人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS课时学案（教师用）

UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS
明晰目标——构建单元体系
［核心单词］
buffet cloth valley vast
ban visiblea ccompany adopt bless
prohibit sneeze stretch rewarding cycle
route theme incredible appeal wander
amuse swing fashion superb splendid
display appetite entertainment column
［重点短语］
on the move，set out，live off，theme park，appeal to，up to，upside down
［重点句型］
1.even though/if引导让步状语从句
2.完全倒装
3.It is hoped that...
4.“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句
5.“more than+名词”结构
［单元语法］
动词-ing形式作主语
［写作任务］
介绍景点的说明文
主题引领——话题语基培优
［Types］
geopark n. 地质公园
national park 国家公园
nature park 自然公园
wetland park 湿地公园
marine park 海洋公园
theme park 主题公园
［Introductions］
cover vt. 覆盖
unique adj. 独特的
picture-perfect adj. 完美的
haunt v. 萦绕在……心头
span vt. 跨越
square n. 平方
tourist attractions 旅游胜地
［Facilities］
bungee n. 蹦极
merry-go-round n. 旋转木马
ferris wheel 摩天轮
bumper car/boat 碰碰车/船
swinging boat 秋千船
cable car 缆车
［Functions］
a place to rest and relax 一个供休息和放松的地方
preserve the diversity of species 保护物种的多样性
protect the country's natural beauty 保护国家的自然美景
a perfect mix of education and entertainment 教育与娱乐的完美结合
话题佳句
1.The park is a popular spot for families and individuals looking to relax and enjoy nature.
这个公园是家庭和个人放松和享受自然的热门地点。
2.The park hosts a variety of cultural events throughout the year， attracting both locals and tourists. 这个公园全年举办各种文化活动，吸引了当地人和游客。
3.Established over a century ago， the park has been an integral part of the city's heritage.
这个公园建立于一个多世纪前，一直是城市文化遗产的重要组成部分。
Period 1 Reading and Thinking
精读课文 语篇理解
Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The Arctic Circle. B. The Sami people.
C. The reindeer. D. A fascinating park.
[答案]D
Activity 2 Structure and Clues
[答案]the Arctic Circle； covered； ice； reindeer； traditions； wild
Activity 3 Reading for Details
1．Why is it not easy for the author to tell if it is morning or night
A. Because it is the first time for the author to come to the Arctic Circle.
B. Because the author doesn't have a chance to check his watch.
C. Because the sun never sets at the season above the Arctic Circle.
D. Because the author is in the remote far north of Sweden.
[答案]C
2．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. Without reindeer these hundreds of years，the Sami would not have lived well.
B. The Sami live in villages now，so they can live well without reindeer.
C. There are not enough reindeer for the Sami to live on now.
D. The number of reindeer is smaller and smaller，so the Sami can't be allowed to hunt them.
[答案]A
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Sarek National Park is a place with some roads or towns.
B. Above the Arctic Circle the sun sets every day in summer.
C. Sarek National Park was founded to keep reindeer.
D. Today most Sami lead a modern life.
[答案]D
4．What's the author's attitude to the Sami's habits
A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Indifferent. D. Negative.
[答案]A
Activity 4 Structural Analysis
1．Following the reindeer were the Sami people，who made this territory their home.（Para.2）
［分析］ 本句是复合句。主句为_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ，who引导_ _ 从句，修饰先行词the Sami people。
［翻译］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]完全倒装； 定语； 跟随驯鹿到来的是萨米人，他们在这片土地上安家落户。
2．For example，this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire，dried reindeer meat，and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent. （Para.3）
［分析］ 本句中warmed over a fire为过去分词短语作_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ，修饰flat bread；that引导_ _ 从句，修饰先行词berries。
［翻译］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]后置定语； 定语； 例如，今天早上,我的早餐是在火上烤的扁面包、驯鹿肉干，和一些我在帐篷附近找到的酸甜的浆果。
3．If today is anything like yesterday， it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley. （Para.4）
［分析］本句是复合句。If 引导_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 从句；as引导_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 从句。anything like后面可以接人或物，意思是“与……相像，多少有点像”。
［翻译］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]条件状语； 原因状语； 如果今天像昨天一样，那将会充满汗水和艰辛，因为我要徒步跨越这片地形险峻的土地，到达山谷另一端的目的地。
Activity 5 Grammar Filling for the passage
I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. However， it's impossible for me 1. （tell） whether it is morning or night， because the sun is 2. （bright） shining for 24 hours. Now， I'm above the Arctic Circle， 3. the sun never sets in summer.
Sarek National Park is located in the remote far north of Sweden. Around 9，000 years ago， the vast sheets of ice melted in Sarek， 4. （leave） behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after， reindeer began to arrive， and then followed the Sami people， who made Sarek their home. Today， all new development 5. （ban） within park boundaries， so only the Sami are allowed to continue their 6. （tradition） way of life in the park.
For hundreds of years， looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. Since reindeer were always 7. the move， the Sami would accompany them. However， most Sami live 8. modern life in their own houses today. Only a few still follow their reindeer into the 9. （valley） of Sarek， living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. Hiking with all my food and supplies is really tiring， but I feel 10. （bless） when I am in such a beautiful and wild place.
[答案]
1．to tell
2．brightly
3．where
4．leaving
5．is banned
6．traditional
7．on
8．a
9．valleys
10．blessed
Activity 6 Discussion
1．Is it worth setting up national parks such as Sarek National Park Give your reasons.
_ _
[答案]Open
2．If you are asked to design a theme park，what factors will you add to it
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]answers.
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.领土；版图；领域；地盘
B.冰川
C.边界；界限；分界线
D.驯鹿
1．glacier n.
2．reindeer n.
3．territory n.
4．boundary n.
[答案]
1．B
2．D
3．A
4．C
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a _ _ _ _ _ _ restaurant 一个自助餐厅
[答案]buffet
2．a _ _ _ _ bag 布袋
[答案]cloth
3．walk over to the mountain _ _ 走到山边
[答案]edge
4．a small town located in a _ _ _ _ _ _ 坐落在山谷中的一个小镇
[答案]valley
5．be _ _ _ _ _ _ from leaving the country 禁止离开这个国家
[答案]banned
6．the holiday _ _ _ _ _ _ 假日别墅
[答案]cottage
7．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ me on a trip 陪我去旅行
[答案]accompany
8．some sweet and _ _ strawberries 一些又甜又酸的草莓
[答案]sour
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．_ _ ［vɑ st］adj.辽阔的；巨大的；庞大的→vastly adv.非常；很；极大地
[答案]vast
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ ［ v z bl］ adj.看得见的；可见的→（反义词）invisible adj.看不见的；隐形的
[答案]visible
3．_ _ _ _ ［ d pt］ vt.采用；采取；采纳 vt.& vi.领养→adopted adj.收养的；领养的→adoption n.采用；采纳；收养
[答案]adopt
4．_ _ _ _ ［bles］ vt.祝福→blessed adj.神圣的，有福的→blessing n.祝福
[答案]bless
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．She would never _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （留下） her pet dog because of so much warmth it brought.
[答案]leave behind
2．With her job requiring frequent travel，she's constantly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （四处奔波） between different cities.
[答案]on the move
3．After packing all the necessary supplies， we _ _ _ _ _ _ （出发） for the mountains.
[答案]set out
4．The Amazon rainforest _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （是……的家园） thousands of plants and animals， many of which cannot be found anywhere else on Earth.
[答案]is home to
5．Many families in the village _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （依靠……生活） the land， growing their own food and raising livestock.
[答案]live off
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．even though/if引导让步状语从句
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （即使阳光灿烂）， telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.（Para.1）
[答案]Even though the sun is brightly shining
2．where引导定语从句
I'm above the Arctic Circle， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （这里夏天的太阳永不落山）.（Para.1）
[答案]where in summer the sun never sets
3．动词-ing形式作状语
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （展现在我面前）， branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.（Para.1）
[答案]Spreading out before me
4．完全倒装
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （跟随驯鹿到来的是萨米人）， who made this territory their home.（Para.2）
[答案]Following the reindeer were the Sami people
5．动词-ing形式作后置定语
Close by， there are a few reindeer _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在草地上觅食）．（Para.2）
[答案]feeding on grass
6．动词-ing形式作主语
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方） makes me feel blessed to be alive.（Para.4）
[答案]Being in such a beautiful and wild place
7．“It is hoped that...”意为“人们希望……”
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （人们希望） Sarek National Park will always remain as it is， natural and beautiful.
[答案]It is hoped that
创意课堂 点面突破
1 ban vt.明令禁止；取缔 n.禁令
【经典例句】
After months of negotiations， the organization finally agreed to lift the ban on imports from that country. 经过数月的谈判，该组织终于同意解除进口该国货物的禁令。
（1）ban doing sth. 禁止做某事 ban sb. from （doing） sth. 禁止某人（做）某事 （2）a ban on... 一项关于……的禁令 lift the ban 解除禁令
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） [（2022·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）]Over the last seven years， most states have banned _ _ _ _ _ _ （text） by drivers.
（2） The school has introduced a ban cell phones during class hours which aims to improve students' learning efficiency and reduce distractions.
（3） 因为多次超速，她被禁止驾驶六个月。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ after being caught speeding multiple times.
[答案]
（1） texting
（2） on
（3） She was banned from driving for six months
2 accompany vt.陪同；陪伴；伴随；为……伴奏
【经典例句】
①（教材P26）Since reindeer were always on the move， the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
由于驯鹿总是在迁徙，萨米人会收拾起他们的帐篷并一路跟着它们。
②（2023·全国甲卷）From the age of six， Terri， now 26， accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. 特里今年26岁，从6岁起，她就在学校放假期间陪德里克去上班。
（1）accompany sb. to sp. 陪伴某人到某地 accompany sb. on/at sth. 用某物为某人伴奏 （2）company n. 陪伴；公司 keep pany 陪伴某人
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
（1） My teacher often accompanies students _ _ _ _ the piano to help them practice their vocal skills.
（2） They decided to accompany their children the amusement park for a fun-filled weekend.
（3） 这家人决定搬进同一个社区，以陪伴年迈的亲戚。
The family decided to move into the same neighborhood _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
（4） The elderly couple were accompanied by their grandson and had a walk in the park.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， the elderly couple had a walk in the park. （过去分词短语作状语）
[答案]
（1） on/at
（2） to
（3） to keep their elderly relative company
（4） Accompanied by their grandson
3 adopt vt.采用；采取；采纳 vt.& vi.领养
【经典例句】He was surprised when the principal adopted his suggestion to organize a science fair.
当校长采纳了他的建议组织科学展时，他感到很惊讶。
（1）adopt one's idea/suggestion/plan/measures 采纳某人的想法/建议/计划/措施 adopt sb. as... 过继/收养/选定某人为…… （2）adopted adj. 领养的 adoption n. 采纳；收养
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） Her _ _ _ _ _ _ （adopt） dog is very friendly and gets along with all the other pets in the house.
（2） The manager finally decided _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （adopt） the young employee's suggestion， which could cut down the production cost by 20%.
（3） 他们收养了这名孤儿作为他们的女儿，并给了她一个充满爱的家。
They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and gave her a loving home.
[答案]
（1） adopted
（2） to adopt
（3） adopted the orphan as their daughter
4 set out 出发；启程；（怀着目标）开始工作
【经典例句】After packing their bags， the explorers set out on a journey into the unknown wilderness.
整理好行囊后，探险家们踏上了前往未知荒野的旅程。
set out to do sth. 出发/开始做某事 set about doing sth. 着手做某事 set down 记下；放下；登记 set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起 set up 建立；树立；搭起 set aside 留出；把……抛在脑后
【语段填空/一句多译】
（1） We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （早早出发）， eager to reach our destination. Along the way， we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （把忧虑抛在脑后）， staying focused on the journey. Upon arrival， we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （搭建营地） and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在日记里记下我们的想法）， capturing every moment of this unforgettable adventure.
（2） 政府着手建立一个由志愿者组成的网络，致力于帮助那些有需要的人。
→The government _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ dedicated to helping those in need.
→The government _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ dedicated to helping those in need.
[答案]
（1） set off early；set aside worries；set up a camp；set down our thoughts in journals
（2） set out to build a network of volunteers；set about building a network of volunteers
5 bless vt.祝福；保佑；赞美；感激
【经典例句】（教材P27） Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
在这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方，我感觉到活着是幸运的。
（1）bless sb. with... 赐予某人…… be blessed with... 有幸得到…… （2）blessed adj. 神圣的；有福的 be blessed to do sth. 有幸做某事 （3）blessing n. 幸事；福祉；祝福
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） What a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （bless） this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this.［读后续写之人物描写］
（2） Nature blessed her _ _ a voice so beautiful that it could move anyone to tears.
（3） 她有幸拥有一些好朋友，在她需要的时候总是陪伴在她身边。
She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ who have always been there for her in times of need.
[答案]
（1） blessing
（2） with
（3） is blessed with/to have wonderful friends
6 live off 依靠……生活；以吃……为生
【经典例句】（教材P27）The Sami lived off reindeer， moved with them， and accompanied them for hundreds of years.
萨米人以驯鹿为生，跟着驯鹿迁徙，几百年来一直陪伴着它们。
live on 靠……生活，以……为生；继续存在 live through 经受住；经历过；经受过 live up to 符合；不辜负（期望） live/lead a（n）...life 过……的生活
【完成句子】
（1） 尽管她面临许多挑战，但她还是设法达成了父母的期望。
Although she faced many challenges， she managed to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
（2） 生活不在于如何度过暴风雨，而在于如何在雨中起舞。
Life isn't about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， but how to dance in the rain.［读后续写之主旨升华］
（3） 他们参加各种课外活动，在校园里过着忙碌而丰富多彩的生活。
Involved in various extra-curricular activities， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之学校生活］
[答案]
（1） live up to her parents' expectations
（2） how to live through the storm
（3） they live/lead a busy and colourful life
7 even though/if引导让步状语从句
【经典例句】（教材P26）Even though the sun is brightly shining， telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
即使阳光灿烂，也无法分辨出是早上还是晚上。
even though相当于even if，意为“即使、尽管”，引导让步状语从句。若主句与从句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，从句可省略主语和be动词。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） She decided not to attend the party， even if _ _ _ _ _ _ （invite）， because she needed time to focus on her studies.
（2） （外研必修三U6）虽然我们失去了很多，但那样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， moments like those gave us hope for the future.
（3） 即使他要求她重新考虑，她也不会改变主意。
She will not change her mind， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]
（1） invited
（2） Even though/if we had lost a lot
（3） even if he asks her to reconsider
8 完全倒装
【经典例句】（教材P26）Following the reindeer were the Sami people， who made this territory their home.
跟随驯鹿到来的是萨米人，他们在这片土地上安家落户。
教材原句为动词-ing形式置于句首引起的完全倒装，正常语序为：The Sami people， who made this territory their home， were following the reindeer.。 （1）为了保持句子平衡或强调表语部分，可将作表语的形容词、分词短语等置于句首，构成完全倒装，即“形容词/分词短语+be动词+主语”结构； （2）out、in、into、down、up、away、here、there、now、then、outside、inside等表示方位的副词和表示地点及时间的副词、介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装；若主语是代词，则不用倒装。
【完成句子/句式升级】
（1） （北师大必修二U5）之后，完全漆黑的极地的冬季来临了。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the polar winter.
（2） （译林必修一U1） 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， useful skills and a positive attitude.
（3） A boy is standing outside the classroom， lowering his head and crying silently.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， lowering his head and crying silently.（倒装句）［读后续写之动作描写］
[答案]
（1） Then came the total darkness
（2） Of equal importance are good study habits
（3） Outside the classroom is standing a boy
9 “It is hoped that...”意为“人们希望……”
【经典例句】（教材P27） It is hoped that Sarek National Park will always remain as it is， natural and beautiful. 人们希望萨勒克国家公园永远保持原样，自然而美丽。
（1）It is said that... 据说…… It is thought that... 人们认为…… It is believed that... 人们相信…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is known （to all） that... 众所周知…… （2）以上句型可同义转换为sb.is said/thought/believed/reported/known to do sth.，意为“据说/人们认为/人们相信/据报道/众所周知某人做某事”。
【完成句子/句型转换】
（1） 据报道，当地政府采取了新的措施来应对空气污染。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to deal with air pollution.
（2） It is said that he has done a great deal to raise awareness about environmental issues.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to raise awareness about environmental issues.
（3） It is believed that he is doing volunteer work at a local shelter， helping those in need.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， helping those in need.
[答案]
（1） It is reported that the local government has taken new measures
（2） He is said to have done a great deal
（3） He is believed to be doing volunteer work at a local shelter
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．[（2024·浙江卷1月）]However， while some of her classmates _ _ _ _ （缓缓前进） ahead， others actually fell behind.
[答案]edged
2．The librarian was _ _ _ _ _ _ （有福的） with a happy childhood，one that was accompanied by exciting adventures in nature.
[答案]blessed
3．The time is not far away when AI assistants will become widespread in China's _ _ （广大的） countryside.
[答案]vast
4．[（2023·全国乙卷）]In spite of the court hearing testimonials （证明） of her ability as a doctor， she was b_ _ _ _ from medicine.
[答案]anned
5．At lunchtime，there's a choice between the _ _ _ _ _ _ （自助餐） and the set menu.
[答案]buffet
6．The address must be clearly _ _ _ _ _ _ （看得见的） through the window of the envelope.
[答案]visible
7．Children，when _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （陪伴） by their parents， are admitted to the show.
[答案]accompanied
8．Danny is their a_ _ _ _ _ _ son， but they treat him as their own son.
[答案]dopted
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．While she was singing on the stage， her mother was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （用钢琴为她伴奏）.
[答案]accompanying her on/at the piano
2．Although the village was small， it _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （有幸拥有丰富的自然资源）.
[答案]was blessed with abundant natural resources
3．If you are caught cheating on the exam， you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （将被禁止参加任何考试） for a year.
[答案]will be banned from taking any tests
4．He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （着手改变生活方式）， adopting healthier habits and finding balance in his daily routine.
[答案]set out to change/set about changing his lifestyle
5．When he moved to the countryside， he learned _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （如何依靠大自然提供的东西生活）.
[答案]how to live off what nature provided
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
Dear Martin，
I am more than delighted to hear that you are coming to our school for an exchange programme this summer vacation. I would like to give a brief introduction to our school.
Located in the west of our city， our school， 1. （占地面积约为300 000平方米；动词-ing形式作状语）， nestled beside a running river with remarkable scenery. 2. （沿河矗立着楼群；完全倒装）， which provides a comfortable and inspiring learning environment. 3. （人们希望所有学生都能在愉快的环境中学习；It is hoped that...）. The stadium is on the left， 4. （在那里我们能够参与各种体育活动，并享受运动带来的益处；where 引导定语从句）. On the right is our school library， equipped with a variety of books and computers with Internet access. Therefore， 5. （即使你难以找到需要的信息；even though/if 引导让步状语从句）， you can easily turn to the Internet for assistance.
I am firmly convinced that you will find your stay in my school enjoyable and worthwhile. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
[答案]
1．covering an area of around 300,000 square meters
2．Along the river stand a group of buildings
3．It is hoped that all students can study in a pleasant environment
4．where we can engage in various physical activities and enjoy the benefits of exercise
5．even though/if you have difficulty finding the needed information
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．With nobody _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （accompany） her during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the old lady felt lonely.
[答案]accompanying
2．It was a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （bless） that no one was injured in the accident.
[答案]blessing
3．If the owner doesn't claim the dog in 48 hours,you can apply for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （adopt）.
[答案]adoption
4．Jackson was accused of breaking the rules and _ _ _ _ _ _ （ban） from taking part in the next three matches.
[答案]banned
5．The new material is so thin that it becomes almost _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （visible） to the naked eye.
[答案]invisible
6．The city's population has grown _ _ _ _ _ _ （vast） over the past decade, putting pressure on local resources.
[答案]vastly
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1．Since May 1st, there has been a ban smoking in all indoor public places.
[答案]on
2．The famous doctor is going to set out _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （perform） the operation, so please keep calm.
[答案]to perform
3．The group of wild horses are the move, so it's difficult for us to take photos of them.
[答案]on
4．He accompanied his old father the hospital to see what was wrong with his stomach.
[答案]to
5．I am so blessed _ _ _ _ _ _ （come） across you because you make me happy.
[答案]to come
6．The poor family live _ _ the land, with the father struggling to make ends meet.
[答案]off
7．Even though _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （exhaust）, we all agreed it was the most rewarding trip we had ever experienced.
[答案]exhausted
8．The talented girl has suffered from a strange disease, but now she is under treatment and her health has gradually picked ．
[答案]up
维度三 完成句子/句式升级
1．即使我失败了很多次，我也不会停止追求我的梦想。（even though/if引导让步状语从句）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , I won't cease pursuing my dream.
[答案]Even though/if I have been defeated many times
2．站在教室前面的是一位教授，他详细地讲解如何泡茶。（完全倒装）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ who explains how to make tea in detail.
[答案]Standing in front of the classroom is a professor
3．在考试中作弊的学生被禁止参加未来的考试。
Students who cheat on exams _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]are banned from participating in future tests
4．暴风雨带来了大雨，同时还伴有强风和闪电。
The storm brought heavy rain, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]which was accompanied by strong winds and lightning
5．People believe that education is the most important issue the government faces.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the government faces.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the government faces.
[答案]It is believed that education is the most important issue； Education is believed to be the most important issue
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研选必二U5】
MACQUARIE ISLAND： from Chaos to Conservation
I am standing on Macquarie Island, in the South-west Pacific Ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctica. Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
But the island's more recent history tells a different story. It's a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island. In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice. These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds' eggs and attacking baby birds． Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans. Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, which caused soil erosion. The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased. This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died out in 1891.
Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s, the rabbits remained out of control. Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. With this goal in mind, a virus was released onto the island. But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000, it also meant less food for the cats. The cats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds, killing up to 60,000 each year. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000.
But as the saying goes，“While the cat's away, the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island, the mouse and rat population started to increase. And remember those 10，000 or so rabbits It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again. Then, in 2006, the rabbits' digging caused some land to collapse, and killed a substantial number of penguins. This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
So， I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem. The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters. The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that's where I come in—with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one, without harming the native animals. This intervention is a long, much-delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
1．What happened to Macquarie Island in 1810
A. The island was occupied by humans.
B. The island was destroyed by humans.
C. Humans arrived on the island with rats and mice.
D. Planting began on the island.
2．What were rabbits good at according to the passage
A. They multiplied rapidly.
B. They began to eat the native vegetation.
C. They dug holes.
D. All of the above.
3．Which of the following is similar in meaning to the underlined part “in consequence” in paragraph 4
A. In fact. B. As a result. C. In turn. D. At ease.
4．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Releasing virus didn't solve the rabbit problem on the island.
B. The dogs I brought to the island would cause more serious damage to the island.
C. Parakeets are the only creatures dying out on the island.
D. The island is no longer a UNESCO World Heritage Site because it has been damaged.
[答案]
1．C
2．D
3．B
4．A
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[（2025·徐州期中）]A
Thailand welcomes more than 11 million visitors a year. All the same, travelers who dream of sunny skies might be disappointed at the rain that arrives regularly every July.
Bangkok
The city's more than 320,000 restaurants serve a wide range of cuisines （菜肴） from Thai to anywhere in the world, and its more than 500,000 street food stands ensure that food is available anywhere in Bangkok 24 hours a day.
Planning tip: Bangkok's bars and clubs are not allowed to be open all night—in fact, most close at the relatively early time of 1 a.m.
Chiang Mai
Chiang Mai is a great place to explore the surrounding mountains, caves and waterfalls. The Chiang Mai area also has more than 300 temples. But there is plenty to experience besides temples. Unlike any other in Thailand, Northern Thai cuisine is inspired as it is by foreign culture and nearly 200 years under Burmese rule.
Planning tip: From late February to early April, Chiang Mai is usually filled with smoke from farmers burning land in the mountains to plant their crops.
Phuket
It is the biggest island in Thailand, but Phuket has an entirely different culture from the rest of the country: a mix of Hokkien Chinese, Thai and Malaysian. Little wonder why Phuket is one of Thailand's most-visited attraction. Phuket's architecture is also unique, for it was ruled by the Portuguese.
Planning tip: September to October is Phuket's rainy season, so try to avoid the island during this time. There are plenty of other great attractions beyond Phuket to consider visiting too.
Khao Yai National Park
A 2.5-hour drive from Bangkok, Khao Yai has been a popular weekend spot for nature-loving Bangkokians for decades. The top attraction, of course, is the 2166 sq km （836 sq miles） that compose Thailand's most-visited national park. Khao Yai can provide hours of entertainment for people of any age.
Planning tip: You should hire a guide ahead of time if you are going wildlife spotting.
1．When is suitable for traveling in Thailand
A. February. B. July. C. September. D. December.
2．Which place could serve Chinese food if you travel to Thailand
A. Bangkok. B. Chiang Mai.
C. Phuket. D. Khao Yai National Park.
3．Which place is a top choice for a nature lover with a 4-year-old boy
A. Bangkok. B. Chiang Mai.
C. Phuket. D. Khao Yai National Park.
[答案]
1．D
2．A
3．D
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“All the same, travelers...might be disappointed at the rain that arrives regularly every July.”；Chiang Mai部分中的“Planning tip: From late February...to plant their crops.”以及Phuket部分中的“Planning tip: September to October...during this time.”并结合选项可知，12月适合去泰国旅游。
2．细节理解题。根据Bangkok部分中的“The city's more than 320,000 restaurants serve a wide range of cuisines from Thai to anywhere in the world”可知，如果你去泰国旅游，曼谷有中国菜。
3．细节理解题。根据Khao Yai National Park部分中的“A 2.5-hour drive from Bangkok...Khao Yai can provide hours of entertainment for people of any age.”可知，考艾国家公园是带着4岁男孩的自然爱好者的首选。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个泰国的旅游目的地。
[（2025·浙江9+1高中联盟期中）]B
In the park, there are 9，485 of them. You sit on them. To rest. Read a book. Wait for a friend. Or it's such a day when you have nothing to do, and this is a delicious place to accomplish absolutely nothing. Or you can drift off and muse on the plaque （纪念牌） attached there, representing a story behind the bench. The Central Park bench. You aren't just sitting on wood. You are sitting on memories.
Caitlin LaMorte was the development manager for the Adopt-a-Bench program which began in 1986 as a way to finance the maintenance of the benches. If you can afford it, it's simple enough. Pay $10，000 and you get to put a plaque on a bench, saying almost whatever you want, up to a suggested maximum of four lines of 30 characters each. And then it's there forever. Up to now, 4，223 of the benches have been adopted. While plenty of benches remain unadopted, all the benches facing the lake are sold out.
Benches can serve many purposes. Quite often, they're adopted to remember a relative or friend. Or on occasion, a pet. Increasingly, Ms. LaMorte said, “We have more plaques that are happy.” Graduations or birthdays or birth wishes or wedding gifts.
Last year, Karen May figured she would adopt a bench for her children. When her elder son, Theodore, proposed to his girlfriend, Lucinda, he wrote a brief children's book for her called “Two Red Foxes,” because foxes were a recurring theme in her upbringing （a fox sped across the field when her father proposed to her mother）. The foxes were stand-ins for Ms. May's son and his bride-to-be. And there was the fact that her younger son, Thornwell, went by the nickname Pup. So there is a bench facing the lake that reads, “Two Red Foxes and a Pup.” People will sit there and not know what it means. But Ms. May knows.
4．What is the Adopt-a-Bench program intended for
A. Raising funds for bench care.
B. Placing more plaques on benches.
C. Marketing the unadopted benches.
D. Attracting visitors to the central park.
5．What does the underlined word “stand-ins” probably mean
A. Relatives. B. Wishes. C. Symbols. D. Gifts.
6．Why did Karen May adopt the bench
A. To remember two red foxes and a puppy.
B. To secure a lakeside bench for family use.
C. To promote her son's newly published book.
D. To celebrate her children's special moments.
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Adopt-a-Bench Program B. Two Red Foxes and a Pup
C. Benches with Stories to Tell D. A Creative Gift in the Park
[答案]
4．A
5．C
6．D
7．C
[解析]
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Caitlin LaMorte was the development manager...as a way to finance the maintenance of the benches.”可知，该计划的主要目的是为长椅的维护筹集资金。
5．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When her elder son...（a fox sped across the field when her father proposed to her mother）”可知，狐狸代表了梅女士的儿子和他的未婚妻。由此可推知，画线词为“代表”之意。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，凯伦·梅领养长椅是为了庆祝她孩子的特殊时刻。
7．标题归纳题。根据文章第一段以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了通过领养长椅计划，人们可以在长椅上放置纪念牌，讲述自己的故事和情感，使得长椅有了生命和故事。由此可知，C项最适合作文章标题。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中央公园长椅及其背后的领养计划，人们付费可在长椅上放纪念牌，纪念亲人、朋友或特殊事件，传递回忆与情感。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[（2025·福州十校期中联考）]Many years ago, when we first went to Canada, we were driving through Montana to Colorado with our two children, then aged 8 and 11. As it was getting 1 , we started looking for a hotel, only to find out that it was holiday time in that part of the country, and that all the hotels were 2 .
Finally, around 9 o'clock in the evening, we 3 at a gas station to fill up with gas. My husband asked for a 4 book and told the woman at the counter that we were trying to find a hotel. She told us it would be 5 . He tried for 15 more minutes. When he was unsuccessful, the woman, Linda, said she and her family 6 nearby and would be happy if we spent the night at her home.
My husband was 7 at her offer of generosity （慷慨）. She called her son to direct us, since she had to 8 at the gas station till midnight.
When we reached their home, her husband 9 us. He invited us to have coffee and chat while we waited for his wife. She came past 12 a.m. We asked if we could leave quietly in the morning so as not to 10 them. They said we were now 11 and we would have to have breakfast with them.
Next morning, we ate breakfast, and when we were 12 , my husband asked if he could offer some 13 . They would not hear of it and 14 we were their guests. We kept in touch for many years, and invited them to our 15 , too. Over the years, we lost touch, but we have never forgotten their kindness.
1．A. cold B. bad C. late D. hot
2．A. affected B. booked C. selected D. closed
3．A. looked B. rested C. explored D. stopped
4．A. reading B. picture C. text D. phone
5．A. impossible B. optimistic C. easy D. terrible
6．A. suffered B. worked C. lived D. travelled
7．A. encouraged B. surprised C. scared D. puzzled
8．A. play B. work C. watch D. wander
9．A. recognized B. questioned C. fed D. greeted
10．A. comfort B. disturb C. convince D. damage
11．A. guests B. tourists C. strangers D. passengers
12．A. drinking B. driving C. leaving D. staying
13．A. thanks B. payment C. kindness D. apologies
14．A. informed B. warned C. reminded D. insisted
15．A. office B. car C. home D. company
[答案]
1．C
2．B
3．D
4．D
5．A
6．C
7．B
8．B
9．D
10．B
11．A
12．C
13．B
14．D
15．C
[解析]
1．根据下文的“we started looking for a hotel”可知，天晚（late）了，所以作者开始找旅馆。
2．根据上文的“it was holiday”可知，因为是假期，所以旅馆都订（book）满了。
3．根据下文的“to fill up with gas”可知，作者是在一个加油站停下来（stop）加油。
4．根据book和下文的“He tried for 15 more minutes.”可推知，作者的丈夫要了一本电话（phone）簿试着找旅馆。
5．根据下文的“he was unsuccessful”可知，那位女士应该是说作者他们是不可能（impossible）找到旅馆的。
6．根据下文的“spent the night at her home”可知，琳达和她的家人住（live）在附近。
7．根据下文的at her offer of generosity可知，素不相识的人提出作者他们可以去她家住，这让作者的丈夫感到惊讶（surprised）。
8．根据上文的the woman at the counter可知，琳达是在加油站工作（work）。
9．根据上文的“we reached their home”可知，我们到达他们家时，她丈夫迎接（greet）我们。
10．根据上文的“leave quietly in the morning”可知，他们为了不打扰（disturb）到琳达一家所以想在早上悄悄离开。
11．根据下文的“we would have to have breakfast with them”及下文的“we were their guests”可知，此处应表示“他们说我们现在是客人（guest），所以我们得和他们一起吃早餐”。
12．根据上文的“we ate breakfast”可知，作者他们吃过早餐后应该准备离开（leave）。
13．根据上文的“asked if he could offer some”及常识可知，琳达一家为作者一家提供了食宿，作者的丈夫应该是问他是否可以给一些钱（payment）。
14．根据上文的“we were now ”及此处的“we were their guests”可知，这里他们在坚持说（insist）作者一家是他们的客人。
15．根据“invited them to our , too”可知，此处应表示“我们也邀请他们到我们家（home）做客”。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在旅游没有找到旅馆住时，遇到了在加油站上班的琳达，她给作者一家提供了食宿，他们保持联系了很多年，现在他们虽然失去了联系，可作者一家却从未忘记过琳达一家的善意。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Potted landscape art, praised as “silent poetry” and “living sculptures”, is a rare and 1. （delight） Chinese art form. In a pot no larger than a washbasin, smart craftsmen create a miniature reproduction of a natural scene 2. （use） plants, rocks and even water.
In general, the potted landscapes fall into two 3. （category）: potted landscapes composed of plants （potted plants） and those made of stones and water.
The potted plants are made of old, short stumps （树桩） that can be easily changed into a 4. （desire） shape by hanging, binding, de-leafing and grafting （嫁接）. Some are made to look like moving beasts, some like flying birds, and others like imaginary animals.
5. （make） the second form of landscapes, the stones must be carved, chemically changed and arranged in a pretty pan pot dotted with miniature pavilions, bridges, boats, lichen （地衣） and other plants. With the finest workmanship, the elements are arranged to agree with 6. laws of nature, reflecting the natural scenery with poetic charm: “Mountains extending hundreds of miles all 7. （contain） in a pot so small.”
Making potted landscapes demands painstaking efforts and 8. takes a long time to complete one. Sometimes, a craftsperson devotes all of his/her life to a piece of artwork so later generations can enjoy it to the fullest.
Potted landscapes may be as long as nine metres 9. less than 1 metre. However, the finished product looks heroic and grand, 10. lofty, famous mountains, vast deserts, and endless seas combined and contained into one pot.
[答案]
1．delightful
2．using
3．categories
4．desired/desirable
5．To make
6．the
7．are contained
8．it
9．or
10．with
[解析]
1．考查形容词。根据and连接的rare可知,空处应为形容词形式,共同构成并列形容词，修饰空后的名词短语Chinese art form。
2．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动词,use和逻辑主语smart craftsmen之间为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式。
3．考查名词复数。根据空前的two可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。
4．考查形容词。根据空后名词shape并分析句子结构可知,空处应用形容词desired/desirable，意为“想要的”，作定语修饰名词。
5．考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,空处应用动词不定式形式，表示“为了……”，作目的状语。
6．考查冠词。根据laws of nature可知，此处为特指表示“自然规律”，应用定冠词the。
7．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处为谓语动词,Mountains和动词contain之间为被动关系,结合句意可知,该句为陈述客观事实,为一般现在时,且主语Mountains是复数,be动词应用are。
8．考查代词。分析句子结构可知,it takes some time to do sth.意为“花时间做某事”，为固定句型。
9．考查连词。根据句意可知,此处为连词or表示“或者”连接前后部分。
10．考查with复合结构。分析句子结构可知,此处为with复合结构作状语。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了盆景艺术被誉为“无声的诗” “活的雕塑”,是中国难得的、令人赏心悦目的艺术形式。
Period 2 Learning About Language
动词-ing形式作主语
要义详析 探究语法
一、动词-ing的各种形式
感知经典
（1）（教材P26）Getting here is quite difficult， so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. 到达这里相当困难，所以除了萨米人之外，很少有人见过萨勒克。
（2）Having travelled to that beautiful city has made him want to travel there again. 去过那座美丽的城市旅行后，他想再去那里旅行一次。
（3）Being asked to do so much homework made him unhappy.
被要求做那么多家庭作业使他不高兴。
（4）Not finishing my task on time made me depressed.
没按时完成任务让我沮丧。
明晰规则
主动式 被动式
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having being done
1.动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
2.动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
3.动词-ing形式的被动式表示该动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。
4.动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。
二、动词-ing形式作主语
感知经典
（1）（教材P26）For hundreds of years， looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.
几百年来，照顾驯鹿是萨米人的一种生活方式。
（2）Reading books and watching movies provide different ways of experiencing stories.
阅读书籍和观看电影提供了体验故事的不同方式。
（3）It's no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
等待别人替你做决定是没有用的。
明晰规则
1.动词-ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
2.动词-ing形式作主语时的主谓一致：
（1）单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；
（2）意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
3.it作形式主语代替动词-ing形式常用于下列句型：
（1）It is no use/good doing...
（2）It is fun doing...
（3）It is a waste time/money doing...
动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语
动词-ing形式作主语时，其前常有其逻辑主语，动词-ing形式和它的逻辑主语构成动词-ing形式的复合结构，其逻辑主语往往是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
*His/Tom's getting up late in the morning made him late for class.
他/汤姆早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到。
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （admit） to a key university made his parents quite thrilled.
[答案]Being admitted
2．It is acknowledged that swimming （be） a rewarding sport in summer.
[答案]is
3．It's fun _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （spend） the holiday in this entertaining theme park.
[答案]spending
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （remind） to mind table manners made him a bit more cautious at first，but he still behaved badly.
[答案]Having been reminded
5．_ _ _ _ _ _ （jog） in the park every morning gives me energy for the day.
[答案]Jogging
6．Cooking delicious meals and baking desserts _ _ （be） her favorite pastimes on weekends.
[答案]are
7．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （bring） up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working and in dependent from a young age.
[答案]Being brought
8．[（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）]_ _ _ _ _ _ （write） has always been so difficult and painful for me， yet I got an award for writing like this
[答案]Writing
9．_ _ （she） being ill served as a reminder to everyone to take better care of their health.
[答案]Her
10．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （learn） to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
[答案]Learning
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．[（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写）]对写作的热爱促使我在大学选择了文学专业，因此，我毕业后成了一名作家。
My enthusiasm for writing led me to choose literature as my major in university and accordingly， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]being a writer became my career after graduation
2．许多学生在即将到来的高考前十分焦虑，让家长和老师都非常担心。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ makes both parents and teachers extremely concerned.
[答案]Many students' being anxious before the upcoming College Entrance Examination
3．被邀请参加这次音乐节是我莫大的荣幸。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is my great honor.
[答案]Being invited to attend the music festival
4．未收到回复使经理很担心。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ made the manager worried.
[答案]Not having received a reply
5．和拒绝听道理的人辩论是浪费时间。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ who refuses to listen to reason.
[答案]It is a waste of time debating with someone
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 单句语法填空
1．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （bite） by my dog made Linda refuse to play with me again.
[答案]Having been bitten
2．In our daily life, adopting a positive attitude （be） very important for us.
[答案]is
3．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （expose） to the sun for a long time does great harm to your skin.
[答案]Being exposed
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ （write） journal entries allows me to express my thoughts and feelings.
[答案]Writing
5．My brother's _ _ _ _ _ _ （play） the guitar makes me fail to get down to studying.
[答案]playing
6．To be honest, _ _ （he） opposing my plan made me frustrated and disappointed.
[答案]his
7．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （attract） more foreign visitors to China to experience Chinese culture will have a far-reaching impact.
[答案]Attracting
8．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （visit） Paris made John desperately want to experience the charm of that city again.
[答案]Having visited
9．_ _ _ _ _ _ （stay） away from junk food and _ _ _ _ _ _ （eat） healthy food like vegetables and fish will benefit you.
[答案]Staying； eating
10．Keep in mind that it is no good _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （recite） without understanding.
[答案]reciting
11．However, _ _ _ _ （be） a third-culture kid is not always easy.
[答案]being
12．However， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （bring） too many people to the remote place could damage local culture.
[答案]bringing
13．_ _ _ _ _ _ （have） a good command of English puts me at an advantage over other students.
[答案]Having
14．Do you know that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （chat） with wise men improves your mind
[答案]chatting
15．I think is a waste of time sitting in front of the television all day.
[答案]it
16．_ _ _ _ _ _ （play） the violin will make one person full of imagination.
[答案]Playing
17．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （engage） in regular physical exercise significantly enhances overall well-being.
[答案]Engaging
18．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （travel） often exposes you to new cultures and experiences.
[答案]Travelling
19．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （analyze） market trends helps companies make informed business decisions.
[答案]Analyzing
20．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （adopt） a healthy diet improves physical and mental performance.
[答案]Adopting
维度二 语法与写作
1．他对计算机技术了解不多，这让他很困扰。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ troubled him a lot.
[答案]His not knowing much about computer technology
2．和伯纳德一起制作爆米花是帮助他摆脱困境的好方法。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to help him out of the difficulty.
[答案]Making popcorn together with Bernard was a splendid way
3．被禁止外出使我过着无聊的生活。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ made me live a boring life.
[答案]Being banned from going outside
4．对未来感到焦虑是没有用的，相反，我们应该专注于今天能控制的事情。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ; instead, we should focus on what we can control today.
[答案]It's no use feeling anxious about the future
5．搬进新社区的新家是一次激动人心的经历。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is an exciting experience.
[答案]Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood
6．约翰看到了她，但这并没有使她感到不安。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ didn't make her worried.
[答案]John's having seen her
7．努力说服他去度假是没有用的，因为他是个工作狂。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because he is a work addict.
[答案]It is no use trying to persuade him to have a holiday
8．他们来帮忙对我们来说是一个很大的鼓舞。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ was a great encouragement to us.
[答案]Their coming to help
9．他不假思索就接受了这个决定，这样对他没有益处。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is not good for him.
[答案]His accepting the decision without any consideration
10．了解一点唐朝历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ can help you have a better understanding of Tang poetry.
[答案]Knowing a little about Tang Dynasty history
维度三 语篇填空
Li Hua is addicted to searching for information on the Internet. His mother is worried about his health and advises him to surf the Internet properly, but it is no use 1. （persuade） him because he doesn't listen. This is what his job requires. His mother wants him to change his job, but he likes it and enjoys it. 2. （stay） up late has become his habit. There is no way, otherwise he would not finish the task assigned by the leader. In my opinion, it is no good 3. （live） in excess. 4. （work） hard is one thing and 5. （have） a good rest is another. There is no 6. （deny） that we should form a good routine.
[答案]
1．persuading
2．Staying
3．living
4．Working
5．having
6．denying
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[（2025·宁波三锋教研联盟期中）]A
Into the Wild
—Get to know some of the mammals that call Yellowstone home
Bison
Bison can weigh up to 2,000 pounds and are herbivores （食草动物）. Despite their size, they are very mobile and can run up to 30 mph and jump up to six feet vertically. In 1902, America's wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to over-hunting. Conservation efforts increased the Yellowstone bison population to 4,800 in 2023. See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys.
Gray Wolf
Gray wolves had gone extinct in Yellowstone until 14 were reintroduced in 1995. Today, approximately 108 wolves live here. These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black. They hunt elk, deer and bison near dawn and dusk thanks to their excellent night vision. For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning.
Elk
Up to 20,000 elk summer in Yellowstone, but most move to lower elevations in the winter months. Elk are a large member of the deer family and can be identified by their size and white rumps. Mating season, known as “the rut”, occurs each fall when male elk fight with each other for females. In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley.
Grizzly Bear
One of two species of bears in Yellowstone, grizzlies are big. They can weigh up to 700 pounds and have a distinctive hump between their shoulders. Grizzlies are omnivores and will eat bugs, plants, fish and mammals. Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you're lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance.
1．Where can you see bison in Yellowstone
A. Blacktail Deer Plateau.
B. Cascade Meadows.
C. Hayden, Lamar, and Pelican valleys.
D. Madison Canyon.
2．How does the passage present the reintroduction of gray wolves into Yellowstone
A. As a recent failure.
B. As a successful conservation effort.
C. As a historical event with no current impact.
D. As an unimportant detail.
3．What does the underlined word “omnivores” refer to
A. Animals that only eat plants.
B. Animals that only eat insects.
C. Animals that eat both plants and other animals.
D. Animals that only eat fish.
[答案]
1．C
2．B
3．C
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据Bison部分中的“See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys.”可知，你能在黄石公园的海登山谷、拉马尔山谷和鹈鹕山谷看到野牛。
2．推理判断题。根据Gray Wolf部分中的“Gray wolves had gone extinct...108 wolves live here.”可知，灰狼在黄石公园数量有所增加，所以将灰狼重新引入黄石公园是一项成功的保护工作。
3．词义猜测题。根据Grizzly Bear部分中的“Grizzlies are omnivores and will eat bugs, plants, fish and mammals.”可知，灰熊吃植物和其他动物，所以它是杂食性动物，由此可知omnivores是“杂食性动物”的意思。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国黄石公园四种常见的野生哺乳动物。
[（2025·山东多校期中联考）]B
Tigers can weigh over 600 pounds, leap up to 20 feet and take down prey （猎物） nearly five times their weight. But for all their strength, their position on the food chain in their habitats can be fragile. To survive, a single tiger must consume about 100 pounds of flesh each week. That equals about 50 large animals each year. This means tigers require large parts of land, and the land must be filled with prey.
In the past century, however, people have been closing in, clearing vast areas of habitat for agriculture. Hunting has also driven down numbers of prey animals. An estimated global tiger population of 100,000 in 1900, spread across Asia and parts of the Middle East, today measures about 4,500. The number was 3,200 in 2010. Tigers now occupy less than 7% of their historical range. In India, where 70% of the world's wild tigers live, human population growth and development are pressing people and tigers closer together. Millions of people now live in “buffer zones” around tiger reserves, and each year tigers kill hundreds of farm animals.
Krithi, head of the Centre for Wildlife Studies, spends significant time and resources trying to reduce human-wildlife conflict. One of the centre's programs works with around 2,000 rural communities to provide government payments for people who have lost farm animals to tigers' attacks. “These payments don't fully make up for what people have lost, but can help them face it,” Krithi says. “If these payments don't reach people, the chance of building hatred toward tigers will go up.”
Another program teaches children about the role tigers and other animals play in their ecosystems. Krithi says, “Or the kids will view wildlife with hostility and fear.” It also provides them with simple tips, such as carrying flashlights and talking loudly while traveling in groups, to keep them safe near wildlife.
4．What condition must tigers need for survival
A. High mountains. B. Vast grasslands.
C. Large population. D. Enough land and prey.
5．Which has the largest population of the world's wild tigers
A. Asia. B. Africa. C. Europe. D. America.
6．What is the purpose of the government payments
A. To pay for the losses of crops.
B. To encourage people to raise tigers.
C. To make up for the losses of people.
D. To inspire people to keep more farm animals.
7．How many simple suggestions are given in the last paragraph
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
[答案]
4．D
5．A
6．C
7．A
[解析]
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“To survive, a single tiger...tigers require large parts of land, and the land must be filled with prey.”可知，老虎为了生存需要大量的土地和食物。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In India, where...closer together.”可知，亚洲拥有世界上最大的野生老虎数量。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One of the centre's programs works...for people who have lost farm animals to tigers' attacks.”可推知，政府付款的目的是弥补人们因老虎袭击而失去家畜的损失。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It also provides them with simple tips, such as carrying flashlights and talking loudly...safe near wildlife.”可知，最后一段给出了两条简单的建议，分别是携带手电筒和在集体出行时大声说话。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老虎在自然栖息地中的生存状况、面临的威胁以及人类为缓解人类与野生动物冲突所采取的措施。
[（2025·广东深圳高级中学期中）]C
Many gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them grow—it turns out that they may not be crazy at all. According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.
For their experiment, the scientists picked a cabbage plant that is known to send out a gas when its surface is cut. In order to get video evidence of the communication, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the luciferase （荧光素酶）, which is what makes fireflies （萤火虫） glow in the dark.
When the changed cabbage plant was in full bloom, they cut a leaf off with a pair of scissors, and almost immediately, thanks to the luciferase, they could see the plant sending out “methyl jasmonate （茉莉酸甲酯）”.
While this was a known fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began to be released, the nearby cabbage plants seemed to detect some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they normally have to keep enemies like caterpillars （毛虫） away.
What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants of the danger—something that will require further research. However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.
8．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. Gardeners. B. Plants. C. Scientists. D. Fireflies.
9．Which of the following statements is NOT true of the passage when the plant sent out “methyl jasmonate”
A. The nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger.
B. The nearby cabbage plants started to send out a gas.
C. The nearby cabbage plants tried to warn the near plants.
D. The nearby cabbage plants communicated through a secret language.
10．What can we learn from the experiment
A. Plants don't live a passive life.
B. Plants can feel pain when they are cut.
C. Plants can warn the other leaves of danger.
D. Plants can talk with each other.
11．From which of the following is the passage probably taken
A. A health magazine. B. A biology magazine.
C. A medical research paper. D. A travel brochure.
[答案]
8．A
9．C
10．A
11．B
[解析]
8．代词指代题。根据指代关系和画线词所在句可推知,they指代上文中的“gardeners”。
9．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“What the scientists are not sure...require further research.”可知，科学家们不确定这些植物是否在试图警告附近的植物。因此C项表述有误。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“plants do not live a passive life...with each other”可知,植物不是被动地生活。
11．文章出处题。通读全文,尤其是第一段中的“According to the scientists...a secret ‘unseen’ language.”和最后一段中的“this is the first time...with each other”可知,文章介绍了科学家们发现植物之间可能在通过一种“看不见的”语言进行交流。由此可推知,本文很可能选自生物学杂志。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发现植物之间可能在通过一种“看不见的”语言进行交流。
Ⅱ.七选五
[（2025·宜昌协作体期中）]How to Beat Boredom over the Summer
The first week of summer is wonderful. By the second week, you almost want to go back to school early. Shake that thought out of your head. There's a world of activity out there, so seize the day and see what catches your attention.
Learn a new hobby. Is there something you've always wanted to learn, but didn't think you could 1. You can learn to play a musical instrument. Taking up singing or dancing is also a good choice.
Volunteer. 2. Of course, you're working towards a good cause as well. Volunteering is always a great way to give back to the community, connect and meet new people as well as a relaxing form of exercising. Look for an organization in your area that picks up trash, works with injured or abandoned animals, or works for political causes.
3. Look at your town's tourism website or brochures advertising events and find out what attracts people traveling from other locations. There might be anything from museums to playgrounds lurking （潜藏） in your town, or areas a short drive away.
Check out a set of books from the library. Books can transport you into a different world, or let you see through the eyes of others. Try learning all you can on a particular topic. 4. Some of the world's top universities even post lectures online, and these are often more interesting than high school classes.
Learn a language. Knowing a foreign language can lead to many opportunities, not to mention it looks good on college applications. Get started by finding a beginner's class nearby, or ask a friend or family member to teach you a language they know. 5.
A.Act like a tourist in your town.
B.Work as a guide to promote your city.
C.Helping your community can be satisfying, uplifting work.
D.If you want to learn even more, try an online college course.
E.Summer might provide the free time you need to pick up something new.
F.It'll keep you busy, introduce you to new people, and enable you to earn money.
G.It's also a good idea to search online for la