Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.The old （寺院） located in south of the city dates back to the Tang Dynasty.
2.He was humming a familiar （曲调） while walking in the dark street.
3.He was one of the greatest scientific and mathematical （天才）.
4.During the war， more walls were put up to defend the borders of different k .
5.The team made an e effort to fight against the disease.
维度二：词形转换
1. （history） have agreed on this view that the custom dates back to Ming Dynasty.
2.I have to recite the lines as fluently as possible， as I will play an important part in a （romance） story.
3.I want to start work on the garden but the house must take （prior）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （在……之前） the exams， it’s essential to establish a consistent study routine.
2. （总而言之）， the celebrations were remarkably good-humored and peaceful.
3.How could she have been so foolish as to （爱上） him？
4.The soldier （下定决心） defend his country against any foreign invaders.
5. （既然） you are interested in traditional Chinese culture， I think it is worthwhile to experience this festival.
6.His dream of becoming a university teacher has （实现）.
7.The following year （他的母亲康复了）.
8.I thought her kind and honest （我第一次看见她）.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It was a snowy day during the spring break when I walked into a great restaurant.In this blizzard weather， it was the only restaurant that remained open.
The restaurant has a long history in Hong Kong.Its owners， the couple， Peter and Michelle， have been running the restaurant since 2007.
“Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years，” Peter said.“Chinese students 20 years ago thought that a 70-cent bowl of rice was too expensive， but now a $20 meal is acceptable.” He also said that the new generation of Chinese students engaged with other students， bringing all their non-Chinese friends to visit the restaurant.
Peter takes great pride in his own cooking.He was curious about how the food was made and why particular foods or sauces had specific tastes.He chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food at the restaurant， featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum or hot pot.
When I asked whether he would modify the taste of the dishes to suit the taste of most Americans， Peter said， “We are not like those American-Chinese restaurants.We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our customers， and they will love it because it is delicious， and their taste will suit the taste of our dishes， not the other way around.”
“If I hear complaints from my customers， I will be so upset that I can’t fall asleep at night，” he said.“Luckily， most of my favorite dishes received wide acclaim from my customers and it takes more than one person’s effort.”
He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s enjoyment of their work and thought.
Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued in the past.The craftsman’s spirit with perfection， precision， concentration， and patience remains in Peter and his cooking.
1.How long have the couple been running the restaurant？（ ）
A.17 years. B.20 years.
C.30 years. D.70 years.
2.Why is the restaurant different from other American-Chinese restaurants？（ ）
A.Its customers are mainly Chinese.
B.It adjusts the taste according to the customers.
C.Its menu merely contains Guangdong and Sichuan food.
D.It sticks to its original taste of the dishes.
3.What can we know about Peter from the passage？（ ）
A.He believes that cooking just needs one person’s effort.
B.He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
C.He shows an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
D.He doesn’t care about the customers’ complaints at all.
4.In which part of the newspaper can you read the passage？（ ）
A.Geography. B.Art.
C.Food. D.Literature.
B
If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team，the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand， weather or humans.
Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall paintings at Dunhuang，in Northwest China’s Gansu Province.Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art — more than 2，000 Buddha figures and 45，000 square metres of paintings spread among 735 caves.It is China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduating from Peking University in 1963.While in Dunhuang，a remote village in the desert then，Fan lived in an abandoned temple.At first，she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night.To protect the treasures from sand and dampness， Fan and other workers put doors on the caves，planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves.They also control the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s，with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended，the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes，but found Fan firmly in their way.“The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed，” she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all the sculptures and paintings.“Despite our efforts to minimize damage，we can’t completely stop them from being eroded （腐蚀）.But the digital database will last.”
Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation.Her two sons grew up with their aunt.“I have not been a good mother or wife.With regard to my family， I’m full of guilt，” she said.Fan retired as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political advisor.
5.Which measure didn’t Fan Jinshi and her team take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes？（ ）
A.They opened Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B.They planted trees and stopped the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.
C.They pictured and classified all the sculptures and paintings online.
D.They put doors on the caves and monitored temperature and humidity.
6.When was Fan separated from her husband？（ ）
A.In 1963. B.In 1967.
C.In 1986. D.In the late 1990s.
7.What is the passage mainly about？（ ）
A.The history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
B.The attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
C.Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
D.The appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
8.What kind of person do you think Fan is？（ ）
A.Considerate and easy-going.
B.Kind and intelligent.
C.Humorous and sweet-tempered.
D.Devoted and persistent.
C
As a type of dwelling （住宅） in China， cave dwellings （yaodong in Chinese） still can be found in many places of China.According to official statistics， there are still 40 million people living in such dwellings in China.
As early as the New Stone Age， using a wooden framework， grass and soil， families living in the middle reaches of the Yellow River built simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains.Over 4，000 years ago， the real caves started to be constructed， which could be related to the natural surroundings.In the areas that were popular with such dwellings， there was very thick loess （黄土）.People made full use of the loess layers to create the original cave dwellings.
A cave is usually 6－8 meters long， around 3 meters wide and around 3 meters high.From the outside， it comes in the shape of an arc （拱形）， which presents the ancient opinion of “Heaven is round and Ground is square”.Furniture in these caves is very simple， such as a wooden table， wooden chairs and an earth sleeping platform （kang in Chinese）.
The most important and unique characteristic of a cave dwelling is that the inside of it is cool in summer and warm in winter.The natural architectural features protect the cave dwellers from being affected by the changes of the environment or weather.Besides， its creation does not damage the environment or occupy farmland.Another feature is that you will feel quite quiet inside.
In Yan’an in northern Shaanxi， a family usually has 3 to 5 caves.The middle one is the chief house， in which the grandparents or parents live.At the bottom right of each dwelling， people usually leave a small pass for their pets， such as cats or dogs， to go through.When constructing the gate for the whole yard， there is a traditional taboo that none of the caves should be in line with the gate.Otherwise， bad luck may fall upon this family.
9.What can we know about cave dwellings？（ ）
A.They were built using wood， grass， and bamboo.
B.They are a very popular kind of house in the world.
C.They have been around for about 2，000 years.
D.They are usually found in areas with thick loess.
10.Which of the following best describes a cave？（ ）
A.Arc-shaped. B.Square-shaped.
C.Round-shaped. D.Rectangular-shaped.
11.What is the most unique feature of a cave dwelling？（ ）
A.It is quiet inside.
B.It does not occupy farmland.
C.It is environmentally friendly.
D.It is warm in winter and cool in summer.
12.What is the main purpose of the text？（ ）
A.To describe the process of building traditional cave dwellings.
B.To introduce the unique architecture of cave dwellings to readers.
C.To discuss the historical and cultural significance of cave dwellings.
D.To explore the living conditions and lifestyles of people in cave dwellings.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Can knots be a form of art？ 13.（ ）.A Chinese knot is a knot that is tied and woven from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes and varying complexity.Knot weavers can use a variety of colors， but they usually weave deep red ones.14.（ ）.
History of Chinese knots
People may have originally made them to record information and convey messages before people started to write.One-hundred-thousand-year-old tools that were probably used to tie and untie knots have been discovered， and there is a reference to knots in ancient literature.15.（ ）.It is known that they were used to symbolize and express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.
Ancient and modern use of artistic knots
Even today， Chinese knots are rich in symbolic meaning.16.（ ）.For example， in ancient times and even now， lovers may give a knot as a sign of their love.The “true love knot” and the “double happiness knot” are given or used at weddings to express common love and growing old together in reality.Knots represent love and marriage in Chinese culture.So a knot given to a marriage partner or a couple means all these things and having children as well.
17.（ ）
Along with being symbolic gifts or messages， knots are still used if they wear traditional Chinese clothing or as good luck charms （护身符）.They are a means of fastening traditional garment instead of clothes buttons.Now， silk is most widely used to make these clothing knots.They are used as jewelry such as even rings， earrings and necklaces.They are sold as handicraft novelty items too.
A.It is truly in China
B.Knots are symbols of China
C.Modern usage of artistic knots
D.Knots can be seen in ancient China
E.The color red signifies good fortune
F.They therefore hold emotional value when given as gifts
G.But it isn’t known when they first started to be used symbolically
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你看到莫高窟受到了自然和人为的破坏，为此感到心痛。因此，请你给当地政府写封邮件，希望能够采取措施保护这宝贵的文化遗产，内容包括：
1.莫高窟现状：受到破坏；
2.保护文化遗产的重要性；
3.你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.temple 2.tune 3.geniuses 4.kingdoms 5.enormous
维度二
1.Historians 2.romantic 3.priority
维度三
1.Prior to
2.On the whole
3.fall in love with
4.was determined to
5.Now that
6.come true
7.saw the recovery of his mother
8.the first time I saw her
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过讲述香港Peter和Michelle夫妇开的餐馆，高度赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统食品的工匠精神。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，自从2007年至今（2024年）已有17年之久。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的We are not like those ...not the other way around.可知，这家餐厅坚持中国菜肴的原汁原味。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句以及倒数第二段内容可推知，Peter以做最好的典型的中国菜而自豪。
4.C 文章出处题。通读全文尤其是文章末句可知，本文主要讲述了香港Peter和Michelle夫妇开的餐馆，并赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统食品的工匠精神。由此推断，本文应来自食品专栏。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了樊锦诗守护敦煌莫高窟的故事。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，为了保护这些珍宝不被沙子和潮气侵蚀，樊锦诗和其他工作人员在洞穴上安了门，种了树，并开始监测洞穴内的温度和湿度。他们还控制着游客的数量。根据第五段第一句可知，敦煌画院现在已经在网上为所有的雕塑和绘画拍照并编目。
6.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，1986年，在19年的分离之后，她的丈夫来到敦煌，樊对此很感激。由此可知，她与丈夫是在1967年分开的。
7.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，如果没有樊锦诗和她的团队，地处中国偏远沙漠的敦煌莫高窟可能早就被沙子、天气或人类破坏了。本文主要是关于樊锦诗致力于保护敦煌莫高窟的。
8.D 推理判断题。根据樊锦诗放弃照顾家庭、守护敦煌莫高窟的事迹可判断，樊锦诗具有奉献和坚持不懈的精神。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了窑洞这一传统的中国民居。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，窑洞通常出现在黄土较厚的地区。
10.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“From the outside ...and Ground is square’.”可知，窑洞通常是拱形的。
11.D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，窑洞最独特的特点是冬暖夏凉。
12.B 写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了窑洞这一传统的中国民居，目的是介绍其独特的窑洞建筑。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国结这门艺术，包括其历史以及在古代和现在的用法等。
13.A 空前问句提出结能否作为艺术的问题，空后一句介绍中国结的概念。A项（在中国确实如此）说明结在中国的确是一门艺术，回答空前的问题，并引出下文的概念，其中的China和空后句的Chinese相呼应。
14.E 空前一句介绍结常常是深红色的。E项（红色象征着好运）说明红色的寓意，解释用红色的原因，承接上文，其中的red在上文有同词复现。
15.G 空前一句介绍已知的有关结的考古发现文献记载，空后一句介绍已知的结在唐代的象征性用法。G项指出其首次象征性用法的时间是未知的，和上文构成转折，并引出下文，其中的they指代上文的knots，symbolically与下文的symbolize相呼应。
16.F 空前一句说明中国结具有丰富的象征意义，空后的举例说明恋人之间的结的象征意义。F项介绍中国结作为礼物时的情感价值，承接上文。
17.C 根据本段首句可知，本段主要介绍结在现在的用处。C项（艺术结的现代用法）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Sir or Madam，
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are suffering damage due to natural forces such as frequent sandstorms.What’s worse，some tourists even carve their names on the walls， making me heartbroken.
I hope the authorities can take measures to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.For one thing，cultural heritage，which is the witness to the historical development，is an important basis for historical research.For another， it is likely to provide a source of tourism income， if maintained well.
I would appreciate it if my suggestions were accepted.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
5 / 5Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
READING CHINA
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to① us all.But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received？ Today， four Sinologists② and translators③share their experience of Chinese literature with us.They are：
Petko， aged 43 from Bulgaria
Annelous， aged 34 from the Netherlands
Joachim， aged 25 from France
Mai， aged 28 from Egypt
Q1：How did you get interested in Chinese literature？
Petko：[1] It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with④ China.I was amazed by⑤ Chinese kung fu， of course — everyone loves kung fu， don’t they？ I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful， and I found that I liked Chinese music， too — I just loved the movie’s theme tune⑥， Song of the Shepherd.
Annelous： I became interested in languages at a young age.When I started high school， I began reading books about Chinese history and culture， and this inspired⑦ me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major⑧ at university.
Joachim： When I was 15 years old， my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji， or Records of the Grand Historian.Prior to⑨ that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to⑩ were Homer’s epic poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with Chinese classical literature.After reading it， I realised the true genius of China’s “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.His writing had a profound effect on me， and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.
Mai： I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world， so reading Chinese literature was a stimulating and inspiring experience.
[1]本句为复合句，I watched为省略了that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词movie； when I was a boy 为时间状语从句。
Q2： How do you select works to translate？
Petko： I particularly like classical Chinese literature， especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties.[2] I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it， and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.[3] Now that this dream has come true， my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Annelous： [4]In the Netherlands， the decision as to which works of Chinese literature get translated is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists. In addition， publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there.I’ve so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors， and I’m looking forward to their new works.
Joachim： I just go with what I like and what I am interested in.I’ve translated some poems by Dai Wangshu.Right now， I’m doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century.
Mai： I don’t care if a writer is popular or not.What interests me most is the work itself.I’ve translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin.I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-published online by new， young authors — they have some good ideas.
[2]本句为复合句，the first time 引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。
[3]本句为复合句，Now that 引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为，既然”。
[4]本句为复合句，which works of Chinese literature get translated为which引导的名词性从句，作as to 的宾语。
Q3：Which works by Chinese writers are popular in your country？
Petko： Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in Bulgaria.[5] When you consider that here the best a writer can usually hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work， Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria！
Annelous： [6]Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.On the whole ， I do have to admit that here， people’s knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited .
Joachim： Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have been translated into French.And the novels of some contemporary writers also sell quite well in France.Literature has a lot of significance to the French， and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of .
Mai： Egyptians like literature that reflects human nature and experience.A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping.I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common .Because of this， Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
[5]本句为复合句，When引导时间状语从句；that 引导宾语从句；a writer can usually hope for为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词best； to sell a few hundred copies of their work为动词不定式短语作表语。
[6]本句为简单句，主语为Each year，为无生命名词作主语。
【读文清障】
①be familiar to
为……所熟悉
②Sinologist n.汉学家
③translator n.翻译，译员
translate v.翻译
translation n.翻译
④fall in love with 爱上
⑤be amazed by
对……感到惊讶
⑥tune n.曲调，旋律
theme tune 主题曲
⑦inspire v.激励，鼓舞；赋予灵感
inspiration n.灵感
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；激励的；启发灵感的
⑧academic major
学术专业
⑨prior adj.先前的；较早的
prior to 在……之前，先于……
⑩be exposed to 接触；暴露于；面临
encounter n.相遇，邂逅
genius n.天才，天赋
have a profound effect on ...对……有深远的影响
passion n.热情；激情
stimulating adj.激励人心的； 趣味盎然的
stimulate v.促进；激发；激励
particularly adv.尤其，特别
be determined to do ...
决定做……
translate ...into ...
把……翻译成……
respected adj.受人尊敬的
respect n.& v.尊敬
respectable adj.
可敬的
look forward to期待；盼望
go with 伴随；与……相伴而生
keep a close eye on
密切关注；仔细观察
best-seller n.畅销品；畅销书
publish v.出版
publisher n.出版人（或机构）
publishment n.出版，发行
on the whole 大体上说；总的来说
limited adj.有限的
significance n.意义，重要性
significant adj.重要的
be highly thought of 被高度赞扬
reflect v.反映
be closely connected 联系密切
have ...in common 有相同之处
strike a chord 引起共鸣；打动心弦
【参考译文】
解读中国
我们都对中国文学再熟悉不过了。可你有没有想过，在中国以外的地方，人们都读过哪些中国文学作品？这些作品受到怎样的评价？今天，四位汉学家、译者将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历。他们是：
佩特科，43岁，来自保加利亚
安妮鲁斯，34岁，来自荷兰
若阿基姆，25岁，来自法国
马伊，28岁，来自埃及
问题1：你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的？
佩特科：一切都要从我小时候看的一部叫《少林寺》的电影说起。那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由。我当然为中国功夫所叹服——人人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来那么美，我发现我也喜欢中国的音乐——我特别喜欢这部电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。
安妮鲁斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。上高中的时候，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。
若阿基姆：我15岁的时候，妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史记》。在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。《史记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品。通过阅读《史记》，我领略了中国“太史公”司马迁的才华。他的文章对我影响很大，激发了我对中国文学的热情。
马伊：我开始从事翻译工作后，渐渐对中国文学产生了兴趣。埃及大多数文学译作来自英语国家，所以读中国文学作品使人兴奋，也鼓舞人心。
问题2：你是如何选择作品来翻译的？
佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。现在这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》。
安妮鲁斯：在荷兰，声望高的汉学家的意见很大程度上影响翻译作品的选择。此外，出版社往往会参考其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。到目前为止，我已经翻译了几位中国年轻作家的作品，而且我期待着他们的新作品。
若阿基姆：我只是随着喜好和兴趣走。我翻译了戴望舒的一些诗。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的流行文学。
马伊：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。我最感兴趣的是作品本身。我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的作品。我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。
问题3：中国哪些作家的作品在贵国较受欢迎？
佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本。在保加利亚，作者通常最期待的是自己的作品卖几百本，《三十六计》在保加利亚是畅销书！
安妮鲁斯：每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生活。总的来说，我不得不承认，在荷兰，人们对中国文学的了解相当有限。
若阿基姆：像鲁迅、沈从文等现代作家的许多作品已被翻译成了法语。而且一些当代作家的小说在法国也卖得很好。文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高评价。
马伊：埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学。其中，史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国联系紧密，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What factors in the film The Shaolin Temple made Petko like Chinese literature？（ ）
A.Chinese kung fu. B.The Chinese language.
C.Chinese music. D.All the above.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about Annelous？ （ ）
A.He has translated the writings of several young Chinese authors.
B.He thinks the Dutch know very little about Chinese literature.
C.A trip to China inspired him to learn Chinese.
D.He took Chinese as his academic major at university.
3.What does “this” mean in the sentence “...I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.”？（ ）
A.Sima Qian’s Shi Ji.
B.Homer’s epic poems.
C.Sima Qian’s personality.
D.Sima Qian’s writing style.
4.What do we know from the description of Mai？（ ）
A.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from Arabic-speaking world.
B.Egyptians like literature reflecting human nature and experience.
C.Egypt and China have little in common because they are so far apart.
D.Egyptian literature strikes a chord in the hearts of Chinese readers.
第三步：析难句表达升级
1.When I started high school， I began reading books about Chinese history and culture， and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university.
句式分析 句中When引导 从句；主句中reading books about Chinese history and culture为动词-ing形式作began的 ，to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university为动词不定式短语作 。
自主翻译
2.The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.
句式分析 句中that引导 从句，because引导 从句。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
tune n.曲调，旋律 v.为……调音；调试
【教材原句】 I just loved the movie’s theme tune， Song of the Shepherd.
我特别喜欢这部电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。
【用法】
（1）in tune （with ...） （与……）合拍；（与……）一致 out of tune （with ...） （与……）不合拍；（与……）不一致 （2）tune in 收看；收听 tune up 给（乐器）调音，定调 （3）in good tune 音调准确；协调，融合
【佳句】 I don’t know the title but I recognize the tune.
我不知道曲名，但听得出曲调。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Biologists have been puzzled for years about why flowers suddenly burst out everywhere on the same day， as if they were tune with one another.
②Don’t forget to tune to the live broadcast of the school’s talent show tonight at 7 pm.
【写美】 补全句子
③Music is unbearable for ears.
走调的音乐让人无法听下去。
prior adj.先前的；较早的
【教材原句】 Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。
【用法】
（1）prior to 在……之前，先于…… （2）priority n. 优先（权）；优先考虑的事 give priority to 优先考虑，给予……优先权 have/take priority over 较……享有优先权 （3）senior to 比……年长的 junior to 比……年轻的 inferior to 比……差的 superior to 比……好的
【佳句】 It is a must for lecturers to polish what they will present prior to the presentation.
对演讲者来说，在演讲前润色他要讲的内容是必须的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Finishing the assignments takes （prior） over discussing extracurricular topics.
②These organizations give priority those employees who can speak English fluently and write a standard form of English.
③They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of prior engagement.
【写美】 补全句子
④All the arrangements should be made .
在你离开之前一切都要做好安排。
⑤ to find somewhere to live.
我首先要考虑的事是找个地方住。
be exposed to 接触；暴露于；面临；暴露在
【教材原句】 Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。
【用法】
（1）expose v. 暴露 expose sb/sth （to sth） 使某人/某物面临，使遭受（危险或不快） （2）exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；暴露的 （3）exposure n. 面临，遭受（危险或不快）；揭露 exposure to 接触……
【佳句】 The more one is exposed to the English-speaking environment， the better he or she will learn the language.
一个人接触说英语的环境越多，他或她学习这门语言就会越好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is claimed that more （expose） to direct sunlight could help your body produce Vitamin D.
②You shouldn’t expose the soldiers unnecessary risks.
③ （expose） to so many advertisements， we can’t help being persuaded into buying it.
【写美】 补全句子
④ direct sunlight too much can easily get you sunburnt.
过度暴露在阳光直射下很容易被晒伤。
keep an eye on留意；注意；照看
【教材原句】 I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-published online by new，young authors — they have some good ideas.
我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。
【用法】
catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意 in the eyes of sb/in one’s eyes 在某人看来 have an eye for 能欣赏……；对……有眼光 对……视而不见 look sb in the eye（s） 直视/正视某人
【佳句】 I have to keep an eye on my son when he is playing at the park because he tends to wander off.当我的儿子在公园玩的时候，我不得不看着他，因为他经常走失。
【点津】 keep an eye on可以用在很多不同的场景中，比如护送或监护子女、宠物、家庭财产，以及监护家庭成员和工作人员，以确保他们正确地完成任务。在很多情况下，利用keep an eye on这个习语可以很好地防止事情发展到极端。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①To our surprise，the headmaster turned a blind eye the bad behaviour of his pupils.
②My mother has an eye bargains and she is good at bargaining over the price.
【写美】 补全句子
③Campers， ， are people who enjoy insect bites， ill-cooked meals， and uncomfortable sleeping bags.
在我看来，露营者是一群喜欢被虫咬、吃糟糕的饭菜和睡不舒服的睡袋的人。
④We’ve asked the neighbours to for us while we are away.
我们请邻居在我们不在的时候，帮我们照看一下房子。
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：the first time引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】 I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it， and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.
我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。
【用法】
（1）the first time意为“第一次”，在句中起连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。 （2）any time， each time， last time， next time之类的短语都可用作连词，用以引导状语从句。
【品悟】 The first time I came here， I got caught in the extremely bad weather.
我第一次来到这里就遇到了极度恶劣的天气。
【点津】 the first time 用作连词，引导状语从句。for the first time 为介词短语，意为“初次，第一次”，在句中作状语。
【写美】 微写作
①我第一次见到她时就觉得她很好，很诚实。（心理描写）
I thought her nice and honest .
②这么多年来，我第一次真正专注于我的学业。（日常活动）
in years， I was really concentrating on my school work.
③每次见到他，我都感到心里一阵刺痛。（情感描写）
I felt a stab of pain in my heart .
句型公式：无生命名词作主语
【教材原句】 Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.
每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。
【用法】
无生命名词作主语，是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类： （1）以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用see， find， witness等动词作句子的谓语，表示发生某情况，经历或经受了某事。 （2）表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词（如word， anger， faith， melancholy， idea， courage， desire等）作主语，用visit， fail， desert， escape， seize等动词作句子的谓语。 （3）具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用使役动词（如remind， make， let等）作句子的谓语。
【写美】 微写作
①19世纪后半叶见证了旅行工具的稳步改进。
The last half of the nineteenth century in the means of travel.
②黄昏时，这对老夫妇吃完晚饭一起遛狗。
Dusk walking their dog together after supper.
③有几次我几乎要和他说话，但后来我失去了勇气。（动作描写）
Several times I almost brought myself to the point of speaking to him， but .
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.amazed 2.history and culture 3.genius 4.inspiring
5.classical 6.respected 7.work 8.best-seller
9.everyday 10.experience
第二步
1－4 DCAB
第三步
1.时间状语 宾语 宾语补足语 上高中的时候， 我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。
2.定语 原因状语 购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生活。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①in ②in ③out of tune
2.①priority ②to ③a ④prior to your departure
⑤My first priority is
3.①exposure ②to ③Exposed ④Being exposed to
4.①to ②for ③in the eyes of me/in my eyes
④keep an eye on the house
重点句型解构
1.①the first time I saw her ②For the first time
③each time I saw him
2.①witnessed the steady improvement ②saw the old couple
③my courage failed me
10 / 10(共107张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
READING CHINA
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to① us all.But
have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and
how they are received？ Today， four Sinologists② and translators③share
their experience of Chinese literature with us.They are：
Petko， aged 43 from Bulgaria
Annelous， aged 34 from the Netherlands
Joachim， aged 25 from France
Mai， aged 28 from Egypt
Q1：How did you get interested in Chinese literature？
Petko：[1] It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy —
The Shaolin Temple. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love
with④ China.I was amazed by⑤ Chinese kung fu， of course — everyone
loves kung fu， don’t they？ I also thought the Chinese language
sounded so beautiful， and I found that I liked Chinese music， too — I
just loved the movie’s theme tune⑥， Song of the Shepherd.
Annelous： I became interested in languages at a young age.When I
started high school， I began reading books about Chinese history and
culture， and this inspired⑦ me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic
major⑧ at university.
Joachim： When I was 15 years old， my mother bought me a copy
of the classic Shi Ji， or Records of the Grand Historian.Prior to⑨ that，
the only great historical works I had been exposed to⑩ were Homer’s epic
poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with
Chinese classical literature.After reading it， I realised the true genius of
China’s “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.His writing had a profound
effect on me， and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese
literature.
Mai： I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started
working as a translator.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt
are from the English-speaking world， so reading Chinese literature was a
stimulating and inspiring experience.
[1]本句为复合句，I watched为省略了that或which的定语从句，
修饰先行词movie； when I was a boy 为时间状语从句。
【读文清障】
①be familiar to
为……所熟悉
②Sinologist n.汉学家
③translator n.翻译，译员
translate v.翻译
translation n.翻译
④fall in love with 爱上
⑤be amazed by
对……感到惊讶
⑥tune n.曲调，旋律
theme tune 主题曲
⑦inspire v.激励，鼓舞；赋予灵感
inspiration n.灵感
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；激励的；启发灵感的
⑧academic major
学术专业
⑨prior adj.先前的；较早的
prior to 在……之前，先于……
⑩be exposed to 接触；暴露于；面临
encounter n.相遇，邂逅
genius n.天才，天赋
have a profound effect on ...对……有深远的影响
passion n.热情；激情
stimulating adj.激励人心的； 趣味盎然的
stimulate v.促进；激发；激励
Petko： I particularly like classical Chinese literature， especially
works from the Ming and Qing dynasties.[2] I fell in love with Dream of
the Red Chamber the first time I read it， and was determined to
translate it into Bulgarian.[3] Now that this dream has come true， my
next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Q2： How do you select works to translate？
Annelous： [4]In the Netherlands， the decision as to which works
of Chinese literature get translated is largely influenced by the opinions of
respected Sinologists. In addition， publishing houses tend to look to
other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there.I’ve so
far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors， and I’m
looking forward to their new works.
Joachim： I just go with what I like and what I am interested
in.I’ve translated some poems by Dai Wangshu.Right now， I’m doing
research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century.
Mai： I don’t care if a writer is popular or not.What interests me
most is the work itself.I’ve translated some works by authors such as Xi
Murong and Bi Shumin.I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-
published online by new， young authors — they have some good ideas.
[2]本句为复合句，the first time 引导时间状语从句，意为“第一
次……”。
[3]本句为复合句，Now that 引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，
因为，既然”。
[4]本句为复合句，which works of Chinese literature get translated
为which引导的名词性从句，作as to 的宾语。
particularly adv.尤其，特别
be determined to do ...决定做……
translate ...into ...把……翻译成……
respected adj.受人尊敬的
respect n.& v.尊敬
respectable adj.可敬的
look forward to期待；盼望
go with 伴随；与……相伴而生
keep a close eye on 密切关注；仔细观察
Petko： Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in
Bulgaria.[5] When you consider that here the best a writer can usually
hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work， Thirty-six
Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria！
Q3：Which works by Chinese writers are popular in your country？
Annelous： [6]Each year sees more works by Chinese writers
published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.The people
that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about
Chinese culture and everyday life in China.On the whole ， I do have to
admit that here， people’s knowledge of Chinese literature is rather
limited .
Joachim： Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen
Congwen have been translated into French.And the novels of some
contemporary writers also sell quite well in France.Literature has a lot of
significance to the French， and Chinese literary works tend to be highly
thought of .
Mai： Egyptians like literature that reflects human nature and
experience.A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of
Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping.I
think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in
common .Because of this， Chinese literary works really strike a chord
in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
[5]本句为复合句，When引导时间状语从句；that 引导宾语
从句；a writer can usually hope for为省略了that的定语从句，修
饰先行词best； to sell a few hundred copies of their work为动词
不定式短语作表语。
[6]本句为简单句，主语为Each year，为无生命名词作主
语。
best-seller n.畅销品；畅销书
publish v.出版
publisher n.出版人（或机构）
publishment n.出版，发行
on the whole 大体上说；总的来说
limited adj.有限的
significance n.意义，重要性
significant adj.重要的
be highly thought of 被高度赞扬
reflect v.反映
be closely connected 联系密切
have ...in common 有相同之处
strike a chord 引起共鸣；打动心弦
【参考译文】
解读中国
我们都对中国文学再熟悉不过了。可你有没有想过，在中国以外
的地方，人们都读过哪些中国文学作品？这些作品受到怎样的评价？
今天，四位汉学家、译者将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历。他
们是：
佩特科，43岁，来自保加利亚
安妮鲁斯，34岁，来自荷兰
若阿基姆，25岁，来自法国
马伊，28岁，来自埃及
问题1：你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的？
佩特科：一切都要从我小时候看的一部叫《少林寺》的电影说
起。那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由。我当然为中国功夫所
叹服——人人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来那么美，我
发现我也喜欢中国的音乐——我特别喜欢这部电影的主题曲《牧羊
曲》。
安妮鲁斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。上高中的时候，我开始读中
国历史和文化方面的书，这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。
若阿基姆：我15岁的时候，妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史
记》。在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。《史
记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品。通过阅读《史记》，我
领略了中国“太史公”司马迁的才华。他的文章对我影响很大，激发
了我对中国文学的热情。
马伊：我开始从事翻译工作后，渐渐对中国文学产生了兴趣。埃
及大多数文学译作来自英语国家，所以读中国文学作品使人兴奋，也
鼓舞人心。
问题2：你是如何选择作品来翻译的？
佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我
第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。
现在这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》。
安妮鲁斯：在荷兰，声望高的汉学家的意见很大程度上影响翻译
作品的选择。此外，出版社往往会参考其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。
到目前为止，我已经翻译了几位中国年轻作家的作品，而且我期待着
他们的新作品。
若阿基姆：我只是随着喜好和兴趣走。我翻译了戴望舒的一些
诗。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的流行文学。
马伊：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。我最感兴趣的是作品本
身。我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的作品。我还密切关注新的年轻
作者自己在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。
问题3：中国哪些作家的作品在贵国较受欢迎？
佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本。在保加利
亚，作者通常最期待的是自己的作品卖几百本，《三十六计》在保加
利亚是畅销书！
安妮鲁斯：每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受
欢迎。购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生
活。总的来说，我不得不承认，在荷兰，人们对中国文学的了解相当
有限。
若阿基姆：像鲁迅、沈从文等现代作家的许多作品已被翻译成了
法语。而且一些当代作家的小说在法国也卖得很好。文学对法国人来
说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高评价。
马伊：埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学。其中，史铁生的
《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子。我认为埃
及和中国联系紧密，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才
真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What factors in the film The Shaolin Temple made Petko like Chinese
literature？（ ）
A. Chinese kung fu. B. The Chinese language.
C. Chinese music. D. All the above.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Annelous？
（ ）
A. He has translated the writings of several young Chinese authors.
B. He thinks the Dutch know very little about Chinese literature.
C. A trip to China inspired him to learn Chinese.
D. He took Chinese as his academic major at university.
3. What does “this” mean in the sentence “...I have this to thank for
my passion for Chinese literature.”？（ ）
A. Sima Qian’s Shi Ji.
B. Homer’s epic poems.
C. Sima Qian’s personality.
D. Sima Qian’s writing style.
4. What do we know from the description of Mai？（ ）
A. Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from Arabic-
speaking world.
B. Egyptians like literature reflecting human nature and experience.
C. Egypt and China have little in common because they are so far apart.
D. Egyptian literature strikes a chord in the hearts of Chinese readers.
第三步：析难句表达升级
1. When I started high school， I began reading books about Chinese
history and culture， and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as
my academic major at university.
句式分析 句中When引导 从句；主句中reading books
about Chinese history and culture为动词-ing形式作began的
，to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university为
动词不定式短语作 。
自主翻译
时间状语
宾
语
宾语补足语
上高中的时候， 我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，
这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。
2. The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to
learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.
句式分析 句中that引导 从句，because引导
从句。
自主翻译
定语
原因状语
购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和
日常生活。
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
tune n.曲调，旋律 v.为……调音；调试
【教材原句】 I just loved the movie’s theme tune， Song of the
Shepherd.
我特别喜欢这部电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。
【用法】
（1）in tune （with ...） （与……）合拍；（与……）一致
out of tune （with ...） （与……）不合拍；（与……）不一致
（2）tune in 收看；收听
tune up 给（乐器）调音，定调
（3）in good tune 音调准确；协调，融合
【佳句】 I don’t know the title but I recognize the tune.我不知道曲
名，但听得出曲调。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Biologists have been puzzled for years about why flowers suddenly burst
out everywhere on the same day， as if they were tune with one
another.
②Don’t forget to tune to the live broadcast of the school’s talent
show tonight at 7 pm.
in
in
【写美】 补全句子
③Music is unbearable for ears.
走调的音乐让人无法听下去。
out of tune
prior adj.先前的；较早的
【教材原句】 Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been
exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。
【用法】
（1）prior to 在……之前，先于……
（2）priority n. 优先（权）；优先考虑的事
give priority to 优先考虑，给予……优先权
have/take priority over 较……享有优先权
（3）senior to 比……年长的
junior to 比……年轻的
inferior to 比……差的
superior to 比……好的
【佳句】 It is a must for lecturers to polish what they will present prior
to the presentation.
对演讲者来说，在演讲前润色他要讲的内容是必须的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Finishing the assignments takes （prior） over discussing
extracurricular topics.
②These organizations give priority those employees who can speak
English fluently and write a standard form of English.
③They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of prior
engagement.
priority
to
a
【写美】 补全句子
④All the arrangements should be made .
在你离开之前一切都要做好安排。
⑤ to find somewhere to live.
我首先要考虑的事是找个地方住。
prior to your departure
My first priority is
be exposed to 接触；暴露于；面临；暴露在
【教材原句】 Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been
exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。
【用法】
（1）expose v. 暴露
expose sb/sth （to sth） 使某人/某物面临，使遭受（危险或不快）
（2）exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；暴露的
（3）exposure n. 面临，遭受（危险或不快）；揭露
exposure to 接触……
【佳句】 The more one is exposed to the English-speaking
environment， the better he or she will learn the language.一个人接触说
英语的环境越多，他或她学习这门语言就会越好。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is claimed that more （expose） to direct sunlight
could help your body produce Vitamin D.
②You shouldn’t expose the soldiers unnecessary risks.
③ （expose） to so many advertisements， we can’t help
being persuaded into buying it.
exposure
to
Exposed
【写美】 补全句子
④ direct sunlight too much can easily get you
sunburnt.
过度暴露在阳光直射下很容易被晒伤。
Being exposed to
keep an eye on留意；注意；照看
【教材原句】 I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-
published online by new，young authors — they have some good
ideas. 我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品——他
们有一些不错的想法。
【用法】
【佳句】 I have to keep an eye on my son when he is playing at the
park because he tends to wander off.
当我的儿子在公园玩的时候，我不得不看着他，因为他经常走失。
【点津】 keep an eye on可以用在很多不同的场景中，比如护送或监
护子女、宠物、家庭财产，以及监护家庭成员和工作人员，以确保他
们正确地完成任务。在很多情况下，利用keep an eye on这个习语可以
很好地防止事情发展到极端。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①To our surprise，the headmaster turned a blind eye the bad
behaviour of his pupils.
②My mother has an eye bargains and she is good at bargaining
over the price.
to
for
【写美】 补全句子
③Campers， ， are people who enjoy
insect bites， ill-cooked meals， and uncomfortable sleeping bags.
在我看来，露营者是一群喜欢被虫咬、吃糟糕的饭菜和睡不舒服的睡
袋的人。
④We’ve asked the neighbours to for us
while we are away.
我们请邻居在我们不在的时候，帮我们照看一下房子。
in the eyes of me/in my eyes
keep an eye on the house
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：the first time引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】 I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first
time I read it， and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. 我第一
次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。
【用法】
（1）the first time意为“第一次”，在句中起连词的作用，引导时间
状语从句。
（2）any time， each time， last time， next time之类的短语都可用作
连词，用以引导状语从句。
【品悟】 The first time I came here， I got caught in the extremely bad
weather.
我第一次来到这里就遇到了极度恶劣的天气。
【点津】 the first time 用作连词，引导状语从句。for the first time 为
介词短语，意为“初次，第一次”，在句中作状语。
【写美】 微写作
①我第一次见到她时就觉得她很好，很诚实。（心理描写）
I thought her nice and honest .
②这么多年来，我第一次真正专注于我的学业。（日常活动）
in years， I was really concentrating on my school
work.
③每次见到他，我都感到心里一阵刺痛。（情感描写）
I felt a stab of pain in my heart .
the first time I saw her
For the first time
each time I saw him
句型公式：无生命名词作主语
【教材原句】 Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published
in the Netherlands， and they are well-received. 每年都有更多中国作家
的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。
【用法】
无生命名词作主语，是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分
为以下几类：
（1）以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用see， find， witness等动词作
句子的谓语，表示发生某情况，经历或经受了某事。
（2）表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词（如word，
anger， faith， melancholy， idea， courage， desire等）作主语，用
visit， fail， desert， escape， seize等动词作句子的谓语。
（3）具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用使役动词（如
remind， make， let等）作句子的谓语。
【写美】 微写作
①19世纪后半叶见证了旅行工具的稳步改进。
The last half of the nineteenth century
in the means of travel.
②黄昏时，这对老夫妇吃完晚饭一起遛狗。
Dusk walking their dog together after supper.
③有几次我几乎要和他说话，但后来我失去了勇气。（动作描写）
Several times I almost brought myself to the point of speaking to him，
but .
witnessed the steady
improvement
saw the old couple
my courage failed me
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. The old （寺院） located in south of the city dates back to
the Tang Dynasty.
2. He was humming a familiar （曲调） while walking in the
dark street.
3. He was one of the greatest scientific and mathematical
（天才）.
temple
tune
geniuses
4. During the war， more walls were put up to defend the borders of
different k .
5. The team made an e effort to fight against the disease.
ingdoms
normous
维度二：词形转换
1. （history） have agreed on this view that the custom
dates back to Ming Dynasty.
2. I have to recite the lines as fluently as possible， as I will play an
important part in a （romance） story.
3. I want to start work on the garden but the house must take
（prior）.
Historians
romantic
priority
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （在……之前） the exams， it’s essential to establish a
consistent study routine.
2. （总而言之）， the celebrations were remarkably
good-humored and peaceful.
3. How could she have been so foolish as to （爱
上） him？
4. The soldier （下定决心） defend his country
against any foreign invaders.
Prior to
On the whole
fall in love with
was determined to
5. （既然） you are interested in traditional Chinese
culture， I think it is worthwhile to experience this festival.
6. His dream of becoming a university teacher has （实
现）.
7. The following year （他的母亲康
复了）.
8. I thought her kind and honest （我第一次
看见她）.
Now that
come true
saw the recovery of his mother
the first time I saw her
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It was a snowy day during the spring break when I walked into a great
restaurant.In this blizzard weather， it was the only restaurant that
remained open.
The restaurant has a long history in Hong Kong.Its owners， the
couple， Peter and Michelle， have been running the restaurant since
2007.
“Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years，” Peter
said.“Chinese students 20 years ago thought that a 70-cent bowl of rice
was too expensive， but now a $20 meal is acceptable.” He also said that
the new generation of Chinese students engaged with other students，
bringing all their non-Chinese friends to visit the restaurant.
Peter takes great pride in his own cooking.He was curious about how
the food was made and why particular foods or sauces had specific
tastes.He chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food at the
restaurant， featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum or hot pot.
When I asked whether he would modify the taste of the dishes to suit
the taste of most Americans， Peter said， “We are not like those
American-Chinese restaurants.We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our
customers， and they will love it because it is delicious， and their taste
will suit the taste of our dishes， not the other way around.”
“If I hear complaints from my customers， I will be so upset that I
can’t fall asleep at night，” he said.“Luckily， most of my favorite
dishes received wide acclaim from my customers and it takes more than
one person’s effort.”
He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of
preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s
enjoyment of their work and thought.
Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued
in the past.The craftsman’s spirit with perfection， precision，
concentration， and patience remains in Peter and his cooking.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过讲述香港Peter和Michelle
夫妇开的餐馆，高度赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统食品
的工匠精神。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过讲述香港Peter和Michelle
夫妇开的餐馆，高度赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统食品
的工匠精神。
1. How long have the couple been running the restaurant？（ ）
A. 17 years. B. 20 years.
C. 30 years. D. 70 years.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，自从2007年至今
（2024年）已有17年之久。
2. Why is the restaurant different from other American-Chinese
restaurants？（ ）
A. Its customers are mainly Chinese.
B. It adjusts the taste according to the customers.
C. Its menu merely contains Guangdong and Sichuan food.
D. It sticks to its original taste of the dishes.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段中的We are not like
those ...not the other way around.可知，这家餐厅坚持中国菜肴的
原汁原味。
3. What can we know about Peter from the passage？（ ）
A. He believes that cooking just needs one person’s effort.
B. He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
C. He shows an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
D. He doesn’t care about the customers’ complaints at all.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句以及倒数第二段内容可
推知，Peter以做最好的典型的中国菜而自豪。
4. In which part of the newspaper can you read the passage？（ ）
A. Geography. B. Art.
C. Food. D. Literature.
解析： 文章出处题。通读全文尤其是文章末句可知，本文主要
讲述了香港Peter和Michelle夫妇开的餐馆，并赞扬了Peter坚持原汁
原味地做好中国传统食品的工匠精神。由此推断，本文应来自食品
专栏。
B
If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team，the world cultural
heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might
have long been destroyed by sand， weather or humans.
Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the
ancient Buddhist wall paintings at Dunhuang， in Northwest China’s
Gansu Province.Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of
Buddhist art — more than 2，000 Buddha figures and 45，000 square
metres of paintings spread among 735 caves.It is China’s first UNESCO
World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduating from Peking
University in 1963.While in Dunhuang，a remote village in the desert
then，Fan lived in an abandoned temple.At first，she did not even dare to
go out to the toilet at night.To protect the treasures from sand and
dampness， Fan and other workers put doors on the caves，planted trees
and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves.They also
control the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s，with tourism booming nationwide since national
holidays were extended，the local government planned to go public with
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes，but found Fan firmly in their way.“The
heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed，” she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all
the sculptures and paintings.“Despite our efforts to minimize damage，
we can’t completely stop them from being eroded （腐蚀）.But the
digital database will last.”
Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986
after 19 years of separation.Her two sons grew up with their aunt.“I have
not been a good mother or wife.With regard to my family， I’m full of
guilt，” she said.Fan retired as the director of Dunhuang Academy but
continues her efforts as a national political advisor.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了樊锦诗守护敦煌莫高窟
的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了樊锦诗守护敦煌莫高窟
的故事。
5. Which measure didn’t Fan Jinshi and her team take to protect
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes？（ ）
A. They opened Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B. They planted trees and stopped the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being
eroded.
C. They pictured and classified all the sculptures and paintings online.
D. They put doors on the caves and monitored temperature and humidity.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，为了保护这些
珍宝不被沙子和潮气侵蚀，樊锦诗和其他工作人员在洞穴上安了
门，种了树，并开始监测洞穴内的温度和湿度。他们还控制着游客
的数量。根据第五段第一句可知，敦煌画院现在已经在网上为所有
的雕塑和绘画拍照并编目。
6. When was Fan separated from her husband？（ ）
A. In 1963. B. In 1967.
C. In 1986. D. In the late 1990s.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，1986年，在19
年的分离之后，她的丈夫来到敦煌，樊对此很感激。由此可知，她
与丈夫是在1967年分开的。
7. What is the passage mainly about？（ ）
A. The history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
B. The attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
C. Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
D. The appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，如果没有樊锦诗和
她的团队，地处中国偏远沙漠的敦煌莫高窟可能早就被沙子、天气
或人类破坏了。本文主要是关于樊锦诗致力于保护敦煌莫高窟的。
8. What kind of person do you think Fan is？（ ）
A. Considerate and easy-going.
B. Kind and intelligent.
C. Humorous and sweet-tempered.
D. Devoted and persistent.
解析： 推理判断题。根据樊锦诗放弃照顾家庭、守护敦煌莫高
窟的事迹可判断，樊锦诗具有奉献和坚持不懈的精神。
C
As a type of dwelling （住宅） in China， cave dwellings
（yaodong in Chinese） still can be found in many places of
China.According to official statistics， there are still 40 million people
living in such dwellings in China.
As early as the New Stone Age， using a wooden framework， grass
and soil， families living in the middle reaches of the Yellow River built
simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains.Over 4，000
years ago， the real caves started to be constructed， which could be
related to the natural surroundings.In the areas that were popular with such
dwellings， there was very thick loess （黄土）.People made full use of
the loess layers to create the original cave dwellings.
A cave is usually 6－8 meters long， around 3 meters wide and
around 3 meters high.From the outside， it comes in the shape of an arc
（拱形）， which presents the ancient opinion of “Heaven is round and
Ground is square”.Furniture in these caves is very simple， such as a
wooden table， wooden chairs and an earth sleeping platform （kang in
Chinese）.
The most important and unique characteristic of a cave dwelling is
that the inside of it is cool in summer and warm in winter.The natural
architectural features protect the cave dwellers from being affected by the
changes of the environment or weather.Besides， its creation does not
damage the environment or occupy farmland.Another feature is that you
will feel quite quiet inside.
In Yan’an in northern Shaanxi， a family usually has 3 to 5
caves.The middle one is the chief house， in which the grandparents or
parents live.At the bottom right of each dwelling， people usually leave a
small pass for their pets， such as cats or dogs， to go through.When
constructing the gate for the whole yard， there is a traditional taboo that
none of the caves should be in line with the gate.Otherwise， bad luck
may fall upon this family.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了窑洞这一传统的中
国民居。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了窑洞这一传统的中
国民居。
9. What can we know about cave dwellings？（ ）
A. They were built using wood， grass， and bamboo.
B. They are a very popular kind of house in the world.
C. They have been around for about 2，000 years.
D. They are usually found in areas with thick loess.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，窑洞通常出现
在黄土较厚的地区。
10. Which of the following best describes a cave？（ ）
A. Arc-shaped. B. Square-shaped.
C. Round-shaped. D. Rectangular-shaped.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“From the
outside ...and Ground is square’.”可知，窑洞通常是拱形的。
11. What is the most unique feature of a cave dwelling？（ ）
A. It is quiet inside.
B. It does not occupy farmland.
C. It is environmentally friendly.
D. It is warm in winter and cool in summer.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，窑洞最独特的
特点是冬暖夏凉。
12. What is the main purpose of the text？（ ）
A. To describe the process of building traditional cave dwellings.
B. To introduce the unique architecture of cave dwellings to readers.
C. To discuss the historical and cultural significance of cave dwellings.
D. To explore the living conditions and lifestyles of people in cave
dwellings.
解析： 写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了窑
洞这一传统的中国民居，目的是介绍其独特的窑洞建筑。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Can knots be a form of art？ 13.（ ）.A Chinese knot is a knot
that is tied and woven from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes
and varying complexity.Knot weavers can use a variety of colors， but
they usually weave deep red ones.14.（ ）.
History of Chinese knots
People may have originally made them to record information and
convey messages before people started to write.One-hundred-thousand-
year-old tools that were probably used to tie and untie knots have been
discovered， and there is a reference to knots in ancient literature.15.
（ ）.It is known that they were used to symbolize and express
thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.
Ancient and modern use of artistic knots
Even today， Chinese knots are rich in symbolic meaning.16.
（ ）.For example， in ancient times and even now， lovers may
give a knot as a sign of their love.The “true love knot” and the “double
happiness knot” are given or used at weddings to express common love
and growing old together in reality.Knots represent love and marriage in
Chinese culture.So a knot given to a marriage partner or a couple means all
these things and having children as well.
17. （ ）
Along with being symbolic gifts or messages， knots are still used if
they wear traditional Chinese clothing or as good luck charms （护身
符）.They are a means of fastening traditional garment instead of clothes
buttons.Now， silk is most widely used to make these clothing
knots.They are used as jewelry such as even rings， earrings and
necklaces.They are sold as handicraft novelty items too.
A. It is truly in China
B. Knots are symbols of China
C. Modern usage of artistic knots
D. Knots can be seen in ancient China
E. The color red signifies good fortune
F. They therefore hold emotional value when given as gifts
G. But it isn’t known when they first started to be used symbolically
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国结这门艺术，
包括其历史以及在古代和现在的用法等。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国结这门艺术，
包括其历史以及在古代和现在的用法等。
13. A 空前问句提出结能否作为艺术的问题，空后一句介绍中国结
的概念。A项（在中国确实如此）说明结在中国的确是一门艺术，回
答空前的问题，并引出下文的概念，其中的China和空后句的Chinese
相呼应。
14. E 空前一句介绍结常常是深红色的。E项（红色象征着好运）说
明红色的寓意，解释用红色的原因，承接上文，其中的red在上文有同
词复现。
15. G 空前一句介绍已知的有关结的考古发现文献记载，空后一句
介绍已知的结在唐代的象征性用法。G项指出其首次象征性用法的时
间是未知的，和上文构成转折，并引出下文，其中的they指代上文的
knots，symbolically与下文的symbolize相呼应。
16. F 空前一句说明中国结具有丰富的象征意义，空后的举例说明恋
人之间的结的象征意义。F项介绍中国结作为礼物时的情感价值，承
接上文。
17. C 根据本段首句可知，本段主要介绍结在现在的用处。C项（艺
术结的现代用法）符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你看到莫高窟受到了自然和人为的破坏，为此感
到心痛。因此，请你给当地政府写封邮件，希望能够采取措施保护这
宝贵的文化遗产，内容包括：
1. 莫高窟现状：受到破坏；
2. 保护文化遗产的重要性；
3. 你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are suffering damage due to natural forces
such as frequent sandstorms.What’s worse，some tourists even carve
their names on the walls， making me heartbroken.
I hope the authorities can take measures to protect Dunhuang Mogao
Grottoes.For one thing，cultural heritage，which is the witness to the
historical development，is an important basis for historical research.For
another， it is likely to provide a source of tourism income， if maintained
well.
I would appreciate it if my suggestions were accepted.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
谢谢观看！
