单元质量检测（六） Nature in words
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where are the speakers？（ ）
A.In a supermarket. B.In a restaurant. C.At home.
2.What did the woman do today？（ ）
A.She cleaned the car.
B.She bought an umbrella.
C.She listened to the weather forecast.
3.How will the speakers go to the bookstore？（ ）
A.By bike. B.By bus. C.By taxi.
4.What does the woman probably feel about Mary？（ ）
A.Doubtful. B.Confident. C.Concerned.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about？（ ）
A.Preparing for a test. B.Eating during an exam. C.Getting a medical exam.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Where are the two speakers？（ ）
A.In a car. B.At the Capitol exit. C.At an accident spot.
7.What will the speakers do next？（ ）
A.Try to avoid traffic jams. B.Listen to some music. C.Buy some Beatles albums.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What’s the weather like now？（ ）
A.Sunny. B.Snowy. C.Rainy.
9.What is the man’s job probably？（ ）
A.A lawyer. B.A waiter. C.A travel agent.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.How long did the man work in France？（ ）
A.For about five years. B.For about seven years. C.For about ten years.
11.Why is the woman here？（ ）
A.To give a class. B.To learn the piano. C.To pick up her son.
12.How do the speakers feel after realising where each other lives？（ ）
A.Disappointed. B.Surprised. C.Concerned.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Why is the man attracted by basketball games？（ ）
A.He is good at basketball skills.
B.His father is a fan of basketball games.
C.The result is changeable and unpredictable.
14.What does the woman usually do at weekends？（ ）
A.Stay in the dormitory. B.Go skateboarding. C.Watch music videos.
15.Where will the woman spend this weekend？（ ）
A.At home. B.In the gym. C.In the dormitory.
16.What do the man and the woman have in common？（ ）
A.They both have favourite sports.
B.Their favourite sports are risky.
C.They practise their favourite sports together.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What kind of trip had the speaker been expecting？（ ）
A.A sea diving trip. B.A river diving trip. C.A lake diving trip.
18.Where did the speaker go on his diving trip？（ ）
A.To Indonesia. B.To the USA. C.To Australia.
19.What did the speaker see on his diving trip？（ ）
A.Sharks. B.Whales. C.Flying fish.
20.How many dives did the speaker do on the third day？（ ）
A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Shakespeare’s writing shaped our modern language， but how did his plays describe the landscape of 15th-and 16th-century Britain？ This guide will take you on a mini tour of the poet’s favoured locations.
Pontefract Castle， Yorkshire
In its prime， Pontefract Castle was one of the most powerful forts （堡垒） in Europe， but its fearful reputation was once so strong that the poet used it to suggest power and terror.In Richard Ⅱ， Pontefract is the terrible scene of the king’s murder and three men are condemned to death at the castle in Richard Ⅲ.Now， Pontefract is the perfect destination for a fearful yet fascinating day out.
Sandal Castle， West Yorkshire
First built from wood in the 12th century， by the 13th century Sandal Castle had become an impressive stone fort.In the 15th century， the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this conflict that inspired Shakespeare’s Henry Ⅵ.The site of the battlefield is now a peaceful farm and all that remains of the once grand castle are broken walls.
Dunsinane Hill， Perthshire
A castle built atop Dunsinane Hill in Scotland is one of the dramatic backdrops to the blood-soaked horror of Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy，Macbeth.Today， the hill has the remains of two forts， one of which is the site on which the real Macbeth suffered a military defeat in 1054.
Forest of Arden， Warwickshire
Situated in Shakespeare’s home county of Warwickshire， Arden was once a heavily wooded area and provided the complex setting for the poet’s pastoral comedy.Visitors can enjoy several picturesque walks around the young forest， which is now home to over a million new trees.
21.What did Shakespeare use Pontefract Castle to stand for？（ ）
A.Hope and anger. B.Life and death.
C.Power and fear. D.Past and history.
22.What is Shakespeare’s inspiration for Henry Ⅵ？（ ）
A.The surroundings of Sandal Castle. B.A long battle happening at Sandal Castle.
C.The impressive buildings of Sandal Castle. D.Shakespeare’s preference for Sandal Castle.
23.Where was Shakespeare born？（ ）
A.In Yorkshire. B.In West Yorkshire.
C.In Perthshire. D.In Warwickshire.
B
（2024·浙江G5联盟高二下期中）When I was a little boy growing up， my mom， dad， brothers and I lived in my nana’s old house.It was surrounded by four huge vegetable gardens.And around the house so many flowers were planted.It was so beautiful there in the spring and summer.That wasn’t all， though.On the back porch Nana had dozens of potted plants hanging on hooks.She watered them， talked to them and nurtured them.And in the winter she would carry them all inside and set them on shelves near the windows of our enclosed front porch.There with a little water and a lot of love she kept them alive， green， and growing even during the coldest， darkest months.
As a boy I was puzzled by all the effort she put into them.I understood the vegetable gardens.They helped to feed the family all winter long.I even understood the flowers around the house.They were pretty and smelled so sweet in the summer months.The reason she put so much effort into caring for those potted plants， however， eluded me.They didn’t give us any food and they rarely had any flowers on them.They remained a mystery to my child’s mind.
Now as I’ve grown older I am beginning to understand why my nana had those potted plants.It is the same reason I have so many pictures of sunrises and forests hanging in my home.They remind me during the dark， cold， winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that light， love， and growth still exist.They remind me that spring will come again.They remind me that God loves us and is still with us even when the earth doesn’t show it.
Today I see Nana’s potted plants in a new light.They are worth every bit of the love and care she put into them.But what tells me most about light and love is Nana herself.She is light to my soul even in my darkest times.And her love lives on in my heart even if she is in Heaven.May we all learn to love as she loved， shine as she shined， and live as she lived.
24.Which of the following is close in meaning to the underlined word “eluded” in Paragraph 2？（ ）
A.Upset. B.Misguided.
C.Confused. D.Distracted.
25.Why was Nana fond of potted plants？（ ）
A.They were a sign of hope. B.They resembled sunrise and forests.
C.They constantly kept Nana company. D.They were portable and easy to nurture.
26.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（ ）
A.To advocate growing potted plants.
B.To sing the praise of Nana’s spirit and love.
C.To stress the benefits of a positive lifestyle.
D.To recall beautiful memories spent with Nana.
27.What’s the type of the passage？（ ）
A.A non-fiction. B.A book review.
C.An agricultural leaflet. D.A celebrity biography.
C
A study published in the journal People and Nature found that even in the more remote and seldom visited national parks， the presence of even just a few humans impacts the activity and behavior of wildlife that lives there.
The study was based in Glacier Bay National Park， a remote coastal area in south-east Alaska that is accessible only by boat or airplane.The park only sees 40，000 people per year.“Glacier Bay is a great park to explore what the lower limits are where humans start to affect wildlife behavior，” said senior author Laura Prugh， from the University of Washington （UW） School of Environmental and Forest Sciences.
The team worked with park staff （管理人员） to place 40 cameras across 10 sites within the park.During the summers of 2017 and 2018， the cameras detected humans and four animal species—wolves， black bears， brown bears and moose.If humans were present in an area， fewer than five animals per week were detected across all four species studied.The team believed that the animals avoided the areas where humans were present.In more remote backcountry areas （偏僻地区）， the wildlife detections dropped to zero each week even if there were only 40 visitors to the park per week.
“It was eye-opening to see the number of wildlife sightings we were ‘missing’ in backcountry areas of Glacier Bay，”lead author Mira Sytsma， who completed this work as a UW graduate student， said in a statement.“I was surprised that for all four species， wildlife detections were always highest when there wasn’t any human activity.”
The findings supported some other research that showed that as people go to national parks in record numbers， their presence is impacting the animals who live there.“Our findings lend support to concentrating human activities in some areas， because if you’re going to go above zero human activity and it’s going to have an impact， you might as well go way above zero in some areas and then have other areas where you have almost no human activity，” Prugh said.“In those areas， then， wildlife can live their natural lives unaffected by people.”
28.Why was Glacier Bay chosen for the study？（ ）
A.It is less visited. B.It is less populated.
C.It is easier to get to. D.It is richer in animal species.
29.What did the team find about the animals in backcountry areas？（ ）
A.They had less and less habitat due to tourism.
B.They had a great influence on human activities.
C.They showed up more in groups than individually.
D.They disappeared totally even with little human presence.
30.What did Sytsma think of the study？（ ）
A.It was amazing. B.It was pioneering.
C.It was hard to explain. D.It was easy to carry out.
31.What might Prugh suggest park staff do？（ ）
A.Control the number of visitors. B.Set up human-free areas for animals.
C.Increase the number of animal species. D.Move in animals that behave differently.
D
（2024·山东青岛二中高二下月考）Animals can adapt quickly to survive unfavorable environmental conditions.Evidence is mounting to show that plants can， too.A paper published in the journal Trends in Plant Science details how plants are rapidly adapting to the effects of climate change， and how they are passing down these adaptations to their offspring （后代）.
Plants are facing more environmental stresses than ever.For example， climate change is making winters shorter in many locations， and plants are responding.“Many plants require a minimum period of cold in order to set up their environmental clock to define their flowering time，” says Martinelli， a plant geneticist at the University of Florence.“As cold seasons shorten， plants have adapted to require shorter periods of cold to delay flowering.These mechanisms allow plants to avoid flowering in periods when they have fewer opportunities to reproduce.”
Because plants don’t have neural （神经的） networks， their memory is based entirely on cellular （细胞的），molecular （分子的），and biochemical networks.These networks make up what the researchers call somatic memory （体细胞记忆）.“It allows plants to recognize the occurrence of a previous environmental condition and to react accordingly，” says Martinelli.
These somatic memories can then be passed to the plants’ offspring via epigenetics （表观遗传学）.“Several examples demonstrate the existence of molecular mechanisms modulating plant memory to environmental stresses and affecting the adaptation of offspring to these stresses，” says Martinelli.
Going forward， Martinelli hopes to understand even more about the genes that are being passed down.“We are particularly interested in decoding the epigenetic alphabet without changes in DNA sequence （序列），” he says.“This is especially important when we consider the rapid climate change， we observe today that every living organism， including plants， needs to quickly adapt to survive.”
32.What adaptations have plants made to shortened cold seasons？（ ）
A.They have shortened their flowering time. B.They have got more chances to reproduce.
C.They have avoided flowering in cold seasons. D.They have adjusted their environmental clock.
33.What can we learn about somatic memory？（ ）
A.It is entirely based on neural networks. B.It can help the plants’ offspring to survive.
C.It can help relieve environmental stresses. D.It disturbs the plants’ biochemical networks.
34.What does the underlined word “modulating” mean in Paragraph 4？（ ）
A.Adjusting. B.Treasuring.
C.Recording. D.Sharing.
35.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A.Plants Are Smart about Flowering Time
B.Plants Can Also Adapt to Climate Change
C.Environmental Stresses Challenge Plants
D.Mysteries of Plant Genes Are to Be Unfolded
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·辽宁鞍山高二下月考）Many films and TV shows will tell you that sharks are scary and often eat beach-goers.36.（ ） Sharks play an important ecological role in the ocean.
Many of these fish are top predators （捕食者）.They can help control populations of other animals.However， other sharks serve as clean-up crews， chowing down on migrating birds when they fall out of the sky.37.（ ） Migrating land-based birds that fall from the sky as they cross the Gulf of Mexico can end up in the belly of a young tiger shark.But not all sharks are meat-eaters.38.（ ）
As a group， sharks are much， much older than we are.The first shark — like fish appeared more than 400 million years ago.39.（ ） Some have saw-toothed noses， and some may have big hooks on their heads.
40.（ ） They have super-sensitive noses and use snouts （鼻子） to find weak electrical signals from their food.Scientists are even trying to design materials to imitate shark’s bacteria-battling skin.
A.But that’s simply not true.
B.There are many different birds.
C.Sharks also have a lot of fascinating talents.
D.They usually migrate in a very long distance.
E.Some are peaceful plant-eaters， like the whale shark.
F.Since that time， they’ve existed in many different forms.
G.Tiger sharks， for example， eat migratory birds that fall out of the sky.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Jarrett Little， a 31-year-old brick and concrete business owner， was road-testing his mountain bike outside of Columbus， Georgia， when his riding partner， Chris Dixon， 41 abruptly.Something in the distance had caught her attention.It 42 to be a sandy-colored five-month-old Great Dane mix.
The cyclists fed the friendly pup and 43 their water.They were more than seven miles from downtown and riding bikes.However， they couldn’t leave the dog behind with its ribs （肋骨） showing and a hind leg 44 .
Little soon got an idea.He carefully 45 his new friend and slipped the 38-pound dog’s hind legs into the back pockets of his cycling shirt.Then he hung the dog’s front paws over his 46 .So badly injured was the dog that he wasn’t 47 at all.He was kind of loving their touch.
The 30 48 ride into town ended at a bike store， where they got more water and food for the dog.That was when Andrea Shaw， a lawyer from Maine in town on business， 49 to walk by.The dog made a beeline for her， licking and “loving on her”.Shaw was 50 and， after learning what had happened， declared her intention，“I am 51 this dog.”
Shaw named him Columbo 52 the town where they’d met and 53 an operation on his broken leg.Today， Columbo is living the 54 life on a farm with a horse， a pony， and a six-year-old boy to keep him 55 .He is literally the luckiest dog alive.
41.A.sped B.turned C.stopped D.backed
42.A.claimed B.proved C.pretended D.seemed
43.A.drank B.spilt C.boiled D.shared
44.A.destroyed B.broken C.gone D.bandaged
45.A.picked up B.cheered up C.swept up D.straightened up
46.A.chest B.waist C.head D.shoulders
47.A.fighting B.breathing C.weeping D.walking
48.A.seconds B.minutes C.hours D.days
49.A.arranged B.meant C.happened D.wanted
50.A.distracted B.fascinated C.angered D.defeated
51.A.keeping B.adapting C.checking D.employing
52.A.in B.outside C.after D.on
53.A.prevented B.performed C.underwent D.scheduled
54.A.distant B.critical C.high D.long
55.A.company B.assistance C.healthy D.close
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cold Dew， the 17th solar term of the year， begins usually in October.At this time， there are some interesting 56. （phenomenon） you need to know.
Not only do temperatures drop significantly， but also rainfall 57. （reduce）.When the cold air encounters autumn rain， it turns into misty rain or fog.When the humidity is high， 58. （fog） regions form in many areas of China.
People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense.That’s 59. temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine doesn’t reach deep water thoroughly.Fish swim to shallow water areas 60. the water temperature is 61. （relative） high.
Pomegranates （石榴） are ripe during Cold Dew， releasing a sweet scent.With their exquisite beauty， flavor and colour， pomegranates never fail to attract people and have been cherished for centuries also for 62. （they） health benefits and anti-aging benefits.
Chrysanthemum （菊花） is the iconic flower of Cold Dew.63. （prevent） autumn dryness， many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine， which is thought to boost heart health by strengthening blood vessels and 64. （stimulate） blood flow.
During Cold Dew， North China takes on a look of late autumn with white clouds， red leaves and early frost.People often climb hills with cornels （茱萸） 65. the day of the Double Ninth Festival， aiming to dispel evils.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2024·山东临沂十九中高二下期中）上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动的过程；2.收获与感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·辽宁名校联盟高二下月考）Kim’s family moved frequently from one place to another due to his father’s profession.Kim had to start a new school every few years.Therefore， Kim’s school life was terrible.He didn’t have any best friends.
One day， Kim went to his classmate Rocky’s home.As soon as they entered the house， Rocky’s pet jumped on Rocky and started licking his face.Rocky said， “My doggy loves me very much.Animals can’t speak， but they have feelings， too.” His words were so touchy that Kim thought about keeping a pet.
Kim talked with his mother.She was afraid of dogs.She said that if Kim kept a dog at home， then it would be entirely his responsibility.The real task for Kim was his father.They were pure vegetarian.His father knew that animal needs meat for growth， which he never bought in the market.Therefore， he said a clear no to Kim’s demand.
One day， Kim saw a puppy in the park， who was in pain because of an injured ear.The puppy was weeping.Kim couldn’t stop himself and took it home.He took good care of it and decided to keep it permanently at home.When his father saw the dog， he scolded Kim， the little pup sitting in the corner and listening to them.Since Kim requested him a lot， finally， he agreed unwillingly.
Kim named that cute puppy Dooner.He trained Dooner and took care of his food， water， and cleanliness.Dooner and Kim became good friends.Everyone loved Dooner except Kim’s father.Every time his father got home， Dooner would hide somewhere in the house.
Then the day came when the results of the examination were declared.Kim failed in one subject， which made Kim’s father disappointed.He scolded Kim and even blamed Dooner for Kim’s failure.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dooner hid himself in the corner， listening to everything.
Although Dooner had left the house for several days， he decided to pick up Kim’s father’s wallet on the ground of the market and returned it.
单元质量检测（六） Nature in words
第一部分
1－5 BAACB 6－10 ABBCA
11－15 CBCBC 16－20 AABBC
听力材料：
（Text 1）
W：So， what do you think of the lamb？
M：It’s pretty good， but I think the lamb you make at home is better.
W：You’re sweet to say that.Oh， can you get the waiter’s attention for me？
（Text 2）
M：I saw you washed the car today.I guess I’ll bring my umbrella to work.
W：Why would you do that？
M：It always rains right after you wash the car.
（Text 3）
M：Would you like to go with me to the new bookstore tomorrow morning？
W：I’d love to.But only if we go there by bike rather than by bus or by taxi.
M：No problem.We can use Mobike.
（Text 4）
M：There is a good chance that Mary will get home today.
W：Well， I hope she drives carefully.You know how the traffic is this time of year.
M：Oh， Mary’s a good driver.Have confidence in her.
（Text 5）
W：Can we eat food during the test？
M：Only drinks are allowed， unless you have a medical excuse.
W：I need to eat every hour， or my blood pressure will drop.
（Text 6）
M：Oh， there’s another traffic jam on the highway！
W：How can there be traffic jams on the 16-lane highway every day？
M：There are just too many people， and too many cars.
W：I wonder if there is an accident.
M：No， they just said that too many people were trying to get off at the Capitol exit.
W：Well， let’s put on some music.We’re going to be stuck in this for a while.
M：All right， what do you want to listen to？
W：How about some Beatles music？
M：Yeah， all right.
（Text 7）
W：Oh， I wish that bus would come！ My feet are freezing！ I suppose I’ve been here for ten minutes or so.
M：That’s long enough in the winter.
W：This morning， the sun was shining ... even though they were predicting light rain.
M：But it started to snow one hour ago.They’re still predicting two or three inches.
W：Well， I won’t go into the office tomorrow.I’ll just work from home.
M：What do you do？
W：I’m a lawyer.My office is around the corner.
M：Oh， I work in the same building， in that travel agency next to the lobby.I’ve seen you walk by several times.Stop in and have a cup of coffee sometime.
W：OK.
（Text 8）
W：What a surprise to see you here， Frank！
M：Jane？ It’s you， right？ I can’t believe it.It’s been almost ten years since we last met.
W：Yeah， that was at Lisa’s birthday party.You left for France the following day.So when did you come back to the States？
M：Five years ago.I worked in France， got married there， and then after my daughter was born， came back here with my family.So， what are you up to here？
W：Oh， I’m here to pick up my son.He’s in the piano class.What about you？
M：I’m here to pick up my daughter.She’s in the dance class.Do you live near here？
W：Yeah， just two blocks east.What about you？
M：About five blocks west.That’s really shocking.We live just about seven blocks away from each other， and we haven’t met for five years.
W：That’s really something.Oh， there’s the bell！ Hey， let me get your phone number before all the kids come out.
M：OK.
（Text 9）
W：It’s Saturday tomorrow.So， what’s your plan？
M：I’m so exhausted this week.I’ll stay at home and relax myself.
W：You mean you’ll get some sleep and watch several basketball games， huh？
M：Yes， especially the game of Cavaliers.
W：Why do you love basketball games so much？
M：Basketball games are exciting.The outcome can be changed in only a few seconds.And there are fascinating skills.How about you？What will you do this weekend？ Go skateboarding as usual？
W：I’m worn out， too， and I’ll stay in the dormitory and see some videos about skateboarding.
M：How long have you been skateboarding？ Three years or four years？ I don’t remember it exactly.
W：About four years.During those four years， I watched videos about skateboarding and practised the skills once and once again.You may feel it boring and painful， but I take delight in it.Every advance in skills brings me a great sense of fulfillment.Every time I jump into the sky， I feel I’m flying.
M：Wow， amazing.
（Text 10）
M：My name is Jake， and I recently went on a diving trip with my family — swimming under the water.
It was very exciting.I’d never gone diving in open water before， like a river or a lake.And I had always been expecting a real sea dive.I’d just done my diving training in a pool.I was really looking forward to my first real sea dive.We couldn’t decide where to go at first.We considered going somewhere in Indonesia or in Australia， but then friends in the USA offered to let us stay with them， so we went to the coast there， where there were perfect diving conditions.
I was a bit worried as we were swimming around because we’d heard there might be sharks in the area — only small ones， but it didn’t matter！ So I was very scared when some big sea animals came swimming toward us — but they turned out to be whales！ They played with us in the water.We even managed to get some photos.We hoped we’d see some flying fish — but no such luck.
Each day’s dives were completely different.We did three dives on the first day， and four on the second， plus a few more on the third — twelve dives altogether！ It was the best trip ever.
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处与莎士比亚的经典剧作有关的风景名胜。
21.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，莎士比亚把这个地方看成是权力和恐惧的象征。
22.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的In the 15th century， the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this conflict that inspired Shakespeare’s Henry Ⅵ.可知，莎士比亚创作《亨利六世》的灵感来自一场持久的战争。
23.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的Situated in Shakespeare’s home county of Warwickshire可知，莎士比亚出生在Warwickshire。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候不理解奶奶为什么喜欢盆栽，随着年龄的增长，作者明白了盆栽是希望的象征。
24.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知，作者对于奶奶费心照顾这些盆栽感到困惑，因为作者认为它们没有贡献任何食物，而且也很少开花。故画线词意思是“困惑的”。
25.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后三句可知，奶奶喜欢盆栽是因为它们是希望的象征。
26.B 写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者写本文的目的是歌颂奶奶的精神和爱。
27.A 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了作者小时候不理解奶奶为什么喜欢盆栽，随着年龄的增长，作者明白了盆栽是希望的象征。由此可推知，本文是一篇关于奶奶的非小说类文学作品。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，再少的人类活动也会对野生动物活动造成影响。
28.A 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Glacier Bay国家公园比较偏远，游客稀少。这在Prugh看来符合他们的研究目的——探索人类开始影响野生动物行为的下限。
29.D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，在更偏远的区域，即使每周只有40位游客出现，野生动物也不会出现在人类的视野中。
30.A 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，研究结果让Sytsma大开眼界，颇为惊讶。
31.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Prugh说的话可知，Prugh认为公园应划分人类活动区和无人区。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了植物像动物一样，可以快速适应不利条件，同时分析了植物能快速适应不利条件，并将这些适应传递给下一代的原因。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中Martinelli说的Many plants require a minimum period of cold in order to set up their environmental clock to define their flowering time可知，为了适应缩短的寒冷季节，植物会设置环境时钟来定义开花时间。
33.B 推理判断题。根据第四段首句可知，这些体细胞记忆通过表观遗传学传给下一代。由此可以判断，体细胞记忆可以帮助下一代生存下来。
34.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知，这些机制使植物能够调整自己在繁殖机会少的时期避免开花，这是植物调整适应环境变化的结果。画线单词所在的句子谈论的是有几个例子表明存在这样的“分子机制”调节植物记忆来适应环境的变化，与第二段阐述的与“这些机制”允许植物调节花期适应环境的内容相当，故画线词意为“调节”。
35.B 标题归纳题。根据首段中的Animals can adapt quickly to survive unfavorable environmental conditions.，再结合下文围绕该话题举例说明和分析植物能快速适应不利条件的原因可知，本文主要是陈述植物和动物一样能快速适应不利条件。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼的习性、天赋和重要性。
36.A 空前一句讲鲨鱼不好的一方面，空后一句讲鲨鱼好的一方面，前后形成转折。A项（但这不完全正确）符合语境。
37.G 空前一句说明有的鲨鱼会吃从空中落下的迁徙鸟，G项举例进行说明，符合语境。
38.E 空前一句说明并不是所有的鲨鱼都吃肉，E项（一些是和平的食草鲨鱼，比如鲸鲨）符合语境。
39.F 上文说明鲨鱼存在很长时间了，下文说明鲨鱼长的样子各不相同。F项（从那时起，它们就以许多不同的形式存在）承上启下，符合语境。
40.C 下文说明鲨鱼本领高强。C项（鲨鱼也有很多惊人的天赋）符合语境。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。狗狗Columbo在路上受伤，被31岁的砖混企业老板Jarrett Little和同伴Chris Dixon在骑行途中救助，并碰巧遇到律师Andrea Shaw，最后狗狗被Andrea Shaw收养，现在在农场上过着自由自在的生活。
41.C 根据下文Something in the distance had caught her attention.可知，此处是指Chris Dixon突然停了下来。
42.B 此处是指事实证明这是一只5个月大的沙土色大丹混血狗。
43.D 根据上文fed the friendly pup可知，此处是指给小狗分享他们的水。
44.B 根据上文with its ribs （肋骨） showing可知，此处是指这只狗的后腿断了。
45.A 根据下文slipped the 38-pound dog’s hind legs into the back pockets of his cycling shirt可知，此处是指他小心地抱起这只狗。
46.D 根据上文hung the dog’s front paws over可知，此处是指他把狗的前爪搭在他的肩上。
47.A 根据下文He was kind of loving their touch.可知，此处是指狗根本就不挣扎。
48.B 根据ride into town可知，此处是指进城30分钟的路程。
49.C 根据下文The dog made a beeline for her， licking and “loving on her”.可知，此处是指Andrea Shaw碰巧路过。happen to do sth意为“碰巧做某事”。
50.B 根据下文Shaw named him Columbo可知，此处是指Shaw被深深吸引了，要收养这只狗。
51.A 参见上题解析。
52.C name ...after ...意为“以……为……命名”。
53.D 根据an operation on his broken leg可知，此处是指为狗安排手术。
54.C 此处是指Columbo在农场里过着奢华的生活，自由自在。
55.A 此处是指有一匹马、一匹小马和一个六岁的男孩陪伴着它。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个节气——寒露。
56.phenomena 考查名词复数。根据some可知，此处应用可数名词phenomenon的复数。故填phenomena。
57.is reduced 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，这里要用被动语态；由上文do可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填is reduced。
58.foggy 考查词形转换。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词regions。故填foggy。
59.because 考查表语从句。根据句意可知，空处表示“因为”，应用引导词because引导表语从句。故填because。
60.where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是shallow water areas，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
61.relatively 考查词形转换。空处应用副词作状语，修饰形容词high。故填relatively。
62.their 考查代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词作 health benefits的定语。故填their。
63.To prevent 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表目的，应用动词不定式。位于句首，单词首字母需大写。故填To prevent。
64.stimulating 考查非谓语动词。and表示并列，空处应与strengthening形式保持一致，作介词by的宾语。故填stimulating。
65.on 考查介词。此处表示具体的某一天，应用介词on＋具体日期。故填on。
第四部分
第一节
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
Last weekend， I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union.
The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist， who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.We then went on a natural walk to observe and collect samples of different plants.Throughout the event， I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes， as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
Overall， it was a valuable and enriching experience.
第二节
Dooner hid himself in the corner， listening to everything.He felt the tension in the air and understood that his presence was somehow connected to Kim’s scolding.With a heavy heart， Dooner decided to leave to prevent further trouble for Kim.That night， he quietly slipped out of the house and into the darkness.Kim woke up the next morning to find Dooner missing.He searched everywhere but found no trace of his beloved pet.Days later， as Dooner roamed the streets， he stumbled upon Kim’s father’s wallet lying on the ground at the market.
Although Dooner had left the house for several days， he decided to pick up Kim’s father’s wallet on the ground of the market and returned it.As he approached the house， he saw Kim’s father frantically searching for something.Understanding the situation， Dooner carefully placed the wallet at Kim’s father’s feet and barked to get his attention.Surprised and grateful， Kim’s father picked up the wallet and looked at Dooner with new-found respect.He realized that the dog was more than just a pet； he was a loyal and intelligent companion.From that day on， Kim’s father’s attitude towards Dooner changed， and he welcomed him back into their home with open arms.
1 / 6(共100张PPT)
单元质量检测（六） Nature in words
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间
来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers？（ ）
A. In a supermarket.
B. In a restaurant.
C. At home.
2. What did the woman do today？（ ）
A. She cleaned the car.
B. She bought an umbrella.
C. She listened to the weather forecast.
3. How will the speakers go to the bookstore？（ ）
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
4. What does the woman probably feel about Mary？（ ）
A. Doubtful. B. Confident. C. Concerned.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about？（ ）
A. Preparing for a test.
B. Eating during an exam.
C. Getting a medical exam.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the two speakers？（ ）
A. In a car.
B. At the Capitol exit.
C. At an accident spot.
7. What will the speakers do next？（ ）
A. Try to avoid traffic jams.
B. Listen to some music.
C. Buy some Beatles albums.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What’s the weather like now？（ ）
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
9. What is the man’s job probably？（ ）
A. A lawyer. B. A waiter. C. A travel agent.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How long did the man work in France？（ ）
A. For about five years.
B. For about seven years.
C. For about ten years.
11. Why is the woman here？（ ）
A. To give a class.
B. To learn the piano.
C. To pick up her son.
12. How do the speakers feel after realising where each other lives？
（ ）
A. Disappointed.
B. Surprised.
C. Concerned.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why is the man attracted by basketball games？（ ）
A. He is good at basketball skills.
B. His father is a fan of basketball games.
C. The result is changeable and unpredictable.
14. What does the woman usually do at weekends？（ ）
A. Stay in the dormitory.
B. Go skateboarding.
C. Watch music videos.
15. Where will the woman spend this weekend？（ ）
A. At home.
B. In the gym.
C. In the dormitory.
16. What do the man and the woman have in common？（ ）
A. They both have favourite sports.
B. Their favourite sports are risky.
C. They practise their favourite sports together.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of trip had the speaker been expecting？（ ）
A. A sea diving trip.
B. A river diving trip.
C. A lake diving trip.
18. Where did the speaker go on his diving trip？（ ）
A. To Indonesia.
B. To the USA.
C. To Australia.
19. What did the speaker see on his diving trip？（ ）
A. Sharks. B. Whales. C. Flying fish.
20. How many dives did the speaker do on the third day？（ ）
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
听力材料：
（Text 1）
W：So， what do you think of the lamb？
M：It’s pretty good， but I think the lamb you make at home is
better.
W：You’re sweet to say that.Oh， can you get the waiter’s
attention for me？
（Text 2）
M：I saw you washed the car today.I guess I’ll bring my umbrella
to work.
W：Why would you do that？
M：It always rains right after you wash the car.
（Text 3）
M：Would you like to go with me to the new bookstore tomorrow
morning？
W：I’d love to.But only if we go there by bike rather than by bus or
by taxi.
M：No problem.We can use Mobike.
（Text 4）
M：There is a good chance that Mary will get home today.
W：Well， I hope she drives carefully.You know how the traffic is
this time of year.
M：Oh， Mary’s a good driver.Have confidence in her.
（Text 5）
W：Can we eat food during the test？
M：Only drinks are allowed， unless you have a medical excuse.
W：I need to eat every hour， or my blood pressure will drop.
（Text 6）
M：Oh， there’s another traffic jam on the highway！
W：How can there be traffic jams on the 16-lane highway every
day？
M：There are just too many people， and too many cars.
W：I wonder if there is an accident.
M：No， they just said that too many people were trying to get off at
the Capitol exit.
W：Well， let’s put on some music.We’re going to be stuck in
this for a while.
M：All right， what do you want to listen to？
W：How about some Beatles music？
M：Yeah， all right.
（Text 7）
W：Oh， I wish that bus would come！ My feet are freezing！ I
suppose I’ve been here for ten minutes or so.
M：That’s long enough in the winter.
W：This morning， the sun was shining ... even though they were
predicting light rain.
M：But it started to snow one hour ago.They’re still predicting two
or three inches.
W：Well， I won’t go into the office tomorrow.I’ll just work from
home.
M：What do you do？
W：I’m a lawyer.My office is around the corner.
M：Oh， I work in the same building， in that travel agency next to
the lobby.I’ve seen you walk by several times.Stop in and have a
cup of coffee sometime.
W：OK.
（Text 8）
W：What a surprise to see you here， Frank！
M：Jane？ It’s you， right？ I can’t believe it.It’s been almost
ten years since we last met.
W：Yeah， that was at Lisa’s birthday party.You left for France the
following day.So when did you come back to the States？
M：Five years ago.I worked in France， got married there， and
then after my daughter was born， came back here with my
family.So， what are you up to here？
W：Oh， I’m here to pick up my son.He’s in the piano
class.What about you？
M：I’m here to pick up my daughter.She’s in the dance class.Do
you live near here？
W：Yeah， just two blocks east.What about you？
M：About five blocks west.That’s really shocking.We live just
about seven blocks away from each other， and we haven’t met for
five years.
W：That’s really something.Oh， there’s the bell！ Hey， let me
get your phone number before all the kids come out.
M：OK.
（Text 9）
W：It’s Saturday tomorrow.So， what’s your plan？
M：I’m so exhausted this week.I’ll stay at home and relax
myself.
W：You mean you’ll get some sleep and watch several basketball
games， huh？
M：Yes， especially the game of Cavaliers.
W：Why do you love basketball games so much？
M：Basketball games are exciting.The outcome can be changed in
only a few seconds.And there are fascinating skills.How about you？
What will you do this weekend？ Go skateboarding as usual？
W：I’m worn out， too， and I’ll stay in the dormitory and see
some videos about skateboarding.
M：How long have you been skateboarding？ Three years or four
years？ I don’t remember it exactly.
W：About four years.During those four years， I watched videos
about skateboarding and practised the skills once and once again.You
may feel it boring and painful， but I take delight in it.Every advance
in skills brings me a great sense of fulfillment.Every time I jump into
the sky， I feel I’m flying.
M：Wow， amazing.
（Text 10）
M：My name is Jake， and I recently went on a diving trip with
my family — swimming under the water.
It was very exciting.I’d never gone diving in open water
before， like a river or a lake.And I had always been expecting a real
sea dive.I’d just done my diving training in a pool.I was really
looking forward to my first real sea dive.We couldn’t decide where
to go at first.We considered going somewhere in Indonesia or in
Australia， but then friends in the USA offered to let us stay with
them， so we went to the coast there， where there were perfect
diving conditions.
I was a bit worried as we were swimming around because we’d
heard there might be sharks in the area — only small ones， but it
didn’t matter！ So I was very scared when some big sea animals
came swimming toward us — but they turned out to be whales！ They
played with us in the water.We even managed to get some photos.We
hoped we’d see some flying fish — but no such luck.
Each day’s dives were completely different.We did three dives
on the first day， and four on the second， plus a few more on the
third — twelve dives altogether！ It was the best trip ever.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
Shakespeare’s writing shaped our modern language， but how did
his plays describe the landscape of 15th-and 16th-century Britain？ This
guide will take you on a mini tour of the poet’s favoured locations.
Pontefract Castle， Yorkshire
In its prime， Pontefract Castle was one of the most powerful forts
（堡垒） in Europe， but its fearful reputation was once so strong that the
poet used it to suggest power and terror.In Richard Ⅱ， Pontefract is the
terrible scene of the king’s murder and three men are condemned to death
at the castle in Richard Ⅲ.Now， Pontefract is the perfect destination for
a fearful yet fascinating day out.
Sandal Castle， West Yorkshire
First built from wood in the 12th century， by the 13th century
Sandal Castle had become an impressive stone fort.In the 15th century，
the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this
conflict that inspired Shakespeare’s Henry Ⅵ.The site of the battlefield
is now a peaceful farm and all that remains of the once grand castle are
broken walls.
Dunsinane Hill， Perthshire
A castle built atop Dunsinane Hill in Scotland is one of the dramatic
backdrops to the blood-soaked horror of Shakespeare’s shortest
tragedy，Macbeth.Today， the hill has the remains of two forts， one of
which is the site on which the real Macbeth suffered a military defeat in
1054.
Forest of Arden， Warwickshire
Situated in Shakespeare’s home county of Warwickshire， Arden
was once a heavily wooded area and provided the complex setting for the
poet’s pastoral comedy.Visitors can enjoy several picturesque walks
around the young forest， which is now home to over a million new trees.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处与莎士比亚的经典
剧作有关的风景名胜。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处与莎士比亚的经典
剧作有关的风景名胜。
21. What did Shakespeare use Pontefract Castle to stand for？（ ）
A. Hope and anger. B. Life and death.
C. Power and fear. D. Past and history.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，莎士比亚把这
个地方看成是权力和恐惧的象征。
22. What is Shakespeare’s inspiration for Henry Ⅵ？（ ）
A. The surroundings of Sandal Castle.
B. A long battle happening at Sandal Castle.
C. The impressive buildings of Sandal Castle.
D. Shakespeare’s preference for Sandal Castle.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的In the 15th century， the
castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this
conflict that inspired Shakespeare’s Henry Ⅵ.可知，莎士比亚创作
《亨利六世》的灵感来自一场持久的战争。
23. Where was Shakespeare born？（ ）
A. In Yorkshire. B. In West Yorkshire.
C. In Perthshire. D. In Warwickshire.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的Situated in
Shakespeare’s home county of Warwickshire可知，莎士比亚出生
在Warwickshire。
B
（2024·浙江G5联盟高二下期中）When I was a little boy growing
up， my mom， dad， brothers and I lived in my nana’s old house.It
was surrounded by four huge vegetable gardens.And around the house so
many flowers were planted.It was so beautiful there in the spring and
summer.That wasn’t all， though.On the back porch Nana had dozens
of potted plants hanging on hooks.She watered them， talked to them and
nurtured them.And in the winter she would carry them all inside and set
them on shelves near the windows of our enclosed front porch.There with
a little water and a lot of love she kept them alive， green， and growing
even during the coldest， darkest months.
As a boy I was puzzled by all the effort she put into them.I
understood the vegetable gardens.They helped to feed the family all winter
long.I even understood the flowers around the house.They were pretty and
smelled so sweet in the summer months.The reason she put so much effort
into caring for those potted plants， however， eluded me.They didn’t
give us any food and they rarely had any flowers on them.They remained a
mystery to my child’s mind.
Now as I’ve grown older I am beginning to understand why my nana
had those potted plants.It is the same reason I have so many pictures of
sunrises and forests hanging in my home.They remind me during the
dark， cold， winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that
light， love， and growth still exist.They remind me that spring will
come again.They remind me that God loves us and is still with us even
when the earth doesn’t show it.
Today I see Nana’s potted plants in a new light.They are worth
every bit of the love and care she put into them.But what tells me most
about light and love is Nana herself.She is light to my soul even in my
darkest times.And her love lives on in my heart even if she is in
Heaven.May we all learn to love as she loved， shine as she shined， and
live as she lived.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候不理解奶奶为什么喜欢
盆栽，随着年龄的增长，作者明白了盆栽是希望的象征。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候不理解奶奶为什么喜欢
盆栽，随着年龄的增长，作者明白了盆栽是希望的象征。
24. Which of the following is close in meaning to the underlined word
“eluded” in Paragraph 2？（ ）
A. Upset. B. Misguided.
C. Confused. D. Distracted.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知，作者对于奶
奶费心照顾这些盆栽感到困惑，因为作者认为它们没有贡献任何
食物，而且也很少开花。故画线词意思是“困惑的”。
25. Why was Nana fond of potted plants？（ ）
A. They were a sign of hope.
B. They resembled sunrise and forests.
C. They constantly kept Nana company.
D. They were portable and easy to nurture.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后三句可知，奶奶喜
欢盆栽是因为它们是希望的象征。
26. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（ ）
A. To advocate growing potted plants.
B. To sing the praise of Nana’s spirit and love.
C. To stress the benefits of a positive lifestyle.
D. To recall beautiful memories spent with Nana.
解析： 写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者写本文的
目的是歌颂奶奶的精神和爱。
27. What’s the type of the passage？（ ）
A. A non-fiction.
B. A book review.
C. An agricultural leaflet.
D. A celebrity biography.
解析： 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了作者小时候不理解奶奶
为什么喜欢盆栽，随着年龄的增长，作者明白了盆栽是希望的象
征。由此可推知，本文是一篇关于奶奶的非小说类文学作品。
C
A study published in the journal People and Nature found that even in
the more remote and seldom visited national parks， the presence of even
just a few humans impacts the activity and behavior of wildlife that lives
there.
The study was based in Glacier Bay National Park， a remote coastal
area in south-east Alaska that is accessible only by boat or airplane.The
park only sees 40，000 people per year.“Glacier Bay is a great park to
explore what the lower limits are where humans start to affect wildlife
behavior，” said senior author Laura Prugh， from the University of
Washington （UW） School of Environmental and Forest Sciences.
The team worked with park staff （管理人员） to place 40 cameras
across 10 sites within the park.During the summers of 2017 and 2018，
the cameras detected humans and four animal species—wolves， black
bears， brown bears and moose.If humans were present in an area，
fewer than five animals per week were detected across all four species
studied.The team believed that the animals avoided the areas where
humans were present.In more remote backcountry areas （偏僻地区），
the wildlife detections dropped to zero each week even if there were only
40 visitors to the park per week.
“It was eye-opening to see the number of wildlife sightings we were
‘missing’ in backcountry areas of Glacier Bay，”lead author Mira
Sytsma， who completed this work as a UW graduate student， said in a
statement.“I was surprised that for all four species， wildlife detections
were always highest when there wasn’t any human activity.”
The findings supported some other research that showed that as
people go to national parks in record numbers， their presence is
impacting the animals who live there.“Our findings lend support to
concentrating human activities in some areas， because if you’re going
to go above zero human activity and it’s going to have an impact， you
might as well go way above zero in some areas and then have other areas
where you have almost no human activity，” Prugh said.“In those
areas， then， wildlife can live their natural lives unaffected by people.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，再少的人类活动也会对
野生动物活动造成影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，再少的人类活动也会对
野生动物活动造成影响。
28. Why was Glacier Bay chosen for the study？（ ）
A. It is less visited.
B. It is less populated.
C. It is easier to get to.
D. It is richer in animal species.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Glacier Bay国家公
园比较偏远，游客稀少。这在Prugh看来符合他们的研究目的——
探索人类开始影响野生动物行为的下限。
29. What did the team find about the animals in backcountry areas？
（ ）
A. They had less and less habitat due to tourism.
B. They had a great influence on human activities.
C. They showed up more in groups than individually.
D. They disappeared totally even with little human presence.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，在更偏远的
区域，即使每周只有40位游客出现，野生动物也不会出现在人类
的视野中。
30. What did Sytsma think of the study？（ ）
A. It was amazing.
B. It was pioneering.
C. It was hard to explain.
D. It was easy to carry out.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，研究结果让
Sytsma大开眼界，颇为惊讶。
31. What might Prugh suggest park staff do？（ ）
A. Control the number of visitors.
B. Set up human-free areas for animals.
C. Increase the number of animal species.
D. Move in animals that behave differently.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Prugh说的话可知，Prugh
认为公园应划分人类活动区和无人区。
D
（2024·山东青岛二中高二下月考）Animals can adapt quickly to
survive unfavorable environmental conditions.Evidence is mounting to
show that plants can， too.A paper published in the journal Trends in
Plant Science details how plants are rapidly adapting to the effects of
climate change， and how they are passing down these adaptations to their
offspring （后代）.
Plants are facing more environmental stresses than ever.For
example， climate change is making winters shorter in many locations，
and plants are responding.“Many plants require a minimum period of
cold in order to set up their environmental clock to define their flowering
time，” says Martinelli， a plant geneticist at the University of
Florence.“As cold seasons shorten， plants have adapted to require
shorter periods of cold to delay flowering.These mechanisms allow plants
to avoid flowering in periods when they have fewer opportunities to
reproduce.”
Because plants don’t have neural （神经的） networks， their
memory is based entirely on cellular （细胞的），molecular （分子
的），and biochemical networks.These networks make up what the
researchers call somatic memory （体细胞记忆）.“It allows plants to
recognize the occurrence of a previous environmental condition and to
react accordingly，” says Martinelli.
These somatic memories can then be passed to the plants’ offspring
via epigenetics （表观遗传学）.“Several examples demonstrate the
existence of molecular mechanisms modulating plant memory to
environmental stresses and affecting the adaptation of offspring to these
stresses，” says Martinelli.
Going forward， Martinelli hopes to understand even more about the
genes that are being passed down.“We are particularly interested in
decoding the epigenetic alphabet without changes in DNA sequence （序
列），” he says.“This is especially important when we consider the
rapid climate change， we observe today that every living organism，
including plants， needs to quickly adapt to survive.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了植物像动物一样，
可以快速适应不利条件，同时分析了植物能快速适应不利条件，并
将这些适应传递给下一代的原因。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了植物像动物一样，
可以快速适应不利条件，同时分析了植物能快速适应不利条件，并
将这些适应传递给下一代的原因。
32. What adaptations have plants made to shortened cold seasons？
（ ）
A. They have shortened their flowering time.
B. They have got more chances to reproduce.
C. They have avoided flowering in cold seasons.
D. They have adjusted their environmental clock.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中Martinelli说的Many plants
require a minimum period of cold in order to set up their
environmental clock to define their flowering time可知，为了适应缩
短的寒冷季节，植物会设置环境时钟来定义开花时间。
33. What can we learn about somatic memory？（ ）
A. It is entirely based on neural networks.
B. It can help the plants’ offspring to survive.
C. It can help relieve environmental stresses.
D. It disturbs the plants’ biochemical networks.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段首句可知，这些体细胞记忆
通过表观遗传学传给下一代。由此可以判断，体细胞记忆可以帮
助下一代生存下来。
34. What does the underlined word “modulating” mean in Paragraph
4？（ ）
A. Adjusting. B. Treasuring.
C. Recording. D. Sharing.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知，这些机制使
植物能够调整自己在繁殖机会少的时期避免开花，这是植物调整
适应环境变化的结果。画线单词所在的句子谈论的是有几个例子
表明存在这样的“分子机制”调节植物记忆来适应环境的变化，
与第二段阐述的与“这些机制”允许植物调节花期适应环境的内
容相当，故画线词意为“调节”。
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A. Plants Are Smart about Flowering Time
B. Plants Can Also Adapt to Climate Change
C. Environmental Stresses Challenge Plants
D. Mysteries of Plant Genes Are to Be Unfolded
解析： 标题归纳题。根据首段中的Animals can adapt quickly to
survive unfavorable environmental conditions.，再结合下文围绕该
话题举例说明和分析植物能快速适应不利条件的原因可知，本文
主要是陈述植物和动物一样能快速适应不利条件。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·辽宁鞍山高二下月考）Many films and TV shows will tell
you that sharks are scary and often eat beach-goers.36.（ ） Sharks
play an important ecological role in the ocean.
Many of these fish are top predators （捕食者）.They can help
control populations of other animals.However， other sharks serve as
clean-up crews， chowing down on migrating birds when they fall out of
the sky.37.（ ） Migrating land-based birds that fall from the sky as
they cross the Gulf of Mexico can end up in the belly of a young tiger
shark.But not all sharks are meat-eaters.38.（ ）
As a group， sharks are much， much older than we are.The first
shark — like fish appeared more than 400 million years ago.39.（ ）
Some have saw-toothed noses， and some may have big hooks on their
heads.
40. （ ） They have super-sensitive noses and use snouts （鼻
子） to find weak electrical signals from their food.Scientists are even
trying to design materials to imitate shark’s bacteria-battling skin.
A. But that’s simply not true.
B. There are many different birds.
C. Sharks also have a lot of fascinating talents.
D. They usually migrate in a very long distance.
E. Some are peaceful plant-eaters， like the whale shark.
F. Since that time， they’ve existed in many different forms.
G. Tiger sharks， for example， eat migratory birds that fall out of the
sky.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼的习性、天赋
和重要性。
36. A 空前一句讲鲨鱼不好的一方面，空后一句讲鲨鱼好的一方
面，前后形成转折。A项（但这不完全正确）符合语境。
37. G 空前一句说明有的鲨鱼会吃从空中落下的迁徙鸟，G项举例进
行说明，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼的习性、天赋
和重要性。
38. E 空前一句说明并不是所有的鲨鱼都吃肉，E项（一些是和平的
食草鲨鱼，比如鲸鲨）符合语境。
39. F 上文说明鲨鱼存在很长时间了，下文说明鲨鱼长的样子各不相
同。F项（从那时起，它们就以许多不同的形式存在）承上启下，符
合语境。
40. C 下文说明鲨鱼本领高强。C项（鲨鱼也有很多惊人的天赋）符
合语境。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
Jarrett Little， a 31-year-old brick and concrete business owner，
was road-testing his mountain bike outside of Columbus， Georgia，
when his riding partner， Chris Dixon， 41 abruptly.Something in
the distance had caught her attention.It 42 to be a sandy-colored five-
month-old Great Dane mix.
The cyclists fed the friendly pup and 43 their water.They were
more than seven miles from downtown and riding bikes.However， they
couldn’t leave the dog behind with its ribs （肋骨） showing and a hind
leg 44 .
Little soon got an idea.He carefully 45 his new friend and
slipped the 38-pound dog’s hind legs into the back pockets of his cycling
shirt.Then he hung the dog’s front paws over his 46 .So badly
injured was the dog that he wasn’t 47 at all.He was kind of loving
their touch.
The 30 48 ride into town ended at a bike store， where they got
more water and food for the dog.That was when Andrea Shaw， a lawyer
from Maine in town on business， 49 to walk by.The dog made a
beeline for her， licking and “loving on her”.Shaw was 50 and，
after learning what had happened， declared her intention，“I
am 51 this dog.”
Shaw named him Columbo 52 the town where they’d met
and 53 an operation on his broken leg.Today， Columbo is living
the 54 life on a farm with a horse， a pony， and a six-year-old boy
to keep him 55 .He is literally the luckiest dog alive.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。狗狗Columbo在路上受伤，被31岁的
砖混企业老板Jarrett Little和同伴Chris Dixon在骑行途中救助，并碰
巧遇到律师Andrea Shaw，最后狗狗被Andrea Shaw收养，现在在农
场上过着自由自在的生活。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。狗狗Columbo在路上受伤，被31岁的
砖混企业老板Jarrett Little和同伴Chris Dixon在骑行途中救助，并碰
巧遇到律师Andrea Shaw，最后狗狗被Andrea Shaw收养，现在在农
场上过着自由自在的生活。
41. A. sped B. turned
C. stopped D. backed
解析： 根据下文Something in the distance had caught her
attention.可知，此处是指Chris Dixon突然停了下来。
42. A. claimed B. proved
C. pretended D. seemed
解析： 此处是指事实证明这是一只5个月大的沙土色大丹
混血狗。
43. A. drank B. spilt C. boiled D. shared
解析： 根据上文fed the friendly pup可知，此处是指给小狗分
享他们的水。
44. A. destroyed B. broken
C. gone D. bandaged
解析： 根据上文with its ribs （肋骨） showing可知，此处是指
这只狗的后腿断了。
45. A. picked up B. cheered up
C. swept up D. straightened up
解析： 根据下文slipped the 38-pound dog’s hind legs into
the back pockets of his cycling shirt可知，此处是指他小心地
抱起这只狗。
46. A. chest B. waist
C. head D. shoulders
解析： 根据上文hung the dog’s front paws over可知，此处是
指他把狗的前爪搭在他的肩上。
47. A. fighting B. breathing
C. weeping D. walking
解析： 根据下文He was kind of loving their touch.可知，此处
是指狗根本就不挣扎。
48. A. seconds B. minutes
C. hours D. days
解析： 根据ride into town可知，此处是指进城30分钟的路程。
49. A. arranged B. meant
C. happened D. wanted
解析： 根据下文The dog made a beeline for her， licking and
“loving on her”.可知，此处是指Andrea Shaw碰巧路过。happen
to do sth意为“碰巧做某事”。
50. A. distracted B. fascinated
C. angered D. defeated
解析： 根据下文Shaw named him Columbo可知，此处是指
Shaw被深深吸引了，要收养这只狗。
51. A. keeping B. adapting
C. checking D. employing
解析： 参见上题解析。
52. A. in B. outside C. after D. on
解析： name ...after ...意为“以……为……命名”。
53. A. prevented B. performed
C. underwent D. scheduled
解析： 根据an operation on his broken leg可知，此处是指为狗
安排手术。
54. A. distant B. critical C. high D. long
解析： 此处是指Columbo在农场里过着奢华的生活，自由
自在。
55. A. company B. assistance
C. healthy D. close
解析： 此处是指有一匹马、一匹小马和一个六岁的男孩陪伴
着它。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Cold Dew， the 17th solar term of the year， begins usually in
October.At this time， there are some interesting 56.
（phenomenon） you need to know.
Not only do temperatures drop significantly， but also rainfall
57. （reduce）.When the cold air encounters autumn
rain， it turns into misty rain or fog.When the humidity is high，
58. （fog） regions form in many areas of China.
People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes
sense.That’s 59. temperatures decrease quickly and
sunshine doesn’t reach deep water thoroughly.Fish swim to shallow
water areas 60. the water temperature is 61.
（relative） high.
Pomegranates （石榴） are ripe during Cold Dew， releasing a
sweet scent.With their exquisite beauty， flavor and colour，
pomegranates never fail to attract people and have been cherished for
centuries also for 62. （they） health benefits and anti-
aging benefits.
Chrysanthemum （菊花） is the iconic flower of Cold
Dew.63. （prevent） autumn dryness， many regions in
China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine， which is
thought to boost heart health by strengthening blood vessels and
64. （stimulate） blood flow.
During Cold Dew， North China takes on a look of late autumn with
white clouds， red leaves and early frost.People often climb hills with
cornels （茱萸） 65. the day of the Double Ninth
Festival， aiming to dispel evils.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个节气——寒
露。
56. phenomena 考查名词复数。根据some可知，此处应用可数名词
phenomenon的复数。故填phenomena。
57. is reduced 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，
这里要用被动语态；由上文do可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时，
主语是不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填is
reduced。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个节气——寒
露。
58. foggy 考查词形转换。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词
regions。故填foggy。
59. because 考查表语从句。根据句意可知，空处表示“因为”，应
用引导词because引导表语从句。故填because。
60. where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是shallow
water areas，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
61. relatively 考查词形转换。空处应用副词作状语，修饰形容词
high。故填relatively。
62. their 考查代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词作 health benefits的
定语。故填their。
63. To prevent 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空处为非谓语
动词。根据句意，此处表目的，应用动词不定式。位于句首，单词首
字母需大写。故填To prevent。
64. stimulating 考查非谓语动词。and表示并列，空处应与
strengthening形式保持一致，作介词by的宾语。故填stimulating。
65. on 考查介词。此处表示具体的某一天，应用介词on＋具体日
期。故填on。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2024·山东临沂十九中高二下期中）上周末你参加了校学生会
组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，
内容包括：
1. 活动的过程；
2. 收获与感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
参考范文：
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
Last weekend， I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants
Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union.
The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist， who taught us
about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.We
then went on a natural walk to observe and collect samples of different
plants.Throughout the event， I was struck by the incredible variety of
plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for
medical purposes， as well as those that provide food and shelter for
animals.I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in
maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
Overall， it was a valuable and enriching experience.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·辽宁名校联盟高二下月考）Kim’s family moved
frequently from one place to another due to his father’s profession.Kim
had to start a new school every few years.Therefore， Kim’s school life
was terrible.He didn’t have any best friends.
One day， Kim went to his classmate Rocky’s home.As soon as
they entered the house， Rocky’s pet jumped on Rocky and started
licking his face.Rocky said， “My doggy loves me very much.Animals
can’t speak， but they have feelings， too.” His words were so touchy
that Kim thought about keeping a pet.
Kim talked with his mother.She was afraid of dogs.She said that if
Kim kept a dog at home， then it would be entirely his responsibility.The
real task for Kim was his father.They were pure vegetarian.His father
knew that animal needs meat for growth， which he never bought in the
market.Therefore， he said a clear no to Kim’s demand.
One day， Kim saw a puppy in the park， who was in pain because
of an injured ear.The puppy was weeping.Kim couldn’t stop himself and
took it home.He took good care of it and decided to keep it permanently at
home.When his father saw the dog， he scolded Kim， the little pup
sitting in the corner and listening to them.Since Kim requested him a lot，
finally， he agreed unwillingly.
Kim named that cute puppy Dooner.He trained Dooner and took care
of his food， water， and cleanliness.Dooner and Kim became good
friends.Everyone loved Dooner except Kim’s father.Every time his
father got home， Dooner would hide somewhere in the house.
Then the day came when the results of the examination were
declared.Kim failed in one subject， which made Kim’s father
disappointed.He scolded Kim and even blamed Dooner for Kim’s
failure.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dooner hid himself in the corner， listening to everything.
Although Dooner had left the house for several days， he decided
to pick up Kim’s father’s wallet on the ground of the market and
returned it.
参考范文：
Dooner hid himself in the corner， listening to everything.He felt the
tension in the air and understood that his presence was somehow connected
to Kim’s scolding.With a heavy heart， Dooner decided to leave to
prevent further trouble for Kim.That night， he quietly slipped out of the
house and into the darkness.Kim woke up the next morning to find Dooner
missing.He searched everywhere but found no trace of his beloved
pet.Days later， as Dooner roamed the streets， he stumbled upon
Kim’s father’s wallet lying on the ground at the market.
Although Dooner had left the house for several days， he decided to
pick up Kim’s father’s wallet on the ground of the market and returned
it.As he approached the house， he saw Kim’s father frantically
searching for something.Understanding the situation， Dooner carefully
placed the wallet at Kim’s father’s feet and barked to get his
attention.Surprised and grateful， Kim’s father picked up the wallet and
looked at Dooner with new-found respect.He realized that the dog was
more than just a pet； he was a loyal and intelligent companion.From that
day on， Kim’s father’s attitude towards Dooner changed， and he
welcomed him back into their home with open arms.
谢谢观看！
