， their legs collapse a bit when they
hit an object， and they continue to move forward quickly.
Gravish team’s robot is about 30 centimeters wide and 20
centimeters long with four wavy limbs （肢）.Each limb is made up of
six nested tubes that can draw into each other.What’s more， the limbs
don’t need to be actively powered or adjusted to change their overall
length.Instead， springs play a crucial role because they allow the legs to
become short when the robot passes through a narrow space and stretch
back out in an open space.
The robot can modify the width and height of its body to achieve a
larger range of body sizes than other similar robots.The leg parts contracts
into themselves to let the robot crawl through small tunnels and stretches
out when under low ceilings.This adaptability lets the robot get into spaces
as small as 72 per cent its full width and 68 per cent its full height.Next，
the researchers plan to actively control the firmness of the springs that
connect the leg parts to tune the motion to earth type without consuming
too much power.
The researchers think that such small-scale， minimal robots are easy
to produce and can be quickly adjusted to explore complex
environments.However， the researchers think that these robots are， for
now， too breakable for search-and-rescue， exploration or biological
monitoring.The new robot takes a step closer to those goals， but getting
there will take more time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家从蚂蚁身上
获取灵感，研发出了能像蚂蚁一样灵活调整四肢从而通过狭窄地方
的机器人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家从蚂蚁身上
获取灵感，研发出了能像蚂蚁一样灵活调整四肢从而通过狭窄地方
的机器人。
28. What inspired Gravish’s team to design the robot？（ ）
A. Ants’ ability to do a variety of movements.
B. Ants’ ability to move on uneven earth freely.
C. Ants’ ability to remove different obstacles.
D. Ants’ ability to adapt their gestures in tiny spaces.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，格拉维什团
队制作机器人的灵感来自蚂蚁在狭小空间调整姿势的能力。
29. Which of the following determines the flexibility of the new robot？
（ ）
A. The springs on its legs.
B. The tubes on its body.
C. Its short and wavy legs.
D. Its small power capacity.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Instead， springs play a
crucial role because they allow the legs to become short when the
robot passes through a narrow space and stretch back out in an open
space.可知，如果机器人要像蚂蚁那样灵活地让四肢自动缩短或
向外伸展，安装在四肢的弹簧将发挥重要作用。
30. What does the underlined word “modify” in Paragraph 4 mean？
（ ）
A. Expose. B. Expand.
C. Challenge. D. Change.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文to achieve a larger range
of body sizes than other similar robots可知，画线词的意思是“改
变”，该机器人可以改变身体的宽度和高度。
31. What will the researchers probably do next？（ ）
A. Perfect the function of the robot.
B. Find easier ways to produce the robot.
C. Look for inspiration from other insects.
D. Test the robot in more complex environment.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员
接下来可能会完善机器人的功能。
D
（2024·重庆璧山来凤中学高二下月考）Underwater travel is
difficult and dangerous， but many people have reasons to stay deep under
the ocean.Soldiers in submarines travel long distances
panies looking for oil and other resources stay
underwater， too.Humans have come up with a few designs of vehicles to
move around under the ocean.But what if there was a better way to
travel？
Hilary Bart-Smith， an engineer at the University of Virginia，
thinks a vehicle that travels like a manta ray would be able to operate for
long periods at sea as if it were a living organism.Manta rays， a type of
cartilaginous （软骨的） fish， can grow up to 29 feet long， which are
found throughout the world in tropical， subtropical， and temperate
waters.Manta rays are some of the most efficient swimmers in the
ocean.Different from animals and people pushing against water in order to
swim， the manta ray swims by moving through the water with wing-like
movements of their fins （鳍）.Efficiency means using less energy to
move farther and causing less pollution.
Bart-Smith and other engineers at the University of Virginia had to
find out what manta rays looked like on the inside to better understand how
they move.They took X-rays to find out how a manta ray’s fins are
built.They found that a web of cartilage， which is the same kind of
material that your ears and nose are made from， stretches across each
fin.
Once the engineers knew how a manta ray’s fin was constructed，
they could build one of their own.They made a long row of metal struts
with many hinges to imitate the manta ray’s web of cartilage， acting
like your finger， which can bend as one long line， or bend in many
places to make a curve.The engineers put their design inside a flexible
cover， shaped like a manta ray’s fin.Then they tested it in the
university swimming pool.They were happy to see that it swam just like a
manta ray in the ocean.
Engineers and scientists are still learning and experimenting with how
to imitate these amazing animals.Perhaps someday engineers will be able
to build manta ray robots that are big enough to transport people.For
now， engineers study their movement and learn from the most efficient
swimmers in the ocean.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工程师们模仿魔鬼
鱼的游泳方式来提高水下交通工具的效率。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工程师们模仿魔鬼
鱼的游泳方式来提高水下交通工具的效率。
32. Why does the author raise a question in the first paragraph？（ ）
A. To lead to the main topic.
B. To ask for a correct answer.
C. To suggest exploring the sea.
D. To summarize people’s views.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段提出的问题以及第二段第一
句可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了引出文章主题：工程师们
模仿魔鬼鱼的游泳方式制造高效的交通工具。
33. What can we learn about a manta ray？（ ）
A. It can grow at least 29 feet long.
B. It swims with much less energy.
C. It can inhabit all kinds of waters.
D. It swims by pushing against water.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Manta rays are some of the
most efficient swimmers in the ocean.和Efficiency means using less
energy to move farther and causing less pollution.可知，魔鬼鱼游泳
的效率高，需要的能量少。
34. What can we infer from the research？（ ）
A. The engineers failed to build a manta ray’s fin.
B. Artificial “manta rays” remain to be improved.
C. The experiments were carried out in the ocean.
D. Vehicles like manta rays have been put into use.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中的Engineers and scientists
are still learning and experimenting with how to imitate these amazing
animals.可知，人造的魔鬼鱼鳍已经在大学的游泳池进行了测
试，但工程师和科学家仍在学习和试验，仍需改进。
35. What is the author’s attitude towards the project？（ ）
A. Unclear. B. Doubtful.
C. Negative. D. Optimistic.
解析： 观点态度题。根据第五段中的Perhaps someday
engineers will be able to build manta ray robots that are big enough to
transport people.可知，作者对魔鬼鱼的研究持乐观的态度。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·广东中山华侨中学高二下月考）Looking for a way to
connect with nature but you’re not sure how to when you live in the
city？ Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your
pressure.
Go on a wildlife walk.
There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover， so you can reach
out to your city park departments to get some valuable information.36.
（ ）.A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature
because it helps you to realize that you’re surrounded by nature.
37. （ ）.
Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as
walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.This very direct
connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge
world， helping you to relax and feel calmer.
Attract nature yourself.
One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to
you.38.（ ）.You can also fill some tubs （盆） with flowers to
attract butterflies.Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to
attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home.
Create a small garden.
Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest
amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden.If you’ve got a
balcony， fill it with pots full of flowers.39.（ ）.Imagine how
satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family.
Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more
comfortable lifestyle in a big city.40.（ ）.
A. Have a walk in a park
B. Take off your shoes and walk barefoot
C. You can grow your own vegetables on it as well
D. You can put a bird feeder （喂食器） on your balcony or by your
window
E. Meantime， this is the best method of improving your health
F. They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in
your cities
G. It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it
from a different viewpoint
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活在城市里亲近大自
然，与大自然和谐相处降低压力的几条建议。
36. F 根据Go on a wildlife walk.可知，本段建议进行发现野生动物
的散步，空前一句说明你可以从市公园部门获取一些有效信息，F项
（他们通常提供一些指导性的漫步，帮你享受你所在城市的自然之
美）承接上文，符合语境。F项中的They指代上文中的your city park
departments。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活在城市里亲近大自
然，与大自然和谐相处降低压力的几条建议。
37. B 根据下文Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with
the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.可
知，本段建议在草地上不穿鞋子的行走。B项（脱下鞋，赤着脚走
路）能够概括本段主旨，B项中的walk barefoot与下文walking without
shoes相呼应。
38. D 空前一句说明接近自然的最好的方法之一是让自然来到你身
边，空后一句建议了一种方式，用养花的盆来吸引蝴蝶，因此推断，
空处应该也是选择一种方式来吸引某个事物。D项（你可以在阳台上
或窗户上放一个喂鸟器）符合语境。
39. C 空前一句说明在阳台上种植一些盆花，结合下文的them可
知，空处应该代表种植某种植物。C项（你也可以在它上面自己种蔬
菜）符合语境，vegetables和空前的flowers相呼应。
40. E 空处是文章最后一句，根据空前一句可知，空处应为一句总
结性的话，全文都在解释亲近自然的好处，所以应该首尾呼应，也应
该填亲近自然的好处之类的选项。E项（同时，这是改善你的健康的
最佳方法）符合语境。the best method指的是和自然和谐相处的方
式，符合首尾呼应的原则。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
（2024·浙江培优联盟高二下月考）None of my friends are going to
the art camp.Despite my 41 for drawing， I decided not to go
because I had a hard time jumping into something with no 42 faces
around.
Sitting under the bright sun， I thought about the art camp and wished
I felt a little braver.To distract myself， I started sketching a pine. 43
myself I was happy to skip the camp， I drew the pine’s strong trunk
and 44 the graceful branches， making sure the upper ones 45
gently toward the sun.At this time， Mr Weston， my neighbour 46 ，“You’ve done a great job capturing the strength of that tree on paper.” He added， “Actually， you have to spread out the 47 near the surface so the tree can get enough water and grow tall.If you 48 the root ball too deep， the tree withers （凋零）.I learned that root grow out， not down from my experience of planting pine trees.” “That 49 ，” I said.I made adjustments to the root part and then added shading to the branches to give them depth.“You have a good 50 ，” Mr Weston said， and then nodded goodbye.
I thought about what Mr Weston told me as I 51 at the towering
pine.I’d never realized how 52 a tree’s roots stretch outward.It
made me think about art camp and my own roots.I wasn’t stretching
them out at all. 53 ， I was planting myself into one deep spot because
it felt safer.I 54 realized that if I wanted to grow， I had to start
reaching out， too.That night， I took a deep breath and filled in
the 55 for art camp.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为艺术营没
有朋友而决定不去参加了，但是因为邻居讲解关于树根的知识意识
到自己想要成长，就要延伸自己的“根”，于是填写了艺术营的申
请表。
41. A. anxiety B. enthusiasm
C. recognition D. expectation
解析： 根据Despite和I decided not to go可知，作者尽管对绘画
充满热情，但还是决定不去。anxiety焦虑；enthusiasm热情；
recognition识别；expectation期待。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为艺术营没
有朋友而决定不去参加了，但是因为邻居讲解关于树根的知识意识
到自己想要成长，就要延伸自己的“根”，于是填写了艺术营的申
请表。
42. A. pleasant B. curious
C. familiar D. regular
解析： 根据上文None of my friends are going to the art camp.可
知，作者很难在周围没有熟悉面孔的情况下投入其中。pleasant令
人愉快的；curious好奇的；familiar熟悉的；regular定期的。
43. A. Informing B. Teaching
C. Convincing D. Reminding
解析： 根据下文I was happy to skip the camp可知，不去营地是
作者自己的选择，即说服了自己。inform通知；teach教学；
convince说服；remind提醒。
44. A. added B. counted
C. submitted D. noticed
解析： 根据语境可知，作者画了松树粗壮的树干，又给松树
加上了优美的树枝。add增加；count计算；submit提交；notice注
意到。
45. A. pressed B. pulled
C. lifted D. arranged
解析： 根据gently toward the sun可知，要表现出树枝向着
阳光，必须画得高一些。press按压；pull拉；lift举起；
arrange安排。
46. A. came up B. came across
C. checked in D. checked out
解析： 邻居在和作者对话，说明邻居靠近了作者。come up靠
近；come across偶遇；check in入住；check out结账离开。
47. A. trunks B. leaves
C. branches D. roots
解析： 根据下文the root ball too deep， the tree withers可知，
邻居主要指导了根部的画法。trunk树干；leaf叶子；branch分枝；
root根。
48. A. press B. plant C. hide D. follow
解析： 树根伸展到接近地表的地方，这样树才能得到足够的
水，长得很高，即如果你把根球种得太深，树就会枯萎。press按
压；plant种植；hide隐藏；follow跟随。
49. A. makes sense B. makes out
C. makes it D. makes up
解析： 根据下文I made adjustments to the root part and then
added shading to the branches to give them depth.可知，作者做了调
整，说明作者认为邻居说的有道理。make sense有道理；make out
理解；make it成功；make up组成。
50. A. eye B. nose C. mouth D. ear
解析： 根据语境可知，邻居夸奖作者眼光不错。eye眼光；
nose鼻子；mouth嘴巴；ear耳朵。
51. A. glared B. stared
C. aimed D. knocked
解析： 根据上文I thought about what Mr Weston told me可知，
作者凝视着自己的绘画，在反思邻居的话。glare怒视；stare凝
视；aim旨在；knock敲击。
52. A. wide B. long C. high D. far
解析： 根据下文a tree’s roots stretch outward可知，树根可以
延伸很远。wide宽的；long长的；high高的；far远的。
53. A. Otherwise B. Therefore
C. Instead D. Besides
解析： 根据上文I wasn’t stretching them out at all.可知，作者
没有延伸自己的根，相反把自己埋在一个很深的地方，因为这样
感觉更安全。otherwise否则；therefore因此；instead相反；besides
此外。
54. A. surprisingly B. slightly
C. suddenly D. fortunately
解析： 根据语境可知，作者因为这次经历突然意识到想要成
长就必须向外走。surprisingly惊人地；slightly稍微；suddenly突
然；fortunately幸运地。
55. A. statement B. presentation
C. appointment D. application
解析： 根据上文可知，作者因为这次经历突然意识到想要成
长就必须向外走，所以作者填写了艺术营的申请表。statement声
明；presentation仪式；appointment约会；application申请表。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
（2024·江苏南京六校联合体高二下月考）In the mid-19th
century， the world 56. （destroy） by cholera， a disease
that killed thousands.In London， the epidemic （流行病） was
particularly severe， with bodies piling up and fear running wild.In this
chaos， a man named John Snow rose 57. （challenge）
the invisible enemy.
John Snow， 58. medical doctor， had a keen interest
in finding the source of cholera.He was not convinced by the then-
common belief 59. cholera was spread through bad air.His
suspicions were aroused 60. he noticed that most cases
were concentrated around a single water pump in Soho.He investigated
deeper， 61. （map） the pumps and associating them
with cholera cases.
With detailed observation and courageous experimentation， John
Snow identified the polluted water 62. the “criminal”
behind the epidemic.He convinced authorities to remove the handle of the
pump， 63. （effective） stopping the spread of
cholera.His actions saved 64. （count） lives and marked
a significant turning point in public health history.
John Snow’s lasting impact serves as a 65. （remind） of
the strength of observation， logical reasoning， and decisive action in the
face of challenges.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19世纪中叶，世界被霍乱摧毁，数
千人死于霍乱。医生约翰·斯诺通过进行调查、观察和试验，最终确
定受污染的水是流行病的源头，他的发现拯救了无数的生命。
56. was destroyed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结
构可知，空处作谓语，主语world与destroy构成被动关系，且In the
mid-19th century为过去的时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为
单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was destroyed。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19世纪中叶，世界被霍乱摧毁，数
千人死于霍乱。医生约翰·斯诺通过进行调查、观察和试验，最终确
定受污染的水是流行病的源头，他的发现拯救了无数的生命。
57. to challenge 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，rose为谓语，
空处用非谓语动词表示目的，应用动词不定式形式。故填to
challenge。
58. a 考查冠词。空处作John Snow的同位语，泛指“一位医生”，
medical的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
59. that 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空后的内容是对抽象
名词belief的具体解释说明，为同位语从句，从句结构意思均完整，故
填that。
60. when/after 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词连
接两个句子，表示怀疑在发现时产生，用when引导时间状语从句；或
表示怀疑在发现之后产生，用after引导时间状语从句。故填
when/after。
61. mapping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，investigated为谓
语，空处缺少非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语He与map为主动关系，用
动词-ing形式。故填mapping。
62. as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少介词，
identify ...as ...认同……为……。故填as。
63. effectively 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词
stop，用副词作状语。故填effectively。
64. countless 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰lives，
用形容词作定语，表示“无数的”，故填countless。
65. reminder 考查词形转换。空处在a的后面，为名词单数作宾语，
表示“提醒人的事物”，故填reminder。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2024·河北张家口高二下月考）假定你是李华，本周六你和朋
友打算去当地的一家动物收容所领养一只宠物。请你给喜欢宠物的留
学生David写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同前往。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
Yours，
Li Hua
I am writing to invite you to accompany us on a visit to a local
animal shelter on Saturday to consider adopting a pet.
The shelter， located near the city center， is open from 9 am to 5
pm.We plan to arrive around 10 am and spend the rest of the day
exploring the facility and meeting the animals.The staff will provide
information about the adoption process and answer any questions.
If you are interested in joining us， please let me know as soon as
possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear David，
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·江苏无锡运河实验学校高二下期中）
My Lucky Bamboo
My wife Hannah and I don’t usually keep houseplants.Anything in
pots gets either overwatered or underwatered.But after my diagnosis （诊
断） with a brain cancer， I loved the idea of having something new and
green around.
My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a
deep-green container.We placed the plant in the living room window
across from the sofa where I spent much of the day.
I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself.When it didn’t
immediately turn yellow or brown or lose all its leaves， I was pleasantly
surprised.
Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time
when I sometimes felt useless.The cancer limited my ability to walk， and
the treatment left me worn out， making it hard for me to accomplish
everyday tasks.As a family physician， I was used to being the one who
provided care， not the one who received it.
Since my diagnosis， it seemed that I had to rely on help from other
people.The enormous change left me feeling unsettled.Watering the
plant， as small an act as it was， connected me to a core part of my old
identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver.
Over the next few months， I recovered from surgery and completed
treatment afterwards.Even after I returned to work， I continued to care
for the plant.Soon， it had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were
shiny.Both the tree and I were thriving （茁壮成长）.
Then， surprisingly， it began to show signs of stress.I increased my
watering.I fed it commercial plant food.No matter what I did， the leaves
kept browning and dropping to the floor.
I grew more and more discouraged and uneasy.“I can’t even care
for a simple plant！” I yelled.“I’m failing！”Hannah reminded me
that we’d seen houseplants die before.She asked me why I was getting so
worked up about this particular one.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
“If my lucky bamboo dies，” I said， “I might die， too！”
As my anxiety decreased， I began to dig into online courses to
help me figure out how to care for my ailing （状况不佳的） plant.
参考范文：
“If my lucky bamboo dies，” I said， “I might die， too！”
Unable to shake off the feeling that the plant had become a symbol of my
own shaky health， I cried tears when I was alone.Now that the tree was
struggling， increasing fear seized me， which in turn helped me regain
calmness.Sunk into thought， I realized I had wrongly connected my care
of the plant — something over which I had at least some control — with
my own survival — something over which I had no control.
As my anxiety decreased， I began to dig into online courses to help
me figure out how to care for my ailing （状况不佳的） plant.Following
the instructions， I transplanted the bamboo to a larger pot to give it room
to grow.When it was back in the sunny window， we both began to thrive
again.On seeing the tree in its new pot， I couldn’t help thinking of
Mitch and the other people who have cared for and supported me.So
blessed and grateful were I that nothing in this world could beat me， even
the cancer.
谢谢观看！
