Section Ⅳ Writing about the unexplained
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When the discovery of fossilized （化石的） footprints made in what’s now New Mexico was made public in 2021， it was an astonishing moment for archaeology， seemingly rewriting a chapter of the human story. Now new research is offering further evidence of their significance.
While they look like they could have been made yesterday， the footprints were pressed into mud 21，000 to 23，000 years ago， according to radiocarbon dating of the seeds of a water plant that were preserved above and below the fossils. This date dramatically pushed back the timeline of humans’ history in the Americas， the last land to be settled by prehistoric people. The 61 dated prints， which were discovered in the Tularosa Basin， near the edge of an ancient lake in White Sands National Park， were made at a time when many scientists think that massive ice sheets had stopped human passage into North America， indicating that humans arrived in the region even earlier.
However， some archaeologists questioned the age of the footprints established by those initial findings. They noted that water plants such as Ruppia cirrhosa — the one used in the 2021 study — can acquire carbon atoms from the water rather than the air， which can result in a misleadingly early date.
In a follow-up study published Thursday in the journal Science， researchers said they have produced two new lines of evidence to support their initial dates. “Even as the original work was being published， we were speeding up to test our results with multiple lines of evidence，” said Kathleen Springer， co-lead author on the new Science paper， in a news release. “We were confident in our original ages， as well as the strong evidence.”
When and how early humans first moved to the Americas has long been debated and remains poorly understood. Current estimates range from 13，000 years ago to more than 20，000 years ago. However， the earliest archaeological evidence for the region’s settlement is insufficient and often controversial， making the footprints especially important.
1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？（ ）
A.The purpose of the new research.
B.The method of the dating.
C.The significance of the footprints.
D.The efforts of the scientists.
2.Why did some archaeologists question the age of the footprints？（ ）
A.It goes against the prior knowledge.
B.The prints seem to be made recently.
C.The previous research method is improper.
D.The then massive ice sheets are misleading.
3.What will the author probably talk about next？（ ）
A.The doubt about the age of the footprints.
B.The new evidence of the fossilized footprints.
C.An agreement between the two sides of the debate.
D.Early humans hardship of moving to the Americas.
4.What is the purpose of the text？（ ）
A.To explain the process of archaeological study.
B.To report the discovery of fossilized footprints.
C.To introduce a debate on the age of the footprints.
D.To present the progress of the footprint research.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Once there lived a farmer possessing a piece of land along the Atlantic coast.He was always making 5 for hired hands， but no one seemed to be interested.
People were 6 to work along the Atlantic， for violent storms happened frequently.After months of advertising， a man 7 the farm.“Do you have any 8 to work on a farm？” the farmer asked.“Well， I may not have enough experience， but I can sleep when the wind blows，” replied the man.Although puzzled by the man’s answer， the farmer had no 9 but to hire him.The man worked quite well and the farmer was pretty 10 .One night， the wind 11 the farmer.He jumped out of his bed and 12 for his helper.“Wake up！” the farmer yelled， throwing the man off the bed.“A 13 is coming.Tie things down before they get 14 .” The man said，“Sir， I told you， I can sleep when the wind blows.”
Angered by the 15 ， the farmer didn’t lose his temper on the spot， though. 16 ， he hurried outside to prepare for the storm.To his 17 ， he found the chickens in the cages， the cows in the barn and the doors closed. 18 was tied down so that nothing could be blown away.The farmer smiled at that moment and he 19 what his employee had said.
5.（ ）A.messages B.letters
C.advertisements D.requests
6.（ ）A.miserable B.surprised
C.hopeless D.unwilling
7.（ ）A.purchased B.approached
C.measured D.valued
8.（ ）A.confidence B.courage
C.intention D.experience
9.（ ）A.choice B.idea
C.curiosity D.doubt
10.（ ）A.jealous B.satisfied
C.shocked D.hurt
11.（ ）A.reached B.struck
C.woke D.touched
12.（ ）A.asked B.waited
C.headed D.cared
13.（ ）A.storm B.ship
C.shark D.wave
14.（ ）A.set down B.picked up
C.taken away D.blown away
15.（ ）A.weather B.response
C.politeness D.excuse
16.（ ）A.Besides B.Therefore
C.Instead D.Furthermore
17.（ ）A.regret B.amazement
C.credit D.delight
18.（ ）A.Everything B.Something
C.Anything D.Nothing
19.（ ）A.thanked B.admired
C.remembered D.understood
Ⅲ.语法填空
Santa Maria is the southernmost island in the Azores archipelago.Known as the “Yellow Island”，Santa Maria is an island 20. （recognize） for its abundance （丰富） of sunshine， hence the nickname.21. （be） the first island in the Azores discovered and colonized by Portugal in the 15th century， this small island of 5，000 people has a rich cultural history that 22. （date） back over 500 years.
The first settlement on the island and eventually in all of the Azores 23. （region） is located in Santana， a small coastal village with a few hundred people.It was 24. the command of Captain Goncalo Velho Cabral and his crew in 1432 25. they discovered the island to return and populate it with pigs， goats， sheep， chickens， and cattle to colonize this unoccupied piece of land in the Atlantic.
Santa Maria has 26. unique biodiversity which is very different from the other 8 islands in the Azores archipelago.It has a wide range of marine fossils which is 27. （high） rare on volcanic islands in general.This is the only island in the Azores 28. （have） such marine fossils and is one of the many unique characteristics that this unspoiled （未经开发的） island has to offer.
Another interesting fact about Santa Maria is the wide 29. （vary） of seabirds that nest there throughout their migration period.This safe island is important for the habitat and passage of birds during their migratory phase.
Section Ⅳ Writing about the unexplained
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于脚印化石将人类抵达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究。
1.C 段落大意题。根据第二段前两句可知，脚印的发现大大推迟了人类在美洲的历史时间，所以本段主要讲的是脚印的意义。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，考古学家质疑这些脚印的年代是因为早期研究的方法可能有误导性。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，脚印的研究对早期人类何时以及如何首次迁移到美洲很重要。由此推断，作者接下来要谈论脚印化石的新证据。
4.D 目的意图题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，文章介绍了关于脚印化石将人类抵达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究。由此推知，文章的目的是介绍足迹研究的进展。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位农夫聘用了一名男子在大西洋沿岸的农场做工，这名男子声称自己在刮风的夜晚也能安然睡觉，农夫后来才理解这句话的意思。
5.C 根据下文After months of advertising， a man 7 the farm.可知，农夫是通过发布广告来找农场雇工的。
6.D 根据空后的for violent storms happened frequently可知，大西洋沿岸经常有暴风雨。由此可推知，人们不愿意在这里工作。be unwilling to do sth意为“不愿意做某事”。
7.B 根据语境可知，农夫发布了几个月的广告后，一名男子走近农场。
8.D 根据下文的I may not have enough experience可知，此处农夫应是问这名男子是否有在农场工作的经验。
9.A 根据第一段第二句可知，农夫一直在发布广告来找农场雇工，但似乎没有人对此感兴趣，也就是说他很难找到雇工，因此此处应是指农夫虽然不理解他说的话，但是也别无选择，只能雇用这名男子。
10.B 根据空前的The man worked quite well可知，这名男子的工作做得很好，因此农夫非常满意。
11.C 根据下文的He jumped out of his bed可知，农夫跳下了床。由此可知，风把他吵醒了。
12.C 根据下文的“Wake up！” the farmer yelled， throwing the man off the bed.可知，农夫去叫醒这名男子，因此此处指他跳下床后就朝他的帮手走去。
13.A 根据下文 16 ， he hurried outside to prepare for the storm.可知，农夫匆忙走到外面要为应对暴风雨作准备，因此此处是指暴风雨要来了。
14.D 根据空前的Tie things down可知，农夫要这名男子把东西都系好。结合常识可知，这样做的目的是防止东西被风吹走。
15.B 根据上文可知，一天晚上，暴风雨要来了，农夫让这名男子把东西都系好，他却回应道：“先生，我告诉过你，刮风的时候我能睡着。”由此可推知，农夫应是被这名男子的回应激怒了。
16.C 农夫没有当场发脾气，他匆忙走到外面要为应对暴风雨作准备，前后为转折关系。
17.B 农夫匆忙走到外面本来是要为应对暴风雨作准备，却发现一切都被安置得非常妥当，因此他看到的景象令他很吃惊。
18.A 根据空后的nothing could be blown away可知，没有东西能被吹走，因此此处指所有的东西都被系好了。
19.D 根据9空前的Although puzzled by the man’s answer可知，农夫起初并不理解这名男子说的话，再根据The farmer smiled at that moment可推知，农夫笑了的原因应是他此时理解了这名男子的话。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于亚速尔群岛最南端的“阳光岛”，该岛因其阳光充足而著称，具有丰富的文化历史和独特的生物多样性。
20.recognized 考查非谓语动词。空处作定语，且与island构成被动关系，故填过去分词recognized。
21.Being 考查非谓语动词。空处作原因状语，应用动词-ing形式，故填Being。
22.dates 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。date back to 是固定短语，讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填dates。
23.regions 考查名词的单复数。根据空前的all of可知，后面的名词应用复数，故填regions。
24.under 考查介词。under the command of 意为“在……的领导下”，故填under。
25.when 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词1432，并在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
26.a 考查冠词。根据句意可知，圣玛丽亚岛拥有一种独特的生物多样性，泛指一种，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
27.highly 考查词形转换。修饰形容词rare， 应用副词作状语，故填highly。
28.to have 考查非谓语动词。根据island前面的the only可知，应用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to have。
29.variety 考查词形转换。根据wide可知，后面应用名词，故填variety。
3 / 3Section Ⅳ Writing about the unexplained
Step 1 品教材课文
A LONG LINE OF MYSTERIES
Along a special line of latitude， known as the 30th parallel north， lie numerous sites of ancient civilisations and impressive natural features.
Ancient civilisations appeared on the parallel， including Babylon， with its famous tower； Egypt， with its pyramids； China， with its Sanxingdui culture， etc.These civilisations appeared at a similar time， and all developed advanced bronze-making techniques.Were they part of a single super-civilisation， as some think？
It’s argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy， with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.This creates amazing natural features， including Mount Qomolangma， the Dead Sea， and rivers， such as the Nile， the Mississippi and the Yangtze.Lacking any concrete evidence， some even claim it was supernatural powers！
Scientists， however， dispute these theories.It’s more likely，they argue， that civilisations arose on the 30th parallel north because the climate there is generally warm and damp.Major tectonic plates meet at this latitude， causing earthquakes， which helped form the Himalayas.The rest， they say， is either coincidence or fantasy.
Step 2 析写作手法
学语言：
1.修饰语：
①形容词impressive； advanced； frequent； amazing
②副词generally
2.句式：运用了完全倒装句
3.连接词：including； such as， however
4.高级表达：
①主语从句It’s argued that ...；It’s more likely that ...
②原因状语从句because the climate there is generally warm and damp
③动词-ing短语Lacking any concrete evidence； causing earthquakes
④非限制性定语从句which helped form the Himalayas
5.时态：一般现在时和一般过去时
学结构：
1.未解现象是什么；2.神秘的原因；
3.非科学解释；4.科学家们的解释。
Step 3 背出彩佳句
1.The largest pyramid of all， also known as the Great Pyramid of Cheops （or Khufu）， was built around 5，000 years ago.
其中最大的金字塔，也被称为基奥普斯（或胡夫）大金字塔，建于约5，000年前。
2.It took him 10 years to obtain a patent for this remarkable device， which still has no scientific explanation today.
他花了10年的时间为这个了不起的装置取得了专利，直到今天也没有科学的解释。
3.In the 1940s， a French hardware dealer spotted some mummified animals exactly one-third up the height of the pyramid.
在20世纪40年代，一个法国五金商人发现一些动物的木乃伊正好在金字塔高度的三分之一处。
“大脚怪（Bigfoot）”一直引发人们的热议。请根据所给的图片以及文字提示写一篇英语短文来参与讨论。
出没地址 北美
神秘生物 描述 像猿 （ape），高6－10英尺，重量在500磅以上，全身覆盖棕色或红色的毛，头和眼睛很大，脚印长达24英寸
发现情况 科学家和研究人员找到了与它相关的毛发、粪便 （faeces） 及大脚印等
结论 无其他证据证明其存在，也许是当地传说以吓唬徒步者或猎人
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
第一段：神秘生物出现的地点；
第二段：根据所给内容，描述神秘之处；
第三段：科学家的相关研究情况及结论。
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1.大脚怪是世界著名的神秘生物之一。
2.它是在北美洲被首次看到的。
3.据说它高6－10英尺。
4.它重量在500磅以上。
5.它全身覆盖棕色或红色的毛，头和眼睛很大。
6.科学家和研究人员团队已经去那里进行了调查。
7.他们已经找到了与它相关的东西，如毛发、粪便等。
8.但是到目前为止，没有其他证据证明其存在。
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1.用非限制性定语从句合并要点1和要点2。
2.用现在分词合并要点3、要点4和要点5。
3.用定语从句合并要点6和要点7。
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
动作 描写 intrigue v.（因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心 bury v.将……埋在下面 abandon v.离弃，逃离 retreat v.后退；离开；退避 shrink v.退缩，畏缩 shrink from 避免做，不愿做 set out 动身踏上（漫长的）旅途 run for one’s life 逃命 think twice 再三考虑，慎重考虑 apply ...to ...把……应用于…… throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
环境 描写 canal n.运河 coral n.珊瑚 ruin n.残垣断壁，废墟
人物描写 subdue v.克制，抑制（情绪）
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成下面语段。
对冒险故事很感兴趣的尼古拉斯（Nicholas）和父亲出发去滑雪了。他们那天很开心。他们要离开时，尼古拉斯决定沿着不同的路径下山。然而，一场猛烈的暴风雪席卷了这个地区，尼古拉斯迷路了，孤身一人。他想起了他曾经读到的一则故事。故事中一个人被遗弃在一个荒野地区，不得不自救。“我不会畏缩于危险，是时候把我学到的技巧付诸实践了。”他低声说道。他决心逃命。虽然情绪低落，但他不会后退。再三考虑之后，他全身心地投入到建造一个取暖的雪洞上。第二天，他的父亲找到了他，他安然无恙。
Section Ⅳ Writing about the unexplained
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.The Bigfoot is one of the world-famous mysterious creatures.
2.It was first seen in North America.
3.It was said to be 6－10 feet tall.
4.It weighed over 500 pounds.
5.It was covered in brown or red fur with large eyes and a big head.
6.Teams of scientists and researchers have gone there to make an investigation.
7.They have found things related to it， such as fur， faeces and so on.
8.However， so far there has been no other evidence to prove its existence.
三、1.The Bigfoot，which was first seen in North America， is one of the world-famous mysterious creatures.
2.It was said to be 6－10 feet tall，weighing over 500 pounds and was covered in brown or red fur with large eyes and a big head.
3.Teams of scientists and researchers who have gone there to make an investigation have found things related to it， such as fur， faeces and so on.
四、
The Bigfoot， which was first seen in North America， is one of the world-famous mysterious creatures.
Witnesses described it as an ape-like creature.It was said to be 6－10 feet tall， weighing over 500 pounds and was covered in brown or red fur with large eyes and a big head.Footprints up to 24 inches long have been found.
Teams of scientists and researchers who have gone there to make an investigation have found things related to it， such as fur， faeces and so on.However， so far there has been no other evidence to prove its existence.Some people think it may be just in folk tales or stories to terrify hikers and hunters in North America.
【教材词汇·练续写】
Nicholas，intrigued by adventure stories，set out to go skiing with his father.They had a wonderful day.When they were to leave， Nicholas decided to go down in different trails.However， a fierce snowstorm swept into the area and Nicholas got lost， all alone.He remembered the story he ever read，in which a man was abandoned in a wild area and had to save himself.“I would not shrink from danger.It’s time to apply the tips I have learned to use，” he whispered.He determined to run for his life.Although in a subdued mood，he would not retreat.Thinking twice，he threw himself into building a snow cave to keep himself warm.The next day，he was found by his father， safe and sound.
3 / 4(共57张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Writing about the unexplained
1
细品课文·学手法
目 录
2
演练佳作·写美文
3
教材词汇·练续写
4
课时检测·提能力
细品课文·学手法
培养思维品质
1
Step 1 品教材课文
A LONG LINE OF MYSTERIES
Along a special line of latitude， known as the 30th parallel north，
lie numerous sites of ancient civilisations and impressive natural features.
Ancient civilisations appeared on the parallel， including Babylon，
with its famous tower； Egypt， with its pyramids； China， with its
Sanxingdui culture， etc.These civilisations appeared at a similar time，
and all developed advanced bronze-making techniques.Were they part of a
single super-civilisation， as some think？
It’s argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural
energy， with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.This creates
amazing natural features， including Mount Qomolangma， the Dead
Sea， and rivers， such as the Nile， the Mississippi and the
Yangtze.Lacking any concrete evidence， some even claim it was
supernatural powers！
Scientists， however， dispute these theories.It’s more likely，
they argue， that civilisations arose on the 30th parallel north because the
climate there is generally warm and damp.Major tectonic plates meet at
this latitude， causing earthquakes， which helped form the
Himalayas.The rest， they say， is either coincidence or fantasy.
Step 2 析写作手法
学语言：
1. 修饰语：
①形容词impressive； advanced； frequent； amazing
②副词generally
2. 句式：运用了完全倒装句
3. 连接词：including； such as， however
4. 高级表达：
①主语从句It’s argued that ...；It’s more likely that ...
②原因状语从句because the climate there is generally warm and damp
③动词-ing短语Lacking any concrete evidence； causing earthquakes
④非限制性定语从句which helped form the Himalayas
5. 时态：一般现在时和一般过去时
学结构：
1. 未解现象是什么；
2. 神秘的原因；
3. 非科学解释；
4. 科学家们的解释。
Step 3 背出彩佳句
1. The largest pyramid of all， also known as the Great Pyramid of
Cheops （or Khufu）， was built around 5，000 years ago.
其中最大的金字塔，也被称为基奥普斯（或胡夫）大金字塔，建于
约5，000年前。
2. It took him 10 years to obtain a patent for this remarkable device，
which still has no scientific explanation today.
他花了10年的时间为这个了不起的装置取得了专利，直到今天也没
有科学的解释。
3. In the 1940s， a French hardware dealer spotted some mummified
animals exactly one-third up the height of the pyramid.
在20世纪40年代，一个法国五金商人发现一些动物的木乃伊正好在
金字塔高度的三分之一处。
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
2
“大脚怪（Bigfoot）”一直引发人们的热议。请根据所给的图片
以及文字提示写一篇英语短文来参与讨论。
出没
地址 北美
神秘
生物 描述 像猿 （ape），高6－10英尺，重量在500磅以上，全身覆盖棕
色或红色的毛，头和眼睛很大，脚印长达24英寸
发现
情况 科学家和研究人员找到了与它相关的毛发、粪便 （faeces） 及
大脚印等
结论 无其他证据证明其存在，也许是当地传说以吓唬徒步者或猎人
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
第一段：神秘生物出现的地点；
第二段：根据所给内容，描述神秘之处；
第三段：科学家的相关研究情况及结论。
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1. 大脚怪是世界著名的神秘生物之一。
2. 它是在北美洲被首次看到的。
3. 据说它高6－10英尺。
4. 它重量在500磅以上。
The Bigfoot is one of the world-famous mysterious creatures.
It was first seen in North America.
It was said to be 6－10 feet tall.
It weighed over 500 pounds.
5. 它全身覆盖棕色或红色的毛，头和眼睛很大。
6. 科学家和研究人员团队已经去那里进行了调查。
7. 他们已经找到了与它相关的东西，如毛发、粪便等。
8. 但是到目前为止，没有其他证据证明其存在。
It was covered in brown or red fur with large eyes and a big head.
Teams of scientists and researchers have gone there to make an
investigation.
They have found things related to it， such as fur， faeces and so on.
However， so far there has been no other evidence to prove its
existence.
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1. 用非限制性定语从句合并要点1和要点2。
2. 用现在分词合并要点3、要点4和要点5。
The Bigfoot，which was first seen in North America， is one of the
world-famous mysterious creatures.
It was said to be 6－10 feet tall，weighing over 500 pounds and was
covered in brown or red fur with large eyes and a big head.
3. 用定语从句合并要点6和要点7。
Teams of scientists and researchers who have gone there to make an
investigation have found things related to it， such as fur， faeces and
so on.
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
The Bigfoot， which was first seen in North America， is one of
the world-famous mysterious creatures.
Witnesses described it as an ape-like creature.It was said to be 6－
10 feet tall， weighing over 500 pounds and was covered in brown or red
fur with large eyes and a big head.Footprints up to 24 inches long have
been found.
Teams of scientists and researchers who have gone there to make an
investigation have found things related to it， such as fur， faeces and so
on.However， so far there has been no other evidence to prove its
existence.Some people think it may be just in folk tales or stories to terrify
hikers and hunters in North America.
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
3
动
作 描
写 intrigue v.（因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心
bury v.将……埋在下面
abandon v.离弃，逃离
retreat v.后退；离开；退避
shrink v.退缩，畏缩
shrink from 避免做，不愿做
set out 动身踏上（漫长的）旅途
run for one’s life 逃命
think twice 再三考虑，慎重考虑
apply ...to ...把……应用于……
throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
环境 描写 canal n.运河
coral n.珊瑚
ruin n.残垣断壁，废墟
人物 描写 subdue v.克制，抑制（情绪）
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成下
面语段。
对冒险故事很感兴趣的尼古拉斯（Nicholas）和父亲出发去滑雪
了。他们那天很开心。他们要离开时，尼古拉斯决定沿着不同的路径
下山。然而，一场猛烈的暴风雪席卷了这个地区，尼古拉斯迷路了，
孤身一人。他想起了他曾经读到的一则故事。故事中一个人被遗弃在
一个荒野地区，不得不自救。“我不会畏缩于危险，是时候把我学到
的技巧付诸实践了。”他低声说道。他决心逃命。虽然情绪低落，但
他不会后退。再三考虑之后，他全身心地投入到建造一个取暖的雪洞
上。第二天，他的父亲找到了他，他安然无恙。
Nicholas，intrigued by adventure stories，set out to go skiing
with his father.They had a wonderful day.When they were to leave，
Nicholas decided to go down in different trails.However， a fierce
snowstorm swept into the area and Nicholas got lost， all alone.He
remembered the story he ever read，in which a man was abandoned in a
wild area and had to save himself.“I would not shrink from danger.It’s
time to apply the tips I have learned to use，” he whispered.He
determined to run for his life.Although in a subdued mood，he would
not retreat.Thinking twice，he threw himself into building a snow cave
to keep himself warm.The next day，he was found by his father， safe
and sound.
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When the discovery of fossilized （化石的） footprints made in
what’s now New Mexico was made public in 2021， it was an
astonishing moment for archaeology， seemingly rewriting a chapter of the
human story. Now new research is offering further evidence of their
significance.
While they look like they could have been made yesterday， the
footprints were pressed into mud 21，000 to 23，000 years ago，
according to radiocarbon dating of the seeds of a water plant that were
preserved above and below the fossils. This date dramatically pushed back
the timeline of humans’ history in the Americas， the last land to be
settled by prehistoric people. The 61 dated prints， which were discovered
in the Tularosa Basin， near the edge of an ancient lake in White Sands
National Park， were made at a time when many scientists think that
massive ice sheets had stopped human passage into North America，
indicating that humans arrived in the region even earlier.
However， some archaeologists questioned the age of the footprints
established by those initial findings. They noted that water plants such as
Ruppia cirrhosa — the one used in the 2021 study — can acquire carbon
atoms from the water rather than the air， which can result in a
misleadingly early date.
In a follow-up study published Thursday in the journal Science，
researchers said they have produced two new lines of evidence to support
their initial dates. “Even as the original work was being published， we
were speeding up to test our results with multiple lines of evidence，”
said Kathleen Springer， co-lead author on the new Science paper， in a
news release. “We were confident in our original ages， as well as the
strong evidence.”
When and how early humans first moved to the Americas has long
been debated and remains poorly understood. Current estimates range from
13，000 years ago to more than 20，000 years ago. However， the
earliest archaeological evidence for the region’s settlement is insufficient
and often controversial， making the footprints especially important.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于脚印化石将人类抵
达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于脚印化石将人类抵
达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究。
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？（ ）
A. The purpose of the new research.
B. The method of the dating.
C. The significance of the footprints.
D. The efforts of the scientists.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段前两句可知，脚印的发现大大
推迟了人类在美洲的历史时间，所以本段主要讲的是脚印的意义。
2. Why did some archaeologists question the age of the footprints？
（ ）
A. It goes against the prior knowledge.
B. The prints seem to be made recently.
C. The previous research method is improper.
D. The then massive ice sheets are misleading.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，考古学家质疑这
些脚印的年代是因为早期研究的方法可能有误导性。
3. What will the author probably talk about next？（ ）
A. The doubt about the age of the footprints.
B. The new evidence of the fossilized footprints.
C. An agreement between the two sides of the debate.
D. Early humans hardship of moving to the Americas.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，脚印的研究对早期人
类何时以及如何首次迁移到美洲很重要。由此推断，作者接下来要
谈论脚印化石的新证据。
4. What is the purpose of the text？（ ）
A. To explain the process of archaeological study.
B. To report the discovery of fossilized footprints.
C. To introduce a debate on the age of the footprints.
D. To present the progress of the footprint research.
解析： 目的意图题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，文章介绍
了关于脚印化石将人类抵达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究。由此
推知，文章的目的是介绍足迹研究的进展。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Once there lived a farmer possessing a piece of land along the Atlantic
coast.He was always making 5 for hired hands， but no one seemed
to be interested.
People were 6 to work along the Atlantic， for violent storms
happened frequently.After months of advertising， a man 7 the
farm.“Do you have any 8 to work on a farm？” the farmer
asked.“Well， I may not have enough experience， but I can sleep when
the wind blows，” replied the man.Although puzzled by the man’s
answer， the farmer had no 9 but to hire him.The man worked quite
well and the farmer was pretty 10 .One night， the wind 11 the
farmer.He jumped out of his bed and 12 for his helper.“Wake
up！” the farmer yelled， throwing the man off the bed.“A 13 is
coming.Tie things down before they get 14 .”
The man said，“Sir， I told you， I can sleep when the wind blows.”
Angered by the 15 ， the farmer didn’t lose his temper on the
spot， though. 16 ， he hurried outside to prepare for the storm.To
his 17 ， he found the chickens in the cages， the cows in the barn
and the doors closed. 18 was tied down so that nothing could be blown
away.The farmer smiled at that moment and he 19 what his employee
had said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位农夫聘用了一名男子在大西洋
沿岸的农场做工，这名男子声称自己在刮风的夜晚也能安然睡觉，
农夫后来才理解这句话的意思。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位农夫聘用了一名男子在大西洋
沿岸的农场做工，这名男子声称自己在刮风的夜晚也能安然睡觉，
农夫后来才理解这句话的意思。
5. A. messages B. letters
C. advertisements D. requests
解析： 根据下文After months of advertising， a man 7 the
farm.可知，农夫是通过发布广告来找农场雇工的。
6. A. miserable B. surprised
C. hopeless D. unwilling
解析： 根据空后的for violent storms happened frequently可知，
大西洋沿岸经常有暴风雨。由此可推知，人们不愿意在这里工作。
be unwilling to do sth意为“不愿意做某事”。
7. A. purchased B. approached
C. measured D. valued
解析： 根据语境可知，农夫发布了几个月的广告后，一名男子
走近农场。
8. A. confidence B. courage
C. intention D. experience
解析： 根据下文的I may not have enough experience可知，此处
农夫应是问这名男子是否有在农场工作的经验。
9. A. choice B. idea
C. curiosity D. doubt
解析： 根据第一段第二句可知，农夫一直在发布广告来找农场
雇工，但似乎没有人对此感兴趣，也就是说他很难找到雇工，因此
此处应是指农夫虽然不理解他说的话，但是也别无选择，只能雇用
这名男子。
10. A. jealous B. satisfied
C. shocked D. hurt
解析： 根据空前的The man worked quite well可知，这名男子
的工作做得很好，因此农夫非常满意。
11. A. reached B. struck
C. woke D. touched
解析： 根据下文的He jumped out of his bed可知，农夫跳下了
床。由此可知，风把他吵醒了。
12. A. asked B. waited
C. headed D. cared
解析： 根据下文的“Wake up！” the farmer yelled， throwing
the man off the bed.可知，农夫去叫醒这名男子，因此此处指他跳
下床后就朝他的帮手走去。
13. A. storm B. ship C. shark D. wave
解析： 根据下文 16 ， he hurried outside to prepare for the
storm.可知，农夫匆忙走到外面要为应对暴风雨作准备，因此此
处是指暴风雨要来了。
14. A. set down B. picked up
C. taken away D. blown away
解析： 根据空前的Tie things down可知，农夫要这名男子把东
西都系好。结合常识可知，这样做的目的是防止东西被风吹走。
15. A. weather B. response
C. politeness D. excuse
解析： 根据上文可知，一天晚上，暴风雨要来了，农夫让这
名男子把东西都系好，他却回应道：“先生，我告诉过你，刮风
的时候我能睡着。”由此可推知，农夫应是被这名男子的回应激
怒了。
16. A. Besides B. Therefore
C. Instead D. Furthermore
解析： 农夫没有当场发脾气，他匆忙走到外面要为应对暴风
雨作准备，前后为转折关系。
17. A. regret B. amazement
C. credit D. delight
解析： 农夫匆忙走到外面本来是要为应对暴风雨作准备，却
发现一切都被安置得非常妥当，因此他看到的景象令他很吃惊。
18. A. Everything B. Something
C. Anything D. Nothing
解析： 根据空后的nothing could be blown away可知，没有东西
能被吹走，因此此处指所有的东西都被系好了。
19. A. thanked B. admired
C. remembered D. understood
解析： 根据9空前的Although puzzled by the man’s answer可
知，农夫起初并不理解这名男子说的话，再根据The farmer smiled
at that moment可推知，农夫笑了的原因应是他此时理解了这名男
子的话。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Santa Maria is the southernmost island in the Azores
archipelago.Known as the “Yellow Island”，Santa Maria is an island
20. （recognize） for its abundance （丰富） of
sunshine， hence the nickname.21. （be） the first island
in the Azores discovered and colonized by Portugal in the 15th century，
this small island of 5，000 people has a rich cultural history that
22. （date） back over 500 years.
The first settlement on the island and eventually in all of the Azores
23. （region） is located in Santana， a small coastal
village with a few hundred people.It was 24. the command
of Captain Goncalo Velho Cabral and his crew in 1432 25.
they discovered the island to return and populate it with pigs， goats，
sheep， chickens， and cattle to colonize this unoccupied piece of land in
the Atlantic.
Santa Maria has 26. unique biodiversity which is very
different from the other 8 islands in the Azores archipelago.It has a wide
range of marine fossils which is 27. （high） rare on
volcanic islands in general.This is the only island in the Azores
28. （have） such marine fossils and is one of the many
unique characteristics that this unspoiled （未经开发的） island has to
offer.
Another interesting fact about Santa Maria is the wide
29. （vary） of seabirds that nest there throughout their
migration period.This safe island is important for the habitat and passage
of birds during their migratory phase.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于亚速尔群岛最南端
的“阳光岛”，该岛因其阳光充足而著称，具有丰富的文化历史和
独特的生物多样性。
20. recognized 考查非谓语动词。空处作定语，且与island构成被动
关系，故填过去分词recognized。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于亚速尔群岛最南端
的“阳光岛”，该岛因其阳光充足而著称，具有丰富的文化历史和
独特的生物多样性。
21. Being 考查非谓语动词。空处作原因状语，应用动词-ing形式，
故填Being。
22. dates 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。date back to 是固定短语，讲
述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填dates。
23. regions 考查名词的单复数。根据空前的all of可知，后面的名词
应用复数，故填regions。
24. under 考查介词。under the command of 意为“在……的领导
下”，故填under。
25. when 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词1432，并
在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
26. a 考查冠词。根据句意可知，圣玛丽亚岛拥有一种独特的生物多
样性，泛指一种，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
27. highly 考查词形转换。修饰形容词rare， 应用副词作状语，故填
highly。
28. to have 考查非谓语动词。根据island前面的the only可知，应用动
词不定式作后置定语，故填to have。
29. variety 考查词形转换。根据wide可知，后面应用名词，故填
variety。
谢谢观看！
