UNIT 2 Iconic Attractions 单元仿真验收性评价（含解析）高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册
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| 名称 | UNIT 2 Iconic Attractions 单元仿真验收性评价（含解析）高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册 |  | |
| 格式 | DOC | ||
| 文件大小 | 118.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-08-10 13:13:27 | ||
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UNIT 2 单元仿真验收性评价
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Copenhagen is an ideal destination for food loving travellers, but there are many gastronomic (美食的) adventures that await visitors outside this capital city of Denmark.Here are some experiences in the capital and beyond.
Enjoy a Baltic beach relaxation in Bornholm
Beloved by Danes for its sandy beaches and fishing harbours, the island of Bornholm is distinguished by more sunshine time than anywhere else in the country.It's an attractive dining destination, with traditional smokehouses offering local delicacies.But it's Kadeau, a restaurant, that really puts Bornholm on the food map.
Have some street food in Copenhagen
Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen.Found in the former industrial site of Refshaleen, this street food market is an exciting hangout with a rainbow of cuisines from Thai to Kurdish.Just across a river, Torvehallerne is the place for a bite.Further south, BaneGaarden is hidden in leafy railway sidings at Vesterbro, and offers soul food from the Deep South of the US.
Take a getaway at a castle in Zealand
On the island, one of Denmark's oldest castles overlooks the scenic northwest coast.The beautiful 13th century Dragsholm Slot is now a luxury hotel with one of the most well known restaurants in Zealand — Dragsholm Slot Gourmet.It holds a Michelin star, led by chef Jeppe Foldager who serves seasonal cuisine with materials farmed and hunted from the surrounding fields, forests and sea.For a less pricey meal, the castle has the farm to table Bistro and casual Madhus, where visitors can enjoy drinks, snacks and light meals.
1．What makes Bornholm unique in Denmark
A．The longer sunshine hours.
B．The traditional Dane foods.
C．The attractive smokehouses.
D．The beautiful seaside scenery.
2．Which place offers worldwide food options
A．Kadeau. B．Reffen.
C．Torvehallerne. D．BaneGaarden.
3．What do we know about Dragsholm Slot Gourmet
A．It was once a castle. B．It features light meals.
C．It offers locally grown food. D．It is famous in Denmark.
B
A message stick was a form of ancient and often non verbal communication that originated in Australia, particularly among Aboriginal people. It consisted of a wooden stick inscribed (刻) with designs and symbols. These objects were relayed by couriers (信使) between various regions and tribes and thus functioned as a means of cross cultural communication. In modern times, a message stick might still be used for communication purposes, or it might serve as an Aboriginal cultural symbol containing important and significant designs.
“Aboriginal” is a term that refers to people who are believed to be the first known in habitants of a region and in this case, it is used to describe several subgroups of native Australians. Each group might have its own unique customs and languages. They were often divided by tribes, so these groups needed a means to communicate. Message sticks were first devised for this purpose.
The stick itself was often made of the wood of native Australian trees such as black wattles. Messages were placed on the sticks using a variety of methods, including carving, painting or burning symbols into the wood. The markings usually consisted of wordless symbols that had to be translated by the courier. This messenger was thus usually a physically fit younger man who had the mental sharpness to properly convey message details.
Message sticks functioned as a sort of neutral territory between tribes. Couriers were granted safe passage and safe harbor, even if they came from an enemy land. Sometimes, the method of delivery consisted of a single courier carrying a message stick from tribe to tribe. Other methods included one tribe began a passing process amongst tribes, with each tribe using its own courier to convey the message to the next tribe.
This object also has survived as part of Australian cultural celebrations. Some schools, for example, design and transport message sticks as a means of learning about the past. In addition, the term “message stick” is often used in Australian lingo as a reference to other communication forms such as newspapers or radio broadcasts.
4．For what purpose did Aboriginal people use a message stick
A．To convey messages secretly.
B．To give identification of a messenger.
C．To show Aboriginal designs and symbols.
D．To make communication across different tribes.
5．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．What “Aboriginal” really means.
B．Why message sticks were created.
C．What native Australians' customs were.
D．How native Australians lived by groups.
6．What would happen if a courier entered an enemy tribe
A．He would be killed.
B．He would be let go.
C．He would be driven out.
D．He would be greatly respected.
7．Why do some Australian schools design and transport message sticks
A．To study the Aboriginal language.
B．To refer to newspapers and radios.
C．To learn about Aboriginal history.
D．To communicate among themselves.
C
Off the coast of northeastern Queensland, Australia, near Magnetic Island in Florence Bay, the Great Barrier Reef corals (大堡礁珊瑚) are having a baby boom.
“Every year there are more and more coral babies，” says Hillary Smith, an ecologist at James Cook University in Australia.
That's thanks to a simple but effective strategy for cleaning the region's coral reefs: “seaweeding”．Like weeding a garden, seaweeding involves pulling big handfuls of large algae (水藻) off reefs and taking them away.
Experts say getting climate change under control is key to keeping the world's reefs healthy.But meanwhile, local efforts such as seaweeding can help corals grow and reduce the effects of climate change.
The health of coral reefs around the world is dire:_By 2050, 95 percent of the world's coral could experience heat stress, according to a 2020 report by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network.Algae is a big problem: Already, algae cover has increased on two thirds of reefs around the world, and one study published in 2021 showed that half the world's coral reefs have died since the 1950s.Removing seaweed from reefs requires a great deal of work but is not complex, making it a good project for citizen scientists eager to help restore reefs.
When the project first began in 2018, Smith says researchers weren't sure if removing seaweed would benefit the reef or if removal might have the opposite effect in some way.But now, “It's all looking really positive for the reef，” she says.
Volunteers are ready and waiting to help near Townsville and at other affected Australian reefs, says the Earthwatch Institute's Fiona Wilson.“We need lots of willing hands to remove seaweed.It takes weeks of time，”she says.“But obviously recovery of the Great Barrier Reef is a passion for many people, so we draw volunteers.”
8．What contributed to the growth of the Great Barrier Reef corals in Florence Bay
A．Local efforts to remove seaweed.
B．Reduced effects of climate change.
C．Fewer human activities in the region.
D．The use of new restoration technologies.
9．What does the underlined word “dire” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Strange. B．Acceptable.
C．Excellent. D．Terrible.
10．How did researchers feel about the project at first
A．They were hopeful of it.
B．They were excited about it.
C．They were uncertain about it.
D．They were uninterested in it.
11．What does Wilson say about the recovery of the Great Barrier Reef
A．It is still a long way off. B．It is less difficult than thought.
C．It will take hard work and skill. D．It attracts and needs volunteers.
D
Last year, in San Antonio, Dr Pascal Badiou carefully implanted (植入) an outer ear on a woman born without right ear.For Badiou, a recognized expert in the field, such a procedure would normally be routine.But this case had a unique aspect: For the first time, the ear he was implanting was the product of a 3D bioprinter using the woman's own cartilage (软骨) cells.
The ability to 3D print human organs is astonishing.Nearly 106,000 Americans are currently on waiting lists for organ donations, and 17 die each day while waiting, according to the federal Health Resources and Services Administration.A 3D bioprinting process that uses the patient's own cells to grow organs would potentially curb that waiting list.
In 3D bioprinting, the name of the game is cells.The process begins by generating the cells that researchers want to bioprint, which are then instructed to become organ specific cell types.The cells are then turned into a printable bio ink, mixing them with extra materials to give them a toothpaste like consistency (黏稠度)．The bio ink is loaded into syringes (注射器) and squeezed out of a nozzle (喷嘴)．Once it is finished, the printed tissue is sometimes connected to a pump that drives oxygen and nutrients through it.Given time, the tissue develops on its own and increases in both maturity and function.
“The 3D bioprinter gives you several advantages, ” says Atala, director of Wake Forest Institute.“Instead of making these tissues and organs by hand one at a time, you can automate the printer to do it.What's more, we can more precisely locate the cells where they're needed, and lower overall cost for the increased scale.And in terms of organ transplant, a new organ made of a patient's own cells makes rejection far less likely.”
It sounds science fiction, but it's already happening.“I think that in 10 years we will have organs for transplantation，” says Atala.“We will start with simple organs like skin and cartilage, but then we'll move on to more complicated tissues — eventually the heart, liver, kidney.”
12．What makes the implant operation special
A．Humans first successfully implanted an outer ear.
B．It made Dr Badiou a recognized expert of his field.
C．The 3D bio printed product was used in implanting.
D．The implant procedure was designed by 3D technology.
13．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The advantages of 3D bioprinting.
B．The urgent need of 3D bioprinting.
C．The potential market of organ donations.
D．The increasing number of organ donations.
14．What can we learn about the process
A．The cells are mixed to increase consistency.
B．The printed tissue can develop itself by time.
C．3D bioprinter generates organ specific cell types.
D．The tissue drives oxygen and nutrients through a pump.
15．What can we infer from what Atala says
A．Lowering overall cost leads to the increased scale.
B．3D bioprinted organs minimize the risk of rejection.
C．More complicated tissues will replace simple organs.
D．3D bioprinter precisely locate the organs that are needed.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively.Experienced travelers will argue that more important than where they go on vacation is who they go with.__16__
Family travel is special and creates lasting memories, but it can also have some challenges.For one, the success of a trip often depends on the relationships that the family members have with one another.If two brothers do not get along at home, the chances are that they will fight during a vacation.__17__ If a family is traveling by air, purchasing plane tickets for everyone can be very expensive.
__18__ Close friends often have similar personalities, so they generally get along with each other and fight less than family members might on a trip.Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin the friendship.__19__ All in all, traveling with friends can be a positive experience that results in a great vacation and, likely, a stronger friendship.
Finally, people can choose to travel alone.Solo travelers can be more flexible with transportation than those traveling in a large group.__20__ And they also have better chances of getting a seat on buses or planes since they only need one.In addition, solo travelers are more likely to meet locals or other vacationers because they are more likely to want to talk with others.
A．They can change plans more easily.
B．Each person tends to cover his or her individual expenses.
C．Another potential problem of family travel is transportation.
D．Sightseeing and scheduling are not a problem for solo travelers.
E．In fact, friendships are often strengthened with the travel memories.
F．Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.
G．Vacations can be classified on the basis of who vacationers choose to travel with.
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mount Tai, located just north of Tai'an city in East China's Shandong Province, is a mountain of historical and cultural__21__， with impressive views and beautiful natural scenery.
Among the Five Sacred Mountains (the other four are Heng Mountain of Hunan Province, Hua Mountain of Shaanxi Province, Song Mountain of Henan Province and Heng Mountain of Shanxi Province), Mount Tai is only the third highest. Why is it seen as the__22__ of the Five Sacred Mountains
In absolute terms, Mount Tai cannot be considered as the highest of China's mountains, but because it is__23__ to the rivers and rises abruptly from the relatively low hills and plains, its __24__ height is quite impressive, with a(n)__25__ of over 1,300 meters. __26__， in Chinese culture east is regarded as a sacred direction, since it is where the sun and the moon rise. Therefore, Mount Tai is often regarded as the first of the Five Sacred Mountains. It is associated with sunrise, birth and__27__.
Many emperors climbed to the top for enthronement (登基) or other significant ceremonies in ancient times, for they considered it to be a __28__ of the power given by master of nature. The earliest activities could __29__ to the Xia Dynasty and the Shang Dynasty, so it __30__ a good many of cultural relics and historic sites. Famous writers, poets and celebrities were attracted here and thousands of poems and __31__ about Mount Tai are best known nowadays.
Mount Tai is famous for its various stone inscriptions, which are the works of either ancient emperors or celebrities. The stone inscriptions __32__ different bodies of calligraphy, and most of them are inscribed with beautiful diction, elegant writing style and __33__ design. Besides historic relics, Mount Tai also boasts unique natural scenery, and it is well known for its __34__. Overlapping mountains, gigantic rocks, centuries old pines and cypresses (柏树), and ever changing clouds make Mount Tai __35__ with brightness and peaceful with miracle. As a result, it attracts lots of tourists from the whole world.
21．A.evidence B．significance
C．confidence D．existence
22．A.partner B．member
C．leader D．laggard
23．A.close B．far
C．remote D．proper
24．A.absolute B．relative
C．real D．perfect
25．A.altitude B．width
C．longitude D．attitude
26．A.However B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Moreover
27．A.chance B．change
C．death D．renewal
28．A.gift B．symbol
C．beginning D．call
29．A.look at B．go through
C．look for D．go back
30．A.preserved B．ruined
C．collected D．hid
31．A.newspapers B．information
C．articles D．advertisements
32．A.combine B．change
C．stop D．increase
33．A.exciting B．famous
C．delicate D．rough
34．A.importance B．magnificence
C．possibility D．difference
35．A.powerless B．pale
C．weak D．forceful
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sometimes, nature has a way of throwing the unexpected at you, even when you thought you have seen everything.If you go to Gansu, China, you'll see such __36__ example.
__37__ (locate) at the northern foothills of Qilian Mountains, Rainbow Mountains (Zhangye National Geopark) is so called because it contains a sight unique __38__ that part of the world.Or to put it another way, hardly can you find one elsewhere in the world, as the impressive mountains, __39__ (stand) over 100 meters tall in places, have somehow been covered with spray paints of different colors.
Zhangye is the nearest city to Rainbow Mountains, and you can either choose a guided tour, or__40__ (simple) travel by car to the area, only around a 20 mile drive.You'll have three areas to choose from — the Linze Danxi a Scenic Area, which makes up the bulk of the park; Binggou, where the formations tend to be like melting ice __41__ (sculpture); and Sunan Danxia Scenic Area, which is less crowded than the other two but has fewer fully built roads, so you'd better go there under the __42__ (guide) of the local people.
The best time of the year __43__ (visit) is between June and September, when the mild weather should make walking comfortable, and it __44__ (recommend) to visit at either sunrise or sunset when the colors are at their most bright and changeable.This iconic attraction is the one __45__ stands in awe inspiring and unforgettable scenes.
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Selena计划暑假来中国旅行，写信请你推荐一个景点。请你给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1．推荐景点； 2.推荐理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was shy when I was thirteen.I was also what most teachers would call a “good kid”. I followed the rules and rarely questioned authority.But then one day, one single ride on a school bus changed all that.
The school bus that day was crowded, hot and smelly.The windows were all rolled up — the driver's order — it was simply raining too hard to have them down.My classmates were engaged in heated conversations and games.The driver had shouted at several kids who had been standing up in their seats and yelling.
I sat alone as usual, speaking to no one.Over and over, I carefully wiped a small circle through the cloud on my window so that I could look outside.People raced here and there, grasping umbrellas or covering their heads with jackets.
The bus stopped, waiting for an accident to clear.As I sat quietly, waiting and watching, I saw a kitty across the street on the other side of the road.He was all wet and didn't seem to know how to get out of the rain.I wanted to go to get the kitty, but I knew the bus driver, Mrs Foster, would never allow me off the bus.It was against the rules to even stand up.I also thought if I pointed out the pitiful cat, the other kids would probably think that I was weird (奇怪的), even weirder than they already thought I was.I didn't want things to get any worse than they were.
My window was cloudy again, and when I wiped it clear, I could see the kitty was struggling in what seemed to be a flooded river.He was now up to his neck in cold water, but his little front paws were holding on to the bars covering the storm drain (排水沟)．I saw absolute terror in his dark, round eyes.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。
Many thoughts raced through my mind.
Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting.
UNIT 2 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了丹麦哥本哈根及周边地区的美食体验，包括在Bornholm岛的海滩放松、在哥本哈根品尝街头美食，以及在西兰岛的城堡享受美食度假。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“博恩霍尔姆岛因其沙滩和渔港而受到丹麦人的喜爱，它的日照时间比丹麦其他任何地方都要多”可知，Bornholm有更长的光照。故选A。
2．选B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen.”可知，这里提供全球美食。故选B。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“如果想要便宜一点的餐点，城堡里还有从农场到餐桌的小酒馆和休闲餐厅Madhus，游客可以在那里享用饮料、小吃和便餐”可知，Dragsholm Slot Gourmet提供当地农场种植的食物。故选C。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚土著人使用的信息棒，它曾经是澳大利亚土著人之间传递信息的重要工具。
4．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后两句可知，澳大利亚土著人使用信息棒是为了不同的部落之间能够交流。
5．选B 段落大意题。综合分析第二段的信息可知，澳大利亚土著人部落间有自己独特的习俗和语言，因此他们需要用信息棒来交流，故本段主要说明信息棒产生的原因。
6．选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Couriers were granted safe passage and safe harbor, even if they came from an enemy land.”可知，持有信息棒的信使可以安全地穿过敌人部落。
7．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Some schools, for example, design and transport message sticks as a means of learning about the past.”可知，一些澳大利亚的学校通过设计和运送信息棒来了解历史。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚大堡礁珊瑚经历生育高峰的现象，并详细解释了产生这一现象的关键因素——“海草除草”的清洁策略。
8．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，该地区珊瑚礁的清洁得益于一种简单但有效的策略——海草除草。随后的内容也进一步解释了海草除草如何帮助珊瑚生长和恢复。由此可知，当地去除海藻的努力促进了佛罗伦萨湾大堡礁珊瑚的生长。故选A。
9．选D 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“By 2050, 95 percent of the world's coral could ...have died since the 1950s.”可知，世界各地珊瑚礁的健康状况非常糟糕。由此可知，画线单词意为“糟糕的”。故选D。
10．选C 推理判断题。根据第六段“When the project first ...in some way.”可知，研究人员在项目开始时并不确定去除海藻是否会对珊瑚礁有益，或者是否会在某种程度上产生相反的效果。由此推知，研究人员一开始对这个项目持不确定的态度。故选C。
11．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段Wilson所说内容可知，恢复大堡礁需要许多愿意参与的人手，并且大堡礁的恢复显然是许多人的热情所在。由此推知，大堡礁的恢复吸引并需要志愿者。故选D。
[D]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D生物打印技术的原理、优势和应用前景，特别是其在器官移植领域的潜力。
12．选C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“但这个案例有一个独特的方面：他首次植入的耳朵是用女性自己的软骨细胞的3D生物打印机的产品”可知，3D生物打印产品用于植入手术，使植入手术与众不同。故选C。
13．选B 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要讨论了3D打印人体器官的能力，提到了大量等待器官捐赠的美国人以及因等不及导致每天死亡的人数，强调了使用患者自身细胞进行3D生物打印来生长器官可能会减少等待人数。因此，第二段主要讨论的是对3D生物打印的迫切需要。故选B。
14．选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Given time, the tissue develops on its own and increases in both maturity and function.”可知，打印出来的组织随着时间的推移可以自行发展。故选B。
15．选B 推理判断题。根据第四段的“And in terms of organ transplant, a new organ made of a patient's own cells makes rejection far less likely”可推知，3D生物打印的器官可以最大程度地减少排斥的风险。故选B。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是旅行时选择与谁同行的重要性，并比较了与家人、朋友以及独自旅行的不同体验。
16．选G 空前说有经验的旅行者认为和谁一起去度假比去哪里更重要，因此G选项(假期可以根据度假者选择和谁一起旅行来分类。)，承接上文，符合语境。
17．选C 空前讲旅行成功首先是取决于家庭成员彼此之间的关系，空格处应该说另一个问题，空后是讲交通方面的问题，因此C选项(家庭旅行的另一个潜在问题是交通。)符合语境。既和前面的“For one”相承接，也引出了下文的交通问题。
18．选F 空后说明了和朋友一起出去旅游是很好的，因此F选项(和朋友一起旅行可能是一次难忘的经历，原因有几个。)引出下文，符合语境。
19．选E 空前说如果和亲密的朋友出去旅游，即使是糟糕的旅游也不会毁掉友谊，E选项(事实上，友谊往往会由于旅行的回忆而加强。)承接上文，符合语境。
20．选A 空前讲独自旅行在选择交通工具方面比跟团旅行更灵活，A选项(他们可以更容易地改变计划。)承接上文，符合语境。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五岳之首的泰山，包括泰山的地理环境和旅游特色等。
21．选B 根据空格前“historical and cultural”和生活常识可知，泰山是一座具有历史和文化意义(significance)的山。
22．选C 根据下文“Therefore, Mount Tai is often regarded as the first of the Five Sacred Mountains.”中的“the first”可知，泰山被视为五岳之首，故空格处应用“leader”，意为“首领；领导”，与“the first”呼应。
23．选A 根据生活常识可知，泰山靠近河流。“be close to ...”意为“靠近……”。
24．选B 根据句意可知，泰山是从相对较低的丘陵和平原上突然拔起，所以它的相对(relative)高度令人印象深刻。
25．选A 根据句意可知，句中介绍的是泰山的高度，因此，此处指泰山的海拔(altitude)超过1 300米。
26．选D 上文内容介绍的是泰山为什么是五岳之首，空格后的内容是对这一问题的补充说明，由此可知，应用“Moreover”，意为“此外”。
27．选D 根据上文“in Chinese culture ...the moon rise”可知，它与更新(renewal)有关。
28．选B 根据句意可知，古代皇帝登基时会登上泰山山顶，由此可知，这样做的原因应该是他们认为这是大自然赋予权力的象征(symbol)。
29．选D 根据空格后“to the Xia Dynasty and the Shang Dynasty”可知，句中指最早的活动可以追溯到(go back)夏朝和商朝。
30．选A 根据句意可知，夏朝和商朝等朝代过去在泰山举办了很多重要仪式，由此可知，泰山应该保存(preserved)了大量的文物和历史遗迹。
31．选C 根据句意可知，著名的作家、诗人和名人被吸引到这里，他们应该是写了很多关于泰山的诗和文章(articles)。
32．选A 根据空格后“different bodies of calligraphy”可知，石刻应该是结合(combine)了不同的书法字体。
33．选C 根据句中“beautiful diction, elegant writing style”可知，石刻应该是拥有精美的(delicate)图案。
34．选B 根据句中“Mount Tai also boasts unique natural scenery”可知，句中在介绍泰山的自然风光，由此可知，应该是以其壮丽(magnificence)而闻名。
35．选D 根据句意可知，句中在介绍泰山的雄伟，结合选项可知，应用“forceful”，与上题的“magnificence”相呼应。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甘肃张掖的著名景点。
36．an 考查冠词。此处为泛指，前面应该用不定冠词，且example是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
37．Located 考查非谓语动词。短语be located at表示“位于……”，此处作状语，且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Located。
38．to 考查介词。短语unique to表示“对……是独一无二的”，故填to。
39．standing 考查非谓语动词。此处作非谓语动词，且stand与mountains构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填standing。
40．simply 考查副词。修饰动词travel，应用副词simply。
41．sculptures 考查名词复数。根据上文formations可知，sculpture应用复数形式，故填sculptures。
42．guidance 考查名词。短语under the guidance of表示“在……的带领下”，故填guidance。
43．to visit 考查非谓语动词。time前有形容词最高级修饰，此处应该用不定式作后置定语修饰time，故填to visit。
44．is recommended 考查固定句型。表示“建议做某事”句型为it is recommended to do sth.，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故填is recommended。
45．that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰the one，关系词在从句作主语，应用that。
第三部分
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Selena，
I'm delighted to know you're coming to China for your summer holiday.Personally, I'd like to recommend the Great Wall to you.
When it comes to Beijing, the capital of China, the first thing that comes to mind is the Great Wall.With a history of over 2,000 years, it runs like a huge dragon across North China, stretching approximately 6,700 kilometers.As one of the greatest wonders of the world, now it's the world famous tourist attraction.
Looking forward to meeting you as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
Many thoughts raced through my mind. Should I break the rules and risk getting in trouble, or should I just sit here and watch the kitty drown The terror in the cat's eyes haunted me.I knew I couldn't just sit by and do nothing.Gathering all my courage, I stood up and shouted, “Mrs Foster, please stop the bus! There's a cat drowning across the street！” My heart was pounding as all eyes turned to me, but I knew I had to speak up for that helpless creature.
Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting. Mrs Foster stared at me through the rearview mirror, her eyes narrowing.The bus fell silent, and for a moment, it felt like the whole world was holding its breath.Then, surprisingly, she nodded and pulled over.“Go get your cat，” she said.I couldn't believe my ears.Grabbing my umbrella, I leaped out of the bus and splashed through the rain to the drowning kitty.Its little paws were still clinging to the storm drain.Gently, I lifted it out of the water and wrapped it in my jacket.Back on the bus, I received a round of applause from my classmates.That day, I learned that sometimes, breaking the rules and standing up for what's right can lead to unexpected rewards.And it was worth it.
2 / 2
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Copenhagen is an ideal destination for food loving travellers, but there are many gastronomic (美食的) adventures that await visitors outside this capital city of Denmark.Here are some experiences in the capital and beyond.
Enjoy a Baltic beach relaxation in Bornholm
Beloved by Danes for its sandy beaches and fishing harbours, the island of Bornholm is distinguished by more sunshine time than anywhere else in the country.It's an attractive dining destination, with traditional smokehouses offering local delicacies.But it's Kadeau, a restaurant, that really puts Bornholm on the food map.
Have some street food in Copenhagen
Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen.Found in the former industrial site of Refshaleen, this street food market is an exciting hangout with a rainbow of cuisines from Thai to Kurdish.Just across a river, Torvehallerne is the place for a bite.Further south, BaneGaarden is hidden in leafy railway sidings at Vesterbro, and offers soul food from the Deep South of the US.
Take a getaway at a castle in Zealand
On the island, one of Denmark's oldest castles overlooks the scenic northwest coast.The beautiful 13th century Dragsholm Slot is now a luxury hotel with one of the most well known restaurants in Zealand — Dragsholm Slot Gourmet.It holds a Michelin star, led by chef Jeppe Foldager who serves seasonal cuisine with materials farmed and hunted from the surrounding fields, forests and sea.For a less pricey meal, the castle has the farm to table Bistro and casual Madhus, where visitors can enjoy drinks, snacks and light meals.
1．What makes Bornholm unique in Denmark
A．The longer sunshine hours.
B．The traditional Dane foods.
C．The attractive smokehouses.
D．The beautiful seaside scenery.
2．Which place offers worldwide food options
A．Kadeau. B．Reffen.
C．Torvehallerne. D．BaneGaarden.
3．What do we know about Dragsholm Slot Gourmet
A．It was once a castle. B．It features light meals.
C．It offers locally grown food. D．It is famous in Denmark.
B
A message stick was a form of ancient and often non verbal communication that originated in Australia, particularly among Aboriginal people. It consisted of a wooden stick inscribed (刻) with designs and symbols. These objects were relayed by couriers (信使) between various regions and tribes and thus functioned as a means of cross cultural communication. In modern times, a message stick might still be used for communication purposes, or it might serve as an Aboriginal cultural symbol containing important and significant designs.
“Aboriginal” is a term that refers to people who are believed to be the first known in habitants of a region and in this case, it is used to describe several subgroups of native Australians. Each group might have its own unique customs and languages. They were often divided by tribes, so these groups needed a means to communicate. Message sticks were first devised for this purpose.
The stick itself was often made of the wood of native Australian trees such as black wattles. Messages were placed on the sticks using a variety of methods, including carving, painting or burning symbols into the wood. The markings usually consisted of wordless symbols that had to be translated by the courier. This messenger was thus usually a physically fit younger man who had the mental sharpness to properly convey message details.
Message sticks functioned as a sort of neutral territory between tribes. Couriers were granted safe passage and safe harbor, even if they came from an enemy land. Sometimes, the method of delivery consisted of a single courier carrying a message stick from tribe to tribe. Other methods included one tribe began a passing process amongst tribes, with each tribe using its own courier to convey the message to the next tribe.
This object also has survived as part of Australian cultural celebrations. Some schools, for example, design and transport message sticks as a means of learning about the past. In addition, the term “message stick” is often used in Australian lingo as a reference to other communication forms such as newspapers or radio broadcasts.
4．For what purpose did Aboriginal people use a message stick
A．To convey messages secretly.
B．To give identification of a messenger.
C．To show Aboriginal designs and symbols.
D．To make communication across different tribes.
5．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．What “Aboriginal” really means.
B．Why message sticks were created.
C．What native Australians' customs were.
D．How native Australians lived by groups.
6．What would happen if a courier entered an enemy tribe
A．He would be killed.
B．He would be let go.
C．He would be driven out.
D．He would be greatly respected.
7．Why do some Australian schools design and transport message sticks
A．To study the Aboriginal language.
B．To refer to newspapers and radios.
C．To learn about Aboriginal history.
D．To communicate among themselves.
C
Off the coast of northeastern Queensland, Australia, near Magnetic Island in Florence Bay, the Great Barrier Reef corals (大堡礁珊瑚) are having a baby boom.
“Every year there are more and more coral babies，” says Hillary Smith, an ecologist at James Cook University in Australia.
That's thanks to a simple but effective strategy for cleaning the region's coral reefs: “seaweeding”．Like weeding a garden, seaweeding involves pulling big handfuls of large algae (水藻) off reefs and taking them away.
Experts say getting climate change under control is key to keeping the world's reefs healthy.But meanwhile, local efforts such as seaweeding can help corals grow and reduce the effects of climate change.
The health of coral reefs around the world is dire:_By 2050, 95 percent of the world's coral could experience heat stress, according to a 2020 report by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network.Algae is a big problem: Already, algae cover has increased on two thirds of reefs around the world, and one study published in 2021 showed that half the world's coral reefs have died since the 1950s.Removing seaweed from reefs requires a great deal of work but is not complex, making it a good project for citizen scientists eager to help restore reefs.
When the project first began in 2018, Smith says researchers weren't sure if removing seaweed would benefit the reef or if removal might have the opposite effect in some way.But now, “It's all looking really positive for the reef，” she says.
Volunteers are ready and waiting to help near Townsville and at other affected Australian reefs, says the Earthwatch Institute's Fiona Wilson.“We need lots of willing hands to remove seaweed.It takes weeks of time，”she says.“But obviously recovery of the Great Barrier Reef is a passion for many people, so we draw volunteers.”
8．What contributed to the growth of the Great Barrier Reef corals in Florence Bay
A．Local efforts to remove seaweed.
B．Reduced effects of climate change.
C．Fewer human activities in the region.
D．The use of new restoration technologies.
9．What does the underlined word “dire” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Strange. B．Acceptable.
C．Excellent. D．Terrible.
10．How did researchers feel about the project at first
A．They were hopeful of it.
B．They were excited about it.
C．They were uncertain about it.
D．They were uninterested in it.
11．What does Wilson say about the recovery of the Great Barrier Reef
A．It is still a long way off. B．It is less difficult than thought.
C．It will take hard work and skill. D．It attracts and needs volunteers.
D
Last year, in San Antonio, Dr Pascal Badiou carefully implanted (植入) an outer ear on a woman born without right ear.For Badiou, a recognized expert in the field, such a procedure would normally be routine.But this case had a unique aspect: For the first time, the ear he was implanting was the product of a 3D bioprinter using the woman's own cartilage (软骨) cells.
The ability to 3D print human organs is astonishing.Nearly 106,000 Americans are currently on waiting lists for organ donations, and 17 die each day while waiting, according to the federal Health Resources and Services Administration.A 3D bioprinting process that uses the patient's own cells to grow organs would potentially curb that waiting list.
In 3D bioprinting, the name of the game is cells.The process begins by generating the cells that researchers want to bioprint, which are then instructed to become organ specific cell types.The cells are then turned into a printable bio ink, mixing them with extra materials to give them a toothpaste like consistency (黏稠度)．The bio ink is loaded into syringes (注射器) and squeezed out of a nozzle (喷嘴)．Once it is finished, the printed tissue is sometimes connected to a pump that drives oxygen and nutrients through it.Given time, the tissue develops on its own and increases in both maturity and function.
“The 3D bioprinter gives you several advantages, ” says Atala, director of Wake Forest Institute.“Instead of making these tissues and organs by hand one at a time, you can automate the printer to do it.What's more, we can more precisely locate the cells where they're needed, and lower overall cost for the increased scale.And in terms of organ transplant, a new organ made of a patient's own cells makes rejection far less likely.”
It sounds science fiction, but it's already happening.“I think that in 10 years we will have organs for transplantation，” says Atala.“We will start with simple organs like skin and cartilage, but then we'll move on to more complicated tissues — eventually the heart, liver, kidney.”
12．What makes the implant operation special
A．Humans first successfully implanted an outer ear.
B．It made Dr Badiou a recognized expert of his field.
C．The 3D bio printed product was used in implanting.
D．The implant procedure was designed by 3D technology.
13．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The advantages of 3D bioprinting.
B．The urgent need of 3D bioprinting.
C．The potential market of organ donations.
D．The increasing number of organ donations.
14．What can we learn about the process
A．The cells are mixed to increase consistency.
B．The printed tissue can develop itself by time.
C．3D bioprinter generates organ specific cell types.
D．The tissue drives oxygen and nutrients through a pump.
15．What can we infer from what Atala says
A．Lowering overall cost leads to the increased scale.
B．3D bioprinted organs minimize the risk of rejection.
C．More complicated tissues will replace simple organs.
D．3D bioprinter precisely locate the organs that are needed.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively.Experienced travelers will argue that more important than where they go on vacation is who they go with.__16__
Family travel is special and creates lasting memories, but it can also have some challenges.For one, the success of a trip often depends on the relationships that the family members have with one another.If two brothers do not get along at home, the chances are that they will fight during a vacation.__17__ If a family is traveling by air, purchasing plane tickets for everyone can be very expensive.
__18__ Close friends often have similar personalities, so they generally get along with each other and fight less than family members might on a trip.Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin the friendship.__19__ All in all, traveling with friends can be a positive experience that results in a great vacation and, likely, a stronger friendship.
Finally, people can choose to travel alone.Solo travelers can be more flexible with transportation than those traveling in a large group.__20__ And they also have better chances of getting a seat on buses or planes since they only need one.In addition, solo travelers are more likely to meet locals or other vacationers because they are more likely to want to talk with others.
A．They can change plans more easily.
B．Each person tends to cover his or her individual expenses.
C．Another potential problem of family travel is transportation.
D．Sightseeing and scheduling are not a problem for solo travelers.
E．In fact, friendships are often strengthened with the travel memories.
F．Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.
G．Vacations can be classified on the basis of who vacationers choose to travel with.
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mount Tai, located just north of Tai'an city in East China's Shandong Province, is a mountain of historical and cultural__21__， with impressive views and beautiful natural scenery.
Among the Five Sacred Mountains (the other four are Heng Mountain of Hunan Province, Hua Mountain of Shaanxi Province, Song Mountain of Henan Province and Heng Mountain of Shanxi Province), Mount Tai is only the third highest. Why is it seen as the__22__ of the Five Sacred Mountains
In absolute terms, Mount Tai cannot be considered as the highest of China's mountains, but because it is__23__ to the rivers and rises abruptly from the relatively low hills and plains, its __24__ height is quite impressive, with a(n)__25__ of over 1,300 meters. __26__， in Chinese culture east is regarded as a sacred direction, since it is where the sun and the moon rise. Therefore, Mount Tai is often regarded as the first of the Five Sacred Mountains. It is associated with sunrise, birth and__27__.
Many emperors climbed to the top for enthronement (登基) or other significant ceremonies in ancient times, for they considered it to be a __28__ of the power given by master of nature. The earliest activities could __29__ to the Xia Dynasty and the Shang Dynasty, so it __30__ a good many of cultural relics and historic sites. Famous writers, poets and celebrities were attracted here and thousands of poems and __31__ about Mount Tai are best known nowadays.
Mount Tai is famous for its various stone inscriptions, which are the works of either ancient emperors or celebrities. The stone inscriptions __32__ different bodies of calligraphy, and most of them are inscribed with beautiful diction, elegant writing style and __33__ design. Besides historic relics, Mount Tai also boasts unique natural scenery, and it is well known for its __34__. Overlapping mountains, gigantic rocks, centuries old pines and cypresses (柏树), and ever changing clouds make Mount Tai __35__ with brightness and peaceful with miracle. As a result, it attracts lots of tourists from the whole world.
21．A.evidence B．significance
C．confidence D．existence
22．A.partner B．member
C．leader D．laggard
23．A.close B．far
C．remote D．proper
24．A.absolute B．relative
C．real D．perfect
25．A.altitude B．width
C．longitude D．attitude
26．A.However B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Moreover
27．A.chance B．change
C．death D．renewal
28．A.gift B．symbol
C．beginning D．call
29．A.look at B．go through
C．look for D．go back
30．A.preserved B．ruined
C．collected D．hid
31．A.newspapers B．information
C．articles D．advertisements
32．A.combine B．change
C．stop D．increase
33．A.exciting B．famous
C．delicate D．rough
34．A.importance B．magnificence
C．possibility D．difference
35．A.powerless B．pale
C．weak D．forceful
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sometimes, nature has a way of throwing the unexpected at you, even when you thought you have seen everything.If you go to Gansu, China, you'll see such __36__ example.
__37__ (locate) at the northern foothills of Qilian Mountains, Rainbow Mountains (Zhangye National Geopark) is so called because it contains a sight unique __38__ that part of the world.Or to put it another way, hardly can you find one elsewhere in the world, as the impressive mountains, __39__ (stand) over 100 meters tall in places, have somehow been covered with spray paints of different colors.
Zhangye is the nearest city to Rainbow Mountains, and you can either choose a guided tour, or__40__ (simple) travel by car to the area, only around a 20 mile drive.You'll have three areas to choose from — the Linze Danxi a Scenic Area, which makes up the bulk of the park; Binggou, where the formations tend to be like melting ice __41__ (sculpture); and Sunan Danxia Scenic Area, which is less crowded than the other two but has fewer fully built roads, so you'd better go there under the __42__ (guide) of the local people.
The best time of the year __43__ (visit) is between June and September, when the mild weather should make walking comfortable, and it __44__ (recommend) to visit at either sunrise or sunset when the colors are at their most bright and changeable.This iconic attraction is the one __45__ stands in awe inspiring and unforgettable scenes.
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Selena计划暑假来中国旅行，写信请你推荐一个景点。请你给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1．推荐景点； 2.推荐理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was shy when I was thirteen.I was also what most teachers would call a “good kid”. I followed the rules and rarely questioned authority.But then one day, one single ride on a school bus changed all that.
The school bus that day was crowded, hot and smelly.The windows were all rolled up — the driver's order — it was simply raining too hard to have them down.My classmates were engaged in heated conversations and games.The driver had shouted at several kids who had been standing up in their seats and yelling.
I sat alone as usual, speaking to no one.Over and over, I carefully wiped a small circle through the cloud on my window so that I could look outside.People raced here and there, grasping umbrellas or covering their heads with jackets.
The bus stopped, waiting for an accident to clear.As I sat quietly, waiting and watching, I saw a kitty across the street on the other side of the road.He was all wet and didn't seem to know how to get out of the rain.I wanted to go to get the kitty, but I knew the bus driver, Mrs Foster, would never allow me off the bus.It was against the rules to even stand up.I also thought if I pointed out the pitiful cat, the other kids would probably think that I was weird (奇怪的), even weirder than they already thought I was.I didn't want things to get any worse than they were.
My window was cloudy again, and when I wiped it clear, I could see the kitty was struggling in what seemed to be a flooded river.He was now up to his neck in cold water, but his little front paws were holding on to the bars covering the storm drain (排水沟)．I saw absolute terror in his dark, round eyes.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。
Many thoughts raced through my mind.
Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting.
UNIT 2 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了丹麦哥本哈根及周边地区的美食体验，包括在Bornholm岛的海滩放松、在哥本哈根品尝街头美食，以及在西兰岛的城堡享受美食度假。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“博恩霍尔姆岛因其沙滩和渔港而受到丹麦人的喜爱，它的日照时间比丹麦其他任何地方都要多”可知，Bornholm有更长的光照。故选A。
2．选B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen.”可知，这里提供全球美食。故选B。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“如果想要便宜一点的餐点，城堡里还有从农场到餐桌的小酒馆和休闲餐厅Madhus，游客可以在那里享用饮料、小吃和便餐”可知，Dragsholm Slot Gourmet提供当地农场种植的食物。故选C。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚土著人使用的信息棒，它曾经是澳大利亚土著人之间传递信息的重要工具。
4．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后两句可知，澳大利亚土著人使用信息棒是为了不同的部落之间能够交流。
5．选B 段落大意题。综合分析第二段的信息可知，澳大利亚土著人部落间有自己独特的习俗和语言，因此他们需要用信息棒来交流，故本段主要说明信息棒产生的原因。
6．选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Couriers were granted safe passage and safe harbor, even if they came from an enemy land.”可知，持有信息棒的信使可以安全地穿过敌人部落。
7．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Some schools, for example, design and transport message sticks as a means of learning about the past.”可知，一些澳大利亚的学校通过设计和运送信息棒来了解历史。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚大堡礁珊瑚经历生育高峰的现象，并详细解释了产生这一现象的关键因素——“海草除草”的清洁策略。
8．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，该地区珊瑚礁的清洁得益于一种简单但有效的策略——海草除草。随后的内容也进一步解释了海草除草如何帮助珊瑚生长和恢复。由此可知，当地去除海藻的努力促进了佛罗伦萨湾大堡礁珊瑚的生长。故选A。
9．选D 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“By 2050, 95 percent of the world's coral could ...have died since the 1950s.”可知，世界各地珊瑚礁的健康状况非常糟糕。由此可知，画线单词意为“糟糕的”。故选D。
10．选C 推理判断题。根据第六段“When the project first ...in some way.”可知，研究人员在项目开始时并不确定去除海藻是否会对珊瑚礁有益，或者是否会在某种程度上产生相反的效果。由此推知，研究人员一开始对这个项目持不确定的态度。故选C。
11．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段Wilson所说内容可知，恢复大堡礁需要许多愿意参与的人手，并且大堡礁的恢复显然是许多人的热情所在。由此推知，大堡礁的恢复吸引并需要志愿者。故选D。
[D]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D生物打印技术的原理、优势和应用前景，特别是其在器官移植领域的潜力。
12．选C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“但这个案例有一个独特的方面：他首次植入的耳朵是用女性自己的软骨细胞的3D生物打印机的产品”可知，3D生物打印产品用于植入手术，使植入手术与众不同。故选C。
13．选B 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要讨论了3D打印人体器官的能力，提到了大量等待器官捐赠的美国人以及因等不及导致每天死亡的人数，强调了使用患者自身细胞进行3D生物打印来生长器官可能会减少等待人数。因此，第二段主要讨论的是对3D生物打印的迫切需要。故选B。
14．选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Given time, the tissue develops on its own and increases in both maturity and function.”可知，打印出来的组织随着时间的推移可以自行发展。故选B。
15．选B 推理判断题。根据第四段的“And in terms of organ transplant, a new organ made of a patient's own cells makes rejection far less likely”可推知，3D生物打印的器官可以最大程度地减少排斥的风险。故选B。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是旅行时选择与谁同行的重要性，并比较了与家人、朋友以及独自旅行的不同体验。
16．选G 空前说有经验的旅行者认为和谁一起去度假比去哪里更重要，因此G选项(假期可以根据度假者选择和谁一起旅行来分类。)，承接上文，符合语境。
17．选C 空前讲旅行成功首先是取决于家庭成员彼此之间的关系，空格处应该说另一个问题，空后是讲交通方面的问题，因此C选项(家庭旅行的另一个潜在问题是交通。)符合语境。既和前面的“For one”相承接，也引出了下文的交通问题。
18．选F 空后说明了和朋友一起出去旅游是很好的，因此F选项(和朋友一起旅行可能是一次难忘的经历，原因有几个。)引出下文，符合语境。
19．选E 空前说如果和亲密的朋友出去旅游，即使是糟糕的旅游也不会毁掉友谊，E选项(事实上，友谊往往会由于旅行的回忆而加强。)承接上文，符合语境。
20．选A 空前讲独自旅行在选择交通工具方面比跟团旅行更灵活，A选项(他们可以更容易地改变计划。)承接上文，符合语境。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五岳之首的泰山，包括泰山的地理环境和旅游特色等。
21．选B 根据空格前“historical and cultural”和生活常识可知，泰山是一座具有历史和文化意义(significance)的山。
22．选C 根据下文“Therefore, Mount Tai is often regarded as the first of the Five Sacred Mountains.”中的“the first”可知，泰山被视为五岳之首，故空格处应用“leader”，意为“首领；领导”，与“the first”呼应。
23．选A 根据生活常识可知，泰山靠近河流。“be close to ...”意为“靠近……”。
24．选B 根据句意可知，泰山是从相对较低的丘陵和平原上突然拔起，所以它的相对(relative)高度令人印象深刻。
25．选A 根据句意可知，句中介绍的是泰山的高度，因此，此处指泰山的海拔(altitude)超过1 300米。
26．选D 上文内容介绍的是泰山为什么是五岳之首，空格后的内容是对这一问题的补充说明，由此可知，应用“Moreover”，意为“此外”。
27．选D 根据上文“in Chinese culture ...the moon rise”可知，它与更新(renewal)有关。
28．选B 根据句意可知，古代皇帝登基时会登上泰山山顶，由此可知，这样做的原因应该是他们认为这是大自然赋予权力的象征(symbol)。
29．选D 根据空格后“to the Xia Dynasty and the Shang Dynasty”可知，句中指最早的活动可以追溯到(go back)夏朝和商朝。
30．选A 根据句意可知，夏朝和商朝等朝代过去在泰山举办了很多重要仪式，由此可知，泰山应该保存(preserved)了大量的文物和历史遗迹。
31．选C 根据句意可知，著名的作家、诗人和名人被吸引到这里，他们应该是写了很多关于泰山的诗和文章(articles)。
32．选A 根据空格后“different bodies of calligraphy”可知，石刻应该是结合(combine)了不同的书法字体。
33．选C 根据句中“beautiful diction, elegant writing style”可知，石刻应该是拥有精美的(delicate)图案。
34．选B 根据句中“Mount Tai also boasts unique natural scenery”可知，句中在介绍泰山的自然风光，由此可知，应该是以其壮丽(magnificence)而闻名。
35．选D 根据句意可知，句中在介绍泰山的雄伟，结合选项可知，应用“forceful”，与上题的“magnificence”相呼应。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甘肃张掖的著名景点。
36．an 考查冠词。此处为泛指，前面应该用不定冠词，且example是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
37．Located 考查非谓语动词。短语be located at表示“位于……”，此处作状语，且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Located。
38．to 考查介词。短语unique to表示“对……是独一无二的”，故填to。
39．standing 考查非谓语动词。此处作非谓语动词，且stand与mountains构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填standing。
40．simply 考查副词。修饰动词travel，应用副词simply。
41．sculptures 考查名词复数。根据上文formations可知，sculpture应用复数形式，故填sculptures。
42．guidance 考查名词。短语under the guidance of表示“在……的带领下”，故填guidance。
43．to visit 考查非谓语动词。time前有形容词最高级修饰，此处应该用不定式作后置定语修饰time，故填to visit。
44．is recommended 考查固定句型。表示“建议做某事”句型为it is recommended to do sth.，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故填is recommended。
45．that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰the one，关系词在从句作主语，应用that。
第三部分
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Selena，
I'm delighted to know you're coming to China for your summer holiday.Personally, I'd like to recommend the Great Wall to you.
When it comes to Beijing, the capital of China, the first thing that comes to mind is the Great Wall.With a history of over 2,000 years, it runs like a huge dragon across North China, stretching approximately 6,700 kilometers.As one of the greatest wonders of the world, now it's the world famous tourist attraction.
Looking forward to meeting you as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
Many thoughts raced through my mind. Should I break the rules and risk getting in trouble, or should I just sit here and watch the kitty drown The terror in the cat's eyes haunted me.I knew I couldn't just sit by and do nothing.Gathering all my courage, I stood up and shouted, “Mrs Foster, please stop the bus! There's a cat drowning across the street！” My heart was pounding as all eyes turned to me, but I knew I had to speak up for that helpless creature.
Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting. Mrs Foster stared at me through the rearview mirror, her eyes narrowing.The bus fell silent, and for a moment, it felt like the whole world was holding its breath.Then, surprisingly, she nodded and pulled over.“Go get your cat，” she said.I couldn't believe my ears.Grabbing my umbrella, I leaped out of the bus and splashed through the rain to the drowning kitty.Its little paws were still clinging to the storm drain.Gently, I lifted it out of the water and wrapped it in my jacket.Back on the bus, I received a round of applause from my classmates.That day, I learned that sometimes, breaking the rules and standing up for what's right can lead to unexpected rewards.And it was worth it.
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