Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The experts decided to give up the （传统的） way to treat the disease.
2.I wish everyone would stop （干涉） and just leave me alone.
3.It doesn’t matter who will take over the company， as no one can save it from the （金融的） crisis.
4.To his anger， his son was fined for e the speed limit.
5.Sometimes our opinions are s ， so we’d better think twice before we make a decision.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
go into debt， up to， interfere with， on one’s own， make ends meet， such as
1.According to a recent US survey， children spend 25 hours a week watching TV.
2.Too much screen time can a child’s ability to focus on a task.
3.It’s a luxury to eat fresh food， because fresh produce fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth every couple of months.
4.They can hardly ， though they’ve been trying to cut down on their expenses.
5.They took out a large loan， thus .
6.After her husband passed away， the woman lived for four years.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.On the eve of the Spring Festival， I usually stay up until midnight， .
在除夕，我通常熬夜到午夜，那时我可以放鞭炮和烟花。
2.April， ， is the best time to appreciate the beautiful scenery.
春暖花开的四月是欣赏美景的最佳时机。
3.I walked up to the top of the mountain with my friend， .
我和我的朋友一起走到山顶，在那里我们欣赏到了湖泊的壮丽景色。
4.This is Tom’s notebook .
这是汤姆的笔记本，没有它他就无法检查他的设计图。
5.There are 50 chairs in the hall， .
大厅里有50把椅子，绝大部分是新的。
6.Thanks to Professor Smith， .
多亏史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。
7.I have actively attended English lectures，
.
我积极参加了英语讲座，了解到了英国和美国的文化。
8.This .
这支钢笔和我昨天买的一样。
9.Mr Zhang， ，
is an old friend of mine.
昨天来看我的张先生是我的一个老朋友。
10.He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday， .
他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。
维度三：语法与语篇
根据语境，用适当的关系词填空。
Mary，1. drawings were shown at the exhibition last month，is a model student 2. is often praised for her good
work at school.3. we all know，Mary is famous for her painting of horses.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall，our eyes were caught by a very large picture 4. was hung on the wall in front of us.The horse 5. was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse.The man 6. was riding on it looked like a living man.It was the best picture 7. I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young painter 8. I have ever heard of.Her friend 9. was visiting the exhibition told me the reason 10. Mary painted well was that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Although the vast majority of people have admitted to considering having an emergency fund to fall back on in case of a financial disaster， once their paycheck comes through， they have many duties higher on their list of importance that need paying off.However， one Australian financial advisor has given clear and important reasons why an emergency fund should always be at the top of your priorities.
Canna Campbell explains how to create this fund and how it differs from your other savings accounts.She said，“Your emergency fund should be treated differently to your current account and savings.” Campbell went on to explain that the money put into this account should be decided according to how much you are paid in your job and if you were to lose it， the money you would need to keep yourself out of the minus.
In addition， people need to consider situations where they might have housing damage or a medical emergency arising， resulting in them requiring immediate assistance that insurance will not cover.For this reason， Campbell added that there is no “‘one size fits all’； everyone is different.” She insisted that it “boils down to your situation， lifestyle， responsibilities and what helps you sleep well at night”.
As for how to do it， Canna gave instructions too， “Work out how you can start setting money aside in a separate account， and build this separate savings account as quickly as possible， without cutting your living expenses.”
She finally added， “So keep it simple.However， it can be worth temporarily going without a few luxuries in order to find the extra cash flow to put into your emergency fund account.Going without a few items in the short term definitely outweighs the stress as it gives you peace of mind knowing that you have a safety net to protect you.”
1.Which of the following shows what most people do about creating an emergency fund？（ ）
A.Prevention is better than cure.
B.Lightning never strikes the same place twice.
C.Time and tide wait for no man.
D.To say is one thing and to do is just another.
2.What do Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly focus on？（ ）
A.The benefits of an emergency fund.
B.The size of an emergency fund.
C.The types of an emergency fund.
D.The necessity of an emergency fund.
3.What is Canna’s opinion on the emergency fund？（ ）
A.It can replace insurance.
B.It brings more fun.
C.It is very simple.
D.It can lessen stress.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A.What Just Goes at the Very Top of Your Priorities？
B.How Does Emergency Fund Obtain the Peace of Mind？
C.Emergency Fund for Financial Security and Stability
D.Canna’s Advice on Reducing a Financial Disaster
B
As a financial adviser， my clients come to me seeking help with growing their wealth.Perhaps the greatest lesson I share is that being rich isn’t a dollar amount； it is a perception that includes happiness， peace of mind， comfort and security.There’s a big difference between being wealthy and feeling wealthy.
Actually， one of the best ways I advise others in building their wealth is this：The secret to having more is giving more.Studies have shown that people who volunteer weekly exhibit an increase in happiness.Donating your time makes you grateful for all that you have， and you’ll have the unmatched joy and excitement of knowing you have made a huge impact for the good of others.
Volunteering enables you to increase your relationship skills and encourages you to have conversations with people from very different walks of life.You can even make new friends.It is also a wonderful activity that families can do together.This has the added benefit of serving as a good role model to your children.I am encouraging my kids to volunteer and experience the power of love for themselves.
Without fail， every time I volunteer， I have conversations that change my life in some way.I was once volunteering at a local shelter and struck up a conversation with other volunteers.As we chatted， we all suddenly realized：The massive gratitude of those receiving help acted like a nuclear
bomb going off in our hearts， and it also touched the other volunteers， making us all realize how truly blessed we are.
Giving our time， money and energy gives us a sense of achievement like nothing else.If “wealth” really is a perception of happiness， comfort and security， we must learn to get out of our own experience and understand what wealth means to other people.
5.What is the author’s understanding of wealth？（ ）
A.It is more of a state of mind.
B.It gives one the duty to help others.
C.It has something to do with finance.
D.It lifts people’s spirits like nothing else.
6.What makes a person appreciate what he has already owned？（ ）
A.Winning people’s recognition.
B.Spending time helping others.
C.Making a deep impression on others.
D.Improving one’s interpersonal skills.
7.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A.Benefits of volunteering.
B.Parents’ roles in a family.
C.Importance of social skills.
D.Ways of being a volunteer.
8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text？（ ）
A.A Road to Real Wealth in Life
B.A Lesson in Wealth Management
C.A Different Way to Pursue Happiness
D.A Life-Changing Volunteering Experience
Ⅱ.完形填空
Imagine winning the lottery and never having to worry about money again.Would you travel around the world， 9 a sports car and live in a mansion （公馆）？Susan Herdman’s 10 came true in January 2010 when she won nearly ￡1.2 million.But her life has 11 surprisingly simple.“I’ve been a hard worker all my life.” says Susan， 52.“I’ve always had jobs and my parents 12 me that if you want something， work for it — no one gives you a 13 you want，” she adds.
While most lottery winners take a luxury 14 or go on a wild spending spree （狂欢）， Susan incredibly worked as 15 at her hair salon （美发厅）.“You suddenly go from 16 the heating down because you’re worried about the gas bill to having all this money in the bank，” says Susan.“Your life has changed 17 .But at that point I didn’t want the rest of my life to change.” It is not surprising that Susan is happy to lead an incredibly down-to-earth life， 18 at 6：30 am and working on the pig farm.
“It’s a hard life， but it’s a good life，”she 19 .“You need a purpose to get up.I’m very 20 that a lot of lottery winners lose it all in a short space of time.I told myself that to win it and lose it would be 21 than never winning it.Don’t get me wrong：we’ve had some really good holidays.But I was aware that I had to look after it.”
Asked about the 22 to lottery winners， Susan says，“Don’t go crazy. 23 that happiness can’t be bought.”
9.（ ）A.borrow B.rent
C.enjoy D.drive
10.（ ）A.imagination B.dream
C.belief D.luck
11.（ ）A.remained B.lived
C.left D.performed
12.（ ）A.directed B.warned
C.taught D.required
13.（ ）A.lottery B.car
C.life D.chance
14.（ ）A.mansion B.party
C.farm D.holiday
15.（ ）A.early B.normal
C.ordinary D.simple
16.（ ）A.turning B.breaking
C.loading D.putting
17.（ ）A.unfortunately B.unbelievably
C.unreasonably D.unconditionally
18.（ ）A.sleeping B.walking
C.running D.rising
19.（ ）A.insists B.replies
C.describes D.recalls
20.（ ）A.thankful B.surprised
C.aware D.curious
21.（ ）A.faster B.poorer
C.easier D.worse
22.（ ）A.secret B.advice
C.choice D.situation
23.（ ）A.Appreciate B.Consider
C.Respect D.Expect
Ⅲ.语法填空
China will support Chengdu and Chongqing in accelerating the construction of a “western science city”24. building a science and technology innovation center with national influence， according to a document 25. （make） public Friday.
The document was issued together by 12 central 26. （agency）， including the Ministry of Science and Technology， and the governments of Chongqing and Sichuan Province.
The existing sci-tech parks 27. the cities of Chengdu， Chongqing and Mianyang will be the start-up zones of the science city， and efforts will be made to accelerate cluster （集群） development and form a collaborative （合作的） innovation network， according to the document.
The document clarifies the main objectives of the center， 28. include establishing a number of world-class innovation platforms and research bases and gathering some famous universities， institutions and innovative enterprises by 2025， with 29. purpose of taking the lead in innovative research in basic disciplines， such as material science and nuclear science.
The document 30. （highlight） specific targets to achieve by 2025， including investing more than 5 percent of regional GDP in total R&D spending and producing over 80 high-value patents per 10，000 people.
The science city 31. （build） into a comprehensive science center by 2035， 32. （attract） top scientists from around the globe， achieving 33. （science） breakthroughs in key fields and leading industries into the high-end of the global value chains.
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
Ⅰ.
1.conventional 2.interfering 3.financial 4.exceeding 5.subjective
Ⅱ.
1.up to 2.interfere with 3.such as 4.make ends meet 5.going into debt 6.on her own
维度二
1.when I can set off the firecrackers and fireworks
2.when it gets warmer and flowers start blooming
3.where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake
4.without which he cannot check his design drawing
5.most of which are new
6.without whose help I would never have made such great progress
7.from which I have a good knowledge of British and American culture
8.is the same pen as I bought yesterday
9.who came to see me yesterday
10.which pleased her a lot
维度三
1.whose 2.who/that 3.As 4.which/that 5.which/that
6.who/that 7.that 8.that 9.who/that 10.why
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应急基金的重要性、金额大小的确定和存储方式。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，大多数人清楚应急基金的重要性，但都只是停留在嘴上说说，并不付诸行动。
2.B 段落大意题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段第一句可知，第二、三段主要讲应急基金的金额大小如何确定。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Canna认为应急基金可以减轻压力，提供安全保障。
4.C 标题归纳题。文章围绕应急基金展开，介绍了其重要性、金额大小的确定和存储方式，尤其根据第二段最后一句和最后一段最后一句可知，应急基金可以为生活提供保障和安全感。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者分享了对财富的认识：有钱不一定富有，当志愿者给予别人时间、金钱、精力才是真正的富有。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的being rich isn’t ...includes happiness， peace of mind， comfort and security可知，作者认为富有不是金钱的数量，而是一种对幸福、内心平静、舒适和安全的理解。据此可以推断，作者认为富有更多的是一种心态。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Donating your time makes you grateful for all that you have可知，作者认为花费时间帮助别人会让一个人感恩自己所拥有的一切。
7.A 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了做志愿者工作的益处。
8.A 标题归纳题。本文第一段引入话题，讲述了作者对富有的看法；第二段提出论点“真正富有的秘诀在于多付出”；第三段讲述了作志愿者的益处；第四段作者结合自己的志愿者经历，进一步证实论点；最后一段再次阐述论点“奉献我们的时间、金钱和精力会给予我们无与伦比的成就感”。因此A项（生活中通往真正的富有之路）为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。彩票中奖将近120万英镑的苏珊不像其他的获奖者那样享受奢华的生活，而是继续往日简朴的生活。
9.D 根据语境可知，此处意为“开跑车”。
10.B 彩票中奖是彩民的梦想。苏珊在2010年1月获得了将近120万英镑的奖金，因此此处意为“苏珊的梦想实现了”。
11.A 根据下文I’ve been a hard worker all my life.可知，苏珊的生活还是那么简朴。
12.C 苏珊的父母教育她如果她想要得到什么，就努力去争取。
13.C “work for it”是一种生活态度，也就是说，没有人给你想要的生活。
14.D 根据上文的travel around the world可知，此处意为“一个奢侈的假期”。
15.B 根据下文I didn’t want the rest of my life to change可知，苏珊依然像平常一样工作。
16.A 根据下文you’re worried about the gas bill可知，为了少支付燃气费而将暖气开得小一点儿。
17.B 上文描述了经济状况的突然改变，此处讲你的生活变化得令人难以相信。
18.D 根据下文的working可知，这里指起床。
19.A 苏珊认为自己的生活很好，她坚持这样的看法。
20.C 苏珊对很多中奖者很快失去财富有着清醒的认识。
21.D 苏珊认为赢得然后失去比从来没有中奖还要糟糕。
22.B 根据下文Don’t go crazy.可知，这是苏珊对彩票中奖者的忠告。
23.A 苏珊奉劝彩票中奖者：不要疯狂，要意识到幸福是买不到的。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。中国政府支持成渝地区加快建设“西部科学城”，打造具有全国影响力的科技创新中心。
24.and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，动词-ing短语accelerating ...“western science city”和building ...center with national influence作介词in的宾语，且两者为并列关系，故填and。
25.made 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词形式，动词make与其逻辑主语a document之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填made。
26.agencies 考查名词的单复数。根据空前的12 central可知，此处指十二个中央机构，应用名词复数，故填agencies。
27.in 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指成都、重庆和绵阳现有的科技园区，故填介词in。
28.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the main objectives of the center，故填which。
29.the 考查冠词。with the purpose of意为“目的是……；为了……”，为固定用法。故填the。
30.highlights 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时；主语为The document， 故填highlights。
31.will be built 考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语by 2035可知，本句应用一般将来时；动词build与主语The science city之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填will be built。
32.attracting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，此处应为非谓语动词。32. top ...globe与下文中的achieving ...fields和leading ...chains为并列关系，在句中作状语，故填attracting。
33.scientific 考查词形转换。修饰名词breakthroughs应用形容词，此处指在重点领域实现科学突破，故填scientific。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
复习：定语从句
①This is a place where roses grow wild.
②The place where this happens is a valley， a world away from any television studio.
③For young people who have little life experience，that can be a challenge.
④However，like any entrepreneur who was just starting out， she still had a lot to learn.
⑤Seeing her peers who also dream of success and independence， Zhang has mixed feelings.
⑥Zhang never thought that this was something she would end up doing.
⑦You should know your own limits and those of the people you work with.
⑧She has overcome a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the success it is today.
⑨Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses， which surprised many people.
⑩The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me， which was totally outside my experience.
She couldn’t，however，hide the line of sweat running down her forehead， which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio， but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.
【我的发现】
1.以上黑体部分①－⑧句为 ，⑨－ 句为 。
2.①－②句中的定语从句由关系副词 引导，在从句中作 。
3.③－⑤句中的定语从句由关系代词 引导，在从句中作 。
4.⑥－⑧句中的定语从句的关系词省略了。⑥句中的定语从句的先行词是不定代词something，关系代词多用that，在从句中作 。⑦句中的定语从句的先行词是people，关系代词 在从句中作 。⑧句中的定语从句的先行词是success，是特指，关系代词 在从句中作 。
5.⑨－ 句中的非限制性定语从句由关系代词 引导，在从句中作 。⑨－⑩句中的先行词为 ， 句中的先行词是sweat。
一、定语从句中关系词的选择
准确地判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分是确定关系词的关键，再结合先行词自身的属性便可做到万无一失。
关系词
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
（1）who， whom， that所代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中所起的作用如下：
The man who（m） you saw just now is our manager.
你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。（先行词指人，关系词在从句中作宾语）
Is he the man who/that wants to see you？ （who/that在从句中作主语）
他就是想见你的那个人吗？
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
他就是我昨天看到的那个人。
（2）whose用来指人或物（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换）
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
他们急忙赶过去帮助那个车坏了的人。
Please pass me the book whose （of which the） cover is green.
请把那本绿色封面的书递给我。
（3）which， that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
A prosperity which/that has never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which/that在从句中作主语）
乡村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
The package （which/that） you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.（which/that在从句中作宾语）
你拿着的这个包裹快要散开了。
（4）as引导的定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
They talked in such simple English as children could understand.（as在从句中作宾语）
他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。
As is known to all， fish can’t live without water.（as在从句中作主语）
众所周知，鱼离不开水。
2.关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when， where， why的含义相当于“介词＋ which”结构，因此常常和“介词＋which”结构交换使用。
There are occasions when （on which） one must yield.
一个人肯定有屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born.
北京是我出生的地方。
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer？
这就是他拒绝我们帮助的原因吗？
【即时演练1】 用适当的关系词填空
①There is even a story about how he helped a little girl knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework.
②They usually identify their best friend as someone with they can talk frequently.
③That movie led him into the second half of his career his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success.
④The Bears， a team record this season had been perfect.
⑤Instead of making many excuses you can’t reach your goal， just hold on to your dream.
⑥The film brought the time back to me I was taken good care of in the countryside by my grandparents.
二、难点突破
1.“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句
（1）关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系代词只能用which （指物） 或whom （指人）。
The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.
他正在用来写字的铅笔突然断了。
Look at the photo.This is Mr Green， in front of whom sit three students.
看这张照片。这是格林先生，在他的前面坐着三个学生。
Do you remember the day when/on which you joined our club？
你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
名师点津
“介词＋关系词”引导定语从句时介词的选择：
①介词的选择要根据定语从句中的谓语、先行词以及它们之间的搭配来确定。
②有些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，故不能提到关系词前。
③关系副词when根据先行词的不同可转化为：in/during/on/at 等＋which；关系副词 where 可转化为：in/on/at 等＋which； 关系副词why可转化为：for＋which。
（2）“不定代词或数词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句可转化为“of＋which/whom＋不定代词或数词”引导的定语从句。其中不定代词为：some， any， none， both， all， many， a few， few， a little， little， either， neither， one， most， part等。
There are 40 students in our class， most of whom （＝of whom most） like English.
我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。
（3）“whose＋名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the＋名词＋of＋which/whom”或“of＋which/whom＋the＋名词”。介词of表示所有关系。
I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
＝I live in a room the windows of which （＝of which the windows） are all broken.
我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。
（4）表示“方式”的名词way后的定语从句中，如果关系词在从句中作方式状语，关系词用 that 或 in which，也可省略关系词。
I don’t like the way （that/in which） he talks to me.
我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。
（5）“某些介词＋关系副词”可引导定语从句。
He graduated from Peking University in 1988， since when he has improved himself in all aspects.
他1988年毕业于北京大学。从那时起他在各方面的能力都提高了。
【即时演练2】 用适当的介词填空
①It is our hope that in coming decades， advances in science will offer new perspectives which we can study how people manage their lives.
②The last person whom I took a photo was my sister Daisy when we were hanging out last weekend at the park.
③The reason which we must stick to planting trees is that they can supply fresh air to us.
④We carefully studied the photos， which we could see signs of plant disease.
⑤Casey， who was looking up at the screen which readers’ comments kept popping up.
2.定语从句中需要注意的问题
（1）as， which引导非限制性定语从句时，as通常指代整个主句的内容，which既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代具体的词或词组；as引导的从句位置灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末，而which引导的从句通常位于先行词之后。
As we all know， smoking is harmful to our health.
我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。
He finished the work ahead of time， which was very important to us.
他提前完成了工作，这对我们很重要。
（2）the same ...that表示“同一个，就是那一个”；而the same ...as 表示“与……一样（但不是同一个）”。
This is the same book that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那本书。
This is the same book as I lost yesterday.
这与我昨天丢的那本书一样。
（3）在一些类似地点的抽象名词后面，也可用关系副词where来引导定语从句。
I can think of many cases where cultural differences really exist.
我可以想出许多文化差异确实存在的事例。
（4）定语从句的关系代词只用that而不用which的情况：
①当先行词是all， much， anything， nothing， everything等不定代词时。
We should do everything that is useful to the people.
我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
②当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
When we talk about Hangzhou， the first that comes to our mind is the West Lake.
当我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。
This is the fifth film that has been shown in our village.
这是在我们村庄放映的第五部电影。
③当先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now.
这是当今世界上能找到的最小的计算机。
④当先行词既有人又有物时。
They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.
他们谈论他们访问过的那些老师和学校。
⑤当先行词被the very， the only， the same等修饰时。
The only thing that I need now is a cup of coffee.
我现在唯一需要的是一杯咖啡。
This is the very storybook that I want to read.
这正是我想看的那本故事书。
【即时演练3】 用适当的关系词填空
①They often run at high speeds， may put our lives in danger.
② a famous poet once said，“He who is tired of London is tired of life.”
③The first thing we should do is work out a plan.
④The Bird’s Nest is the very place cannot be missed when you visit Beijing.
⑤Look at the boy and his dog are coming this way.
discriminate v.不公正地区别对待，歧视；偏袒
【教材原句】 However， some people are less optimistic， and argue that it discriminates against producers not part of the Good Deal movement.
然而，有些人就不那么乐观了，他们认为这是对生产者的歧视，而不是Good Deal运动的一部分。
【用法】
（1）discriminate against 歧视，偏袒 discriminate between ...and ... 区分/辨别……和…… discriminate ...from ... 将……与……区别开 （2）discrimination n. 区别对待，歧视，偏袒
【佳句】 It is illegal to discriminate on the basis of race， sex or religion.
因种族、性别或宗教而有所歧视是违法的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Insurance companies will no longer be able to discriminate those who are sick.
②No doubt that there is a widespread （discriminate） against disabled people.
【写美】 补全句子
③Newborn babies can
.
新生儿能区分男人和女人的声音。
superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的；高级的n.上级；高手
【教材原句】 superior，smooth blend， with mild flavour
品质上乘，混合均匀，味道温和
【用法】
（1）superior in 在……方面优越 superior to 比……优越；比……好 （2）superiority n. 优越（性），优等；傲慢
【佳句】 Women have superior sensory abilities compared to men.
女人的感官能力比男人强。
【点津】 superior前不能用more，也不能与than连用。
His strength is superior to mine.
他的体力比我强。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The salesman considered leather sofas superior cloth sofas and worth buying.
②Compared with that operating system， the （superior） of this one is obvious.
【写美】 补全句子
③She was chosen for the job because she the other candidates.她被选出来做这项工作是因为她比其他候选人优秀。
go into debt陷入债务之中，负债
【教材原句】 Avoid luxuries so that you don’t go into debt. 避免奢侈，以免欠债。
【用法】
be in debt 欠债 get/run into debt （＝go into debt） 负债，陷入债务之中 be/get out of debt 不欠债 pay off one’s debts 偿清债务 put sb in debt 使某人负债 be in one’s debt/in the debt to sb 欠某人的情，对某人感激不尽
【佳句】 If you can get yourself out of debt and change your money habits， you can have a great financial future.
如果你能让自己摆脱债务，并改变你的金钱习惯，未来你就能拥有很好的财务状况。
【练透】 选用左栏短语填空
①When the company was took over by his eldest son， it ， but three years later， it was back on its feet.
②Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence， but it could just .
【写美】 补全句子
③I at the moment， but hope to when I get paid.
我现在负债累累，但希望拿到工资后就能把债务还清。
④You have been so kind to us that we shall always feel we .
你对我们太好了，我们将永远感激不尽。
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 2.where 地点状语 3.who 主语 4.宾语 whom 宾语 that 表语
5.which 主语 前面的整个句子
即时演练1
①who/that ②whom ③where ④whose ⑤why ⑥when
即时演练2
①from ②of ③for ④in ⑤on
即时演练3
①which ②As ③that ④that ⑤that
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①against ②discrimination ③discriminate between a man’s voice and a woman’s voice/discriminate a man’s voice from a woman’s voice
2.①to ②superiority ③was superior to
3.①was in debt ②put you in debt ③am heavily in debt；
be out of debt ④are deeply in your debt
7 / 7(共93张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
复习：定语从句
①This is a place where roses grow wild.
②The place where this happens is a valley， a world away from any
television studio.
③For young people who have little life experience，that can be a
challenge.
④However，like any entrepreneur who was just starting out， she still
had a lot to learn.
⑤Seeing her peers who also dream of success and independence，
Zhang has mixed feelings.
⑥Zhang never thought that this was something she would end up doing.
⑦You should know your own limits and those of the people you work
with.
⑧She has overcome a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the
success it is today.
⑨Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses，
which surprised many people.
⑩The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work
for me， which was totally outside my experience.
She couldn’t，however，hide the line of sweat running down her
forehead， which was caused partly by the heat of the television
studio， but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.
【我的发现】
1. 以上黑体部分①－⑧句为 ，⑨－ 句为
。
2. ①－②句中的定语从句由关系副词 引导，在从句中
作 。
3. ③－⑤句中的定语从句由关系代词 引导，在从句中作
。
限制性定语从句
非
限制性定语从句
where
地点状语
who
主
语
4. ⑥－⑧句中的定语从句的关系词省略了。⑥句中的定语从句的先行
词是不定代词something，关系代词多用that，在从句中作
。⑦句中的定语从句的先行词是people，关系代词
在从句中作 。⑧句中的定语从句的先行词是success，是特
指，关系代词 在从句中作 。
5. ⑨－ 句中的非限制性定语从句由关系代词 引导，在从
句中作 。⑨－⑩句中的先行词为 ，
句中的先行词是sweat。
宾
语
whom
宾语
that
表语
which
主语
前面的整个句子
一、定语从句中关系词的选择
准确地判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分是确定关系词的关键，再
结合先行词自身的属性便可做到万无一失。
词
关系
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
（1）who， whom， that所代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，
在从句中所起的作用如下：
The man who（m） you saw just now is our manager.
你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。（先行词指人，关系词
在从句中作宾语）
Is he the man who/that wants to see you？ （who/that在从句中
作主语）
他就是想见你的那个人吗？
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句
中作宾语）
他就是我昨天看到的那个人。
（2）whose用来指人或物（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of
which互换）
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
他们急忙赶过去帮助那个车坏了的人。
Please pass me the book whose （of which the） cover is
green.
请把那本绿色封面的书递给我。
（3）which， that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从
句中可作主语、宾语等。
A prosperity which/that has never been seen before appears in
the countryside.（which/that在从句中作主语）
乡村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
The package （which/that） you are carrying is about to come
unwrapped.（which/that在从句中作宾语）
你拿着的这个包裹快要散开了。
（4）as引导的定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
They talked in such simple English as children could
understand.（as在从句中作宾语）
他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。
As is known to all， fish can’t live without water.（as在从句
中作主语）
众所周知，鱼离不开水。
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作
状语。
关系副词when， where， why的含义相当于“介词＋ which”结
构，因此常常和“介词＋which”结构交换使用。
There are occasions when （on which） one must yield.
一个人肯定有屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born.
北京是我出生的地方。
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer？
这就是他拒绝我们帮助的原因吗？
【即时演练1】 用适当的关系词填空
①There is even a story about how he helped a little girl
knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework.
②They usually identify their best friend as someone with they
can talk frequently.
③That movie led him into the second half of his career his
comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success.
④The Bears， a team record this season had been perfect.
⑤Instead of making many excuses you can’t reach your goal，
just hold on to your dream.
⑥The film brought the time back to me I was taken good care
of in the countryside by my grandparents.
who/that
whom
where
whose
why
when
二、难点突破
1. “介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句
（1）关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系
代词只能用which （指物） 或whom （指人）。
The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.
他正在用来写字的铅笔突然断了。
Look at the photo.This is Mr Green， in front of whom sit three
students.
看这张照片。这是格林先生，在他的前面坐着三个学生。
Do you remember the day when/on which you joined our club？
你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
名师点津
“介词＋关系词”引导定语从句时介词的选择：
①介词的选择要根据定语从句中的谓语、先行词以及它们之间的搭配
来确定。
②有些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，故不能提到关系
词前。
③关系副词when根据先行词的不同可转化为：in/during/on/at 等＋
which；关系副词 where 可转化为：in/on/at 等＋which； 关系副词why
可转化为：for＋which。
（2）“不定代词或数词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句可转
化为“of＋which/whom＋不定代词或数词”引导的定语从
句。其中不定代词为：some， any， none， both， all，
many， a few， few， a little， little， either， neither，
one， most， part等。
There are 40 students in our class， most of whom （＝of whom
most） like English.
我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。
（3）“whose＋名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the＋名词＋of＋
which/whom”或“of＋which/whom＋the＋名词”。介词of表示
所有关系。
I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
＝I live in a room the windows of which （＝of which the
windows） are all broken.
我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。
（4）表示“方式”的名词way后的定语从句中，如果关系词在从句中
作方式状语，关系词用 that 或 in which，也可省略关系词。
I don’t like the way （that/in which） he talks to me.
我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。
（5）“某些介词＋关系副词”可引导定语从句。
He graduated from Peking University in 1988， since when he has
improved himself in all aspects.
他1988年毕业于北京大学。从那时起他在各方面的能力都提
高了。
【即时演练2】 用适当的介词填空
①It is our hope that in coming decades， advances in science will offer
new perspectives which we can study how people manage their
lives.
②The last person whom I took a photo was my sister Daisy when
we were hanging out last weekend at the park.
③The reason which we must stick to planting trees is that they can
supply fresh air to us.
from
of
for
④We carefully studied the photos， which we could see signs of
plant disease.
⑤Casey， who was looking up at the screen which readers’
comments kept popping up.
in
on
2. 定语从句中需要注意的问题
（1）as， which引导非限制性定语从句时，as通常指代整个主句的
内容，which既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代具体的词或
词组；as引导的从句位置灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末，
而which引导的从句通常位于先行词之后。
As we all know， smoking is harmful to our health.
我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。
He finished the work ahead of time， which was very important
to us.
他提前完成了工作，这对我们很重要。
（2）the same ...that表示“同一个，就是那一个”；而the
same ...as 表示“与……一样（但不是同一个）”。
This is the same book that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那本书。
This is the same book as I lost yesterday.
这与我昨天丢的那本书一样。
（3）在一些类似地点的抽象名词后面，也可用关系副词where来引
导定语从句。
I can think of many cases where cultural differences really
exist.
我可以想出许多文化差异确实存在的事例。
（4）定语从句的关系代词只用that而不用which的情况：
①当先行词是all， much， anything， nothing， everything等
不定代词时。
We should do everything that is useful to the people.
我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
②当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
When we talk about Hangzhou， the first that comes to our
mind is the West Lake.
当我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。
This is the fifth film that has been shown in our village.
这是在我们村庄放映的第五部电影。
③当先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world
now.
这是当今世界上能找到的最小的计算机。
④当先行词既有人又有物时。
They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.
他们谈论他们访问过的那些老师和学校。
⑤当先行词被the very， the only， the same等修饰时。
The only thing that I need now is a cup of coffee.
我现在唯一需要的是一杯咖啡。
This is the very storybook that I want to read.
这正是我想看的那本故事书。
【即时演练3】 用适当的关系词填空
①They often run at high speeds， may put our lives in danger.
② a famous poet once said，“He who is tired of London is tired
of life.”
③The first thing we should do is work out a plan.
④The Bird’s Nest is the very place cannot be missed when you
visit Beijing.
⑤Look at the boy and his dog are coming this way.
which
As
that
that
that
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
discriminate v.不公正地区别对待，歧视；偏袒
【教材原句】 However， some people are less optimistic， and argue
that it discriminates against producers not part of the Good Deal
movement.
然而，有些人就不那么乐观了，他们认为这是对生产者的歧视，而不
是Good Deal运动的一部分。
【用法】
（1）discriminate against 歧视，偏袒
discriminate between ...and ... 区分/辨别……和……
discriminate ...from ... 将……与……区别开
（2）discrimination n. 区别对待，歧视，偏袒
【佳句】 It is illegal to discriminate on the basis of race， sex or
religion.
因种族、性别或宗教而有所歧视是违法的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Insurance companies will no longer be able to discriminate
those who are sick.
②No doubt that there is a widespread
（discriminate） against disabled people.
against
discrimination
【写美】 补全句子
③Newborn babies can
.
新生儿能区分男人和女人的声音。
discriminate between a man’s voice and a
woman’s voice/discriminate a man’s voice from a woman’s voice
superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的；高级的n.上级；高手
【教材原句】 superior，smooth blend， with mild flavour
品质上乘，混合均匀，味道温和
【用法】
（1）superior in 在……方面优越
superior to 比……优越；比……好
（2）superiority n. 优越（性），优等；傲慢
【佳句】 Women have superior sensory abilities compared to men.
女人的感官能力比男人强。
【点津】 superior前不能用more，也不能与than连用。
His strength is superior to mine.他的体力比我强。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The salesman considered leather sofas superior cloth sofas and
worth buying.
②Compared with that operating system， the
（superior） of this one is obvious.
to
superiority
【写美】 补全句子
③She was chosen for the job because she the other
candidates.
她被选出来做这项工作是因为她比其他候选人优秀。
was superior to
go into debt陷入债务之中，负债
【教材原句】 Avoid luxuries so that you don’t go into debt.
避免奢侈，以免欠债。
【用法】
be in debt 欠债
get/run into debt （＝go into debt） 负债，陷入债务之中
be/get out of debt 不欠债
pay off one’s debts 偿清债务
put sb in debt 使某人负债
be in one’s debt/in the debt to sb 欠某人的情，对某人感激不尽
【佳句】 If you can get yourself out of debt and change your money
habits， you can have a great financial future.
如果你能让自己摆脱债务，并改变你的金钱习惯，未来你就能拥有很
好的财务状况。
【练透】 选用上面短语填空
①When the company was took over by his eldest son， it
， but three years later， it was back on its feet.
②Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial
independence， but it could just .
was in
debt
put you in debt
【写美】 补全句子
③I at the moment， but hope to
when I get paid.
我现在负债累累，但希望拿到工资后就能把债务还清。
④You have been so kind to us that we shall always feel we
.
你对我们太好了，我们将永远感激不尽。
am heavily in debt
be out of
debt
are deeply in
your debt
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The experts decided to give up the （传统的） way
to treat the disease.
2. I wish everyone would stop （干涉） and just leave me
alone.
3. It doesn’t matter who will take over the company， as no one can save
it from the （金融的） crisis.
conventional
interfering
financial
4. To his anger， his son was fined for e the speed limit.
5. Sometimes our opinions are s ， so we’d better think twice
before we make a decision.
xceeding
ubjective
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
go into debt， up to， interfere with， on one’s own， make ends
meet， such as
1. According to a recent US survey， children spend 25 hours a
week watching TV.
2. Too much screen time can a child’s ability to focus
on a task.
up to
interfere with
3. It’s a luxury to eat fresh food， because fresh produce
fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the
Earth every couple of months.
4. They can hardly ， though they’ve been trying to
cut down on their expenses.
5. They took out a large loan， thus .
6. After her husband passed away， the woman lived for
four years.
such as
make ends meet
going into debt
on her own
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. On the eve of the Spring Festival， I usually stay up until
midnight， .
在除夕，我通常熬夜到午夜，那时我可以放鞭炮和烟花。
2. April， ， is the
best time to appreciate the beautiful scenery.
春暖花开的四月是欣赏美景的最佳时机。
when I can set off the firecrackers and fireworks
when it gets warmer and flowers start blooming
3. I walked up to the top of the mountain with my friend，
.
我和我的朋友一起走到山顶，在那里我们欣赏到了湖泊的壮丽
景色。
4. This is Tom’s notebook
.
这是汤姆的笔记本，没有它他就无法检查他的设计图。
5. There are 50 chairs in the hall， .
大厅里有50把椅子，绝大部分是新的。
where we
enjoyed a splendid view of the lake
without which he cannot check his design
drawing
most of which are new
6. Thanks to Professor Smith，
.
多亏史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。
7. I have actively attended English lectures，
.
我积极参加了英语讲座，了解到了英国和美国的文化。
8. This .
这支钢笔和我昨天买的一样。
without whose help I would never have
made such great progress
from which I have a good
knowledge of British and American culture
is the same pen as I bought yesterday
9. Mr Zhang， ， is an old friend of
mine.
昨天来看我的张先生是我的一个老朋友。
10. He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday，
.
他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。
who came to see me yesterday
which pleased
her a lot
维度三：语法与语篇
根据语境，用适当的关系词填空。
Mary，1. drawings were shown at the exhibition last
month，is a model student 2. is often praised for her good
work at school.3. we all know，Mary is famous for her painting
of horses.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall，our eyes were caught
by a very large picture 4. was hung on the wall in front of
us.The horse 5. was drawn in the picture was exactly like a
real horse.The man 6.
whose
who/that
As
which/that
which/that
was riding on it looked like a living man.It was the best picture
7. I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young
painter 8. I have ever heard of.Her friend 9. was
visiting the exhibition told me the reason 10. Mary painted well
was that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing.
who/that
that
that
who/that
why
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Although the vast majority of people have admitted to considering
having an emergency fund to fall back on in case of a financial disaster，
once their paycheck comes through， they have many duties higher on
their list of importance that need paying off.However， one Australian
financial advisor has given clear and important reasons why an emergency
fund should always be at the top of your priorities.
Canna Campbell explains how to create this fund and how it differs
from your other savings accounts.She said，“Your emergency fund
should be treated differently to your current account and savings.”
Campbell went on to explain that the money put into this account should be
decided according to how much you are paid in your job and if you were to
lose it， the money you would need to keep yourself out of the minus.
In addition， people need to consider situations where they might
have housing damage or a medical emergency arising， resulting in them
requiring immediate assistance that insurance will not cover.For this
reason， Campbell added that there is no “‘one size fits all’；
everyone is different.” She insisted that it “boils down to your
situation， lifestyle， responsibilities and what helps you sleep well at
night”.
As for how to do it， Canna gave instructions too， “Work out how
you can start setting money aside in a separate account， and build this
separate savings account as quickly as possible， without cutting your
living expenses.”
She finally added， “So keep it simple.However， it can be worth
temporarily going without a few luxuries in order to find the extra cash
flow to put into your emergency fund account.Going without a few items
in the short term definitely outweighs the stress as it gives you peace of
mind knowing that you have a safety net to protect you.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应急基金的重要性、金
额大小的确定和存储方式。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应急基金的重要性、金
额大小的确定和存储方式。
1. Which of the following shows what most people do about creating an
emergency fund？（ ）
A. Prevention is better than cure.
B. Lightning never strikes the same place twice.
C. Time and tide wait for no man.
D. To say is one thing and to do is just another.
解析： 细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，大多数人清楚应急基
金的重要性，但都只是停留在嘴上说说，并不付诸行动。
2. What do Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly focus on？（ ）
A. The benefits of an emergency fund.
B. The size of an emergency fund.
C. The types of an emergency fund.
D. The necessity of an emergency fund.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段第一句可
知，第二、三段主要讲应急基金的金额大小如何确定。
3. What is Canna’s opinion on the emergency fund？（ ）
A. It can replace insurance.
B. It brings more fun.
C. It is very simple.
D. It can lessen stress.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Canna认为
应急基金可以减轻压力，提供安全保障。
4. What can be a suitable title for the text？（ ）
A. What Just Goes at the Very Top of Your Priorities？
B. How Does Emergency Fund Obtain the Peace of Mind？
C. Emergency Fund for Financial Security and Stability
D. Canna’s Advice on Reducing a Financial Disaster
解析： 标题归纳题。文章围绕应急基金展开，介绍了其重要
性、金额大小的确定和存储方式，尤其根据第二段最后一句和最后
一段最后一句可知，应急基金可以为生活提供保障和安全感。
B
As a financial adviser， my clients come to me seeking help with
growing their wealth.Perhaps the greatest lesson I share is that being rich
isn’t a dollar amount； it is a perception that includes happiness， peace
of mind， comfort and security.There’s a big difference between being
wealthy and feeling wealthy.
Actually， one of the best ways I advise others in building their
wealth is this：The secret to having more is giving more.Studies have
shown that people who volunteer weekly exhibit an increase in
happiness.Donating your time makes you grateful for all that you have，
and you’ll have the unmatched joy and excitement of knowing you have
made a huge impact for the good of others.
Volunteering enables you to increase your relationship skills and
encourages you to have conversations with people from very different
walks of life.You can even make new friends.It is also a wonderful
activity that families can do together.This has the added benefit of serving
as a good role model to your children.I am encouraging my kids to
volunteer and experience the power of love for themselves.
Without fail， every time I volunteer， I have conversations that
change my life in some way.I was once volunteering at a local shelter and
struck up a conversation with other volunteers.As we chatted， we all
suddenly realized：The massive gratitude of those receiving help acted
like a nuclear bomb going off in our hearts， and it also touched the other
volunteers， making us all realize how truly blessed we are.
Giving our time， money and energy gives us a sense of achievement
like nothing else.If “wealth” really is a perception of happiness，
comfort and security， we must learn to get out of our own experience and
understand what wealth means to other people.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者分享了对财富的认识：有
钱不一定富有，当志愿者给予别人时间、金钱、精力才是真正的富
有。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者分享了对财富的认识：有
钱不一定富有，当志愿者给予别人时间、金钱、精力才是真正的富
有。
5. What is the author’s understanding of wealth？（ ）
A. It is more of a state of mind.
B. It gives one the duty to help others.
C. It has something to do with finance.
D. It lifts people’s spirits like nothing else.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的being rich
isn’t ...includes happiness， peace of mind， comfort and security
可知，作者认为富有不是金钱的数量，而是一种对幸福、内心平
静、舒适和安全的理解。据此可以推断，作者认为富有更多的是一
种心态。
6. What makes a person appreciate what he has already owned？（ ）
A. Winning people’s recognition.
B. Spending time helping others.
C. Making a deep impression on others.
D. Improving one’s interpersonal skills.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Donating your time makes
you grateful for all that you have可知，作者认为花费时间帮助别人
会让一个人感恩自己所拥有的一切。
7. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A. Benefits of volunteering.
B. Parents’ roles in a family.
C. Importance of social skills.
D. Ways of being a volunteer.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了做
志愿者工作的益处。
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？（ ）
A. A Road to Real Wealth in Life
B. A Lesson in Wealth Management
C. A Different Way to Pursue Happiness
D. A Life-Changing Volunteering Experience
解析： 标题归纳题。本文第一段引入话题，讲述了作者对富有
的看法；第二段提出论点“真正富有的秘诀在于多付出”；第三段
讲述了作志愿者的益处；第四段作者结合自己的志愿者经历，进一
步证实论点；最后一段再次阐述论点“奉献我们的时间、金钱和精
力会给予我们无与伦比的成就感”。因此A项（生活中通往真正的
富有之路）为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Imagine winning the lottery and never having to worry about money
again.Would you travel around the world， 9 a sports car and live in
a mansion （公馆）？Susan Herdman’s 10 came true in January
2010 when she won nearly ￡1.2 million.But her life has 11
surprisingly simple.“I’ve been a hard worker all my life.” says
Susan， 52.“I’ve always had jobs and my parents 12 me that if
you want something， work for it — no one gives you a 13 you
want，” she adds.
While most lottery winners take a luxury 14 or go on a wild
spending spree （狂欢）， Susan incredibly worked as 15 at her hair
salon （美发厅）.“You suddenly go from 16 the heating down
because you’re worried about the gas bill to having all this money in the
bank，” says Susan.“Your life has changed 17 .But at that point I
didn’t want the rest of my life to change.” It is not surprising that Susan
is happy to lead an incredibly down-to-earth life， 18 at 6：30 am and
working on the pig farm.
“It’s a hard life， but it’s a good life，”she 19 .“You
need a purpose to get up.I’m very 20 that a lot of lottery winners
lose it all in a short space of time.I told myself that to win it and lose it
would be 21 than never winning it.Don’t get me wrong：we’ve
had some really good holidays.But I was aware that I had to look after
it.”
Asked about the 22 to lottery winners， Susan says，“Don’t
go crazy. 23 that happiness can’t be bought.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。彩票中奖将近120万英镑的苏珊不像
其他的获奖者那样享受奢华的生活，而是继续往日简朴的生活。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。彩票中奖将近120万英镑的苏珊不像
其他的获奖者那样享受奢华的生活，而是继续往日简朴的生活。
9. A. borrow B. rent C. enjoy D. drive
解析： 根据语境可知，此处意为“开跑车”。
10. A. imagination B. dream
C. belief D. luck
解析： 彩票中奖是彩民的梦想。苏珊在2010年1月获得了将近
120万英镑的奖金，因此此处意为“苏珊的梦想实现了”。
11. A. remained B. lived
C. left D. performed
解析： 根据下文I’ve been a hard worker all my life.可知，苏
珊的生活还是那么简朴。
12. A. directed B. warned
C. taught D. required
解析： 苏珊的父母教育她如果她想要得到什么，就努力去
争取。
13. A. lottery B. car C. life D. chance
解析： “work for it”是一种生活态度，也就是说，没有人给
你想要的生活。
14. A. mansion B. party
C. farm D. holiday
解析： 根据上文的travel around the world可知，此处意为“一
个奢侈的假期”。
15. A. early B. normal
C. ordinary D. simple
解析： 根据下文I didn’t want the rest of my life to change可
知，苏珊依然像平常一样工作。
16. A. turning B. breaking
C. loading D. putting
解析： 根据下文you’re worried about the gas bill可知，为了少
支付燃气费而将暖气开得小一点儿。
17. A. unfortunately B. unbelievably
C. unreasonably D. unconditionally
解析： 上文描述了经济状况的突然改变，此处讲你的生活变
化得令人难以相信。
18. A. sleeping B. walking
C. running D. rising
解析： 根据下文的working可知，这里指起床。
19. A. insists B. replies
C. describes D. recalls
解析： 苏珊认为自己的生活很好，她坚持这样的看法。
20. A. thankful B. surprised
C. aware D. curious
解析： 苏珊对很多中奖者很快失去财富有着清醒的认识。
21. A. faster B. poorer
C. easier D. worse
解析： 苏珊认为赢得然后失去比从来没有中奖还要糟糕。
22. A. secret B. advice
C. choice D. situation
解析： 根据下文Don’t go crazy.可知，这是苏珊对彩票中奖
者的忠告。
23. A. Appreciate B. Consider
C. Respect D. Expect
解析： 苏珊奉劝彩票中奖者：不要疯狂，要意识到幸福是买
不到的。
Ⅲ.语法填空
China will support Chengdu and Chongqing in accelerating the
construction of a “western science city”24. building a
science and technology innovation center with national influence，
according to a document 25. （make） public Friday.
The document was issued together by 12 central 26. （agency）， including the Ministry of Science and Technology， and the governments of Chongqing and Sichuan Province.
The existing sci-tech parks 27. the cities of Chengdu，
Chongqing and Mianyang will be the start-up zones of the science city，
and efforts will be made to accelerate cluster （集群） development and
form a collaborative （合作的） innovation network， according to the
document.
The document clarifies the main objectives of the center，
28. include establishing a number of world-class innovation
platforms and research bases and gathering some famous universities，
institutions and innovative enterprises by 2025， with 29. purpose of taking the lead in innovative research in basic disciplines， such as material science and nuclear science.
The document 30. （highlight） specific targets to
achieve by 2025， including investing more than 5 percent of regional
GDP in total R&D spending and producing over 80 high-value patents per
10，000 people.
The science city 31. （build） into a comprehensive
science center by 2035， 32. （attract） top scientists
from around the globe， achieving 33. （science）
breakthroughs in key fields and leading industries into the high-end of the
global value chains.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。中国政府支持成渝地区加快建设
“西部科学城”，打造具有全国影响力的科技创新中心。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。中国政府支持成渝地区加快建设
“西部科学城”，打造具有全国影响力的科技创新中心。
24. and 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，动词-ing短语
accelerating ...“western science city”和building ...center with
national influence作介词in的宾语，且两者为并列关系，故填and。
25. made 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动
词形式，动词make与其逻辑主语a document之间为被动关系，应用过
去分词形式，故填made。
26. agencies 考查名词的单复数。根据空前的12 central可知，此处指
十二个中央机构，应用名词复数，故填agencies。
27. in 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指成都、重庆和绵阳现有的
科技园区，故填介词in。
28. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性
定语从句，先行词为the main objectives of the center，故填which。
29. the 考查冠词。with the purpose of意为“目的是……；为
了……”，为固定用法。故填the。
30. highlights 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处陈
述一般事实，应用一般现在时；主语为The document， 故填
highlights。
31. will be built 考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语by 2035可
知，本句应用一般将来时；动词build与主语The science city之间为被
动关系，应用被动语态，故填will be built。
32. attracting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语
动词，此处应为非谓语动词。32. top ...globe与下文中的
achieving ...fields和leading ...chains为并列关系，在句中作状语，故
填attracting。
33. scientific 考查词形转换。修饰名词breakthroughs应用形容词，此
处指在重点领域实现科学突破，故填scientific。
谢谢观看！
