单元质量检测（六） Space and beyond
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman want？（ ）
A.A coffee. B.A salad. C.A pie.
2.Who will go to China next month？（ ）
A.Linda. B.Alice. C.Amy.
3.What will the man do at first？（ ）
A.Mail a letter. B.Meet his tutor. C.Do research.
4.Why does the man talk with the woman？（ ）
A.To plan a holiday. B.To book a hotel. C.To make a complaint.
5.What does the man think of his job？（ ）
A.Disappointing. B.Pretty good. C.Satisfying.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman plan to do this weekend？（ ）
A.Go climbing. B.Go shopping. C.Go swimming.
7.Who will move on Saturday？（ ）
A.The man. B.The man’s sister. C.The woman’s sister.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.How much is the rent for the house？（ ）
A.$200 a week. B.$200 a month. C.$400 a month.
9.What does the man say about the house？（ ）
A.It’s large. B.It’s convenient. C.It’s expensive.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the woman？（ ）
A.A teacher. B.A nurse. C.A worker.
11.What was the man doing when the woman called？（ ）
A.Talking to his son. B.Being in a meeting. C.Talking with his colleague.
12.What do we know about Tommy？（ ）
A.He was always feeling sleepy.
B.He kept talking aloud through the class.
C.He was sorry for using a phone in class.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What is probably the man？（ ）
A.A chemist. B.A dentist. C.A patient.
14.When does the woman have an appointment with Dr Williams？（ ）
A.This morning. B.At five o’clock. C.Next week.
15.What does the man suggest the woman do？（ ）
A.Wait for Dr Williams. B.Be cautious about her diet. C.Go to the dentist directly.
16.What will the man do to help the woman？（ ）
A.Give her what she wants. B.Ring Dr Williams for her. C.Make an appointment for her.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Why does the speaker come to the town？（ ）
A.To attend a meeting. B.To go on a holiday. C.To visit his old roommate.
18.Who is Ellie？（ ）
A.Tim’s wife. B.David’s wife. C.Tim’s daughter.
19.Where did David and the speaker go in 1994？（ ）
A.Columbus. B.Austria. C.Italy.
20.What is the speaker doing？（ ）
A.Giving parting advice. B.Leaving a voicemail message. C.Writing a greeting letter.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A recent landing on the moon has awakened or renewed people’s enthusiasm for the stars and space exploration. Here are four trip ideas to inspire those would-be astronauts and astronomers.
Kennedy Space Center， America
The NASA-operated Kennedy Space Center is a must for ambitious astronauts and space-lovers. Hands-on experiences range from live presentations delivered by astronauts to the new Astronaut Training Experience Center. Children aged 10 to 17 can experience spacewalking and exploring Mars.
North York Moors， England
As an International Dark Sky Reserve in the world， this lovely part of Yorkshire， England is host to the UK’s family-friendly National Parks Dark Skies festival. Well timed to the latter part of autumn half term in England， the festival includes bat-box making， evenings with winter birds and moonlit coastal walks.
Pic du Midi， France
There are few observatories where you can observe stars before retiring to a comfortable cabin and watch the sunrise. Getting to the Pic du Midi Observatory is also an adventure by itself， involving a ride on two cable-cars up to a 2，877-meter-high mountain. The guided astronomy sessions help kids discover Saturn （土星） and its rings via powerful telescopes.
Mount Teide， Spain
Home to the largest solar observatory in the world， it sits on Spain’s highest mountain. Ride the cable-car up for a scientist-led tour， which includes the chance to observe the Sun through hand-held solar telescopes. The special family tour includes an attractive 90-minute workshop exploring how observatory physicists carry out their research.
21.Which trip suits the teenagers expecting a face-to-face contact with astronauts？（ ）
A.Kennedy Space Center. B.North York Moors.
C.Mount Teide. D.Pic du Midi.
22.What can visitors do on a trip to Yorkshire？（ ）
A.Attend live presentations. B.Observe the rings of Saturn.
C.Enjoy the sea view at night. D.Learn about physicists’ work.
23.What do Pic du Midi and Mount Teide have in common？（ ）
A.They accommodate family tourists. B.They include a tour led by scientists.
C.They offer free hand-held telescopes. D.They are located on high mountains.
B
Earlier this year， I had a chance to go to space. I was really excited and made full preparations for it.
Finally， the day arrived. With all the noise， we lifted off. I could see Earth disappearing. As we ascended （上升）， I was at once aware of pressure. The force of gravity pulled at me. There was an instrument that told us how many g’s （重力加速度的倍数） we were experiencing. At two g’s， I tried to raise my arm， and I could barely do so. At three g’s， I felt my face being pushed down into my seat. I thought，“Will I pass out？ How many g’s can my ninety-year-old body deal with？” Suddenly， no g’s. Weightlessness. We were floating.
We got out of our safety belt and began to float around. And I got to the window as quickly as possible to see what was out there.
I looked down， and I could see the hole that our spaceship had left in the atmosphere. I continued my self-guided tour and turned my head to face the other direction， staring into space. I saw a cold， dark， black emptiness. It was unlike any blackness you can see or feel on Earth. My excitement disappeared， and I felt really down. I turned back toward the light of home. I could see the curvature （曲度） of the Earth， the white of the clouds and the blue of the sky. It was Mother Earth.
The contrast between the coldness of space and the warm nurturing of Earth below filled me with great sadness. In space， I had the strongest feeling ever that Earth is the only home we have. But we were doing many things that threatened our survival on Earth. I know we should devote ourselves to our planet and love all around us.
24.How did the author think of gradual changes in g’s？（ ）
A.He found he could raise arms easily.
B.He felt his face was pressed against the safety belt.
C.He thought he would pass out because he was too old.
D.He believed he could deal with the gravity for he was strong.
25.What did the author see when floating in space？（ ）
A.The black hole in space. B.A cold and white emptiness.
C.Other beautiful planets in space. D.The outline of the Earth with white clouds.
26.Which of the following best describes the author’s trip？（ ）
A.The author felt extremely lonely.
B.The author found the trip very boring.
C.The trip was inconsistent with the author’s expectation.
D.The trip filled the author’s fellows with depression.
27.What can we infer from the author’s trip to space？（ ）
A.We should live in harmony with aliens. B.We should value the Earth and protect it.
C.We should try to move to the other planets. D.We should consider escaping from the Earth.
C
Have you ever wondered how astronauts clean their clothes in space？ They wear their underclothes， and everything else， until they cannot take the dirt and smell anymore. Then， they throw them away.
NASA wants to change that. This would mean the end to throwing away lots of dirty clothes every year. Up to now， they simply had to put them with other waste in old supply ships to burn up in the atmosphere. NASA is working with the US company， Procter Gamble （P&G）， to learn how best to clean astronauts’ clothes in space. They could use the clothes for months or even years， just like on Earth.
P&G announced that it would send detergent （洗涤剂） and dirt removal experiments to the space station later. The battle against dirty and sweaty clothes in space has begun. It is not a small problem， especially as the US and other countries plan to establish bases on the Moon and Mars.
Rocket storage space is small and costly. So， why waste it on new clothes if they could keep their old clothes looking and smelling fresh？ An astronaut needs 68 kilograms of clothes in space per year. The clothes use a lot of storage space， especially on a three-year Mars mission.
Space station astronauts exercise two hours every day to fight the effects of weightlessness on their bodies. That quickly leaves their workout clothes sweaty， smelly and hard.
In its first experiment， P&G would send up detergent made just for space. Scientists would then see how the compounds in the detergent react to six months of weightlessness. At the same time， P&G is developing a washer-dryer machine that could operate on the Moon or even Mars. It would use small amounts of water and detergent.
28.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to？（ ）
A.Washing clothes. B.Getting rid of clothes.
C.Burning off clothes. D.Changing clothes.
29.Which is an advantage of washing clothes in space？（ ）
A.Saving room in the rocket. B.Extending the stay in space.
C.Avoiding space rubbish. D.Keeping the astronauts healthy.
30.What makes astronauts’ clothes dirty easily？（ ）
A.Hard work. B.Lack of gravity.
C.Few clothes to change. D.Daily physical training.
31.Why will P&G send its washing product into space？（ ）
A.To have better sales. B.To help astronauts wash clothes.
C.To experiment with its functions in space. D.To test the washer-dryer machine out.
D
After nearly 70 years of space exploration， Earth is now surrounded by space junk. Recently， an accident made the cleanup more difficult to start.
According to the European Space Agency （ESA）， scientists plan on testing their “junk truck”， ClearSpace-1， in 2025. It’s a spacecraft with four arms that can catch debris and bring it back to Earth. They have chosen to bring back VESPA， a 113-kilogram， two-meter-wide rocket part. However， in August， it was hit by another piece of space junk， creating new pieces. The ESA is now revising its cleanup plan.
Most satellites today are sent into Earth’s low orbit， which reaches up to around 2，000 kilometers above the Earth. There， spacecraft are most likely to crash with each other. There may be as many as 170 million pieces of space junk in orbit. Big or small， any of the pieces can cause harm to a spacecraft.
In terms of the cleanup， scientists have some other ideas. One popular plan is to equip a spacecraft with harpoons （叉） and magnets （磁铁）. The craft would shoot the harpoon to stick into the debris before “throwing” it back to Earth. Magnets could move the debris， changing its direction. The debris would burn after entering Earth’s atmosphere so there wouldn’t be much left when it reaches Earth. Scientists are also considering shooting lasers （激光） from spacecraft to heat up the debris’ surface， creating a small push that would change the debris’ orbit. This change would allow the debris to be caught by Earth’s gravity.
Space junk can be very dangerous， and space agencies around the world are testing and planning the cleanup. But why haven’t they done anything yet？ One reason is the expense.
It would take between $4，000 and $60，000 per kilogram to catch one piece of debris larger than 10 cm. And around $300 million is needed to develop the laser technology.
32.What’s the mission of ClearSpace-1？（ ）
A.To mark Earth’s low orbit. B.To monitor space debris.
C.To study the harm of space junk. D.To bring VESPA back to Earth.
33.How do lasers work in cleaning up space debris？（ ）
A.By burning it up in space. B.By pushing it into deeper space.
C.By moving it towards a spacecraft. D.By redirecting it into the atmosphere.
34.What’s a disadvantage of the cleanup according to the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A.It’s complex. B.It’s risky.
C.It’s costly. D.It’s changeable.
35.What might be a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A.Escaping from Crowded Space B.Looking for Ways to Clean up Space
C.Dangerous Space Debris D.Exceptional Space Exploration
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flight disruptions have periodically made it difficult for people to reach their destinations. Here are three of the biggest potential flight disruptors and what you can do about them：
★ How could the weather disrupt flights this summer？
Wild weather can hinder air travel， whether it’s an Arizona monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico. That can affect whether your flight is delayed or canceled.36.（ ） Extreme climate conditions can also disrupt air travel， as the Canadian wildfires demonstrated recently.
Tip： If bad weather is expected， monitor the conditions in your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule without change fees. Download your airline’s app and enable notifications.37.（ ）
★ Is a pilot strike likely this summer？
In May， American Airlines and Southwest Airlines pilots’ unions voted to authorize strikes. While it appears unlikely that pilots will strike at either airline， a work stoppage could be a problem. The votes by the American and Southwest pilots’ unions to authorize a strike don’t necessarily mean a strike will happen.38.（ ） A strike wouldn’t happen unless negotiations between the unions and the airlines’ management break down.
Tip： There is no reason to panic. If a strike appears likely， travelers can monitor the situation and consider switching to another airline.
★ What if my airline has a computer meltdown？
Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages last year.39.（ ） Southwest conducted an internal review of its technology and began implementing a three-part action plan to address service disruptions from computer glitches， including fast-tracking operational investments.
Tip： When issues emerge at the airport， technological and otherwise， the best thing people can do is to be patient. Read your airline’s policy on compensation for canceled flights.40.（ ） The more patient that passengers can be， the better it will make everything smoother as they try to fix everything.
A.And don’t forget to advocate for yourself.
B.In that way you don’t miss updates and offers.
C.But technology hasn’t always been up to the task.
D.And that can determine how smooth your plane ride is.
E.The votes are routine steps in their contract negotiations.
F.They can get overloaded because of helping to ease people’s stress.
G.That was a symptom of operating on outdated computer infrastructures.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
South-west Airlines announced its first-ever mother/daughter pilot duo， after Captain Holly Petitt joined First Officer Keely Petitt in the cockpit.
Mother Holly Petitt started her aviation career fresh out of college as a 41 attendant working for another carrier.Later， she realized she wanted to learn to 42 planes.She then got to work training and obtaining her certifications （证书）.
Holly also 43 her three kids while taking flight lessons.With the help of her husband and mom， she was able to pursue her dream of being a 44 .
Holly’s daughter， Keely， 45 around the South-west Airline Family.At 14， Keely realized she wanted to 46 in her mom’s footsteps.She earned her pilot’s license， and even got a（n） 47 at Southwest in fall 2017 — a runway for Keely to learn more about an aviation career.
“South-west was always the final 48 for me，”said Keely.“There was really never any other 49 .”
After 50 hard as the second generation， she and her mother became South-west’s first mother/daughter pilot duo.
“It’s been a dream come true，” said Holly.“First， I found this 51 and fell in love with it， and then that one of my kids fell in love with it too.It’s 52 .”
Not only are Holly and Keely making 53 for South-west， but they’re also breaking barriers and 54 women of all ages to pursue their dreams in aviation to 55 the skies.
41.A.shop B.restaurant C.library D.flight
42.A.fly B.repair C.make D.study
43.A.took pride in B.thought highly of C.kept up with D.took care of
44.A.teacher B.boss C.pilot D.guide
45.A.grew up B.took off C.set out D.came up
46.A.involve B.engage C.follow D.join
47.A.job B.idea C.lesson D.partner
48.A.step B.goal C.answer D.chance
49.A.result B.solution C.choice D.judgment
50.A.working B.bargaining C.explaining D.thinking
51.A.hobby B.amusement C.activity D.career
52.A.awful B.impossible C.strange D.fantastic
53.A.history B.progress C.popularity D.wealth
54.A.allowing B.inspiring C.engaging D.desiring
55.A.look into B.learn about C.reach for D.take over
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some people believe humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.Our own planet， the Earth， 56. （become） more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population.57. （hopeful），people could start all over again and build 58. better world on Mars.Here is what life there could be like.At present， our spacecraft are very slow — it would take 59. （month）.With the development of technology， the journey might only take about 20 minutes by 2100 in spacecraft 60. travel at the speed of light！ However， the spacecraft would travel so fast that the journey might be quite 61. （comfort）.Many people would feel ill.Humans cannot survive 62. water， oxygen or food.Nobody knows 63. there would be enough water or oxygen on Mars for people there.Gravity could be another problem.The gravity on Mars 64. （be） only about three-eighths of that on Earth.People would have to wear boots specially 65. （design） to prevent themselves from floating off into space.Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom发来邮件和你讨论对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的。请你据此给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你对他的观点的看法；
2.你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The long-awaited summer vacation finally came， and I immediately headed for Grandpa’s countryside home with excitement. I was looking forward to seeing Grandpa and playing with my best friend， Steve， his smart dog.
Life in the countryside was great. I enjoyed Grandpa’s tasty vegetable soup and had a lot of fun playing with Steve. We explored the woods， chased （追逐） birds， and tried fishing by the stream， laughing all the while.
One day， Grandpa went to the farm to get fresh pumpkins and tomatoes for a big dinner. While waiting for him to come back， I felt a bit bored.
“Steve， let’s have some fun！” I declared， and with a wag （摇摆） of his tail， he excitedly agreed.
Our game of hide-and-seek filled the house with laughter. “You can’t catch me！” I laughed， hiding and running away from Steve. But Steve was so smart that he could always find me， whether in the bedroom or the cupboard.
However， while we were having fun， something unexpected happened. Suddenly there was a loud crash in the living room， breaking the calm like a stone disturbing a quiet pond. It turned out that I accidentally knocked over a mirror while playing. The mirror， once neat and pretty on the table， was now broken pieces on the floor because of our playful game.
My heart pounded as I looked at the mess. The wind blew through the open window， making the curtains waving in the wind， which upset me even more. I didn’t know what to do with the broken mirror. Should I tell Grandpa or try to hide what had happened？ I thought about it， and Steve lowered his ears. It seemed that he also realized that we had made a huge mistake. “What should we do， Steve？” I asked quietly， trying to find comfort.
It was a tough decision， and I felt really guilty. Admitting the mistake seemed hard.
Suddenly I had an idea — maybe I could put the blame on Steve alone.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
When Grandpa returned and came in， he looked surprised when he saw the broken mirror.
At dinner， the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now mixed with regret.
单元质量检测（六） Space and beyond
第一部分
1－5 BABCA 6－10 ABACA
11－15 BBACB 16－20 BAACB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：What do you want， Arlene？
W：Just a vegetable salad.How about you？
M：I would like a cup of coffee and an apple pie.
（Text 2）
M：Linda is going back to China next month， Alice.
W：Oh， really.
M：And she will not take Amy this time.
（Text 3）
W：Would you mail a letter for me？ I am quite busy with my research at present.
M：Oh，I’m sorry.I’m afraid I can’t do it now.I have to meet my tutor in a few seconds.But I could mail it after that.
W：That’s fine.
（Text 4）
M：Well， my wife and I just arrived back from one of our holidays in Santa Margarita and ...
W：Oh， yes？ Lovely place.Did you enjoy yourselves？
M：Not exactly.The thing is， we were expecting to stay in a quiet area， but the hotel was in the center of the town and it was noisy.
（Text 5）
W：How do you like your new job？
M：Actually， I’m thinking about changing my job.
W：Why？ You did pretty good.
M：But I’m not very satisfied with my salary.
（Text 6）
W：Hi， John.I’m glad I ran into you.
M：Hi.I’m glad， too.
W：Would you like to go climbing this weekend？
M：I’m not sure.I promised to help my sister move on Saturday.
W：How about Sunday， then？ We could start early in the morning.
M：I might be available that day.Let me check and I’ll call you tonight.
（Text 7）
W：This is the house I want to rent.How do you like it？
M：Well， it looks cozy and fashionable.
W：Most importantly， the electricity is free of charge.And it lies in the center of the city and the transportation is convenient.
M：How much is the rent？
W：200 dollars per week.
M：In my opinion， the rent is much higher than that in other areas.Meanwhile， it would cost you a lot to live here and travel to the university far away.
W：That’s true.OK， I will think about it.
（Text 8）
W：Hello， Rose speaking.
M：Hello， Miss Rose.I believe that you called me just now.I’m sorry I missed that， for I’ve just finished the work conference.
W：Oh， yes.It doesn’t matter.Thanks for calling me back so soon.I was calling about your son Tommy.
M：Did he do something wrong at school？
W：He kept talking loudly all through the class， even though I asked him not to.What’s more， he was even found playing with his phone in class.
M：I apologise.What should I do？
W：I need you to talk to him， if you don’t mind.If he could stop that， I would greatly appreciate it.
M：OK.I’ll make sure he doesn’t do that again.
（Text 9）
W：Could you give me something for the pain？ I didn’t get to sleep until three o’clock this morning.
M：Aspirin is the strongest medicine I can give you without a prescription.
W：That isn’t strong enough， and I don’t have an appointment with my dentist until next week.
M：Who is your dentist？
W：Dr Williams.
M：Doesn’t he have his office on the corner？
W：Yes， he does.
M：Are you a regular patient？
W：Yes.
M：Oh.Then I can call him if you like.Dr Williams will give me a pain prescription over the phone.
W：I’d appreciate that very much.Do you think that he’ll still be in his office？
M：Sure.It’s only four-thirty.He should be there until five.
W：Good.
M：Too bad you can’t get an appointment sooner.
W：I know.Dr Williams is always booked up though.
M：In the meantime， be careful not to eat or drink anything too hot or too cold.
W：I really don’t feel like eating or drinking anything at all.
M：Well， I’ll give Dr Williams a call and we’ll see what we can do for you.
（Text 10）
M：David， this is Tim， your old college roommate.I’m in town for a meeting.I would have called before I came， but the meeting was supposed to last all day， and I didn’t think I’d have time to talk to you.It turned out that the meeting ended earlier.I was hoping we could get together for a while， but my plane back to Columbus is leaving earlier than scheduled due to the weather.We are all fine.Ellie likes her new job.Our kids are doing well in school.We are going to Italy on holiday this year.I’m looking forward to going back there again.Remember what a great time we had when you and I went there in 1994？ I hope I can find that great restaurant up in the hills.Remember it？ Anyway， we are excited about the trip.I hope you and Catherine are OK.Well， I don’t know what else to say on the machine， so I guess I’ll hang up now.I miss you.Give my best wishes to Catherine.Take care.Bye！
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章为对太空和天文感兴趣的人提供了四个旅行建议。
21.A 细节理解题。根据Kennedy Space Center， America部分第二句可知，Kennedy Space Center适合那些期待与宇航员面对面接触的青少年。
22.C 细节理解题。根据North York Moors， England部分第二句可知，游客去约克郡旅行可以欣赏晚上的海景。
23.D 细节理解题。根据Pic du Midi， France部分第二句以及Mount Teide， Spain部分第一句可知，Pic du Midi和Mount Teide的共同之处是他们都位于高山上。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。90岁的作者今年体验了一次太空旅行。文章描述了这次经历的所见、所闻、所感。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中作者的自问Will I pass out？ How many g’s can my ninety-year-old body deal with？可知，作者认为他会因为太老而昏倒。
25.D 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，作者在太空漂浮时看到了白云环绕的大地轮廓。
26.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中My excitement disappeared， and I felt really down.以及最后一段第一句可推知，这次旅行与作者的期望不一致。
27.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推知，作者的太空之旅告诉我们应该珍惜并保护地球。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在太空中如何洗衣服。
28.B 代词指代题。第一段最后一句提到把衣服扔掉；画线词that的下文This would mean the end to throwing away lots of dirty clothes every year.也提到了扔掉衣服。由此推测，画线词that指代的是“扔掉衣服”。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，在太空洗衣服的优点是节省火箭的空间。
30.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，日常体能训练让宇航员的衣服容易脏。
31.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，P&G公司要将其洗涤产品送入太空是为了在太空中试验它的功能。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。经过近70年的太空探索，地球现在被太空垃圾包围。欧洲航天局为了带回太空垃圾碎片准备发射ClearSpace-1，以捕捉太空垃圾并将其带回地球。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，ClearSpace-1的任务是把太空垃圾碎片带回地球。
33.D 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，激光通过加热太空垃圾的表面，改变其轨道，使其进入地球大气层。由此推断，激光是通过将太空垃圾重新定向进入地球大气层来清理太空垃圾。
34.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知，清理太空垃圾的一个缺点是费用高昂。
35.B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了太空垃圾问题以及清理太空垃圾的方案和困难性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个最大的潜在飞行干扰因素，并给出了你可以采取的措施。
36.D 根据上文可知，恶劣的天气会阻碍航空旅行，影响航班是否正常运行。D项（那会决定你的飞机飞行有多平稳）承接上文。
37.B 上文建议下载航空公司的应用程序，并启用通知功能，及时接收信息。B项（这样你就不会错过更新和优惠了）承接上文。
38.E 设空处上句和下句讲的是投票和谈判的问题。E项（投票是他们合同谈判中的常规步骤）承上启下。
39.C 根据本段小标题及本段首句可知，本段讲的是航空公司的电脑出现故障的问题。C项（但技术并不总是能胜任这项任务）承接上文。
40.A 上文建议当机场出现问题时，人们要耐心等待，阅读相关的赔偿政策。A项（别忘了为自己辩护）承接上文。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲和她的女儿都成为美国一家航空公司的飞行员，成为有史以来第一对母女飞行员组合的故事。
41.D 根据上文的Airlines和aviation可知，她从大学毕业就开始了她的航空生涯，她是另一家航空公司的空中乘务员。
42.A 此处与下文的She then got to work training and obtaining her certifications （证书）.相呼应，指后来她意识到她想学习开飞机。
43.D 根据空后的her three kids while taking flight lessons可知，她一边照顾孩子，一边学习飞行课程。
44.C 根据上文的she wanted to learn to 42 planes可知，这里指她想成为飞行员的梦想。
45.A 根据空后的around the South-west Airline Family可知，她的女儿在西南航空公司的大家庭中长大。
46.C 根据空后的in her mom’s footsteps可知，基利意识到她想追随妈妈的脚步。follow in one’s footsteps 为固定短语，意为“仿效某人；继承某人（尤指家人）的事业。”
47.A 根据下文的a runway for Keely to learn可知，她在西南航空公司找到了一份工作。
48.B 根据上文的South-west可知，成为西南航空公司的一员一直是她的最终目标。
49.C 此处与前面的final相呼应，指她没有任何其他选择。
50.A 根据空后的hard as the second generation可知，经过第二代的努力工作，她和母亲成为西南航空的第一对母女飞行员组合。
51.D 根据第三段中的pursue her dream of being a 44 可知，飞行员是她热爱的职业。
52.D 母亲热爱飞行，女儿也爱上这个职业，因此这是一件非常棒的事情。
53.A 根据第一段内容可知，这对母女创造了历史。
54.B 根据空后的women of all ages to pursue their dreams in aviation可知，她们激励各个年龄段的女性追求她们的航空梦想。
55.C 根据语境可知，这里指飞向天空的航空梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在火星的生活和可预测的困难。
56.is becoming 考查时态。此处描述地球目前的状况，应用现在进行时，故填is becoming。
57.Hopefully 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语。故填Hopefully。
58.a 考查冠词。空后表示比较概念，指“一个更好的世界”，应用不定冠词，且better的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
59.months 考查名词的单复数。此处应用名词复数形式。故填months。
60.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词spacecraft，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
61.uncomfortable 考查词形转换。前一句提及宇宙飞船速度太快，所以此处指会导致乘客不舒服。故填uncomfortable。
62.without 考查介词。分析句意可知，句子应为双重否定，表达人类没有水、氧气或食物就不能生存。故填without。
63.whether/if 考查名词性从句。根据句意和语境可知，火星上是否有足够的水或氧气供人类使用带有不确定性。空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，故填whether/if。
64.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为The gravity，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
65.designed 考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语，修饰名词boots， design和boots之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填designed。
第四部分
第一节
Dear Tom，
I have known your ideas about exploring space.I don’t agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money.Actually，it’s more important than you can imagine.
The space technology can help to improve the technological progress in other fields.With the help of satellites， GPS is widely used all over the world.Besides， space technology represents a country’s scientific and technological level.Last but not least， exploring space helps us to think about the future of mankind.
In conclusion， exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节
When Grandpa returned and came in， he looked surprised when he saw the broken mirror. “What happened？” he asked. I looked away and made up a story about Steve being too playful. With my face burning， I told Grandpa， “Steve got too excited. He knocked over the mirror， and， well， the mirror broke.” Hearing this， Grandpa didn’t say anything， but his eyes showed a mix of doubt and disappointment. Grandpa cleaned up the mess and then he went to the kitchen to prepare the vegetable soup. I breathed a huge sigh of relief for I thought maybe the truth was hidden by the made-up story.
At dinner， the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now mixed with regret. Finally unable to bear the weight of dishonesty， with tears welling up in my eyes， I confessed，“Grandpa， it was my fault. Steve had nothing to do with the broken mirror.” Unexpectedly， Grandpa patted me on the shoulder and smiled gently，“I understand your situation， dear. But being honest is more important！ You made the right choice just now.” At that moment， with the smell of soup in the air， I learned a big lesson about telling the truth. The countryside， with its wide fields and timeless lessons， became part of my memorable experience that stayed in my heart for a long time.
9 / 9(共95张PPT)
单元质量检测（六）
Space and beyond
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回
答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want？（ ）
A. A coffee. B. A salad. C. A pie.
2. Who will go to China next month？（ ）
A. Linda. B. Alice. C. Amy.
3. What will the man do at first？（ ）
A. Mail a letter. B. Meet his tutor.
C. Do research.
4. Why does the man talk with the woman？（ ）
A. To plan a holiday.
B. To book a hotel.
C. To make a complaint.
5. What does the man think of his job？（ ）
A. Disappointing.
B. Pretty good.
C. Satisfying.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman plan to do this weekend？（ ）
A. Go climbing. B. Go shopping.
C. Go swimming.
7. Who will move on Saturday？（ ）
A. The man.
B. The man’s sister.
C. The woman’s sister.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How much is the rent for the house？（ ）
A. $200 a week.
B. $200 a month.
C. $400 a month.
9. What does the man say about the house？（ ）
A. It’s large.
B. It’s convenient.
C. It’s expensive.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the woman？（ ）
A. A teacher. B. A nurse. C. A worker.
11. What was the man doing when the woman called？（ ）
A. Talking to his son.
B. Being in a meeting.
C. Talking with his colleague.
12. What do we know about Tommy？（ ）
A. He was always feeling sleepy.
B. He kept talking aloud through the class.
C. He was sorry for using a phone in class.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is probably the man？（ ）
A. A chemist. B. A dentist. C. A patient.
14. When does the woman have an appointment with Dr Williams？
（ ）
A. This morning.
B. At five o’clock.
C. Next week.
15. What does the man suggest the woman do？（ ）
A. Wait for Dr Williams.
B. Be cautious about her diet.
C. Go to the dentist directly.
16. What will the man do to help the woman？（ ）
A. Give her what she wants.
B. Ring Dr Williams for her.
C. Make an appointment for her.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why does the speaker come to the town？（ ）
A. To attend a meeting.
B. To go on a holiday.
C. To visit his old roommate.
18. Who is Ellie？（ ）
A. Tim’s wife.
B. David’s wife.
C. Tim’s daughter.
19. Where did David and the speaker go in 1994？（ ）
A. Columbus. B. Austria. C. Italy.
20. What is the speaker doing？（ ）
A. Giving parting advice.
B. Leaving a voicemail message.
C. Writing a greeting letter.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：What do you want， Arlene？
W：Just a vegetable salad.How about you？
M：I would like a cup of coffee and an apple pie.
（Text 2）
M：Linda is going back to China next month， Alice.
W：Oh， really.
M：And she will not take Amy this time.
（Text 3）
W：Would you mail a letter for me？ I am quite busy with my research at
present.
M：Oh，I’m sorry.I’m afraid I can’t do it now.I have to meet my
tutor in a few seconds.But I could mail it after that.
W：That’s fine.
（Text 4）
M：Well， my wife and I just arrived back from one of our holidays in
Santa Margarita and ...
W：Oh， yes？ Lovely place.Did you enjoy yourselves？
M：Not exactly.The thing is， we were expecting to stay in a quiet area，
but the hotel was in the center of the town and it was noisy.
（Text 5）
W：How do you like your new job？
M：Actually， I’m thinking about changing my job.
W：Why？ You did pretty good.
M：But I’m not very satisfied with my salary.
（Text 6）
W：Hi， John.I’m glad I ran into you.
M：Hi.I’m glad， too.
W：Would you like to go climbing this weekend？
M：I’m not sure.I promised to help my sister move on Saturday.
W：How about Sunday， then？ We could start early in the morning.
M：I might be available that day.Let me check and I’ll call you tonight.
（Text 7）
W：This is the house I want to rent.How do you like it？
M：Well， it looks cozy and fashionable.
W：Most importantly， the electricity is free of charge.And it lies in the
center of the city and the transportation is convenient.
M：How much is the rent？
W：200 dollars per week.
M：In my opinion， the rent is much higher than that in other
areas.Meanwhile， it would cost you a lot to live here and travel to the
university far away.
W：That’s true.OK， I will think about it.
（Text 8）
W：Hello， Rose speaking.
M：Hello， Miss Rose.I believe that you called me just now.I’m sorry I
missed that， for I’ve just finished the work conference.
W：Oh， yes.It doesn’t matter.Thanks for calling me back so soon.I
was calling about your son Tommy.
M：Did he do something wrong at school？
W：He kept talking loudly all through the class， even though I asked him
not to.What’s more， he was even found playing with his phone in
class.
M：I apologise.What should I do？
W：I need you to talk to him， if you don’t mind.If he could stop that，
I would greatly appreciate it.
M：OK. I’ll make sure he doesn’t do that again.
（Text 9）
W：Could you give me something for the pain？ I didn’t get to sleep
until three o’clock this morning.
M：Aspirin is the strongest medicine I can give you without a
prescription.
W：That isn’t strong enough， and I don’t have an appointment with
my dentist until next week.
M：Who is your dentist？
W：Dr Williams.
M：Doesn’t he have his office on the corner？
W：Yes， he does.
M：Are you a regular patient？
W：Yes.
M：Oh.Then I can call him if you like.Dr Williams will give me a pain
prescription over the phone.
W：I’d appreciate that very much.Do you think that he’ll still be in his
office？
M：Sure.It’s only four-thirty.He should be there until five.
W：Good.
M：Too bad you can’t get an appointment sooner.
W：I know.Dr Williams is always booked up though.
M：In the meantime， be careful not to eat or drink anything too hot or
too cold.
W：I really don’t feel like eating or drinking anything at all.
M：Well， I’ll give Dr Williams a call and we’ll see what we can do
for you.
（Text 10）
M：David， this is Tim， your old college roommate.I’m in town for a
meeting.I would have called before I came， but the meeting was
supposed to last all day， and I didn’t think I’d have time to talk to
you.It turned out that the meeting ended earlier.I was hoping we could get
together for a while， but my plane back to Columbus is leaving earlier
than scheduled due to the weather.We are all fine.Ellie likes her new
job.Our kids are doing well in school.We are going to Italy on holiday this
that great restaurant up in the hills.Remember it？ Anyway， we are
excited about the trip.I hope you and Catherine are OK.
year.I’m looking forward to going back there again.Remember what a
great time we had when you and I went there in 1994？ I hope I can find
Well， I don’t know what else to say on the machine， so I guess I’ll
hang up now.I miss you.Give my best wishes to Catherine.Take care.Bye！
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
A recent landing on the moon has awakened or renewed people’s
enthusiasm for the stars and space exploration. Here are four trip ideas to
inspire those would-be astronauts and astronomers.
The NASA-operated Kennedy Space Center is a must for ambitious
astronauts and space-lovers. Hands-on experiences range from live
presentations delivered by astronauts to the new Astronaut Training
Experience Center. Children aged 10 to 17 can experience spacewalking
and exploring Mars.
Kennedy Space Center， America
North York Moors， England
As an International Dark Sky Reserve in the world， this lovely part
of Yorkshire， England is host to the UK’s family-friendly National
Parks Dark Skies festival. Well timed to the latter part of autumn half term
in England， the festival includes bat-box making， evenings with winter
birds and moonlit coastal walks.
Pic du Midi， France
There are few observatories where you can observe stars before
retiring to a comfortable cabin and watch the sunrise. Getting to the Pic du
Midi Observatory is also an adventure by itself， involving a ride on two
cable-cars up to a 2，877-meter-high mountain. The guided astronomy
sessions help kids discover Saturn （土星） and its rings via powerful
telescopes.
Mount Teide， Spain
Home to the largest solar observatory in the world， it sits on
Spain’s highest mountain. Ride the cable-car up for a scientist-led tour，
which includes the chance to observe the Sun through hand-held solar
telescopes. The special family tour includes an attractive 90-minute
workshop exploring how observatory physicists carry out their research.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章为对太空和天文感兴趣的人提
供了四个旅行建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章为对太空和天文感兴趣的人提
供了四个旅行建议。
21. Which trip suits the teenagers expecting a face-to-face contact with
astronauts？（ ）
A. Kennedy Space Center.
B. North York Moors.
C. Mount Teide.
D. Pic du Midi.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Kennedy Space Center， America部分
第二句可知，Kennedy Space Center适合那些期待与宇航员面对面
接触的青少年。
22. What can visitors do on a trip to Yorkshire？（ ）
A. Attend live presentations.
B. Observe the rings of Saturn.
C. Enjoy the sea view at night.
D. Learn about physicists’ work.
解析： 细节理解题。根据North York Moors， England部分第二
句可知，游客去约克郡旅行可以欣赏晚上的海景。
23. What do Pic du Midi and Mount Teide have in common？（ ）
A. They accommodate family tourists.
B. They include a tour led by scientists.
C. They offer free hand-held telescopes.
D. They are located on high mountains.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Pic du Midi， France部分第二句以及
Mount Teide， Spain部分第一句可知，Pic du Midi和Mount Teide的
共同之处是他们都位于高山上。
B
Earlier this year， I had a chance to go to space. I was really excited
and made full preparations for it.
Finally， the day arrived. With all the noise， we lifted off. I could
see Earth disappearing. As we ascended （上升）， I was at once aware
of pressure. The force of gravity pulled at me. There was an instrument
that told us how many g’s （重力加速度的倍数） we were
experiencing. At two g’s， I tried to raise my arm， and I could barely
do so. At three g’s， I felt my face being pushed down into my seat. I
thought，“Will I pass out？ How many g’s can my ninety-year-old
body deal with？” Suddenly， no g’s. Weightlessness. We were
floating.
We got out of our safety belt and began to float around. And I got to
the window as quickly as possible to see what was out there.
I looked down， and I could see the hole that our spaceship had left in
the atmosphere. I continued my self-guided tour and turned my head to
face the other direction， staring into space. I saw a cold， dark， black
emptiness. It was unlike any blackness you can see or feel on Earth. My
excitement disappeared， and I felt really down. I turned back toward the
light of home. I could see the curvature （曲度） of the Earth， the white
of the clouds and the blue of the sky. It was Mother Earth.
The contrast between the coldness of space and the warm nurturing of
Earth below filled me with great sadness. In space， I had the strongest
feeling ever that Earth is the only home we have. But we were doing many
things that threatened our survival on Earth. I know we should devote
ourselves to our planet and love all around us.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。90岁的作者今年体验了一次太空旅
行。文章描述了这次经历的所见、所闻、所感。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。90岁的作者今年体验了一次太空旅
行。文章描述了这次经历的所见、所闻、所感。
24. How did the author think of gradual changes in g’s？（ ）
A. He found he could raise arms easily.
B. He felt his face was pressed against the safety belt.
C. He thought he would pass out because he was too old.
D. He believed he could deal with the gravity for he was strong.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中作者的自问Will I pass out？
How many g’s can my ninety-year-old body deal with？可知，作者
认为他会因为太老而昏倒。
25. What did the author see when floating in space？（ ）
A. The black hole in space.
B. A cold and white emptiness.
C. Other beautiful planets in space.
D. The outline of the Earth with white clouds.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，作者在太
空漂浮时看到了白云环绕的大地轮廓。
26. Which of the following best describes the author’s trip？（ ）
A. The author felt extremely lonely.
B. The author found the trip very boring.
C. The trip was inconsistent with the author’s expectation.
D. The trip filled the author’s fellows with depression.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中My excitement
disappeared， and I felt really down.以及最后一段第一句可推知，
这次旅行与作者的期望不一致。
27. What can we infer from the author’s trip to space？（ ）
A. We should live in harmony with aliens.
B. We should value the Earth and protect it.
C. We should try to move to the other planets.
D. We should consider escaping from the Earth.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推知，作者
的太空之旅告诉我们应该珍惜并保护地球。
C
Have you ever wondered how astronauts clean their clothes in space？
They wear their underclothes， and everything else， until they cannot
take the dirt and smell anymore. Then， they throw them away.
NASA wants to change that. This would mean the end to throwing
away lots of dirty clothes every year. Up to now， they simply had to put
them with other waste in old supply ships to burn up in the atmosphere.
NASA is working with the US company， Procter Gamble （P&G）， to
learn how best to clean astronauts’ clothes in space. They could use the
clothes for months or even years， just like on Earth.
P&G announced that it would send detergent （洗涤剂） and dirt
removal experiments to the space station later. The battle against dirty and
sweaty clothes in space has begun. It is not a small problem， especially
as the US and other countries plan to establish bases on the Moon and
Mars.
Rocket storage space is small and costly. So， why waste it on new
clothes if they could keep their old clothes looking and smelling fresh？ An
astronaut needs 68 kilograms of clothes in space per year. The clothes use
a lot of storage space， especially on a three-year Mars mission.
Space station astronauts exercise two hours every day to fight the
effects of weightlessness on their bodies. That quickly leaves their workout
clothes sweaty， smelly and hard.
In its first experiment， P&G would send up detergent made just for
space. Scientists would then see how the compounds in the detergent react
to six months of weightlessness. At the same time， P&G is developing a
washer-dryer machine that could operate on the Moon or even Mars. It
would use small amounts of water and detergent.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在太空中如何洗
衣服。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在太空中如何洗
衣服。
28. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
（ ）
A. Washing clothes.
B. Getting rid of clothes.
C. Burning off clothes.
D. Changing clothes.
解析： 代词指代题。第一段最后一句提到把衣服扔掉；画线
词that的下文This would mean the end to throwing away lots of dirty
clothes every year.也提到了扔掉衣服。由此推测，画线词that指代
的是“扔掉衣服”。
29. Which is an advantage of washing clothes in space？（ ）
A. Saving room in the rocket.
B. Extending the stay in space.
C. Avoiding space rubbish.
D. Keeping the astronauts healthy.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，在太空洗衣服
的优点是节省火箭的空间。
30. What makes astronauts’ clothes dirty easily？（ ）
A. Hard work.
B. Lack of gravity.
C. Few clothes to change.
D. Daily physical training.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，日常体能训
练让宇航员的衣服容易脏。
31. Why will P&G send its washing product into space？（ ）
A. To have better sales.
B. To help astronauts wash clothes.
C. To experiment with its functions in space.
D. To test the washer-dryer machine out.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，P&G公司要
将其洗涤产品送入太空是为了在太空中试验它的功能。
D
After nearly 70 years of space exploration， Earth is now surrounded
by space junk. Recently， an accident made the cleanup more difficult to
start.
According to the European Space Agency （ESA）， scientists plan
on testing their “junk truck”， ClearSpace-1， in 2025. It’s a
spacecraft with four arms that can catch debris and bring it back to Earth.
They have chosen to bring back VESPA， a 113-kilogram， two-meter-
wide rocket part. However， in August， it was hit by another piece of
space junk， creating new pieces. The ESA is now revising its cleanup
plan.
Most satellites today are sent into Earth’s low orbit， which reaches
up to around 2，000 kilometers above the Earth. There， spacecraft are
most likely to crash with each other. There may be as many as 170 million
pieces of space junk in orbit. Big or small， any of the pieces can cause
harm to a spacecraft.
In terms of the cleanup， scientists have some other ideas. One
popular plan is to equip a spacecraft with harpoons （叉） and magnets
（磁铁）. The craft would shoot the harpoon to stick into the debris
before “throwing” it back to Earth. Magnets could move the debris，
changing its direction. The debris would burn after entering Earth’s
atmosphere so there wouldn’t be much left when it reaches Earth.
Scientists are also considering shooting lasers （激光） from spacecraft to
heat up the debris’ surface， creating a small push that would change the
debris’ orbit. This change would allow the debris to be caught by
Earth’s gravity.
Space junk can be very dangerous， and space agencies around the
world are testing and planning the cleanup. But why haven’t they done
anything yet？ One reason is the expense.
It would take between $4，000 and $60，000 per kilogram to catch
one piece of debris larger than 10 cm. And around $300 million is needed
to develop the laser technology.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。经过近70年的太空探索，地球现在
被太空垃圾包围。欧洲航天局为了带回太空垃圾碎片准备发射
ClearSpace-1，以捕捉太空垃圾并将其带回地球。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。经过近70年的太空探索，地球现在
被太空垃圾包围。欧洲航天局为了带回太空垃圾碎片准备发射
ClearSpace-1，以捕捉太空垃圾并将其带回地球。
32. What’s the mission of ClearSpace-1？（ ）
A. To mark Earth’s low orbit.
B. To monitor space debris.
C. To study the harm of space junk.
D. To bring VESPA back to Earth.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，ClearSpace-1的
任务是把太空垃圾碎片带回地球。
33. How do lasers work in cleaning up space debris？（ ）
A. By burning it up in space.
B. By pushing it into deeper space.
C. By moving it towards a spacecraft.
D. By redirecting it into the atmosphere.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，激光通过加
热太空垃圾的表面，改变其轨道，使其进入地球大气层。由此推
断，激光是通过将太空垃圾重新定向进入地球大气层来清理太空
垃圾。
34. What’s a disadvantage of the cleanup according to the last two
paragraphs？（ ）
A. It’s complex. B. It’s risky.
C. It’s costly. D. It’s changeable.
解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知，清理太空垃圾
的一个缺点是费用高昂。
35. What might be a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A. Escaping from Crowded Space
B. Looking for Ways to Clean up Space
C. Dangerous Space Debris
D. Exceptional Space Exploration
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了太空垃
圾问题以及清理太空垃圾的方案和困难性。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flight disruptions have periodically made it difficult for people to
reach their destinations. Here are three of the biggest potential flight
disruptors and what you can do about them：
★ How could the weather disrupt flights this summer？
Wild weather can hinder air travel， whether it’s an Arizona
monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of
Mexico. That can affect whether your flight is delayed or
canceled.36.（ ） Extreme climate conditions can also disrupt air
travel， as the Canadian wildfires demonstrated recently.
Tip： If bad weather is expected， monitor the conditions in
your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule
without change fees. Download your airline’s app and enable
notifications.37.（ ）
★ Is a pilot strike likely this summer？
In May， American Airlines and Southwest Airlines pilots’
unions voted to authorize strikes. While it appears unlikely that pilots
will strike at either airline， a work stoppage could be a problem. The
votes by the American and Southwest pilots’ unions to authorize a
strike don’t necessarily mean a strike will happen.38.（ ） A
strike wouldn’t happen unless negotiations between the unions and
the airlines’ management break down.
Tip： There is no reason to panic. If a strike appears likely，
travelers can monitor the situation and consider switching to another
airline.
★ What if my airline has a computer meltdown？
Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages
last year.39.（ ） Southwest conducted an internal review of its
technology and began implementing a three-part action plan to address
service disruptions from computer glitches， including fast-tracking
operational investments.
Tip： When issues emerge at the airport， technological and
otherwise， the best thing people can do is to be patient. Read your
airline’s policy on compensation for canceled flights.40.（ ）
The more patient that passengers can be， the better it will make
everything smoother as they try to fix everything.
A. And don’t forget to advocate for yourself.
B. In that way you don’t miss updates and offers.
C. But technology hasn’t always been up to the task.
D. And that can determine how smooth your plane ride is.
E. The votes are routine steps in their contract negotiations.
F. They can get overloaded because of helping to ease people’s
stress.
G. That was a symptom of operating on outdated computer
infrastructures.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个最大的潜在飞行干
扰因素，并给出了你可以采取的措施。
36. D 根据上文可知，恶劣的天气会阻碍航空旅行，影响航
班是否正常运行。D项（那会决定你的飞机飞行有多平稳）承
接上文。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个最大的潜在飞行干
扰因素，并给出了你可以采取的措施。
37. B 上文建议下载航空公司的应用程序，并启用通知功
能，及时接收信息。B项（这样你就不会错过更新和优惠了）
承接上文。
38. E 设空处上句和下句讲的是投票和谈判的问题。E项（投票
是他们合同谈判中的常规步骤）承上启下。
39. C 根据本段小标题及本段首句可知，本段讲的是航空公司的
电脑出现故障的问题。C项（但技术并不总是能胜任这项任务）
承接上文。
40. A 上文建议当机场出现问题时，人们要耐心等待，阅读相关
的赔偿政策。A项（别忘了为自己辩护）承接上文。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
South-west Airlines announced its first-ever mother/daughter pilot
duo， after Captain Holly Petitt joined First Officer Keely Petitt in the
cockpit.
Mother Holly Petitt started her aviation career fresh out of college as
a 41 attendant working for another carrier.Later， she realized she
wanted to learn to 42 planes.She then got to work training and
obtaining her certifications （证书）.
Holly also 43 her three kids while taking flight lessons.With the
help of her husband and mom， she was able to pursue her dream of being
a 44 .
Holly’s daughter， Keely， 45 around the South-west Airline
Family.At 14， Keely realized she wanted to 46 in her mom’s
footsteps.She earned her pilot’s license， and even got a（n） 47 at
Southwest in fall 2017 — a runway for Keely to learn more about an
aviation career.
“South-west was always the final 48 for me，”said
Keely.“There was really never any other 49 .”
After 50 hard as the second generation， she and her mother
became South-west’s first mother/daughter pilot duo.
“It’s been a dream come true，” said Holly.“First， I found
this 51 and fell in love with it， and then that one of my kids fell in
love with it too.It’s 52 .”
Not only are Holly and Keely making 53 for South-west， but
they’re also breaking barriers and 54 women of all ages to pursue
their dreams in aviation to 55 the skies.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲和她的女
儿都成为美国一家航空公司的飞行员，成为有史以来第一对母女飞
行员组合的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲和她的女
儿都成为美国一家航空公司的飞行员，成为有史以来第一对母女飞
行员组合的故事。
41. A. shop B. restaurant
C. library D. flight
解析： 根据上文的Airlines和aviation可知，她从大学毕业就开
始了她的航空生涯，她是另一家航空公司的空中乘务员。
42. A. fly B. repair C. make D. study
解析： 此处与下文的She then got to work training and
obtaining her certifications （证书）.相呼应，指后来她意识
到她想学习开飞机。
43. A. took pride in B. thought highly of
C. kept up with D. took care of
解析： 根据空后的her three kids while taking flight lessons可
知，她一边照顾孩子，一边学习飞行课程。
44. A. teacher B. boss C. pilot D. guide
解析： 根据上文的she wanted to learn to 42 planes可知，这
里指她想成为飞行员的梦想。
45. A. grew up B. took off
C. set out D. came up
解析： 根据空后的around the South-west Airline Family可知，
她的女儿在西南航空公司的大家庭中长大。
46. A. involve B. engage
C. follow D. join
解析： 根据空后的in her mom’s footsteps可知，基利意识到她
想追随妈妈的脚步。follow in one’s footsteps 为固定短语，意为
“仿效某人；继承某人（尤指家人）的事业。”
47. A. job B. idea C. lesson D. partner
解析： 根据下文的a runway for Keely to learn可知，她在西南
航空公司找到了一份工作。
48. A. step B. goal C. answer D. chance
解析： 根据上文的South-west可知，成为西南航空公司的一员
一直是她的最终目标。
49. A. result B. solution
C. choice D. judgment
解析： 此处与前面的final相呼应，指她没有任何其他选择。
50. A. working B. bargaining
C. explaining D. thinking
解析： 根据空后的hard as the second generation可知，经
过第二代的努力工作，她和母亲成为西南航空的第一对母女飞
行员组合。
51. A. hobby B. amusement
C. activity D. career
解析： 根据第三段中的pursue her dream of being a 44 可
知，飞行员是她热爱的职业。
52. A. awful B. impossible
C. strange D. fantastic
解析： 母亲热爱飞行，女儿也爱上这个职业，因此这是一件
非常棒的事情。
53. A. history B. progress
C. popularity D. wealth
解析： 根据第一段内容可知，这对母女创造了历史。
54. A. allowing B. inspiring
C. engaging D. desiring
解析： 根据空后的women of all ages to pursue their dreams in
aviation可知，她们激励各个年龄段的女性追求她们的航空梦想。
55. A. look into B. learn about
C. reach for D. take over
解析： 根据语境可知，这里指飞向天空的航空梦想。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Some people believe humans could live on the planet Mars by the year
2100.Our own planet， the Earth， 56. （become） more
and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in
population.57. （hopeful），people could start all over
again and build 58. better world on Mars.Here is what life
there could be like.At present， our spacecraft are very slow — it would
take 59.
（month）.With the development of technology， the journey might only
take about 20 minutes by 2100 in spacecraft 60. travel at the
speed of light！ However， the spacecraft would travel so fast that the
journey might be quite 61. （comfort）.Many people
would feel ill.Humans cannot survive 62. water， oxygen or
food.Nobody knows 63. there would be enough water or
oxygen on Mars for people there.Gravity could be another problem.The
gravity on Mars 64. （be） only about three-eighths of that
on Earth.People would have to wear boots specially 65.
（design） to prevent themselves from floating off into space.Life on
Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在火星的生活和可
预测的困难。
56. is becoming 考查时态。此处描述地球目前的状况，应用现在进
行时，故填is becoming。
57. Hopefully 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作
状语。故填Hopefully。
58. a 考查冠词。空后表示比较概念，指“一个更好的世界”，应用
不定冠词，且better的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在火星的生活和可
预测的困难。
59. months 考查名词的单复数。此处应用名词复数形式。故填
months。
60. which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从
句，修饰先行词spacecraft，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
61. uncomfortable 考查词形转换。前一句提及宇宙飞船速度太快，
所以此处指会导致乘客不舒服。故填uncomfortable。
62. without 考查介词。分析句意可知，句子应为双重否定，表达人
类没有水、氧气或食物就不能生存。故填without。
63. whether/if 考查名词性从句。根据句意和语境可知，火星上是否
有足够的水或氧气供人类使用带有不确定性。空处引导宾语从句，表
示“是否”，故填whether/if。
64. is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示客观事实，应用一般
现在时，且主语为The gravity，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故
填is。
65. designed 考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语，修饰名词boots，
design和boots之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填designed。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom发来邮件和你讨论对太空探索的看
法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的。请你据此给他回复邮件，
内容包括：
1. 你对他的观点的看法；
2. 你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Tom，
I have known your ideas about exploring space.I don’t agree that
exploring space is a waste of time and money.Actually，it’s more
important than you can imagine.
The space technology can help to improve the technological progress
in other fields.With the help of satellites， GPS is widely used all over the
world.Besides， space technology represents a country’s scientific and
technological level.Last but not least， exploring space helps us to think
about the future of mankind.
In conclusion， exploring space is so important that we should
continue this great project.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
The long-awaited summer vacation finally came， and I immediately
headed for Grandpa’s countryside home with excitement. I was looking
forward to seeing Grandpa and playing with my best friend， Steve， his
smart dog.
Life in the countryside was great. I enjoyed Grandpa’s tasty
vegetable soup and had a lot of fun playing with Steve. We explored the
woods， chased （追逐） birds， and tried fishing by the stream，
laughing all the while.
One day， Grandpa went to the farm to get fresh pumpkins and
tomatoes for a big dinner. While waiting for him to come back， I felt a
bit bored.
“Steve， let’s have some fun！” I declared， and with a wag
（摇摆） of his tail， he excitedly agreed.
Our game of hide-and-seek filled the house with laughter. “You
can’t catch me！” I laughed， hiding and running away from Steve.
But Steve was so smart that he could always find me， whether in the
bedroom or the cupboard.
However， while we were having fun， something unexpected
happened. Suddenly there was a loud crash in the living room， breaking
the calm like a stone disturbing a quiet pond. It turned out that I
accidentally knocked over a mirror while playing. The mirror， once neat
and pretty on the table， was now broken pieces on the floor because of
our playful game.
My heart pounded as I looked at the mess. The wind blew through the
open window， making the curtains waving in the wind， which upset me
even more. I didn’t know what to do with the broken mirror. Should I
tell Grandpa or try to hide what had happened？ I thought about it， and
Steve lowered his ears. It seemed that he also realized that we had made a
huge mistake. “What should we do， Steve？” I asked quietly， trying
to find comfort.
It was a tough decision， and I felt really guilty. Admitting the
mistake seemed hard.
Suddenly I had an idea — maybe I could put the blame on Steve
alone.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
When Grandpa returned and came in， he looked surprised when
he saw the broken mirror.
At dinner， the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now
mixed with regret.
参考范文：
When Grandpa returned and came in， he looked surprised when he
saw the broken mirror. “What happened？” he asked. I looked away
and made up a story about Steve being too playful. With my face
burning， I told Grandpa， “Steve got too excited. He knocked over the
mirror， and， well， the mirror broke.” Hearing this， Grandpa
didn’t say anything， but his eyes showed a mix of doubt and
disappointment. Grandpa cleaned up the mess and then he went to the
kitchen to prepare the vegetable soup. I breathed a huge sigh of relief for I
thought maybe the truth was hidden by the made-up story.
At dinner， the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now
mixed with regret. Finally unable to bear the weight of dishonesty， with
tears welling up in my eyes， I confessed，“Grandpa， it was my fault.
Steve had nothing to do with the broken mirror.” Unexpectedly，
Grandpa patted me on the shoulder and smiled gently，“I understand
your situation， dear. But being honest is more important！ You made the
right choice just now.” At that moment， with the smell of soup in the
air， I learned a big lesson about telling the truth. The countryside， with
its wide fields and timeless lessons， became part of my memorable
experience that stayed in my heart for a long time.
谢谢观看！
