单元质量检测（五） Into the unknown
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Why does the man refuse to eat more？（ ）
A.He has a toothache. B.He is too full. C.The pie is too salty.
2.When will the man leave？（ ）
A.On Tuesday. B.On Wednesday. C.On Thursday.
3.Where will the speakers go first tomorrow？（ ）
A.The zoo. B.The People’s Park. C.The Science Museum.
4.Why will the woman go to Boston？（ ）
A.To start a new life there. B.To live with her parents. C.To visit her grandparents.
5.What does the man imply？（ ）
A.He will go to Seattle next time.
B.He will never go to Los Angeles.
C.A trip to Miami may be interesting.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Where does the man want to go？（ ）
A.The nearest bus stop. B.The nearest subway station. C.The nearest post office.
7.How far is it to the post office from the bus stop？（ ）
A.About 200 meters away. B.About 300 meters away. C.About 400 meters away.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.How does the man find the movies nowadays？（ ）
A.Most of them are amazing. B.They have similar plots. C.The stories are sort of silly.
9.Why do people like going to the movies according to the woman？（ ）
A.To kill time. B.To find romance. C.To avoid troubles in real life.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.When does the conversation take place？（ ）
A.On Nov.13. B.On Nov.30. C.On Dec.13.
11.How many presents is Jane going to prepare？（ ）
A.8. B.9. C.10.
12.What will Jane buy for her sister？（ ）
A.A CD. B.A bottle of perfume. C.A book.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Where was the man a moment ago？（ ）
A.In his class. B.In the cinema. C.In the library.
14.What does John Grisham base his writing on？（ ）
A.His imagination. B.His experience. C.His students.
15.What does the woman say about John Grisham？（ ）
A.He’s a great teacher.
B.His books are difficult to read.
C.Characters in his books are interesting.
16.What does the woman major in？（ ）
A.Physics. B.Law. C.Psychology.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Where can students keep fit？（ ）
A.In the recreation center. B.In a fast food restaurant. C.In the student health center.
18.What do we know about the supply of healthy food in most university restaurants？（ ）
A.It’s short. B.It’s abundant. C.It’s reasonable.
19.Which of the following do students find extremely good？（ ）
A.Fitness activities. B.The smoking ban. C.Medical care.
20.What is the speaker mainly talking about？（ ）
A.Convenience in exercise.
B.Healthy life in universities.
C.Medical care for university students.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Inca Empire was the most powerful of the day， ruling western South America between 1400 and 1533. And the Inca leaders sometimes needed vacations！ That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s now Peru. All that’s left today are ruins， but about 500 years ago， it was a bustling royal residence. Peek into the past to discover the secrets of this awesome spot.
ROYAL RELAXATION
The royal family lived mostly in the mountainous capital city， Cusco. But during the winter， they could move down to the warmer Machu Picchu. Emperor Pachacuti Inc a Yupanqui likely ordered construction of it around 1450. There， the royals could feast and entertain guests. The other 750 residents served the rulers and maintained the city.
PERFECT FIT
Earthquakes are common in Peru， so Inca builders designed Machu Picchu to resist these shakes. They cut the stones to fit together， and they didn’t use any material， like cement， to bind them. This way， when the ground shook， the stones could bounce around and then settle back into place.
CODED LANGUAGE
The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used knotted cords called quipu （KEE-poo） to send messages and keep records. Experts think the style of the knot and the color of the string contained information. Researchers are now using computers to try to untangle these long-lost codes.
21.Why did the Inca Empire build Machu Picchu？（ ）
A.For pleasure of more residents. B.For the recreation of the leaders.
C.For relocating the capital city. D.For appealing to more vacationers.
22.What did Inca builders do to resist the shakes？（ ）
A.They made the stones fit together. B.They used cement to bind them.
C.They made the stones bounce around. D.They settled the stones back into place.
23.How did the Inca share important information？（ ）
A.By telling others face to face. B.By writing it down on large stones.
C.By using their own unique language. D.By coloring some materials picked.
B
The ancient silk road was a once in a life time journey. It was one of the most important milestones of trade and culture in world history， and the pioneer， Zhang Qian， could not be easily forgotten by history. He was an outstanding diplomat， traveler and explorer in the Han Dynasty of China， honored as the “the first Chinese to open their eyes to see the world” and “the Columbus of the east”.
In 138 BC， at the reign of Emperor Wudi， Zhang Qian was sent to the west of China for an alliance with the Yue-chi people to fight against the Xiongnu. He started his trip from Chang’an （now Xi’an in Shaanxi Province） to Longxi （in Gansu Province）. Along the way， no matter how difficult the environment was， his faith was firm. But unfortunately， Zhang was caught by the Xiongnu people just as he left Han， and was held prisoner for ten years.
Zhang finally managed to escape with some of his men and continued to travel west without any dry food or drinking water. Due to the excellent skill of shooting arrows， they survived by eating some birds and other animals along the way. When Zhang at last reached the Yue-chi in Northern India， he was disappointed to find that they didn’t want to fight against the Xiongnu people. On the return journey， Zhang Qian and his men were again caught. It was not until 125 BC that they returned to Chang’an.
Though Zhang hadn’t finished his mission， he brought back first-hand information on the geography， ethnography， and societies of Central Asia. The paths Zhang Qian explored later served as the highways connecting Europe， the Middle East， Mesopotamia， Central Asia， and East modities， crops， animals， religions， ideas， music， technology， and artifacts have been transported by diplomats， merchants and soldiers along this network of highways， which have， since the 19th century， been known as the “Silk Road”. Zhang Qian has been remembered as the great explorer that opened up a new era of cultural exchange between East and West with long-lasting treasure well observable today.
24.What is the passage mainly about？（ ）
A.Zhang Qian and Yue-chi people. B.The importance of the Silk Road.
C.The paths Zhang Qian explored. D.Zhang Qian and the Silk Road.
25.The underlined word “alliance” in Paragraph 2 has the similar meaning to “ ”.（ ）
A.decision B.exploration C.agreement D.excitement
26.According to the passage， what is true about the Silk Road？（ ）
A.Columbus set the footprints on the ancient silk road.
B.The Silk Road was a highway to Europe in the Han Dynasty.
C.Zhang Qian was a pioneer opening up the Silk Road.
D.The Silk Road has the greatest value in Chinese history.
27.Which words best describe Zhang Qian？（ ）
A.Brave and strong-willed. B.Careful and confident.
C.Proud and open-minded. D.Honest and excellent.
C
When a severe heat wave covered California in July 2006， it killed an estimated 650 people. But it may be tough to recall because heat waves don’t typically have names. They are already the deadliest weather-related danger， yet they remain invisible killers that few people take seriously. What if the most life-threatening heat waves did have names？
This summer， as many experience high temperatures fueled by greenhouse gas pollution and El Ni o， there has been new openness to the idea of naming heat waves. People in Southern Europe have dubbed the July heat wave Cerberus. The results of a survey of more than 2，000 people found that people who knew the heat wave was named Cerberus were also more likely to take actions to stay safe， including drinking more water， spending more time indoors and warning others about the risk.
Though more research is needed， this suggests that naming heat waves， combined with stronger messaging， can not only help change people’s perception of the risk， but prompt them to take protective action. It would be more effective to broadcast that Heat Wave Zoe， a dangerous Category 3 event， will start tomorrow and here’s what you can do to protect yourself， your neighbors and co-workers. Names， after all， are easier to remember than numbers or weather forecasts.
But the World Meteorological （气象学的） Organization opposes naming heat waves on the grounds that it would confuse and distract the public. And the National Weather Service has no plans to rank or name heat waves either， saying that heat and its health impacts vary so dramatically across different regions and seasons that even coming up with a standard definition of a heat wave is impossible.
There’s nothing to lose by trying out a pilot program to name the most dangerous heat waves. It’s pretty clear the current approach to these disasters is falling far short of what’s necessary to protect lives. We need other ways to call attention to it and warn the public of the danger. It’s hard to make progress fighting an enemy with no name.
28.Why does the author mention the severe heat wave that covered California in July 2006？（ ）
A.To clarify the severity of heat waves. B.To remind people of the tough heat wave.
C.To introduce the topic of naming heat waves. D.To show people’s ignorance of the heat wave.
29.What can we learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3？（ ）
A.Due to its effectiveness， naming waves is a must.
B.There exist benefits of categorizing and naming heat waves.
C.Naming heat waves can change people’s perception of the risk.
D.Naming heat waves can urge people to take prompt action to protect themselves.
30.Why does the National Weather Service have no plans to name heat waves？（ ）
A.It will confuse and distract the public.
B.It is inappropriate for naming heat waves.
C.It is difficult to distinguish and predict heat waves.
D.It is unlikely to put forward a standard definition for heat waves.
31.What is the author’s attitude to naming heat waves？（ ）
A.Approving. B.Indifferent.
C.Doubtful. D.Opposed.
D
The Nazca Lines are a collection of giant geoglyphs （地画）， located in the Peruvian coastal plain about 250 miles south of Lima， Peru. Created by the ancient Nazca culture in South America， the 2，000-year-old Nazca Lines can only be fully viewed from the air given their massive size.
There are three basic types of the Nazca Lines： straight lines， geometric designs and pictorial （图画的） representations. More than 800 straight lines are found on the coastal plain， some of which are 30 miles long. Additionally， there are over 300 geometric designs， which include basic shapes such as triangles， rectangles， as well as arrows， zigzags and wavy lines. The Nazca Lines are perhaps best known for the representations of about 70 animals and plants， some of which measure up to 1，200 feet long. Examples include a spider， hummingbird， monkey， whale， dog， duck， flower， and tree.
More recent research suggested that the Nazca Lines’ purpose was related to water， a valuable thing in the desert. The geoglyphs weren’t used as an irrigation system or a guide to find water， but rather as part of a ritual （仪式） to pray to the gods — an effort to bring much-needed rain.
The Nazca Lines are located in the desert plains of the Rio Grande de Nasca river basin. The desert floor is covered in a layer of deep red color rocks. The ancient people created their designs by removing the top 12 to 15 inches of rock， revealing the lighter-colored sand below. They likely began with small- scale models and carefully increased the models’ proportions （规模） to create the large designs.
Given the small amount of rain， wind and erosion in the desert， the geoglyphs have remained largely unharmed throughout the centuries. But the geoglyphs aren’t completely safe. In 2009， the Nazca Lines suffered the first recorded rain damage. Five years later， the environmental group Greenpeace damaged an area near the hummingbird geoglyph during a media stunt.
32.Why should the geoglyphs only be fully appreciated from the air？（ ）
A.The geoglyphs occupy a massive area of land. B.The geoglyphs are in the centre of the desert.
C.The geoglyphs are only accessible by plane. D.The geoglyphs are so diverse in design.
33.What was the geoglyphs’ purpose？（ ）
A.To record ancient culture. B.To guide water to the land.
C.To pray to the gods for rain. D.To show ancient people’s talents.
34.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？（ ）
A.How the geoglyphs were created. B.Where the geoglyphs are located.
C.Why the geoglyphs were created. D.What the proportion of the geoglyphs is.
35.What can we infer from the last paragraph？（ ）
A.The geoglyphs are damage-free. B.The geoglyphs need protection.
C.The geoglyphs are in perfect condition. D.The geoglyphs get media’s protection.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With a number of rivers globally in crisis due to pollution， damming， and reduced rainfall， there’s never been a better opportunity to appreciate everything that rivers give to the world.
Rivers provide drinking water
Two thirds of the UK’s tap water is either from a river or from a river-fed body of water.36.（ ）.For example， the Colorado River alone supports nearly 40 million Americans. That’s why it is vital to keep rivers clean and free of pollutants.
37.（ ）
Ancient farming depended on these life-giving waters， so does modern agriculture. During the rainy season， many rivers overflow their banks， nourishing the soil with minerals and nutrients. Besides， rivers act as water sources for irrigation.
A good source of food comes from rivers
A fifth of fish that are fished globally come from rivers and other freshwater sources. Another two thirds of fish that people eat rely on rivers for breeding， nutrients， or other reasons.38.（ ）.
Human culture is tied to rivers
39.（ ）. The names of the rivers in England including Thames， Leith， and Taff， disclose the island’s history. Other examples are the religious connections to the Ganges in India or the Jordan River in Israel.
Rivers provide leisure activities
40.（ ）.River sports， boating， fishing， swimming， braving rapids， and visiting waterfalls are all ways that rivers add value and entertainment. It’s essential to work to conserve rivers for generations to come.
A.Rivers are important for agriculture
B.Rivers are more than just water under the bridge
C.Rivers are closely connected to ancient civilizations
D.A large part of our modern life is involved with rivers
E.The organization American Rivers gives a similar figure for the US
F.Consequently， rivers can provide homes for a diversity of plants and animals
G.Protecting rivers and their biodiversity is a good way to protect this valuable source of food
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was in Washington covering a conference.However， I came across a curious-looking 41 shop with its door partly open.
Citizens here said it had been like that 42 as long as they could remember， but no one 43 why.“Maybe the owner is just lazy，” I 44 the shady entrance， eager to find out the reason.A（n） 45 “Welcome！” came from a man’s voice.And out walked Mr Smith， the 90-year-old 46 of this candy shop which I suddenly realised had 47 candies.Mr Smith explained the place was a candy store opened by him 50 years ago， but his energy 48 in old age so he sold nothing for long.
I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in the area.He had a 49 attitude to life.I asked Mr Smith why his store front was in such a state.Mr Smith， smiling， replied， “I 50 a bag by the door that a customer left two years ago.Honestly， I want to just 51 the store， but because the bag’s owner might come by 52 for it， I keep the door open just a little bit.” I was moved to tears by Mr Smith’s shockingly 53 deeds.I then looked down， and sure enough there was a small bag on the counter with a paper that read， “ 54 Item.”
I left the shop feeling better about humanity and was glad there are people like Mr Smith living the good life and keeping 55 forever.
41.A.clothing B.food C.fruit D.candy
42.A.every day B.occasionally C.every night D.recently
43.A.passed B.controlled C.knew D.directed
44.A.approached B.left C.broke D.ignored
45.A.official B.enthusiastic C.elegant D.humble
46.A.supplier B.owner C.customer D.employee
47.A.many B.some C.various D.no
48.A.broke off B.calmed down C.went up D.faded away
49.A.pessimistic B.positive C.humorous D.cool
50.A.buy B.sell C.keep D.exhibit
51.A.manage B.exchange C.open D.close
52.A.looking B.paying C.charging D.longing
53.A.unbelievable B.sweet C.odd D.sensible
54.A.Recommended B.Found C.Lost D.Deserted
55.A.patience B.silence C.faith D.touch
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently a slow train which is also called green skinned train in South-west China possessing 56. （it） own study room has attracted much attention from netizens.The train No.5609/5610， 57. runs between Chongqing and Xiushan county， is a public-welfare “slow train”.
In some carriages （客车厢）， some seats have been replaced with desks and chairs near the windows 58. （transform） them into “study carriages” for passengers in need.The Chinese characters “Yu Yue” appear on the train， which are translated as “traveling and reading 59. （happy）” .
In addition to No.5609/5610， other “slow trains” have been upgraded with “study carriages”， including No.5619/5620， 5633/5634 and Z150.
On train No.Z150， 60. （run） between Guiyang and Beijing， a transformed “book bar” carriage has been welcomed by college students.There are nearly 400 universities and colleges in the 61. （city） along the line， making train No.Z150 the first 62. （choose） for most students on those campuses.
Since 2015， the train’s dining car has been open for free at night to provide returning students 63. a lending library， free tea and other services.These small measures taken by the railway department 64. （welcome） by passengers who are in need of 65. relaxing place to continue their studies.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，想成为英国某培训机构的一名教汉语的志愿者。请你用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
1.成为志愿者能介绍中国的文化；
2.自己的优势。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir/Madam，
As we know， a growing number of countries hope to know more about China.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My sister-in-law Carol said she’d already picked out a kitten for me. I agreed to go with her ...just to look. I made no promise to take one home. After all， only two months had passed since I lost my beloved Calico cat， Mandi. Maybe I needed to be pet-free for a while.
When we got there， three of the four kittens remained in the litter. Carol picked up one and handed it to me. The beautiful face and white fur on the right side of her nose reminded me of a clown-like mask. How could I resist？ Then another kitten， with an evenly balanced white face， jumped into my lap and purred.
Driving home in my British sports car proved difficult with two mischievous kittens. One clung to my left arm and shoulder， watching the fast-moving scenery outside. The other paced back and forth from my lap to the passenger’s seat， making it hard for me to shift gears. Both mewed in a loud duet （二重奏） of protest. Of course， I hadn’t brought a cage. I had not planned to take home a kitten — or two.
The clown-like-masked female earned the name Squeakette with her tiny voice squeaking about each new discovery as she explored her new home. The male， lacking only a black tie in his formal clothes， took the name Sebastian for my favorite composer， Johann Sebastian Bach.
A few weeks later， a neighbor helped me carry down my six-foot artificial Christmas tree from the attic （阁楼）. I thanked him with a batch of cookies， and then set up the tree in the corner of my living room.
Sebastian and Squeakette knocked it down before I opened the box of decorations. After setting it upright， I straightened the few bent wire branches back into place. As I checked for any other damage， a quick flash of black-and-white fur passed by me. Up they went， branch by branch. The tree danced around as the two kittens took turns climbing it together. Sebastian made it to the top a moment ahead of Squeakette.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
He lunged at me from the top， and paws stretched out like wings.
Sensing their interest， I found a smaller Christmas tree for them.
单元质量检测（五） Into the unknown
第一部分
1－5 AACCC 6－10 BABCB
11－15 BCABC 16－20 CAACB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：Why don’t you eat more？ You’ve always said how much you love the meat pie I make.Did I put too much salt in it？
M：No， no.Just toothache.
（Text 2）
W：I heard you’re going abroad， aren’t you？
M：Yes， I had wanted to go on Wednesday， but I couldn’t get a ticket.So I bought one for Tuesday.
（Text 3）
M：Where are we going tomorrow， Mary？
W：We’ll first visit the Science Museum which is to the east of the zoo， and then drive to the People’s Park.
（Text 4）
M：Why are you going to Boston？
W：I’m going there to see my grandparents.My parents and I don’t live with them， so they sometimes get lonely.
（Text 5）
W：Peter， tell me something about your trip to Seattle.
M：I didn’t go there.But we’ve just come back from Los Angeles.Nothing special， we drove there and drove back.
W：That doesn’t sound interesting.
M：Yeah.We should have gone to Miami.
（Text 6）
M：Excuse me， ma’am.Could you tell me where the nearest subway station is？
W：Sure.Go straight ahead along this street for about ten minutes and then turn right.Walk for about 100 meters and you’ll see a bus stop.
M：Is the subway station close to the bus stop？
W：Yes.Walk for about 200 meters after you get to the bus stop and you’ll see a post office.The subway station is on the right of the post office， just a five-minute walk from there.
M：Thank you， ma’am.
W：You’re welcome.
（Text 7）
W：What do you think of the films nowadays？
M：Mm， I think they are just so-so.All these movies are the same nowadays： a pretty girl and a handsome man， both with an amazing job， falling in love.
W：Yeah， and there’s always some silly conflict that’s neatly tied up by the end.
M：Imagine that our only conflict is that your mother and mine don’t get along.
W：I guess that is why normal people like us love going to the movies so much.It’s a chance to escape the troubles of life and live in a world where everything always turns out well.
M：What’s wrong with a little bit of positive thinking and happy endings？
W：Nothing at all.I was just thinking out loud.
M：You’re right， though.
（Text 8）
M：Hi， Jane.
W：Hi， Pete.
M：What are you doing？
W：I’m trying to make a present list.
M：Already！ It’s only the 30th of November.
W：I know， but I’ve got a large family and it’s always difficult to find all good presents for them.
M：OK， let me help.Who would you like to buy presents for？
W：Well， my two elder brothers， my sister， my parents， my three cousins and our dog， Sam.
M：OK.Let’s start with your sister.How about perfume？
W：No， I got her perfume last year.
M：A CD？
W：She doesn’t like music.
M：OK.How about a book？
W：That’s a good idea.
（Text 9）
W：Hey， Jackie， how are you doing today？
M：I just got out of my psychology lecture a moment ago.How are you doing？
W：I have been out of class since early this afternoon， and I have been reading this new book I just bought.Have you ever heard of the author John Grisham？
M：Yeah！ He’s a great lawyer.He has written a lot of books based on his knowledge and experience with the legal system.The books give a lot of information on how the legal system works.
W：Yeah， I like his books.They are very easy to read.His special sense of humour has made the characters very entertaining and made the book much more interesting.
M：Yes.He has written at least twenty books.Did you read all of them？
W：No， I only read his legal fiction.
M：I see that you are very interested in learning about the legal system.
W：Yes， very much.However， not enough to change my major from psychology to law yet.Oh， it is almost 3 o’clock！ I need to go.See you later！
M：Bye， Lisa！
（Text 10）
M：It is really difficult for American university students to develop good health habits， but many students do manage to live a very healthy lifestyle.
Most schools offer plenty of opportunity for exercise through organized teams or classes in yoga， soccer， volleyball and other fitness activities， or by providing recreation centers where students can exercise， swim， work out or play different sports.
Finding healthy food to eat in the schools can be more of a challenge.However， as American society becomes more educated and concerned about health problems， even some fast food restaurants offer healthy alternatives such as salads， soups and low-fat sandwiches.
There are strict restrictions on smoking in most schools， too.In addition， schools usually include a student health center where students can seek medical attention.This is really a bonus for the students， because a simple doctor’s appointment can cost a hundred dollars， and a short hospital stay will cost thousands.
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了马丘比丘建造的原因及其特点。
21.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，印加帝国建造马丘比丘是为了领导们的娱乐。
22.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，印加建造者把石头拼在一起抵御地震。
23.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，印加人通过使用自己独特的语言来分享重要信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国古代的丝绸之路以及开辟这条道路的张骞。张骞被人们铭记为一位开启东西方文化交流新时代的伟大探险家。
24.D 主旨大意题。首段提到了张骞是中国汉代一位杰出的外交家、旅行家和探险家，并被誉为“第一个睁开眼睛看世界的中国人”和“东方的哥伦布”；最后一段提到了他带回了关于中亚地理、民族志和社会的第一手信息。由此可见，本文主要讲述了张骞与丝绸之路的故事。
25.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，张骞被派往西部与越人结盟，意思是与他们达成一个协议。由此推测，画线词与agreement意思相近。
26.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，张骞所探索的路径后来成为连接欧洲、中东、美索不达米亚、中亚和东亚的国际贸易途径，被称为“丝绸之路”。张骞被铭记为一位开启东西方文化交流新时代的伟大探险家，即张骞是开辟丝绸之路的先驱。
27.A 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句，第三段首句以及最后一段首句可知，尽管张骞在与匈奴的战斗中被抓住并被囚禁，但他最终成功逃脱并继续他的旅行，最终带回了有关中亚地理、民族志和社会的第一手信息。这显示了他的勇敢和坚定的意志。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了给热浪命名的潜在利弊。因为没有名字，热浪其实是最致命的隐形杀手。如果给热浪也取名是否可行呢？
28.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及下文对给热浪命名的讨论推知，作者提及2006年7月加利福尼亚州的热浪是为了引出给热浪命名这个话题。
29.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句可知，第二段和第三段主要讲述了给热浪命名的的优点。
30.D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，美国气象局没有计划给热浪命名，是因为不可能为热浪提出一个标准定义。
31.A 观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句可推知，作者对于给热浪命名一事持积极、支持意见。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲的纳斯卡线。
32.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中the 2，000-year-old Nazca Lines can only be fully viewed from the air given their massive size可知，由于纳斯卡线条尺寸巨大，占据了大片土地，所以只能从空中观看它的全貌。
33.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，地画不是为了灌溉和寻找水，而是向神祈祷降雨仪式的一部分。
34.A 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，第四段主要讲古人是如何创造纳斯卡线条的。
35.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，纳斯卡线可能会遭到自然因素和人为因素的破坏，它需要得到保护。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。尽管全球多条河流面临危机，但是我们要铭记河流给我们带来的很多好处。
36.E 上句从数据上强调了英国三分之二的自来水要么来自河流，要么来自河流补给的水体。E项（美国河流组织也给出了类似的美国数据）指出美国跟英国的情况类似，其中a similar figure与上文的数字形成呼应，符合语境。
37.A 根据本段首句可知，本段强调的是河流对农业的重要性。A项（河流对农业很重要）概括了本段主旨。
38.G 本段小标题A good source of food comes from rivers以及上句强调保护河流作为很好的食物来源，以人类所使用的鱼为例进行了说明。G项（保护河流及其生物多样性是保护这一宝贵食物来源的好方法）承接上文。
39.C 根据本段小标题Human culture is tied to rivers可知，本段主要讲述人类文明与河流之间的紧密关系。C项（河流与古代文明紧密相连）与本段小标题相呼应。
40.D 空后一句强调河流与人们的日常生活和娱乐方式密切相关。D项（我们现代生活的很大一部分与河流有关）引起下文。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在华盛顿遇到的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但是，两年前有一位顾客曾经把一个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门营业，但是想着那位顾客随时有可能路过这里进来寻他的包，所以每天都把门半开着等待。
41.D 根据下文this candy shop及a candy store可知，这是一家糖果店。
42.A 根据下文可知，老人不再营业卖糖果，两年来却为了等失主来找包而每天把店门半开。每天这样做才会令人们觉得好奇。
43.C 人们对这家店铺不营业却开着门的情况很好奇，没有人知道原因。
44.A 作者想要探究原因，需要靠近店铺，前去询问店主。
45.B 根据下文I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in the area.He had a 49 attitude to life.可知，多年来店主的服务态度非常好，应该对顾客是很热情的。
46.B 根据下文Mr Smith explained the place was a candy store opened by him 50 years ago可知，这位90岁的老人就是店主。
47.D 根据下文so he sold nothing for long可知，这家糖果店现在并没有糖果。
48.D 老人经营了五十年糖果店，年近九十岁时，想要关闭店铺，应该是因为精力衰退。break off中断；calm down冷静下来；go up上升；fade away衰退。
49.B 店主经营店铺，为人们服务了五十年，受到作者的钦佩，后来店铺已经不营业了，却为了失主有可能回来找包，两年来坚持把店铺的门半开着。由此可知，老人的生活态度是积极的，正能量的。
50.C 两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包，店主应该是帮忙保存。
51.D 店主年纪大了，精力衰退，想要关闭店铺，只是因为担心失主回来找包才开着门。
52.A 一个顾客两年前把包遗忘在店里，有可能会回来寻找。
53.B 老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还为了等失主有可能回来找包，坚持两年开着店门，这是善良的好心行为。
54.B 顾客遗忘的包，对于店家来说就是捡到的物品。
55.C 老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还坚持两年开着店门为了等失主有可能回来找包，永远给顾客保留一份希望，一种做人的信念。
语篇解读：本文是一篇报道。以往返于重庆与秀山县之间的5609/5610次列车为代表的公益性“慢火车”以学生为主要的服务群体，提供了“学习车厢”“列车书吧”等特色服务，受到了乘客的广泛欢迎。
56.its 考查代词。所填词修饰名词短语own study room，表示它自己的自习室，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
57.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是The train No.5609/5610，指物，故填which。
58.to transform 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词形式；再根据语境可知，此处指一些座位被换成了靠近窗户的桌子和椅子，是为了把它们变成有需要的乘客的“学习车厢”，应用动词不定式短语作目的状语，故填to transform。
59.happily 考查词形转换。所填词修饰traveling and reading，作状语，应用副词形式，故填happily。
60.running 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词形式，且所填词与其逻辑主语train No.Z150之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式，故填running。
61.cities 考查名词的单复数。city是可数名词，此处指沿线城市有近400所高校，应用名词复数形式，故填cities。
62.choice 考查词形转换。根据空前的the first并结合语境可知，此处指使Z150次列车成为这些校园大多数学生的首选，因此所填词应用名词形式，故填choice。
63.with 考查介词。provide sb with sth是固定搭配，表示“为某人提供某物”，故填with。
64.are welcomed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。所填词是主句的谓语动词，根据空后的by passengers可知，应用被动语态；此处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且主语These small measures为复数概念，故填are welcomed。
65.a 考查冠词。此处指一个令人放松的地方，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且relaxing的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
第四部分
第一节
Dear Sir/Madam，
As we know， a growing number of countries hope to know more about China.As a Chinese student， I sincerely wish that I would have an opportunity to be a volunteer to introduce the excellent and traditional culture of China to British people.
I’m diligent and I have a good knowledge of Chinese culture and have a gift for communicating with others.Apart from that， I am expert at oral English so that I can share my ideas with British people fluently.Finally， I’m always ready to help others in need.
In a word， I wish to have a chance to talk more about China and make lots of contributions to Chinese teaching in Britain.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节
He lunged at me from the top， and paws stretched out like wings. Seeing what he was doing， I reached out my hands quickly， uttering， “Sebastian， come here.” Just then， he jumped into my arms. I felt a big， warm kitty sniffing my hand， the familiar purrs vibrating through my fingertips. Seeing her brother’s bold move， Squeakette jumped after him. I put them in my lap. They rubbed their soft heads against my palm， seeking more affection. With each stroke， their body were at ease in my presence. After a while， the two kittens took turns climbing it together again.
Sensing their interest， I found a smaller Christmas tree for them. This Christmas tree was too tall for them， who were still young kittens. I was afraid that they could hurt themselves if they jumped from high places. Later， this smaller Christmas tree became their favorite toy and they jumped up and down many times a day. Seeing them play happily， I heard a voice in my heart echoing “it is right to take them home”. They are my little miracle which shows me that love knows no boundaries.
9 / 9(共108张PPT)
单元质量检测（五）
Into the unknown
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回
答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man refuse to eat more？（ ）
A. He has a toothache.
B. He is too full.
C. The pie is too salty.
2. When will the man leave？（ ）
A. On Tuesday.
B. On Wednesday.
C. On Thursday.
3. Where will the speakers go first tomorrow？（ ）
A. The zoo.
B. The People’s Park.
C. The Science Museum.
4. Why will the woman go to Boston？（ ）
A. To start a new life there.
B. To live with her parents.
C. To visit her grandparents.
5. What does the man imply？（ ）
A. He will go to Seattle next time.
B. He will never go to Los Angeles.
C. A trip to Miami may be interesting.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题
中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白
前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将
给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the man want to go？（ ）
A. The nearest bus stop.
B. The nearest subway station.
C. The nearest post office.
7. How far is it to the post office from the bus stop？（ ）
A. About 200 meters away.
B. About 300 meters away.
C. About 400 meters away.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How does the man find the movies nowadays？（ ）
A. Most of them are amazing.
B. They have similar plots.
C. The stories are sort of silly.
9. Why do people like going to the movies according to the woman？
（ ）
A. To kill time.
B. To find romance.
C. To avoid troubles in real life.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When does the conversation take place？（ ）
A. On Nov.13.
B. On Nov.30.
C. On Dec.13.
11. How many presents is Jane going to prepare？（ ）
A. 8. B. 9. C. 10.
12. What will Jane buy for her sister？（ ）
A. A CD.
B. A bottle of perfume.
C. A book.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where was the man a moment ago？（ ）
A. In his class.
B. In the cinema.
C. In the library.
14. What does John Grisham base his writing on？（ ）
A. His imagination.
B. His experience.
C. His students.
15. What does the woman say about John Grisham？（ ）
A. He’s a great teacher.
B. His books are difficult to read.
C. Characters in his books are interesting.
16. What does the woman major in？（ ）
A. Physics.
B. Law.
C. Psychology.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where can students keep fit？（ ）
A. In the recreation center.
B. In a fast food restaurant.
C. In the student health center.
18. What do we know about the supply of healthy food in most university
restaurants？（ ）
A. It’s short.
B. It’s abundant.
C. It’s reasonable.
19. Which of the following do students find extremely good？（ ）
A. Fitness activities.
B. The smoking ban.
C. Medical care.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about？（ ）
A. Convenience in exercise.
B. Healthy life in universities.
C. Medical care for university students.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：Why don’t you eat more？ You’ve always said how much you love
the meat pie I make.Did I put too much salt in it？
M：No， no.Just toothache.
（Text 2）
W：I heard you’re going abroad， aren’t you？
M：Yes， I had wanted to go on Wednesday， but I couldn’t get a
ticket.So I bought one for Tuesday.
（Text 3）
M：Where are we going tomorrow， Mary？
W：We’ll first visit the Science Museum which is to the east of the
zoo， and then drive to the People’s Park.
（Text 4）
M：Why are you going to Boston？
W：I’m going there to see my grandparents.My parents and I don’t
live with them， so they sometimes get lonely.
（Text 5）
W：Peter， tell me something about your trip to Seattle.
M：I didn’t go there.But we’ve just come back from Los
Angeles.Nothing special， we drove there and drove back.
W：That doesn’t sound interesting.
M：Yeah.We should have gone to Miami.
（Text 6）
M：Excuse me， ma’am.Could you tell me where the nearest subway
station is？
W：Sure.Go straight ahead along this street for about ten minutes and then
turn right.Walk for about 100 meters and you’ll see a bus stop.
M：Is the subway station close to the bus stop？
W：Yes.Walk for about 200 meters after you get to the bus stop and
you’ll see a post office.The subway station is on the right of the post
office， just a five-minute walk from there.
M：Thank you， ma’am.
W：You’re welcome.
（Text 7）
W：What do you think of the films nowadays？
M：Mm， I think they are just so-so.All these movies are the same
nowadays： a pretty girl and a handsome man， both with an amazing
job， falling in love.
W：Yeah， and there’s always some silly conflict that’s neatly tied up
by the end.
M：Imagine that our only conflict is that your mother and mine don’t get
along.
W：I guess that is why normal people like us love going to the movies so
much.It’s a chance to escape the troubles of life and live in a world
where everything always turns out well.
M：What’s wrong with a little bit of positive thinking and happy
endings？
W：Nothing at all.I was just thinking out loud.
M：You’re right， though.
（Text 8）
M：Hi， Jane.
W：Hi， Pete.
M：What are you doing？
W：I’m trying to make a present list.
M：Already！ It’s only the 30th of November.
W：I know， but I’ve got a large family and it’s always difficult to
find all good presents for them.
M：OK， let me help.Who would you like to buy presents for？
W：Well， my two elder brothers， my sister， my parents， my three
cousins and our dog， Sam.
M：OK. Let’s start with your sister.How about perfume？
W：No， I got her perfume last year.
M：A CD？
W：She doesn’t like music.
M：OK. How about a book？
W：That’s a good idea.
（Text 9）
W：Hey， Jackie， how are you doing today？
M：I just got out of my psychology lecture a moment ago.How are you
doing？
W：I have been out of class since early this afternoon， and I have been
reading this new book I just bought.Have you ever heard of the author
John Grisham？
M：Yeah！ He’s a great lawyer.He has written a lot of books based on
his knowledge and experience with the legal system.The books give a lot
of information on how the legal system works.
W：Yeah， I like his books.They are very easy to read.His special sense
of humour has made the characters very entertaining and made the book
much more interesting.
M：Yes.He has written at least twenty books.Did you read all of them？
W：No， I only read his legal fiction.
M：I see that you are very interested in learning about the legal system.
W：Yes， very much.However， not enough to change my major from
psychology to law yet.Oh， it is almost 3 o’clock！ I need to go.See
you later！
M：Bye， Lisa！
（Text 10）
M：It is really difficult for American university students to develop good
health habits， but many students do manage to live a very healthy
lifestyle.
Most schools offer plenty of opportunity for exercise through
organized teams or classes in yoga， soccer， volleyball and other fitness
activities， or by providing recreation centers where students can
exercise， swim， work out or play different sports.
Finding healthy food to eat in the schools can be more of a
challenge.However， as American society becomes more educated and
concerned about health problems， even some fast food restaurants offer
healthy alternatives such as salads， soups and low-fat sandwiches.
There are strict restrictions on smoking in most schools， too.In
addition， schools usually include a student health center where students
can seek medical attention.This is really a bonus for the students，
because a simple doctor’s appointment can cost a hundred dollars， and a
short hospital stay will cost thousands.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
The Inca Empire was the most powerful of the day， ruling western
South America between 1400 and 1533. And the Inca leaders sometimes
needed vacations！ That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s
now Peru. All that’s left today are ruins， but about 500 years ago， it
was a bustling royal residence. Peek into the past to discover the secrets of
this awesome spot.
The royal family lived mostly in the mountainous capital city，
Cusco. But during the winter， they could move down to the warmer
Machu Picchu. Emperor Pachacuti Inc a Yupanqui likely ordered
construction of it around 1450. There， the royals could feast and
entertain guests. The other 750 residents served the rulers and maintained
the city.
ROYAL RELAXATION
PERFECT FIT
Earthquakes are common in Peru， so Inca builders designed Machu
Picchu to resist these shakes. They cut the stones to fit together， and they
didn’t use any material， like cement， to bind them. This way， when
the ground shook， the stones could bounce around and then settle back
into place.
CODED LANGUAGE
The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used knotted
cords called quipu （KEE-poo） to send messages and keep records.
Experts think the style of the knot and the color of the string contained
information. Researchers are now using computers to try to untangle these
long-lost codes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了马丘比丘建造的原
因及其特点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了马丘比丘建造的原
因及其特点。
21. Why did the Inca Empire build Machu Picchu？（ ）
A. For pleasure of more residents.
B. For the recreation of the leaders.
C. For relocating the capital city.
D. For appealing to more vacationers.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，印加帝国
建造马丘比丘是为了领导们的娱乐。
22. What did Inca builders do to resist the shakes？（ ）
A. They made the stones fit together.
B. They used cement to bind them.
C. They made the stones bounce around.
D. They settled the stones back into place.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，印加建造
者把石头拼在一起抵御地震。
23. How did the Inca share important information？（ ）
A. By telling others face to face.
B. By writing it down on large stones.
C. By using their own unique language.
D. By coloring some materials picked.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，印加人通过
使用自己独特的语言来分享重要信息。
B
The ancient silk road was a once in a life time journey. It was one of
the most important milestones of trade and culture in world history， and
the pioneer， Zhang Qian， could not be easily forgotten by history. He
was an outstanding diplomat， traveler and explorer in the Han Dynasty of
China， honored as the “the first Chinese to open their eyes to see the
world” and “the Columbus of the east”.
In 138 BC， at the reign of Emperor Wudi， Zhang Qian was sent to
the west of China for an alliance with the Yue-chi people to fight against
the Xiongnu. He started his trip from Chang’an （now Xi’an in
Shaanxi Province） to Longxi （in Gansu Province）. Along the way，
no matter how difficult the environment was， his faith was firm. But
unfortunately， Zhang was caught by the Xiongnu people just as he left
Han， and was held prisoner for ten years.
Zhang finally managed to escape with some of his men and continued
to travel west without any dry food or drinking water. Due to the excellent
skill of shooting arrows， they survived by eating some birds and other
animals along the way. When Zhang at last reached the Yue-chi in
Northern India， he was disappointed to find that they didn’t want to
fight against the Xiongnu people. On the return journey， Zhang Qian and
his men were again caught. It was not until 125 BC that they returned to
Chang’an.
Though Zhang hadn’t finished his mission， he brought back first-
hand information on the geography， ethnography， and societies of
Central Asia. The paths Zhang Qian explored later served as the highways
connecting Europe， the Middle East， Mesopotamia， Central Asia，
and East modities， crops， animals， religions， ideas，
music， technology， and artifacts have been transported by diplomats，
merchants and soldiers along this network of highways， which have，
since the 19th century， been known as the “Silk Road”.
Zhang Qian has been remembered as the great explorer that opened up a
new era of cultural exchange between East and West with long-lasting
treasure well observable today.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国古代的丝绸之
路以及开辟这条道路的张骞。张骞被人们铭记为一位开启东西方文
化交流新时代的伟大探险家。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国古代的丝绸之
路以及开辟这条道路的张骞。张骞被人们铭记为一位开启东西方文
化交流新时代的伟大探险家。
24. What is the passage mainly about？（ ）
A. Zhang Qian and Yue-chi people.
B. The importance of the Silk Road.
C. The paths Zhang Qian explored.
D. Zhang Qian and the Silk Road.
解析： 主旨大意题。首段提到了张骞是中国汉代一位杰出的
外交家、旅行家和探险家，并被誉为“第一个睁开眼睛看世界的
中国人”和“东方的哥伦布”；最后一段提到了他带回了关于中
亚地理、民族志和社会的第一手信息。由此可见，本文主要讲述
了张骞与丝绸之路的故事。
25. The underlined word “alliance” in Paragraph 2 has the similar
meaning to “ ”.（ ）
A. decision B. exploration
C. agreement D. excitement
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，张骞被派往西
部与越人结盟，意思是与他们达成一个协议。由此推测，画线词
与agreement意思相近。
26. According to the passage， what is true about the Silk Road？
（ ）
A. Columbus set the footprints on the ancient silk road.
B. The Silk Road was a highway to Europe in the Han Dynasty.
C. Zhang Qian was a pioneer opening up the Silk Road.
D. The Silk Road has the greatest value in Chinese history.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，张骞所探
索的路径后来成为连接欧洲、中东、美索不达米亚、中亚和东亚
的国际贸易途径，被称为“丝绸之路”。张骞被铭记为一位开启
东西方文化交流新时代的伟大探险家，即张骞是开辟丝绸之路的
先驱。
27. Which words best describe Zhang Qian？（ ）
A. Brave and strong-willed.
B. Careful and confident.
C. Proud and open-minded.
D. Honest and excellent.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句，第三段首句以
及最后一段首句可知，尽管张骞在与匈奴的战斗中被抓住并被
囚禁，但他最终成功逃脱并继续他的旅行，最终带回了有关中
亚地理、民族志和社会的第一手信息。这显示了他的勇敢和坚
定的意志。
C
When a severe heat wave covered California in July 2006， it killed
an estimated 650 people. But it may be tough to recall because heat waves
don’t typically have names. They are already the deadliest weather-
related danger， yet they remain invisible killers that few people take
seriously. What if the most life-threatening heat waves did have names？
This summer， as many experience high temperatures fueled by
greenhouse gas pollution and El Ni o， there has been new openness to
the idea of naming heat waves. People in Southern Europe have dubbed
the July heat wave Cerberus. The results of a survey of more than 2，000
people found that people who knew the heat wave was named Cerberus
were also more likely to take actions to stay safe， including drinking
more water， spending more time indoors and warning others about the
risk.
Though more research is needed， this suggests that naming heat
waves， combined with stronger messaging， can not only help change
people’s perception of the risk， but prompt them to take protective
action. It would be more effective to broadcast that Heat Wave Zoe， a
dangerous Category 3 event， will start tomorrow and here’s what you
can do to protect yourself， your neighbors and co-workers. Names，
after all， are easier to remember than numbers or weather forecasts.
But the World Meteorological （气象学的） Organization opposes
naming heat waves on the grounds that it would confuse and distract the
public. And the National Weather Service has no plans to rank or name
heat waves either， saying that heat and its health impacts vary so
dramatically across different regions and seasons that even coming up with
a standard definition of a heat wave is impossible.
There’s nothing to lose by trying out a pilot program to name the
most dangerous heat waves. It’s pretty clear the current approach to these
disasters is falling far short of what’s necessary to protect lives. We need
other ways to call attention to it and warn the public of the danger. It’s
hard to make progress fighting an enemy with no name.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了给热浪命名的潜在
利弊。因为没有名字，热浪其实是最致命的隐形杀手。如果给热浪
也取名是否可行呢？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了给热浪命名的潜在
利弊。因为没有名字，热浪其实是最致命的隐形杀手。如果给热浪
也取名是否可行呢？
28. Why does the author mention the severe heat wave that covered
California in July 2006？（ ）
A. To clarify the severity of heat waves.
B. To remind people of the tough heat wave.
C. To introduce the topic of naming heat waves.
D. To show people’s ignorance of the heat wave.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及下文对给热浪命
名的讨论推知，作者提及2006年7月加利福尼亚州的热浪是为了引
出给热浪命名这个话题。
29. What can we learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3？（ ）
A. Due to its effectiveness， naming waves is a must.
B. There exist benefits of categorizing and naming heat waves.
C. Naming heat waves can change people’s perception of the risk.
D. Naming heat waves can urge people to take prompt action to protect
themselves.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句
可知，第二段和第三段主要讲述了给热浪命名的的优点。
30. Why does the National Weather Service have no plans to name heat
waves？（ ）
A. It will confuse and distract the public.
B. It is inappropriate for naming heat waves.
C. It is difficult to distinguish and predict heat waves.
D. It is unlikely to put forward a standard definition for heat waves.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，美国气象局没
有计划给热浪命名，是因为不可能为热浪提出一个标准定义。
31. What is the author’s attitude to naming heat waves？（ ）
A. Approving. B. Indifferent.
C. Doubtful. D. Opposed.
解析： 观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句可推知，作者对于
给热浪命名一事持积极、支持意见。
D
The Nazca Lines are a collection of giant geoglyphs （地画），
located in the Peruvian coastal plain about 250 miles south of Lima，
Peru. Created by the ancient Nazca culture in South America， the 2，
000-year-old Nazca Lines can only be fully viewed from the air given their
massive size.
There are three basic types of the Nazca Lines： straight lines，
geometric designs and pictorial （图画的） representations. More than
800 straight lines are found on the coastal plain， some of which are 30
miles long. Additionally， there are over 300 geometric designs， which
include basic shapes such as triangles， rectangles， as well as arrows，
zigzags and wavy lines. The Nazca Lines are perhaps best known for the
representations of about 70 animals and plants， some of which measure
up to 1，200 feet long. Examples include a spider， hummingbird，
monkey， whale， dog， duck， flower， and tree.
More recent research suggested that the Nazca Lines’ purpose was
related to water， a valuable thing in the desert. The geoglyphs weren’t
used as an irrigation system or a guide to find water， but rather as part of
a ritual （仪式） to pray to the gods — an effort to bring much-needed
rain.
The Nazca Lines are located in the desert plains of the Rio Grande de
Nasca river basin. The desert floor is covered in a layer of deep red color
rocks. The ancient people created their designs by removing the top 12 to
15 inches of rock， revealing the lighter-colored sand below. They likely
began with small- scale models and carefully increased the models’
proportions （规模） to create the large designs.
Given the small amount of rain， wind and erosion in the desert， the
geoglyphs have remained largely unharmed throughout the centuries. But
the geoglyphs aren’t completely safe. In 2009， the Nazca Lines
suffered the first recorded rain damage. Five years later， the
environmental group Greenpeace damaged an area near the hummingbird
geoglyph during a media stunt.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲的纳斯卡。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲的纳斯卡线。
32. Why should the geoglyphs only be fully appreciated from the air？
（ ）
A. The geoglyphs occupy a massive area of land.
B. The geoglyphs are in the centre of the desert.
C. The geoglyphs are only accessible by plane.
D. The geoglyphs are so diverse in design.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中the 2，000-year-old Nazca
Lines can only be fully viewed from the air given their massive size可
知，由于纳斯卡线条尺寸巨大，占据了大片土地，所以只能从空
中观看它的全貌。
33. What was the geoglyphs’ purpose？（ ）
A. To record ancient culture.
B. To guide water to the land.
C. To pray to the gods for rain.
D. To show ancient people’s talents.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，地画不是为了
灌溉和寻找水，而是向神祈祷降雨仪式的一部分。
34. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？（ ）
A. How the geoglyphs were created.
B. Where the geoglyphs are located.
C. Why the geoglyphs were created.
D. What the proportion of the geoglyphs is.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，第四段主要讲古
人是如何创造纳斯卡线条的。
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph？（ ）
A. The geoglyphs are damage-free.
B. The geoglyphs need protection.
C. The geoglyphs are in perfect condition.
D. The geoglyphs get media’s protection.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，纳斯卡
线可能会遭到自然因素和人为因素的破坏，它需要得到保护。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With a number of rivers globally in crisis due to pollution，
damming， and reduced rainfall， there’s never been a better
opportunity to appreciate everything that rivers give to the world.
Rivers provide drinking water
Two thirds of the UK’s tap water is either from a river or from a
river-fed body of water.36.（ ）.For example， the Colorado River
alone supports nearly 40 million Americans. That’s why it is vital to keep
rivers clean and free of pollutants.
37. （ ）
Ancient farming depended on these life-giving waters， so does
modern agriculture. During the rainy season， many rivers overflow their
banks， nourishing the soil with minerals and nutrients. Besides， rivers
act as water sources for irrigation.
A good source of food comes from rivers
A fifth of fish that are fished globally come from rivers and other
freshwater sources. Another two thirds of fish that people eat rely on rivers
for breeding， nutrients， or other reasons.38.（ ）.
Human culture is tied to rivers
39. （ ）. The names of the rivers in England including
Thames， Leith， and Taff， disclose the island’s history. Other
examples are the religious connections to the Ganges in India or the Jordan
River in Israel.
Rivers provide leisure activities
40. （ ）.River sports， boating， fishing， swimming，
braving rapids， and visiting waterfalls are all ways that rivers add value
and entertainment. It’s essential to work to conserve rivers for
generations to come.
A. Rivers are important for agriculture
B. Rivers are more than just water under the bridge
C. Rivers are closely connected to ancient civilizations
D. A large part of our modern life is involved with rivers
E. The organization American Rivers gives a similar figure for the US
F. Consequently， rivers can provide homes for a diversity of plants and
animals
G. Protecting rivers and their biodiversity is a good way to protect this
valuable source of food
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。尽管全球多条河流面临危机，但是
我们要铭记河流给我们带来的很多好处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。尽管全球多条河流面临危机，但是
我们要铭记河流给我们带来的很多好处。
36. E 上句从数据上强调了英国三分之二的自来水要么来自河流，要
么来自河流补给的水体。E项（美国河流组织也给出了类似的美国数
据）指出美国跟英国的情况类似，其中a similar figure与上文的数字形
成呼应，符合语境。
37. A 根据本段首句可知，本段强调的是河流对农业的重要性。A项
（河流对农业很重要）概括了本段主旨。
38. G 本段小标题A good source of food comes from rivers以及上句
强调保护河流作为很好的食物来源，以人类所使用的鱼为例进行了说
明。G项（保护河流及其生物多样性是保护这一宝贵食物来源的好方
法）承接上文。
39. C 根据本段小标题Human culture is tied to rivers可知，本段主
要讲述人类文明与河流之间的紧密关系。C项（河流与古代文明紧密
相连）与本段小标题相呼应。
40. D 空后一句强调河流与人们的日常生活和娱乐方式密切相关。D
项（我们现代生活的很大一部分与河流有关）引起下文。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
I was in Washington covering a conference.However， I came across
a curious-looking 41 shop with its door partly open.
Citizens here said it had been like that 42 as long as they could
remember， but no one 43 why.“Maybe the owner is just lazy，”
I 44 the shady entrance， eager to find out the reason.A
（n） 45 “Welcome！” came from a man’s voice.And out
walked Mr Smith， the 90-year-old 46 of this candy shop which I
suddenly realised had 47 candies.Mr Smith explained the place was a
candy store opened by him 50 years ago， but his energy 48 in old
age so he sold nothing for long.
I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in the area.He had
a 49 attitude to life.I asked Mr Smith why his store front was in such
a state.Mr Smith， smiling， replied， “I 50 a bag by the door that
a customer left two years ago.Honestly， I want to just 51 the store，
but because the bag’s owner might come by 52 for it， I keep the
door open just a little bit.” I was moved to tears by Mr Smith’s
shockingly 53 deeds.I then looked down， and sure enough there was
a small bag on the counter with a paper that read， “ 54 Item.”
I left the shop feeling better about humanity and was glad there are
people like Mr Smith living the good life and keeping 55 forever.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在华盛顿遇到
的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大
了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但是，两年前有一位顾客曾经把一
个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门营业，但是想着那位顾客随时
有可能路过这里进来寻他的包，所以每天都把门半开着等待。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在华盛顿遇到
的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大
了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但是，两年前有一位顾客曾经把一
个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门营业，但是想着那位顾客随时
有可能路过这里进来寻他的包，所以每天都把门半开着等待。
41. A. clothing B. food C. fruit D. candy
解析： 根据下文this candy shop及a candy store可知，这是一家
糖果店。
42. A. every day B. occasionally
C. every night D. recently
解析： 根据下文可知，老人不再营业卖糖果，两年来却为
了等失主来找包而每天把店门半开。每天这样做才会令人们觉
得好奇。
43. A. passed B. controlled
C. knew D. directed
解析： 人们对这家店铺不营业却开着门的情况很好奇，没有
人知道原因。
44. A. approached B. left
C. broke D. ignored
解析： 作者想要探究原因，需要靠近店铺，前去询问店主。
45. A. official B. enthusiastic
C. elegant D. humble
解析： 根据下文I admired Mr Smith’s long excellent service in
the area.He had a 49 attitude to life.可知，多年来店主的服务
态度非常好，应该对顾客是很热情的。
46. A. supplier B. owner
C. customer D. employee
解析： 根据下文Mr Smith explained the place was a candy store
opened by him 50 years ago可知，这位90岁的老人就是店主。
47. A. many B. some C. various D. no
解析： 根据下文so he sold nothing for long可知，这家糖果店现
在并没有糖果。
48. A. broke off B. calmed down
C. went up D. faded away
解析： 老人经营了五十年糖果店，年近九十岁时，想要关闭
店铺，应该是因为精力衰退。break off中断；calm down冷静下
来；go up上升；fade away衰退。
49. A. pessimistic B. positive
C. humorous D. cool
解析： 店主经营店铺，为人们服务了五十年，受到作者的钦
佩，后来店铺已经不营业了，却为了失主有可能回来找包，两年
来坚持把店铺的门半开着。由此可知，老人的生活态度是积极
的，正能量的。
50. A. buy B. sell C. keep D. exhibit
解析： 两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包，店主应该是帮忙保存。
51. A. manage B. exchange
C. open D. close
解析： 店主年纪大了，精力衰退，想要关闭店铺，只是因为
担心失主回来找包才开着门。
52. A. looking B. paying
C. charging D. longing
解析：一个顾客两年前把包遗忘在店里，有可能会回来寻找。
53. A. unbelievable B. sweet
C. odd D. sensible
解析： 老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还为了等失主有可能
回来找包，坚持两年开着店门，这是善良的好心行为。
54. A. Recommended B. Found
C. Lost D. Deserted
解析： 顾客遗忘的包，对于店家来说就是捡到的物品。
55. A. patience B. silence
C. faith D. touch
解析： 老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还坚持两年开着店门
为了等失主有可能回来找包，永远给顾客保留一份希望，一种做
人的信念。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Recently a slow train which is also called green skinned train in
South-west China possessing 56. （it） own study room
has attracted much attention from netizens.The train No.5609/5610，
57. runs between Chongqing and Xiushan county， is a
public-welfare “slow train”.
In some carriages （客车厢）， some seats have been replaced with
desks and chairs near the windows 58. （transform） them
into “study carriages” for passengers in need.The Chinese characters
“Yu Yue” appear on the train， which are translated as “traveling and
reading 59. （happy）” .
In addition to No.5609/5610， other “slow trains” have been
upgraded with “study carriages”， including No.5619/5620，
5633/5634 and Z150.
On train No.Z150， 60. （run） between Guiyang
and Beijing， a transformed “book bar” carriage has been welcomed by
college students.There are nearly 400 universities and colleges in the
61. （city） along the line， making train No.Z150 the
first 62. （choose） for most students on those campuses.
Since 2015， the train’s dining car has been open for free at night to
provide returning students 63. a lending library， free tea
and other services.These small measures taken by the railway department
64. （welcome） by passengers who are in need of
65. relaxing place to continue their studies.
语篇解读：本文是一篇报道。以往返于重庆与秀山县之间的
5609/5610次列车为代表的公益性“慢火车”以学生为主要的服务群
体，提供了“学习车厢”“列车书吧”等特色服务，受到了乘客的
广泛欢迎。
语篇解读：本文是一篇报道。以往返于重庆与秀山县之间的
5609/5610次列车为代表的公益性“慢火车”以学生为主要的服务群
体，提供了“学习车厢”“列车书吧”等特色服务，受到了乘客的
广泛欢迎。
56. its 考查代词。所填词修饰名词短语own study room，表示它自己
的自习室，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
57. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性
定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是The train No.5609/5610，指
物，故填which。
58. to transform 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓
语动词，此处应用非谓语动词形式；再根据语境可知，此处指一些座
位被换成了靠近窗户的桌子和椅子，是为了把它们变成有需要的乘客
的“学习车厢”，应用动词不定式短语作目的状语，故填to
transform。
59. happily 考查词形转换。所填词修饰traveling and reading，作状
语，应用副词形式，故填happily。
60. running 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动
词，此处应用非谓语动词形式，且所填词与其逻辑主语train No.Z150
之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式，故填running。
61. cities 考查名词的单复数。city是可数名词，此处指沿线城市有近
400所高校，应用名词复数形式，故填cities。
62. choice 考查词形转换。根据空前的the first并结合语境可知，此
处指使Z150次列车成为这些校园大多数学生的首选，因此所填词应用
名词形式，故填choice。
63. with 考查介词。provide sb with sth是固定搭配，表示“为某人提
供某物”，故填with。
64. are welcomed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。所填词是主句
的谓语动词，根据空后的by passengers可知，应用被动语态；此处描
述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且主语These small measures为复数概
念，故填are welcomed。
65. a 考查冠词。此处指一个令人放松的地方，表示泛指，应用不定
冠词，且relaxing的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，想成为英国某培训机构的一名教汉语的志愿者。
请你用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 成为志愿者能介绍中国的文化；
2. 自己的优势。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir/Madam，
As we know， a growing number of countries hope to know more
about China.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
As we know， a growing number of countries hope to know more
about China.As a Chinese student， I sincerely wish that I would have an
opportunity to be a volunteer to introduce the excellent and traditional
culture of China to British people.
I’m diligent and I have a good knowledge of Chinese culture and
have a gift for communicating with others.Apart from that， I am expert at
oral English so that I can share my ideas with British people
fluently.Finally， I’m always ready to help others in need.
In a word， I wish to have a chance to talk more about China and
make lots of contributions to Chinese teaching in Britain.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
My sister-in-law Carol said she’d already picked out a kitten for me.
I agreed to go with her ...just to look. I made no promise to take one
home. After all， only two months had passed since I lost my beloved
Calico cat， Mandi. Maybe I needed to be pet-free for a while.
When we got there， three of the four kittens remained in the litter.
Carol picked up one and handed it to me. The beautiful face and white fur
on the right side of her nose reminded me of a clown-like mask. How
could I resist？ Then another kitten， with an evenly balanced white
face， jumped into my lap and purred.
Driving home in my British sports car proved difficult with two
mischievous kittens. One clung to my left arm and shoulder， watching
the fast-moving scenery outside. The other paced back and forth from my
lap to the passenger’s seat， making it hard for me to shift gears. Both
mewed in a loud duet （二重奏） of protest. Of course， I hadn’t
brought a cage. I had not planned to take home a kitten — or two.
The clown-like-masked female earned the name Squeakette with her
tiny voice squeaking about each new discovery as she explored her new
home. The male， lacking only a black tie in his formal clothes， took the
name Sebastian for my favorite composer， Johann Sebastian Bach.
A few weeks later， a neighbor helped me carry down my six-foot
artificial Christmas tree from the attic （阁楼）. I thanked him with a
batch of cookies， and then set up the tree in the corner of my living
room.
Sebastian and Squeakette knocked it down before I opened the box of
decorations. After setting it upright， I straightened the few bent wire
branches back into place. As I checked for any other damage， a quick
flash of black-and-white fur passed by me. Up they went， branch by
branch. The tree danced around as the two kittens took turns climbing it
together. Sebastian made it to the top a moment ahead of Squeakette.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
He lunged at me from the top， and paws stretched out like
wings.
Sensing their interest， I found a smaller Christmas tree for
them.
参考范文：
He lunged at me from the top， and paws stretched out like wings.
Seeing what he was doing， I reached out my hands quickly， uttering，
“Sebastian， come here.” Just then， he jumped into my arms. I felt a
big， warm kitty sniffing my hand， the familiar purrs vibrating through
my fingertips. Seeing her brother’s bold move， Squeakette jumped after
him. I put them in my lap. They rubbed their soft heads against my
palm， seeking more affection. With each stroke， their body were at ease
in my presence. After a while， the two kittens took turns climbing it
together again.
Sensing their interest， I found a smaller Christmas tree for them.
This Christmas tree was too tall for them， who were still young kittens. I
was afraid that they could hurt themselves if they jumped from high
places. Later， this smaller Christmas tree became their favorite toy and
they jumped up and down many times a day. Seeing them play happily， I
heard a voice in my heart echoing “it is right to take them home”. They
are my little miracle which shows me that love knows no boundaries.
谢谢观看！
