Lesson 4: Don't Smoke, Please!
参考答案
激活基础
Ⅰ. 任务型完形填空辨识训练
答案：public
解析：“in public” 是固定短语，意为 “在公共场合”。句意为 “不要推挤，在公共场合排队等候是有礼貌的”，符合语境。
答案：cigarettes
解析：“cigarette” 意为 “香烟”，是可数名词。句中 “buy” 后接复数形式表示类别，句意为 “一些国家不允许 16 岁以下的人购买香烟”。
答案：lungs
解析：“lung” 意为 “肺”，此处用复数形式 “lungs”。句中将 “雨林” 比作 “地球的肺”，是固定比喻，符合语境。
答案：breathe
解析：“breathe” 意为 “呼吸”，是动词。句意为 “20 公里的徒步旅行后，我很难呼吸”，“it's difficult to do sth.” 后接动词原形。
答案：diseases
解析：“disease” 意为 “疾病”，是可数名词。句意为 “为了避免疾病，我们饭前应该更仔细地洗手”，用复数形式表示泛指。
答案：laws
解析：“law” 意为 “法律”，是可数名词。句意为 “许多国家正在制定新的法律来保护自己免受污染”，“new” 后接复数形式表示多项法律。
Ⅱ. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
答案：Smoking
解析：“smoke” 意为 “吸烟”，此处需用动名词作主语，句首首字母大写。句意为 “吸烟过多对你的健康有害”。
答案：drinking
解析：“drink” 意为 “喝酒”，“the habit of doing sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “做某事的习惯”，故用动名词形式。句意为 “不要养成喝酒的习惯，它对你的健康有害”。
答案：anybody
解析：“somebody” 意为 “某人”，用于肯定句；否定句中需改为 “anybody”。句意为 “妈妈，我没有人一起玩，我能养个宠物吗？”
答案：harmful
解析：“harm” 意为 “伤害”，此处需用形容词 “harmful” 作表语，“be harmful to” 是固定短语，意为 “对…… 有害”。句意为 “二手烟对不吸烟的人有害”。
答案：to read
解析：“encourage sb. to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “鼓励某人做某事”，故用动词不定式。句意为 “吴老师总是鼓励我们在空闲时间读好书”。
Ⅲ. 语法与情景对话
答案：B
解析：A. “Because”（因为）引导原因状语从句；B. “As a result”（结果）后接句子，表结果；C. “Because of”（因为）后接名词 / 短语，表原因；D. “As a result of”（由于）后接名词 / 短语，表原因。句中 “他们输了比赛” 是 “玩得太粗心” 的结果，且后接句子，故选 B。
答案：D
解析：第一空：疑问句中用 “anything”；第二空：根据 “yes” 可知有人告诉过他，用 “somebody”。句意为 “—— 汤姆，你知道关于在春晚表演的机器人‘伏羲’的任何事情吗？—— 知道，因为有人告诉过我”，故选 D。
答案：A
解析：A. “taking risks”（冒险）；B. “trying out”（试验）；C. “taking breaks”（休息）；D. “giving away”（赠送）。根据 “他不认为在森林里旅行危险” 可知他喜欢冒险，故选 A。
答案：C
解析：“million” 前有具体数字时用单数，后不加 “of”；表示不确定的 “数百万” 时用 “millions of”。句意为 “每年春节前，数百万的人乘火车回家”，故选 C。
Ⅳ. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
答案：stay away from
解析：“远离” 对应的短语是 “stay away from”，“advise sb. to do sth.” 后接动词原形。
答案：as a result of
解析：“由于” 对应的短语是 “as a result of”，后接名词 / 短语，此处接 “smoking”。
答案：get into the habit
解析：“养成…… 的习惯” 对应的短语是 “get into the habit of”，“want sb. to do sth.” 后接动词原形。
答案：take risks
解析：“冒险” 对应的短语是 “take risks”，从句主语 “they” 是复数，动词用原形。
答案：against the law
解析：“违法的” 对应的表达是 “against the law”，“against” 意为 “违反”。
知能提升
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
答案：C
解析：根据短文第一段 “he smoked” 及医生最后说的 “Your lungs are so black” 可推断，金先生咳嗽是因为吸烟太多，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：短文中金先生的妻子说 “But I think health is more important”，明确表达了 “健康更重要” 的观点，故选 B。
答案：C
解析：金先生担心自己患肺癌，医生让他做肺部 X 光检查，目的是确认他的肺部是否有问题，故选 C。
Ⅵ. 任务型完形填空
答案：for
解析：“for fun” 是固定短语，意为 “为了好玩”，句意为 “一些青少年吸烟只是为了好玩”。
答案：looks
解析：“look cool” 意为 “看起来很酷”，主语 “smoking” 是动名词，视为单数，谓语用第三人称单数 “looks”。
答案：harmful
解析：“be harmful” 意为 “有害的”，句意为 “众所周知，吸烟是有害的，尤其是对学生”。
答案：because
解析：前后句是因果关系，“它对健康有害，因为它会引发疾病”，用 “because” 引导原因状语从句。
答案：smoking
解析：“protect oneself from doing sth.” 意为 “保护自己免受……”，此处指 “免受吸烟（的危害）”，用动名词 “smoking”。
答案：from
解析：“stay away from” 是固定短语，意为 “远离”，句意为 “我们应该远离吸烟的人”。
答案：cigarette
解析：“offer a cigarette” 意为 “递烟”，句意为 “当别人给你烟时，你应该拒绝”。
答案：advise
解析：“advise sb. not to do sth.” 意为 “建议某人不要做某事”，“had better” 后接动词原形。
答案：themselves
解析：句意为 “吸烟不仅伤害他们自己，也伤害周围的人”，用反身代词 “themselves” 指代 “they”。
答案：habits
解析：“form good habits” 意为 “养成好习惯”，用复数形式表示泛指，句意为 “希望每个青少年都能养成好习惯”。Lesson 4: Don't Smoke, Please!
激活基础 15min
Ⅰ. 任务型完形填空辨识训练
lung, breathe, cigarette, disease, public, law
Don't push. It is polite to wait in line in __________.
Some countries don't allow people under 16 to buy __________.
Rainforests are the __________ of the earth. We should do everything we can to protect them.
It's difficult for me to __________ after the 20 - kilometre hike.
健康生活 To avoid __________, we should wash our hands more carefully before meals.
Many countries are making new __________ to protect themselves from pollution.
Ⅱ. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
7. __________ (smoke) too much does harm to your health.
8. Don't get into the habit of __________ (drink). It's bad for your health.
9. Mom, I don't have __________ (somebody) to play with. Could I have a pet
10. Second - hand smoke is __________ (harm) to people who don't smoke.
11. Miss Wu always encourages us __________ (read) great books in our free time.
Ⅲ. 语法与情景对话
12. The boys played so carelessly in the game yesterday. __________, they lost the game.
A. Because B. As a result
C. Because of D. As a result of
13. 科技前沿 —Tom, do you know __________ about the robot “Fuxi” that performed at China's Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会)
—Yes. Because __________ told us about it.
A. something; somebody
B. anything; anybody
C. something; nobody
D. anything; somebody
14. —Does Robert think that travelling in the forest is dangerous
—No, he doesn't. He likes __________.
A. taking risks B. trying out
C. taking breaks D. giving away
15. Every year __________ people take the train to go back home before the Spring Festival.
A. five millions of B. million of
C. millions of D. five millions
Ⅳ. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子 (每空一词)
16. 为了保护青少年的视力，专家建议他们远离电子产品。
To protect teenagers' eyesight, experts advise them to __________ __________ __________ electronic products.
17. 每年，全世界数以百万的人由于吸烟而死亡。
Every year, millions of people around the world die __________ __________ __________ smoking.
18. 我爸爸想让我养成阅读的习惯。
My father wants me to __________ __________ __________ __________ of reading.
19. 你认为富人是因为冒险才变富的吗？
Do you think the rich are rich because they __________ __________
20. 我们不能酒后驾车，这是违法的。
We mustn't drive after drinking alcohol. It's __________ __________ __________.
知能提升 30min
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
老烟枪的肺片惊魂 At midnight Mr. King coughed again. He got up and took some medicine. Before lying down again, he smoked. And he couldn't go to sleep any longer. He found the medicine book and began to read it. He was afraid he had lung cancer. He seemed to see death was waiting for him. Tears ran down his face. He didn't notice his wife was standing beside him.
“What's wrong with you, dear ” asked the woman.
“Nothing,” the old man answered and covered his face with his hands.
The woman opened the book and understood at once. She said, “You must stop smoking right now.”
“I began to smoke when I was nine, you know. How can I stop now ”
“But I think health is more important.”
Mr. King coughed again and his wife said, “Go to see a doctor tomorrow. He will be able to help you, I think.”
The doctor told Mr. King to have an X - ray examination of his lungs. And then he looked at the X - ray carefully for a long time.
“Tell me the truth, doctor.” said Mr. King, “Do you see any shadows (阴影) in my lungs ”
“No,” the old man said happily. “Really ”
“Yes. Your lungs are so black. How can I see any shadows ”
阅读以上短文，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
( ) 21. Why did Mr. King cough
A. Because he couldn't go to sleep.
B. Because he was afraid to die.
C. Because he smoked too much.
D. Because he was too old.
( ) 22. Who thinks health is more important
A. Mr. King. B. Mr. King's wife.
C. The doctor. D. The old man.
( ) 23. What did the doctor ask Mr. King to have an X - ray examination for
A. To be sure the man would die soon.
B. To stop Mr. King smoking right now.
C. To know if there was something wrong with his lungs.
D. To be sure the man would soon be all right.
Ⅵ. 任务型完形填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。
they, smoke, advise, for, cigarette,
habit, from, harm, look, because
别让香烟吞噬青春 Now some teenagers like smoking. Some of them smoke just 24. __________ fun, and some think smoking 25. __________ cool. Others smoke because many people around them smoke.
As we all know, smoking is 26. __________, especially to students. Smoking does harm to brains and it can influence studies. It is bad for health 27. __________ it can cause diseases. So we should protect ourselves from 28. __________.
First, we should learn about the danger of smoking. Second, we should stay away 29. __________ people who smoke. Third, when others offer you a 30. __________, you should refuse to take it. And you'd better 31. __________ them not to smoke. Because when they smoke, it not only harms 32. __________ but also harms the people around them.
I hope every teenager can form good 33. __________.
