(共93张PPT)
Section Ⅴ
Discovering Useful Structures Listening and Talking Reading for Writing语言技能一课过
目 录
课前词汇默写
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
听力发掘训练
课前词汇默写
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．at the exit 在_______处
2．the Chinese dragon 中国_____
3．digital images __________
4．the Mogao Caves 莫高_____
5．the Great Pyramid 大________
出口
龙
数码图像
窟
金字塔
6．the United Republic of Tanzania 坦桑尼亚联合_______
7．download that free app ______那个免费的应用程序
8．the grand lantern festival parade 盛大的元宵节_______
9．look at yourself in the mirror 照______
10．the carving on the roof _______上的雕刻
共和国
下载
游行
镜子
屋顶
二、重点单词——写其形
1．in my ________ 依我看
2．________ the two cities 对比这两座城市
3．last ________ 持续到永久
4．a ______of paper 一张纸
5．be of high ________ 高品质
opinion
contrast
forever
sheet
quality
7．the cultural relics from __________ 来自海外的文物
8．___________ China's ancient history 贯穿中国古代史
9．_______ educate people 进一步教育人们
process
process
overseas
throughout
further
三、活用单词——悉其变
Professor
profession
professional
archaeologist
archaeology
archaeological
entrance
enter
forgive
forgiveness
tradition
traditional
historic
historical
history
quote
quotation
comparison
compare
compared
identify
identification
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．comparison：“com-”前缀表示“共同”或“加强”
①compassion n． 同情 ②component n． 成分
③combine v. 结合 ④compete v. 比赛
⑤comfort v. 安慰
2．identify：“-ify”后缀表示“使……化”
①classify v． 把……分类
②diversify v. 使多样化
③intensify v. 加强
④justify v. 对……作出解释
五、高级词块——通其用
1．________________ 在世界各地
2．__________________ 辨别是非
3．__________________ 参与该项目
4．________________ 拍……的照片
5．_____________________ 各种历史遗迹
6．_________ 加速
7．_____________ 变成废墟
all over the world
tell right from wrong
work on the project
take photos of ...
all kinds of historic relics
speed up
fall into ruins
新知深化学习
1．He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.他向我们解释了建造一座如此困难的建筑物的过程。
★process n．过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工
|用|法|感|知|
The project is not finished but is still in process.
该项工程尚未结束，仍在进行之中。
(“丰富细节”写作佳句)In the process of exploring the ocean, he met a variety of fishes and plants living in it.在探索海洋的过程中，他遇到了生活在其中的各种各样的鱼类和植物。
Chemicals present in chocolate vary widely based on how it is processed.巧克力中所含的化学物质因加工方式的不同而有很大差异。
归纳点拨
(1)in process 在进行中
a process of ……的过程
in the process of 在……过程中
(2)processed adj. 加工的；处理的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Your application for a mortgage is _____process.
②Sugars are popular in the ___________(process) food industry.
③Do remember, every bit of effort counts in _______process of saving food for a better life.
in
processed
the
④Parents should give praise to the efforts their kids __________
_______.
父母应该表扬孩子在这个过程中所付出的努力。
put into the
process
2．Forgive me for asking, but ...
原谅我问一下，但是……
★forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅
|用|法|感|知|
(“对话描写”写作佳句)Fortunately, he forgave me for what I had done to him and said，“Oh, it doesn't matter.”
幸运的是，他原谅了我对他所做的，并说：“哦，没关系。”
(总结升华句)What happened today made me realize that forgiveness is a kind of virtue.
今天发生的事情让我意识到宽恕是一种美德。
归纳点拨
(1)forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事
forgive sb.sth. 原谅某人某事
(2)forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅
ask/beg for (sb.'s) forgiveness 请求(某人的)原谅
(3)forgiving adj. 宽宏大量的；宽容的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Learn to have a loving and __________(forgive) spirit.
②I waited anxiously, begging ______________(forgive) in my mind.
③With tears, I hugged her tightly, saying “thank you” for her ___________ (forgive)．
forgiving
to be forgiven
forgiveness
④Much to my delight, ______________and later we became best friends.
令我非常高兴的是，她原谅了我，后来我们成了最好的朋友。
she forgave me
3．By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions.
这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。
★tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗
|用|法|感|知|
In China, it is a tradition to respect and love the old.
尊重、关爱老人是中国的传统。
(“传统文化”写作佳句)By tradition, children can get money in red paper on the Spring Festival.
根据习俗，孩子们在春节可以得到红包。
归纳点拨
(1)It is a tradition to do sth. 做某事是一项传统
by tradition 按照传统
(2)traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2021·全国甲卷书面表达)To introduce ___________(tradition) Chinese culture, our school will hold a theme class meeting, which will be exhibited on the English website.
②They still __________________of their ancestors.
他们仍然遵循着他们祖先的传统。
traditional
follow the tradition
③______________, people will appreciate the moon and eat mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
按照传统风俗，人们会在中秋节赏月、吃月饼。
By tradition
4．Words to show comparison and/or contrast
表示比较和/或对比的单词
★contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．对比；对照
|用|法|感|知|
Johnson's easy charm contrasted sharply with the prickliness of his boss.约翰逊的亲和力与他老板易怒的性格形成了鲜明的对比。
(“外貌描写”写作佳句)He is an old farmer, whose grey hair makes a sharp contrast with his dark skin.
他是一位年老的农民，他灰白的头发与黝黑的皮肤形成鲜明的对比。
归纳点拨
(1)contrast sth. with/and sth. 把……与……对照/对比
contrast with 与……(截然)不同或形成(鲜明的)对照
(2)be a contrast to 和……成对比
make a contrast with ... 与……形成对比
in contrast with/to 和……形成对比(对照)
by contrast 相比之下
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The snow was icy and white, ___________(contrast) with the brilliant blue sky.
②_______ contrast to traditional media, Internet advertising has a lot of advantages.
contrasting
In
③The private sector, ______contrast, has plenty of money to spend.
④Today's work ___________________what you did yesterday.
今天的工作与你昨天做的工作完全不同。
⑤__________fresh vegetables ________frozen vegetables and you'll find the fresh ones taste better.把新鲜蔬菜和冰冻蔬菜对比，你就会发现新鲜的蔬菜吃起来味道更好。
by
is quite a contrast to
Contrast
with/and
5．Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.今天，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。
巩固已学语法——as ...as结构
本句运用了“as＋adj./adv.＋as ...”结构，意为“像/和……一样”，为原级比较，通常中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。第一个as为副词，第二个as 为连词。as ...as ...的其他表达形式还有：
(1)as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as ...
(2)as many＋可数名词复数＋as ...
(3)as much＋不可数名词＋as ...
[强化小练] (完成句子)
①As a matter of fact, mental health is ______________physical health.
事实上，精神健康和身体健康一样重要。
②The young man hopes to live ________________his grandpa.
这个年轻人希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。
as important as
as simple a life as
③It was imperative that he (should) act_____________________.至关重要的是他要尽可能地自然行事。
④Going to his daughter's room after his arrival, he was ___________ ever to see her.他一到家就到他女儿的房间去，见到她一如既往地高兴。
as naturally as possible
as happy as
6．Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei's photos can help us remember them.人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住他们。
(1)neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分，连接主语时，谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)常见的并列结构还有：
either ...or ... 或者……或者……
not ...but ... 不是……而是……
not only ...but (also) ... 不仅……而且……
Neither he nor his parents are going to have a picnic tomorrow.
明天他和他的父母都不会去野餐。
He likes his tea neither too hot nor too cold.
他喜欢茶既不太烫也不太凉。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)
①Seeing this, Lucy seemed neither disappointed ______annoyed.
②Not the students but our maths teacher _____(be) looking forward to seeing the film at the moment.
③Although Mary loved flowers, _______she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
nor
is
neither
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④你和他都不知道如何回答这个问题。
_______________________ how to answer the question.
⑤不仅汤姆而且他的同学将要来参观博物馆。
___________________________________________to visit the museum.
Neither you nor he knows
Not only Tom but also his classmates are coming
听力发掘训练
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．________ 记起；想起
2．_____________________ 这个国家的一个象征
3．_____________________ 许多重要的游行
4．like a flame _______
5．used to be ____________
6．have a lot of fun ___________
think of
a symbol of the country
many important parades
像火焰
过去(曾经)是
玩得很开心
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is the Kremlin not used for
A．A relaxing square.
B．A government area.
C．The president's living area.
√
2．Which is the symbol of Russia
A．The Palace Museum.
B．Saint Basil's Cathedral.
C．The Eiffel Tower.
√
3．What cannot be done on Red Square today
A．Having parades.
B．Playing games.
C．Selling something.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．It's ________________________, too.
2．The Kremlin was actually built around the same time, _______
________________________.
3．________________ many important parades and events held here.
4．I see that you're _______________________an ice hockey game.
5．Red Square is also________________________.
where the president lives
between
the 14th and 17th centuries
There have been
looking at the photos of
a place for music concerts
四、听说交际训练
一名游客在参观紫禁城(the Forbidden City)的过程中有问题想要询问导游。请根据本课所学词块和句式完成对话。
The tourist：Forgive me for asking, but ①___________________
______________________________ (紫禁城在历史上是用来干什么的)
what was the
Forbidden City used for in history
Tour Guide：Well, it is said that ②__________________________
_____________________________________ (紫禁城是皇帝及其皇室的家) as well as the ceremonial and political centre of Chinese government for almost 500 years.
The tourist：Wow, that is a massive “house”. I see that ③_______
__________________________ (你在看那个珍贵的花瓶). Do you know anything about it
the Forbidden City served as
the home of emperors and their households
you're
looking at that valuable vase
Tour Guide：It's called “blue porcelain”. ④__________________
_________________________________ (据报道大约117万件艺术品被存放) in the Forbidden City, so it is also called “the Palace Museum”．
The tourist：⑤_____________________ (真是令人惊奇)！
Some 1.17 million
pieces of art are reported to be stored
That's really amazing
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Others benefit in the _________(过程), and I get some rewards, too.
2．You'll never see colorful life if you stay at home _________(永远)．
process
forever
3．She's got lots of good __________(品质), so her classmates all like her.
4．I ___________ (下载)an English learning app and began listening to English news every day.
5．He ____________(比较)the two different economic systems in his speech.
qualities
downloaded
contrasted
6．Life is just like a _______ (镜子). You smile at it, and it smiles at you, too.
7．As far as I know, the _______(数码的) camera in our shop is of high quality.
8．The company has changed its ________(形象) in the last few years.
mirror
digital
image
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Our culture has many different customs and __________ (tradition)．
2．The __________(history) building is as much part of our heritage as the paintings.
3．As is known to us, it's a virtue __________(forgive) and forget.
traditions
historic
to forgive
4．In ____________ (compare) with other students, Mike is more diligent.
5．I noticed that the _________ (enter) was very small and almost blocked.
6．Green ________(roof) also help reduce a problem called urban heat islands.
comparison
entrance
roofs
7．It's still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw ________(far)．
8．My father is a ___________(profession) editor, by whom I was deeply influenced and from whom I learned a lot.
further
professional
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．This young man________________________.
这个年轻人身体既不壮实，个子也不高。
2．Tom is my good friend __________________three years ago.
汤姆是三年前来中国的我的好朋友。
was neither strong nor tall
who came to China
3．He came back home____________________________________.
他回家的时候我们正在吃晚饭。
4．____________________, this is neither a travel nor a history book.
正如作者解释的那样，这既不是一本旅行书，也不是一本历史书。
at the time when we were having dinner
As the author explains
5．_____________the results of this research can be applied to new development in technology.
据说，这项研究的结果可以应用于新的技术发展。
It is said that
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Tens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of France's most important tourist sites are being gradually destroyed. Scientists and researchers fear that the 36,000 drawings on rocks in Mont Bego in the French Alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.
The mountain, believed to have once been a site for prayer, is scattered (散布) with 4000-year-old drawings cut into bare rock. But as the popularity of the site increases, the pictures are being ruined by thoughtless graffiti (涂鸦)．
Jean Clottes is the chairman of the International Committee on Rock Art. He says, “People think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there. But if the damage continues at this rate there will be nothing left in 50 years.”
He describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings, wearing away the rock and clearness of the artwork as they do so. Some visitors he says even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs. Other researchers describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch their own drawings, or even their names in the rocks.
But experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings. Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a “no-go” area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours.
Clottes disagrees. “The measure suggested by Henry de Lumley is the most severe, and while it is the most effective, it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there，” he said.“The site was classified as a historic monument years ago by the Ministry of Culture and we must do as much as possible to save what is there.”
Annie Echassoux who also worked on researching the site is alarmed that as the mountain becomes easier to reach — tourists can now avoid the three-and-a-half-hour walk by hiring vehicles — the damage will increase rapidly. She thinks that the only solution is to rope off the area and provide guides. “You can't say the plan can't go ahead because there is no money，” she said. “That is not good enough. Money must be provided because the Ministry of Culture has classified this area as a historic site. If we don't take steps, we will be responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家和研究人员担心，法国阿尔卑斯山脉贝戈山岩石上的36 000幅图画正在迅速受损，可能它们无法为后代保留下来。文章介绍了这一遗迹如今遭受破坏的现状以及相关人员给出的保护建议。
√
1．According to Jean Clottes, some of visitors to the area have .
A．taken bits of the rock home
B．helped to clean the drawings
C．been unable to take photographs
D．misunderstood what the pictures mean
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Some visitors he says even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs.”可知，据Jean Clottes说，一些到该地区的游客把岩石碎片带回家。
√
2．Henry de Lumley is eager to .
A．protect public rights
B．ban traffic in the area
C．set up research projects
D．keep out individual visitors
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris ... public from going there except on guided tours.”可知，Henry de Lumley希望禁止个人访客进入。
√
3．Which word best describes Annie Echassoux's attitude towards saving the historic site
A．Worried. B．Supportive
C．Disappointed. D．Hesitant.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Money must be provided because the Ministry of Culture has ... we will be responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation.”可推知，Annie Echassoux对拯救历史遗迹的态度是支持。
√
4．This text has been written about Mont Bego to .
A．advertise the closing of the site
B．encourage scientists to visit the site
C．describe fears for the future of the site
D．warn visitors about the dangers of the site
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容并结合文章介绍了这一遗迹如今遭受破坏的现状以及相关人员给出的保护建议可推知，这篇文章描述蒙特贝戈是为了描述对该地区未来的担忧。
Ⅱ.完形填空
For a decade, Xie Jincheng has been buried in his duties at the National Library of China (NLC) in Beijing. When asked how old he was, the 37-year-old had to pause for a few seconds to 5 .
Each working day, he sits at a desk and focuses on handling ragged yet 6 pieces of paper in front of him. As one of 17 restorers of 7 books at the NLC, he shakes off centuries of old dust to 8 the works he deals with.
Xie doesn't require a large 9 to use his skills. Using glue, scissors, tweezers (镊子), brushes and several other simple 10 ， he skillfully restores the pages in front of him.
It's estimated that the NLC 11 more than 3 million ancient Chinese books. The world's biggest 12 of its kind, it comprises about 10% of such books in the nation. In China, the term “ancient books” 13 works before 1911.
Xie, who majored in chemistry at college, 14 to cultural relics conservation at graduate school, realizing that there was a 15 of restorers of ancient books in China.
It took Xie more than two yeas of 16 his tutors and developing his talent before he was formally assigned to 17 his first page.
Restoration of books is like seeing a doctor. If the doctor is good, your illness will 18 immediately following treatment. But if not, you may die taking the medicine. So if you cannot see a good 19 ， you'd better keep your item as it is.
√
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国国家图书馆古籍修复师谢谨诚修复古籍的故事。
5．A.look B．talk
C．laugh D．remember
解析：由上文“When asked”可知，此处应指谈到(talk)被问的问题。
√
6．A.priceless B．complete
C．neat D．ready
解析：由yet可知，此处与上文ragged形成转折，再结合下文的“As one of 17 restorers of ...”可知，此处为破旧但价值连城。 priceless“无价的，价值连城的”；complete“完全的”； neat“整洁的”；ready“准备好的”。
√
7．A.modern B．popular
C．ancient D．handy
解析：由上文破旧但价值连城的纸张以及下文“shakes off centuries of old dust”可知，此处为古书修复者之一。modern“现代的”；popular“受欢迎的”；ancient“古代的”； handy“手工的”。
√
8．A.revise B．renew
C．make D．finish
解析：由修复古书以及去除落了几个世纪以来的灰尘，可知此处为修复了他处理的作品。revise“更正，改正”；renew“更新，重新恢复”；make“做”；finish“完成”。
√
9．A.space B．time
C．energy D．patience
解析：由large“大的”以及下文“he skillfully restores the pages in front of him”可知，此处指他不需要很大的空间(space)来施展他的技能。
10．A.materials B．methods
C．tools D．actions
解析：由glue, scissors, tweezers (镊子), brushes都为工具，以及and连接可知，此处为其他一些工具(tools)。
√
11．A.donates B．trades
C．digs D．houses
解析：由“more than 3 million ancient Chinese books”可知，此处应为“藏有”之意。donate“捐赠”； trade“交易，贸易”；dig“发掘”；house“藏有”。
√
12．A.decoration B．selection
C．collection D．exhibition
解析：由上文藏有300多万册古籍以及下文“of its kind”可知，它是世界上最大的同类图书收藏。decoration“装饰”；selection“选择”； collection“收藏”； exhibition“展览”。
√
13．A.refers to B．adds to
C．differs from D．dates from
解析：由句意以及works before 1911可知，此处为“古籍”指的是1911年以前的作品。refer to“指的是”； add to“增加到”；differ from“区别于”；date from“追溯到”。
√
14．A.kept B．switched
C．objected D．replied
解析：由上文“who majored in chemistry at college”以及后来的从事古籍修复工作可知，此处为转向从事文化遗产保护。keep“保持，保留”；switch“转向，转到”；object“反对”；reply“回答”。
√
15．A.leave B．storage
C．shortage D．return
解析：由转向从事文化遗产保护以及前文提到的古籍修复工作可知，他意识到中国缺乏古籍修复者。leave“离开”；storage“贮存”；shortage“缺乏，短缺”；return“返回”。
√
16．A.observing B．supporting
C．satisfying D．praising
解析：由空格处和developing his talent为并列关系，以及下文“he was formally assigned to his first page”可知，谢花了两年多的时间观察他的导师，培养他的才能。 observe“观察”； support“支持，帮助”；satisfy“满足”； praise“赞扬”。
√
17．A.edit B．restore
C．copy D．rewrite
解析：根据上文“restorers”可知，此处为他被正式指派修复他的第一页。本空属于原词复现。
√
18．A.shift B．worsen
C．decrease D．disappear
解析：由“If the doctor is good”以及“following treatment”可知，你的病会在治疗后立即消失。 shift“转移”； worsen“恶化”；decrease“下降”；disappear“消失”。
√
19．A.visitor B．librarian
C．craftsman D．doctor
解析：根据“keep your item as it is”可知，如果你看不见一个好的工匠，你最好保持你的物品原样。根据常识可知，古籍修复师也是工匠。visitor“游客，参观者”； librarian“图书管理员”；craftsman“工匠”；doctor“医生”。
√
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．at the exit 在__________处
2．the Chinese dragon 中国__________
3．digital images ______________
4．the Mogao Caves 莫高__________
5．the Great Pyramid 大____________
6．the United Republic of Tanzania 坦桑尼亚联合____________
7．download that free app ________________那个免费的应用程序
8．the grand lantern festival parade 盛大的元宵节______
9．look at yourself in the mirror 照____________
10．the carving on the roof __________上的雕刻
二、重点单词——写其形
1．in my __________ 依我看
2．__________ the two cities 对比这两座城市
3．last __________ 持续到永久
4．a __________ of paper 一张纸
5．be of high __________ 高品质
6.
7．the cultural relics from __________ 来自海外的文物
8．______ China's ancient history 贯穿中国古代史
9．__________ educate people 进一步教育人们
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．comparison：“com ”前缀表示“共同”或“加强”
①compassion n． 同情 ②component n． 成分
③combine v. 结合 ④compete v. 比赛
⑤comfort v. 安慰
2．identify：“ ify”后缀表示“使……化”
①classify v． 把……分类
②diversify v. 使多样化
③intensify v. 加强
④justify v. 对……作出解释
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 在世界各地
2．______________ 辨别是非
3．______________ 参与该项目
4．______________ 拍……的照片
5．______________ 各种历史遗迹
6．______________ 加速
7．______________ 变成废墟
1．He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
他向我们解释了建造一座如此困难的建筑物的过程。
★process n．过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工
|用|法|感|知|
The project is not finished but is still in process.该项工程尚未结束，仍在进行之中。
(“丰富细节”写作佳句)In the process of exploring the ocean, he met a variety of fishes and plants living in it.在探索海洋的过程中，他遇到了生活在其中的各种各样的鱼类和植物。
Chemicals present in chocolate vary widely based on how it is processed.巧克力中所含的化学物质因加工方式的不同而有很大差异。
(1)in process 在进行中
a process of ……的过程
in the process of 在……过程中
(2)processed adj. 加工的；处理的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Your application for a mortgage is ________ process.
②Sugars are popular in the __________ (process) food industry.
③Do remember, every bit of effort counts in __________ process of saving food for a better life.
④Parents should give praise to the efforts their kids ______________________.
父母应该表扬孩子在这个过程中所付出的努力。
2．Forgive me for asking, but ...
原谅我问一下，但是……
★forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅
|用|法|感|知|
(“对话描写”写作佳句)Fortunately, he forgave me for what I had done to him and said，“Oh, it doesn't matter.”幸运的是，他原谅了我对他所做的，并说：“哦，没关系。”
(总结升华句)What happened today made me realize that forgiveness is a kind of virtue.
今天发生的事情让我意识到宽恕是一种美德。
(1)forgive sb.for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事
forgive sb.sth. 原谅某人某事
(2)forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅
ask/beg for (sb.'s) forgiveness 请求(某人的)原谅
(3)forgiving adj. 宽宏大量的；宽容的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Learn to have a loving and __________ (forgive) spirit.
②I waited anxiously, begging ______________ (forgive) in my mind.
③With tears, I hugged her tightly, saying “thank you” for her ____________ (forgive)．
④Much to my delight, __________________ and later we became best friends.
令我非常高兴的是，她原谅了我，后来我们成了最好的朋友。
3．By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions.
这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。
★tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗
|用|法|感|知|
In China, it is a tradition to respect and love the old.尊重、关爱老人是中国的传统。
(“传统文化”写作佳句)By tradition, children can get money in red paper on the Spring Festival.根据习俗，孩子们在春节可以得到红包。
(1)It is a tradition to do sth. 做某事是一项传统
by tradition 按照传统
(2)traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2021·全国甲卷书面表达)To introduce ______ (tradition) Chinese culture, our school will hold a theme class meeting, which will be exhibited on the English website.
②They still __________________ of their ancestors.他们仍然遵循着他们祖先的传统。
③____________， people will appreciate the moon and eat mooncakes on the Mid Autumn Festival.按照传统风俗，人们会在中秋节赏月、吃月饼。
4．Words to show comparison and/or contrast
表示比较和/或对比的单词
★contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．对比；对照
|用|法|感|知|
Johnson's easy charm contrasted sharply with the prickliness of his boss.约翰逊的亲和力与他老板易怒的性格形成了鲜明的对比。
(“外貌描写”写作佳句)He is an old farmer, whose grey hair makes a sharp contrast with his dark skin.他是一位年老的农民，他灰白的头发与黝黑的皮肤形成鲜明的对比。
(1)contrast sth. with/and sth.把……与……对照/对比
contrast with 与……(截然)不同或形成(鲜明的)对照
(2)be a contrast to 和……成对比
make a contrast with ... 与……形成对比
in contrast with/to 和……形成对比(对照)
by contrast 相比之下
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The snow was icy and white, ____________ (contrast) with the brilliant blue sky.
②__________ contrast to traditional media, Internet advertising has a lot of advantages.
③The private sector, __________ contrast, has plenty of money to spend.
④Today's work ______________ what you did yesterday.今天的工作与你昨天做的工作完全不同。
⑤__________ fresh vegetables __________ frozen vegetables and you'll find the fresh ones taste better.把新鲜蔬菜和冰冻蔬菜对比，你就会发现新鲜的蔬菜吃起来味道更好。
5．Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.今天，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。
巩固已学语法——as ...as结构
本句运用了“as＋adj./adv.＋as ...”结构，意为“像/和……一样”，为原级比较，通常中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。第一个as为副词，第二个as 为连词。as ...as ...的其他表达形式还有：, 1 as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as ..., 2 as many＋可数名词复数＋as ..., 3 as much＋不可数名词＋as ...
[强化小练] (完成句子)
①As a matter of fact, mental health is ______________________ physical health.
事实上，精神健康和身体健康一样重要。
②The young man hopes to live ________________________ his grandpa.
这个年轻人希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。
③It was imperative that he (should) act _________________________.
至关重要的是他要尽可能地自然行事。
④Going to his daughter's room after his arrival, he was __________________ ever to see her.
他一到家就到他女儿的房间去，见到她一如既往地高兴。
6．Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei's photos can help us remember them.人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住他们。
(1)neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分，连接主语时，谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)常见的并列结构还有：
either ...or ... 或者……或者……
not ...but ... 不是……而是……
not only ...but (also) ... 不仅……而且……
Neither he nor his parents are going to have a picnic tomorrow.明天他和他的父母都不会去野餐。
He likes his tea neither too hot nor too cold.
他喜欢茶既不太烫也不太凉。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)
①Seeing this, Lucy seemed neither disappointed __________ annoyed.
②Not the students but our maths teacher __________ (be) looking forward to seeing the film at the moment.
③Although Mary loved flowers, __________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④你和他都不知道如何回答这个问题。
__________________________________ how to answer the question.
⑤不仅汤姆而且他的同学将要来参观博物馆。
______________________________________ to visit the museum.
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________ 记起；想起
2．______________ 这个国家的一个象征
3．______________ 许多重要的游行
4．like a flame ______________
5．used to be ______________
6．have a lot of fun ______________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is the Kremlin not used for？( )
A．A relaxing square.
B．A government area.
C．The president's living area.
2．Which is the symbol of Russia？( )
A．The Palace Museum.
B．Saint Basil's Cathedral.
C．The Eiffel Tower.
3．What cannot be done on Red Square today？( )
A．Having parades.
B．Playing games.
C．Selling something.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．It's ________________________， too.
2．The Kremlin was actually built around the same time, ________________________________________________________________________.
3．________________________ many important parades and events held here.
4．I see that you're ________________________ an ice hockey game.
5．Red Square is also ______________________________________________________.
四、听说交际训练
一名游客在参观紫禁城(the Forbidden City)的过程中有问题想要询问导游。请根据本课所学词块和句式完成对话。
The tourist：Forgive me for asking, but ①________________________________________ (紫禁城在历史上是用来干什么的)
Tour Guide：Well, it is said that ②___________________________________________ (紫禁城是皇帝及其皇室的家) as well as the ceremonial and political centre of Chinese government for almost 500 years.
The tourist：Wow, that is a massive “house”. I see that ③______________________________________ (你在看那个珍贵的花瓶). Do you know anything about it
Tour Guide：It's called “blue porcelain”. ④______________________________________(据报道大约117万件艺术品被存放) in the Forbidden City, so it is also called “the Palace Museum”．
The tourist：⑤________________________ (真是令人惊奇)!
Section Ⅴ
课前词汇默写
一、1.出口 2.龙 3.数码图像 4.窟 5.金字塔 6.共和国 7.下载 8.游行 9.镜子 10.屋顶
二、1.opinion 2.contrast 3.forever 4.sheet 5.quality
6．①process ②process 7.overseas 8.throughout
9．further
三、1.①Professor ②profession ③professional
2．①archaeologist ②archaeology ③archaeological
3．①entrance ②enter 4.①forgive ②forgiveness
5．①tradition ②traditional
6．①historic ②historical ③history
7．①quote ②quotation
8．①comparison ②compare ③compared
9．①identify ②identification
五、1.all over the world 2.tell right from wrong
3．work on the project 4.take photos of ...
5．all kinds of historic relics 6.speed up 7.fall into ruins
新知深化学习
1．①in ②processed ③the ④put into the process
2．①forgiving ②to be forgiven ③forgiveness
④she forgave me
3．①traditional ②follow the tradition ③By tradition
4．①contrasting ②In ③by ④is quite a contrast to
⑤Contrast; with/and
5．①as important as ②as simple a life as
③as naturally as possible ④as happy as
6．①nor ②is ③neither ④Neither you nor he knows
⑤Not only Tom but also his classmates are coming
听力发掘训练
一、1.think of 2.a symbol of the country
3．many important parades 4.像火焰 5.过去(曾经)是
6．玩得很开心
二、1～3 ABC
三、1.where the president lives
2．between the 14th and 17th centuries 3.There have been 4.looking at the photos of 5.a place for music concerts
四、①what was the Forbidden City used for in history
②the Forbidden City served as the home of emperors and their households ③you're looking at that valuable vase
④Some 1.17 million pieces of art are reported to be stored
⑤That's really amazing
1UNIT 1 课时检测(五) 语言技能一课过
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Others benefit in the __________ (过程), and I get some rewards, too.
2．You'll never see colorful life if you stay at home __________ (永远)．
3．She's got lots of good __________ (品质), so her classmates all like her.
4．I __________ (下载) an English learning app and began listening to English news every day.
5．He _________ (比较) the two different economic systems in his speech.
6．Life is just like a __________ (镜子). You smile at it, and it smiles at you, too.
7．As far as I know, the __________(数码的) camera in our shop is of high quality.
8．The company has changed its __________ (形象) in the last few years.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Our culture has many different customs and ______ (tradition)．
2．The __________ (history) building is as much part of our heritage as the paintings.
3．As is known to us, it's a virtue __________ (forgive) and forget.
4．In __________ (compare) with other students, Mike is more diligent.
5．I noticed that the __________ (enter) was very small and almost blocked.
6．Green __________ (roof) also help reduce a problem called urban heat islands.
7．It's still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw __________ (far)．
8．My father is a ____________ (profession) editor, by whom I was deeply influenced and from whom I learned a lot.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．This young man ________________________________________________________________________.
这个年轻人身体既不壮实，个子也不高。
2．Tom is my good friend ____________________ three years ago.
汤姆是三年前来中国的我的好朋友。
3．He came back home ________________________________________________________________________.
他回家的时候我们正在吃晚饭。
4．________________________， this is neither a travel nor a history book.
正如作者解释的那样，这既不是一本旅行书，也不是一本历史书。
5．______________ the results of this research can be applied to new development in technology.
据说，这项研究的结果可以应用于新的技术发展。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Tens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of France's most important tourist sites are being gradually destroyed. Scientists and researchers fear that the 36,000 drawings on rocks in Mont Bego in the French Alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.
The mountain, believed to have once been a site for prayer, is scattered (散布) with 4000 year old drawings cut into bare rock. But as the popularity of the site increases, the pictures are being ruined by thoughtless graffiti (涂鸦)．
Jean Clottes is the chairman of the International Committee on Rock Art. He says, “People think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there. But if the damage continues at this rate there will be nothing left in 50 years.”
He describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings, wearing away the rock and clearness of the artwork as they do so. Some visitors he says even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs. Other researchers describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch their own drawings, or even their names in the rocks.
But experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings. Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a “no go” area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours.
Clottes disagrees. “The measure suggested by Henry de Lumley is the most severe, and while it is the most effective, it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there，” he said.“The site was classified as a historic monument years ago by the Ministry of Culture and we must do as much as possible to save what is there.”
Annie Echassoux who also worked on researching the site is alarmed that as the mountain becomes easier to reach — tourists can now avoid the three and a half hour walk by hiring vehicles — the damage will increase rapidly. She thinks that the only solution is to rope off the area and provide guides. “You can't say the plan can't go ahead because there is no money，” she said. “That is not good enough. Money must be provided because the Ministry of Culture has classified this area as a historic site. If we don't take steps, we will be responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation.”
1．According to Jean Clottes, some of visitors to the area have __________.
A．taken bits of the rock home
B．helped to clean the drawings
C．been unable to take photographs
D．misunderstood what the pictures mean
2．Henry de Lumley is eager to__________.
A．protect public rights
B．ban traffic in the area
C．set up research projects
D．keep out individual visitors
3．Which word best describes Annie Echassoux's attitude towards saving the historic site
A．Worried. B．Supportive
C．Disappointed. D．Hesitant.
4．This text has been written about Mont Bego to__________.
A．advertise the closing of the site
B．encourage scientists to visit the site
C．describe fears for the future of the site
D．warn visitors about the dangers of the site
Ⅱ.完形填空
For a decade, Xie Jincheng has been buried in his duties at the National Library of China (NLC) in Beijing. When asked how old he was, the 37 year old had to pause for a few seconds to __5__.
Each working day, he sits at a desk and focuses on handling ragged yet __6__ pieces of paper in front of him. As one of 17 restorers of __7__ books at the NLC, he shakes off centuries of old dust to __8__ the works he deals with.
Xie doesn't require a large __9__ to use his skills. Using glue, scissors, tweezers (镊子), brushes and several other simple __10__， he skillfully restores the pages in front of him.
It's estimated that the NLC __11__ more than 3 million ancient Chinese books. The world's biggest __12__ of its kind, it comprises about 10% of such books in the nation. In China, the term “ancient books” __13__ works before 1911.
Xie, who majored in chemistry at college, __14__ to cultural relics conservation at graduate school, realizing that there was a __15__ of restorers of ancient books in China.
It took Xie more than two yeas of __16__ his tutors and developing his talent before he was formally assigned to __17__ his first page.
Restoration of books is like seeing a doctor. If the doctor is good, your illness will __18__ immediately following treatment. But if not, you may die taking the medicine. So if you cannot see a good __19__， you'd better keep your item as it is.
5．A.look B．talk
C．laugh D．remember
6．A.priceless B．complete
C．neat D．ready
7．A.modern B．popular
C．ancient D．handy
8．A.revise B．renew
C．make D．finish
9．A.space B．time
C．energy D．patience
10．A.materials B．methods
C．tools D．actions
11．A.donates B．trades
C．digs D．houses
12．A.decoration B．selection
C．collection D．exhibition
13．A.refers to B．adds to
C．differs from D．dates from
14．A.kept B．switched
C．objected D．replied
15．A.leave B．storage
C．shortage D．return
16．A.observing B．supporting
C．satisfying D．praising
17．A.edit B．restore
C．copy D．rewrite
18．A.shift B．worsen
C．decrease D．disappear
19．A.visitor B．librarian
C．craftsman D．doctor
UNIT 1 课时检测(五)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.process 2.forever 3.qualities 4.downloaded
5．contrasted 6.mirror 7.digital 8.image
Ⅱ.1.traditions 2.historic 3.to forgive 4.comparison
5．entrance 6.roofs 7.further 8.professional
Ⅲ.1.was neither strong nor tall 2.who came to China
3．at the time when we were having dinner
4．As the author explains 5.It is said that
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家和研究人员担心，法国阿尔卑斯山脉贝戈山岩石上的36 000幅图画正在迅速受损，可能它们无法为后代保留下来。文章介绍了这一遗迹如今遭受破坏的现状以及相关人员给出的保护建议。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第四段“Some visitors he says even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs.”可知，据Jean Clottes说，一些到该地区的游客把岩石碎片带回家。
2．选D 细节理解题。根据第五段“Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris ... public from going there except on guided tours.”可知，Henry de Lumley希望禁止个人访客进入。
3．选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Money must be provided because the Ministry of Culture has ... we will be responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation.”可推知，Annie Echassoux对拯救历史遗迹的态度是支持。
4．选C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容并结合文章介绍了这一遗迹如今遭受破坏的现状以及相关人员给出的保护建议可推知，这篇文章描述蒙特贝戈是为了描述对该地区未来的担忧。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国国家图书馆古籍修复师谢谨诚修复古籍的故事。
5．选B 由上文“When asked”可知，此处应指谈到(talk)被问的问题。
6．选A 由yet可知，此处与上文ragged形成转折，再结合下文的“As one of 17 restorers of ...”可知，此处为破旧但价值连城。 priceless“无价的，价值连城的”；complete“完全的”； neat“整洁的”；ready“准备好的”。
7．选C 由上文破旧但价值连城的纸张以及下文“shakes off centuries of old dust”可知，此处为古书修复者之一。modern“现代的”；popular“受欢迎的”；ancient“古代的”； handy“手工的”。
8．选B 由修复古书以及去除落了几个世纪以来的灰尘，可知此处为修复了他处理的作品。revise“更正，改正”；renew“更新，重新恢复”；make“做”；finish“完成”。
9．选A 由large“大的”以及下文“he skillfully restores the pages in front of him”可知，此处指他不需要很大的空间(space)来施展他的技能。
10．选C 由glue, scissors, tweezers (镊子), brushes都为工具，以及and连接可知，此处为其他一些工具(tools)。
11．选D 由“more than 3 million ancient Chinese books”可知，此处应为“藏有”之意。donate“捐赠”； trade“交易，贸易”；dig“发掘”；house“藏有”。
12．选C 由上文藏有300多万册古籍以及下文“of its kind”可知，它是世界上最大的同类图书收藏。decoration“装饰”；selection“选择”； collection“收藏”； exhibition“展览”。
13．选A 由句意以及works before 1911可知，此处为“古籍”指的是1911年以前的作品。refer to“指的是”； add to“增加到”；differ from“区别于”；date from“追溯到”。
14．选B 由上文“who majored in chemistry at college”以及后来的从事古籍修复工作可知，此处为转向从事文化遗产保护。keep“保持，保留”；switch“转向，转到”；object“反对”；reply“回答”。
15．选C 由转向从事文化遗产保护以及前文提到的古籍修复工作可知，他意识到中国缺乏古籍修复者。leave“离开”；storage“贮存”；shortage“缺乏，短缺”；return“返回”。
16．选A 由空格处和developing his talent为并列关系，以及下文“he was formally assigned to ________ his first page”可知，谢花了两年多的时间观察他的导师，培养他的才能。 observe“观察”； support“支持，帮助”；satisfy“满足”； praise“赞扬”。
17．选B 根据上文“restorers”可知，此处为他被正式指派修复他的第一页。本空属于原词复现。
18．选D 由“If the doctor is good”以及“following treatment”可知，你的病会在治疗后立即消失。 shift“转移”； worsen“恶化”；decrease“下降”；disappear“消失”。
19．选C 根据“keep your item as it is”可知，如果你看不见一个好的工匠，你最好保持你的物品原样。根据常识可知，古籍修复师也是工匠。visitor“游客，参观者”； librarian“图书管理员”；craftsman“工匠”；doctor“医生”。
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