(共63张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Discovering Useful Structures
目 录
(语法项目——现在进行时的被动语态)
课时跟踪检测
(语法项目——现在进行时的被动语态)
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our New City. What is being done ①to the city Look! Many a building is being built② now in the centre of the city. More than one subway is also being constructed③. It's said that at least a new stadium and a new swimming pool are being designed④ by the City Construction Company.
Well, as you can see, many trees and flowers are being planted⑤ on each side of the roads. Is the city being planned⑥ to be developed into a big city The answer is yes. Therefore, it is a pity that you are not being shown around⑦ the city .
[语法入门]
①为现在进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问式；
②③④⑤为现在进行时的被动语态的肯定式；
⑥为现在进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句；
⑦为现在进行时的被动语态的否定式。
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
一、基本结构
[先感知]
①The sports meeting is being held in our school.
②It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
③Is the problem being discussed now
④Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest
[会发现]
①句是现在进行时的被动语态的_______形式；
②句是现在进行时的被动语态的_______形式；
③句是现在进行时的被动语态的_____________形式；
④句是现在进行时的被动语态的______________形式。
肯定
否定
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
[明规则]
现在进行时的被动语态的构成：
①肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋being done
②否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋not being done
③一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋being done
④特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋am/is/are(＋主语)＋being done
[对点练] (根据提示变换句子形式)
They are building a modern school in his hometown.
→①A modern school _____________by them in his hometown.(改为被动语态)
→②A modern school ____________________by them in his hometown.(把①句改为否定句)
is being built
isn't being built
→③____________________________by them in his hometown？(把①句改为一般疑问句)
→④_________________________________________(对①句中in his hometown进行提问)
Is a modern school being built
Where is a modern school being built by them
二、用法规则
[先感知]
①My younger sister is now being interviewed.
②Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
③I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken.
④The Wi-Fi may be being used by several people.
[会发现]
①由时间状语______可知说话时，妹妹正在接受采访。
②时间状语是时间段_________，说话时，实验不一定正在进行。
③由时间状语________可知，“那扇窗户经常被打破”是一种令人讨厌的习惯性行为。
④与情态动词______连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
now
these days
often
may
[明规则]
1．现在进行时的被动语态的用法：
①表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now, at the moment等时间状语。
②表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时动作不一定在进行)。
③表示一种习惯性的被动行为，常与always, constantly, often, frequently等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
④与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
2．注意事项
①某些表示状态、心理活动、存在等的动词(短语)，如stay, love, have, want, belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
②“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.
＝The telephone is being used.
电话正在使用中。
③take care of, look after, talk about, think of 等短语动词用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①The report _______________by an excellent professor of this university.
这份报告正由这所大学里一位卓越的教授撰写。
②The plan to explore the South Pole ________________these days.
最近，正在制订勘探南极的计划。
is being written
is being made
③(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play___________________.
听听汉语，看看汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，是非常令人激动的。
④The question about where the factory is going to be built _________________now.
现在正在讨论关于在哪儿建厂的问题。
was being performed
is being discussed
⑤Look! The children _____________________by their aunt.
瞧！孩子们正由他们的姑妈照看着。
are being taken care of
Ⅰ.改写句子(用现在进行时的被动语态改写)
1．My father is painting our new house now.
→____________________________ (by my father) now.
2．They are collecting money for the project.
→________________________ (by them) for the project.
Our new house is being painted
Money is being collected
3．They are studying the milu deer at the research centre.
→_______________________________at the research centre (by them)．
4．They are showing a film about the protection of cultural heritage in cinemas.
→A film about the protection of cultural heritage _____________
(by them) in cinemas.
The milu deer are being studied
is being shown
5．Unluckily, some hunters are hunting and killing some endangered animals.
→Unluckily, some endangered animals ______________________
________(by some hunters)．
are being hunted and
killed
Ⅱ.用现在进行时的被动语态完成下面的语段
This is Beijing Daxing International Airport. Many people from home and abroad are waiting to go to the destinations for different purposes.The passengers' information ①_______________ (正在被检查) by the woman at the check-in. They ② ________________________
(正在被问问题) by her.
is being checked
are being asked questions
Everyone's passports ③___________________ (正在被查看) by a man in uniform at passport control. Magazines and books on the bookshelves in the corner ④________________ (正在被阅读) by some people. Outside，the luggage ⑤____________________ (正在被放) in the plane by some men. The airport is busy in summer holidays.
are being looked at
are being read
is being put/placed
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Barred owls (大林鸮猫头鹰) are a large species native to eastern North America, but they began moving west at the start of the 20th century. By 1973, large numbers of barred owls had arrived in the western state of Washington. Later they moved south into Oregon and California.
In parts of the Pacific Northwest, the owls are now believed to be causing a drop in the population of a smaller, less aggressive bird：the northern spotted owl. In many ways, the barred owl is the spotted owl's worst enemy. The barred owl has more babies per year and eats the same animals, like squirrels and wood rats. And their numbers are now larger in many parts of the spotted owl's traditional territory (领地)．
David Wiens is a biologist with the US Geological Survey. He and other officials are doing something unusual to protect spotted owls：killing barred owls. It is an experimental program. More than 2,400 barred owls have already been shot.
Wiens is the son of a well-known bird expert and grew up with the fascination for birds. He has mixed feelings about the program. “It's a little distasteful, I think, to go out killing barred owls to save another owl species，” he says. But he adds, “We knew that barred owls were out competing spotted owls and their numbers were growing too fast.”
To catch barred owls, officials put digital (电子的) bird callers on the ground. Then they step back and wait as several sounds from the devices fill the air. All of this happens in the dark of night. Barred owls dislike other birds in their territory, so they will fly down and chase other owls out. That is when Wiens and his team try to shoot them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为大林鸮猫头鹰入侵了斑点猫头鹰的生活领地，导致斑点猫头鹰数量下降，于是政府官员决定采取一系列的措施杀死大林鸮猫头鹰来拯救斑点猫头鹰。
√
1．What's the main problem with spotted owls
A．They have no food.
B．They have more babies each year.
C．They are hunted by man.
D．Barred owls take many parts of their territory.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In parts of ... enemy.”可知，斑点猫头鹰的主要问题是它们的领地被另一种猫头鹰入侵了。
√
2．Why are barred owls being killed
A．They are eating the spotted owls.
B．They are killing each other to survive.
C．They are putting the spotted owls in danger.
D．They are destroying large areas of forests.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段中“He and other officials ...owls.”可知，大林鸮猫头鹰被杀死是因为它们是斑点猫头鹰最大的敌人，它们的大量存在使斑点猫头鹰处于危险之中。
√
3．Why did the officials put digital bird callers
A．To kill barred owls.
B．To puzzle barred owls.
C．To protect barred owls.
D．To frighten barred owls.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“He and other officials ... owls.”以及最后一段内容可知，官员们安装数字鸟类呼叫器是为了杀死大林鸮猫头鹰。
√
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Keeping the Balance of Nature
B．Preventing Birds from Playing Fair
C．Protecting Birds in Danger
D．Killing One Animal to Save Another
解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段中“He and other ... owls.”以及文章其他段落可知，文章主要围绕着政府官员如何杀死大林鸮猫头鹰来拯救斑点猫头鹰来展开。由此可知，D选项可概括全文主要内容，作为文章标题最合适。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Standing by the lake, Isaiah and I cast our fishing lines onto the water. Suddenly, I 5 some great northern loons (潜鸟) gathering closely together not far away. Loons usually travel 6 ， but here were five. One loon, 7 and making sounds, swam toward us.
Getting closer to the loon, I could see a shiny hook (鱼钩) in its body and a fishing line tightly around its 8 . It was asking us to 9 ！ Isaiah headed to the camp immediately and came back with a pair of scissors.
Reaching down, I 10 its head. I picked up the loon and took it 11 under its wings, my heart 12 ， afraid that it might 13 me with its beak. But the loon was silent and 14 . Isaiah, biting on his lower lip, slowly cut the line away from its neck and his slim fingers worked to 15 the hook from its body.
I patted the loon's head to express my 16 that it hadn't used its beak to attack me. As I 17 the bird on the water, it flapped (振) its wings with 18 . It seemed to be saying, “Thank you, boys. You 19 me. I won't soon forget.”
√
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和Isaiah 在湖边钓鱼时，救助了一只被鱼钩和渔线困住的潜鸟的故事。
5．A.spotted B．trapped
C．sensed D．monitored
解析：根据下文中的“some great northern loons (潜鸟) gathering closely together not far away”可推知，作者是看到了这个场景。spot“看见”；trap“使困住”；sense“感觉到”；monitor “监测”。故选A。
√
6．A.nearby B．hurriedly
C．alone D．gracefully
解析：根据下文中的“but here were five”可知，此处语义有转折，故可推知，通常潜鸟独自飞行。alone“独自”符合语境，故选C。
√
7．A.wandering B．crying
C．playing D．hunting
解析：根据第二段中的“a shiny hook(鱼钩)in its body and a fishing line tightly around its ”和空后的“and making sounds”可知，此处表示一只在鸣叫、发出声响的潜鸟向作者和 Isaiah 游去。故选B。
√
8．A.wing B．head
C．foot D．neck
解析：根据下文中“Isaiah，biting on his lower lip, slowly cut the line away from its neck”可知，潜鸟的脖子上紧紧地绕着一条渔线。故选D。
√
9．A.help B．leave
C．feed D．stay
解析：根据上文中的“I could see a shiny hook(鱼钩)in its body and a fishing line tightly around its ”可知，这只潜鸟受伤了，遇到了麻烦，因此请求作者他们的帮助。故选A。
√
10．A.pressed B．touched
C．shook D．raised
解析：根据常识及下文“I picked up the loon and took it______ under its wings”可推知，作者把潜鸟捡起来之前，应是先伸手去摸它的头，进行安抚。故选B。
√
11．A.calmly B．gently
C．purposely D．excitedly
解析：根据上文内容可知，这只潜鸟受伤了，因此作者应是轻轻地拿着。故选B。
√
12．A.failing B．singing
C．leaping D．racing
解析：根据下文中的“afraid that it might me with its beak”可知，作者内心很害怕，因此心在急速跳动。 race“(因害怕、兴奋等)急速跳动”。故选D。
√
13．A.knock B．drive
C．attack D．beat
解析：根据下文“it hadn't used its beak to attack me”可知，此处表示作者害怕这只潜鸟会用喙攻击自己。故选C。
√
14．A.still B．upset
C．angry D．normal
解析：根据上文中的“But the loon was silent”可知，此处语义有转折。上文提到作者担心潜鸟会攻击他，故此处应表示它却很安静，而且静止不动。still“静止的，不动的”。故选A。
√
15．A.free B．tear
C．pull D．lift
解析：根据上文中的“Isaiah, biting on his lower lip, slowly cut the line away from its neck”可知，Isaiah在非常紧张和细致地帮助这只潜鸟，因此free“解开”符合语境，表示把鱼钩从潜鸟的身体上取下来。故选A。
√
16．A.kindness B．gratitude
C．anger D．anxiety
解析：根据下文“it hadn't used its beak to attack me”可知，潜鸟没有用它的喙来攻击作者，因此作者对它表示感激。故选B。
√
17．A.got rid of B．held on to
C．set down D．put aside
解析：根据下文“the bird on the water”可推知，作者他们救助完这只潜鸟后，把它重新放回水面上。get rid of“摆脱”；hold on to“抓住”；set down“放下”；put aside“不考虑”。故选 C。
√
18．A.effort B．pride
C．satisfaction D．joy
解析：上文讲述了作者和Isaiah帮助了这只潜鸟，取下了渔线和鱼钩，这只潜鸟脱困了，故它应该会高兴地挥动着翅膀。故选D。
√
19．A.moved B．protected
C．saved D．supported
解析：根据上文内容可知，作者和Isaiah 帮助取下了困住潜鸟的渔线和鱼钩，救(saved)了它。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Scientists exploring the ocean floor in Antarctica (南极洲) have found a larger group of fish nests (鱼巢) 1 ever before. The discovery came as a surprise, and it will help scientists develop a more complete idea of the ocean food web in the area.
In the south Weddell Sea, not far from Antarctica's Filchner Ice Shelf, scientists were 2 (amaze) to discover a group of about 60 million icefish nests on the ocean floor. Before this, the 3 (large) group of icefish nests that had ever been found includes less than 60 nests. Lilian Boehringer, a research student, was the first 4 (discover) the nests. “They were everywhere，” she told The New York Times.
The researchers used a special device called OFOBS to make two more four-hour “lives”， 5 (try) to discover the limits of the nesting area. The nests scientists found were in the shape of 6 circle. Each nest held about 1,700 eggs. Usually, Weddell seals (海豹) 7 (spot) in the waters above the nesting site. Trackers 8 (fix) on some Weddell seals show that they dive all the way to the sea floor.
The team placed a camera on the sea floor before leaving, 9 will take a picture of the nests in the area 10 (two) a day for the next two years. They hope the pictures from this camera will help them learn more about the lives of the icefish.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在南极海底探险时发现了比以往任何时候都多的鱼巢。
1．than 考查比较连词。根据前文比较级larger可知，此处应用比较连词than。
2．amazed 考查形容词。根据前文scientists were可知，此处应用其以-ed结尾的形容词作表语，修饰人。故填amazed。
3．largest 考查形容词最高级。根据句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。
4．to discover 考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词first等修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。
5．trying 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语，动词try和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语。故填trying。
6．a 考查冠词。可数名词circle为泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，且其发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7．are spotted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意和时间状语Usually可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；谓语动词spot和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，故填are spotted。
8．fixed 考查非谓语动词。动词fix和名词Trackers之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填fixed。
9．which 考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为camera，指代事物，应用关系代词which引导，which在从句中作主语。
10．twice 考查副词。根据句意及a day可知，此处应用表示次数的副词twice作状语。Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures
(语法项目——现在进行时的被动语态)
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our New City. What is being done ① to the city Look! Many a building is being built② now in the centre of the city. More than one subway is also being constructed③. It's said that at least a new stadium and a new swimming pool are being designed④ by the City Construction Company. Well, as you can see, many trees and flowers are being planted⑤ on each side of the roads. Is the
city being planned⑥ to be developed into a big city The answer is yes. Therefore, it is a pity that you are not being shown around⑦ the city .
[语法入门]
①为现在进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问式；
②③④⑤为现在进行时的被动语态的肯定式；
⑥为现在进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句；
⑦为现在进行时的被动语态的否定式。
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
一、基本结构
[先感知]
①The sports meeting is being held in our school.
②It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
③Is the problem being discussed now
④Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest
[会发现]
①句是现在进行时的被动语态的__________形式；
②句是现在进行时的被动语态的__________形式；
③句是现在进行时的被动语态的__________形式；
④句是现在进行时的被动语态的__________形式。
现在进行时的被动语态的构成：
①肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋being done
②否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋not being done
③一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋being done
④特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋am/is/are(＋主语)＋being done [明规则]
[对点练] (根据提示变换句子形式)
They are building a modern school in his hometown.
→①A modern school ______________ by them in his hometown.(改为被动语态)
→②A modern school ______________ by them in his hometown.(把①句改为否定句)
→③____________________________ by them in his hometown？(把①句改为一般疑问句)
→④____________________________________(对①句中in his hometown进行提问)
二、用法规则
[先感知]
①My younger sister is now being interviewed.
②Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
③I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken.
④The Wi Fi may be being used by several people.
[会发现]
①由时间状语______可知说话时，妹妹正在接受采访。
②时间状语是时间段__________，说话时，实验不一定正在进行。
③由时间状语__________可知，“那扇窗户经常被打破”是一种令人讨厌的习惯性行为。
④与情态动词__________连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
[明规则]
1．现在进行时的被动语态的用法：
①表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now, at the moment等时间状语。
②表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时动作不一定在进行)。
③表示一种习惯性的被动行为，常与always, constantly, often, frequently等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
④与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
2．注意事项
①某些表示状态、心理活动、存在等的动词(短语)，如stay, love, have, want, belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
②“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.
＝The telephone is being used.
电话正在使用中。
③take care of, look after, talk about, think of 等短语动词用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①The report ______________ by an excellent professor of this university.
这份报告正由这所大学里一位卓越的教授撰写。
②The plan to explore the South Pole __________________ these days.
最近，正在制订勘探南极的计划。
③(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play ______________.
听听汉语，看看汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，是非常令人激动的。
④The question about where the factory is going to be built ______________ now.
现在正在讨论关于在哪儿建厂的问题。
⑤Look! The children __________ by their aunt.
瞧！孩子们正由他们的姑妈照看着。
Ⅰ.改写句子(用现在进行时的被动语态改写)
1．My father is painting our new house now.
→________________________ (by my father) now.
2．They are collecting money for the project.
→________________________ (by them) for the project.
3．They are studying the milu deer at the research centre.
→________________________ at the research centre (by them)．
4．They are showing a film about the protection of cultural heritage in cinemas.
→A film about the protection of cultural heritage __________ (by them) in cinemas.
5．Unluckily, some hunters are hunting and killing some endangered animals.
→Unluckily, some endangered animals__________________ (by some hunters)．
Ⅱ.用现在进行时的被动语态完成下面的语段
This is Beijing Daxing International Airport. Many people from home and abroad are waiting to go to the destinations for different purposes.The passengers' information ①________________ (正在被检查) by the woman at the check in. They ②__________________________ (正在被问问题) by her. Everyone's passports ③__________________ (正在被查看) by a man in uniform at passport control. Magazines and books on the bookshelves in the corner ④______________ (正在被阅读) by some people. Outside，the luggage ⑤______________ (正在被放) in the plane by some men. The airport is busy in summer holidays.
Section Ⅳ
学案中理清
一、[会发现] ①肯定 ②否定 ③一般疑问句 ④特殊疑问句
[对点练] ①is being built ②isn't being built
③Is a modern school being built
④Where is a modern school being built by them
二、[会发现] ①now ②these days ③often ④may
[对点练] ①is being written ②is being made
③was being performed ④is being discussed
⑤are being taken care of
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.Our new house is being painted
2．Money is being collected 3.The milu deer are being studied
4．is being shown 5. are being hunted and killed
Ⅱ.①is being checked ②are being asked questions
③are being looked at ④are being read
⑤is being put/placed
1UNIT 2 课时检测(四) Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Barred owls (大林鸮猫头鹰) are a large species native to eastern North America, but they began moving west at the start of the 20th century. By 1973, large numbers of barred owls had arrived in the western state of Washington. Later they moved south into Oregon and California.
In parts of the Pacific Northwest, the owls are now believed to be causing a drop in the population of a smaller, less aggressive bird：the northern spotted owl. In many ways, the barred owl is the spotted owl's worst enemy. The barred owl has more babies per year and eats the same animals, like squirrels and wood rats. And their numbers are now larger in many parts of the spotted owl's traditional territory (领地)．
David Wiens is a biologist with the US Geological Survey. He and other officials are doing something unusual to protect spotted owls：killing barred owls. It is an experimental program. More than 2,400 barred owls have already been shot.
Wiens is the son of a well known bird expert and grew up with the fascination for birds. He has mixed feelings about the program. “It's a little distasteful, I think, to go out killing barred owls to save another owl species，” he says. But he adds, “We knew that barred owls were out competing spotted owls and their numbers were growing too fast.”
To catch barred owls, officials put digital (电子的) bird callers on the ground. Then they step back and wait as several sounds from the devices fill the air. All of this happens in the dark of night. Barred owls dislike other birds in their territory, so they will fly down and chase other owls out. That is when Wiens and his team try to shoot them.
1．What's the main problem with spotted owls
A．They have no food.
B．They have more babies each year.
C．They are hunted by man.
D．Barred owls take many parts of their territory.
2．Why are barred owls being killed
A．They are eating the spotted owls.
B．They are killing each other to survive.
C．They are putting the spotted owls in danger.
D．They are destroying large areas of forests.
3．Why did the officials put digital bird callers
A．To kill barred owls.
B．To puzzle barred owls.
C．To protect barred owls.
D．To frighten barred owls.
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Keeping the Balance of Nature
B．Preventing Birds from Playing Fair
C．Protecting Birds in Danger
D．Killing One Animal to Save Another
Ⅱ.完形填空
Standing by the lake, Isaiah and I cast our fishing lines onto the water. Suddenly, I__5__ some great northern loons (潜鸟) gathering closely together not far away. Loons usually travel __6__， but here were five. One loon, __7__ and making sounds, swam toward us.
Getting closer to the loon, I could see a shiny hook (鱼钩) in its body and a fishing line tightly around its __8__. It was asking us to __9__！ Isaiah headed to the camp immediately and came back with a pair of scissors.
Reaching down, I __10__ its head. I picked up the loon and took it __11__ under its wings, my heart __12__， afraid that it might __13__ me with its beak. But the loon was silent and __14__. Isaiah, biting on his lower lip, slowly cut the line away from its neck and his slim fingers worked to __15__ the hook from its body.
I patted the loon's head to express my __16__ that it hadn't used its beak to attack me. As I __17__ the bird on the water, it flapped (振) its wings with __18__. It seemed to be saying, “Thank you, boys. You __19__ me. I won't soon forget.”,
5．A.spotted B．trapped
C．sensed D．monitored
6．A.nearby B．hurriedly
C．alone D．gracefully
7．A.wandering B．crying
C．playing D．hunting
8．A.wing B．head
C．foot D．neck
9．A.help B．leave
C．feed D．stay
10．A.pressed B．touched
C．shook D．raised
11．A.calmly B．gently
C．purposely D．excitedly
12．A.failing B．singing
C．leaping D．racing
13．A.knock B．drive
C．attack D．beat
14．A.still B．upset
C．angry D．normal
15．A.free B．tear
C．pull D．lift
16．A.kindness B．gratitude
C．anger D．anxiety
17．A.got rid of B．held on to
C．set down D．put aside
18．A.effort B．pride
C．satisfaction D．joy
19．A.moved B．protected
C．saved D．supported
Ⅲ.语法填空
Scientists exploring the ocean floor in Antarctica (南极洲) have found a larger group of fish nests (鱼巢) __1__ ever before. The discovery came as a surprise, and it will help scientists develop a more complete idea of the ocean food web in the area.
In the south Weddell Sea, not far from Antarctica's Filchner Ice Shelf, scientists were __2__ (amaze) to discover a group of about 60 million icefish nests on the ocean floor. Before this, the __3__ (large) group of icefish nests that had ever been found includes less than 60 nests. Lilian Boehringer, a research student, was the first __4__ (discover) the nests. “They were everywhere，” she told The New York Times.
The researchers used a special device called OFOBS to make two more four hour “lives”， __5__ (try) to discover the limits of the nesting area. The nests scientists found were in the shape of __6__ circle. Each nest held about 1,700 eggs. Usually, Weddell seals (海豹) __7__ (spot) in the waters above the nesting site. Trackers __8__ (fix) on some Weddell seals show that they dive all the way to the sea floor.
The team placed a camera on the sea floor before leaving, __9__ will take a picture of the nests in the area __10__ (two) a day for the next two years. They hope the pictures from this camera will help them learn more about the lives of the icefish.
UNIT 2 课时检测(四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为大林鸮猫头鹰入侵了斑点猫头鹰的生活领地，导致斑点猫头鹰数量下降，于是政府官员决定采取一系列的措施杀死大林鸮猫头鹰来拯救斑点猫头鹰。
1．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In parts of ... enemy.”可知，斑点猫头鹰的主要问题是它们的领地被另一种猫头鹰入侵了。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段中“He and other officials ...owls.”可知，大林鸮猫头鹰被杀死是因为它们是斑点猫头鹰最大的敌人，它们的大量存在使斑点猫头鹰处于危险之中。
3．选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“He and other officials ... owls.”以及最后一段内容可知，官员们安装数字鸟类呼叫器是为了杀死大林鸮猫头鹰。
4．选D 标题归纳题。根据第三段中“He and other ... owls.”以及文章其他段落可知，文章主要围绕着政府官员如何杀死大林鸮猫头鹰来拯救斑点猫头鹰来展开。由此可知，D选项可概括全文主要内容，作为文章标题最合适。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和Isaiah 在湖边钓鱼时，救助了一只被鱼钩和渔线困住的潜鸟的故事。
5．选A 根据下文中的“some great northern loons (潜鸟) gathering closely together not far away”可推知，作者是看到了这个场景。spot“看见”；trap“使困住”；sense“感觉到”；monitor “监测”。故选A。
6．选C 根据下文中的“but here were five”可知，此处语义有转折，故可推知，通常潜鸟独自飞行。alone“独自”符合语境，故选C。
7．选B 根据第二段中的“a shiny hook(鱼钩)in its body and a fishing line tightly around its________”和空后的“and making sounds”可知，此处表示一只在鸣叫、发出声响的潜鸟向作者和 Isaiah 游去。故选B。
8．选D 根据下文中“Isaiah，biting on his lower lip, slowly cut the line away from its neck”可知，潜鸟的脖子上紧紧地绕着一条渔线。故选D。
9．选A 根据上文中的“I could see a shiny hook(鱼钩)in its body and a fishing line tightly around its__________”可知，这只潜鸟受伤了，遇到了麻烦，因此请求作者他们的帮助。故选A。
10．选B 根据常识及下文“I picked up the loon and took it __________ under its wings”可推知，作者把潜鸟捡起来之前，应是先伸手去摸它的头，进行安抚。故选B。
11．选B 根据上文内容可知，这只潜鸟受伤了，因此作者应是轻轻地拿着。故选B。
12．选D 根据下文中的“afraid that it might __________ me with its beak”可知，作者内心很害怕，因此心在急速跳动。 race“(因害怕、兴奋等)急速跳动”。故选D。
13．选C 根据下文“it hadn't used its beak to attack me”可知，此处表示作者害怕这只潜鸟会用喙攻击自己。故选C。
14．选A 根据上文中的“But the loon was silent”可知，此处语义有转折。上文提到作者担心潜鸟会攻击他，故此处应表示它却很安静，而且静止不动。still“静止的，不动的”。故选A。
15．选A 根据上文中的“Isaiah, biting on his lower lip, slowly cut the line away from its neck”可知，Isaiah在非常紧张和细致地帮助这只潜鸟，因此free“解开”符合语境，表示把鱼钩从潜鸟的身体上取下来。故选A。
16．选B 根据下文“it hadn't used its beak to attack me”可知，潜鸟没有用它的喙来攻击作者，因此作者对它表示感激。故选B。
17．选C 根据下文“the bird on the water”可推知，作者他们救助完这只潜鸟后，把它重新放回水面上。get rid of“摆脱”；hold on to“抓住”；set down“放下”；put aside“不考虑”。故选 C。
18．选D 上文讲述了作者和Isaiah帮助了这只潜鸟，取下了渔线和鱼钩，这只潜鸟脱困了，故它应该会高兴地挥动着翅膀。故选D。
19．选C 根据上文内容可知，作者和Isaiah 帮助取下了困住潜鸟的渔线和鱼钩，救(saved)了它。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在南极海底探险时发现了比以往任何时候都多的鱼巢。
1．than 考查比较连词。根据前文比较级larger可知，此处应用比较连词than。
2．amazed 考查形容词。根据前文scientists were可知，此处应用其以 ed结尾的形容词作表语，修饰人。故填amazed。
3．largest 考查形容词最高级。根据句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。
4．to discover 考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词first等修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。
5．trying 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语，动词try和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语。故填trying。
6．a 考查冠词。可数名词circle为泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，且其发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7．are spotted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意和时间状语Usually可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；谓语动词spot和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，故填are spotted。
8．fixed 考查非谓语动词。动词fix和名词Trackers之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填fixed。
9．which 考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为camera，指代事物，应用关系代词which引导，which在从句中作主语。
10．twice 考查副词。根据句意及a day可知，此处应用表示次数的副词twice作状语。
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