(共64张PPT)
把握单元 素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是历史和传统，涉及多个国家的悠久历史和文化传统等内容。了解这些国家特有的文化传统和风俗习惯，对学生理解英语语言、世界重要文明的历史文化内涵及其蕴含的思维方式、介绍并传播中国文化、正确认识和理解他国文化以及增强文化自信，具有重要的意义。
语法项目 学习和掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。
续表
语言输入 听 能够通过上下文推测英语习语的含义；能够准确理解听力文本内容。
读 通过阅读记述英国历史及地理概况的说明性文本，能够有效获取和梳理信息；阅读和理解景物描写文段所蕴含的深层含义和作者情感，掌握其语言特征和修辞手法。
看 能够从地图中获取相关的地理文化信息。
续表
语言输出 写 能够对熟悉地点的景物等进行比较生动、细致的描写。
说 能够在日常交际中自然得体地表达兴奋、惊讶、失望等情感。
Section Ⅰ
Listening and Speaking
目 录
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
听力发掘训练
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．the Confucius Temple ______________
2．Achilles' heel ___________
3．a descendant of Confucius __________
夫子庙；孔庙
致命的弱点
孔子后裔
4．the relationship between learning and reflecting
__________________
5．the Dacheng Hall ________
6．the Cemetery of Confucius _______
7．the Kong Family Mansion _______
学习与反思的关系
大成殿
孔林
孔府
8．a fish out of water ___________________________
9．__________ 顺便问一下
10．__________ 不擅长
11．____________ 与某人开玩笑
12．____________ 与……有关系
13．__________ 家谱
14．_____________ 对……表示敬意
离水之鱼；不自在；感到别扭
by the way
be bad with
pull one's leg
be related to
family tree
pay respects to
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is William bad at according to the conversation
A．English.
B．Maps.
C．British history.
√
2．What does “pulling my leg” mean according to the conversation
A．Joke with someone.
B．Try to pull someone.
C．Prevent someone.
√
3．What is Xiao Kong doing a research project on
A．Confucius' family tree.
B．British culture.
C．Confucius' ideas on education.
√
4．Where is William's hometown
A．Qufu.
B．New York.
C．Stratford-upon-Avon.
√
5．Why is the Dacheng Hall the tallest building in Qufu
A．To show respect for Confucius.
B．Because it is difficult to build taller buildings.
C．Because a taller building is costly.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Oh, it means that something is my weakness — I'm _________
____________!
2．You know, Confucius was a great educator, and he __________
_________________________.
really bad
with maps
had many
great ideas about education
3．He believed___________________________________________.
4．_____________________ — Confucius and Shakespeare, two of the greatest minds in history!
5．I really want to visit the UK —_____________________British history and culture.
6．And ___________________________________somewhere to get my watch fixed.
that learning without reflecting leads to confusion
What a coincidence
I'm really interested in
it would be great if you could take me
四、主题表达训练
根据听力文本中有关孔子的内容并结合自身相关知识，完成以下介绍孔子的语篇。
Qufu in Shandong Province is ①_________________________ (孔子的故乡), founder of the Confucian school of philosophy. There are many cultural sites, among which the most famous are the Mansion，the Temple and the Cemetery of Confucius.
the hometown of Confucius
Confucius ②___________ (属于) the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He founded the philosophy “Confucianism”. Confucianism states that ③____________________________________
_______________________ (通过自身教育，热爱家庭，尊重传统), you could become a better person. During his lifetime，
belonged to
by educating yourself, loving your family,
and respecting tradition
Confucius traveled and taught the people about ④________________
________________________________(自律和教育的重要性). He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals. Today, ⑤_____________________________________ (全世界都在颂扬孔子) for his philosophy of education, equality, and peace over war, money, and injustice.
self-discipline and
the importance of education
Confucius is celebrated all over the world
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
(一)理解习语
习语一般指由几个单词组合在一起、具有特定意义的词组，其蕴含的意义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。习语通常包括成语、俗语、格言、歇后语、谚语、俚语、行话等，一般表现形式优美，音律协调，或含蓄幽默，或严肃典雅，言简意赅，形象生动，妙趣横生，给人一种美的享受。习语是语言的精华，常带有浓厚的民族色彩，并蕴含着鲜明的文化内涵。我们可以通过上下文来理解和掌握一些常见的习语，从而促进英语的学习。
[典例] (2023·山东1月高考听力)
W：Sure. I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago. And I have to manage a staff of 12 people. It can be quite a difficult situation sometimes. That's why I am here today.
M：Same here. I only have seven people reporting to me. Yet, sometimes I feel like pulling my hair out. I need to find a way to create harmony within my department.
[分析] 习语“pull one's hair out”所在语境的意义：我只有七个人向我报告。然而，我有时候感觉有点焦虑。我需要找到在我的部门内创造和谐的方法。由语境意义可知“pull one's hair out”意为“焦虑；发愁”。
(二)连读的发音规则
一般来说，相邻的两个单词属于同一意群时，前一词末尾的某些音素和后一词词首的某些音素，可以连起来读。连读在语言交际中比较常见，正确、自然地连读是语言流畅性的重要体现。需要注意的是，连读的前提条件是相邻的两个词必须属于同一个意群，否则不能连读。以下是几种常见的连读情况。
1. 辅音+元音
2. r/re+元音
3. 元音+元音
|多积主题表达|
1．birthplace n． 发祥地
2．best-preserved adj. 保存最完好的
3．original site 原址
4．ancient capital 古都
5．ancient times 远古时代
6．primitive society 原始社会
7．up till now 迄今为止
8．date back to 追溯到
9．with a long history 历史悠久
10．at the beginning of ... century 在……世纪初
11．imperial palace 帝王宫殿
12．be named after ... 以……命名
13．historic figures 历史人物
14．one of the four ancient civilizations 四大文明古国之一
15．the history of human civilization 人类文明史
新知深化学习
With some hesitation and an uncertain smile, she held out her hand.
带着一些犹豫和迟疑的微笑，她把手伸了出去。
To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person.
为了展示这一点，她举起一根筷子用来代表一个人。
归纳点拨
hold on to 抓住；坚持下去
hold up 举起；耽搁
hold back 退缩；阻止
hold out 伸出
|应|用|融|会|(完成句子)
①She smiled and _______________in welcome.
她笑着并伸出一只手表示欢迎。
②So I told myself I would also make a difference if I could__________________________.
所以我告诉自己，如果我能坚持更长时间，我也会有所作为。
held out a hand
hold on for a longer time
③She ____________________to her lips to ask for silence.
她竖起手指放到嘴唇上，要求保持沉默。
④She closed her eyes tightly in an attempt to_________________.
她紧紧地闭上眼睛，试图忍住眼泪。
held up a finger
hold back the tears
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．___________ (孔子)said in thousands of years ago，“To meet friends from a place far away, how happy we are！”
2．Tai Chi carries traditional Chinese ____________(哲学), such as being in harmony with nature and using softness to beat hardness.
Confucius
philosophy
3．They are _____________(后代) of the original English and Scottish settlers.
4．One special thing about the code is the part about __________
(个人的) rights.
5．Her Achilles' ________(脚跟) is that she doesn't have a strong will to achieve her goal.
descendants
individual
heel
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It was an act of kindness that led ______a friendship and memories that will last a lifetime.
2．The pronunciation is fine with me, and its vocabulary is similar ______English.
3．The guide will give ______introduction of the history and significance of the Forbidden City.
to
to
an
4．Michael held ______to his father's arm, losing himself in the music.
5．Some ______________(individual) are born with a gift for public speaking.
on
individuals
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Confucius, a famous teacher, was a politician and philosopher who lived in “Spring and Autumn Period”. During his lifetime, he planted the seeds for China's transformation by teaching thousands of people. Today, he is thought to be one of the world's greatest teachers.
Confucius grew up in a poor family. As he grew up, Confucius worked to help his mother earn money. When he wasn't working, he would read. His favorite thing to do was to learn. His mother saw this and did her best to help him learn. One day, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money and keeping track of their crops.
Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more. He didn't like the way rulers treated their subjects. He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was. Later, he founded the philosophy “Confucianism”. Confucianism states that by educating yourself, loving your family, and respecting tradition you could become a better person.
Confucius believed a person could achieve these things by practicing self-discipline. For the rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught the people of China about self-discipline and the importance of education. He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals. Although he became very famous among China's lower classes, the rulers of China never accepted his teachings. Eventually, his philosophy of self-discipline helped China unite under one ruler and finally find peace. Today, Confucius is celebrated all over the world for his philosophy of education, equality, and peace over war, money, and injustice.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了春秋时期的政治家和哲学家孔子，介绍了孔子的个人经历，以及他的一些儒家思想。
1．What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Themes. B．Courses.
C．People. D．Tests.
√
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was.”可知，他想找到一种方法来帮助那些没有他幸运的人。再根据画线词所在句子中，ruler指的是“统治者”，可猜测subjects的意思是“人民”。
2．According to the author, why did Confucius open China's first school
A．To teach both the poor and the rich.
B．To become famous among China's lower classes.
C．To be accepted by the rulers of China.
D．To be celebrated all over the world.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals.”可知，孔子开办中国第一所学校是为了既教穷人也教富人。
3．What can we know about Confucius from the text
A．He was once a farmer guiding people farming.
B．He was born in a politician family.
C．He once acted as a math teacher.
D．He devoted himself to social change.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“在他的一生中，他教导了成千上万的人，为中国的变革播下了种子”可知，孔子致力于社会变革。
4．What is the author's attitude towards Confucianism
A．Doubtful. B．Supportive.
C．Disappointed. D．Uncertain.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句“最终，他的自律哲学帮助中国统一在一个统治者之下，最终找到了和平。今天，孔子因其教育、平等、和平而不是战争、金钱和不公的哲学而受到全世界的颂扬”可推知，作者对儒家思想的态度是支持的。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In 2001, UNESCO declared 21 May as UN World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development. The day's not intended to find out the uniqueness of different cultures, separating them from each other. 5 Here are a few modest and simple ways to mark the occasion.
Visiting an exhibition or a museum dedicated to other cultures comes first since it may inspire you to create something yourself, and heighten your desire to learn about a new topic or culture. 6 For example, you can see the British Museum's collection online, and the National Gallery has a digital tour of 18 rooms that lets you get up close to the paintings.
7 It's a great way to expand your knowledge of the world. Many traditional folk tales have universal themes, but at the same time, shine a light on particular aspects of another culture. So now might be a great time to dive into the storybooks and read folk tales.
There is perhaps no better way to experience another culture than listening to music. Even if you don't understand the words, you can still hear the influence of other cultures. You could allow yourself to discover music from every corner of the globe on forums. 8 After all, series of music are on the air, often with strong international influences.
It never goes without mentioning language while embracing culture diversity. It is relatively easy to have a go at trying a new language through the many smartphone apps or through an online language exchange. 9
A．Or you could listen to radio programme.
B．In short, it's never too late to learn a language.
C．You could also appreciate music in foreign films.
D．Remember language serves as a reflection and carrier of culture.
E．Learning about traditional stories from other cultures won't disappoint you.
F．Even if you can't visit a museum at first hand, you can select virtual exhibitions.
G．Instead, it's a chance to unfold the similarities and celebrate the cultural diversity.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些纪念联合国世界文化多样性促进对话和发展日的朴素而简单的方法。
5．选G 前文介绍联合国世界文化多样性促进对话和发展日的节日意义并非分离不同文化，因此G项“相反，这是一个展示相似之处和庆祝文化多样性的机会。”符合语境，指出其意义是展示相似之处和庆祝文化多样性，承接前文，其中的similarities和前文的uniqueness形成对比。
6．选F 前文建议去参观其他文化的展览或博物馆，并说明其作用，后文举例说明可以在网上看展览，因此F项“即使你不能亲自参观博物馆，你也可以选择虚拟展览。”符合语境，指出不能亲自看展览的替代性解决方法，承上启下，其中的virtual与后文的online以及digital呼应。
7．选E 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“It's a great way to ...aspects of another culture.”可知，本段主要介绍了解传统民间故事的好处和意义，因此E项“学习其他文化的传统故事不会让你失望。”符合语境，建议学习其他文化的传统故事，契合后文内容，其中的Learning about traditional stories from other cultures是后文It指代的对象。
8．选A 前文建议通过听音乐来体验另一种文化，并介绍发现音乐的方法，后文“After all series of music are on the air, often with strong international influences.”指出有很多在播出的音乐，因此A项“或者你可以听广播节目。”符合语境，和前文的通过论坛发现音乐是选择关系，后文是对选项内容的补充说明。
9．选D 前文介绍学习新语言的渠道，因此D项“记住，语言是文化的反映和载体。”符合语境，强调语言对文化的作用。
Ⅲ.主题微写作
选用下面方框中的词汇补全关于对英国历史的介绍。
leave， add， join， result， explore， refer， enjoy， make， tradition， short
Knowing a little bit about British history will help you tell the difference between the meanings of the names of the UK. In the 16th century, Wales ①_________to the Kingdom of England, and Scotland, too, in the 18th century. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland
was joined
②_____________to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, ③___________ in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people use the ④___________ name: “the United Kingdom” and it is also often ⑤___________to as Britain or Great Britain.
was added
resulting
shortened
referred
The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history ⑥__________ ;
four different groups of people took over it at different times throughout history and ⑦_____ behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across the UK and so on. Studying the history of the country ⑧_______ your visit much more ⑨________. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture with both new and old ⑩____________.
to explore
left
makes
enjoyable
traditions
把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是历史和传统，涉及多个国家的悠久历史和文化传统等内容。了解这些国家特有的文化传统和风俗习惯，对学生理解英语语言、世界重要文明的历史文化内涵及其蕴含的思维方式、介绍并传播中国文化、正确认识和理解他国文化以及增强文化自信，具有重要的意义。
语法项目 学习和掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。
语言输入 听 能够通过上下文推测英语习语的含义；能够准确理解听力文本内容。
读 通过阅读记述英国历史及地理概况的说明性文本，能够有效获取和梳理信息；阅读和理解景物描写文段所蕴含的深层含义和作者情感，掌握其语言特征和修辞手法。
看 能够从地图中获取相关的地理文化信息。
语言输出 写 能够对熟悉地点的景物等进行比较生动、细致的描写。
说 能够在日常交际中自然得体地表达兴奋、惊讶、失望等情感。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．the Confucius Temple ______________
2．Achilles' heel ______________
3．a descendant of Confucius ______________
4．the relationship between learning and reflecting ______________
5．the Dacheng Hall ______________
6．the Cemetery of Confucius ______________
7．the Kong Family Mansion ______________
8．a fish out of water ______________
9．______________ 顺便问一下
10．______________ 不擅长
11．______________ 与某人开玩笑
12．______________ 与……有关系
13．______________ 家谱
14．______________ 对……表示敬意
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is William bad at according to the conversation？( )
A．English. B．Maps. C．British history.
2．What does “pulling my leg” mean according to the conversation？( )
A．Joke with someone.
B．Try to pull someone.
C．Prevent someone.
3．What is Xiao Kong doing a research project on？( )
A．Confucius' family tree.
B．British culture.
C．Confucius' ideas on education.
4．Where is William's hometown？( )
A．Qufu.
B．New York.
C．Stratford upon Avon.
5．Why is the Dacheng Hall the tallest building in Qufu？( )
A．To show respect for Confucius.
B．Because it is difficult to build taller buildings.
C．Because a taller building is costly.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Oh, it means that something is my weakness — I'm ____________________________！
2．You know, Confucius was a great educator, and he ________________________________________________________________________.
3．He believed ________________________________________________.
4．________________ — Confucius and Shakespeare, two of the greatest minds in history!
5．I really want to visit the UK — ________________________ British history and culture.
6．And ______________________________ somewhere to get my watch fixed.
四、主题表达训练
根据听力文本中有关孔子的内容并结合自身相关知识，完成以下介绍孔子的语篇。
Qufu in Shandong Province is ①________________________________ (孔子的故乡), founder of the Confucian school of philosophy. There are many cultural sites, among which the most famous are the Mansion, the Temple and the Cemetery of Confucius.
Confucius ②________________ (属于) the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He founded the philosophy “Confucianism”. Confucianism states that ③______________________________________________________ (通过自身教育，热爱家庭，尊重传统), you could become a better person. During his lifetime，Confucius traveled and taught the people about ④____________________________________ (自律和教育的重要性). He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals. Today, ⑤__________________________________ (全世界都在颂扬孔子) for his philosophy of education, equality, and peace over war, money, and injustice.
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
(一)理解习语
习语一般指由几个单词组合在一起、具有特定意义的词组，其蕴含的意义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。习语通常包括成语、俗语、格言、歇后语、谚语、俚语、行话等，一般表现形式优美，音律协调，或含蓄幽默，或严肃典雅，言简意赅，形象生动，妙趣横生，给人一种美的享受。习语是语言的精华，常带有浓厚的民族色彩，并蕴含着鲜明的文化内涵。我们可以通过上下文来理解和掌握一些常见的习语，从而促进英语的学习。
[典例] (2023·山东1月高考听力)
W：Sure. I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago. And I have to manage a staff of 12 people. It can be quite a difficult situation sometimes. That's why I am here today.
M：Same here. I only have seven people reporting to me. Yet, sometimes I feel like pulling my hair out. I need to find a way to create harmony within my department.
[分析] 习语“pull one's hair out”所在语境的意义：我只有七个人向我报告。然而，我有时候感觉有点焦虑。我需要找到在我的部门内创造和谐的方法。由语境意义可知“pull one's hair out”意为“焦虑；发愁”。
(二)连读的发音规则
一般来说，相邻的两个单词属于同一意群时，前一词末尾的某些音素和后一词词首的某些音素，可以连起来读。连读在语言交际中比较常见，正确、自然地连读是语言流畅性的重要体现。需要注意的是，连读的前提条件是相邻的两个词必须属于同一个意群，否则不能连读。以下是几种常见的连读情况。
1．辅音＋元音
相邻的两词中，前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头时，一般将辅音和元音连起来读。如：
the photos.
powerful prepositions
2．r/re＋元音
前一个词以 r或 re结尾，后一个词以元音开头，此时r或re要发/r/音，并与其后的元音连读。如：
many kids.
3．元音＋元音
前一个词以/I/或/i?/结尾，后一个词以元音开头时，添加/j/后连读；前一个词以/?/或/u?/结尾，后一个词以元音开头，添加/w/后连读。如：
I agree. /??ri?/
Go out of the room. /?? ?w?a? v ?ru?m/
|多积主题表达|
1．birthplace n． 发祥地
2．best preserved adj. 保存最完好的
3．original site 原址
4．ancient capital 古都
5．ancient times 远古时代
6．primitive society 原始社会
7．up till now 迄今为止
8．date back to 追溯到
9．with a long history 历史悠久
10．at the beginning of ... century 在……世纪初
11．imperial palace 帝王宫殿
12．be named after ... 以……命名
13．historic figures 历史人物
14．one of the four ancient civilizations 四大文明古国之一
15．the history of human civilization 人类文明史
★hold on 坚持；继续；握住；别挂断
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”写作佳句)David held on for a while and then he dragged his legs with inner firmness.
大卫坚持了一会儿，然后内心坚定地拖着双腿前行。
With some hesitation and an uncertain smile, she held out her hand.
带着一些犹豫和迟疑的微笑，她把手伸了出去。
To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person.
为了展示这一点，她举起一根筷子用来代表一个人。
hold on to 抓住；坚持下去
hold up 举起；耽搁
hold back 退缩；阻止
hold out 伸出
|应|用|融|会|(完成句子)
①She smiled and ________________________in welcome.
她笑着并伸出一只手表示欢迎。
②So I told myself I would also make a difference if I could _____________________________________________________________________.
所以我告诉自己，如果我能坚持更长时间，我也会有所作为。
③She ________________________ to her lips to ask for silence.
她竖起手指放到嘴唇上，要求保持沉默。
④She closed her eyes tightly in an attempt to ______________________.
她紧紧地闭上眼睛，试图忍住眼泪。
Section Ⅰ
听力发掘训练
一、1.夫子庙；孔庙 2.致命的弱点 3.孔子后裔
4．学习与反思的关系 5.大成殿 6.孔林 7.孔府
8．离水之鱼；不自在；感到别扭 9.by the way
10．be bad with 11.pull one's leg 12.be related to
13．family tree 14.pay respects to
二、1～5 BACCA
三、1.really bad with maps
2．had many great ideas about education
3．that learning without reflecting leads to confusion
4．What a coincidence 5.I'm really interested in
6．it would be great if you could take me
四、①the hometown of Confucius ②belonged to
③by educating yourself, loving your family, and respecting tradition ④selfdiscipline and the importance of education ⑤Confucius is celebrated all over the world
新知深化学习
①held out a hand ②hold on for a longer time
③held up a finger ④hold back the tears
1UNIT 4 课时检测(一) Listening and Speaking
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．__________ (孔子) said in thousands of years ago，“To meet friends from a place far away, how happy we are！”
2．Tai Chi carries traditional Chinese __________ (哲学), such as being in harmony with nature and using softness to beat hardness.
3．They are __________(后代) of the original English and Scottish settlers.
4．One special thing about the code is the part about __________ (个人的) rights.
5．Her Achilles' __________ (脚跟) is that she doesn't have a strong will to achieve her goal.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It was an act of kindness that led __________ a friendship and memories that will last a lifetime.
2．The pronunciation is fine with me, and its vocabulary is similar __________ English.
3．The guide will give __________introduction of the history and significance of the Forbidden City.
4．Michael held __________ to his father's arm, losing himself in the music.
5．Some __________ (individual) are born with a gift for public speaking.
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Confucius, a famous teacher, was a politician and philosopher who lived in “Spring and Autumn Period”. During his lifetime, he planted the seeds for China's transformation by teaching thousands of people. Today, he is thought to be one of the world's greatest teachers.
Confucius grew up in a poor family. As he grew up, Confucius worked to help his mother earn money. When he wasn't working, he would read. His favorite thing to do was to learn. His mother saw this and did her best to help him learn. One day, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money and keeping track of their crops.
Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more. He didn't like the way rulers treated their subjects. He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was. Later, he founded the philosophy “Confucianism”. Confucianism states that by educating yourself, loving your family, and respecting tradition you could become a better person. Confucius believed a person could achieve these things by practicing self discipline. For the rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught the people of China about self discipline and the importance of education. He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals. Although he became very famous among China's lower classes, the rulers of China never accepted his teachings. Eventually, his philosophy of self discipline helped China unite under one ruler and finally find peace. Today, Confucius is celebrated all over the world for his philosophy of education, equality, and peace over war, money, and injustice.
1．What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Themes. B．Courses.
C．People. D．Tests.
2．According to the author, why did Confucius open China's first school
A．To teach both the poor and the rich.
B．To become famous among China's lower classes.
C．To be accepted by the rulers of China.
D．To be celebrated all over the world.
3．What can we know about Confucius from the text
A．He was once a farmer guiding people farming.
B．He was born in a politician family.
C．He once acted as a math teacher.
D．He devoted himself to social change.
4．What is the author's attitude towards Confucianism
A．Doubtful. B．Supportive.
C．Disappointed. D．Uncertain.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In 2001, UNESCO declared 21 May as UN World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development. The day's not intended to find out the uniqueness of different cultures, separating them from each other.__5__Here are a few modest and simple ways to mark the occasion.
Visiting an exhibition or a museum dedicated to other cultures comes first since it may inspire you to create something yourself, and heighten your desire to learn about a new topic or culture.__6__ For example, you can see the British Museum's collection online, and the National Gallery has a digital tour of 18 rooms that lets you get up close to the paintings.
__7__ It's a great way to expand your knowledge of the world. Many traditional folk tales have universal themes, but at the same time, shine a light on particular aspects of another culture. So now might be a great time to dive into the storybooks and read folk tales.
There is perhaps no better way to experience another culture than listening to music. Even if you don't understand the words, you can still hear the influence of other cultures. You could allow yourself to discover music from every corner of the globe on forums. __8___ After all, series of music are on the air, often with strong international influences.
It never goes without mentioning language while embracing culture diversity. It is relatively easy to have a go at trying a new language through the many smartphone apps or through an online language exchange.__9__
A．Or you could listen to radio programme.
B．In short, it's never too late to learn a language.
C．You could also appreciate music in foreign films.
D．Remember language serves as a reflection and carrier of culture.
E．Learning about traditional stories from other cultures won't disappoint you.
F．Even if you can't visit a museum at first hand, you can select virtual exhibitions.
G．Instead, it's a chance to unfold the similarities and celebrate the cultural diversity.
Ⅲ.主题微写作
选用下面方框中的词汇补全关于对英国历史的介绍。
Knowing a little bit about British history will help you tell the difference between the meanings of the names of the UK. In the 16th century, Wales ①______________ to the Kingdom of England, and Scotland, too, in the 18th century. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland ②______________ to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, ③__________ in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people use the ④__________ name: “the United Kingdom” and it is also often ⑤________________ to as Britain or Great Britain. The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history ⑥______________； four different groups of people took over it at different times throughout history and ⑦__________ behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across the UK and so on. Studying the history of the country ⑧__________ your visit much more ⑨__________. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture with both new and old ⑩__________
UNIT 4 课时检测(一)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.Confucius 2.philosophy 3.descendants 4.individual 5.heel
Ⅱ.1.to 2.to 3.an 4.on 5.individuals
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了春秋时期的政治家和哲学家孔子，介绍了孔子的个人经历，以及他的一些儒家思想。
1．选C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was.”可知，他想找到一种方法来帮助那些没有他幸运的人。再根据画线词所在句子中，ruler指的是“统治者”，可猜测subjects的意思是“人民”。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals.”可知，孔子开办中国第一所学校是为了既教穷人也教富人。
3．选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“在他的一生中，他教导了成千上万的人，为中国的变革播下了种子”可知，孔子致力于社会变革。
4．选B 观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句“最终，他的自律哲学帮助中国统一在一个统治者之下，最终找到了和平。今天，孔子因其教育、平等、和平而不是战争、金钱和不公的哲学而受到全世界的颂扬”可推知，作者对儒家思想的态度是支持的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些纪念联合国世界文化多样性促进对话和发展日的朴素而简单的方法。
5．选G 前文介绍联合国世界文化多样性促进对话和发展日的节日意义并非分离不同文化，因此G项“相反，这是一个展示相似之处和庆祝文化多样性的机会。”符合语境，指出其意义是展示相似之处和庆祝文化多样性，承接前文，其中的similarities和前文的uniqueness形成对比。
6．选F 前文建议去参观其他文化的展览或博物馆，并说明其作用，后文举例说明可以在网上看展览，因此F项“即使你不能亲自参观博物馆，你也可以选择虚拟展览。”符合语境，指出不能亲自看展览的替代性解决方法，承上启下，其中的virtual与后文的online以及digital呼应。
7．选E 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“It's a great way to ...aspects of another culture.”可知，本段主要介绍了解传统民间故事的好处和意义，因此E项“学习其他文化的传统故事不会让你失望。”符合语境，建议学习其他文化的传统故事，契合后文内容，其中的Learning about traditional stories from other cultures是后文It指代的对象。
8．选A 前文建议通过听音乐来体验另一种文化，并介绍发现音乐的方法，后文“After all series of music are on the air, often with strong international influences.”指出有很多在播出的音乐，因此A项“或者你可以听广播节目。”符合语境，和前文的通过论坛发现音乐是选择关系，后文是对选项内容的补充说明。
9．选D 前文介绍学习新语言的渠道，因此D项“记住，语言是文化的反映和载体。”符合语境，强调语言对文化的作用。
Ⅲ.主题微写作
①was joined ②was added ③resulting ④shortened
⑤referred ⑥to explore ⑦left ⑧makes ⑨enjoyable ⑩traditions
1
