Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.There are so many （缺陷） in our education system.
2.They spent an （巨大的） amount of time getting the engine into perfect condition.
3.It is （令人悲伤的） for him that he cannot see his children.
4.Thank you so much for your help — I hope one day I’ll be able to （报答） the compliment.
5.His mother’s death when he was aged six had a very （深切的） effect on him.
6.Possibly he was afraid that he might be （绑架） again.
7.Forgiveness shows maturity， common sense， （怜悯） and a noble character.
8.They do those things in secret， and their m is to get money illegally.
9.Mrs Bussman said she met a workman who r her husband the other day.
10.Judging from his a ， he must be from the south.
维度二：词形转换
1.John Fowles is a British （novel） who enjoys a popular fame in the contemporary literary arena.
2.The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his （grace） moves and jump.
3.As long as you keep practicing， you will improve your reading （comprehend）.
4.I could tell from his （express） that he was righteous.
5.She is a good woman， full of love and （tender）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Everyone can have their own way to success， as long as they （适应） their surroundings.
2.He （被宣判死刑） after solid evidence was collected.
3.To be honest， I don’t want anybody to help me （出于怜悯）.
4.Make sure the rope is firmly attached before you （试图爬） down it.
5. （对……着迷） the plots of the novel，the boy didn’t hear what his mother said.
6.Although we are temporarily isolated from the outside world， （但我们从来没有这么紧密联系过） in our community.
维度四：课文语法填空
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments， as they considered their predicament in silence， she very graceful， he very repulsive.How anyone could 1. （form） in such a way was beyond her comprehension.2. ，it was all so gentle that she gradually adapted to it.
Eventually he was the first 3. （break） the silence and he actually knew what she meant，but he didn’t know 4. to finish it.She could hear so significant an 5. （aware） of sadness from the accents of the unfortunate man that she had not the strength to utter a word.Quasimodo thought that he was something terrible，6. human nor beast，whilst she was a ray of sunshine， a drop of dew， a birdsong.He laughed， laughing at himself， which was the most heartbreaking sound in the world.
But she wanted to obtain his 7. （explain） why he would rescue her.He said he was the 8. （fortunate） man who attempted to kidnap her，the same person to whom she showed kindness when he was in trouble.A drop of water and a little pity were more than he could repay with his life.She might have forgotten it， but he 9. （remember） it forever.
She listened to him with profound tenderness.A tear 10. （swim） in his eye， but didn’t fall.He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·四川自贡一中高二下月考）Sitting in the classroom I felt confused， for I couldn’t read the blackboard.Then Mum took me to the hospital.Within a few days， I was diagnosed （诊断） with a severe visual impairment （视力障碍）.In fact， I was practically blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the age of 13 without anyone realizing， not even me！ “It all makes sense now，” Mum said.As a kid living on a farm， I was forever falling over things.I was known as the clumsy （笨拙） one to my parents and four sisters.But now， I was being told that I saw the world differently — I could only make out the outlines of things.I was given reading glasses but they didn’t help much.
Refusing to let my diagnosis hold me back， I continued doing everything I loved.As long as everything was in its place， I could feel my way around.
Later I got married to Lance and had amazing kids.I could change nappies （尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as I relied on touch to work out where things were.Cooking， on the other hand， was not my forte.I was terrible — always mixing up sugar and salt！
Nowadays， my grandkids have all been brought up not to leave toys on the floor or move chairs away from the table.“We don’t want Grandma tripping，” Lance will say.
Over the year， I’ve enjoyed lovely family holidays， but sometimes felt like Lance or the kids were too protective of me.So I was thrilled when I booked myself on a trip to the Gold Coast with people who were just like me in a travel company.I’m not missing out — my life is beautiful.I’m so lucky to have a wonderful family and lots of experiences.
Life is precious — you don’t need to “see” that.
1.What can we know from the first paragraph？（ ）
A.The reading glasses got the problem fixed.
B.She always tripped because she was awkward.
C.She got severe visual impairment at the age of 13.
D.Nobody realized her sight was poor until she was 13.
2.What does the underlined word “forte” in Paragraph 3 mean？（ ）
A.Weakness. B.Favourite.
C.Strength. D.Business.
3.What can we know about the author？（ ）
A.She is able to see things clearly now.
B.She led a lonely and hopeless life.
C.She could help care for the kids.
D.She went to the Gold Coast all by herself.
4.What can we learn from the author’s story？（ ）
A.We need to go to travel frequently on our own.
B.We should always turn to the family for help.
C.Everyone should pay special attention to the blind people.
D.Everyone can enjoy the beauty of life with a positive mind.
B
On 3 August 2020， a New Jersey schoolteacher named Julia Mooney put on a button-down dress and wore it to work.She wore it the next day and the next.In fact， she continued to wear that same dress for 100 days in a row.Julia wanted to get people — her middle school students， in particular — thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what she describes as a “culture of excess”， closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.
At first， Julia said nothing to her students about her experiment.There was no formal class discussion until several weeks later， at which point the students were responsive.Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do but not what we wear.“As they try to define themselves， the students are often identifying themselves with brands or outward things.Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is，” she said.
A quest for greater simplicity is partly what inspired Julia in the first place.On her website， she wrote that “spending a long time thinking and worrying about what to wear in the morning will be a thing of the past”.It also solved the problem of limited closet space in an old house.
If there was a tear （裂口）， Julia patched it with her sewing machine.She was careful with it so she wore an apron （围裙） to keep it clean — just like people did in years gone by.She washed the dress on weekends.
“The challenge I’m presenting is this： Let’s think before we buy it， wear it， throw it away and buy one again.Are we just perpetuating （使持续） a culture that defines us based on what we’re wearing rather than what we’re doing？ What if we spent our energy trying to be good interesting humans instead of trying to look good and interesting？” she said.
Julia herself is back to wearing pants to work， but the effect of the experiment lingers.She said， “I’m expressing my interest in the health of our planet and the people who occupy it， while channeling less of my energy into my wardrobe and more into loving my children， being patient with my students and embracing my day-to-day existence.”
5.Why did Julia Mooney wear the same dress continuously？（ ）
A.She liked that dress most.
B.She tried to save time and money.
C.She had to follow a fast-fashion trend.
D.She wanted to arouse people’s reflection.
6.Which word best describes the students’ attitude to the culture of judging people by their appearance？（ ）
A.Opposed. B.Indifferent.
C.Uncertain. D.Optimistic.
7.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4？（ ）
A.The aim Julia wanted to achieve.
B.The influence Julia was trying to exert.
C.Efforts Julia made to keep the plan going well.
D.Difficulties Julia encountered in carrying out the plan.
8.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（ ）
A.It is our responsibility to protect the Earth’s environment.
B.Julia is putting more energy into worthwhile things.
C.Julia doesn’t care what she wears every day.
D.People should be grateful for their daily lives.
C
（2024·辽宁新高考联盟高二下月考）Most able-bodied people take their ability to perform simple daily tasks for granted — when they reach for a warm cup of coffee， they can feel its weight and temperature and adjust their grasp accordingly so that no liquid is spilled.People with full sensory and motor control of their arms and hands can feel that they’ve made contact with an object the instant they touch or grasp it， allowing them to start moving or lifting it with confidence.
But those tasks become much more difficult when a person operates an artificial arm， let alone a mind-controlled one.
In a paper published in Science， a team of bio engineers from the University of Pittsburgh describe how adding brain stimulation that generates tactile （触觉的） sensations makes it easier for the operator to use a brain-controlled robotic arm.In the experiment， combining vision with artificial tactile feedback cut the time spent grasping and moving objects in half， from 20.9 to 10.2 seconds.
Study participant Nathan Copeland， who was left with limited use of his arms after a car crash， is the first person in the world who was implanted with tiny electrode arrays （电极阵列） in his brain.Arrays allow him to not only control the robotic arm with his mind， but also to receive tactile feedback.
In a series of tests， where Copeland was asked to pick up and move various objects from a table to a raised platform， providing tactile feedback through electrical stimulation allowed him to complete tasks twice as fast compared to tests without stimulation.
“Even though the sensation isn’t natural， that never bothers me，” said Copeland.
“When even limited and imperfect sensation is restored， the person’s performance improved in a pretty significant way.We still have a long way to go in terms of making the sensations more realistic and bringing this technology to people’s homes， but the closer we can get to recreating the normal inputs to the brain， the better off we will be，” said Robert Gaunt， co-senior author of the study.
9.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.The value of being healthy.
B.The importance of the sense of touch.
C.The simplicity of daily tasks.
D.The advantages of able-bodied people.
10.What’s the purpose of implanting the arrays into Copeland’s brain？（ ）
A.To allow him to feel the objects.
B.To improve his test performance.
C.To connect his senses of sight and touch.
D.To stimulate him to complete more tasks.
11.What can we learn from Robert Caunt’s words about the study？（ ）
A.It’s unreliable. B.It’s promising.
C.It’s perfect. D.It’s theoretical.
12.What’s the best title for the text？（ ）
A.Application of Biotechnology in Medical Care
B.Restoration of Lost Sensations Proves Possible
C.Development of Mind-Controlled Robotic Arms
D.Sense of Touch Improves Control of a Robotic Arm
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·江苏南京高二下月考）Life doesn’t always seem fair.Some people are just born with the ability to attract anyone they meet easily.Well， it might seem like a magical power， but actually there are various factors at work.13.（ ） The answer is： to a large extent， yes， you can.
But first， the bad news.People initially judge each other based purely on physical appearance.With just a glimpse of a face， people make snap judgments about each other’s likeability， trustworthiness and confidence.How should we deal with this？ 14.（ ） People perceive a smiling face as more trustworthy， warmer and sociable.It sounds like common sense， doesn’t it？ Smile and others will smile with you.
What other tricks might we have？15.（ ） Consequently， three things we can do to signal that we are not a threat： raise our eyebrows quickly， tilt （仰起） our heads slightly， and once again， to smile.
So we’ve looked at body language， but of course what you say is hugely important too， unless you want to just stand there grinning foolishly.The golden rule of friendship is if you make people feel good about themselves， they’re going to like you.In other words， you should not talk about yourself and all your wonderful achievements.16.（ ）
Finally， finding common ground is good to form a connection.Charming people are particularly skilled at seeking out shared interests or experiences to bond with others.Simple things like asking where someone’s from really can open up a discussion and allow you to find areas in common.And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most British of topics： the weather.17.（ ）
A.It can break the ice.
B.So， can you develop exceptional charm？
C.There’s one incredibly basic tool： your smile.
D.Alternatively， you need to display interest in them.
E.What effective strategies can we employ to become charming？
F.Our brains frequently scan the surroundings for signs of friend or enemy.
G.Mutual interests are the foundation for building connections with others.
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.defects 2.immense 3.heartbreaking 4.repay
5.profound 6.kidnapped 7.compassion 8.motive
9.resembled 10.accent
维度二
1.novelist 2.graceful 3.comprehension 4.expression 5.tenderness
维度三
1.adjust to
2.was sentenced to death
3.out of mercy
4.attempt to climb
5.Fascinated by
6.never have we been more connected
维度四
1.be formed 2.However 3.to break 4.whether
5.awareness 6.neither 7.explanation 8.unfortunate
9.remembered 10.swam
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Within a few days， I was diagnosed （诊断） with a severe visual impairment （视力障碍）.In fact， I was practically blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the age of 13 without anyone realizing， not even me！可知，在作者13岁被诊断出视力障碍之前，没有人意识到她的视力很差。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的I was terrible — always mixing up sugar and salt！可知，作者总是弄混糖和盐，因此她是不擅长烹饪的。由此推知，forte意为“长处”，与strength意思相近。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I could change nappies （尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as I relied on touch to work out where things were.可知，虽然作者视力不好，但是可以为孩子们换尿布以及穿衣服，因此是可以帮忙照顾孩子的。
4.D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者虽然有严重的视力障碍，但是这没有成为她生活的阻碍，她乐观地继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽，视力问题不妨碍她用心去体验生命。由此可知，作者的故事告诉我们，每个人都可以用积极的心态享受生命的美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情上。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，朱莉娅想让人们尤其是她的学生们用一种新的方式思考时尚，同时思考我们现在所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知，朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。
6.A 观点态度题。根据第二段内容可知，学生们对这个实验反应很积极，他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么而应关注人们做什么”，即“不要以貌取人”的观点，许多学生因可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知，学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的。
7.C 段落大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了保证衣服干净整洁，以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况，耐心对待学生，认真对待日常生活，把更多的精力投入更有意义、更有价值的事情上。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械手臂的效率。
9.B 段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段介绍了触觉的重要性。
10.A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句以及第四段最后一句可推知，植入电极阵列是为了让操作机械手臂的人能感受到物体。
11.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段Robert Gaunt说的话可推知，他认为该项研究是有前景的。
12.D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项生物科学技术成果，给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能后可提高使用者的操作效率。因此D项（触觉改善机械臂的控制）最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
13.B 根据下文The answer is： to a large extent， yes， you can.可知，空处应为一般疑问句，B项（所以，你能学会发展超人的魅力吗？）与下文衔接恰当。
14.C 根据上文How should we deal with this？可知，C项（有一个非常简单的工具：你的微笑）可以为这个问题给出具体的解决方法，同时衔接空后一句，说明微笑的好处。
15.F 下文具体介绍是友不是敌的信号表达，F项（我们的大脑会审视周围的环境寻找是敌是友的信号）可以和下文衔接恰当。
16.D 根据上文In other words， you should not talk about yourself and all your wonderful achievements.可知，D项（相反，你需要表现出对他们的兴趣）可以衔接上文，说明正确的做法是要关注对方。
17.A 根据上文And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most British of topics： the weather.可知，A项（这是一个很好的开始）可以承接上文，说明谈论天气是打开话题的好方法。
1 / 6Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Published① in 1831， The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells a tragic② story of events in Paris.Esmeralda’s beauty means that many men fall in love with her.One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap③ Esmeralda.But Quasimodo fails and is captured④ and tortured⑤ in public.Esmeralda hears his call for water， and steps forwards out of mercy⑥.She offers Quasimodo a drink of water， which saves him and also captures his heart.When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death⑦ for a crime she did not commit⑧， Quasimodo rescues her from⑨ an angry crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral.Esmeralda is safe from execution⑩ as long as she stays inside the cathedral...
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments， as they considered their predicament in silence， [1]she so graceful ， he so repulsive .Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo， as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back， from his hunched back to his single eye.[2]How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension .[3]Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it.
[1]此处为独立主格结构：代词＋形容词。
[2]本句为主从复合句。How引导主语从句。
[3]本句中so ...that ...引导结果状语从句。
He was the first to break the silence .“So you were telling me to return？”
She moved her head， and said， “Yes.”
He understood the motion of the head.“But！” he said， as though hesitating whether to finish，“I am — I am deaf.”
“Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda， with an expression of heartfelt compassion .
He began to smile sadly.
“You suppose that was all that I was missing， do you not？ Yes， I am deaf， that is the way I am made.It is horrible， is it not， next to your exquisite beauty！”
[4]There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.In any case ， he would not have heard her.He continued：
[5]“Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.When I compare myself to you， I feel an immense pity for myself， poor unfortunate monster that I am！ Be honest， to you I must resemble some savage creature.You， you are a ray of sunshine ， a drop of dew ， a birdsong， whilst I am something terrible， neither human nor beast.[6]I don’t know what I am， as I am coarser ， more downtrodden ， and plainer than a pebble ！”
[4]本句是由There引导的完全倒装句。
[5]Never位于句首，句子用部分倒装结构。
[6]本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句；as引导原因状语从句。
Then he began to laugh， and that laugh was the most heartbreaking sound in the world.He continued：
“Yes， I am deaf， but you shall talk to me with your hands as my master talks to me， and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips， from your expression.”
“Well！” she smiled， “Explain to me why you rescued me.”
He watched her intently while she was speaking.
“I understand，” he replied.“You ask me why I rescued you.[7]You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night， this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. A drop of water and a little pity — that is more than I can repay with my life.You have forgotten that unfortunate soul， but he remembers it.”
[7]who引导定语从句； to whom ...为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
【读文清障】
①publish v.出版
②tragic adj.悲惨的；悲剧的
③kidnap v.绑架；劫持
④capture v.捕获；俘虏
⑤torture v.拷打，拷问
⑥out of mercy 出于怜悯
⑦be sentenced to death
被判处死刑
⑧commit v.犯（罪）；做出（错事）
⑨rescue ...from ...
把……从……中拯救出来
⑩execution n.（尤指依法的）处死
still adj.静止的，安静的
predicament n.尴尬的处境
graceful adj.优美的，优雅的
repulsive adj.令人厌恶的
defect n.缺点，缺陷，毛病
knock knees n.膝外翻；X形腿
hunched adj.弓身的，弓背的
hunched back 驼背
single adj.单个的，单一的
comprehension n.理解（力）
beyond one’s comprehension
无法理解
comprehend v.理解
melancholy n.忧郁，无名的伤感
break the silence 打破沉默
motion n.（为传递信息用手或头做的）动作
hesitate v.犹豫不决
hesitation n.犹豫
exclaim v.（因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而）呼喊，惊叫
compassion n.怜悯；同情
exquisite adj.精美的，精致的
in any case 无论如何
compare ...to 与……比较
immense adj.巨大的
monster n.怪物
savage adj.野蛮的
a ray of sunshine 一束阳光
dew n.露水
a drop of dew 一滴露珠
coarse adj.粗的；粗糙的
downtrodden adj.被践踏的，受压迫的，遭蹂躏的
pebble n.卵石，小圆石，砾石
heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
intently adv.专心地；一心一意地
repay v.报答
She listened to him with profound tenderness .A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo， but did not fall.He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay .
（Adaptation from The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo）
profound adj.（感情）强烈的，深切的
tenderness n.柔情
keep sth at bay 阻止，遏制（令人不愉快的事物）
【参考译文】
巴黎圣母院
《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故事。埃斯梅拉达的美貌使无数男人为她倾倒。这些倾慕者中有一个人派驼背卡西莫多去绑架埃斯梅拉达。但卡西莫多失败了，在公共场合被捕并遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而生。她给卡西莫多递上水，这不仅拯救了他的生命，也俘获了他的心。后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外喧哗的人群中救下了她。只要她留在教堂内，就可以免于被处决的危险……
埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多许久没有动，默默地思考着自己的处境，一个是那样优美，一个是那么难看。每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现一些新的毛病。她难以理解一个人怎么能长得如此畸形。但他表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
他首先打破了沉默：“那么你是叫我回来吗？”
她点点头，答道：“是的。”
他明白点头的意思。“不过，”他说，似乎犹豫着要不要说下去，“我是……我是聋子。”
“可怜的人！”埃斯梅拉达喊道，发自内心地对他表示同情。
他苦笑起来。
“你觉得那就是我的所有缺陷，对不对？是啊，我是聋子，生来如此。真是可怕，不是吗？而你呢，却如此美丽！”
从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明，她没有勇气回答。何况即便回答，他也无法听到。他接着说道：
“我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。当我把自己同你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！说实话，你一定把我当成某种野兽了吧。你呀，你就像一束阳光，一滴露珠，像鸟鸣声，而我呢，却是一个可怕的东西，不像人也不像兽。我不知道我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗硬、受压迫、不显眼！”
然后他笑了起来，那是世界上最痛心的笑声。他接着说道：
“是啊，我是聋子。但你可以用手势对我讲话，就像我的主人跟我说话那样。这样，从你的口型和你的表情，我很快就能明白你的意思。”
“好啊！”她微笑着说道，“告诉我你为什么要救我。”
“我明白了，”他回答道，“你问我为什么要救你。你忘了，有一天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。我即使为你赴汤蹈火，也报答不了那滴水和你的怜悯之心。你已经忘记那个不幸的人了，他却还记着你的恩情。”
她带着满心温柔听完他的话。一滴泪珠在卡西莫多的眼眶里滚动，却没有落下来。似乎不让眼泪落下来，他就可以维护自己的尊严。
（改编自维克多·雨果的《巴黎圣母院》）
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.From the introduction of the novel， what kind of person do you think Esmeralda is？（ ）
A.Cruel. B.Evil.
C.Kind. D.Ugly.
2.Why did Quasimodo save Esmeralda？（ ）
A.To kidnap her.
B.To repay her kindness.
C.To enjoy her beauty.
D.To make her moved.
3.How did Quasimodo know what Esmeralda said？（ ）
A.By her lips and expression.
B.By her way to move.
C.By her daily activities.
D.By her eyes and movements.
4.What can we learn about Quasimodo from the text？（ ）
A.Although ugly， he is kind to some degree.
B.He is ugly and eager to get sympathy from others.
C.He is not only ugly but cruel to others.
D.He is neither human nor beast.
第三步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
Why did Quasimodo rescue Esmeralda？
第四步：析难句表达升级
1.Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo， as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back，from his hunched back to his single eye.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。as引导 从句。
自主翻译
2.Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.
句式分析 本句为 句。表示否定意义的词置于句首，句子用部分倒装。
自主翻译
3.I don’t know what I am， as I am coarser， more downtrodden， and plainer than a pebble！
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。what引导 从句；as引导 从句。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
out of mercy 出于怜悯
【教材原句】 Esmeralda hears his call for water， and steps forwards out of mercy.
埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而生。
【用法】
（1）mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
show mercy to sb/have mercy on sb 怜悯某人
without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地
at the mercy of 任……处置，任由……摆布
（2）merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的
be merciful to 对……慈悲
【佳句】 He didn’t want anybody to help him out of mercy.他不想任何人出于怜悯来帮助他。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She is such a kind woman that she is even （mercy） to the beggars.
②We are supposed to show mercy the disabled.
【写美】 补全句子
③Without a sure supply of water，farming in that area remains .
没有可靠的水源供应，该地区的农业生产受天气控制。
be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
【教材原句】 When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime she did not commit， Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral.
后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外喧哗的人群中救下了她。
【用法】
（1）sentence sb to death 判某人死刑
（2）announce sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
serve one’s sentence 服刑
【佳句】 When he was found guilty of the serious crime， he was sentenced to death.
当他被发现犯有严重罪行时，他被判处死刑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Anyone charged with killing rare animals will be sentenced death in five days.
【写美】 补全句子
②The judge will the criminal tomorrow.
法官明天将对那个罪犯宣布判决。
attempt to do sth 试图做某事
【教材原句】 You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night ...
你忘了，有一天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你……
【用法】
（1）attempt v. 尝试；企图
n. 努力；尝试；企图
attempt sth 尝试某事
make an attempt to do sth/at doing sth 努力做某事；试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
（2）attempted adj. （犯罪等）未遂的
【佳句】 What the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.
幸存者们试图去做的是为挽救他们生命的英雄们建一座纪念碑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He attempted （compete） for the chairman of the Students’ Union.
②She accidentally knocked over the box an attempt to get closer.
【写美】 一句多译
③这个年轻演员试图给观众留下深刻印象，但是没能成功。
→The young actor the audience but failed.（attempt v.）
→The young actor the audience but failed.（attempt n.）
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：过去分词短语作状语
【教材原句】 Published in 1831，The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells a tragic story of events in Paris.《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故事。
【用法】
（1）过去分词短语作状语表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等，可以转化为相应的状语从句。
（2）过去分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，并且与其存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
【品悟】 Faced with difficulties， they never give up but try their best to find a way out.
当面临困难时，他们从不放弃，而是尽最大努力寻找出路。
【写美】 微写作
①听到楼下的吵闹声，她走出家门，后面跟着她的小女儿。（动作描写）
Hearing the noise downstairs， she walked out of the house， .
②受到叔叔的鼓励，他答应在国外努力学习，不辜负家人的期望。（告知信）
， he promised to study hard abroad and live up to his family’s expectations.
句型公式：表示否定意义的词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
【用法】
（1）never， seldom， rarely， little， hardly， no sooner等表示否定意义的副词（词组）位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
（2）“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
（3）在so/such ...that结构中，so或such放在句首时，so或such后面部分用部分倒装。
（4）“so/neither （nor）＋助动词＋主语”表示前者提出的肯定/否定情况也适用于后者。
（5）not only ...but also句型中，当not only位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，but also引导的句子不倒装。
（6）当if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had， were， should时，可将if省略，并把had， were或should移到主语之前。
【品悟】 Rarely did he raise his voice to anyone， and never did he argue with his wife.他很少对别人大声讲话，也从没和他的妻子吵过架。
【写美】 微写作
①只有我们言行一致，才能对所做的事情有作用。（主旨升华句）
Only when we match our words with actions in whatever we hope to accomplish.
②练中国功夫（kungfu）不仅能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。（邀请信）
Not only develop one’s character.
③有些人把满足自己的需求看得过于重要，把志愿者所做的一切视为理所当然。（投稿）
So much significance that they take everything volunteers have done for granted.
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.captured 2.mercy 3.death 4.sadness 5.rescued
第二步
1－4 CBAA
第三步
Only Esmeralda would take pity on him and bring water to Quasimodo’s lips who cried out for thirst.Esmeralda made him feel the warmth of the human heart for the first time.From then on， he put all his life and passion for Esmeralda.He would go through fire and water for her and sacrifice everything for her happiness.
第四步
1.时间状语
每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现一些新的毛病。
2.倒装
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
3.宾语 原因状语
我不知道我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗硬、受压迫、不显眼！
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①merciful ②to ③at the mercy of the weather
2.①to ②announce sentence on
3.①to compete ②in ③attempted to impress； made an attempt to impress/at impressing
重点句型解构
1.①followed by her little daughter ②Encouraged by his uncle
2.①can we make a difference ②can practicing Chinese kungfu build up one’s strength but also ③do some people attach to satisfying their own needs
8 / 8(共99张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Published① in 1831， The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells a tragic②
story of events in Paris.Esmeralda’s beauty means that many men fall in
love with her.One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap③
Esmeralda.But Quasimodo fails and is captured④ and tortured⑤ in
public.Esmeralda hears his call for water， and steps forwards out of
mercy⑥.She offers Quasimodo a drink of water， which saves him and
also captures his heart.When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death⑦ for a
crime she did not commit⑧， Quasimodo rescues her from⑨ an angry
crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral.Esmeralda is safe from
execution⑩ as long as she stays inside the cathedral...
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments， as they
considered their predicament in silence， [1]she so graceful ， he so
repulsive .Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in
Quasimodo， as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his
hunched back， from his hunched back to his single eye.[2]How
anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension
.[3]Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread
over all this that she gradually adjusted to it.
[1]此处为独立主格结构：代词＋形容词。
[2]本句为主从复合句。How引导主语从句。
[3]本句中so ...that ...引导结果状语从句。
【读文清障】
①publish v.出版
②tragic adj.悲惨的；悲剧的
③kidnap v.绑架；劫持
④capture v.捕获；俘虏
⑤torture v.拷打，拷问
⑥out of mercy 出于怜悯
⑦be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
⑧commit v.犯（罪）；做出（错事）
⑨rescue ...from ...把……从……中拯救出来
⑩execution n.（尤指依法的）处死
still adj.静止的，安静的
predicament n.尴尬的处境
graceful adj.优美的，优雅的
repulsive adj.令人厌恶的
defect n.缺点，缺陷，毛病
knock knees n.膝外翻；X形腿
hunched adj.弓身的，弓背的
hunched back 驼背
single adj.单个的，单一的
comprehension n.理解（力）
beyond one’s comprehension 无法理解
comprehend v.理解
melancholy n.忧郁，无名的伤感
He was the first to break the silence .“So you were telling me to
return？”
She moved her head， and said， “Yes.”
He understood the motion of the head.“But！” he said， as
though hesitating whether to finish，“I am — I am deaf.”
“Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda， with an expression of
heartfelt compassion .
He began to smile sadly.
“You suppose that was all that I was missing， do you not？ Yes， I
am deaf， that is the way I am made.It is horrible， is it not， next to
your exquisite beauty！”
[4]There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an
awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.In
any case ， he would not have heard her.He continued：
[5]“Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present
moment.When I compare myself to you， I feel an immense pity for
myself， poor unfortunate monster that I am！ Be honest， to you I
must resemble some savage creature.You， you are a ray of sunshine
， a drop of dew ， a birdsong， whilst I am something terrible，
neither human nor beast.[6]I don’t know what I am， as I am coarser
， more downtrodden ， and plainer than a pebble ！”
[4]本句是由There引导的完全倒装句。
[5]Never位于句首，句子用部分倒装结构。
[6]本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句；as引导原因状语
从句。
break the silence 打破沉默
motion n.（为传递信息用手或头做的）动作
hesitate v.犹豫不决
hesitation n.犹豫
exclaim v.（因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而）呼喊，惊叫
compassion n.怜悯；同情
exquisite adj.精美的，精致的
in any case 无论如何
compare ...to 与……比较
immense adj.巨大的
monster n.怪物
savage adj.野蛮的
a ray of sunshine 一束阳光
dew n.露水
a drop of dew 一滴露珠
coarse adj.粗的；粗糙的
downtrodden adj.被践踏的，受压迫的，遭蹂躏的
pebble n.卵石，小圆石，砾石
Then he began to laugh， and that laugh was the most heartbreaking
sound in the world.He continued：
“Yes， I am deaf， but you shall talk to me with your hands as my
master talks to me， and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the
movement of your lips， from your expression.”
“Well！” she smiled， “Explain to me why you rescued me.”
He watched her intently while she was speaking.
“I understand，” he replied.“You ask me why I rescued
you.[7]You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to
kidnap you one night， this same person to whom you showed kindness
when he was being punished. A drop of water and a little pity — that is
more than I can repay with my life.You have forgotten that unfortunate
soul， but he remembers it.”
[7]who引导定语从句； to whom ...为“介词＋关系代词”引导
的定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
intently adv.专心地；一心一意地
repay v.报答
She listened to him with profound tenderness .A tear swam in the
eye of Quasimodo， but did not fall.He seemed to make it a point of
honour to keep it at bay .
（Adaptation from The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo）
profound adj.（感情）强烈的，深切的
tenderness n.柔情
keep sth at bay 阻止，遏制（令人不愉快的事物）
【参考译文】
巴黎圣母院
《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故
事。埃斯梅拉达的美貌使无数男人为她倾倒。这些倾慕者中有一个人
派驼背卡西莫多去绑架埃斯梅拉达。但卡西莫多失败了，在公共场合
被捕并遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而
生。她给卡西莫多递上水，这不仅拯救了他的生命，也俘获了他的
心。后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母
院外喧哗的人群中救下了她。只要她留在教堂内，就可以免于被处决
的危险……
埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多许久没有动，默默地思考着自己的处境，
一个是那样优美，一个是那么难看。每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光
从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身
上发现一些新的毛病。她难以理解一个人怎么能长得如此畸形。但他
表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
他首先打破了沉默：“那么你是叫我回来吗？”
她点点头，答道：“是的。”
他明白点头的意思。“不过，”他说，似乎犹豫着要不要说下
去，“我是……我是聋子。”
“可怜的人！”埃斯梅拉达喊道，发自内心地对他表示同情。
他苦笑起来。
“你觉得那就是我的所有缺陷，对不对？是啊，我是聋子，生来
如此。真是可怕，不是吗？而你呢，却如此美丽！”
从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明，她
没有勇气回答。何况即便回答，他也无法听到。他接着说道：
“我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。当我把自己同你比较
时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！说实话，你
一定把我当成某种野兽了吧。你呀，你就像一束阳光，一滴露珠，像
鸟鸣声，而我呢，却是一个可怕的东西，不像人也不像兽。我不知道
我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗硬、受压迫、不显眼！”
然后他笑了起来，那是世界上最痛心的笑声。他接着说道：
“是啊，我是聋子。但你可以用手势对我讲话，就像我的主人跟
我说话那样。这样，从你的口型和你的表情，我很快就能明白你的意
思。”
“好啊！”她微笑着说道，“告诉我你为什么要救我。”
“我明白了，”他回答道，“你问我为什么要救你。你忘了，有
一天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。
我即使为你赴汤蹈火，也报答不了那滴水和你的怜悯之心。你已经忘
记那个不幸的人了，他却还记着你的恩情。”
她带着满心温柔听完他的话。一滴泪珠在卡西莫多的眼眶里
滚动，却没有落下来。似乎不让眼泪落下来，他就可以维护自己
的尊严。
（改编自维克多·雨果的《巴黎圣母院》）
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. From the introduction of the novel， what kind of person do you think
Esmeralda is？（ ）
A. Cruel. B. Evil.
C. Kind. D. Ugly.
2. Why did Quasimodo save Esmeralda？（ ）
A. To kidnap her. B. To repay her kindness.
C. To enjoy her beauty. D. To make her moved.
3. How did Quasimodo know what Esmeralda said？（ ）
A. By her lips and expression.
B. By her way to move.
C. By her daily activities.
D. By her eyes and movements.
4. What can we learn about Quasimodo from the text？（ ）
A. Although ugly， he is kind to some degree.
B. He is ugly and eager to get sympathy from others.
C. He is not only ugly but cruel to others.
D. He is neither human nor beast.
第三步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
Why did Quasimodo rescue Esmeralda？
Only Esmeralda would take pity on him and bring water to
Quasimodo’s lips who cried out for thirst.Esmeralda made him feel the
warmth of the human heart for the first time.From then on， he put all his
life and passion for Esmeralda.He would go through fire and water for her
and sacrifice everything for her happiness.
第四步：析难句表达升级
1. Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in
Quasimodo， as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his
hunched back，from his hunched back to his single eye.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。as引导 从句。
自主翻译
时间状语
每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿
移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现一些
新的毛病。
2. Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.
句式分析 本句为 句。表示否定意义的词置于句首，句子
用部分倒装。
自主翻译
倒装
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
3. I don’t know what I am， as I am coarser， more downtrodden， and
plainer than a pebble！
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。what引导 从句；as引导
从句。
自主翻译
宾语
原
因状语
我不知道我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗硬、受压
迫、不显眼！
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
out of mercy 出于怜悯
【教材原句】 Esmeralda hears his call for water， and steps forwards
out of mercy.
埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而生。
【用法】
（1）mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
show mercy to sb/have mercy on sb 怜悯某人
without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地
at the mercy of 任……处置，任由……摆布
（2）merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的
be merciful to 对……慈悲
【佳句】 He didn’t want anybody to help him out of mercy.他不想任
何人出于怜悯来帮助他。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She is such a kind woman that she is even （mercy） to
the beggars.
②We are supposed to show mercy the disabled.
merciful
to
【写美】 补全句子
③Without a sure supply of water，farming in that area remains
.
没有可靠的水源供应，该地区的农业生产受天气控制。
at the
mercy of the weather
be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
【教材原句】 When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime
she did not commit， Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside
the Notre-Dame Cathedral.
后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外
喧哗的人群中救下了她。
【用法】
（1）sentence sb to death 判某人死刑
（2）announce sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
serve one’s sentence 服刑
【佳句】 When he was found guilty of the serious crime， he was
sentenced to death.
当他被发现犯有严重罪行时，他被判处死刑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Anyone charged with killing rare animals will be sentenced death
in five days.
to
【写美】 补全句子
②The judge will the criminal tomorrow.
法官明天将对那个罪犯宣布判决。
announce sentence on
attempt to do sth 试图做某事
【教材原句】 You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted
to kidnap you one night ...
你忘了，有一天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你……
【用法】
（1）attempt v. 尝试；企图
n. 努力；尝试；企图
attempt sth 尝试某事
make an attempt to do sth/at doing sth 努力做某事；试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
（2）attempted adj. （犯罪等）未遂的
【佳句】 What the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial
to the heroes who saved their lives.
幸存者们试图去做的是为挽救他们生命的英雄们建一座纪念碑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He attempted （compete） for the chairman of the
Students’ Union.
②She accidentally knocked over the box an attempt to get closer.
in
to compete
【写美】 一句多译
③这个年轻演员试图给观众留下深刻印象，但是没能成功。
→The young actor the audience but failed.
（attempt v.）
→The young actor the
audience but failed.（attempt n.）
attempted to impress
made an attempt to impress/at impressing
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：过去分词短语作状语
【教材原句】 Published in 1831，The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells
a tragic story of events in Paris.
《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故事。
【用法】
（1）过去分词短语作状语表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴
随等，可以转化为相应的状语从句。
（2）过去分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，并且与其存
在逻辑上的动宾关系。
【品悟】 Faced with difficulties， they never give up but try their best
to find a way out.
当面临困难时，他们从不放弃，而是尽最大努力寻找出路。
【写美】 微写作
①听到楼下的吵闹声，她走出家门，后面跟着她的小女儿。（动
作描写）
Hearing the noise downstairs， she walked out of the house，
.
②受到叔叔的鼓励，他答应在国外努力学习，不辜负家人的期望。
（告知信）
， he promised to study hard abroad and live
up to his family’s expectations.
followed
by her little daughter
Encouraged by his uncle
句型公式：表示否定意义的词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present
moment.
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
【用法】
（1）never， seldom， rarely， little， hardly， no sooner等表示否定
意义的副词（词组）位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
（2）“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
（3）在so/such ...that结构中，so或such放在句首时，so或such后面
部分用部分倒装。
（4）“so/neither （nor）＋助动词＋主语”表示前者提出的肯定/否
定情况也适用于后者。
（5）not only ...but also句型中，当not only位于句首时，句子用部
分倒装，but also引导的句子不倒装。
（6）当if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had， were， should时，可将if省
略，并把had， were或should移到主语之前。
【品悟】 Rarely did he raise his voice to anyone， and never did he
argue with his wife.
他很少对别人大声讲话，也从没和他的妻子吵过架。
【写美】 微写作
①只有我们言行一致，才能对所做的事情有作用。（主旨升华句）
Only when we match our words with actions
in whatever we hope to accomplish.
②练中国功夫（kungfu）不仅能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。
（邀请信）
Not only
develop one’s character.
can we make a
difference
can practicing Chinese kungfu build up one’s strength but
also
③有些人把满足自己的需求看得过于重要，把志愿者所做的一切视为
理所当然。（投稿）
So much significance
that they take everything volunteers have done for granted.
do some people attach to satisfying their own
needs
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. There are so many （缺陷） in our education system.
2. They spent an （巨大的） amount of time getting the
engine into perfect condition.
3. It is （令人悲伤的） for him that he cannot see his
children.
defects
immense
heartbreaking
4. Thank you so much for your help — I hope one day I’ll be able
to （报答） the compliment.
5. His mother’s death when he was aged six had a very
（深切的） effect on him.
6. Possibly he was afraid that he might be （绑架）
again.
7. Forgiveness shows maturity， common sense， （怜
悯） and a noble character.
repay
profound
kidnapped
compassion
8. They do those things in secret， and their m is to get money
illegally.
9. Mrs Bussman said she met a workman who r her husband
the other day.
10. Judging from his a ， he must be from the south.
otive
esembled
ccent
维度二：词形转换
1. John Fowles is a British （novel） who enjoys a popular
fame in the contemporary literary arena.
2. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball
with his （grace） moves and jump.
3. As long as you keep practicing， you will improve your
reading （comprehend）.
4. I could tell from his （express） that he was righteous.
5. She is a good woman， full of love and （tender）.
novelist
graceful
comprehension
expression
tenderness
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Everyone can have their own way to success， as long as they
（适应） their surroundings.
2. He （被宣判死刑） after solid evidence
was collected.
3. To be honest， I don’t want anybody to help me
（出于怜悯）.
4. Make sure the rope is firmly attached before you
（试图爬） down it.
adjust
to
was sentenced to death
out of mercy
attempt to climb
5. （对……着迷） the plots of the novel，the boy
didn’t hear what his mother said.
6. Although we are temporarily isolated from the outside world，
（但我们从来没有这么紧密联系
过） in our community.
Fascinated by
never
have we been more connected
维度四：课文语法填空
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments， as they
considered their predicament in silence， she very graceful， he very
repulsive.How anyone could 1. （form） in such a way
was beyond her comprehension.2. ，it was all so gentle that
she gradually adapted to it.
be formed
However
Eventually he was the first 3. （break） the silence and
he actually knew what she meant，but he didn’t know 4. to
finish it.She could hear so significant an 5. （aware） of
sadness from the accents of the unfortunate man that she had not the
strength to utter a word.Quasimodo thought that he was something
terrible，6. human nor beast，whilst she was a ray of
sunshine， a drop of dew， a birdsong.He laughed， laughing at
himself， which was the most heartbreaking sound in the world.
to break
whether
awareness
neither
But she wanted to obtain his 7. （explain） why he
would rescue her.He said he was the 8. （fortunate）
man who attempted to kidnap her，the same person to whom she showed
kindness when he was in trouble.A drop of water and a little pity were
more than he could repay with his life.She might have forgotten it， but
he 9. （remember） it forever.
She listened to him with profound tenderness.A tear 10.
（swim） in his eye， but didn’t fall.He seemed to make it a point of
honour to keep it at bay.
explanation
unfortunate
remembered
swam
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·四川自贡一中高二下月考）Sitting in the classroom I felt
confused， for I couldn’t read the blackboard.Then Mum took me to the
hospital.Within a few days， I was diagnosed （诊断） with a severe
visual impairment （视力障碍）.In fact， I was practically
blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the age of 13 without anyone
realizing， not even me！ “It all makes sense now，” Mum said.As a
kid living on a farm， I was forever falling over things.I was known as the
clumsy （笨拙） one to my parents and four sisters.But now， I was
being told that I saw the world differently — I could only make out the
outlines of things.I was given reading glasses but they didn’t help much.
Refusing to let my diagnosis hold me back， I continued doing
everything I loved.As long as everything was in its place， I could feel
my way around.
Later I got married to Lance and had amazing kids.I could change
nappies （尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as I
relied on touch to work out where things were.Cooking， on the other
hand， was not my forte.I was terrible — always mixing up sugar and
salt！
Nowadays， my grandkids have all been brought up not to leave toys
on the floor or move chairs away from the table.“We don’t want
Grandma tripping，” Lance will say.
Over the year， I’ve enjoyed lovely family holidays， but
sometimes felt like Lance or the kids were too protective of me.So I was
thrilled when I booked myself on a trip to the Gold Coast with people who
were just like me in a travel company.I’m not missing out — my life is
beautiful.I’m so lucky to have a wonderful family and lots of
experiences.
Life is precious — you don’t need to “see” that.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视
力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了
孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣
赏世界的美丽。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视
力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了
孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣
赏世界的美丽。
1. What can we know from the first paragraph？（ ）
A. The reading glasses got the problem fixed.
B. She always tripped because she was awkward.
C. She got severe visual impairment at the age of 13.
D. Nobody realized her sight was poor until she was 13.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Within a few days， I was
diagnosed （诊断） with a severe visual impairment （视力障碍）.In
fact， I was practically blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the
age of 13 without anyone realizing， not even me！可知，在作者13
岁被诊断出视力障碍之前，没有人意识到她的视力很差。
2. What does the underlined word “forte” in Paragraph 3 mean？
（ ）
A. Weakness. B. Favourite.
C. Strength. D. Business.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的I was terrible —
always mixing up sugar and salt！可知，作者总是弄混糖和盐，因此
她是不擅长烹饪的。由此推知，forte意为“长处”，与strength意
思相近。
3. What can we know about the author？（ ）
A. She is able to see things clearly now.
B. She led a lonely and hopeless life.
C. She could help care for the kids.
D. She went to the Gold Coast all by herself.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I could change nappies
（尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as
I relied on touch to work out where things were.可知，虽然作
者视力不好，但是可以为孩子们换尿布以及穿衣服，因此是可
以帮忙照顾孩子的。
4. What can we learn from the author’s story？（ ）
A. We need to go to travel frequently on our own.
B. We should always turn to the family for help.
C. Everyone should pay special attention to the blind people.
D. Everyone can enjoy the beauty of life with a positive mind.
解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者虽然有严重的视力障
碍，但是这没有成为她生活的阻碍，她乐观地继续做喜欢的事情，
在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入
旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽，视力问题不妨碍她用心去体验生命。由
此可知，作者的故事告诉我们，每个人都可以用积极的心态享受生
命的美好。
B
On 3 August 2020， a New Jersey schoolteacher named Julia Mooney
put on a button-down dress and wore it to work.She wore it the next day
and the next.In fact， she continued to wear that same dress for 100 days
in a row.Julia wanted to get people — her middle school students， in
particular — thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what
she describes as a “culture of excess”， closets overflowing with clothes
far more than we need.
At first， Julia said nothing to her students about her
experiment.There was no formal class discussion until several weeks
later， at which point the students were responsive.Julia said that her
students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other
based on what we do but not what we wear.“As they try to define
themselves， the students are often identifying themselves with brands or
outward things.Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how
silly all of that really is，” she said.
A quest for greater simplicity is partly what inspired Julia in the first
place.On her website， she wrote that “spending a long time thinking
and worrying about what to wear in the morning will be a thing of the
past”.It also solved the problem of limited closet space in an old house.
If there was a tear （裂口）， Julia patched it with her sewing
machine.She was careful with it so she wore an apron （围裙） to keep it
clean — just like people did in years gone by.She washed the dress on
weekends.
“The challenge I’m presenting is this： Let’s think before we buy
it， wear it， throw it away and buy one again.Are we just perpetuating
（使持续） a culture that defines us based on what we’re wearing rather
than what we’re doing？ What if we spent our energy trying to be good
interesting humans instead of trying to look good and interesting？” she
said.
Julia herself is back to wearing pants to work， but the effect of the
experiment lingers.She said， “I’m expressing my interest in the health
of our planet and the people who occupy it， while channeling less of my
energy into my wardrobe and more into loving my children， being patient
with my students and embracing my day-to-day existence.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100
天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思
考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情
上。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100
天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思
考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情
上。
5. Why did Julia Mooney wear the same dress continuously？（ ）
A. She liked that dress most.
B. She tried to save time and money.
C. She had to follow a fast-fashion trend.
D. She wanted to arouse people’s reflection.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，朱莉娅想让人
们尤其是她的学生们用一种新的方式思考时尚，同时思考我们现在
所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知，朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子
是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。
6. Which word best describes the students’ attitude to the culture of
judging people by their appearance？（ ）
A. Opposed. B. Indifferent.
C. Uncertain. D. Optimistic.
解析： 观点态度题。根据第二段内容可知，学生们对这个实验
反应很积极，他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么
而应关注人们做什么”，即“不要以貌取人”的观点，许多学生因
可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知，
学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的。
7. What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4？（ ）
A. The aim Julia wanted to achieve.
B. The influence Julia was trying to exert.
C. Efforts Julia made to keep the plan going well.
D. Difficulties Julia encountered in carrying out the plan.
解析： 段落大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破
洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了
保证衣服干净整洁，以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚
和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。
8. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（ ）
A. It is our responsibility to protect the Earth’s environment.
B. Julia is putting more energy into worthwhile things.
C. Julia doesn’t care what she wears every day.
D. People should be grateful for their daily lives.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，朱莉娅关心地球的健
康状况，耐心对待学生，认真对待日常生活，把更多的精力投入更
有意义、更有价值的事情上。
C
（2024·辽宁新高考联盟高二下月考）Most able-bodied people take
their ability to perform simple daily tasks for granted — when they reach
for a warm cup of coffee， they can feel its weight and temperature and
adjust their grasp accordingly so that no liquid is spilled.People with full
sensory and motor control of their arms and hands can feel that they’ve
made contact with an object the instant they touch or grasp it， allowing
them to start moving or lifting it with confidence.
But those tasks become much more difficult when a person operates
an artificial arm， let alone a mind-controlled one.
In a paper published in Science， a team of bio engineers from the
University of Pittsburgh describe how adding brain stimulation that
generates tactile （触觉的） sensations makes it easier for the operator to
use a brain-controlled robotic arm.In the experiment， combining vision
with artificial tactile feedback cut the time spent grasping and moving
objects in half， from 20.9 to 10.2 seconds.
Study participant Nathan Copeland， who was left with limited use of
his arms after a car crash， is the first person in the world who was
implanted with tiny electrode arrays （电极阵列） in his brain.Arrays
allow him to not only control the robotic arm with his mind， but also to
receive tactile feedback.
In a series of tests， where Copeland was asked to pick up and move
various objects from a table to a raised platform， providing tactile
feedback through electrical stimulation allowed him to complete tasks
twice as fast compared to tests without stimulation.
“Even though the sensation isn’t natural， that never bothers
me，” said Copeland.
“When even limited and imperfect sensation is restored， the
person’s performance improved in a pretty significant way.We still have
a long way to go in terms of making the sensations more realistic and
bringing this technology to people’s homes， but the closer we can get to
recreating the normal inputs to the brain， the better off we will be，”
said Robert Gaunt， co-senior author of the study.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成
果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶
段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械
手臂的效率。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成
果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶
段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械
手臂的效率。
9. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A. The value of being healthy.
B. The importance of the sense of touch.
C. The simplicity of daily tasks.
D. The advantages of able-bodied people.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段介绍
了触觉的重要性。
10. What’s the purpose of implanting the arrays into Copeland’s
brain？（ ）
A. To allow him to feel the objects.
B. To improve his test performance.
C. To connect his senses of sight and touch.
D. To stimulate him to complete more tasks.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句以及第四段最后一
句可推知，植入电极阵列是为了让操作机械手臂的人能感受到
物体。
11. What can we learn from Robert Caunt’s words about the study？
（ ）
A. It’s unreliable. B. It’s promising.
C. It’s perfect. D. It’s theoretical.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段Robert Gaunt说的话可推
知，他认为该项研究是有前景的。
12. What’s the best title for the text？（ ）
A. Application of Biotechnology in Medical Care
B. Restoration of Lost Sensations Proves Possible
C. Development of Mind-Controlled Robotic Arms
D. Sense of Touch Improves Control of a Robotic Arm
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项生物
科学技术成果，给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能后可提高使用者
的操作效率。因此D项（触觉改善机械臂的控制）最适合作文
章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·江苏南京高二下月考）Life doesn’t always seem
fair.Some people are just born with the ability to attract anyone they meet
easily.Well， it might seem like a magical power， but actually there are
various factors at work.13.（ ） The answer is： to a large extent，
yes， you can.
But first， the bad news.People initially judge each other based
purely on physical appearance.With just a glimpse of a face， people
make snap judgments about each other’s likeability， trustworthiness
and confidence.How should we deal with this？ 14.（ ） People
perceive a smiling face as more trustworthy， warmer and sociable.It
sounds like common sense， doesn’t it？ Smile and others will smile
with you.
What other tricks might we have？15.（ ） Consequently，
three things we can do to signal that we are not a threat： raise our
eyebrows quickly， tilt （仰起） our heads slightly， and once again，
to smile.
So we’ve looked at body language， but of course what you say is
hugely important too， unless you want to just stand there grinning
foolishly.The golden rule of friendship is if you make people feel good
about themselves， they’re going to like you.In other words， you
should not talk about yourself and all your wonderful achievements.16.
（ ）
Finally， finding common ground is good to form a
connection.Charming people are particularly skilled at seeking out shared
interests or experiences to bond with others.Simple things like asking
where someone’s from really can open up a discussion and allow you to
find areas in common.And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most
British of topics： the weather.17.（ ）
A. It can break the ice.
B. So， can you develop exceptional charm？
C. There’s one incredibly basic tool： your smile.
D. Alternatively， you need to display interest in them.
E. What effective strategies can we employ to become charming？
F. Our brains frequently scan the surroundings for signs of friend or
enemy.
G. Mutual interests are the foundation for building connections with
others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引
别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引
人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引
别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引
人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
13. B 根据下文The answer is： to a large extent， yes， you can.可
知，空处应为一般疑问句，B项（所以，你能学会发展超人的魅力
吗？）与下文衔接恰当。
14. C 根据上文How should we deal with this？可知，C项（有一个非
常简单的工具：你的微笑）可以为这个问题给出具体的解决方法，同
时衔接空后一句，说明微笑的好处。
15. F 下文具体介绍是友不是敌的信号表达，F项（我们的大脑会审
视周围的环境寻找是敌是友的信号）可以和下文衔接恰当。
16. D 根据上文In other words， you should not talk about yourself and
all your wonderful achievements.可知，D项（相反，你需要表现出对
他们的兴趣）可以衔接上文，说明正确的做法是要关注对方。
17. A 根据上文And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most
British of topics： the weather.可知，A项（这是一个很好的开始）可
以承接上文，说明谈论天气是打开话题的好方法。
谢谢观看！
