Unit 4 Amazing Science 单元核心素养培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年九年级上册英语仁爱科普版

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2025 - 2026学年九年级上册英语单元核心素养培优卷仁爱科普版
Unit 4 Amazing Science
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Sometimes dreams are surprisingly useful. Here is a story about how a dream helped solve a difficult problem.
Do you know Elias Howe You 1 have never heard of him. But you must know the sewing (缝纫) machine. Yes, he was the 2 . And the sewing machine is also 3 used throughout the world now.
Before the sewing machine was invented, sewing by hand was hard work. Elias Howe 4 to design a machine to make the sewing easy and quick. 5 he made some progress, he met a problem. It seemed 6 to get the thread (线) to run around the needle (针) without any problems.
One day, he was tired, and slept badly. Then he had a dream. In the dream he was 7 by a king. The king ordered him to build a perfect sewing machine, 8 he would be killed. When he tried to do so, Howe met the same problem. The king was so 9 that he ordered his soldiers to kill Howe with a spear (长矛).
Just before the spears stuck to his body, 10 he noticed something. There was a hole in the tip (尖端) of the spear. Howe woke up from the dream. And he 11 that he found the way to solve the problem, he should make it run through a small hole in the tip of the needle instead of 12 the thread to run around the needle. A simple idea finally came into Howe’s mind. 13 , he invented the first sewing machine.
Like Howe, many scientists found the way to solve their problems 14 this way. Thomas Edison said his best 15 came into him in dreams. So did Albert Einstein.
1．A．can B．may C．must
2．A．inventor B．composer C．musician
3．A．exactly B．totally C．widely
4．A．decided B．chose C．made
5．A．Because B．Until C．Although
6．A．impossible B．impolite C．uncomfortable
7．A．praised B．honored C．caught
8．A．or B．and C．so
9．A．sad B．angry C．happy
10．A．suddenly B．however C．immediately
11．A．researched B．realized C．achieved
12．A．get B．got C．getting
13．A．As usual B．As a result C．For instance
14．A．on B．in C．for
15．A．method B．ideas C．thoughts
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
The third China International Import Expo was held from Nov. 5 to 10 in Shanghai. More than 2,600 companies gathered and showed their advanced products. Let’s have a look at some of them.
Portable (便携式的) kayak (皮划艇)
①A portable, 18-kilogram “backpack”, made by Decathlon, a French sports goods group, can be changed into a kayak when filled with air. The safe, lightweight ITIWIT X500 Kayak makes kayak racing, an extreme sport, known to common people. It includes five “air chambers (气囊)”, so even if two of them don’t work, the inflatable kayak will help passengers return to land safely.
Quick coronavirus test machine
Nucleic acid (核酸) testing could be faster in the future. ②KingFisher Apex, made by the Finnish tech company Thermo Fisher Scientific, can save researchers’ time spent on additional steps, making nucleic acid testing faster. It uses a special technology to move other objects away from samples to make sure that the test results are quite right. Also, with it, doctors and nurses needn’t do the dangerous work of collecting people’s nucleic acid samples, so the system greatly reduces their risk of touching harmful samples.
Myopic (近视) prevention glasses
Here comes a lifesaver for teenagers with poor eyesight—a myopic control lens. Whether it’s a classroom blackboard or a tablet, an outdoor activity or a mobile phone game, the lens from Essilor, a French company, keep the same control effect, with changeable viewing angles (角度) and clear sight.
After more than two years of hard research, the results show that the Stellest lens have a great influence on slowing down myopia progression in children by slowing down the increase of eye axes (轴).
16．How many “air chambers” does a portable kayak have
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
17．Where does the company that made the quick nucleic acid test machine come from
A．China. B．France. C．Finland. D．America.
18．Why can KingFisher Apex reduce the risk of doctors and nurses’ touching harmful samples
A．Because it can help save their time. B．Because it does the dangerous work.
C．Because it uses a special technology. D．Because it makes the test results right.
19．What can we know about the Stellest lens
A．They can slow down children’s myopic progression.
B．They can increase children’s eye axes.
C．They can greatly save teenagers’ lives.
D．They can control people’s myopic progression completely.
20．What may be the best title of the passage
A．Extreme Sports B．Advanced Products
C．Myopic Prevention Glasses D．The Nucleic Acid Testing Machine
B
Work against the cold
Chinese scientists research in Antarctica
风雪中的艰辛：他在南极研究气候
In the white, icy world of Antarctica (南极), Chinese scientists worked hard in the freezing cold to do research. On April 10, the country’s 40th Antarctic scientific expedition (考察) team returned home after finishing their tasks.
“Our main jobs in Antarctica were to watch the weather and to build weather stations,” said Zhu Kongju. The 33-year-old was a member of the expedition team and is an engineer at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS, 中国气象科学研究院).
Zhu and his teammates did tests on greenhouse gases and the ozone (臭氧层) in Antarctica. They wanted to see how climate change is affecting (影响) the area. They also set up two weather stations that can work in extremely (极度地) cold conditions and fixed the ones already there, increasing the area they could watch.
The hardest part of working in Antarctica was dealing with “surprises” from the weather, Zhu said.u They traveled and moved supplies (物资) every day using snowmobiles (雪地摩托) and sleds (雪橇). “One day, because of a big snow storm, we could barely see three meters ahead, and if we left the snowmobile, we’d get lost right away. We had to yell through the intercom (对讲机) and use GPS to tell each other where we were,” he said. “It took us four hours that day just to get the snowmobiles parked together.”
Although the work was very tough, the scientists managed to collect important data (数据) for their research. “The frozen (冰冻的) parts of Earth are really important for the world’s energy and water. Antarctica is a big player in the world’s climate,” Zhu said. Even though few people live there, its weather changes a lot with the world’s climate, which makes it a key place to study climate change.
Hao Feifei contributed to this story.
Choose the answer:
21．What was the main task of Zhu’s team in Antarctica
A．Doing experiments on ocean life.
B．Building weather stations and doing weather observations.
C．Collecting samples of greenhouse gases.
D．Testing new technologies in extreme cold conditions.
22．What was their biggest challenge in Antarctica
A．The lack of space to park snowmobiles.
B．The lack of transportation.
C．Having limited food and water.
D．The unpredictable weather conditions.
23．What does the underlined word “tough” mean
A．Risky. B．Busy. C．Hard. D．Simple.
24．Why is Antarctica considered an important area for research
A．Because there are no people living there.
B．Because Antarctica plays an important role in the world’s climate.
C．Because it’s the only place to collect important climate data.
D．Because it is home to unique species of plants and animals.
25．Which part is not included in the passage
A．The organization of the Antarctic scientific expedition.
B．The difficulties of the Antarctic scientific expedition.
C．The tasks of the Antarctic scientific expedition.
D．The importance of the Antarctic scientific expedition.
C
Wuxi City in eastern China’s Jiangsu Province is known as the “Home of the erhu” because it is the birthplace of many erhu masters. Looking around Wuxi, you can often hear the beautiful sound of the erhu. The erhu was called the huqin at first, a musical instrument of ethnic (种族的) groups in northern China, and it dates more than a thousand years back to the Tang Dynasty. In modern times, with the development of operas, the huqin was renamed the erhu and it slowly spread throughout China.
The erhu plays a leading role in many Chinese folk orchestras (管弦乐队) just as the violin does in Western orchestras. They are both made up of a body, a bridge, strings (弦) and a bow (弓).
The performer usually holds the erhu straightly on the leg, ▲ and pressing the strings with his fingers, while drawing the bow with his right hand. As the bow runs against the strings and touches and shakes them, beautiful music comes.
Not limited (限制) by just two strings, a good player can give the erhu amazing emotional expressions. It can present both soft, lovely songs and sad music. Sometimes it gives a human crying voice, and sometimes a great horse-running sound.
Today, as a folk instrument, the erhu has been used more widely by communicating with Western musical instruments. In many international concerts, the erhu can be seen playing with different Western instruments, such as the piano, violin and guitar. This performance form not only adds new possibilities to music creation, but also brings richer enjoyment to the listeners.
26．Why is Wuxi known as the “Home of the erhu”
A．Because it is the birthplace of many erhu masters.
B．Because we can hear the beautiful sound of the erhu there.
C．Because the erhu was invented there.
D．Because it has a long history of playing the erhu.
27．What does the underlined word “leading” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Very common. B．Very strange. C．Very interesting. D．Very important.
28．Which words can be put into the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3
A．Showing beautiful sounds B．Spreading around the world
C．Holding the neck with his left hand D．Playing with Western instruments
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The huqin is different from the erhu.
B．The erhu has a history of over 1,000 years.
C．We can’t see the erhu in any international concerts.
D．The erhu is made up of a body, a bridge and strings.
30．What’s the passage mainly about
A．The introduction to Wuxi. B．Chinese and Western orchestras.
C．The introduction to the erhu. D．International concerts.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的A~F六个句子中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，使短文内容完整、正确。选项中有一个多余选项。
The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (航空航天展览) was held in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province on November 12, 2024. 31 Many visitors from all over the world came to Zhuhai to see the airshow.
32 From then on, it has become a very important international event. It is held every two years in Zhuhai. At the air show, people can see amazing aircraft (飞行器) and learn about the latest technology in aviation.
One of the most exciting parts of the Zhuhai Airshow was the flight performances. 33 These performances were not only fun to watch, but also showed the great abilities of modern planes.
34 The companies (公司) from around the world came here to trade or look for their business partners.
Many students and families attended and enjoyed the air show. They thought it was a great chance to learn more about aviation and aerospace. 35 It could help the students in their future jobs. At the same time, it also encouraged young people to explore (探索) in the aviation and aerospace fields.
A．It is China’s largest airshow.
B．The pilots performed excellent flying skills.
C．The first Zhuhai Airshow took place in 1996.
D．They could also talk to some engineers and pilots.
E．The Zhuhai Airshow was also an important business event.
F．Many people watched the wonderful air show on TV at home.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．The old bridge in my hometown is going to (rebuild) next month.
37．High-speed train is a great (invent) to help people travel easily between big cities.
38．It (cover) live on Beijing TV and Beijing Radio & Television Network.
39．Lily drew several circles (mark) some important points in the notebook.
40．The more careful you are, the more (success) the work will be done.
41．Micheal became an (电子的) engineer when he was twenty five years old.
42．The man did a great job in traditional art clay. He was (采访) on TV and that helped more people learn about him.
43．When and where will the result be (报道) live
44．He thinks (掌握) a second foreign language is very useful.
45．Some people believe that traditional banks will be (取代) by online ones soon.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．上周，李华被邀请参加学校的旅游知识竞赛。
Last week, Li Hua to join in a travel quiz show at school.
47．爱丽丝及时阻止了狐狸。野兔得救了，开心地蹦跳离开了。
The fox by Alice in time. The rabbit was safe and hopped away happily.
48．京杭大运河是在不同地区、不同朝代分段修建而成的。
The Grand Canal section by section in different areas and dynasties.
49．卡拉更喜欢那种带给她思考的电影。
Carla prefers movies her something to think about.
50．那位老太太很有表演天赋，在昨天的义演上受到了人们的注意。
The old lady that she at yesterday’s charity show.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
one meter between appear choose will people well new show
China announced the names of its manned (载人的) moon lander and new crew spaceship on February 24, 2024. According to the China Manned Space Agency, the moon lander is named Lanyue. It first 51 in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” points out the Chinese 52 confidence in their exploration of the universe and journey to the moon.
The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou. The name 53 its responsibility of achieving the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start a 54 journey of space adventure. The names were 55 by a group of experts from nearly 2,000 names provided by the public.
There will be two models of the Mengzhou spaceship. 56 will be used to transport astronauts to the moon and the other will replace the present spaceship Shenzhou to carry astronauts 57 Earth and the Tiangong space station. The Mengzhou spaceship will be nearly 9 58 long and weigh 22 tons. The Lanyue moon lander will have two basic parts—a landing part and a propulsion (推进) part, and will weigh nearly 26 tons. It 59 carry two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover (月球车). Now, the research and development of the Lanyue and the Mengzhou are progressing 60 with the help of experts.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。
Paper was first created about 2.000 years ago in China. After its 61 (发明), people started to write on paper to make books. In 62 (那些) days, books were only 63 (生产) one at a time by hand. As a result, there were not many books and they were expensive. So, 64 (很少的) people had the chance to learn to read. Printing was invented in China during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Later developments in printing made it possible to produce books more quickly and 65 (便宜地). A trade in books resulted, and more people learnt to read. 66 (知识) and ideas 67 (传播) faster than ever before. In a way, we can compare the invention of paper and printing to the introduction of the Internet in the 68 (第二十) century.
Although the Internet is still 69 (年轻的), it is growing very fast, and may become much more powerful than puters and the Internet are 70 (使用) in classrooms now, and newspapers and magazines are already read online. So what direction will traditional printing take in the future Will books be replaced by the Internet Let’s wait and see.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Are electric cars (电车) good for the Earth Many of us would probably say yes. But Robert Sansone knows the answer isn’t that simple. Sansone is called a natural-born engineer. It is not surprising if you know the 17-year-old has completed nearly 60 engineering projects.
A couple of years ago, Sansone watched a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. The video explained how the motors (发动机) of these cars are made. Most of them use rare-earth metals (稀土金属). These materials are very expensive. Even worse, they are often collected in ways that are harmful to the Earth. “Must we use these metals Is there a more environmentally-friendly way ” Sansone thought. He had heard of the synchronous reluctance motor (同步电动机) before. But its performance should be improved.
Over the following year, Sansone put one design after another to the test. Things didn’t go well at first. He failed fourteen times before coming up with a working model. The model is about 40% more powerful than a traditional one. And it doesn’t use rare-earth metals. These efforts have helped Sansone win a big award. He took part in this year’s Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (大奖赛) with his motor. It’s the world’s largest pre-college science competition. He stood out from more than 1,800 competitors to win first prize.
Sansone, however, isn’t yet done with his invention because it is far from perfect. It is difficult to make. This means it’s hard to become widely used. So Sansone has continued to improve and test his motor. Hopefully Sansone’s design will completely change the electric car industry one day.
71．How many engineering projects has Sansone completed at the age of 17
72．Are rare-earth metals expensive
73．What is the world’s largest pre-college science competition
74．What prize did Sansone win in the science competition
75．Why isn’t Sansone done with his invention yet
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．发明无处不在，各种各样的发明(如computers, robots, Internet……)不断地改变着我们的生活。什么发明改变了你的生活？请以“The ________ Has Changed My Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈这个发明物是怎样改变你生活的。
要求：
1.用适当的发明物补全题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80个；
2.语言流畅，书写规范，卷面整洁；
3.文中不得使用真实姓名，校名。
The ________ Has Changed My Life
Inventions are around us. Among the inventions,
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伊莱亚斯·豪如何通过一个梦解决了缝纫机设计中的难题，从而发明了第一台缝纫机的故事。
1．句意：你可能从未听说过他。
can能够；may可能；must必须。由“You...have never heard of him”可知，你也许听过，也许没听过，此空表示可能性。故选B。
2．句意：是的，他就是发明者。
inventor发明者；composer作曲家；musician音乐家。由“But you must know the sewing (缝纫) machine.”可知，他是缝纫机的发明者。故选A。
3．句意：而且现在缝纫机在全世界被广泛使用。
exactly确切地；totally完全地；widely广泛地。由“used throughout the world”可知，缝纫机被广泛使用。故选C。
4．句意：伊莱亚斯·豪决定设计一种机器，使缝纫变得轻松快捷。
decided决定；chose选择；made制作。由“sewing by hand was hard work”可知，手工缝纫很辛苦，由“to design a machine to make the sewing easy and quick.”可知，使缝纫变得轻松快捷是他的决定。故选A。
5．句意：尽管他取得了一些进展，但他遇到了一个问题。
Because因为；Until直到；Although尽管。由“he made some progress”可知，他取得了进步，由“he met a problem”可知，他到了问题，二者是转折关系。故选C。
6．句意：似乎不可能让线毫无问题地绕着针运行。
impossible不可能的；impolite不礼貌的；uncomfortable不舒服的。由“he met a problem”可知，他遇到了问题，由“get the thread (线) to run around the needle”可知，他遇到的问题是不可能让线毫无问题地绕着针运行。故选A。
7．句意：在梦中，他被一个国王抓住了。
praised赞扬；honored尊敬；caught抓住。由下文“he would be killed”可知，他可能被杀死说明被抓住了。故选C。
8．句意：国王命令他制造一台完美的缝纫机，否则他就会被杀死。
or否则；and并且；so所以。由“The king ordered him to build a perfect sewing machine...he would be killed.”可知，国王命令他制造一台完美的缝纫机，造不出来就杀死他，此处用“or”引出一种否定的结果或后果。故选A。
9．句意：国王非常生气，以至于他命令他的士兵用长矛杀死豪。
sad悲伤的；angry生气的；happy高兴的。由“When he tried to do so, Howe met the same problem.”可知，他遇到了问题，没有制造出完美的缝纫机，国王很生气。故选B。
10．句意：就在长矛刺向他的身体之前，他突然注意到了一些东西。
suddenly突然地；however然而；immediately立即。由“Just before the spears stuck to his body”可知，在长矛刺向他之前，他突然注意到了什么，这是猛然发生的。故选A。
11．句意：他意识到他找到了解决问题的方法，他应该让线穿过针尖端的一个小孔，而不是让线绕着针运行。
researched研究；realized意识到；achieved实现。由“he found the way to solve the problem”可知，找到了解决问题的方法是他意识到的。故选B。
12．句意：他意识到他找到了解决问题的方法，他应该让线穿过针尖端的一个小孔，而不是让线绕着针运行。
get得到，动词原形；got得到，过去式；getting得到，动名词。由“of”可知，“of”是介词，其后接动名词。故选C。
13．句意：结果，他发明了第一台缝纫机。
As usual像往常一样；As a result结果；For instance例如。由“he invented the first sewing machine”可知，他发明了第一台缝纫机是经历重重困难之后的结果。故选B。
14．句意：像豪一样，许多科学家也以这种方式找到了解决问题的方法。
on在……上；in在……里；for为了。由“solve their problems...this way”可知，用这种方法解决问题，in this way表示“用这种方法”。故选B。
15．句意：托马斯·爱迪生说他最好的主意是在梦中出现的。
method方法；ideas主意，表示新的、创造性的概念；thoughts想法，表示思考、思维的过程或结果。由“Thomas Edison...came into him in dreams”可知，爱迪生是科学家，他的很多创造性的思想来自梦中。故选B。
16．D 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了上海进口博览会上的三种黑科技产品。
16．细节理解题。根据“It includes five ‘air chambers (气囊)’, so even if two of them don’t work, the inflatable kayak will help passengers return to land safely.”可知，它包含五个“气囊”。故选D。
17．细节理解题。由“…made by the Finnish tech company Thermo Fisher Scientific,”可知，这个机器是由一家芬兰科技公司制作的，故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据“Also, with it, doctors and nurses needn’t do the dangerous work of collecting people’s nucleic acid samples, so the system greatly reduces their risk of touching harmful samples.”可知，这个机器替医生和护士做了危险的工作（采集核酸样本），因此它极大地降低了他们接触有害样本的危险，故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据“After more than two years of hard research, the results show that the Stellest lens have a great influence on slowing down myopia progression in children by slowing down the increase of eye axes (轴).”可推知，通过减缓眼轴的增加速度，该产品在减缓孩子们的近视进程方面有很大效果，即该产品可以减缓孩子们的近视，故选A。
20．最佳标题题。结合全文，尤其是第一段中的“More than 2,600 companies gathered and showed their advanced products. Let’s have a look at some of them.”可知，本文是讲述几种进口博览会上的先进产品，因此B项作为标题最佳。故选B。
21．B 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，报道了中国第40次南极科考队的任务与挑战。科学家们在极寒环境中建立气象站、监测温室气体和臭氧层，以研究气候变化对南极的影响。尽管暴风雪等极端天气增加了工作难度，团队仍成功收集关键数据，凸显南极作为全球气候研究核心区域的重要性，并赞扬了科研人员在艰苦条件下的奉献精神。
21．细节理解题。根据“Our main jobs in Antarctica were to watch the weather and to build weather stations”可知，团队的主要任务是气象观测和建立气象站，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“The hardest part...was dealing with ‘surprises’ from the weather”和以暴风雪导致能见度极低为例，说明不可预测的天气是最大挑战，故选D。
23．词句猜测题。根据“could barely see three meters ahead”可知，科学家们在极寒和恶劣天气中坚持工作，且最终完成研究，说明工作很艰难，故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“Antarctica is a big player in the world’s climate...a key place to study climate change”可知，南极洲在世界气候中扮演着重要的角色，故选B。
25．细节理解题。结合全文可知，文章提及了团队任务、遇到的困难和研究的重要性，但未涉及科考队的组织架构，故选A。
26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国江苏省无锡市作为二胡的发源地，以及二胡的历史、结构和在现代音乐中的应用。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Wuxi City in eastern China’s Jiangsu Province is known as the ‘Home of the erhu’ because it is the birthplace of many erhu masters.”可知，无锡被称为“二胡之乡”是因为它是许多二胡大师的出生地。故选A。
27．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“The erhu plays a leading role in many Chinese folk orchestras (管弦乐队) just as the violin does in Western orchestras”可知，二胡在中国民间管弦乐队中扮演着重要的角色，就像小提琴在西方管弦乐队中一样。因此，“leading”意为“非常重要的”。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“The performer usually holds the erhu straightly on the leg, ... and pressing the strings with his fingers, while drawing the bow with his right hand.”可知，演奏者通常将二胡直立放在腿上，左手按住琴弦，右手拉弓，此处介绍拉二胡的动作，C项“用左手按住琴颈”符合语境。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The erhu was called the huqin at first, a musical instrument of ethnic groups in northern China, and it dates more than a thousand years back to the Tang Dynasty.”可知，二胡最初被称为胡琴，距今已有1000多年的历史，可追溯到唐朝。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了二胡的历史、结构及其在现代音乐中的应用，因此文章的主旨是对二胡的介绍。故选C。
31．A 32．C 33．B 34．E 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了第15届中国国际航空航天展览会在珠海的举办情况。涵盖了展览会的历史、重要性、飞行表演、商业活动以及学生和家庭的参与等方面。
31．根据“Many visitors from all over the world came to Zhuhai to see the airshow. ”可知，此处在介绍展览会的规模。选项A“这是中国最大的航展。”符合语境。故选A。
32．根据“From then on, it has become a very important international event.”可知，此处在介绍航展的起始年份，选项C“第一届珠海航展于1996年举行。”符合语境。故选C。
33．根据“One of the most exciting parts of the Zhuhai Airshow was the flight performances.”可知，此处在介绍珠海航展飞行员们的表现，选项B“飞行员们展示了出色的飞行技能。”符合语境，故选B。
34．根据“The companies from around the world came here to trade or look for their business partners.”可知，此处在介绍珠海航展的商业活动，选项E“珠海航展也是一次重要的商业活动。”符合语境。故选E。
35．根据“It could help the students in their future jobs.”可知，此处在介绍航展的帮助。选项D“他们还可以与一些工程师和飞行员交谈。”符合语境，故选D。
36．be rebuilt
【解析】句意：下个月我家乡的那座旧桥将被重建。根据“The old bridge in my hometown is going to…next month.”及提示词可知，此处表达那座旧桥将被重建，be going to do sth.“打算做某事”，固定搭配，空处应用被动语态be going to be done”，rebuild“重建”，动词。故填be rebuilt。
37．invention
【解析】句意：高铁是一项方便人们在大城市之间旅行的伟大发明。invent“发明”，动词；分析句子成分可知，设空处需填写提示词的名词形式作表语，invention“发明”，a后接可数名词单数。故填invention。
38．was covered
【解析】句意：它在北京电视台和北京广播电视网络上被现场直播了。根据“It”是第三人称单数且作为被直播的对象，可知此处应用被动语态，且描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，即“was covered”。故填was covered。
39．to mark
【解析】句意：Lily画了几个圆圈来标记笔记本中的一些重要点。根据句子结构可知，此处是一个动词不定式，在句子做目的状语，句中“Lily画了几个圆圈”的目的是“标记重点”，因此使用动词不定式“to mark”来表示目的，故填to mark。
40．successfully
【解析】句意：你越仔细，工作就越成功。根据题干可知是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构表示“越……，越……”。根据句意可知用副词successfully“成功地”来修饰动词done(do的过去分词)。故填successfully。
41．electronic
【解析】句意：迈克尔25岁时成为了一名电子工程师。electronic“电子的”，形容词作定语。故填electronic。
42．interviewed
【解析】句意：这个人在传统艺术粘土方面做得很好。他被电视台采访，这帮助更多的人了解了他。采访：interview，动词；根据“...that helped more people learn about him”可知，此处指的是被电视台采访，此处为被动语态，应用动词的过去分词形式。故填interviewed。
43．covered/reported
【解析】句意：结果将在何时何地现场报告？根据句子的主语“the result”与“报道”之间属于动宾关系，所以需要使用被动语态，根据句中的“will”可知，空格所在句是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为：will be+过去分词。“报道”对应的英文cover和report，动词，其过去分词为covered和reported。故填covered/reported。
44．mastering
【解析】句意：他认为掌握第二外语是非常有用的。master“掌握”，设空处应填动名词形式在从句中作主语。故填mastering。
45．replaced
【解析】句意：有些人认为传统银行很快会被线上银行取代。replace“取代”，与主语之间构成被动关系，所以用被动语态“be done”，故填replaced。
46．was invited
【解析】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“被邀请”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，主语“Li Hua”和动词“invite”是被动关系；又根据“Last week”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以这里是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；主语为“Li Hua”，be动词用was，动词invite的过去分词为invited。故填was；invited。
47．was stopped
【解析】“阻止”stop。主语The fox与stop之间是被动关系，所以拥被动语态，结合“The rabbit was safe and hopped away happily.”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done）。主语是The fox，所以用was，后跟stopped。故填was；stopped。
48．was built
【解析】根据题干，缺少的信息为“修建”，此处主语“京杭大运河”和“修建”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；因为此事发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时态，主语是单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词是built。故填was；built。
49．that/which give
【解析】句子是定语从句，先行词movies指物，用that或which引导定语从句，“带给”give，根据“prefers”可知用一般现在时，movies是复数，从句中谓语用动词原形。故填that/which；give。
50．had such a gift for acting was taken notice of by people
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“很有表演天赋”、“受到了人们的注意”的英文翻译。根据“yesterday”可知句子是一般过去时态，主语是the old lady，是第三人称单数；have such a gift for“对……很有天赋”，动词用过去式had；acting“表演”；take notice of“注意”，动词与主语是被动关系，谓语动词用was taken notice of；by people“被人们”。故填had such a gift for acting；was taken notice of by people。
51．appeared 52．people’s 53．shows 54．new 55．chosen 56．One 57．between 58．meters 59．will 60．well
【导语】本文主要介绍了“揽月”月球着陆器和“梦舟”载人飞船。
51．句意：它首次出现在1965年已故的毛泽东主席写的一首诗中。空内缺少谓语动词，根据后面的“in a poem”可知，appear“出现”，根据“in 1965”可知，时态是一般过去时，此处应用过去式appeared。故填appeared。
52．句意：“揽月”一词表明了中国人民对宇宙探索和登月的信心。根据“confidence”可知，这里是中国人民的信心，此处应用所有格形式，people’s“人民的”。故填people’s。
53．句意：这个名字表明了它实现中华民族登月梦想，开启太空探险新征程的责任。空内缺少谓语动词，根据“its responsibility of achieving the Chinese nation’s dream...”可知，show“表明”符合语境。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式shows。故填shows。
54．句意：这个名字表明了它实现中华民族登月梦想，开启太空探险新征程的责任。根据前面有“a”后面有“journey”可知，空内应填入形容词作定语，这里是探险新的征程，new“新的”。故填new。
55．句意：这些名字是由专家组从公众提供的近2000个名字中挑选出来的。根据空内位置，可知是被动语态，be动词+动词过去分词形式，这里是名字被挑选出来的，choose的过去分词chosen。故填chosen。
56．句意：一个将用于运送宇航员到月球，另一个将取代现在的飞船神舟运送宇航员往返地球和天宫空间站。根据“There will be two models of the Mengzhou spaceship.”以及“... and the other will replace...”可知，one...the other“一个……，另一个……”，句首首字母大写。故填One。
57．句意：一个将用于运送宇航员到月球，另一个将取代现在的飞船神舟运送宇航员往返地球和天宫空间站。结合语境这里between...and...表示“在……之间”。故填between。
58．句意：“梦舟”飞船将长约9米，重22吨。根据“...long and weigh 22 tons”可知，需要填入计量单位，meter“米”，由于前面是“9”，需要用名词复数形式meters。故填meters。
59．句意：它将搭载两名宇航员和一辆重达200公斤的月球车。“carry”是动词原形，这里will“将”符合语境。故填will。
60．句意：在专家的帮助下，“揽月”和“梦舟”的研发和开发正进展顺利。这里需要填入副词来修饰“are progressing”，well“好地”。故填well。
61．invention 62．those 63．produced 64．few 65．cheaply 66．Knowledge 67．spread 68．twentieth 69．young 70．used
【导语】本文主要介绍了印刷术的发明以及对人类的影响，并与20世纪的互联网进行对比。
61．句意：在它的发明之后，人们开始在纸上写字来制作书籍。空前有形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词；结合汉语，invention意为“发明”，名词，作After的宾语，符合语境。故填invention。
62．句意：在那些日子里，书籍只能手工一本一本地生产。根据汉语提示，those意为“那些”，指示代词，修饰后面的复数名词“days”。故填those。
63．句意：在那些日子里，书籍只能手工一本一本地生产。根据汉语提示，produce意为“生产”；主语“books”和动词“produce”之间为被动关系，空前已有were，该处应填过去分词produced。故填produced。
64．句意：因此，很少有人有机会学习阅读。根据汉语提示，few意为“很少的”，作定语，修饰空后的名词复数people，符合语境。故填few。
65．句意：后来印刷术的发展使得书籍能够更快、更便宜地生产。根据汉语提示，cheaply意为“cheaply”，副词，修饰空前的动词“produce”。故填cheaply。
66．句意：知识和思想传播得比以往任何时候都快。根据汉语提示，knowledge意为“知识”，不可数名词，作主语，句首首字母大些大写。故填Knowledge。
67．句意：知识和思想传播得比以往任何时候都快。根据前文“A trade in books resulted, and more people learnt to read.”可知，该句为一般过去时；结合汉语提示，spread意为“传播”，动词，在句中作谓语，过去式为spread。故填spread。
68．句意：我们可以将纸张和印刷术的发明与二十世纪互联网的引入进行比较。根据汉语提示，twentieth意为“第二十”，序数词，作定语，修饰后面的名词“century”。故填twentieth。
69．句意：尽管互联网还很年轻，但它发展得非常迅速。根据汉语提示，young意为“年轻的”，形容词，作表语，符合语境。故填young。
70．句意：现在计算机和互联网被用于教室中。根据汉语提示，use意为“使用”；主语“Computers and the Internet”和动词“use”之间为被动关系，此处为被动语态；空前已有are，此处填过去分词used。故填used。
71．He has completed nearly 60 engineering projects./Nearly 60. 72．Yes, they are. 73．It’s Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair./Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair. 74．He won first prize in the competition./First prize. 75．Because it is far from perfect yet. 76．例文
The Computer Has Changed My Life
Inventions are around us. Among the inventions, the computer has a great influence on me and it has changed my life. Before I had a computer, I used to communicate with my friends by letter. When I met new words, I had to look them up in the dictionary. When I felt stressed, I just listened to music on MP3. After I received a computer on my twelfth birthday, my life changed. I can communicate with my friends freely by receiving and sending e-mails.
I can use the computer to search for some useful information and look up new words. When I feel stressed, I can listen to music online to relax myself. In a word, the computer has changed my life a lot.
【导语】本文讲述了Robert Sansone关于电机的研究情况。
71．根据“It is not surprising if you know the 17-year-old has completed nearly 60 engineering projects.”可知，Sansone在17岁时完成了近60个工程项目。故填He has completed nearly 60 engineering projects./Nearly 60.
72．根据“Most of them use rare-earth metals (稀土金属). These materials are very expensive.”可知，稀土金属很昂贵。故填Yes, they are.
73．根据“It’s the world’s largest pre-college science competition.”可知，“Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair”是世界上最大的大学预科科学竞赛。故填It’s Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair./Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair.
74．根据“He stood out from more than 1,800 competitors to win first prize.”可知，Sansone在竞赛中获得了一等奖。故填He won first prize in the competition./First prize.
75．根据“Sansone, however, isn’t yet done with his invention because it is far from perfect.”可知，Sansone尚未完成他的发明是因为它还远远不够完美。故填Because it is far from perfect yet.
76．[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：本文应使用“一般过去时”，“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”为主；
③提示：应注意题干给出的要点并适当补充，使文章内容充实。
[写作步骤]
第一步，借用文章已给开头，介绍改变自己生活的发明是电脑；
第二步，根据题干要点，详细描述这个发明是如何改变自己生活的；
第三步，点评这个发明，并收尾。
[亮点词汇]
①used to do过去常常做某事
②look up查阅
[高分句型]
①When I met new words, I had to look them up in the dictionary. （时间状语从句）
②When I feel stressed, I can listen to music online to relax myself. （不定式表目的）
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