(共14张PPT)
动词不定式
概说
动词不定式(to
do)是初中英语课的
一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。
动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，
很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，
掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定
式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆
。
动词不定式的主要用法
一、动词不定式在句子中不能独立充当谓语，
没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时
可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不
定式”(此时not不能再与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等
的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
主语：
常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。
例：To
go
in
for
sports
helps
you
stay
fit.
It
helps
you
stay
fit
to
go
in
for
sports.
注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，
逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind，nice，
good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等
表示性格品质评价的形容词。
例：It’s
right
of
him
to
refuse
the
invitation.
(him为逻辑主语)
点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，除了直接作
主语外，常放在：
It
is
＋adj．（形容词）＋to
do
sth．或
It
is
＋n．（名词）＋to
do
sth．句型中，
it仅作形式主语。
动
词
宾
语
此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例：would
you
like
to
see
my
photos
Kevin
planned
to
visit
his
uncle.
类似用法的词还有：
start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide
agree，love，like
，hate
，prefer等。
I
found
it
very
difficult
to
get
a
job.(it为形式宾语)
点击规律：这些动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思
区别不大
提示板：like
doing指经常性动作，而like
to
do指一次性的动作。
I
like
swimming，but
I
don’t
like
to
swim
now．
我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。
stop，forget，remember，go
on
，try等词或短语后面可以
接不定式。
点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
提示板：
1）stop
to
do
sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。
stop
doing
sth．：停止正在做的事。
例句：
When
the
teacher
came
in，the
students
stopped
talking；
当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；
when
he
came
out，the
students
stopped
to
talk．
当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。
2）思考：forget，remember，go
on，try等词或短语后面接
不定式和动名词用法有何区别？
点击规律：在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to
do
sth．句型中，it是
形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：
The
man
downstairs
found
it
difficult
to
get
to
sleep．
I
feel
it
easy
to
recite
the
text．
点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，
又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造
句子加以区分，如上页的stop例句。
表
语
放在连系动词be后面
例句：His
wish
is
to
become
a
scientist．
Our
duty
is
to
protect
the
enviroment.
The
first
important
thing
is
to
save
the
soldiers’
lives．
当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。
点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系
动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。
返回
定
语
动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词
、代词的后面。例：
He
is
the
first
person
to
sail
around
the
world.
I
have
a
lot
of
work
to
do．
The
doctor
said
he
could
do
nothing
to
help
the
boy．
点击规律：动词不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词、
代词之后。
提示板：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，
且动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉后面的介词。如：
I
have
a
small
bedroom
to
live
in．
Have
you
got
some
pens
to
write
with？
作
状
语
a．目的状语：放在go，come，use，live，in
order等词后面。
如：
I
come
to
see
you．
He
runs
fast
in
order
to
get
there
in
time．
They
brought
in
photos
of
their
families
for
me
to
look
at
b．原因状语：放在sorry，glad，surprised，
disappointed，
excited等词后面。（有些资料上把这类称为不定式在
表示心理、情感、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明，
作形容词补足语）如：
I
am
glad
to
see
you
here．
I
am
sorry
to
trouble
you．
c．作结果状语。如：
Some
of
the
apples
are
hard
to
reach．
The
room
is
large
enough
to
hold
1000
people．
返回
宾 语 补 足 语
(1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to：
tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，
help，get，wish，等词后面常接不定式作宾补。例：
I
tell
him
not
to
go
there
by
bus
．
(2)在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see，watch，hear，feel，
make，let，have，
observe，
notice，
help等)后
不带to
的不定式作宾补。如：
The
boss
makes
them
work
16
hours
a
day．
提示板：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。
如：
They
are
made
to
work
16
hours
a
day
by
the
boss．
“疑问词＋不定式”用法
不定式前可带what，who，which，where，when，how,
whose，等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、
主语等。例：
He
didn’t
tell
me
where
to
go.
(直宾)
I
don’t
know
what
to
say
now.(宾语)
I
don't
know
what
to
do
next．（宾语）
He
taught
us
how
to
use
the
computer．（宾语补足语）
It's
still
a
question
how
to
get
there．（主语）
在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被动语态一般式(to
be+过去分词)”
例：There
are
twenty
more
trees
to
be
planted.
根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1．Would
you
like_____（go）shopping
with
me？
2．It
took
us
half
an
hour_____（work）out
the
problem．
3．He
is
old
enough_____（join）the
army．
4．I
feel
strange_____（have）a
twin
sister．
5．They
prefer_____（stay）at
home
rather
than
go
out．
6．We
saw
them_____（come）into
the
room
just
now．
7．I
am
sorry．I
forgot_____（tell）you
the
news．
8．His
plan
is_____（spend）a
few
days
in
the
mountains．
9．Have
you
decided
which
one_____（choose）？
10．Do
you
know
when_____（start）？
11．He
is
too
weak_____（carry）the
big
stone．
to
go
宾语
to
work
主语
to
join
结果状语
to
have
形容词补足语(原)
to
stay
宾语
to
come
宾补
to
tell
宾语
to
spend
表语
to
choose
定语
to
start
不定式短语作宾语
to
carry
结果状语
Thank
you!(共14张PPT)
Lesson
34
Flying
Donuts
transportations
Think
about
it!
What
kinds
of
transportation
can
you
name
Imagine
a
new
type
of
transportation.
Describe
it!
1.
What’s
Danny’s
invention
2.
What
is
Danny
going
to
do
3.Why
did
Danny
go
to
bed
late
last
night
Discuss
it!
4.
How
many
donuts
did
Danny
buy
5.
What
do
the
donuts
do
6.
Do
you
think
Danny’s
invention
really
work
Language
points
短语on
the
way
to…
1)
On
the
way
to
school
,he
bought
ten
donuts
.
2)
On
the
way
home
,he
was
happy
.
there
1)
I
put
ten
donuts
in
there.
(名词)
2)
When
you
get
there
,please
call
me
.
(副词)
3.
Put
on
与be
in
,
wear
的用法。
1）
put
on
/take
off表示动作。
I
put
on
my
coat
.
2)
be
in,wear
表示状态。
You
are
wearing
a
red
coat
.
You
are
in
a
red
coat
.
Sum
up
language
points
1.
think的用法
2.
with的多种用途
3.
put
on/take
off
与
wear,
be
in的用法
4.
make的用法
5.
on
the
way
to的用法
6.
there的用法
You
can
eat
when
you
get
hungry.
1.
2.
情态动词+动词原形
would
you
like
to
do
sth
I
would
like
to
do
sth.
Exercises
4.This
kind
of
fuel
can
make
it
faster.
A.
go
B.
to
go
C.
going
D.
went
5.Jim
passed
the
exam
my
help.
A.
of
B.
from
C.
with
D.
for
6.We
are
in
class.
You’d
better
not
.
A.
talk
B.
talking
C.
talked
D.
to
talk
7.It
Jack
20
minutes
the
problem.
A.
took,to
work
out
B.
takes
working
out
C
A
A
A
Homework
1.Get
ready
for
your
action.
2.Prepare
for
lesson
35.
Thank
you!Unit
6
Lesson
34
Flying
Donuts
教案
Ⅰ.
Teaching
Content
Oral
words
and
expressions:
fuel,
imagination.
Ⅱ.
Teaching
Aims
1.
Stimulate
students’
learning
interests.
2.
Cultivate
student
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s’
listening
by
catching
the
useful
information
in
the
listening
process.
Ⅲ.
Teaching
Important
Points
1.
Encourage
students’
to
increase
creative
ability.
2.
Why
is
the
invention
called
“flying
donuts”.
Ⅳ.
Teaching
Difficult
Points
What’s
the
theory
of
an
invention
Ⅴ.
Teaching
Preparation
Pictures.
Ⅵ.
Teaching
Aids
Audiotape,
flashcards,
pictures.
Ⅶ.
Type
of
lesson
New
lesson.
Ⅷ.
Teaching
Procedures
Step1.
Play
a
game:
Let
some
students
expl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain
it
in
English,
while
the
others
guess
what
it
is.
You
must
say
the
transportation.
For
example:
A
transporter
is
v
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ery
long.
It
can
hold
many
people
in
it.
It
can
also
take
goods.
What
is
it
Step2.
Listen
to
the
tape
and
answer
the
following
questions:
1.
What
is
Danny’s
invention
made
of
2.
Why
is
it
called
“Flying
Donuts”
3.
Will
Danny’s
invention
really
work
Step3.
Read
the
tex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
and
check
the
answers.
Then
listen
to
the
tape
again
and
read
after
it
for
several
times.
Step4.
Ask
the
stude
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts
to
read
the
text
in
roles.
Then
act
the
dialogue
in
front
of
the
class.
Step5.
Make
sente
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nces
with
the
following
language
points:
on
the
way
to
school,
turn
on,
at
the
front
of.
Step6.
Let’s
come
to
“PROJECT”.
Divide
the
class
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nto
small
groups
of
three
of
four
students.
Each
group
chooses
a
type
of
transportation
for
the
students.
Instruct
students
to
begin
collecting
information
about
that
type
of
transportation.
They
will
prepare
a
comic
strip
or
timetable
of
important
dates
in
its
development.
Groups
present
thei
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
work
to
the
class.
Depending
on
class
size
and
the
length
of
presentations,
you
may
wish
to
divide
up
the
class.
Groups
would
then
present
their
projects
to
one
portion
of
the
class.
If
the
project
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
cannot
be
finished
in
one
class,
it
can
be
continued
in
the
next
lesson.
Ⅸ.
Homework
1.
Finish
off
the
activity
book.
2.
Go
on
the
next
reading
in
the
student
book.Unit
6
Lesson
34
Flying
Donuts
习题
2
一、根据句意及首字母填空。
1.
Xiao
Ming
has
t____
of
a
great
machine.
2.
The
new
i____
will
benefit
about
a
number
of
people.
3.
The
box
is
made
of
c____,
it’s
strong
enough
to
hold
the
steel.
4.
Tom
left
his
b____
in
classroom,
he
just
went
back
to
fetch
it.
5.
Mr.
Wang
is
going
to
make
a
p____
in
the
presence
of
his
boss.
6.
Mike
often
locks
himself
at
home
to
make
his
i____.
7.
We
cannot
live
without
f____.
8.
P____
Henry
has
already
found
the
solution
to
the
problem.
9.
We
are
out
of
o____,
so
we
can’t
cook
tonight.
二、英译汉。
1.
Last
night,
Danny
stayed
up
late
to
make
his
invention.
___________________________________________________
2.
Now
Danny
is
standing
at
the
front
of
the
classroom.
___________________________________________________
3.
Will
Danny
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s
invention
really
work
Probably
not,
but
he
had
fun,
and
he
used
his
imagination!
___________________________________________________
4.
Danny
has
thought
of
a
new
kind
of
transportation.
___________________________________________________Unit
6
Lesson
34
Flying
Donuts
习题
1
一、选择。
1.
Hello,
Mr.
Black!
Can
you
____
your
presentation
to
us
now
A.
paint
B.
make
C.
have
D.
get
2.
There
is
a
big
desk
____
our
classroom.
A.
in
front
B.
in
the
front
C.
in
front
of
D.
in
the
front
of
3.
Luna
has
a
new
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ought
of
computer,
she
wants
to
give
a
presentation
____
it
to
her
class.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
at
D.
to
4.
What
do
you
think
of
Jill’s
suggestion
Will
it
_______
A.
come
B
.use
C.
work
D.
go
5.
On
my
way
_______school,
I
found
a
pen.
A.
of
B.
from
C.
/
D.
to
二、根据括号中给出单词的正确形式填空。
1.
He
has
____
(think)
of
a
new
way.
2.
He
is
going
to
make
his
____
(present)
to
the
class.
3.
Last
night,
he
____
(go)
to
bed
late.
4.
I
would
like
to
____
(presentation)
my
invention.
5.
His
invention
won’t
____
(real)
work.
6.
He
has
fun
and
he
____
(use)
his
imagination.
7.
It’s
____
(call)
Flying
Donuts
.
8.
It
will
make
the
rockets
____
(go).(共17张PPT)
1.
How
do
you
usually
come
to
school
2.
If
you
want
to
another
city
,
how
do
you
go
there
Why
3.
Do
you
know
what
transportation
people
will
use
in
the
future
1.What
did
Danny
invent
2.What’s
its
name
3.What’s
it
made
of
A
new
kind
of
transportation.
Flying
Donuts
.
It’s
made
of
an
old
backpack,
two
cardboard
rockets,
some
donuts.
Flying
Donuts
4.What
do
the
donuts
do
5.How
far
does
Danny
think
one
donut
will
carry
him
6.Will
Danny’s
invention
really
work
The
donuts
are
the
fuel.
One
donut
will
carry
him
one
kilometre.
No
,
it
won’t.
1.
Last
night,
Danny
stayed
up
late
to
make
his
invention.
stay
up
late“熬夜；睡得很晚”，不及物动词短语。
●
Doctors
suggest
that
people
should
not
stay
up
late
even
on
holidays.
医生建议，即使在节假日人们也不应该熬夜。
2.
In
the
morning,
on
his
way
to
school,
he
bought
ten
donuts.
on
the
/
one’s
way
to
sp.
意为“在去……的路上”。
当表示地点的词
是副词时，则要省略to。
●
I
met
my
sister
on
my
way
to
the
station.
在去车站的路上，我遇到了我的姐姐。
●
Don’t
play
on
your
way
home.
不要在回家的路上玩耍。
3.
Now
Danny
is
standing
at
the
front
of
the
classroom.
in
front
of…“在……的前面”，指某一范围以外的前面。
at/in
the
front
of…“在……的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面。
●
Miss
Gao
is
standing
at
the
front
of
the
classroom.
高小姐站在教室的前面。
（指某一范围内的前面）
●
There
is
a
tall
tree
in
front
of
the
house.
房子前面有一棵大树。
（指某一范围以外的前面）
●
Let's
sit
in
the
front
of
the
bus.
我们坐在公共汽车的前部。（指某一范围内的前面）
4.
I
would
like
to
present
my
invention.
would
like
意为“想要”，后跟名词或动词不定式。
●
He
would
like
some
bananas.
他想要一些香蕉。
●
I
would
like
to
play
football
with
you.
我想跟你去踢足球。
5.
With
my
invention,
you
don’t
need
an
airplane
to
fly.
with
在这里的意思是“（表示手段或方法）以……，用……”。
●
We
walk
with
our
feet.
我们用脚走路。
●
We
write
with
pencial.
我们用铅笔写字。
①
with
意为“具有，带有”。
●
China
is
a
large
country
with
a
long
histiry.
中国是一个幅员辽阔、历史悠久的国家。
②
with
（表示伴随）意为“与……一道，同……一起”。
●
The
teacher
came
into
the
classroom
with
two
books
in
his
hand.
老师拿着两本书走进教室。
③
with
(表示原因或理由)
意为“因为，由于”。
●
He
has
made
some
progress
with
his
teacher’s
help.
在老师的帮助下，他取得了一些进步。
④
with
意为“在……身上，在……身边”。
●
Have
you
had
some
money
with
you
你身上带钱了吗？
with用法大本营
6.
First,
you
put
the
Flying
Donuts
bag
on
your
back.
Then
you
turn
it
on
and
jump
into
the
air.
(1)
First,……Then……
意为“首先……，然后……”。
●
First,
you
should
believe
yourself.
Then
you
can
make
the
others
believe
you.
首先，你应该相信你自己，然后才能使别人相信你。
●
First,
you
should
know
about
him
well.
Then
you
can
make
friends
with
him.
首先你应该很好地了解他，然后你才能和他交朋友。
(2)
turn
on
为固定短语，意为“打开（电器等）”。
●
Would
you
please
turn
on
the
TV
打开电视好吗？
●
The
room
is
too
dark.
Please
turn
on
the
light.
房间里太暗，请打开灯吧。
关于turn的短语
①
turn
off
意为“关（电器等）”。
②
turn
down
意为“把声音调小”。
③
turn
up
意为“把声音调大”。
④
turn
over意为“翻（页、身等）”。
⑤
turn
to意为“转向（某人而寻求帮助）”。
7.
To
go
ten
kilometres,
you
need
ten
donuts.
to
go
ten
kilometres
是不定式短语做目的状语，修饰（非）谓语动词，
表示动作或状态的目的。
●
His
grandma
came
to
see
him
last
Friday.
他祖母上周五来看他了。
为了强调目的状语，可以用in
order
to
+
v.
，可位于句首或句末。
●
In
order
to
catch
the
train,
I’ll
get
up
very
early
tomorrow
morning.
为了赶火车，我明早会很早起床。
8.
Do
other
types
of
food
make
the
rockets
go
make
在句中作使役动词，意为“使（让）……”，后跟动词原形作
宾语补足语。
●
Mother
made
me
clean
my
own
bedroom.
妈妈让我打扫自己的卧室。
●The
boss
makes
the
workers
work
ten
hours
a
day.
老板让工人们每天工作10个小时。
9.
Probably
not,
but
he
had
fun,
and
he
used
his
imagination!
probably”大概，很可能”，表示有根据的推测。
●
He
will
be
probably
free
then.
那时他可能有空。
●
This
is
probably
the
best
vacation
I’ve
ever
had.
这可能是我曾经度过的最好的假期。
1.
stay
up
late“熬夜；睡得很晚”，不及物动词短语。
2.
on
the
/
one’s
way
to
sp.
意为“在去……的路上”。
当表示地点的词
是副词时，则要省略to。
3.
in
front
of…“在……的前面”，指某一范围以外的前面。
at/in
the
front
of…“在……的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面。
4.
would
like
意为“想要”，后跟名词或动词不定式。
5.
with
的用法
